COLEGIO DISTRITAL SILVERIA ESPINOSA DE RENDON

TENTH COURSE THIRD TERM MODULE ONE.

TEACHER: Ludhin Montañez

NAME: COURSE:

Eating healthy foods may lower depression risk

By Agata Blaszczak Boxe Published September 21, 2015

Following a diet rich in produce and low in processed meats even if you don't do it
perfectly may be helpful in preventing depression, according to a large new study.

To lower the risk of depression, "People can eat everything, but everything in
moderation," as long as they try to eat lots of vegetables, fruits, nuts and fish, and
avoid fast food and processed meats, said study author Almudena Sanchez-
Villegas of the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

At the start of the study, researchers asked 15,000 Spanish university graduates who had never had
depression what they normally ate. Then they asked them again, 10 years later.

The researchers looked at how closely the participants' everyday diets adhered to three healthy diet patterns
that involved consuming high amounts of fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts and fish, and avoiding processed
meats. These principles are part of the Mediterranean diet and other healthy diets.

After 8.5 years, 1,550 people in the study reported being diagnosed with depression or using antidepressant
drugs.

The researchers found that the people in the study who stuck to the healthy patterns to a moderate or a high
extent had a lower risk of depression than those who did not follow these diets at all, or who adhered to them
to a low degree.

For example, the risk of depression over the study period for the people who moderately adhered to the
Mediterranean diet was about 25 to 30 percent lower than for those who did not adhere to the diet at all, or
who adhered to it only to a very small extent, the researchers found. [7 Ways to Recognize Depression in 20-
Somethings]

"Even a moderate adherence to these healthy dietary patterns was associated with an important reduction in
the risk of developing depression," Sanchez-Villegas told Live Science.

Moreover, the researchers saw no extra benefit for depression risk when participants followed the diets very
closely, compared with moderate adherence, she said.

The researchers don't know for sure what may explain the link between these dietary patterns and people's
risk of depression. However, one potential mechanism is that people who follow these patterns may have a
lower risk of depression because they get adequate levels of some micronutrients, such as B vitamins, folate
or zinc all of which are essential to brain health, Sanchez-Villegas said.

Conversely, the people who don’t follow these patterns may have a higher risk of depression because of their
nutrient deficits, she said.

Sanchez-Villegas' previous research, published in 2006 and 2009, also showed a link between following a
Mediterranean diet and a lower risk of depression.

The new study was published Sept. 16 in the journal BMC Medicine.

Copyright 2015 LiveScience, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved.

PART I. According to the previous text, answer the following comprehension questions/statements:

1. The statement "People can eat everything, but everything in moderation," can be interpreted in the next way:

a) Individuals cannot eat everything they want. They have to eat all in moderated portions.

b) You can eat all you want but in reasonable portions.

c) You can have a balance between eating all you desire and moderating the junk food you eat.

2. Which of the following foods do not take part of the principles of Mediterranean and other healthy diets?

a) Processed meats

b) Nuts and fish

c) Vegetables and legumes

3. We can interpret the statement "Even a moderate adherence to these healthy dietary patterns was
associated with an important reduction in the risk of developing depression," by Mr. Sanchez-Villegas in the
following manner:

a) If you follow the healthy dietary habit patterns in a reasonable way, the possibility of depression may be
reduced.

b) Adhering to healthy dietary habits cannot reduce depression at all.

c) Depression is associated with unhealthy dietary habits.

4. At the very beginning of the study, researchers interviewed university graduates. How long did it take for
them to be part of the study once again?

a) A decade-long.

b) A period of 8.5 years.

c) It is not mentioned.

5. Who’s the author of this news article?

a) Agata Blaszczak Boxe

b) A person who works for LiveScience

c) Almudena Sanchez-Villegas

PART II. According to the statements given, complete the chart with the appropriate numbers from the text.

Example:

The date when this

newspaper article was 21st/09/2015
published

I. The amount of
graduate students that
took part of the research
study.
II. The years when other
people were diagnosed
with depression.
III. The low percentages
of those who adhered to
the Mediterranean diet.
IV. The years when Mr.
Sanchez-Villegas
published his early
work.
V. The date when a new
study was published on
the journal.

SPEAKING PRACTICE
Dialogue
Dave and Sarah decide to visit an American restaurant.
Waiter: Good afternoon. Table for two?
Dave: Yes, please.
Waiter: Smoking or non-smoking?
Sarah: Non-smoking.
Waiter: Right this way.
They walk to a table. Dave and Sarah sit down and the waiter
gives them menus.
Waiter: I’ll be back in a few minutes to take your order.
After 7 minutes, the waiter returns.
Waiter: Are you ready to order?
Dave: I think so, but can I ask? What is Beef Stroganoff?
Waiter: It’s beef cut into small pieces and served in a sour
cream and white wine sauce.
Dave: Ok, that sounds good. I’ll have that.
Waiter: Excellent. And that comes with your choice of French
fries, fried mushrooms, or rice.
Dave: I’ll have rice.
Waiter: Anything to start?
Dave: I’ll have the French Onion soup.
Waiter. OK. And what can I get you?
Sarah: Is the Spaghetti and Meatballs very large?
Waiter: Yes, it’s a big portion.
Sarah: Oh, I’m not very hungry.
Waiter: Then can I recommend the Chicken with Mushrooms?
That comes with noodles, but it’s not
too big.
Sarah: Ok. I’ll take Chicken and Mushrooms. And a salad to
start.
Waiter: Very good. And what can I get you to drink?
Dave: A Coke, please.
Sarah: I’ll have orange juice.
Waiter: Oh, I’m afraid we’re out of orange juice. But we have
pear, apple, grape, and kiwi-banana.
Sarah: Kiwi-Banana? That sounds interesting. I’ll try that.
Waiter: Excellent. I’ll be back with your drinks in a minute.
Questions
1. What does the waiter ask before seating Dave and Sarah?
2. How do Dave and Sarah say what they want to eat?
3. What do Dave and Sarah order for starters? For their main
meal? To drink?
4. How does the waiter suggest a meal for Sarah?
5. What problems do the diners have?
6. Is the conversation formal or informal?
Discussion
1. What kinds of problems do you have when you go to
the restaurant?
2. Can you think of a time when a restaurant ran out of
something you ordered?
3. Have you ever had very bad customer service?
4. Has the waiter/waitress ever mixed up your order?
5. Overcharged you?
6. Been very rude?
7. Have you every complained to a manager about a
waiter or waitress?
8. Have you ever refused to pay for your meal?
LISTENING PRACTICE
Addictive Food
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4cpdb78pWl4
1). Watch the video and put the words from the box
in the gaps.
hardwired enhancing spoonful bliss
crunch replicate tremendous palatable
taste- receptors proprietary irresistible
vanished
1. There’s science behind that ………………. .
2. The food industry is even researching the
connection between ………………. on your
tongue and the corresponding chemical
reaction in your brain.
3. Here is the process for ……………….
cheese flavor without the cheese.
4. If they can ………………. that chemical
reaction that may happen on your tongue or
an aroma, they can simulate the taste of
something without it being at all real.
5. The food industry is extremely secretive,
competitive and ………………. .
6. When they hit the perfect amounts, they call
it “the ………………. point” for sugar, “the
mouth fill” for fat, “the flavor burst” for salt, -
they know that their products will be
………………. .
7. Scientists agree that these highly
………………. foods can be addictive.
8. it becomes ………………. and it’s very hard
to overcome.
9. Just one ………………. lights up the happy
zones of the brain in clinical trials.
10. And what happens is then that your brain
gets fooled into thinking that calories have
……………….
11. The ………………. amounts of money stand
behind creating tastes and smells that feel
real but in reality are completely artificial.
Now watch it again and answer the questions
1. According to the video, what is the goal of
the food industry?
2. What do food companies rely on in order to
understand how to make food attractive to
us?
3. How long did Michael Moss spend
investigating science beyond processed
food?
 4. What are the starting materials for making a Look at the pictures and complete the sentences:
cheese flavor?

5. What was the former position of Bruce

Bradley?

6. What is his occupation now?

7. What is one of the reasons why he left the
industry?

8. What does Michael Moss compare the

process of writing of his book to?
9. What are the” three pillars” of food
processing industry?
10. Which word does the food industry hate?
11. Which food company did he do
Neuroscience for?
12. Which other part of the body fascinates the
food scientists?
13. What is a “morish” food?
a) There aren´t ___________bananas left.
b) Oh! I've lost _____________earring!
c) I'll have __________hamburguer, please.
d) There are ___________leaves on the ground.
e)There aren´t _________children playing in the
park today.
f) I haven't got ________camcorder, but I'd like to
buy one.
g) Would you like ____________yogurt?
2. Complete the sentences with A/An, Some or
Any

14. What happens when foods have one

overriding flavor? a. There aren´t __________ apples on the table,
but there are ________ in the fridge.
15. How did the crackers without salt taste?
b. Can I have _______ sandwich, please?

c. There aren´t __________ children in the library

COUNTABLE AND right now.
UNCOUNTABLE
NOUNS d. Is there __________ new boy in your class?

A/AN, SOME, ANY e. I think there aren´t _________ bottles of milk.

affirmative interrogative/negative f. There are __________ students in the library

A/AN A/AN right now.

g. Jane swears she has seen _______ elephant in

singular examples: examples: the street!
There's a There isn't a cat on the
cat on the roof. h. Can I have ________ milk, please?
roof. There isn't an orange
There's an on the table. i. I´m afraid there aren´t _______ sweets left.
orange on Is there a cat on the
the table. roof. j. I think there are __________ new books in the
Is there an orange in library.
the fridge?
SOME ANY 3. Change the following sentences into the
negative.
plural examples: examples:
There are There aren't any a.There´s a red notebook on the table.
some oranges on the table.
oranges on Are there any oranges _________________________________________
the table. on the table?
b. There are some sandwiches in my bag.

_________________________________________

c. There´s an apple on the table.

_________________________________________
Underline the correct words from the
2- There is ………lemon in the fridge.
brackets. Then read the dialogue.
Some any a
Megan is in a delicatessen (a shop where you
can buy good quality cheese, bread, meat, 3- Are there ……… potatoes in the basket?
etc.)
Some any a

Megan Hello! I’d like to buy 0 (some/any) of the 4-Is there ……….cheese on the plate?
cold beef, please. It looks nice. How much is it?
Some any a
Man It’s £4.50 for 1 (some/a) kilo. The cooked
prawns are good, too. I don’t normally have 2 5- There isn’t ………bread on the table.
(a lot of/much) prawns, but they’re cheap at the
Some any a
moment.
Megan I’ll have 3 (some/any) beef, please. Six 6- There are……….plums in the bowl
slices will be fine. Have you got 4 (any/many) Some any a
fresh pasta today?
Man Oh dear. We haven’t got 5 (no/much)
pasta today, I’m afraid. I’ve got 6 (some/any) 3 Write much or many
delicious cheese from Wales, though, and 7
(some/a) brown bread from a local farm. 1-Is there ………..flour in the bowl?

Megan The bread looks nice, too. I’d like to 2- There aren’t …………lemons on the plate.
buy 8 (any/ some). Can I have 9 (a/some) loaf,
please? And can I try 10 (much/some) cheese? 3- Are there …………. eggs in the fridge?

Man Of course you can. Is there anything else? 4-There aren’t …………..candies for the kids.
I haven’t got 11 (many/much) eggs today, I’m
afraid - there are only two left. 5-There isn’t ………….. tea in the cup.
Megan Don’t worry. The cheese is fantastic. 6- Is there ………..water in the jug?
I’m sure you sell 12 (a lot of/any) of it. Could
you give me half a kilo, please? 7-There aren’t …………..tomatoes in the fridge
Man Certainly. I’ll give you 13 (a/any) bag to 48-There
Write a isn’t
few or a littlecoke in the bottle
…………
carry everything. Can I give you 14 (an/some)
advice too? Make sure the cheese is warm 1-9-Is
There is …………..flour
there in theinbowl
…………… coffee the bag?
when you eat it. It tastes much better!
2- There are …………..oranges on the plate

3- There are …………..can of coke in the fridge.

4- There is …………… vinegar in the bottle.

5- There is ……………. Orange juice in the jar.

6-There are …………… cookies in the tin.

7- There are …………….. cucumbers in the fridge.

5 Fill in the gaps using any, some , a lot of, much, many

1) There is __________ high school in Florence.

2) He hasn´t got ____________ money.
3) Would you like__________ tea?
4) Mark likes to read. He has got __________ of books.
5) It cost __________ money to travel round the world.
6) I haven´t got ___________time to spend with you.
I´m sorry.
7) Mrs. Milles went to the supermarket to buy
Choose the right option Some, a or any ________ butter but they didn´t have __________ .
8) I´d like __________ cake too.
1- There is …….. Cake on the plate. 9) Mr. Smith wants to buy a new car, but he can´t
because he doesn´t earn that __________ money.
Some any a 10) Their party cost _________ more than they
expected.