University of Engineering and Technology Lahore

Chemical Engineering Department

“Environmental Engineering Lab Report”
Lab Instructor
Ma’am. Sana Ahmed
Submitted by
Group # 5
Muhammad Nadeem Azeem 2016-CH-39
Zohaib Ali 2016-CH-35
Faizan 2016-CH-25
Farhan ahmad 2016-CH-31

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Experiment:
Reduce the turbidity of a given sample of water
Objective:
To find the Optimum amount of Flocculent needed to reduce the turbidity of canal water

Apparatus:
 Standard test jar apparatus
 Ph meter
 4 beakers
 Turbidity unit

Reagents
 Coagulant Alum potash
 Flocculent Magma
 Canal water ( sample )

Procedure:
 Took 5 samples from canal water.
 We used one sample to compare the results.
 Measured the turbidity of this ( zero ) sample.
 Filled 4 beakers of 500ml with canal water.
 We added 0.5 ml of Alum Potash in each solution to make it neutral.
 We added 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 in four samples and started turbidity unit and stirred it for 10
minutes.
 Then we stopped the TU and left the samples for settling of flocculants.
 At the end we measured the turbidity of each samples and concluded the results.

Observation:
Initial
Final turbidity
Amount of turbidity Change in
Sample
flocculent(ml) turbidity
Ti (FNU) Tf (FNU)

1 0.1 557 25 532

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 2 0.2 557 29 528
3 0.3 557 46 511
4 0.4 557 50 507
Table # 1

Graph:

Change in Turbidity vs Amount of flocculent

535
530
Change in turbidity(FNU)

525
520
515
510
505
500
495
490
0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45
Amount of flocculent(mL)

Fig #1
Conclusion and Remarks:
The standard jar apparatus was running at a constant rpm but we needed to change the rpm and
it created ambiguities. The results are not satisfactory and showing a unrealistic behavior. it
means the sample included some unknown materials which effected the overall results. We
should be needed some other type of flocculent for this type of sample.

Applications:
The primary purpose of this apparatus is to find the optimum value of amount of flocculent and it
has its roots in water treatment industries, power plants, food and beverage industries.

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