In the name of Allah, most Gracious, most Merciful

Preface

For thousands of years, many medical aspects have been a matter of unexplained
phenomena.

A single genius invention has revealed most of these secrets, taking us to the cellular
& sub cellular levels, where we discovered a new world of smart knowledge...
The world of microscopy.

This simple E-Book takes us in a short journey within this world...

In this journey, we will display more than 50 colored labeled microscopic slides in
the respiratory system.

Then we can enjoy solving another 50 MCQ's, provided with an answer guide giving
you a check or cross mark on pressing the box denoting each choice.

I really dedicate this book to all who helped & encouraged me through out the stages
of data collection & Book designing.

I dedicate this work to my family, friends & of course to my teachers since the
primary stage till this moment.

I especially dedicate this book & all the coming parts i.s.A to my colleagues on the
Pioneer scientific forum "www.sciencesway.com",

Where the idea of creating Medical E-Books began & will continue i.s.A.

I would be pleased to receive your comments & suggestions on my e-mail

rm.ebook@gmail.com

Riham Mohye Eldeen

Atlas of Respiratory histology

Conducting Portion

Trachea
Intrapulmonary Bronchus
Bronchiole
Respiratory Portion

Respiratory Bronchiole
Alveolar duct
Alveoli & Alveolar cells
Pneumocyte II
 MCQ Quizzes

Test 1

1.
Which cell is a also called a septal cell?
Clara cell
Type I pneumocyte
Type II pneumocyte
Dust cell
Brush cell

2.
Which cell is a respiratory macrophage?
Kupffer cells
Histiocyte
Dust cell
Langerhans cell
Microglia

3.
Which cell is a type of neuron?
Basal cells
Brush cells
Olfactory cells
Sustentacular cells
All of the above

4.
What cell types are found in the respiratory mucosa?
Ciliated cells
Goblet cells
Basal cells
Brush cells
All of the above

5.
What type of tissue makes up the epiglottis?
Compact bone
Spongy bone
Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Elastic cartilage

6.
What is the smallest airspace of the respiratory tree?
Alveolar duct
Alveoli
Alveolar sac
Respiratory bronchiole
Terminal bronchiole

7.
What type of epithelium lines the trachea?
Simple squamous epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Pseudostratified epithelium

8.
Which structure is part of the conducting portion of the airway?
Bronchi
Alveolar ducts
Alveoli
Alveolar sacs
Respiratory bronchioles

9.
What type of epithelium lines the vestibule?
Simple squamous epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells
Transitional epithelium

10.
Which cartilage of the larynx is made of hyaline cartilage?
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Arytenoid cartilage
Corniculate cartilage
All of the above
 Test 2

1.
What part of the respiratory tree is the functional unit where gas
exchange occurs?
Alveolar duct
Alveoli
Alveolar sac
Respiratory bronchiole
Terminal bronchiole

2.
Which cell type is involved in general sensation of the olfactory
mucosa?
Basal cells
Brush cells
Olfactory cells
Sustentacular cells
All of the above

3.
What type of cells are found in the olfactory mucosa?
Basal cells
Brush cells
Olfactory cells
Sustentacular cells
All of the above

4.
What type of tissue makes up the rings of the trachea?
Compact bone
Spongy bone
Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Elastic cartilage

5.
Which cell is a squamous pulmonary epithelial cell?
Clara cell
Type I pneumocyte
Type II pneumocyte
Dust cell
Brush cell

6.
Which cell is also called an alveolar phagocyte?
Clara cell
Type I pneumocyte
Type II pneumocyte
Dust cell
Brush cell

7.
Which is structure is NOT part of the conducting portion of the
airway?
Bronchi
Larynx
Trachea
Larynx
Respiratory bronchioles

8.
What type of tissue lines the pharynx?
Simple squamous epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells
Both c and d

9.
What is an olfactory cell?
Unipolar neuron
Bipolar neuron
Multipolar neuron
Supporting cell
None of the above

10.
Which type of cartilage is found in the larynx?
Hyaline cartilage
Elastic cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Both a and b
All of the above
 Test 3

1.
What structure is similar to a "bunch of grapes?
Alveolar duct
Alveoli
Alveolar sac
Respiratory bronchiole
Terminal bronchiole

2.
Which cell is found in large numbers in the terminal bronchioles?
Clara cell
Type I pneumocyte
Type II pneumocyte
Dust cell
Brush cell

3.
Which cell type is located at the basal lamina of the olfactory
mucosa?
Basal cells
Brush cells
Olfactory cells
Sustentacular cells
All of the above

4.
Which cell type is most numerous in olfactory mucosa?
Basal cells
Brush cells
Olfactory cells
Sustentacular cells
None of the above

5.
What type of epithelium is found in the respiratory mucosa of man?
Non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells
Simple columnar epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Transitional epithelium

6.
What type of tissue makes up the "Adam's apple"?
Compact bone
Spongy bone
Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Elastic cartilage

7.
What type of tissue forms the alveoli in the lung?
Simple squamous epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Pseudostratified epithelium

8.
What type of tissue lines the paranasal sinuses?
Simple squamous epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells
Transitional epithelium

9.
In which structure does gas exchange NOT occur?
Alveolar duct
Alveoli
Alveolar sac
Respiratory bronchiole
Terminal bronchiole

10.
Which cell secretes surfactant?
Clara cell
Type I pneumocyte
Type II pneumocyte
Dust cell
Brush cell
 Test 4

1.
Which cartilage of the larynx is made of elastic cartilage?
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Arytenoid cartilage
Epiglottis
Corniculate cartilage

2.
Which cell is rarely found in the alveolus?
Clara cell
Type I pneumocyte
Type II pneumocyte
Dust cell
Brush cell

3.
What are the alveolar pores called?
Pores of Luschka
Pores of Descemet
Pores of Mall
Pores of Kohn
Pores of Disse

4.
What is the first portion of the respiratory tree where gas exchange
can occur?
Alveolar duct
Alveoli
Alveolar sac
Respiratory bronchiole
Terminal bronchiole
 Test 5

Identify the organ

Nose, nasal cavity, respiratory segment

nose, nasal cavity, olfactory segment

trachea

lung

Identify a histological feature

olfactory epithelium

alveolus

bronchiole

alveolar duct
Which part of the conductive portion of the respiratory system
resembles the trachea in its histological organisation?

alveolar duct

alveolus

bronchus

bronchiole

Identify the INCORRECT statement

Longitudinal smooth muscle links the tracheal cartilages and allows

the shortening of the trachea during neck movements.

Respiration does not require the presence of mature alveoli.

The tissues lining the conchae function in the conditioning of the air
and olfactation.

Alveolar macrophages are discharged into the pharynx towards the

end of their lifespan.

Identify a cell type

alveolar type I cell

olfactory cell

alveolar type II cell

macrophage
Identify a histological feature

alveolar duct

bronchiole

respiratory epithelium

bronchus

Identify a histological feature

respiratory epithelium

respiratory bronchiole

bronchus

alveolus
Identify the INCORRECT statement

Respiration does not require the presence of mature alveoli.

Alveolar macrophages are discharged into the pharynx towards the

end of their lifespan.

Alveolar sacs continue to be formed during the first two decades of

human life.

Olfactory receptors are located in the membranes of non-motile cilia.

Identify the organ

lung

trachea

nose, nasal cavity, respiratory segment

nose, nasal cavity, olfactory segment

Which part of the conductive portion of the respiratory system is
characterised by the presence of smooth muscle and a ciliated simple
columnar epithelium and the absence of cartilage and glands?

bronchiole

respiratory bronchiole

respiratory epithelium

alveolar duct

Which cell type found in the epithelium of bronchioles is functionally

similar to alveolar type II cells?

macrophage

alveolar type I cell

clara cell

olfactory cell

Identify the CORRECT statement

Alveolar sacs continue to be formed during the first two decades of

human life.

Longitudinal smooth muscle links the tracheal cartilages and allows

the shortening of the trachea during neck movements.

Respiration does not require the presence of mature alveoli.

Ciliated alveolar cells move particulate matter from the alveolar

surface towards the bronchioles.
Identify the CORRECT statement

Ciliated alveolar cells move particulate matter from the alveolar

surface towards the bronchioles.

Pulmonary sufactant increases the alveolar surface tension.

Longitudinal smooth muscle links the tracheal cartilages and allows

the shortening of the trachea during neck movements.

Alveolar macrophages are discharged into the pharynx towards the

end of their lifespan.

Identify a histological feature

alveolar duct

respiratory bronchiole

bronchus

olfactory epithelium

Which cell type is found on (not "in") the respiratory surfaces of the
lung?

alveolar type I cell

alveolar type II cell

olfactory cell

macrophage
Identify a histological feature

alveolar duct

bronchiole

bronchus

alveolus

Identify the organ

Trachea

nasal cavity, olfactory segment

lung

nasal cavity, respiratory segment

‫ل‬
References :

/http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140

http://www.path.uiowa.edu/virtualslidebox/nlm_histology/conte
nt_index_db.html

/http://www.histology-world.com

For more Medical Resources:

www.sciencesway.com

Best Wishes

Dr R.M