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Sherfield Building
South Kensington Campus
London SW7 2AZ, UK
Tel: +44 (0)20 7594 9421
Fax: +44 (0)20 7594 9424
safetydept@imperial.ac.uk www.imperial.ac.uk
This guidance note is primarily directed at Laboratory Managers, laboratory workers, Campus Managers,
Building Managers, Maintenance Team Managers.
Pressure vessels which either contain steam at any pressure, or exert a pressure in excess of 0.5 bar
above atmospheric pressure and contain gas or fluids (or some mixture of them), require maintenance in
accordance with manufacturers‟ instructions, testing to ensure that standards are met, and inspection to
ensure that the vessel body, pipework and valves and parts are in good condition – similar to an MOT.
Pressure vessels include items such as pressure cookers, bench top sterilizers, autoclaves, steam
generators, air compressors and some liquid nitrogen vessels. Items such as Estates plant (building-wide
steam generators, boilers, compressed gas silos etc) are not included in the scope of this guidance.
Table of Contents
1. Relevant Legislation ................................................................................................................................ 2
2. Responsibilities under College Health and Safety Policy ........................................................................ 2
3. Definitions ................................................................................................................................................ 2
4. Pressure vessels and systems ................................................................................................................ 3
5. Maintenance and use in accordance with manufacturers‟ instructions ................................................... 3
6. Requirement to inspect and examine ...................................................................................................... 4
7. Written scheme of examination (WSE) .................................................................................................... 4
8. Information required by the Insurance Inspector ..................................................................................... 4
9. Arranging an Insurance Inspection .......................................................................................................... 4
10. Procedures for registration with Estates .................................................................................................. 5
11. Entry of non-authorised personnel into laboratories ................................................................................ 5
12. Rented and second-hand vessels ........................................................................................................... 5
13. Laboratory equipment which is integral with the building ........................................................................ 5
14. Procedures for inspection and re-inspection after repair or modification ................................................ 6
15. Failing an inspection - actions to be taken .............................................................................................. 6
16. Decommissioning and deregistering unwanted vessels .......................................................................... 6
17. Testing autoclaves in accordance with specific regulations (GM, COSHH etc) ...................................... 6
18. Annual update of personnel and equipment databases .......................................................................... 7
19. Record keeping ........................................................................................................................................ 7
20. Appendices .............................................................................................................................................. 8
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1. Relevant Legislation
a) The Health and Safety at Work, etc. Act 1974 requires employers to provide and maintain plant
and systems of work that are safe and without risks to health.
1
b) The Pressure Systems Safety Regulations 2000 (PSSR) aims to prevent serious injury from the
hazard of stored energy as a result of the failures of a pressure system or one of its component
parts. The contents are not considered in the same way as COSHH except where there is a risk of
scalding or where the contents may speed up corrosion or degeneration of the vessel and its
components.
c) The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 aims to ensure that work equipment
should not result in health and safety risks, regardless of its age, condition or origin.
3. Definitions
Laboratory areas - for the purposes of this document, „laboratory areas‟ include: research
and diagnostic laboratories, laboratory equipment rooms, cold rooms,
media preparation rooms, wash-up rooms, post-mortem rooms and
greenhouses. It does not include other potentially hazardous areas that
are under Estates control.
User - the College employee who: decides when installed plant will be turned on
or off; who decides who has access to the plant; who is responsible for
the controls of the plant; and who maintains and runs the plant on a day to
day basis
Owner - the person who owns mobile or rented equipment which may be used by
other persons such as College employees or College students
Competent person - is someone who is trained and experienced in a particular skill, and can
recognise limitations of personal expertise. In the College this expertise
has been contracted out to the College Insurance Inspector, who is
supported by relevant specialist services and organisational
arrangements, as required by the PSSR Approved Code of Practice.
Written scheme of examination – a WSE is drawn up by a College Insurance Inspector (unless this is
already supplied from the installer/commissioner of the system) and lists
the parts of a piece of equipment or plant (eg safety valves), and the
frequency and thoroughness of inspection required for each part.
Relevant fluid - includes steam at any pressure or gas or fluids (or some mixture of them)
at 0.5 bar above atmospheric pressure.
1
Pressure Systems Safety Regulations 2000 Approved Code of Practice, HSE Books, ISBN 0-7176-1767-X
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4. Pressure vessels and systems
A Pressure Vessel is a receptacle containing steam at any pressure, or exerting a pressure over 0.5 bar (7.5
psi) above atmospheric pressure and containing gas or fluids (or some mixture of them).
There are three categories of Pressure System – in the laboratory environment, most will fall into the minor
or intermediate systems. Examples may be found in Appendix 1 – Examples of pressure equipment.
Page 3 of 12
6. Requirement to inspect and examine
If a pressure vessel or part of a pressurised system fails, the consequences could be severe (explosion,
scalding etc). Therefore the User is responsible for ensuring that College-owned (including grant-funded)
pressure systems are maintained, operated safely, and precautions taken to prevent over-pressurisation.
In addition, the User must ensure that a competent person (the College Insurance Inspector) makes a
thorough annual inspection and regular examination of any College-owned pressure systems containing
steam or having a pressure x volume equal to 250 bar litres or more.
The scope and frequency of the examination is defined in a Written Scheme of Examination, drawn up by the
College Insurance Inspector. Usually a written scheme is produced as part of the commissioning process,
but in any case will be provided by the Insurance Inspector on the first examination. The Decision Tree in
Appendix 1 helps to determine the duty holders.
Page 4 of 12
If the Insurance Inspector identifies a safety problem he will inform the user and the local Estates
representative, who will be required to isolate and remove from service the piece of equipment pending its
repair by the department. See 15. Failing an inspection - actions to be taken
Page 5 of 12
supply lines may also be part of building-wide pressure system. The Estates Department currently recharges
user departments for the cost of maintaining this type of system. Pressure vessels operating via a standard
13 Amp plug are unlikely to fall into this category. If you are uncertain, contact the Estates Helpdesk for
advice.
HSE may write or check personally whether the appropriate action has been taken; if action is not taken by
the specified deadline, HSE may serve an Improvement Notice or a Prohibition Notice depending on the
danger involved.
You must notify a disposal and subsequent de-registering using the Estates Vessel Registration form, to the
Estates Helpdesk, local Estates contact and Department Safety Co-ordinator, who will inform the Divisional
Safety Advisor in January when the register is being updated. See Appendix Pressure Vessel Registration
Form.
17. Testing autoclaves in accordance with specific regulations (GM, COSHH etc)
Autoclaves used for inactivation of certain types of biological waste must meet specific operating standards.
Departments involved in work of this type must ensure that a competent engineer carries out a twelve-point
thermocouple test. This test should be carried out on an annual basis as a minimum requirement.
Permit-to work or equipment decontamination procedures must be followed accordingly (see College
Guidance Note).
Page 6 of 12
Ideally testing should be arranged to coincide with a service. If the machine is serviced via Estates, then
Estates must be informed of these additional testing requirements, so that if possible, they can make
arrangements for testing to be carried out by the service provider.
The cost of this test is met (shared) by the department(s) involved or by the Principle Investigators
responsible for the work. The Principle Investigator(s) is responsible for ensuring that testing is carried out.
If a different employer owns the autoclave, PIs must ascertain from them that this test has been carried out.
The Department Safety Co-ordinator (or person nominated by the Head of Section/Department) from each
User Department should compile a list/database based on the information supplied on completed registration
forms See Appendix Pressure Vessel Registration Form. They should update the list at the end of each
year noting where pressure vessels have been acquired or disposed of.
Every January the Department/Section safety co-ordinators should send the updated lists to the Estates
Helpdesk, the local Estates contact (Appendix 2 – Local Estates Contacts) and to the Divisional Safety
Advisors.
Page 7 of 12
20 Appendices
Absorber vessel
Accumulator, Hydraulic
Accumulator, hydraulic, nitrogen pressure
vessel
Air receiver in association with some
autoclaves, mass spectrometers, EM
units
Air / water expansion vessel
Argon liquid, pressure vessel
Autoclave – electric, non self-generating
(eg part of building steam system or
attached to associated boiler)
Autoclave – electric, self-generating
Autoclave – gas fired (domestic-type)
Autoclave – portable (bench top steriliser)
Autoclave – steam jacketed
Blow down vessel
Calorifier, heated
Boiler – canteen type, electric urn
Condenser pressure vessel
Cooling water expansion pressure vessel
Critical point dryer pressure vessel
Desiccant air dryer
Heat exchanger
Helium hydraulic shock chamber tube
gun
Hot water urn
Hypersonic gun
Nitrogen pressure gun
Nitrogen pressure vessel
Pressure parts of packaged refrigeration
system
Pressurisation unit – softened water
booster
Receiver, Air – vertical/horizontal/portable
Receiver, Air and water
Receiver, Air/oil
Receiver, Carbon dioxide – solid drawn
Receiver, Coal gas
Receiver, Experimental test rig, air
Receiver, natural gas
Receiver, Nitrogen
Receiver, Sewage ejector/air
Receiver, Teaching air
Sand/Water pressure vessel
Steam boiler (electric or gas heated)
Steam jacketed kettle
Steam jacketed pan
Steam oven
Page 8 of 12
Appendix 2 – Local Estates Contacts
Electrical Engineering, Skempton, Sherfield, Library, Faculty Buildings and Boiler House
Wye Campus
Page 9 of 12
Appendix 3 – Relationships
HELPDESK USER
Arranges repairs and maintenance with
Receives and retains original and amended
service provider/supplier
WSE from the Inspector
Receives all Inspection certificates from
Inspector Contacts Estates Helpdesk
Sends copy certificates to Local Estates To remove or To add an existing pressure
Contact and to Department Safety Co- system to the Register
ordinator Prior to installation of new or second-hand
Gives guidance to Users on system for equipment for advice on WSE
insurance inspections, local Estates contact To arrange an inspection (for newly
details, whether a WSE may be required installed or repaired equipment or if it has
Adds pressure equipment to insurance not been tested for over 12 months)
inspection register when notified of existing, To ask for information on local estates
new or second-hand equipment by User, or contacts
notified by Inspector
Contacts Inspector to arrange visits on Contacts Dept and Divisional safety
request of User personnel
Updates Register annually from information To inform of acquisition, repair and
received via Dept Safety Co-ordinator disposal of pressure equipment (annually).
Page 10 of 12
Appendix 4 – Insurance inspection contacts
The College uses Zurich for its insurance inspections for pressure systems and lifting equipment.
Robert Ayers covers pressure systems, and can be contacted on 07764 149343 email:
robert.ayers@uk.zurich.com
John Gagliano covers lifting equipment, and can be contacted on 07764 149425 email:
john.gagliano@uk.zurich.com
“Crimson” is Zurich‟s e-reporting system. Relevant persons, such as Maintenance Team Leaders have
access to it – to arrange for this, please contact the Estates Helpdesk or Julie Bryant
julie.bryant@imperial.ac.uk
The College uses BOC to provide annual inspections and reports for gas regulators – and inspections for
pressurised vessels for nitrogen, helium etc. BOC can be contacted on ext 48745 email:
Jeremy.Applegarth@boc.com
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2
ESTATES HELPDESK Pressure Vessel Registration Form
2
See College Guidance note on Spectrum: Maintenance, inspection and testing of pressure vessels in research laboratories
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