Viticulture Master Plan For Armenia - Final Paper - VA

Viticulture Armenia: A
Comprehensive Master Plan

for the next 15 Years
September 2019
Prepared by:
Viktor Aghajanyan
VITICULTURE MASTER PLAN 1
Executive Summary ................................................................................... 2

Key Factors to Success.............................................................................................................................................2
Major Quantitative Constraint..................................................................................................................................2
Major Qualitative Constraints ..................................................................................................................................2
The Performance of the Armenian Viticulture and Viniculture ........... 4
The Obstacles Armenian Wine Industry Must Overcome .................... 8

Vineyard preparation, viticulture and viniculture ....................................................................................................8
Marketing and Distribution in Foreign Countries ....................................................................................................8
Human Resources & Academia ...............................................................................................................................9
Government ..............................................................................................................................................................9
CSR & Environment ................................................................................................................................................9
Recommendations to issues currently facing wineries and grape

growers...................................................................................................... 10
Vineyard preparation ..............................................................................................................................................10
Wine grapes production (viticulture) .....................................................................................................................10
Wine making (Viniculture) ....................................................................................................................................10
Academia & Human Resources .............................................................................................................................10
Government ............................................................................................................................................................11
Marketing & Distribution in Foreign Countries.....................................................................................................12
CSR & Environment ..............................................................................................................................................13
Wine + Tourism .....................................................................................................................................................13
Quantification of Investments Required to Reach the Objectives ...... 14

Vineyard Territory .................................................................................................................................................14
Reaching the Target ...............................................................................................................................................16
Consumption ..........................................................................................................................................................17
Costs to Establish a Vineyard in Armenia by Provinces........................................................................................17
Costs to Establish a Winery in Armenia ................................................................................................................19
Suggestions on How to Address the Challenges and Strategic

Imperatives Over the Implementation Process ..................................... 20
State Pillar (Policy and Infrastructure) ...................................................................................................................21
Industry Pillar .........................................................................................................................................................22
Education and Research Institutions Pillar ............................................................................................................24
Appendix ................................................................................................... 27
CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

Executive Summary
The aim of the Master Plan is to outline the significant factors that will foster the
development of viticulture and viniculture in Armenia, to identify the circumstances in which
the quality of the produced wine will be considerably improved and in which Armenia could
become one of the leading exporting countries of the grape wine in the region. With future
plans to expand and to grow the Armenian wine industry to over one-billion-dollar industry,
both quantitative and quantitative analysis of the potential opportunities have been prepared.
The report was developed following consultations with industry experts and has been
reviewed for factual accuracy.
Key Factors to Success

• Location of vineyards
• Knowledge and expertise of the workforce
• Sufficient access to financing
• Marketing efforts on the state level
• Quality of the wine
• Distribution channels
Major Quantitative Constraint

• Significant capital investments for expansion of vineyards and wineries
Major Qualitative Constraints

• Labor supply shortage
• Distribution of the water sources
• Limited Vineyard territory
As a result of our detailed examination and assessment of the grape growing and
winemaking in Armenia, the following recommendations have been made to reach the
objectives:
1. Expand the vineyard territory by 21000 HA (with 21% CAGR) with the
subsequent distribution between provinces:
I. Armavir – 10000 HA
II. Artsakh – 5000 HA
III. Vayots Dzor – 3000 HA
IV. Tavush – 2000 HA
V. Ararat – 1000 HA
2. Build 42 big-size and 29 mid-size wineries to produce over 340K tons of wine
grapes and over 260M liters of grape wine with a final sales mix (after 15 years) of
around 90% liters of exports and 10% liters of local consumption.

3. Based on the analysis and calculations, a total investment of about

$967,000,000 (vineyard + winery) is required to reach the objectives. The details can
be found in the section “Quantification of Investments Required to Reach the
Objectives”.
4. Recommend, based on best practices of New Zealand, Australia and Chili, an
agenda and strategic partnerships between and within the state, academia, and
industry which will facilitate the future development of the Armenian wine industry.
I. Academia – the transformer of knowledge.
II. Industry – produce grape wines and scale.
III. Government – provide adequate economic and legal infrastructure.
5. Develop a global "Armenian Wine" national brand at the international level,

develop a shared sense of a common vision to unite the wine industry participants to
represent "Armenian Wine" in the international arena.
The recommendations effectively preserve the new governments’ vision, the academia’s
mission, industry’s ambition, and the commitment to Armenians.

The Performance of the Armenian Viticulture and Viniculture
Grape wine export, in thousand USD

12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
-
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
The volume of grape wine export from Armenia in 2018 and 2017 on average has
doubled when compared to the average export volume from 2012 to 2016. In dollar terms, the
grape wine export reached around 1$0.8 million and $9.4 million in 2017 and 2018
respectively. With the current trend of wine exports during the first 6 months of 2019, the
grape wine export by the end of 2019 is expected to be similar to that of 2018.
Wine export structure by countries 2017 and 2018

6% 8%
9% 13%
5%
9%
80%
70%
2017 2018
RF USA Other EU
Through the last decade, the Russian market continues to hold a dominant position as a
target destination for the grape wine exports from Armenia. Considering the historical trends
of wine export to China, Switzerland, Ukraine and most of the European countries, the export
volume can be much higher with the increase of production volume due to a high correlation
between production and export figures.

The average price of an exported liter of wine is the highest for Japan, Sweden, the US,
Italy, Belgium, Germany, Canada, Argentina, and the UK ranging from $6 to $9.22. The
average price is the lowest for Switzerland, Ukraine, Poland, Georgia, and Kuwait ranging
from $2 to $3.1 per liter.
The weighted average export price per liter of grape wine was $3.88 in 2017 and $3.79 in
2018.
Price fluctuations between the years are conditioned by the difference in types of wines
exported each year, as well as by foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations.
Wine import to Armenia, 2010-2018, in thousand liters
620
552
506
395 394
369 362
277
252
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
After 2011, the grape wine import primarily declined because of the increase in local
production.

Territory of vineyards and grape productivity in Armenia

20.0
18.0
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Territory of vineyards, thousand ha Productivity, tons/ha
The available vineyard territory in 2017 declined by 7% as compared to 2016. After 2015,
the vineyard productivity declined largely. The harvest declined by approximately 42% in
2016-2018, and it was around 179.7 thousand tons in 2018.
Ararat, Armavir, and Tavush Provinces have the highest productivities by respectively
19.8, 15.8 and 8.7 tons of harvest from a hectare of vineyard.
Harvest, 1000 tons
309.2
261.3
241.4 240.8
229.6
210
178.8 179.7
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Average Productivity (tons/ha), 2014-2018
19.8
15.8
8.7
6.9
5.1 4.6
3.5 3.7
Aragatsotn Ararat Armavir Lori Kotayk Syunik Vayots Dzor Tavush
Distribution of Vineyard territories in Armenia by region
Vayots Dzor Tavush Yerevan

8% 1% Aragatsotn
8%
9%
Syunik
1%
Kotayk
1% Ararat
29%
Lori
0%
Armavir
43%
Majority of the vineyards are small farms belonging to individual farmers, but there are
always vineyard expansion and consolidation processes taking place in the industry.
According to various estimates, vineyard territories used for wine production are only 2-3
thousand hectares.

The Obstacles Armenian Wine Industry Must Overcome
Vineyard preparation, viticulture, and viniculture

Physical (i.e. weather) and biological factors (i.e. soil, variety of grapes) together with
viticulture and enological expertise determine the characteristics of a particular wine.
• The choice of terroir is a challenge in limited areas. Few studies are carried out such
as soil surveys, climate studies, land mapping, topographical analysis, water availability to
determine the best terroir in terms of location, weather, topography (i.e., mountains, benches,
lakes) and soil.
• Many vineyard owners do not follow the best practices of land preparation (i.e.,
leveling, subsoiling) and establishment of water-saving irrigation system.
• The choice of grapevine seeds is often poor.
• Soil and water standards are missing, and cultivation standards are often violated.
• Many vineyard owners have to deal with hail storms, humidity, late freezes, etc. with
virtually no technology.
• Few modern vineyard management techniques to deal with disease, weed and plague
control, soil correction.
• No effectives mean to fight Phylloxera.
• No usage of drones and ITs to monitor weather conditions and take preventive
measures in case of natural disasters.
• The dominance of old technologies in many companies to grow and harvest the wine
grapes can be considered a huge weakness.
• Poor quality control and laboratory infrastructure are an obstacle as the harvested
grapes have limited chances to be examined to ensure safety and environmental sustainability
of the vineyards.
• The industry is heavily fragmented. There is a lack of stable and consistent
communication between different busineses and ASAU. Poor relationships between wineries
and individual grape growers are also the case because of the low bargaining power of the
former.
Marketing
• When it comes to marketing, generally a country firstly develops itself as a brand and
then afterward considers entering the market. In case of Armenia, it is just the opposite; the
quality of the wine is high enough but consumers are not dimly aware of it. (McIntyre, The
Washington Post)
• The industry lacks a consistent and comprehensive marketing approach to profile in
the market, attract customers, and scale their businesses through exports.
• Local’s perspective of wine: alcohol vs healthy lifestyle.
• SMEs have limited resources to market and distribute their products in foreign
countries due to:
o Low participation in international exhibitions and representative branches abroad.
o Poor relationship with wholesalers/distributors.
o Wine + Tourism

Human Resources & Academia

• Imminent shortage of enologists and trained winery personnel with customized
approaches.
o Unskilled (permanent or even temporary) workers are hired and trained by wineries to
deal with the wine-making process.
o Weak education and training can be considered as big challenges that restrain the
development of viticulture and winemaking in Armenia.
• The educational curriculum in universities is not based on market requirements.
• A large number of graduates are not employed within their field of specialization.
• Armenian State Agrarian University is mainly responsible for preparing specialists
(around 55 graduates per year) through its Fermentation Technology and Winemaking
program but widely misses to provide proper education.
The Government
• Inadequate water supply system infrastructure that collects, stores, and distributes
water from sources to the end-user.
• No sustainable and comprehensive water distribution system management and water
resource monitoring by the government.
• Losses due to linkages are at their maximum with poor pipeline infrastructure and
high maintenance costs. Often, stagnation of water occurs in pipes.
• Many instances of illegal connections and other ways of water theft.
• Absence of a comprehensive database/map on vineyard areas and conditions, on grape
varieties and yields.
• Poor transport infrastructure creates massive problems in the supply chain, especially
when the grapes or workers are transported from vineyards to wineries. Additionally, it
creates high maintenance costs for trucks and behind schedule deliveries.
• Lack of cooperation with intergovernmental organizations limits the growth of the
industry as the industry does not have access to various country's informational and
methodological databases.
• No full legal framework compliance with European standards on wine quality control
measures.
• No strategical wine international trade body concerned with the nation’s wine exports.
CSR & Environment

• Vineyard and winery owners do not take an active role to protect the environment
around them and become socially responsible to their local communities.
• Well-established wineries do not provide enough support to farmers in terms of
knowledge and infrastructure.
• No CSR reports published annually.

Recommendations to issues currently facing wineries and grape

growers
Vineyard preparation
• It is a key to choose the best terroir considering the climate, soil, and topography of
the location based on the circumstances. Afterward, vineyard design and layout based on the
experts' advice have to be set out. Additionally, vine locations mapping should be
implemented.
• All types of vineyard development services have to be carried out, either in-house or
outsourced. These include soil mapping, analysis, and preparation to figure out if the soil is
suitable for planting. Climate studies, soil surveys, topographical analysis, and water
availability studies need to be implemented. Work with nurseries on the selection of variety,
clone and rootstock combinations is also essential (grapevines seeds with armatakal is
considered the best practice in most cases).
Wine grapes production (viticulture)

• Design and implementation of vineyard management services (VMS) using
technology (i.e., IT, AI) to regulate certain conditions which influence properties of a grape.
For example: collecting leaf samples and soil samples to examine any deficiencies and take
preventive measures.
• Additionally, VMS will give the benefit of disease control, frost control, soil
correction, weed control, etc.
• Install an optimized vineyard irrigation system that best suits the vineyard structure.
The vineyard owners can choose from flood, sprinkler, and drip irrigation systems.
• Monitoring irrigation systems, for example, setting out schedules on the amounts of
water needed and appropriate timings will also be beneficial. Real-time measurements always
help to understand vine needs.
• Additionally, to reduce vines irrigation requirements, maximizing green water use is
highly recommended through agronomic practices.
• Usage of agrometeorological stations with multi-parameter weather sensors to
monitor the weather.
Winemaking (Viniculture)
• Extensive laboratory analysis should be performed throughout the wine production processes.
• Quality control procedures should be performed to comply with public sanitary standards,
private standards, and other appropriate methods.
• Management of liquid industrial waste.
Academia & Human Resources
• Work & Study parallel program will prepare students to market requirements

• To study or intern in various Armenian wine regions will largely prepare and motivate
students for future employment in the field (i.e., the model of Viticulture and Enology Major
at Cornell CALS may be implemented).
• A proposed curriculum of viticulture and enology programs in a typical US-based
university will include the following courses:
o Wine production (general processes from vineyard to bottle), wine microbiology
(physiology, yeast development, fermentation, and bacteria) sensory evaluation
(evaluate wine using the senses of sight, smell, taste, and mouthfeel) disease and pest
management, wine technology (sprayers, cleaning equipment, grape processing
equipment, and other tools to use in a vineyard or fermentation system).
The Government
In order to effectively manage the available water resources, the policymakers and the RA
Ministry of Agriculture, along with concerned parties, must develop a comprehensive
strategy for improvement over time:
• Analyze current water planning, allocation, and distribution systems to identify
strengths, weaknesses, and limitations.
• Design, following extensive consultations with experts, a focused strategy/plan to
improve water supply management systems (WaterGuide Australia could serve an example)
o Some of the examples of distribution network layouts are: Grid, Ring, Radial and
Dead End Systems
• Identify policies and portfolio of investments that are required to achieve short (6-12
months), medium (1-3 years) and long term plans (3-10 years)
• Implement the policies and strategies, and install and maintain the technologies to
adequately meet the requirements.
• Consistent water supply management improvements through policies and technology
use.
• Water use by regions has to be consistently monitored by the relevant agency.
• Additionally, design and implement water-saving irrigation (WSI) mechanisms,
which will save and efficiently supply the irrigation water to the end-user.
• Introduce water consumption permit systems and restriction of cultivation of high
water-consuming and low-quality crops.
• Reconciliation Armenian legislation to the European Union standards and Eurasian
Union standards.
• Cooperation with inter-governmental organizations on technical and scientific aspects
of viticulture and winemaking.
• Develop a body for the development of international wine trade.
• Adopt regulations on implementing quality schemes for vineyard planting and
management (i.e., require armatakal). The state may only provide farmers financial support
for the expansion of vineyards or replantation, irrigation, technology only when the
recommended varieties are planted.
• Design a comprehensive map showing Armenia’s winegrowing regions by grape
varieties.

• Improve the quality of the transport infrastructure, the quality of telecommunications

and internet services in provinces, and provide infrastructure for the development of regional
industrial estates.
Marketing
• Cooperation with Armenian Marketing Association. The association prepares annual

Armenian Export Catalog and conducts several pieces of training, including those of market
research or entry strategy. As per the Government's order, the association can cooperate with
the Vine and Wine Foundation and prepare annual market analysis report for the prospective
countries for wine export. The data could include the list of top countries importing wine
(example: US ($6.5 billion), UK ($4.4 billion), Germany ($3.1 billion), China ($2.9 billion)
and Canada ($2 billion)). The wine markets that have grown the fastest since 2014, either
driven by investments or consumption were: China (up 88%), Hong Kong (up 41.2%), France
(up 36.2%) and United States (up 15.3%). The association could prepare annual market
analysis, including the information stated above and further details on how specifically the
country can support its producer.
• Cooperation and Membership in Vine and Wine Foundation of Armenia. Founded in
2016, the foundation aims to support the development of the industry in the country –
including boosting the export volume of the local production. Cooperation with the
foundation could help the local brands represent their products in the international arena
under the national brand name.
• The Vine and Wine Foundation of Armenia, as the core organization uniting the
industry representative, could invite international experts for masterclasses, workshops, and
pieces of training on how to develop internationally recognized brands and market those to
the foreign buyers. Afterward, the newly trained specialists could carry on by getting
employed by the local producers and implement the learned techniques as well as continue
training the rest of the industry. The trainings could also analyze the import policies and
requirements per target country and offer consulting to the local producers.
• With the aim of changing the local perspective of the drink, VWFA can start a social
campaign to broadcast the usage of wine in everyday life as an ingredient of a healthy diet.
This could be done via billboards around the country, informative advertisement on the TV
channels (like FinancialSystemMediator.am), social media advertisement and public tastings.
• Create a general/global Armenian brand name of wine production and include all the
interested local brands under one and participate in reputable international expos such as
VinItaly, Prowein, London Wine Fair, Vinexpo.
• The government of RA, in cooperation with the VWFA and EVN Wine Academy,
could organize annual B2B meetings for Armenian wine producers and wholesalers,
distributors as well as international retailers who could be interested in importing Armenian
wine to improve the relationships between and within parties.

CSR & Environment
• Agritourism and gastro tourism: considering that most of the vineyards belong to
private owners, communities may join together to create small taverns and farms to host
tourists. Bed and bath + local cuisine + viticulture.
• Analyze and implement the best practices of France, Italy, Spain, and other European
countries.
• Employ residents in the newly established farms and taverns. Purchase local
production – fruits, vegetables, bread, dairy, etc. – for use. This would not only help to
develop tourism in the regions of the country, as well as create employment opportunity for
the population.
• Following the example of the USAID-funded Access to Mechanization Project
(AMP) implemented in Georgia, cooperate with CNFA to establish Machinery Service
Centers through the viticulture regions to provide custom machinery services to small
farmers, rural households and other grape producers.
• While the large organizations hire certified specialists, many household-based
producers inherit the winemaking business and knowledge from their ancestors. The only
university to provides a degree in winemaking is ASAU. On the subject matter of the
development of educational institutions as stated in academia part of solutions, it is advisable
to enlarge the capacity of the university and start partnership with foreign universities for
exchange programs so that local students can spend a semester in leading wine-producing
countries and gain experience.
• While the well-established winemakers use glass bottles (most of those imported from
abroad – Russia) the small newly established producers use plastic bottles. This not only
damages the quality of the drink but also harms the environment. Appropriate measures
should be taken to stop environmental damage.
o Promote socially responsible development in wine industry.
o Promote “we care about all stakeholders: planet: quality: and work ethics” attitude.
o Publish reports on committed CSR policies.
Wine + Tourism
On the subject matter of the development of wine-tourism the business owning vineyards,
wineries and the rest of it must focus on 3 segments wine lovers, wine interested, curious
tourists. The following best specific practices based on the examples of EU countries could
be analyzed and implemented:
• Tasting wine, wine/other festivals, cellar-door sales, visiting historic buildings,
winery organized tours, educational tours, meet the winemaker, cooking classes
• Picnic facilities, walking in vineyard, hiking, overnight accommodation, souvenir
shops, wine Restaurant - arrangement only, barbeque facilities, grape picking by visitors.
• National Holiday of Wine (i.e., Republic of Moldova)
• Transport infrastructure that will bring tourists to vineyards and wineries.

Quantification of Investments Required to Reach the Objectives

Vineyard Territory
The calculation of the hectare amount of vineyard to be added each year is based on the
fact that Armenia currently has 3,000 ha of vineyard used for winemaking and the target is to
reach 24,000ha of vineyard in 15 years (by 2034). Thus, using B=A(1+r)^n formula, the
average annual growth of vineyard territories should be approximately 21% to reach the
abovementioned target. The table shows the amount of vineyard territory to be added.
Based on the added territories the amount of grape harvest that will be added to the
current one as well as the amount of wine that will be derived from them is calculated in the
neighboring columns.

The increase in the amount of grape produced in Armenia leads to increase in the liters of
wine produced. The lack of wineries currently existing in Armenia makes the production of
the predicted amount of wine impossible; thus there will be a need for establishing wineries
for proceeding the wine production. The number of wineries needed is calculated taking into
account that a big size winery can produce up to 5,000,000 liters of wine per year, and a mid-
size one can produce ca. 1,000,000 liters of wine per year. (see table below)

Reaching the Target
The weighted average method is used for calculating the amount of grape harvested from
one hectare of land.
The calculation of the number of vineyard territories required for reaching $1B in sales of
wine has the following assumptions in it:
1) The price of one liter of wine to be exported from Armenia is at least $3.788. For
calculating average price for one-liter wine exported from Armenia, the weighted average
method is used. (The data, as well as calculations, are available in the excel file)
2) The productivity measure for deriving wine from grape is constant.
3) All grapes produced in the calculated area are used for wine production.
The required vineyard territory is calculated for the following three cases: low, average,
and high productivity of deriving grape from one hectare of land. The further calculations are
done assuming that the productivity of deriving grape from land is constant.
Note* Average is rounded to 24000

Consumption
These calculations suggest the distribution of the exports and locally consumed wine out
of the wine produced in Armenia. The logic behind the calculation is:
1) Current production is 10M liters.
2) The current export rate is 30%.
3) Target is to increase the local consumption for 5 times.
4) The production for upcoming years is calculated by adding the added liters of wine
from vineyard territory sheet.
The CAGR=11.33% represents the growth in the local consumption in order to reach the
set target for local consumption. Based on the CAGR, the liters of locally consumed wine is
calculated. The remaining are the exports.
Costs to Establish a Vineyard in Armenia by Provinces
The initial investment for establishing 1 ha vineyard is shown on the "Vineyard

Establishment Cost" table. The price of agricultural land in the province of Armenia and in
the Artsakh Republic are shown on the "Land Prices" table.
The table of investment contains information on the amount of vineyard to be added in a

particular year in a particular province, as well as the total amount of investment. The total
amount of investment is divided into two categories: Vineyard and Winery. The vineyard has
three sub-groups: One-time investment, Land and Equipment; and winery has two sub-
groups: big-size and mid-size wineries. The total investment for Vineyard and Winery are
calculated separately, together with the inflation-adjusted figures. The inflation-adjusted

investment for each year is presented in the neighboring column of total investments in USD,
assuming 4% opportunity cost for investments in USD (the assumption is made talking into
account the percentage of deposit that Armenian banks offer for long-term deposits in USD).
*Important Note: The price of acquisition of land does NOT include the cadaster tax if
any.

Costs to Establish a Winery in Armenia
The amount of investments required to establish wineries from 2024 to 2034 is calculated.
Overall, an inflation-adjusted total amount of investments to establish vineyards and

wineries to reach approximately $1B in sales in 15 years is about $965,000,000.

Suggestions on How to Address the Challenges and Strategic

Imperatives Over the Implementation Process
This section engages Triple Helix (TH) model in the context of fostering the development
of the wine industry and promoting innovation and entrepreneurship in Armenia through a set
of interactions between academia, state, and industry.
A remarkable level of coordination and a shared sense of a common vision is required
between industry, government, and academia. Only in such circumstances working towards
long-term industry competitiveness would result in sustainable growth and the rest of it.
With the traditional Triple Helix (TH) model “mainly focusing on the role of the
entrepreneurial university as a source of action," the proposed model that would better serve
the needs and requirements of the Armenian wine industry will have the state as the central
pillar, and the role of policy and economic infrastructure as the primary source to execute the
strategy.
Triple Helix (TH) Designed for Armenian Wine Industry
Government
Industry Innovation &
Entrepreneurship
Innova Innova
tion & tion &
Innovation &
Entrep Entrep
Entrepreneurship
reneur reneur
ship ship
Academia

State Pillar (Policy and Infrastructure)
The function and capacity of the state in efficient water distribution across the relevant
provinces is obviously crucial. The state takes ownership in performing permanent
monitoring of the water resources as well as controlling the distribution of the water sources.
The former would help the government as well as the farmers to know the real-time volume
of the water resources, make expectations about the resources in the foreseeable future which
will help the businesses to make important business decisions beforehand with regards the
volume and type of the production. Controlling the distribution of the water resources
includes fair evaluation of the economic benefits the water allocation can bring to the wine
industry can bring and make sure there is enough water to produce grapes. The following
graph suggests the m3 value of water that has to be available (the details about the
distribution between provinces can be found in excel):
Wa t e r Re s e r v o i r Di s t r i b u t i o n M 3
45,000,000
40,000,000
35,000,000
30,000,000
25,000,000
20,000,000
15,000,000
10,000,000
5,000,000
-
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
The state's role in exports is central. The government strives to establish a national brand
of a wine-making country must ensure the quality of the exported wine. It must play a key
role in guiding exporting companies the profitable export destinations, perform certain
auditing, monitoring, and labeling activities to ensure quality. This is crucial to identify the
"free riders immediately", a small producer masquerading something it is not and selling low-
quality wines using a regional label, and mitigate risks of loss of reputation. The government
has to provide every incentive through legal and economic infrastructure for the industry to
flourish until the industry is able to help itself. Additionally, the state must be able to
effectively mobilize both industry and educational institutions around local development and
innovation through cooperative culture.

Industry Pillar
Vineyards
The development of private business sector in the wine industry and innovation driven by
this, at both, the national and regional levels, many would argue, are the most essential
factors to reach the objectives. The industry must be able to attract foreign investments
effectively. The businesses must ensure quality wine production, exports, and ecosystem
development through investments into productive regions for commercial wine cultivation.
The areas with favorable climate conditions must be considered in the first place. The
following distribution of productive vineyards is proposed (the details of distribution can be
checked in the sub-section vineyard territories):
Target Vineyard Territory in HA
30,000
25,000 24,000
19,866
20,000
16,444
15,000 13,612
11,267
9,326
10,000 7,720
6,390
5,290
3,624 4,378
5,000
-
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
The industry can take full advantage of Armenia’s productive vineyard territories for
wine grape growing. Inflation-adjusted investment of over $660mln over the next 10 years is
required to reach the objectives as defined in the paper. Additionally, an advisable strategy
for the companies will be to invest in the technological and industrial innovations
extensively.

Vineyard Investments YOY (Inf. adj.)

$140,000,000
$120,000,000
$100,000,000
$80,000,000
$60,000,000
$40,000,000
$20,000,000
$0
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
A total investment of over $662,000,000.
Wineries
All of the wineries, existing or newly established must be encouraged to export their
wines. This move might greatly increase the quality of wine produced and make high profits
for wineries. However, purely relying on their resources to promote the brand, the companies
can hardly survive in the highly competitive wine exports market. A key to the successful
exporting is to encourage a national brand of "Armenian Wine" through smart marketing
strategies and consistently working with leading consulting companies to produce market
intelligence reports.
Number of Wineries YOY

10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
-
2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034
Big size Mid-size

Winery Investments YOY (Inf. adj.)

$60,000,000
$50,000,000
$40,000,000
$30,000,000
$20,000,000
$10,000,000
$0
2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034
A total investment of over $302,000,000.
Education and Research Institutions Pillar
With the financial resources being the primary catalyst, simply having investors providing
the finances and well-developed business plans are not enough to execute the plan.
Educational institutions in Armenia should be able to provide adequate knowledge in
accordance with the market requirements, do consistent research, and be able to effectively
translate research (local or international) into useful conclusions for farmers. The industry
pillar must have a comprehensive database with ASAU developed by the state, where the
university will be able to effectively disseminate the results of studies/researches on
viticulture and viniculture practices. The vineyard and winery owners, on the other hand, may
leverage this information for future success in growing grapes and producing wines. The
calculations suggest the following distribution of consulting winemakers, chief winemakers,
cellar masters over the years.
THE NUMBER OF SPECIALISTS

REQUIRED
51
47
36
31
27
26
19
19
17
13
11
2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034

Appendices
Grape wine export by country in 2017-2018 and

calculation of WA Price of a per liter grapevine
2017 2018
Country Price Price
volume in amount in Weight WA volume in amount in Weight WA
per per
liters USD in % Price liters USD in % Price
liter liter
Australia 32.2 100 3.1 0.00% 0.0 324.0 3,800 11.7 0.01% 0.00
Austria 15.8 - - 0.00% - 378.0 1,800 4.8 0.02% 0.00
Argentina 13,000.0 82,200 6.3 0.47% 0.0 - - 0.0 0.00% 0.00
Belarus 10,600.0 56,000 5.3 0.38% 0.0 20,100.0 101,800 5.1 0.80% 0.04
Belgium 16,700.0 90,900 5.4 0.60% 0.0 18,000.0 121,000 6.7 0.72% 0.05
Bulgaria 1,200.0 8,800 7.3 0.04% 0.0 1,600.0 8,500 5.3 0.06% 0.00
Germany 10,800.0 66,500 6.2 0.39% 0.0 8,100.0 59,600 7.4 0.32% 0.02
Denmark - - - 0.00% - 4.5 100 22.2 0.00% 0.00
Estonia 2,400.0 13,100 5.5 0.09% 0.0 3,600.0 13,500 3.8 0.14% 0.01
Thailand 9.0 - - 0.00% - 211.5 2,700 12.8 0.01% 0.00
Taiwan 40.5 100 2.5 0.00% 0.0 - - 0.0 0.00% 0.00

Spain 5.6 - - 0.00% - 378.0 1,100 2.9 0.02% 0.00
Israel 3,073.3 8,300 2.7 0.11% 0.0 675.0 2,800 4.1 0.03% 0.00
Italy 16,800.0 96,000 5.7 0.60% 0.0 20,900.0 147,600 7.1 0.83% 0.06
Latvia 5,400.0 26,100 4.8 0.19% 0.0 1,200.0 4,800 4.0 0.05% 0.00
Poland 18,200.0 53,200 2.9 0.65% 0.0 11,300.0 28,900 2.6 0.45% 0.01
Lebanon 702.7 1,000 1.4 0.03% 0.0 4,702.5 17,700 3.8 0.19% 0.01
Lithuania 22,100.0 106,900 4.8 0.79% 0.0 27,000.0 118,200 4.4 1.08% 0.05
Canada 7,300.0 47,700 6.5 0.26% 0.0 7,100.0 55,800 7.9 0.28% 0.02
Columbia 1.5 - - 0.00% - - - 0.0 0.00% 0.00
Armenia 28,000.0 180,300 6.4 1.00% 0.1 72,300.0 553,400 7.7 2.89% 0.22
India 34.5 - - 0.00% - - - 0.0 0.00% 0.00
Hong Kong 427.5 1,400 3.3 0.02% 0.0 462.0 4,100 8.9 0.02% 0.00
Greece 472.5 3,300 7.0 0.02% 0.0 621.0 3,700 6.0 0.02% 0.00
Hungary - - - 0.00% - 63.0 - 0.0 0.00% 0.00
Kazakhstan 7,600.0 26,800 3.5 0.27% 0.0 4,200.0 14,700 3.5 0.17% 0.01
Japan 94.8 900 9.5 0.00% 0.0 4,236.0 37,900 8.9 0.17% 0.02
United
Kingdom 9,700.0 61,500 6.3 0.35% 0.0 1,000.0 6,400 6.4 0.04% 0.00
USA 93,400.0 548,100 5.9 3.35% 0.2 103,800.0 842,800 8.1 4.15% 0.34
Mozambique 90.0 1,400 15.6 0.00% 0.0 - - 0.0 0.00% 0.00

Netherlands 2,300.0 17,800 7.7 0.08% 0.0 1,900.0 10,700 5.6 0.08% 0.00
Norway 3.8 - - 0.00% - - - 0.0 0.00% 0.00
Sweden 2,300.0 15,800 6.9 0.08% 0.0 2,000.0 21,100 10.6 0.08% 0.01
Switzerland 71,500.0 106,000 1.5 2.56% 0.0 51,200.0 215,700 4.2 2.05% 0.09
Ukraine 29,200.0 62,400 2.1 1.05% 0.0 51,100.0 98,500 1.9 2.04% 0.04
Czech Republic 3,501.0 15,800 4.5 0.13% 0.0 373.5 1,400 3.7 0.01% 0.00
China 26,500.0 118,700 4.5 0.95% 0.0 21,300.0 70,200 3.3 0.85% 0.03
Russia 2,315,800.0 8,628,800 3.7 82.94% 3.1 1,993,700.0 6,636,100 3.3 79.64% 2.65
Singapore 22.5 100 4.4 0.00% 0.0 28.5 - 0.0 0.00% 0.00
Unknown 38,100.0 242,000 6.4 1.36% 0.1 2,100.0 15,300 7.3 0.08% 0.01
Syria - - - 0.00% - 9.0 200 22.2 0.00% 0.00
Georgia 8,500.0 36,100 4.2 0.30% 0.0 13,600.0 26,200 1.9 0.54% 0.01
Tanzania 135.0 900 6.7 0.00% 0.0 - - 0.0 0.00% 0.00

Kuwait - - - 0.00% - 18,000.0 48,000 2.7 0.72% 0.02
Oman - - - 0.00% - 270.0 900 3.3 0.01% 0.00
Philippines 3.8 100 26.3 0.00% 0.0 - - 0.0 0.00% 0.00
Finland 1,975.5 14,700 7.4 0.07% 0.0 3.0 - 0.0 0.00% 0.00
France 24,000.0 104,300 4.3 0.86% 0.0 35,600.0 185,400 5.2 1.42% 0.07
WA Price per WA Price per
liter of grape wine liter of grape wine
Total 2,792,042 10,844,100 in 2017 ($) 3.884 2,503,440 9,482,400 in 2018 ($) 3.788
Source: State Revenue Committee of the Republic of Armenia

Link: http://www.petekamutner.am/Content.aspx?itn=csCIExportStatistics

Appendix
Export and Import of Grape wines(including fortified), alcoholic grape must for the years 2010-2019
Codes Year Month export in ton export in 1000$ import in ton import in 1000$
2204 2019 1 189.53 300.63 5.85 33.57
2204 2019 2 456.77 732.53 5.23 32.69
2204 2019 3 483.92 1,058.86 5.77 35.69
2204 2019 4 335.25 582.67 55.44 195.28
2204 2019 5 398.39 924.10 21.17 186.20
2204 2019 Total for the year 1,863.86 3,598.79 93.46 483.42
2204 2018 1 159.64 435.52 0.17 1.23
2204 2018 2 900.25 606.60 28.15 72.44
2204 2018 3 490.56 1,245.80 53.07 243.03
2204 2018 4 405.72 894.14 13.50 76.64
2204 2018 5 287.90 666.85 33.57 168.55
2204 2018 6 211.53 471.51 75.86 107.32
2204 2018 7 294.13 833.52 17.44 103.51
2204 2018 8 480.83 894.19 5.93 44.08
2204 2018 9 286.88 561.00 13.00 65.12
2204 2018 10 466.85 961.25 11.32 59.50
2204 2018 11 442.90 1,109.93 95.46 389.38
2204 2018 12 406.57 767.85 46.19 188.46
2204 2018 Total for the year 4,833.77 9,448.17 393.67 1,519.28
2204 2017 1 265.74 570.85 100.33 31.50
2204 2017 2 301.88 677.76 0.79 21.28
2204 2017 3 314.13 826.25 35.70 187.79
2204 2017 4 278.83 543.53 9.12 41.68
2204 2017 5 465.71 1,091.34 16.07 70.25
2204 2017 6 528.33 1,199.51 14.86 68.35
2204 2017 7 292.05 554.96 1.96 23.70
2204 2017 8 486.76 1,035.49 6.67 56.65
2204 2017 9 407.74 916.57 32.99 151.62
2204 2017 10 388.90 817.85 27.00 167.43
2204 2017 11 502.68 1,114.27 118.39 502.25
2204 2017 12 398.31 1,446.37 142.21 340.51
2204 2016 1 25.27 67.77 16.89 43.46
2204 2016 2 84.05 191.14 23.96 45.28
2204 2016 3 349.84 625.10 23.35 77.22
2204 2016 4 272.47 497.98 27.71 83.22
2204 2016 5 288.64 599.89 18.37 83.13
2204 2016 6 312.24 603.51 8.46 42.19
2204 2016 7 240.05 413.22 11.86 64.56
2204 2016 8 195.78 412.28 14.65 74.33
2204 2016 9 288.45 717.03 11.74 84.83

2204 2016 10 358.24 586.40 12.01 32.60

2204 2016 11 477.44 956.04 59.18 174.13
2204 2016 12 247.32 465.48 48.70 288.82
2204 2015 1 78.37 130.91 - -
2204 2015 2 122.83 170.13 10.65 50.98
2204 2015 3 191.48 376.01 20.65 74.36
2204 2015 4 119.85 181.67 19.89 69.34
2204 2015 5 236.82 407.85 24.84 101.11
2204 2015 6 273.77 391.12 26.80 159.75
2204 2015 7 122.77 204.35 15.19 55.00
2204 2015 8 196.88 330.74 46.32 113.91
2204 2015 9 266.74 475.20 18.84 91.41
2204 2015 10 287.30 518.30 61.80 254.54
2204 2015 11 267.54 467.76 46.71 206.44
2204 2015 12 274.79 519.95 102.91 300.45
2204 2014 1 198.48 348.77 33.53 87.49
2204 2014 2 147.22 317.05 9.45 27.24
2204 2014 3 241.26 431.85 1.38 6.67
2204 2014 4 230.05 377.21 26.21 102.42
2204 2014 5 311.39 524.97 28.87 163.59
2204 2014 6 335.37 524.57 1.13 75.44
2204 2014 7 339.62 659.35 10.27 45.58
2204 2014 8 179.55 320.41 1.75 7.97
2204 2014 9 299.27 474.36 5.08 51.76
2204 2014 10 311.21 596.00 31.73 137.63
2204 2014 11 512.21 860.17 34.19 239.36
2204 2014 12 575.04 886.54 68.18 212.92
2204 2013 1 96.53 279.38 9.73 29.57
2204 2013 2 183.66 391.71 3.54 21.90
2204 2013 3 173.16 342.90 25.97 163.16
2204 2013 4 242.59 427.56 49.20 141.21
2204 2013 5 174.51 332.57 28.44 154.45
2204 2013 6 191.81 313.39 23.25 124.52
2204 2013 7 210.14 274.07 2.40 24.98
2204 2013 8 187.02 318.97 20.63 123.55
2204 2013 9 247.45 384.03 - -
2204 2013 10 158.96 247.40 48.19 388.14
2204 2013 11 312.61 523.44 71.82 490.14
2204 2013 12 240.34 421.17 79.04 329.98
2204 2012 1 127.42 299.17 14.19 86.46
2204 2012 2 115.31 288.05 23.46 26.22
2204 2012 3 69.13 153.77 26.84 105.49
2204 2012 4 117.83 272.35 4.34 89.89
2204 2012 5 68.33 132.48 25.02 237.66

2204 2012 6 76.97 156.48 35.23 218.50

2204 2012 7 112.33 233.95 11.42 45.99
2204 2012 8 180.89 299.93 5.54 24.60
2204 2012 9 190.09 330.31 21.21 112.33
2204 2012 10 307.66 647.52 42.61 147.26
2204 2012 11 427.51 785.97 71.79 288.35
2204 2012 12 277.88 533.43 87.67 294.16
2204 2011 1 130.96 212.75 182.67 119.04
2204 2011 2 70.40 109.06 49.71 71.13
2204 2011 3 134.01 330.29 22.81 54.05
2204 2011 4 72.90 139.21 26.31 106.62
2204 2011 5 103.26 233.17 23.21 100.18
2204 2011 6 115.42 218.97 36.89 175.13
2204 2011 7 52.14 124.66 83.40 163.84
2204 2011 8 61.28 120.86 18.11 72.28
2204 2011 9 108.48 169.43 34.95 203.30
2204 2011 10 122.54 241.98 34.10 277.74
2204 2011 11 146.59 287.14 51.27 285.11
2204 2011 12 167.44 274.99 56.48 307.08
2204 2010 1 75.07 98.89 64.22 100.75
2204 2010 2 114.74 168.67 12.49 57.13
2204 2010 3 101.99 136.91 22.97 77.52
2204 2010 4 156.12 333.50 30.04 126.29
2204 2010 5 89.07 157.89 21.52 155.82
2204 2010 6 117.81 214.98 24.53 148.50
2204 2010 7 75.75 220.78 79.89 366.57
2204 2010 8 165.99 265.36 18.51 76.32
2204 2010 9 179.66 297.76 26.89 104.42
2204 2010 10 134.52 259.03 30.29 122.70
2204 2010 11 279.38 468.31 50.33 169.09
2204 2010 12 149.15 251.60 170.23 332.99
Source: Armenian Statistical Service

Grape wine export by country in 2017-2018
2017 2018
Country HS Code Unit
volume amount in USD volume amount in USD
Australia 2204 liter 32.2 100.0 324.0 3,800.0
Austria 2204 liter 15.8 - 378.0 1,800.0
Argentina 2204 liter 13,000.0 82,200.0 - -
Belarus 2204 liter 10,600.0 56,000.0 20,100.0 101,800.0
Belgium 2204 liter 16,700.0 90,900.0 18,000.0 121,000.0
Bulgaria 2204 liter 1,200.0 8,800.0 1,600.0 8,500.0
Germany 2204 liter 10,800.0 66,500.0 8,100.0 59,600.0
Danmark 2204 liter - - 4.5 100.0
Estonia 2204 liter 2,400.0 13,100.0 3,600.0 13,500.0
Thailand 2204 liter 9.0 - 211.5 2,700.0
Taiwan 2204 liter 40.5 100.0 - -
Spain 2204 liter 5.6 - 378.0 1,100.0
Israel 2204 liter 3,073.3 8,300.0 675.0 2,800.0
Italy 2204 liter 16,800.0 96,000.0 20,900.0 147,600.0
Latvia 2204 liter 5,400.0 26,100.0 1,200.0 4,800.0
Poland 2204 liter 18,200.0 53,200.0 11,300.0 28,900.0
Lebanon 2204 liter 702.7 1,000.0 4,702.5 17,700.0
Litva 2204 liter 22,100.0 106,900.0 27,000.0 118,200.0
Canada 2204 liter 7,300.0 47,700.0 7,100.0 55,800.0
Columbia 2204 liter 1.5 - - -
Armenia 2204 liter 28,000.0 180,300.0 72,300.0 553,400.0
India 2204 liter 34.5 - - -
Hong Kong 2204 liter 427.5 1,400.0 462.0 4,100.0
Greece 2204 liter 472.5 3,300.0 621.0 3,700.0
Hungary 2204 liter - - 63.0 -
Kazakhstan 2204 liter 7,600.0 26,800.0 4,200.0 14,700.0
Japan 2204 liter 94.8 900.0 4,236.0 37,900.0
United Kingdom 2204 liter 9,700.0 61,500.0 1,000.0 6,400.0
USA 2204 liter 93,400.0 548,100.0 103,800.0 842,800.0
Mozambique 2204 liter 90.0 1,400.0 - -
Netherlands 2204 liter 2,300.0 17,800.0 1,900.0 10,700.0
Norway 2204 liter 3.8 - - -
Sweden 2204 liter 2,300.0 15,800.0 2,000.0 21,100.0
Switzerland 2204 liter 71,500.0 106,000.0 51,200.0 215,700.0
Ukraine 2204 liter 29,200.0 62,400.0 51,100.0 98,500.0
Czech Republic 2204 liter 3,501.0 15,800.0 373.5 1,400.0
China 2204 liter 26,500.0 118,700.0 21,300.0 70,200.0
Russia 2204 liter 2,315,800.0 8,628,800.0 1,993,700.0 6,636,100.0
Singapore 2204 liter 22.5 100.0 28.5 -
Unknown 2204 liter 38,100.0 242,000.0 2,100.0 15,300.0
Syira 2204 liter - - 9.0 200.0
Georgia 2204 liter 8,500.0 36,100.0 13,600.0 26,200.0
Tanzania 2204 liter 135.0 900.0 - -
Kuwait 2204 liter - - 18,000.0 48,000.0
Oman 2204 liter - - 270.0 900.0
Philippines 2204 liter 3.8 100.0 - -
Finland 2204 liter 1,975.5 14,700.0 3.0 -
France 2204 liter 24,000.0 104,300.0 35,600.0 185,400.0
Source: State Revenue Committee of the Republic of Armenia

Link: http://www.petekamutner.am/Content.aspx?itn=csCIExportStatistics

Grape yard territories and productivities by provinces for the years 2010-2018
Province 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Republic of
Armenia Territory of vineyards, ha 16,288 17,415 17,465 17,215 17,296 17,059 15,814 16,099
Productivity, center/ha 158 151 150 158 188 110 141 120
Harvest, 1000 tons 230 241 241 261 309 179 210 180
Yerevan Territory of vineyards, ha 612 612 612 612 612 612 96 96
Harvest, 1000 tons 4 4 4 5 6 4 1 0
Aragatsotn Territory of vineyards, ha 1,148 1,694 1,698 1,699 1,699 1,699 1,253 1,451
Harvest, 1000 tons 12 14 15 16 18 5 8 8
Ararat Territory of vineyards, ha 4,881 5,120 5,143 5,083 5,113 5,039 4,713 4,647
Harvest, 1000 tons 95 100 104 112 125 76 95 70
Armavir Territory of vineyards, ha 6,863 7,033 7,136 7,119 7,120 6,882 6,792 6,924
Harvest, 1000 tons 100 103 96 107 136 84 90 85
Gegharkunik Territory of vineyards, ha - 1 1 1 - - - -
Productivity, center/ha - 20 - - - - - -
Harvest, 1000 tons - - - - - - - -
Lori Territory of vineyards, ha 64 64 64 64 64 67 67 67
Harvest, 1000 tons 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kotayq Territory of vineyards, ha 290 403 336 161 161 160 169 156
Harvest, 1000 tons 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0
Shirak Territory of vineyards, ha - - - - - - - -
Productivity, center/ha - - - - - - - -
Harvest, 1000 tons - - - - - - - -
Syunik Territory of vineyards, ha 185 185 185 185 185 185 179 180
Harvest, 1000 tons 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Vayots Dzor Territory of vineyards, ha 889 928 935 935 985 1,066 1,200 1,214
Harvest, 1000 tons 4 4 5 5 6 2 4 6
Tavush Territory of vineyards, ha 1,356 1,375 1,355 1,356 1,357 1,349 1,345 1,364
Productivity, centner/ha 99 97 108 108 126 54 74 75
Harvest, 1000 tons 13 13 15 15 17 7 10 10
Source: Armenian Statistical Service

Link: http://armstatbank.am/pxweb/hy/ArmStatBank/?rxid=602c2fcf-531f-4ed9-b9ad-42a1c546a1b6

Papers Used:
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industries?, Prometheus, 31:4, 387-398, DOI: 10.1080/08109028.2014.933601
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foundation of resource and institutional coordination and strategic consensus, Prometheus,
31:4, 399-417, DOI: 10.1080/08109028.2014.933599
Andy, Hira. (2013). Mapping out the Triple Helix: how institutional coordination for
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Andy, Hira. (2013). The South African wine industry: bifurcation undermines success,
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https://study.com/articles/masters_in_viticulture_enology_programs.html
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VITICULTURE MASTER PLAN

Viticulture Master Plan For Armenia - Final Paper - VA

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Viticulture Armenia: A

Comprehensive Master Plan

Executive Summary ................................................................................... 2

The Performance of the Armenian Viticulture and Viniculture ........... 4

The Obstacles Armenian Wine Industry Must Overcome .................... 8

Recommendations to issues currently facing wineries and grape

Quantification of Investments Required to Reach the Objectives ...... 14

Suggestions on How to Address the Challenges and Strategic

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

Key Factors to Success

Major Quantitative Constraint

Major Qualitative Constraints

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

3. Based on the analysis and calculations, a total investment of about

5. Develop a global "Armenian Wine" national brand at the international level,

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

The Performance of the Armenian Viticulture and Viniculture

Grape wine export, in thousand USD

Wine export structure by countries 2017 and 2018

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

Wine import to Armenia, 2010-2018, in thousand liters

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

Territory of vineyards and grape productivity in Armenia

Territory of vineyards, thousand ha Productivity, tons/ha

Harvest, 1000 tons

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

Average Productivity (tons/ha), 2014-2018

Aragatsotn Ararat Armavir Lori Kotayk Syunik Vayots Dzor Tavush

Distribution of Vineyard territories in Armenia by region

Vayots Dzor Tavush Yerevan

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

The Obstacles Armenian Wine Industry Must Overcome

Vineyard preparation, viticulture, and viniculture

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

Human Resources & Academia

CSR & Environment

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

Recommendations to issues currently facing wineries and grape

Wine grapes production (viticulture)

Academia & Human Resources

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

• Improve the quality of the transport infrastructure, the quality of telecommunications

• Cooperation with Armenian Marketing Association. The association prepares annual

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

CSR & Environment

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

Quantification of Investments Required to Reach the Objectives

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

Reaching the Target

Note* Average is rounded to 24000

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

Costs to Establish a Vineyard in Armenia by Provinces

The initial investment for establishing 1 ha vineyard is shown on the "Vineyard

The table of investment contains information on the amount of vineyard to be added in a

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.

Costs to Establish a Winery in Armenia

Overall, an inflation-adjusted total amount of investments to establish vineyards and

CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT DISSEMINATE.