MEASUREMENT AND MOTION

II Short Answer questions.

1.What is the need of standard units for measurement?

A: The results of the measurement would not be uniform if the unit is not fixed
.Therefore there is a need for the standard unit for measurement .

2.Write the units of length,mass and time in FPS,SI and CGS systems.

A.F PS system -Foot (length) Pound (mass) second (time)

CGS system-Centimeter (length) Gram (mass) Second (time)

SI Units Length (Metre) Mass ( Kilogram) Time ( Second)

3.Name the common tools for measuring length.

A:The measuring tape, ruler and metre scale are the common tools for measuring
length.

4.Define length. Name its various units .

A: The distance between any two points is defined as the Length. Metre, Centimetre,
Millimetre, inch and Foot are some common units for measuring length.

5.When is the object said to be at rest ?

A: An object is said to be at rest if its position does not change with respect to its
surroundings in a given time .

6.What is a periodic motion . Give an example .

A: A motion that repeats itself after regular intervals of time is called periodic
motion. Eg: swinging of a pendulum.

7.What are the types of motion associated with a moving bicycle?

A: Rotational and translatory motion are the types of motion associated with a
moving bicycle.

III. Long Answer questions.

1. Explain in detail the history of transport and how better modes have evolved.

A:Learn from pg 137(Students need not write in their notebook)

2. What are the points to be kept in mind for accurate measurement of length?

A: Place the ruler exactly along the length of the object to be measured.
 In case the edge of the ruler is broken or worn out, and the 0 mark cannot be
seen properly, place the object in line with any other clear mark.Subtract two
readings.

While taking the measurement, keep your eye vertically above the reading.
taking the reading from any other position will lead to incorrect measurement.

3.Expain how you measure the length of a curved line using a thread .

A: To be done as an Activity… students to use woollen thread to measure the

length of a curved line in their notebook and write the length.

(To measure the length of a curved line using a thread we need to perform the
following steps .

● Take a thread( non stretchable) and tie a knot and place it along the curved
line from a point say X .

● Place the thread along the curved line by pressing it with fingers .

● Continue to measure till you reach to the end of the cured line say Point Y

● Now make a marking on the thread that coincides with point Y.

● Using a ruler , measure the length of the thread from the initial knot to the
final marking Y. This gives the length of curved line XY)

4.Describe the concept of rest and motion with the help of real life situation

A: A student travelling in a school bus along with the others is at rest with
respect to his passengers in the bus but ,he is in motion with respect to the buildings
and trees outside the bus with respect to time .

5. What is a translatory motion?Explain the types of translatory motion with the help
of examples .

A: The motion in which all parts of an object move through the same distance in the
same time is called translatory motion.

Translatory motion is of two types: i) Rectilinear Motion and Curvilinear Motion

 Rectilinear Motion: When an object moves along a straight line it is said to be in
rectilinear motion.Ex:An apple falling down from a tree, a vehicle moving on a
straight road, soldiers marching in a parade and a bullet shot from a gun.

When an object moves along a curved path, it is said to be in curvilinear motion.

Ex: A train moving along a curved track and a ball thrown at an angle.

6. Describe the following with suitable examples.

A. (i) Rotational Motion: The motion in which an object moves about a fixed axis
without any change in its radius is called rotational motion. In this motion,different
parts of the object move through different distances in the same duration of time.
Examples of rotational motion are:

● a spinning top or potter’s wheel

● planet earth rotating on its own axis
● a moving fan or wind mill
● a merry go round-rotating

(ii) Oscillatory Motion: When an object moves to-and-fro or back-and-forth about

a fixed point, it is said to be in oscillatory motion.Motion of a swing and the
pendulum of a clock are the examples of oscillatory motion.When the string of the
guitar is plucked, it moves to-and -fro rapidly.Similarly, when a drum is struck, its
membrane moves back-and-forth very fast.Very fast to-and-fro motions are called
vibratory motions. the motion of the ball in a football

(iii) Random Motion: A motion is said to be random when the direction and the
speed of the object keeps changing.Birds flying in the sky, a honey bee buzzing
around in the park, the motion of a ball in a football match, the flying of a dandelion
seed in air and the waving of a flag are all examples of random motion.

7.a: Measuring the length of the science note book

b Distance between Raghav`s house and Monis` house in metre is = 32000000/1000=

32000m

c:The distance between Delhi and Agra = 210km

The distance between Delhi and Agra is in Meters = 210x 1000= 210000m
HOTS 148

. B: a Second week

b: Average rainfall in the week = Total rainfall / No of weeks

= 25+15+17+20= 77

No weeks = 4

= 77/4= 19.25mm

B: a Second week

b: Average rainfall in the week = Total rainfall / No of weeks

= 25+15+17+20= 77

No weeks = 4

= 77/4= 19.25mm

No weeks = 4

= 77/4= 19.25mm

C: Give Reasons :

1. Any two professions like a Driver and Cook

2. a : Rest position
b. My friend will be in motion

Extra HOTs Questions: -

1.Write the similarities and differences between the motion of a bicycle and a ceiling
fan that has been switched on.
Ans: Similarity:- Both the wheel and ceiling fan produces rotational motion on fixed
axis.
Dissimilarity:- Bicycle moves forward in rectilinear motion but ceiling fan doesn’t
show any such motion.
2. Why could you not use an elastic measuring tape for measuring distance? What
would be some of the problems you would meet in telling someone about a distance
you measured with an elastic tape?
Ans: Since the tape is stretchable its measurements would be inaccurate, therefore
we cannot use it as measuring tape. While measuring a distance we need to tell
someone how much tape has been stretched which is difficult to measure. It leads to
incorrect measures.

Extra points on measurements

● Smaller measurements of a unit are called sub multiples { mm and cm } and

larger measurements are called multiples eg: km
● Parallax error – The error that can arise due to the wrong positioning of the
eye during measurement is called parallax error.
● A handspan is the length from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the little
finger of a stretched hand.
● Kelvin (K) is the SI unit of temperature.
● Average = Sum of the observations / number of observations
● An object is said to be in motion if it changes its position with respect to its
surroundings in a given time.
● Rest – A body is said to be at rest if it does not change its position with respect
to its surroundings in unit time.

Activity: Paste the pictures of different types of motion and write about it on an A4
size sheet.