Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Problem #1
σ x = 10500 psi , Tensile
σ y = −5500 psi
τ xy = 4000 psi
σ3 = 0
Principal stresses:
2
σ +σ y σx −σ y
σ1,σ 2 = x ± + τ xy2
2 2
Substitute values from above yields:
σ 1 = 11444 psi
σ 2 = −6444 psi
The maximum shear stress is determined by these two principal stresses as:
Max(τ max,12 , τ max,13 ,τ max, 23 )
σ1 − σ 2 σ −σ3 σ2 −σ3
τ max,12 = τ max,1,3 = 1 τ max, 23 =
2 2 2
11444 + 6444
τ max = = 8944 psi
2
Note that the other maximum shear stresses are less than this value.
Problem #2
6 ft
Q
20000 lb
4.5 ft 4.5 ft
The 2000 lbs creates a bending stress at Q that is tensile and is equal to:
Mzy
σx =
Iz
Where
M z = 2000 * 4.5 *12
d
y= =2
2
πd 4
Iz =
64
Substituting into the bending formula, we get
σ x = 17188 psi
The stress due to the axial load is compressive and is equal to:
F 20000
σ x' = = = 1591 psi
A π ( 2) 2
The total stress is:
σ = 17188 − 1591 ≅ 15600
Problem #4
D a
c
b 7/8
y
3/8
1.5
Location of centeroid:
Ay =2 Aa y a +Ab y b
1.125 y =2(. 375 )(. 75 ) +.375 (. 5)
y =0.667
The area moment of inertia:
I z = 2I a + I b
1
Ia = (. 25 )(1.5) 3 + .375 (. 75 −.667 ) 2
12
1
Ib = (1.5)(. 25 ) 3 + .375 (. 667 −.375 − .125 ) 2
12
The answer is:
I z = 0.158 in 4
The stress at D is:
M z c 10000 * (0.833)
σ= = = 57200 psi
Iz 0.158
note that c=1.5-0.667=0.833
τ xy
σ x
Problem #7
30”
20”
The forces in the upper portion (Fu) and lower portion (FL) are:
KU KL
FU = F FL = F
KU + K L KU + K L
Where
EA EA
KU = and KL =
30 20
Substituting into the force expressions:
1
30 2
FU = F= (800) = 320 lbs
1 1 5
+
30 20
3
FL = F = 480
5
The maximum stress is (480/0.5)=960 psi
Problem #8
4 ft 6 ft
The torque is divided according to torsional stiffnesses. In this case the left
supports picks us (6/10)=0.6 of the torque and the right support takes 0.4 of
the torque.
Problem #9
y-bar
Cross-section
yc
The stress is
VQ
τ=
IZb
Finding the centroid is as before:
2 * 4 * ( 2 + 4 + 1)
y= = 3.5
2( 2 * 4)
The area moment of inertia is:
1 1
I = ( 2)( 4) 3 + ( 2)( 4)( 3.5 − 2) 2 + ( 4)( 2) 3 + ( 2)( 4)( 5 − 3.5) 2 = 49 .3
12 12
Q is
Q = ( 2)( 4)( 5 − 3.5) =12
and
VQ V (12 )
τ= = = 11 ⇒ V = 90 .4 lbs
I Z b 49 .3( 2)
Problem #10
Y
Problem #11
Problem #12
The critical point is the inner radius. The tangential stress is:
P −P
Pi ri 2 − Po ro2 − ri 2 ro2 o 2 i
σt = r
ro − ri
2 2
σ x
Problem #S13
Problem #S14
E = 207 * 10 3 R = 20 ri = 0 ro = 40
6”
12”
6”
1000 1000
# S15 # S16
Problem #S15: Using the impact formula and simplifying for h>>δ :
2hk 2 * 1 * 2.5 * 10 6
Fe =
W
W = (1000 ) = 70 .7 * 10 3 lbs
1000
6
AE 1 * 30 * 10
K = = = 2.5 * 10 6
L 12
Problem #S16: The two bars form a pair of two springs in series. The
equivalent spring is:
K1 K 2 AA E 1(2) 30 * 10 6
Ke = = 1 2 ( )= ( ) = 33.3 *10 6 lb / in
K1 + K 2 A1 + A2 L1 1+ 2 6
2hk 2 * 1 * 3.33 * 10 6
Fe = W
W =
(1000 ) = 81 .6 * 10 3 lbs
1000
σ max = 81 .6 ksi
Problem #17
πd 4 π (1.5) 4
A = πr 2 = 1.767 and I= = = .2485
64 64
I
and k= = .375
A
The limit for the use of Euler versus Johnson formula is:
l 2π 2 CE 2π 2 (1)(30 * 10 6 )
= = = 93 .3
k 1 Sy 68000
Since the slenderness ratio is larger than the limit, the Euler formula applies:
SF=20438/5655 = 3.6
l 18
= = 82
k 0.0288
.60
We have to use the Johnson Formula:
SyL 1
2
1 68000 *18 2
Pcr = AS y − = 0.6 68000 − ( ) = 24975 lbs
2πk CE 30 * 10 6
2π (. 219 )
24975
SF = = 4.42
5655
Tr 16T 16 * 20000
τ= = = = 12732 .4 psi
J πd 3 π (2) 3
.58 S y .58 * 50000
FS = = = 2.27
τ 12732 .4
Based on MST:
.5S y
FS = =2
τ
Problem #S19
0.0147 ω 2 = 30000
⇒ ω = 1428 rad / sec ≡ 13600 rpm
Problem #S21
The question in this problem is the factor of safety against eventual fatigue
failure. First we calculate the maximum nominal shear stress:
Tr 56(103 )(10)
τ= = = 35.6 Mpa
J π
(20) 4
32
We would apply the fatigue stress concentration factor to the nominal stress
to get the actual stress
τ = 1.48 (35 .6) = 52 .8 Mpa
The need to find the VonMises stress and compare it to strength
σv , a = 3τ 2 = 91 .4 Mpa
On the strength side, the estimate of the endurance limit of the rotating
bending fatigue specimen is half of the tensile strength for steels:
Se' = (0.5)518 = 259 Mpa
Applying the correction factors to estimate the endurance limit of this part:
Se = (0.9)( 0.78 )( 256 ) =182 Mpa
The factor of safety is:
182
n= =2
91