A.P. U.S.

History
Chapter 9
Key Terms
 Term: Identification: drafted in 1777[1] by Thomas Jefferson in the city of Fredericksburg,
Virginia Statute Virginia. In 1786, the Virginia General Assembly enacted the statute into the state's
for Religious law.
Freedom
Page: Significance: The Statute for Religious Freedom is one of only three
accomplishments Jefferson instructed be put in his epitaph.[2] It supported
separation of church and state, and freedom of conscience.
Term: Identification: the cultivation of habits of personal living that are claimed to be
Civic Virtue and important for the success of the community. Concept related to women's roles as
Republican mothers in the emerging United States before, during, and after the American
Motherhood Revolution (c. 1760 to 1800). It centered on the belief that children should be raised
to uphold the ideals of republicanism
Page: Significance: Promoted civil consciousness in how they should regard their
government and the society in which they reside.
Term: Identification: met in order to consider changes to the Massachusetts Constitution.
Mass. This was the third such convention in Massachusetts history;
constitutional
convention
Page: Significance: the first, in 1779–80, had drawn up the original document, while the
second, in 1820-21, submitted the first nine articles of amendment to a popular vote
where all were approved
Term: Identification: the establishment of many state’s proclamation of their basic
new state principles in the writing on the US constitution.
constitutions
Page: Significance: Set precedent for the values upon which the national constitution was
written and divided contribution across a wide span of colonies.
Term: Identification: to make or produce by hand or machinery, esp. on a large scale.
manufacturing
Page: Significance: was a prominent progression in this era where manufacturing became
amajor means of income and livelihood for many colonists.
Term: Identification: The first "constitution" governing the Untied States after the
Articles of Revolution; it was ratified in 1781 and it provided for a "firm league of friendship;"
Confederation the legislative branch (Congress) had no power to regulate commerce or forcibly
collect taxes and there was no national executive or judicial branch;
Page: Significance: it was an important stepping-stone towards the present constitution
because without it the states would never have consented to the Constitution.
Term: Identification: after appointing a committee to prepare a draft of the Declaration of
Congress under Independence, the Second Continental Congress resolved to appoint a committee of
the Articles thirteen to prepare a draft of a constitution for a confederate type of union.
Page: Significance: last draft of the Articles was written in the summer of 1777 and the
Second Continental Congress approved them for ratification by the States on
November 15, 1777, after a year of debate
Term: Identification: red letter law which stated that disputed land the Old Northwest was
Land Ordinance to be equally divided into townships and sold for federal income;
of 1785
Page: Significance: promoted education and ended confusing legal disagreements over
land. Ended social conflicts in this fragile time of absolute freedom.
Term: Identification: Northwest Ordinance took place in 1787. They said that sections of
Northwest land were similar to colonies for a while, and under the control of the Federal
Ordinance of Government. Once a territory was inhabited by 60,000 then congress would admit it
1787 as a state
Page: Significance: original thirteen colonies were charters. Slavery was prohibited in
these Northwest Territories. This plan worked so good it became the model for other
frontier areas.
Term: Identification: essentially a list of complaints that the Americans stated in the
Grievances declaration of independence in through which they expressed their frustrations with
against Britain Britain.
Page: Significance: Signified succession and outrage with British tyranny which also
enraged the kind of Britain and led to the proclamation of war.
Term: Identification: a process by which an authoritative or formal demand for something
requisition to be done, given, supplied, etc.: The general issued a requisition to the
system townspeople for eight trucks.
Page: Significance: Empowered citizens to directly seek assistance from their government
and exercise their rights guaranteed to them under republicanism.
Term: Identification: 1786- Led by Captain Daniel Shays, Revolutionary war veteran. An
Shays’s Rebellion uprising that flared up in western Massachusetts. Impoverished backcountry
 Term: Identification: the Articles were not officially ratified until 1781 (Maryland refused to
Conditions under ratify because of a territorial dispute), they served as the de facto constitution until
the Confederation that time.
Page: Significance: Under the authority of the Articles, the states created a national
Congress comprised of annually elected delegates from all thirteen states.
Term: Identification: meeting at Annapolis, Maryland of 12 delegates from five states (New
Annapolis Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Virginia) that called for a
convention constitutional convention. The formal title of the meeting was a Meeting of
Commissioners to Remedy Defects of the Federal Government
Page: Significance: defects that they were to remedy were those barriers that limited
trade or commerce between the largely independent states under the Articles of
Confederation.
Term: Identification: took place from May 25 to September 17, 1787, in Philadelphia,
Constitutional Pennsylvania, to address problems in governing the United States of America, which
Convention had been operating under the Articles of Confederation following independence from
Great Britain.

Page: Significance: Although the Convention was purportedly intended only to revise the
Articles of Confederation, the intention from the outset of many of its proponents,
chief among them James Madison and Alexander Hamilton, was to create a new
government rather than fix the existing one.
Term: Identification: plan purposed by Virginia to set up a bi-cameral congress based on
VA and NJ plans population, giving the larger states an advantage.
Page: Significance: It was first written as a framework for the constitution. Set precedent
of further development of our nation’s constitution.
Term: Identification: 1787; This compromise was between the large and small states of the
Great colonies. The Great Compromise resolved that there would be representation by
Compromise population in the House of Representatives, and equal representation would exist in
the Senate
Page: Significance: Each state, regardless of size, would have 2 senators. All tax bills and
revenues would originate in the House. This compromise combined the needs of
both large and small states and formed a fair and sensible resolution to their
problems.
Term: Identification: Electoral College is a group of electors that are elected by the people
Electoral College to elect the President of the United States in every election year. This system was
born along side the U.S. Constitution. This system is a way of speeding up
Presidential elections and is still in force today.
Page: Significance: representatives of each state must reflect the interests of the people
within their respective states during each election. After the people in a state have
voted, the votes are tallied. Whichever candidate has the most votes gets all of that
state's votes in the Electoral College.
Term: Identification: three-fifths compromise was where a black slave was counted as
three-fifths three-fifths of a person when they were counting the population
compromise
Page: Significance: The southern states wanted them counted as one whole person for
more representatives in the House of Representatives. The northern states did not
want them counted at all.
Term: Identification: Suffrage is used to describe not only the legal right to vote, but also
manhood- to the practical question of the opportunity to vote, which is sometimes denied
suffrage those who have a legal right. In the United States, extension of suffrage was part of
democracy Jacksonian democracy.
Page: Significance: Seeded future conflict regarding the right of women to vote as well as
the treatment of slaves when it came to voting.
Term: Identification: is the ideology of governing a nation as a republic, where the head of
two principles of state is appointed by means other than heredity, often elections. The exact meaning
republicanism of republicanism varies depending on the cultural and historical context. The
sometimes contrary definitions are all covered in this article.
Page: Significance: Radicalism emerged in European states in the 19th century. Although
most radical parties later came to be in favor of economic liberalism (capitalism),
thus justifying the absorption of radicalism into the liberal tradition, all 19th century
radicals were in favor of a constitutional republic and universal suffrage
Term: Identification: People against federalists in 1787; disagreed with the Constitution
antifederalists because they believed people's rights were being taken away without a Bill of Rights
Page: Significance: did not agree with annual elections and the non-existence of God in
the government.
Term: Identification: A United States political party consisting of the more respectable