4.

0 Review Questions: Infancy

1. Name the three patterns of physical development. HEAD TO FOOT,

NEAR TO FAR, SIMPLE TO COMPLEX.
2. A baby can lift its head before he sits up. What type of pattern for
physical development is this? HEAD TO FOOT
3. Define proportion. PROPORTION RELATES TO THE SIZE RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE BODY. (BABY’S HEAD AND
ABDOMEN ARE LARGE, AND THE LEGS AND ARMS ARE SHORT AND
SMALL)
4. Provide another term for soft spots on the baby’s head. FONTANELS
5. How is height measured for babies since they do not stand? LENGTH
INSTEAD OF HEIGHT IS MEASURED, LAYING DOWN
6. When does the umbilical cord fall off? 10 – 20 DAYS AFTER BIRTH
7. What is the average length of a newborn? 20 INCHES
8. What is the average length of an infant at one year old? 30 INCHES
9. Baby Alex is learning to hold his bottle. Later he will learn to turn the
pages of a book. What pattern of physical development is this? SIMPLE
TO COMPLEX
10. Describe the vision of an infant. VISION IS BLURY AND THEY SEE
CONTRAST
11. When does the infant learn to hear? INFANT LEARNS TO HEAR
INSIDE THE WOMB
12. Why does the baby like to touch faces and other things? TOUCH IS
USED FOR EXPLORATION
13. Should you wear heavy perfume or cologne around a baby? NO
(VERY HEAVY PERFUME MAY CAUSE BREATHING PROBLEMS FOR
BABY)
14. Name the difference between gross and fine motor skills. GROSS
MOTOR SKILLS INVOLVE LARGE MUSCLE MOVEMENTS LIKE
WALKING, WHILE FINE MOTOR SKILLS INVOLVE SMALL MUSCLE
MOVEMENTS LIKE THE FINGERS AND TOES.
15. Name two of the reflexes that are present at birth. GRASP,
ROOTING, STARTLE, BABINSKI, SUCKING
16. Fill-in-the-blank. Both social and emotional development follow
_______________ ________________. PREDICTABLE PATTERNS.
17. How long does it take for social and emotional development to fully
mature? SPAN OF A LIFETIME.
18. Fill-in-the-blank. Both social and emotional developments are
somewhat predictable in the _________________ that they occur. TIMING
19. Why does Erik Erikson relate trust and mistrust to social and
emotional development of infancy? TRUST IS THE FOUNDATION OF
HEALTHY EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN LATER LIFE
20. How many pounds to babies typically gain during the 1 st six months
of life? 1 TO 2 POUNDS PER MONTH
21. How many pounds to babies typically gain from six to twelve
months? 1 POUND PER MONTH
22. How much would a baby weigh at one year old if they weighed 6lbs
at birth and followed the typical growth pattern? 18 POUNDS
23. How can a spinal cord injury affect a baby? MAY NOT BE ABLE TO
SIT UP OR LEARN TO WALK.
24. Define self-concept. HOW YOU VIEW YOURSELF.
25. Which psychologist studied brain development and called his first
stage of brain development for infancy “sensorimotor”? JEAN PIAGET
26. Define neuron. NERVE CELL
27. What part of the neuron receives information from other neurons?
DENDRITES
28. What part of the neuron makes it easier for information to travel
through the neuron? MYELIN
29. Name the gaps between the neurons. SYNAPSE
30. What part of the neuron processes the information? CELL BODY
31. What transmits information from one neuron to the next neuron?
AXON
32. When can a baby typically crawl well? 9-10 MONTHS
33. When can a child walk alone? 11-12 MONTHS
34. When can a baby first eat infant cereal? 3-4 MONTHS
35. When can a baby stand with assistance? 7-8 MONTHS
36. What can a baby lift its head when placed on stomach? 1 MONTH
37. When can a baby sit up independently? 7-8 MONTHS
38. When can a baby roll over both ways? 7-8 MONTHS
39. When can a baby lift its head? I MONTH
40. When can a baby roll from tummy to back? 3-4 MONTHS
41. Fill-in-the-blank. Babies development ________________
______________ as they develop emotional and socially.
42. Explain the importance of trust and healthy attachments. PEOPLE
LEARN TO HANDLE THEIR EMOTIONS AND FORM HEALTHY
RELATIONSHIPS WHEN THEY ENTER ADULTHOOD.
43. Define imitation. THE INFANT MOCKS THE BEHAVIOR.
44. Name one early sign of emotional development. CRYING, MUSCLE
TENSION, SMILING, COOING, WIGGLING THE BODY.
45. Name one early sign of social development. RESPONDING TO A
VOICE, ENJOYING BEING PICKED UP, RESPONDING TO CUDDLING,
COMFORTING, SMILING WHEN A FACE/PERSON APPEARS, CRYING
WHEN A FACE/PERSON LEAVES.
46. To help stimulate brain development, parents should: PLAY WITH
CHILDREN, TELL THEM GOOD JOB, TALK TO THEM, ETC.
47. Name the function of the cerebrum. DIRECTS MOTOR ACTIVITIES
48. Name the function of the thalamus. CONTROLS THE WAY
EMOTIONS ARE EXPRESSED.
49. Name the function of the brain stem. CONTROLS INVOLUNTARY
ACTIVITIES SUCH AS BREATHING.
50. Name the function of the cerebellum. CONTROLS MUSCLE
COORDINATION, BALANCE, AND POSTURE
51. Name the function of the pituitary gland. RELEASES HORMONES
THAT CONTROL METABOLISM AND SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
52. Name the function of the spinal cord. CONTROLS SIMPLE
REFLEXES THAT DO NOT INVOLVE THE BRAIN.
53. Define object permanence. THE KNOWLEDGE THAT AN OBJECT
STILL EXISTS WHETHER THEY CAN SEE IT OR NOT.
54. Define language development. THE HUMAN USE OF SPOKEN OR
WRITTEN WORDS AS A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM.
55. Define bonding. FORMING A CLOSE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
PARENT AND CHILD.