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Follow 22 TCN 272-05 for bridge and Culvert designing standard

Open Culvert Concrete grade f'c=


b= 1000 mm ==> β=
L= 500 mm
h= 100 mm Rk=
ts= 50 mm Ec=

q= 6.8 kg/cm2 = 0.68 N/mm2


=> p= 278.8 N/mm
L= 500 mm

=> M= 9,493,750.00 N.mm


M
Preliminarily determine the number of reforcement rebar: A  1(1 0.51)  
0.85fc'bds2

fy= 240 Mpa ==>α= 0.193908


===> As= 860.901 mm 2

rebar diameter: d= 16 mm ==> n= 4.28


Choose : n= 5.00 ==>As= 1005.309649 mm2
reverification
The position of nuetral line will be determined base on the balance equation of compressive and tensile stress:
A s f y
C 
0 . 85 f c
'
 1 b

C= 11.322 mm
a= 9.462 mm
ds= 50 mm
a a
M ph  As f y (ds  )  As' f y' (  ds' )  0.85fc'b1c(ds  0.51c)  As' f y' (0.51
2 2
Destructive moment:
==> Mph= 10,922,278.62 N.mm OK
Verification of the maximum steel content:

C
Condition:  0 . 42
d c

Where: C= 11.322
dc = 50

C/dc= 0.23 < 0.42 OK


Verification of the minimum steel content:
'
f
Condition: P min  0 . 03 c

f y

Where : Pmin=As/b.h= 0.010 > 0.004


Result: OK
Final conclusion: OK
Follow The standart for bridge and Culvert designing dated in 1979
30 Mpa ϒc= 25 T/m3
0.836 440

1000
410
3.45 Mpa
930,977.31 Mpa

(or Mpa) 500


QT79

M
A   (1  0 . 5 ) 
ph
==>
 0.51) 
M
 0.148922 R u bh o2
0.85fc'bds2

A= 0.13 ==> α= 0.14


0.357
 R bh
F t  u o

R t

Where: R u= 30.00 Mpa


compressive and tensile stress: Rt= 240 Mpa
b= 1000 mm
ho= 50 mm
==> Ft= 848.78 mm2
Choose rebar:
d= 16 mm ==>n=
==> Choose n = 5 nos ==>Ft=
Verification:

b1c(ds  0.51c)  As' f y' (0.51c  ds ) ==> α= 0.16 ==> A= 0.15


==>Mph= 11,093,494.20 N.mm
Result: OK
esigning dated in 1979 (Former Standard)

  1 1 2A

4.22
1,005.31 mm2

and x= 8.04 mm
Follow 22 TCN 272-05 for bridge and Culvert designing standard
Open Culvert Concrete grade f'c=
b= 4000 mm ==> β=
L= 1900 mm
h= 200 mm R k=
at= 50 mm Ec=
===> Effective height of cross section:
ds= 150 mm
q= 6.8 kg/cm2 = 0.68 N/mm2
=> p= 278.8 N/mm
L= 1900 mm

=> M= 216,058,500.00 N.mm


Base on the theory of the balance for compressive and tensile stress of concrete and steell an

Moments of the compressive and tensile stress at the center line of tensile rebar or compress
we have these equation as follow:
a a
M ph  As f y (d s  )  A s' f y' (  d s' )  0 . 85 f c' bd s2  1 (1  0 . 5  1 )  A s' f y
2 2
A s f y  A s' f y'  0 . 85 f c' bd s  1

Define: α=C/ds
and A  1 (1  0.51 )

The structure of reinforcement concrete shall meet the criteria of the ultimate steel contents

S b  0 .8 S o
<===> β1α=
and A=
Rebars arrangement:
-Compressive rebar:
Sellect: d'= 16 mm d's=
f'y= 280 Mpa

Preliminarily determine the number of compressive rebars:


Compressive rebar area:
A's= -22,697.17 mm2 ==> n'=
Sellect: n'= 18 nos ==> A's=
-Tensile rebar:
Sellect: d= 16 mm ds=
f y= 280 Mpa
The number of tensile rebar will be determined as follow:
Tensile rebar area:
As= 33,672.69 mm2 ==> n=
Sellect: n= 22 nos ==> As=

Re-Verification the force bearing capactity of reinforcement concrete:

Coefficient β1α= 0.01 ==> OK


and A= 0.01
The distance from outer side of compressive concrete area to the nuetral line as follow:
C= 2.64 mm
The height of compressive stress block will be:
a= 2.21 mm
The Ultimate destructive moment will be determined as follow:
Mph= 223,829,511.72 N.mm > M
Conclusion: PASS

Verification of the maximum steel content:


C
Condition:  0 . 42
d c

Where: C= 2.64 mm
dc = 150

C/dc= 0.02 < 0.42 OK

Verification of the minimum steel content:


'
f
Condition: P min  0 . 03 c

f y

Where : Pmin=As/b.h= 0.006 > 0.003


Result: OK
Final conclusion:
Follow The standart for bridge and Culvert designing dated in 19
30 Mpa ϒ c= 25 T/m3
0.836 440

410
3.45 Mpa
930,977.31 Mpa

1900
(or Mpa)
QT79

M
A   (1  0 .5 ) 
ph
ensile stress of concrete and steell and the balance of R u bh o2
enter line of tensile rebar or compressive concrete area

f c' bd s2  1 (1  0 . 5  1 )  A s' f y' ( d s  d s' )

criteria of the ultimate steel contents where :

0.55
0.40

40.00 mm

-113 nos
3619 mm2

150.00 mm
167.47 nos
4,423.36 mm2
d Culvert designing dated in 1979 (Former Standard)
4000

==>   1 1 2A
Follow 22 TCN 272-05 for bridge and Culvert designing standard
Open Culvert Concrete grade f'c=
b= 4000 mm ==> β=
L= 1900 mm
h= 200 mm R k=
at= 50 mm Ec=
===> Effective height of cross section:
ds= 150 mm
q= 6.8 kg/cm2 = 0.68 N/mm2
=> p= 278.8 N/mm
L= 1900 mm

=> M= 216,058,500.00 N.mm


Base on the theory of the balance for compressive and tensile stress of concrete and steell an

Moments of the compressive and tensile stress at the center line of tensile rebar or compress
we have these equation as follow:
a a
M ph  As f y (d s  )  A s' f y' (  d s' )  0 . 85 f c' bd s2  1 (1  0 . 5  1 )  A s' f y
2 2
A s f y  A s' f y'  0 . 85 f c' bd s  1

Define: α=C/ds
and A  1 (1  0.51 )

The structure of reinforcement concrete shall meet the criteria of the ultimate steel contents

S b  0 .8 S o
<===> β1α=
and A=
Rebars arrangement:
-Compressive rebar:
Sellect: d'= 16 mm d's=
f'y= 280 Mpa

Preliminarily determine the number of compressive rebars:


Compressive rebar area:
A's= -22,697.17 mm2 ==> n'=
Sellect: n'= -112 nos ==> A's=
-Tensile rebar:
Sellect: d= 16 mm ds=
f y= 280 Mpa
The number of tensile rebar will be determined as follow:
Tensile rebar area:
As= 7,534.64 mm2 ==> n=
Sellect: n= 38.00 nos ==> As=

Re-Verification the force bearing capactity of reinforcement concrete:

Coefficient β1α= 0.55 ==> Fail


and A= 0.40
The distance from outer side of compressive concrete area to the nuetral line as follow:
C= 99.07 mm
The height of compressive stress block will be:
a= 82.79 mm
The Ultimate destructive moment will be determined as follow:
Mph= 241,134,887.05 N.mm > M
Conclusion: PASS

Verification of the maximum steel content:


C
Condition:  0 . 42
d c

Where: C= 99.07 mm
dc = 150

C/dc= 0.66 > 0.42 Fail

Verification of the minimum steel content:


'
f
Condition: P min  0 . 03 c

f y

Where : Pmin=As/b.h= 0.010 > 0.003


Result: OK
Final conclusion:
Follow The standart for bridge and Culvert designing dated in 19
30 Mpa ϒ c= 25 T/m3
0.836 440

410
3.45 Mpa
930,977.31 Mpa

1900
(or Mpa)
QT79

M
A   (1  0 .5 ) 
ph
ensile stress of concrete and steell and the balance of R u bh o2
enter line of tensile rebar or compressive concrete area

f c' bd s2  1 (1  0 . 5  1 )  A s' f y' ( d s  d s' )

criteria of the ultimate steel contents where :

0.55
0.40

40.00 mm

-113 nos
-22519 mm2

150.00 mm
37.47 nos
7,640.35 mm2
d Culvert designing dated in 1979 (Former Standard)
4000

==>   1 1 2A
Follow 22 TCN 272-05 for bridge and Culvert designing standard
Open Culvert Concrete grade f'c=
b= 4000 mm ==> β=
L= 1900 mm
h= 200 mm R k=
ts= 50 mm Ec=

q= 6.8 kg/cm2 = 0.68 N/mm2


=> p= 278.8 N/mm
L= 1900 mm

=> M= 216,058,500.00 N.mm


M
Preliminarily determine the number of reforcement rebar: A  1(1 0.51)  
0.85fc'bds2

fy= 240 Mpa ==>α= 0.12


===> As= 6,314.34 mm 2

rebar diameter: d= 16 mm ==> n= 31.40


Choose : n= 32.00 ==>As= 6,434 mm2
reverification
The position of nuetral line will be determined base on the balance equation of compressive and tensile stress:
A s f y
C 
0 . 85 f c
'
 1 b

C= 18.11 mm
a= 15.14 mm
ds= 150 mm
a a
M ph  As f y (ds  )  As' f y' (  ds' )  0.85fc'b1c(ds  0.51c)  As' f y' (0.51
2 2
Destructive moment:
==> Mph= 219,935,026.58 N.mm OK
Verification of the maximum steel content:

C
Condition:  0 . 42
d c

Where: C= 18.11
dc = 150

C/dc= 0.12 < 0.42 OK


Verification of the minimum steel content:
'
f
Condition: P min  0 . 03 c

f y

Where : Pmin=As/b.h= 0.008 > 0.004


Result: OK
Final conclusion: OK
Follow The standart for bridge and Culvert designing dated in 1979
30 Mpa ϒc= 25 T/m3
0.836 440

4000
410
3.45 Mpa
930,977.31 Mpa

(or Mpa) 1900


QT79

M
A   (1  0 .5 ) 
ph
==>
(1 0.51) 
M
 0.09 R u bh o2
0.85fc'bds2

A= 0.08 ==> α= 0.08


0.357
 R bh
F t  u o

R t

Where: R u= 30.00 Mpa


of compressive and tensile stress: Rt= 240 Mpa
b= 4000 mm
ho= 150 mm
==> Ft= 6263.13762 mm2
Choose rebar:
d= 16 mm ==>n=
==> Choose n = 32 nos ==>Ft=
Verification:

fc'b1c(ds  0.51c)  As' f y' (0.51c  ds ) ==> α= 0.08578642 ==> A= 0.08


==>Mph= 221,688,274.07 N.mm
Result: OK
esigning dated in 1979 (Former Standard)

  1 1 2A

31.15029
6433.982 mm2

and x= 12.87 mm

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