COURSE 16

December 11, 2008

Past Tense Simple

happened Now

s-a petrecut
Past Tense Continuous
was happening Now

‿ ‿ ‿ ‿ ‿ ► WAS/ WERE [DO]-ING

⁀ ⁀ ⁀ ⁀ ⁀
se petrecea
had
to have
was having
called
to call
was calling
broke
to break
was breaking
to break down – a-şi înceta funcţionarea, a se opri, a se prabuşi, a face pană
sang
to sing
was singing
took
to take
was taking
rang
to ring
was ringing
fell
to fall
was falling
met
to meet
was meeting
 hit
to hit
was hitting
lost
to lose
was losing
shopped
to shop
was shopping
found
to find
was finding
heard [ h ə: d ]
to hear
––
saw [ s Ɔ: ]
to see
––
woke
to wake
was waking
left
to leave
was leaving
told
to tell
was telling
became
to become – a deveni; a se face
was becoming
to become nervous
worried
agitated
angry

In-laws
in-laws – rude prin alianţă
mother-in-law – soacră
father-in-law – socru
son-in-law – ginere
daughter-in-law – noră
 brother-in-law – cumnat
sister-in-law – cumnată

WHILE [ w ai l ] – în timp ce
to turn ON – a deschide (un aparat/apa/lumina)
to turn OFF – a închide (un aparat/apa/lumina)

Nouns with the same form in the singular & in the plural
sheep – oaie/oi
I saw a sheep in the field.
I saw some sheep in the field.
deer [ d iə ] – cerb/cerbi, căprioară/căprioare
reindeer [ r ei n d iə ] – ren/reni
trout [ t r au t ] – păstrăv/păstrăvi
tuna [ t j u: n ə ] – ton/toni
fish – peşte/peşti
fishes – peşte de mai multe specii
fruit – fruct/fructe
fruits – fructe de soiuri diferite
counsel – avocat/avocaţi
counsel for the defense – avocatul apărării
counsel for the prosecution – avocatul acuzării

IN FRONT OF [ i n f r ʌ n t ə v ]
BEHIND [ b i h ai n d ] BEHIND
(în spatele)

IN FRONT OF
(în faţa, înaintea)

to wound [ w u: n d ] – a răni
 N: wound – rană
Adj: wounded – rănit

TO HAVE GOT (a avea, a poseda)

I have got a book = I have a book
Have you got children? = Do you have children?
Affirmative
I have got – I’ve got
you have got – you’ve got
he has got – he’s got
we have got – we’ve got
you have got – you’ve got
they have got – they’ve got
Negative
I have not got – I’ve not got
I haven’t got
you have not got – you’ve not got
you haven’t got
he has got – he’s got
he hasn’t got
we have got – we’ve got
we haven’t got
you have got – you’ve got
you haven’t got
they have got – they’ve got
they haven’t got
Interrogative
Have I got? Have we got?
Have you got? Have you got?
Has he got? Have they got?
Interrogative-negative
Have I not got? – Haven’t I got?
Have you not got? – Haven’t you got?
Has he not got? – Hasn’t he got?
Have we not got? – Haven’t we got?
Have you not got? – Haven’t you got?
Have they not got? – Haven’t they got?
 Have you got _____________?
Yes, I/we have.
No, I/we haven’t.

Have you got a dog?

Yes, I have.
Have you got a big house?
No, I haven’t.

Formulas used in a restaurant

Will you do __________?
(vrei să faci/ vreţi să faceţi?)
Will you be so kind and do _________?
(eşti bun/amabil/drăguţ să faci…? / sunteţi bun/amabil/drăguţ să faceţi….?)
* La un local, se foloseşte viitorul (cu verbul TO HAVE) pentru a da comanda.
I will have/I’ll have __________ .
I will have/I’ll have a beer, please.
I’ll have fried potatoes.
I’ll have some roast beef.
What will you have, sir/madam?
I’ll have _____________ .
Here you are! – Poftim/Poftiţi!
Would you like __________ ?
Yes, I would.
No, I wouldn’t.
Anything else? – Altceva?/ Mai doriţi ceva?
waiter [ w ei t ə ] – chelner
waitress – chelneriţă
customer [ k ʌ s t ə m ə ] – client
bill [ b i l ] – notă de plată
menu [ m e n j u: ] – listă de bucate, meniu
receipt [ r i s i: t ] – bon, chitanţă
dessert [ d i z ə: t ] – desert
in a minute/ immediately – imediat
SIR [ s ə: ] – domnule
MADAM [ m æ d ə m ] – doamnă
roast beef [ r əu s t b i: f ] – friptură de vită
mushroom [ m ʌ  r u m ] – ciupercă
mashed potatoes – piure de cartofi
vanilla [ v ə n i l ə ] – vanilie
cream [ k r i: m ] 1. smântână (sour cream)
2. cremă, frişcă (whipped cream)
delighted [ d i l ai t i d ] – încântat
lately [ l ei t l i ] – în ultima vreme
upset [ ə p s e t ] – supărat, mâhnit
each [ i: t ] – fiecare
each time – de fiecare dată
each of us – fiecare din noi
each of you – fiecare din voi
each of them – fiecare din ei/ele
main [ m ei n ] – principal
tulip [ t j u: l i p ] – lalea
rose [ r əu z ] – trandafir
lily [ l i l i ] – crin
seed [ s i: d ] – sămânţă
whisper [ w i s p ə ] – şoaptă
to whisper – a şopti
on one’s own – de unul singur, pe cont propriu
on my own
on your own
on his/her own
to be on – a rula, a se transmite (despre filme, emisiuni TV/radio)
What’s on? (ce se transmite?)
It’s the news.
It’s the weather forecast.
It’s a film.
It’s a talk-show.
TO READ [ r i: d ], READ [ r e d ] , READ [ r e d ] – a citi
director [ d ai r e k t ə ] – regizor
to direct [ d ai r e k t ] – a filma, a regiza