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GLOBALIZATION

OF
RELIGION
Bascug, Cagurangan, Dayupay
Game: Guess It
The Globalization of Religion
❏ Religion, or more like culture,
has the most difficult
relationship with globalism.
a. The two are both contrasting beliefs
b. Religious people are less concerned
with wealth
c. Globalist are not worried about heaven
or hell
d. Religion and globalism clash over the
fact that religious evangelization is
a form of globalization.
Realities
❏ The relationship between religion &
globalism is much more complicated.

❏ Religions are the foundations of modern


republics.

- Malaysian government
Religion for and against Globalization
❏ There is hardly a religious movement
today that does not use religion to
oppose “profane” globalization.

❏ Globalization has “freed” communities


from the “constraints of the
nation-state”

❏ Religion seeks to take place of these


broken “traditional ties” to help
communities cope.
Hinduism
Buddhism
Roman Catholicism
Hinduism
Hinduism
❏ Hinduism is the world’s oldest
religion, according to many
scholars, with roots and customs
dating back more than 4,000
years.
❏ Today, with about 900 million
followers, Hinduism is the
third-largest religion behind
Christianity and Islam.
Origins of Hinduism
❏ Most scholars believe Hinduism
started somewhere between 2300
B.C. and 1500 B.C. in the Indus
Valley, near modern-day Pakistan.
❏ Around 1500 B.C., the Indo-Aryan
people migrated to fthe Indus
Valley, and their language and
culture blended with that of the
indigenous people living in the
region
Origins of Hinduism
❏ The period when the Vedas were
composed became known as the
“Vedic Period” and lasted from
about 1500 B.C. to 500 B.C.
❏ The Epic, Puranic and Classic
Periods took place between 500
B.C. and 500 A.D. Hindus began to
emphasize the worship of deities,
especially Vishnu, Shiva and
Devi.
Hindu Gods
Brahma Vishnu Shiva
the god responsible the god that the god that
for the creation of preserves and destroys the
the world and all protects the universe in order
living things universe to recreate it
Devi Krishna Lakshmi
the goddess the god of the goddess of
that fights to compassion, wealth and purity
restore dharma tenderness and love
Hinduism Holy Books
❏ The primary sacred texts, known
as the Vedas, were composed
around 1500 B.C.

❏ The Vedas are made up of:


1. The Rig Veda
2. The Samaveda
3. Yujurveda
4. Atharvaveda
Hinduism Beliefs
❏ Hinduism embraces many religious
ideas
❏ Most forms of Hinduism are
henotheistic, which means they
worship a single deity, known as
“Brahman,” but still recognize
other gods and goddesses.
❏ Hindus strive to achieve dharma,
which is a code of living that
emphasizes good conduct and
morality.
Hinduism Beliefs
❏ Hinduism is closely related to
other Indian religions, including
Buddhism, Sikhism and Jainism.
❏ Hindus revere all living
creatures and consider the cow a
sacred animal.
Buddhism
Origins of Buddhism
❏ Buddhism began in India in the sixth
century B.C.E as another interpretation of
Hindu Dharma.

- it rejected the authority of the Vedas


& offered liberation from the endless cycle
of samsara

- founder proposed a “middle way” between


worldliness & extreme asceticism.
Life of Siddhartha Gautama
❏ “The Buddha”,“Enlightened One”

Siddhartha “one who has


achieved (this) goal”

❏ Born in 563 B.C.E in a forest


in Northern India.

❏ Son of Suddhodana
Founder of Buddhism

❏ Born into a wealthy family


as a prince in present-day
Nepal.

❏ He gave up his lavish


lifestyle and endured
poverty.
Founder of Buddhism

❏ He promoted the idea of the


“Middle Way,” which means
existing between two extremes.

❏ He sought a life without social


indulgences but also without
deprivation.
Founder of Buddhism
❏ He sought a life without social
indulgences but also without
deprivation.

❏ After 6 years, Gautama found


enlightenment while meditating under
a Bodhi tree.

❏ Spent his life teaching others how


to achieve this spiritual state.
“Tree of Awakening”

Associated with the


path to enlightenment
Founder of Buddhism

❏ The Buddha died in 483 B.C.E. at age


80 after eating spoiled pork curry.

❏ His last words: “Subject to decay


are all component things. Strive
earnestly to work out your own
salvation.”
History of Buddhism

❏ After he died, his followers


organized a religious movement.

❏ Buddha’s teachings = foundation

❏ In the 3rd century B.C, Ashoka the


Great, made Buddhism the state
religion of India.
Dharma
❏ Buddha’s teachings

❏ He taught that wisdom, kindness,


patience, generosity & compassion
are important virtues.
Dharma
All buddhists live by 5 moral
precepts which prohibit:
❏ Killing living things
❏ Taking what is not given
❏ Sexual misconduct
❏ Lying
❏ Using drugs or alcohol
PROBLEM:
Four Noble Truths
❏ The truth of suffering (dukkha)

❏ The truth of the cause of suffering (samudaya)

❏ The truth of the end of suffering (nirhodha)

❏ The truth of the path that frees us from


suffering (magga)
Eightfold Path

❏ Right understanding (Samma ditthi)


❏ Right thought (Samma sankappa)
❏ Right speech (Samma vaca)
❏ Right action (Samma kammanta)
❏ Right livelihood (Samma ajiva)
❏ Right effort (Samma vayama)
❏ Right mindfulness (Samma sati)
Buddhist Holy Books

❏ Tripitaka - known as “three baskets” ; earliest


collection of Buddhist writings.

❏ Sutras - There are more than 2,000 sutras,


sacred teachings embraced by Mahayana Buddhists.
Types of Buddhism

❏ Theravada Buddhism - prevalent in


Thailand, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Laos
and Burma

❏ Mahayana Buddhism - prevalent in


China, Japan, Taiwan, Korea,
Singapore and Vietnam.
Theravada Buddhism
❏ Believes that its doctrine is more
faithful to the original teachings of
the Buddha.

❏ Ideal Theravada Buddhist = monk who


shaves his head, wears a saffron
robe, carries a begging bowl, lives
within the sangha & seeks Nirvana by
acts of self denial & meditation on
the Tripitaka.
Wat in Thailand Vihara in Sri Lanka
Mahayana Buddhism
❏ Believes that there’s much more
beyond the Buddha’s teachings in the
Tripitaka.

❏ Opposes the belief of Theravada


Buddhism - that only a chosen few can
attain enlightenment.

❏ Larger & liberal


Roman
Catholicism
Roman Catholicism
● A Christian church that has been the decisive spiritual
force in the history of Western civilization.
● It contends that its origin is the death, resurrection,
and ascension of Jesus Christ in approximately AD 30.
● It proclaims itself to be the church that Jesus Christ
died for, the church that was established and built by
the apostles.
Beginnings and Influences
❖ Jesus chose apostles and began his public ministry, continuing on after his
passion and ascension under the leadership of the Apostle Peter and his
successors.
❖ Jesus declared that he was the fulfillment of the precepts of Judaism.
❖ To explain the mission of the Church as both a visible sign of the Kingdom of
God and the path of salvation for all humanity.
Jesus Christ: Son of God
● He is the Son of God but was born to a faithful woman named
Mary.
● At age 12, He was found “in the temple, sitting in the midst of the
doctors, both hearing them, and asking them questions. And all
that heard him were astonished at his understanding and answers”
(Luke 2:46-47).
● At age 30, He was baptized by His cousin, John the Baptist, in the
Jordan River.
● Jesus healed the sick, gave sight to the blind, and even brought
the dead back to life. More importantly, He forgave people of their
sins.t
Jesus Christ: Son of God
● He was arrested then crucified, in order to fulfill God’s will. “I lay
down my life,” the Lord said, “that I might take it again. No man
taketh it from me, but I lay it down of myself. I have power to lay it
down, and I have power to take it again” (John 10:17-18).
● Three days after His death, Jesus rose from the tomb—and the
resurrected Lord soon appeared to His friends and followers.
The Vatican: Seat of Roman Catholicism
Vatican City
● It is an important place of pilgrimage for Roman Catholics
since it is the home of the Pope, the spiritual head of the
Roman Catholic Church.
● It is an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchical state ruled
by the pope who is the bishop of Rome and head of the
Catholic Church.
● Located in Rome, the capital city of Italy.
● It is an Independent city-state
The Ten Commandments
1. You shall have no other gods before Me.
2. You shall make no idols.
3. You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain.
4. Keep the Sabbath day holy.
5. Honor your father and your mother.
6. You shall not murder.
7. You shall not commit adultery.
8. You shall not steal.
9. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
10. You shall not covet.
The Holy Bible
● Old Testament - 46 Books
○ Torah : Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy
○ Historical : Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1 Samuel, 2 Samuel, 1 Kings, 2 Kings, 1 Chronicles, 2 Chronicles, Ezra,
Nehemiah, Tobit, Judith, Esther, 1 Maccabees, 2 Maccabees
○ Wisdom: Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach
○ Prophetic : Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Baruch, Ezekiel, Daniel, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah,
Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi
● New Testament - 27 Books
○ The Gospels : Matthew, Mark, Luke, John
○ Historical : Acts
○ Pauline Epistles : Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1
Thessalonians, 2 Thessalonians, 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon, Hebrews
○ General Epistles : James, 1 Peter, 2 Peter, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, Jude
○ Revelation

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