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CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE OF SILOS by L.SUCHITHRA

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SILOS Silos are deep bins in which the plane of rupture of material store meets the
opposite sides of the structure before meeting the top horizontal surface of the
material. It is a tall cylindrical structure. TYPES OF SILOS: Reinforced concrete silos
Prestressed concrete silos Steel silo Concrete block silo Fibre Reinforced Polymer Silos

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CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE OF SILOS Foundation: The foundation should necessarily be


a raft construction. It should be constructed in one pair to avoid cold joint. Wall: Three
methods are available v/ Conventional method v/ Jumpform method Slipform method.
Roof slab: The roof slab is of concrete. However, it is not possible to do stuttering for the
slab/beam system from bottom.

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Tunnel inside silo: Plum concrete is done in the bottom zone of the silo and the tunnel
base slab, side wall and roof are constructed in the sequence by conventional method.
Floor of silo: This rests on plum concrete and this floor is constructed by convential
method.Concreting is done through manholes provided in the side walls.

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CONSTRUCTION TYPE The construction types of silos are Flat Bottom Silos Hopper
Bottom Silos Smooth Wall Silos Stainless Steel Silos Corrugated Steel Silos Bolted &
Welded Steel Silos Elevated Silos Tower Silos Transportable Silos Lipp Silo

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FLAT BOTTOM SILOS Flat bottom silo, a flat surface is required to give full support. v/
The floor design of the steel silos is decided by the material to be silos. In flat bottom
silos, air slides can be bolted onto the plinths cast into the floor or bolted directly to the
silo floor. v/ If you plan to store cement, fly ash or other materials that require fluidizing
systems, flat bottom silos are generally the first choice. For a custom made steel silos
such as columns are required below the silo floor, our material handling designers and
silo designers will reach agreement through consultation to ensure the needs of both
are

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met. Additionally, if the steel grain silos need to accept loads from mixing, condition and
unloading equipments, equipment floors will be added to the steel silo plans. Flat
bottom silos are one of the most common used steel silos in agricultural industry. And
they are regard as the most popular and cost-effective way for long term storage,
especially for grain and feed storage. All our flat bottoms are designed and constructed
in accordance with D-4097 or ASTM D-3299 standards.

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CONSTRUCTION OF FLAT BOTTOM SILO

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HOPPER BOTTOM SILOS Hopper bottom silo, also named as cone bottom silo, hopper
bottom storage bins, refers to silo with a cone bottom. Generally, a funnel is needed in
the silo for most material storage. v/ For small silo storages, the steel hopper/cone can
be fixed with the sidewalls. v/ However for industrial silos with large diameter, to reduce
the risk, the hopper/cone is designed to be supported by the silo bottom floor. Hopper
bottom silo contains complete drainage.

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The configuration of hopper silo depends on the type of material to be stored. v/ In


generally, pellet products require a 450 cone bottom silo while powder or other material
which is hard to flow fits 600 cone bottom silo storage. Hopper bottoms are designed in
accordance D-4097 or ASTM D-3299 standards for elevated cone heads. v/ Hopper
bottom steel silo come standard with a primed carbon steel pipe leg stand with silo floor
plates and a standard 18" under clearance from the silo bottom to the silo floor plates.
v/ That is to say, hopper bottom silo is your only choice if complete drainage is
absolutely necessary.

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SONS O 丄 丄 08 HAddOH

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SMOOTH WALL SILOS v/ Smooth wall silos is cylindrical in shape from top to bottom. v/
Smooth wall silos are designed for bottom reclaiming. The followings are the
advantages of KMEC smooth wall bins: Smooth wall design can help eliminating the
bridging of materials in bottom unloading silos. The interior silo wall is smooth and all
fasteners are located on the outside of the bin silos. Smooth wall bin design largely
contributes to bridging problems since all wall sheet offsets, corrugations and bolt
heads on inside walls are eliminated.

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Smooth walls are clean and have no contamination problems and this makes Smooth
Wall Hopper Bin a good choice for food or grain storage. > Flange and angle silo wall
construction which creates a smooth interior wall also provides tight joints while
permitting normal expansion and contraction from radical ambient temperature
changes and when absorbing foreign vibrations.

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SMOOTH WALL SILOS

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STAINLESS STEEL SILOS This type of silos are manufactured by stainless steel. v/ This
style of silo adopts 4mm thick stainless steel, higher-grade coatings, screw seal and
welding structure, which means less maintenance and long working life. v/ They have
the ability to eliminate cross contamination and easy to install. v/ Stainless steel silos
are widely in industrial areas especially Cement Industry and agricultural industry.

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SALIENT FEATURES OF STAINLESS STEEL Portability User-friendly Less maintenance
Resistant to climatic variations Defect free Long working life Short construction period
Trustworthy performance Ability to eliminate cross contamination Can withstand
extensive use of open field

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STAINLESS - T 冖 SILOS

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CORRUGATED STEEL SILOS We manufacture a range of steel grain silos and metal silos
that match with the highest quality standards and can be applied to various industries.
v/ Corrugated steel grain silo is made from stainless steel (ripple steel sheet), known for
high tensile strength and non reactivity. With experienced metal silo designing and
constructing teams, we can promise long working life and less maintenance of it,
offering our clients suitable silo system for a competitive price. v/ This corrugated steel
grain silo can also meet the needs of portability, which means you can set the silo in
place at the project site by using a crane.

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ADVANTAGES OF CORRUGATED STEEL SILOS Low request for foundation, low basic cost
and low consumption of Steel. v/ High degree of standardization, easy to install, short
assembling period. Equipped with conveyor, monitoring, drying and ventilation devices
and this makes the storage safer and more automatic. v/ Long working period (more
than 30 years). Easy to maintain. Our corrugated steel silo is easy to remove or repair
since all the parts of the silo are connected by standard bolts.

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CORRUGATED STEEL SILOS

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BOLTED &WELDED STEEL SILOS v/ welded and bolted steel silos are one of the most
advanced storage silos in the market. v/ Our welded and bolted silos are recognized as
kind of industry standard. We supply both liquid storage silos and dry bulk storage silos.
v/ KMEC China offers a range of welded steel silos with varied diameters and storage
capacities. v/ Both stainless steel and epoxy-coated carbon steel silos are available. v/
And all these silos are designed to be water tight. Welded and bolted steel silos can be
widely applied for grain, food, mineral, chemical/petrochemical storage.

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WELDED SILOS KMEC's welded silos are constructed without gaskets, seams and bolts,
eliminating material hang up problems. v/ For welded epoxy-coated carbon steel silos,
the outside wall must be primed and enamel coated to prevent rusting and the inside
wall must be epoxy coated to keep away from contamination. But for welded stainless
steel silos, there is no need of any internal epoxy coating or external painting.

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BOLTED STEEL SILOS v/ Due to our stainless steel fabrication and carbon steel with
factory- baked protective coatings, along with a great selection of hardware and
gasketing, we can ensure the quality of our bolted steel silo and offer our clients reliable
storage solutions for various applications. v/ For additional protection, bolted steel silos
are supposed to utilize plastic encapsulated bolt heads and nut caps. Reliable assembly,
proven quality and the economy of silo fabrication makes our bolted steel silos the best
choice for industrial liquid storage applications.

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ELEVATED SILOS Elevated silos such as grain elevator silos in various capacities from 4
to 1450 tonnes. v/ Designed by experienced engineers, our elevated silos are praised
for high strength, durability and good sealing effect. Elevated silos can be applied for
both small grain storage and large commercial operations. Application: Suitable for
feed, bean, corn, rice, wheat, cement storage and grain- processing. It can also be used
as warehouse, especially for grain storage.

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Features: Rapid emptying; Gas Sealed; Pest Eradication, no chemical residues, no risk of
insect resistance. Custom-made elevator silo available. Clean design, no internal
stiffeners. Movable and easy to install; Low cost and long service life (more than 30
years); Easy to maintain.

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TOWER SILOS Advanced tower silos are strong enough to withstand wind and storm
damage. Furthermore, quality control and on-site inspection is required during
construction. In generally, there are two styles of tower silo, one is tower silos with
antennas (antennas are mounted on the outside wall) and the other is wireless silo
tower with the antennas hidden (antennas are mounted inside or under a fiberglass
roof). v/ Tower silos can also be designed with equipment rooms inside the silo. During
the silo construction, we have quality control and on- site inspection to keep the
strength and safety.

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v/ In old days, tall, bullet-shaped tower silos are used for storing forage crops for
feeding animals. Over about 40 years, the design, construction and foundation have
been largely improved. Small size silo fabricating may be not that difficult for contractor
or distributor. But for large tower silos, experience, technical knowledge and thorough
soil investigation is quite necessary. v/ That is to say, you are recommended to find a
reliable and large tower silo manufacturer, so that you can get optimal silo plans and
professional guidance. Besides, the properties of the foundation silos should also be
taken into account in silo design.

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Air-Tight Doors Structurally Sound Wall Unloading Auger Adequate Size Footings Smooth
Wall Plastic Moisture Barrier Previous Floor - Silage Leak-Proof Roof Moisture-Proof Wall
Tight Hoops Extra Hooping New Concrete Floor Above Grade Aeration System
Compacted Fill

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TRANSPORTABLE SILOS Transportable silos adopt cone or hopper design and are
available in many diameters and capacities (8—115 tonnes). Our transportable storage
silos are widely applied for grain storage, covering flour, legumes and granulated
fertilizer.
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LIPP SILOS The most advanced Lipp Silo construction machine and Lipp patented
technologies are widely used in the field of grain & oil, brewage, cement, glass,
ceramics, petrochemical, wastewater treatment and biogas project etc. v/
Manufacturing capacity reaches 5 million cubic meter, the silos built by KMEC distribute
in every province and autonomous region of china and have already entered into
international market successfully.

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Construction Materials According to stored materials, sanitation requirements and anti-


corrosive requirements, the following materials could be used to carry out double
folding to meet the requirements of various usages such as steel plate, galvanized steel
plate, aluminum plate, alloy aluminum plate, stainless steel plate, nickel plate and our
patented material-Werinox. Construction Equipments v/ Lipp technology and
equipments was invented by German — Savar Lipp, Lipp equipment include decoiler,
former, bender, scaffold and high frequency stud welding machine.

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v/ Folding Station: The bent material is rolled and folded into a spiral silo body. Profiling
Station: Material is bent into the preliminary shape and the right diameter. v/ Carrier
Frame: It carries the spiral up-rising silo body with the right diameter. Coil Unwinder:
Steel plate coil is unwinded on it. v/ High Frequency Stud Welder: To weld the stiffener
on silo body with bolt and so avoiding the destruction on material surface. Construction
Procedure v/ Positioning of Lipp Euipment — Coiling Steel Plate — Siloroof Installation —
Silo Lifting — Silo Lowering and Fixing — Corridor and Auxiliary Equipments Installation

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