Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
1 Two pupils wish to measure the average speeds of cars as they travel
between Craighall Crescent and Craighall Avenue. State what apparatus they
would use, the measurements they would make and how they would be
made. Also state how they would calculate the average speed from their
measurements.
(3)
2 Show, using a labelled diagram, how you would measure the instantaneous
speed of a trolley at the foot of an inclined plane. State the measurements
taken and show how the instantaneous speed would be calculated from your
measurements.
(3)
3 While traveling from Glasgow to Kilmarnock, the driver of a car looks at the
speedometer and notices her speed as 90 km per hour. However, it takes 40
minutes to travel the 40 km journey.
(a) Calculate the average speed in km per hour.
(2)
(b) State two different occasions when the driver’s instantaneous speed
would be less than her average speed.
(2)
(c) Calculate what the driver’s instantaneous speed of 90 km per hour
would be in metres per second.
(2)
4 A plane leaves London Heathrow at 7.25 GMT and arrives in New York JFK
at 12.10 GMT.
Station TimeDistance
Glasgow dep. 1800
Falkirk arr. 1820 28 km
dep. 1830
Linlithgow arr. 1838 12 km
dep. 1840
Edinburgh arr. 1905 34 km
(a) Calculate the average speed in metres per second from Glasgow to
Falkirk.
(1)
(b) Calculate the average speed in metres per second from Glasgow to
Edinburgh.
(1)
(c) Give a reason why the average speeds calculated in (a) and (b) are
different.
(1)
Total Mark = 20
(1)
2 State the difference between ‘distance’ and ‘displacement’.
(1)
3 State the difference between ‘speed’ and ‘velocity’.
(1)
4 An orienteer ran 6 km North and then 8 km East. He ran on level ground and it took
him 2 hours.
(a) Calculate his average speed.
(b) Calculate his average velocity (give magnitude and direction).
(3)
7 A runner follows the path shown starting at A and arriving at B ten seconds later.
30m
B
40m
A
Total mark = 14
Homework 3 - Acceleration
1 State what is meant by acceleration.
(1)
2 A cyclist takes 10 seconds to reach a speed of 14 m/s. Calculate the cyclist’s
acceleration.
(2)
3 Calculate the final speed of a rocket which accelerates at 200 m/s2 from rest
for 6.8 seconds.
The speeds of supersonic aircraft and missiles are often stated in Mach
numbers. The Mach number is the ratio of the speed of the body through air
to the speed of sound in air. Express the final speed of the rocket as a Mach
number if the speed of sound in air is 340 m/s.
(3)
v(m/s) 5
t (s)
3 6 8
7
a) If 1 km = 5/8 mile, calculate how many metres there are in 1 mile.
b) Express 33 m/s in :
i. km per hour,
ii. miles per hour.
c) Was the motorist in question 6 exceeding the motorway speed limit ?
(3)
Total mark = 20
1 We cannot say what a force is, we can only say what a force does. State
three things that forces can do.
(1)
2 A pupil is asked to measure the force required to pull a box along the floor
and then to measure the force required to lift the box onto a table.
(a) Describe how the pupil would measure these forces using a
Newton balance.
(3)
(b) Which of the forces would normally be greater?
(1)
(c) When the Newton balance measures forces, what is happening inside
the balance.
(1)
3 What is weight ?
(1)
4 What is the difference between mass and weight ? Also state the units that
each is measured in measured in.
(2)
(b) When the gravitational field strength changes, is it the mass or weight
which remains constant ?
(1)
(d) A man has a mass of 70 kg. Calculate what his weight would be
:
(i) on Earth
(ii) on the Moon
(iii) on Mars
(iv) on Jupiter
(v) in outer space
(5)
Total mark = 20
2.
a) How does a sky diver increase the force of air friction acting on his body?
Explain the situation. (2)
b) How does a car designer reduce the force of air friction acting on a car. Explain the
situation. (2)
c) In a packing station boxes are pushed along a conveyer. How is friction reduced on
the conveyer ? Explain the situation. (2)
5 Newton’s First Law of Motion (Newton I) states that “if no unbalanced force acts on a
body then the body will remain at rest or move in a straight line with uniform speed”.
What does this tell us about what unbalanced forces do ?
(1)
6 Newton’s Second Law (Newton II) states that “the unbalanced force acting on a body
is proportional to the acceleration it produces; also, as the mass of the body
accelerated increases, then the acceleration decreases for a given force”. Write
down a formula for Newton II, stating the quantities which the symbols represent and
the units in which they are measured.
(2)
Rocket: 5000 kg
Thrusters: Each: 3000 kg
Each delivering 70000 N thrust.
Total mark = 20
1 If two forces act in the same direction how do you find their resultant?
(1)
2 If two forces act in opposite directions how do you find the magnitude and direction of
their resultant ?
(1)
3 To find the resultant of two forces which act at right angles to each other a vector
diagram must be drawn. How are the vectors representing the forces drawn ?
4 Two forces at right angles to each other act on a rock as shown below :
80N
A
80N
60N
60N B 80N
60N
a. Which diagram(s) correctly show(s) the vector diagram for the resultant?
7 A ball is thrown out of a window with a horizontal speed of 10 m/s. At the moment it
is released out of the window, the initial vertical speed is zero. It takes 4 s to reach
the ground.
Total mark = 20
6 A trolley of mass 0.8 kg travelling with a speed of 2.4 m/s hits an identical trolley.
Both trolleys stick together and move on.
a) Draw a labelled diagram of the situations before and after the collision. (2)
b) Calculate the speed of the trolleys after the collision. (2)
Total mark = 20
3 A man exerts a force of 2 kN on a rock but doesn’t shift it. How much work does he
do ?
(1)
4 A man has to exert an average force of 280 N to push a trolley round a supermarket.
If he does 208 kJ of work, how far does he walk ?
(2)
5 State the relationship between work done, power and time, stating the units each are
measured in.
(2)
7 A girl of mass 60 kg runs up a flight of stairs in 8.2 s. Each stair is 20 cm high and
their are 50 stairs in the flight.
Total mark = 20
1 Calculate the efficiency of a light bulb which uses 5400 J of electrical energy and
gives out 1080 J of light.
3 A solar cell is 8% efficient at changing the sunlight falling on it into electrical energy.
(a) If the sunlight provides 2 kW/m2 and the solar cell has an area of 7.5 m2, how
much electrical power is produced ?
(1)
(b) Calculate the number of square metres of solar cell are required to give a
power output equivalent to a 750 MW coal fired power station.
(1)
6 Calculate the rise in temperature when 10,000 J of heat are supplied to 2 kg of water.
(2)
Total mark = 20
(1)
2 What happens to the temperature of ice when it is melting ?
Does it gain or lose heat ?
(2)
(b) Calculate the energy required to bring the resulting water to boiling point.
(c) Calculate how much energy is required to change the water at its boiling point
into steam at 100 oC.
4 300 g of liquid ether are supplied with 2.8 x 105 J of energy and turned completely
into a vapour. Calculate the latent heat of vaporisation of ether.
(1)
6 A space capsule with a mass of 1440 kg re-enters the Earth’s atmosphere at 2000
m/s. The capsule has an average specific heat capacity of 1000 J/kg/oC.
Total mark = 24