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Home > Instrumentation and Control System, Power Plant Technology > Steam Drum Level, 3
Element Control

December 26, 2009 Tofan Azhar Hakim Leave a comment Go to comments

Setelah puas bicara masalah Photography dan Travelling, kita beralih ke pembahasan Power Plant
Technology. Kali ini bahasanya saya sajikan in English aja yah, biar bisa di baca sama orang-orang bule.

In my previous post “Where does the Steam come from?” we’ve understood that water is pumped from
feedwater tank via boiler economizer to steam drum. Water is introduced to steam drum through perforated
pipe from the bottom of steam drum along the length of the drum, and maintained to fill up a half volume of
the drum.

The purpose of steam drum in boiler is to separate water and steam in water/steam natural circulation, where
the saturated steam that separated from water/steam mixture will passes from steam drum then will be
superheated in the superheater and finally convert to superheated steam as a final product of boiler. On the
otherside the water will be circulated through heat transfer media via furnace wall tubes then flowing back to
the steam drum as water/steam mixture that will continuously separated from saturated steam.

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In steam drum, there is a phenomenon called “shrink and swell effect”. In case of boiler load increasing
(steam flow), it will increase steam bubble volume, then steam drum will decreased and fuel firing (heat
input) will increase. At this moment, drum level will indicate high, this is what we called swell effect. When
drum level is indicated high, feed water will reduce the flow in response of drum level high. This is an
appropriate control response, it should increase feed water flow during high load!! The result, boiler will be
trip because of drum level alarm low.

In other case, due to a decrease in load (steam flow), it will decrease (shrinkage) in drum level due to a
decrease in steam-bubble volume. Resulting increase in drum pressure and a decrease in heat input. Feed
water flow response to this shrink effect with increasing feed water flow, then there will water carry over
that can damage boiler tubes and turbine.

This process phenomenon can be overcome with more sophisticated control strategy, that called steam drum
three element control. The three element control refer to three process variable in steam drum control:
1. Feed water flow
2. Drum level
3. Main Steam flow

The purpose of 3 element control strategy is not only maintaining mass balance of water input and steam
output in steam drum but also to achieve boiler safety operation in “shrink and swell effect”. Configuration
of this control strategy employs cascade control of drum level control (master) and feedwater flow control
(slave), then configuring feedforward control, where total steam flow (main steam flow, sootblowing steam,
etc) will be corrected by drum level control output as remote setpoint for slave. This configuration will result
mass balance between feedwater and total steam flow, and also become a smooth control in shrink and swell
condition.

In the next post, we will discuss about how to calculate differential pressure of steam drum as level
indication.

Let’s share the ideas!

Tofan Azhar Hakim

Possibly related posts: (automatically generated)

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Dasar Perhitungan Steam Drum Level dengan Differential Pressure

Where does the Steam come from?
boiler
Sad Saga of the Squirrel

Comments (11) Trackbacks (0) Leave a comment Trackback

1.
taufiqsabirin
December 26, 2009 at 6:51 pm | #1
Reply | Quote

kejam lu pan
pake bahasa indonesialah
katanya orang indon

2.
bapake dina
December 26, 2009 at 9:31 pm | #2
Reply | Quote

ono versi boso jawa-ne gak iki ?

Tofan Azhar Hakim

December 27, 2009 at 5:40 am | #3
Reply | Quote

@ bapake dina: tolong ditranslate ke boso jowo nggih.

3.
Fistek 2005
December 29, 2009 at 2:52 pm | #4
Reply | Quote

oia modellingnya gmna mas..?? klo waktu kape saya juga berkutat yg 3 element itu.. dimana
didasarkan pada 3 element. pressure,Flow, dan Level.. dmna levelnya sbgai master controlnya….

Tofan Azhar Hakim

December 29, 2009 at 10:36 pm | #5
Reply | Quote

Kalo untuk simple modelling, yang pertama kali dilakukan adalah mengidentifikasi sistem,
menentukan variable input dan output. Menurut saya untuk modelling yang realistis untuk steam
drum, kita harus memperhatikan bahwa water dan steam density bervariasi tergantung dari
pressure, yang mana pressure sendiri tergantung dari heat input dan juga feedwater tempearure,
demikian juga dengan feedwater flow dan main steam flow. Terus terang saya juga belum
pernah bikin modellingnya. Kalo mas pernah bikin pas KP, mungkin bisa dishare ke saya?
karena menarik juga variable prosessnya pakai pressure, cz saya belum pernah ketemu yang
pake pressure.

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4.
bapake dina
December 29, 2009 at 10:32 pm | #6
Reply | Quote

om topan ikut modelling juga kah? no agensinya brp? boleh dicontact bwt hunting neh,wkwkwkwkk…

**o’on mode : on

5.
Tofan Azhar Hakim
December 29, 2009 at 10:40 pm | #7
Reply | Quote

Walah, bapake dina sekarang dah cari2 model tho, mau model co ato ce? saya bisa sediakan. hehe
**o’on mode juga ah..

6.
bapake dina
January 7, 2010 at 1:14 am | #8
Reply | Quote

haha..

btw,3element pake variable pressure to?

7.
muhammad sidiq ramadan
March 24, 2010 at 6:43 pm | #9
Reply | Quote

mas, saya sedang mengerjakan tugas akhir yang menyangkut drum level control dan steam drum dalam
bentuk simulasi…..kalau ada materi yang bersangkutan bisa saya minta??karena saya ingin cepat
menyelesaikan tugas akhir saya secepatnya…..terima kasih…

8.
Arshavin
May 19, 2010 at 3:08 pm | #10
Reply | Quote

Apik tenan, singh tak waco tak copy yo mas…

9.
gandhi
August 23, 2010 at 12:51 pm | #11
Reply | Quote

pemodelan sistem dinamiknya seperti apa ya? kalau dipasang secara horizontal, fungsi level terhadap
volumenya seperti apa?
terimakasih

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This is me

I am Indonesian, working as control system / Automation Engineer in Power Plant. Deal

with digital and analog signal in my daily activities. I have a great interest in renewable
energy, power plant technology, instrumentation control system, photography and traveling.
Write this blog just for capturing my idea so it won't just go with the wind. Let's share the
Ideas!!

You can contact me via email at:

d3cyclone@gmail.com

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