Introduction:

Managing is necessary wherever one needs to get things done. It may be called the
practice of consciously and continually shaping organizations. Each and every
organization has people who are entrusted with the responsibility of helping the
organization achieve its goals. Those people are called mangers .No organizations
can carry on its business without management, which is turn supervised by
managers.

Management is essential to ensure the co-ordination of individual efforts within an

organization. It is exciting because it deals with setting, seeking and reaching
objectives of an organization. Each and every one of us is a manger and the
practice of management is found in every facet of human endeavour educational
institutions, business, government or non-government organization, associations,
mosques and families. Whatever may be the type of organization, the managerial
hurdles to overcome for setting and achieving objectives are surprisingly similar
for all organizations.

Managing is universal. Every group effort setting objectives, making plans,

handling people, co-ordinating and controlling activities, achieving goals and
evaluating performance directed towards organizational goals. These activities
relate to the utilisation of four types of inputs or resources from the environment—
human, financial, physical, and informational. Human resources include
managerial talent, skill, motivation etc. Monetary resources include are the
financial capital the organization uses to finance both ongoing and long term
operations. Physical resource included building, raw materials, office and
production facilities and equipments. Information resources are data and other
kinds of information utilised by the organization. The job of the manager is to
combine and co-ordinate these resources to achieve the organizations goals.

Definition of Management

Management has been defined by various authors/ authorities in various ways. So,
the definitions of management are numerous. Most of them have merit and
highlight important aspects of management. A few often-quoted definitions are- :

“Management is a distinct process consisting of activities of planning, actuating

and controlling, performed to determine and accomplish stated objectives with the
use of human beings and other resources.”

“Management is the process of planning, organising, leading, and controlling the

work of organizations human, financial, physical, and informational resources to
achieve organizational goals in an efficient and effective manner.”
Project Report
The Grameen Bank is a microfinance organization and community development
bank started in Bangladesh that makes small loans (known as microcredit or
"grameencredit”) to the impoverished without requiring collateral. The word
"Grameen" is derived from the word "gram" and means "rural" or "village" in
Bangla language. The system of this bank is based on the idea that the poor have
skills that are under-utilized. A group-based credit approach is applied which
utilizes the peer-pressure within the group to ensure the borrowers follow through
and use caution in conducting their financial affairs with strict discipline, ensuring
repayment eventually and allowing the borrowers to develop good credit standing.
The bank also accepts deposits, provides other services, and runs several
development-oriented businesses including fabric, telephone and energy
companies. Another distinctive feature of the bank's credit program is that a
significant majority of its borrowers are women.

Operational statistics of Grameen Bank:

One unusual feature of the Grameen Bank is that it is owned by the poor borrowers
of the bank, most of whom are women. Of the total equity of the bank, the
borrowers own 94%, and the remaining 6% is owned by the Government of
Bangladesh.The bank has grown significantly between 2003-2007. As of October
2007, the total borrowers of the bank number 7.34 million, and 97% of those are
women.The number of borrowers has more than doubled since 2003, when the
bank had only 3.12 million members. Similar growth can be observed in the
number of villages covered. As of October 2007, the Bank has a staff of over
24,703 employees and 2,468 branches covering 80,257 villages, up from 43,681
villages covered in 2003.Since its inception, the bank has distributed Tk 347.75
billion ( SD 6.55 billion) in loans. Out of this, Tk 313.11 billion (USD 5.87 billion)
has been repaid. The bank claims a loan recovery rate of 98.35%, up from the 95%
recovery rate claimed in 1998. The Wall Street Journal, in November, 2001,
published an article expressing doubt about the 95% recovery rate from 1996 and
the accounting practices that Grameen used to determine this rate.

Every organization has to follow management process. Following management

process organization has to run. The Grameen Bank is a microfinance organization
and community development bank started in Bangladesh that makes small loans
(known as microcredit or "grameencredit" to the impoverished without requiring
collateral. The word "Grameen" is derived from the word "gram" and means
"rural" or "village" in Bangla language. The system of this bank is based on the
idea that the poor have skills that are under-utilized.
These are the one of model of management process that describe below
organization should follow.

Management process:
A process is a systematic way of doing things. We refer management as a process
to emphasise that all managers, irrespective their attitude and skill, engage in some
inter-related functions in order achieve their desired goals. The functions that
comprise the process of management are show bellow:

a) Planning: planning may be defined as making decisions in advance as to what is

to be done in the future. Planning helps maintain managerial effectiveness by
guiding future actives. Planning may be defined as making decision in advance as
to what is to be done in the future. It is a
future course of action. It implies that managers think through their goals as an
action in advance and their actions
are based on some method, plan or logic rather than on hunch. Plans give the
organization its objectives and set
up the best procedures for reaching them.

b) Organising: organizing includes arranging and distributing work, authority and

resources among the members of the organization in order to accomplish the goals
best. Once a manger has developed a work plan, the next phase of management is
to organise the people and
other resources necessary to carry out the plan. Organizing may be referred to as
the process of arranging and
allocating work, authority, and resources among organizations members so that
they can achieve the organizations
goals. In fact organization involves work distribution which is guided by
considerations for such things as
component activities - the members of the group, and the physical facilities
available. These component activities
are so grouped and assigned that minimum expenditure or maximum employee
work satisfaction is attained.

c) Leading: leading allows all the members working in the organization into an
intimate relationship. Leading is an important job of the manager. It involves
directing, influencing and motivating employees
to perform essential task. To lead these people it contributes to organization and
group goals constitutes an essential
function of the manager. In fact the manager has to get on intimate terms with
them if he wants to lead them
successfully. The manager leads in an attempt to persuade others to join them in
purist of the future that emerges
from the planning and organizing steps. By establishing the proper atmosphere,
managers help their employees do
their best.

d) Controlling: controlling involves measuring performance against goals and

plans and helping correct deviations from standards. The final phase of the
management process is contolling.As the organization moves toward its goals,
management must monitor its progress. It musts make sure that events confirm to
plans.Contolling involves measuring
performances against goals and plans and helping correct deviations from
standards. As a matter of fact controlling
facilitates the accomplishment of plans. Although planning must precede
controlling, plans are not self-achieving;
they guide the manager in the use of resources to accomplish specific goals.
Activities are evaluated to determine
whether they confirm t the plans.

e) Staffing: staffing is efficient and effective deployment of manpower across the

organization. Staffing is related to organising and it involves filling keeping filled,
the positions in the
organizer structure. This can be done by determining the positions to be filled,
identifying the requirement of
manpowe, filling the vacancies and training employs so that the assigned tasks are
accomplished effectively
and efficiently. The managerial function of promotion, demotion, discharge,
dismissal, transfer etc is also included
with the broad task "Staffing”. Staffing is important because it ensures right person
at right place.
Mental revolution and Taylors scientific management principles:
1) Replacing rules of thumb with organized knowledge
2) Obtaining harmony in the group action, rather than discord.
3) Achieving co-operation of human being, rather than chaotic individualism.
4) Working for maximum output, rather than restricted output
5) Developing all workers to fullest extent possible for their own and their
companies highest prosperity.
The origin of Grameen Bank can be traced back to 1976 when Professor
Muhammad Yunus, Head of the Rural Economics Program at the University of
Chittagong, launched an action research project to examine the possibility of
designing a credit delivery system to provide banking services targeted at the rural
poor. The Grameen Bank Project (Grameen means "rural" or "village" in Bangla
language) came into operation with the following objectives. Then Professor
Muhammad Yunus established Grameen Bank.

Professor Muhammad Yunus also follow all management process when he decide
to established this bank . At first he make a plan and make sure the vision and
mission of his bank .
(What was his plan about GB before start )
(Mission )
(Vision )
Method of Action
The Grameen Bank's Method of action can be illustrated by the following
principles

Start with the problem rather than the solution: a credit system must be based on a
survey of the social background rather than on a pre-established banking
technique.

2. Adopt a progressive attitude: development is a long-term process which depends

on the aspirations and committment of the economic operators.

3. Make sure that the credit system serves the poor, and not vice-versa: credit
officers visit the villages, enabling them to get to know the borrowers.

4. Establish priorities for action vis-a-vis to the target population: serve the most
poverty-stricken people needing investment resources, who have no access to
credit.

5. At the begining, restrict credit to income-generating production operations,

freely selected by the borrower. Make it possible for the borrower to be able to
repay the loan.

6. Lean on solidarity groups: small informal groups consisting of co-opted

members coming from the same background and trusting each other.

7. Associate savings with credit without it being necessarily a prerequisite.

8. Combine close monitoring of borrowers with procedures which are simple and
standardised as possible.

9. Do everything possible to ensure the system's financial balance.

10. Invest in human resources: training leaders will provide them with real
development ethics based on rigour, creativity, understanding and respect for the
rural environment.

Also Professor Muhammad Yunus make 16 decision that are

16 Decisions
1. We shall follow and advance the four principles of Grameen Bank: Discipline,
Unity, Courage and Hard work – in all walks of our lives.
2. Prosperity we shall bring to our families.
3. We shall not live in dilapidated houses. We shall repair our houses and work
towards constructing new houses at the earliest.
4. We shall grow vegetables all the year round. We shall eat plenty of them and
sell the surplus.
5. During the plantation seasons, we shall plant as many seedlings as possible.
6. We shall plan to keep our families small. We shall minimize our expenditures.
We shall look after our health.
7. We shall educate our children and ensure that they can earn to pay for their
education.
8. We shall always keep our children and the environment clean.
9. We shall build and use pit-latrines.
10. We shall drink water from tubewells. If it is not available, we shall boil water
or use alum.
11. We shall not take any dowry at our sons' weddings, neither shall we give any
dowry at our daughter's wedding. We shall keep our centre free from the curse of
dowry. We shall not practice child marriage.
12. We shall not inflict any injustice on anyone, neither shall we allow anyone to
do so.
13. We shall collectively undertake bigger investments for higher incomes.
14. We shall always be ready to help each other. If anyone is in difficulty, we shall
all help him or her.
15. If we come to know of any breach of discipline in any centre, we shall all go
there and help restore discipline.
16. We shall take part in all social activities collectively.

Professor Muhammad Yunus Organising his bank with 24,703 (Oct 2007)
employees
And he arranging and distributing work, authority and resources among the
members of the organization in order to accomplish the goals best like that
……………..

Leading is one of the important part of management process. Success of a

company or organization depend on proper leading.

Every organization need to Control. To ensure the success of organization

management apply controlling process of management. GB become a successful
bank by doing controlling properly

Staffing is applying properly in Graemmen Bank. Yunus doing efficiently and

efficiently deploying manpower across the organization.

Managerial skills are the ability to use knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes to
perform a task. In addition to fulfilling numerous roles, managers also need a
number of specific skills to succeed. One classic study of managers identified three
important types of managerial skills: technical, interpersonal or human, conceptual.
Diagnostic skill and analyzing skill are also prerequisites to managerial success.

We are discussing about some of import managerial skill below:

Managerial skills:
Robert L. Katz, a teacher nad business executive , has popularised a concept
developed early in this century by Henry Fayol, a famous management theorist and
father of modern management .Fayol identified three basic skills – Technical skill,
human skill, conceptual skill.
Technical skill: technical skill are those involved in making a product or providing
a service. It is especially important for first line manager.
Human skill: The ability to communicate with , understand and motivate both
individual and groups. It is important t for managers at all levels, is especially
important for mid-level mangers.
Conceptual skill: the mangers ability to organise and integrate information to better
understand the organization as a whole. It is mostly needed at the top level manger.

We should say that Professor Muhammad Yunus successful manager of Grameen

Bank. He has all ability to manage this organization. For his creativity he got
Nobel Prize for Grameen Bank. As a top level manager Dr. Yunus has conceptual
skill. And we know that conceptual is especially important for top level manager.
And Dr. Yunus is founder and chairman of Grameen Bank.

Learning outcomes :
Upon completion of the assignment we will be able to
a. Achieve a clear idea about management and management system.
b. apply the general concepts of relationship management with customer,
supplier, competitor, and employee in order to build, maintain, and grow
networks and relationships with individuals and organizations;
c. develop a customer relationship management program for sales and
marketing;
d. Develop a supplier relationship management program for procurement.
e. Develop the managerial skill that manager have to have .
References :
1. Dr. Yunus statement for Grameen Bank.
2. S. Kamanl uddin’s statement for Grameen Bank
Book reference :
 a. Ricky W. Griffin, management ( Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1984
b. Terry and Franklin, 1997, op.ct.,
c. George R. Terry and Stefhen G. Franklin, principles of management ( Delhi:
A.I.T.B.S, 1997)
d. Wikipedia of Grameen Bank and related websites.

Research :
Maximum management system data are collected from some of management
books. And the other data are collected from internet, wikipeadia of grameen bank
and other data related websites. When I started research I faces lots of problem.
Because the all data are not available in internet.
Objectives of the study
This subject provides us with
1. the ability to model different types of relationships in management process.
2. the knowledge to design and develop a relationship program with the customer
and the supplier, to enable them to prioritize their responsibilities and efforts
in processing within the logistics operation;
3. the strategy in relationship management so the company can effectively utilize
the tools, techniques, and measures used to develop, monitor, and control
performance in the management system.
Bibliography :
1. joseph L.Massie, essential of management ( Delhi : prentice Hall of India,
1997)
2. Dr. Yunus statement for Grameen Bank.
3. Stoner, op.cit., p-12
4. Ibid., p-12
5. S. Kamanl uddin’s statement for Grameen Bank

REQUIREMENTS :