8/17/2009

MOOHAMAD ROPANING SULONG

BBS 2124 BIOCHEMISTRY
FBSH, UNISEL

Biochemistry
Biology Chemistry

Bioengineering
Biology Engineering

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Biology Chemistry
Engineering
Biochemical Engineering

Biology BI0IT Information

Technology

Is, literally, the study of the chemistry of life,

and the structure and the function of cellular
components

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Organisms are able to extract energy from

molecules called nutrients.

Organisms display the attributes of growth,
differentiation, and reproduction.

Organisms have the ability to respond to
changes in their environments.

What are the chemical and three-dimensional

structures of biological molecules?

How do biological molecules interact with each
other?

How does the cell synthesize and degrade
biological molecules?

What are the mechanisms for organizing biological
molecules and coordinating their activities?

How is energy conserved and used by the cells?

How is genetic information stored, transmitted,
and expressed?

The chemistry of enzymes mediated reactions

and the properties of proteins

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To describe life’s processes using the

language of molecules, that is, applying the
principles and methods of chemistry to
determine molecular structure from which it
is often possible to explain biological
function

Structural and functional biochemistry

Focuses initially on discovering the

chemical structure and three dimensional
arrangements of biomolecules, those
chemical that are found in living matter

Informational biochemistry

defines the language(s) for storing

biological data and transmitting that data
cells and organisms. This area includes
molecular genetic , which describes the
molecular processes in heredity and
expression of genetic information and also
processes that communicate molecular
signals to regulate cellular activities

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Bioenergetics

describes the flow of energy in living

organisms and how it may be transferred
from one process to another
* Endergonic ( requires the input of
energy)
* Exergonic (release energy)

Who posses knowledge of fundamental

organic reactions and physical chemistry, and

Applies these knowledge to the processes of
biological molecules

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Biochemists study the molecular characteristics

of living organisms on land and in water

The period of 1500 to 1800

Understanding of basic chemical principles
kinetics, and the atomic composition of
molecules

The end of 19th century

Biochemistry had become an organized
discipline and biochemists have elucidated
many of the chemical process of life

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In 1828
Friedrich Wöhler had synthesized organic
compound (urea) by heating the inorganic
compound (ammonium cyanate) NH4(OCN)

Two major breakthroughs

o discovery of enzymes as catalysts

o identification of nucleic acids as information

molecules

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In 1897
Eduard Buchner had found that yeast cells
could catalyze the fermentation of sugar to
alcohol and carbon dioxide

In 1944
Oswald Avery, Colin Mac Leod and Maclyn
Mc Carty had extracted DNA from toxic
strain of the bacterium Stryptococcus
pneumoniae and mixed the DNA with
nontoxic strain of the same organism

In 1953

James Watson and

Francis, H.C. Crick
deuced the three
dimensional
structure of DNA

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In 1958
Crick had predicted that the normal flow of
information from nucleic acid to protein is
not reversible

Past 100 years

Biochemistry had
emerged as a
dynamic science