TUISYEN IBNU SINA CHEMISTRY MODULE 15

CARBON COMPOUND

OIL & FAT AND NATURAL RUBBER

1. Fats and oils are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only.

(a) State the difference between oil and fat.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) Give two functions of fats in our body.

i. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….

ii. …………………………………………………………………………………………………

(c) Fats and oils are also natural esters.

(i) Give two chemicals needed to form this type of ester.

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(ii) Draw the structural formulae for the two chemicals that you mentioned in c(i).

(d) (i) What is meant by ‘unsaturated fatty acid’?

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(i) Name the chemical process that can convert unsaturated fat to saturated fat in
industry.

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(ii) State the conditions necessary for process d(i).

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TUISYEN IBNU SINA CHEMISTRY MODULE 15
CARBON COMPOUND

(d) How does this saturated fat can give harm to our body?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(f) What is the advantage of palm oil compared to other vegetable oil?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(g) Give one use of palm oil

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2. Rubber is a natural polymer. It is tapped naturally as latex.

(a) State the colour of the freshly tapped latex.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(b) (i) What is the monomer of natural rubber?

………………………………………………………………………………………………...

(ii) Draw the structural formulae for the monomer.

(c) Give two properties of natural rubber.

i. ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

ii. ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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TUISYEN IBNU SINA CHEMISTRY MODULE 15
CARBON COMPOUND

(e) Explain the coagulation process by completing the table below.

A rubber particle is made up of many long chain rubber

Rubber
molecule
molecules enclosed by a layer of ............................. The
protein membrane is ………………………...
A rubber particle
H+
When a dilute acid such as formic acid is added,
H+ H+ …………………………………………...
…………………………………………………….
H+ H+ …………………………………………………….
The ........................... rubber particles repel each other and
H+ prevent them from …….................
+
H …………………………………………………….

The particles become ……………..and no longer repel each

other. They …………… with each other.

The protein membrane ………………. and the rubber

molecules are …………………

The ……………… rubber molecules come closer

to ................................. and become ……………... This
enables latex to ………………..

(f) If latex is left overnight, it will coagulate. Explain.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(f) Latex can also be prevented from coagulating.

(i) Name the chemical that can prevent latex from coagulate.

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(ii) Explain.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

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TUISYEN IBNU SINA CHEMISTRY MODULE 15
CARBON COMPOUND

………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. The structure of natural rubber can be improve by carried out a process to make it harder
and increase its elasticity.
(a) (i) Name the process to improve the structure of rubber.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Name the element used for this process.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) Draw the structure of rubber after this process is carried out.

C C C C
C C C C
C C

Before After

(c) Explain two methods can be done for this process.

(i) ………………………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

(d) Why this type of rubber is stronger compared to natural rubber?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(e) Give two properties of this type of rubber compared to natural rubber other than make
it stronger and harder.

i. ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

ii. ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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TUISYEN IBNU SINA CHEMISTRY MODULE 15
CARBON COMPOUND

4. An experiment is done to compare the property of vulcanized rubber and unvulcanised

rubber.

clip

Rubber strip

weight
The results are shown in table below.

Type of Initial length Length with the Length after

rubber strip (cm) weight (cm) removal of
weight (cm)
Unvulnised 7.0 8.5 7.5
rubber
Vulcanised 7.0 7.8 7.0
rubber

(a) List all the variables for this experiment.

(i) manipulated variable : ………………………………………………………………..

(ii) responding variable : ………………………………………………………………...

(iii) Controlled variable : ………………………………………………………………..

(b) Write the hypothesis for this experiment.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

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TUISYEN IBNU SINA CHEMISTRY MODULE 15
CARBON COMPOUND

(c) From the data above,

(i) Which rubber strip produces more length when the weight is hung?

…………………………………………………………………………………………….
(ii) Which rubber strip returns to its original length when the weight is removed?

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(d) What is the conclusion for this experiment?

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(e) Give one use of vulcanized rubber.

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