Huawei 4

T
Static Route
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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved

Static is applied abroad in network
because of simple configuration and low
cost.
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Upon completion of this course, you will be
able to：
 Master static route configuration

 Master default route configuration
 Master route load balance and route
backup

Static Route
 It is configured by network administrator, and the configuration is simple.
 It need maintenance manually: when the network fails, the static route
won’t changed automatically.
 It is suitable for simple topological network.

Static Route Configuration
 Configuring a static route towards destination 10.1.1.1 on router B
RTA RTB
.1 1.1.1.0/24 .2
10.1.1.1/32 20.1.1.1/32
S0 S0
[RTB] ip route-static 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 1.1.1.1
or [RTB] ip route-static 10.1.1.1 32 1.1.1.1
Or [RTB] ip route-static 10.1.1.1 32 Serial 0

Static Route Configuration
<RTB> display ip routing-table

Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 7 Routes : 7
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface
1.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.2 Serial0
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.1 Serial0
1.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.1.1.1/32 Static 60 0 1.1.1.1 Serial0

Load Balance of Static Route
 Configuring 3 routes towards destination 10.1.1.1 of router A

on router B
RTA RTB
1.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1/32 20.1.1.1/32
.1 2.2.2.0/24 .2
3.3.3.0/24


Load Balance
[RTB] display ip routing-table

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost N
extHop Interface
1.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.2 Serial0
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.1 Serial0
……
10.1.1.1/32 Static 60 0 1.1.1.1 Serial0
Static 60 0 2.2.2.1 Serial1
……
ECMP realizes load-

balance

Route Backup of Static Route
 Configuring backup route towards destination 10.1.1.1 of router

A on router B
RTA RTB
1.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1/32 20.1.1.1/32
2.2.2.0/24
.1 .2
[RTB] ip route-static 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 2.2.2.1 preference 100

Backup Route

1.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.2 Serial0
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.1 Serial0
……
10.1.1.1/32 Static 60 0 1.1.1.1 Serial0
……
Router select the higher

preference route firstly

Router Backup
[RTB] display ip routing-table protocol static

Public Routing Table : Static Higher preference
Destinations : 1 Routes : 2 route is used
route and added
to routing table
Static Routing table Status : < Active>

10.1.1.1/32 Static 60 0 1.1.1.1 Serial0 Lower preference
route is backup
route, not added
Static Routing table Status : < Inactive> to routing table

10.1.1.1/32 Static 100 0 2.2.2.1 Serial1

Route Backup
Shut down the used link
[RTB-Serial0] shutdown
[RTB-Serial0] display ip routing-table
2.2.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.2 Serial1
2.2.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.1 Serial1
10.1.1.1/32 Static 100 0 2.2.2.1 Serial1
……
Backup route becomes

used route, and it is added
to routing table

Default Route
 Default route is special route, it can be configured as static route,
and some dynamic route can also create default route, such as
OSPF and IS-IS.
 In routing table, the destination of default route is 0.0.0.0 (mask is
also 0.0.0.0).
 When router received a data packet but can’t matches the
destination in routing table, it will send the data packet to the next
hop of default .

Default Route Configuration
 Configuring default route on router B
RTA RTB
1.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1/30 20.1.1.1/30
.1 .2

Default Route

0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 1.1.1.1 Serial0
1.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.2 Serial0
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.1 Serial0
10.1.1.1/32 Static 60 0 1.1.1.1 Serial0

Default Route
 Default route also support load balance and route backup.

0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 1.1.1.1 Serial0
1.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.2 Serial0
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 1.1.1.1 Serial0
2.2.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.2 Serial1
2.2.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.1 Serial1
……

Summary
 What’s the difference between

load balance and route backup
of static route?
 What’s default route?

Dynamic Routing Protocol
T
Basis
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.. All rights reserved

This course will introduce the basic concepts
of dynamic routing protocol, and it is the
basis for the later routing protocol principle.

able to:
 Know the common dynamic routing
protocol
 Know the classification of dynamic

routing protocol

 Routing protocol is like a language that used to exchange information
between the router, routers share the network status and network
reachable information via routing protocol.
 routers transmit and collect route select information via routing
protocol. Routing protocol defines a set of rules about communication
between the neighboring routers
 Calculating route dynamically, adapting network change, finding the
route from the local router to another network.

 RIP：Routing Information Protocol
 OSPF：Open Shortest Path First
 ISIS： Intermediate System to Intermediate System
 BGP：Border Gateway Protocol

Autonomous System
AS65000
AS65001
RIPv1/v2
BGP
OSPF
ISIS
 Autonomous system (AS)： it is a set of routers that are managed by

a single organization and using same path selection policy.

The Classification of Dynamic Routing Protocol
Working area
AS65000
AS65001
RIPv1/v2
BGP
OSPF
ISIS
 Routing protocol within AS—— IGP：RIPv1/v2, OSPF, ISIS

 Routing protocol across AS —— EGP：BGP

The Classification of Dynamic Routing Protocol
protocol algorithm
 Distance-vector routing protocol

Based on distance-vector algorithm
RIPv1/v2, BGP
 Link-state routing protocol
Based SPF (Shortest Path First) algorithm
OSPF, ISIS

Interoperability Between The Routing Protocols
 Each routing protocol can only advertise and learn the known route
 The known route refers to the route running protocol at a certain
interface, or the route discovered by the routing protocol in the
routing table
 To know other routes, the import operation is needed.
 The static route and direct route are often imported. Sometimes,
the routes of other routing protocols need to be imported.

Performance Indices to Scale Dynamic
Routing Protocol
 Correctness
 The optimal route can be found, and there is no self-loop.
 Fast convergence
 When the topological network structure changes, the route can be changed
accordingly in the AS.
 Low cost
 The cost of the protocol itself (memory, CPU, network bandwidth) is minimum.
 Security
 With the relevant security mechanism, the protocol itself is not easy to attack.
 Universal application
 Be universal to networks of various topological structures and scales.

Summary
 What do common dynamic routing

protocols include?
 What types of dynamic routing protocol
can be divide into according to working
area? What types according to protocol
algorithm?

Distance-vector Routing
Protocol T
www.huawei.com

Dynamic routing protocol is divided into
distance-vector routing protocol and link
status routing protocol according to
algorithm, this course will introduce the
principle of distance-vector routing
protocol in detail, and describe a import
concept—routing loop, meanwhile,
introduce the method to avoid loop.

able to:
 Master principle of distance-vector
routing protocol
 Master routing loop and the method

of loop avoidance

Protocol Overview
RTA RTB RTC
10.1.1.0/30 10.1.2.0/30 10.1.3.0/30 10.1.4.0/30

.1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .1
hop hop hop

destination next hop destination next hop destination next hop
count count count
10.1.1.0 -- 0 10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0
10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0 10.1.4.0 -- 0
10.1.3.0 10.1.2.2 1 10.1.1.0 10.1.2.1 1 10.1.2.0 10.1.3.1 1
10.1.4.0 10.1.3.2 1
 Based on distance-vector algorithm, it is also called Bellman-ford or Ford-

Fulkerson algorithm
 The route is advertised as vector (Distance and Direction)
 updating periodically: each router sends its own routing table to its directly connected
routers periodically.

Route Flooding
Initialization
RTA RTB RTC
10.1.1.0/30 10.1.2.0/30 10.1.3.0/30 10.1.4.0/30

.1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .1
next hop next hop next hop

destination destination destination
hop count hop count hop count
10.1.1.0 -- 0 10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0
10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0 10.1.4.0 -- 0
 With the router starts, it initializes the routing table, creates a table item for each direct
connected network.
 The hop count of every initialization table item is 0.

Route Flooding
Updating periodically
RTA RTB RTC
10.1.1.0/30 10.1.2.0/30 10.1.3.0/30 10.1.4.0/30

.1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .1
hop hop hop

count count count
10.1.1.0 -- 0 10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0
10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0 10.1.4.0 -- 0
10.1.3.0 10.1.2.2 1 10.1.1.0 10.1.2.1 1 10.1.2.0 10.1.3.1 1
10.1.4.0 10.1.3.2 1
 each router sends its own routing table to its direct connected routers periodically.

Route Flooding
Updating periodically
RTA RTB RTC
10.1.1.0/30 10.1.2.0/30 10.1.3.0/30 10.1.4.0/30

.1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .1
hop hop hop

count count count
10.1.1.0 -- 0 10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0

t2
10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0 10.1.4.0 -- 0
10.1.3.0 10.1.2.2 1 10.1.1.0 10.1.2.1 1 10.1.2.0 10.1.3.1 1
10.1.4.0 10.1.2.2 2 10.1.4.0 10.1.3.2 1 10.1.1.0 10.1.3.1 2
 each router sends its own routing table to its direct connected routers periodically.

Updating Fundamental
adding
RTB have no route
towards 10.1.1.1, so it
RTA RTB
should add this item
10.1.1.0/30 10.1.2.0/30 10.1.3.0/30
.1 .1 .2 .1
hop
destination next hop
count
next hop hop
destination destination next hop
hop count count 10.1.2.0 -- 0
10.1.1.0 -- 0 10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0

10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0 10.1.1.0 10.1.2.1 1
Next hop is interface IP Hop count:

address of router A 0+1

Change (1) The hop count of path
towards 10.0.1.0 across
RTA is lower (5-1>2), it will
RTA RTB
update this item in the
10.1.1.0/30 10.1.2.0/30 10.1.3.0/30 routing table
.1 .1 .2 .1
next hop hop hop

destination destination next hop destination next hop
hop count count count
10.1.1.0 -- 0 10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.2.0 -- 0

10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0
10.0.1.0 10.1.1.2 2 10.0.1.0 10.1.3.2 5 10.0.1.0 10.1.2.1 3
Next hop is interface IP Hop count:

address of RTA 2+1

Change (2)
If the metric of route
towards 10.0.2.0 is
RTA RTB
changed, the routing table
10.1.1.0/30 should update this item
10.1.2.0/30 10.1.3.0/30
.1 .1 .2 .1
next hop hop hop

destination destination next hop destination next hop
hop count count count
10.1.1.0 -- 0 10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.2.0 -- 0

10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0
10.0.2.0 10.1.1.2 4 10.0.2.0 10.1.2.1 2 10.0.2.0 10.1.2.1 5
Hop count:
Next hop is router A 4+1

Deleting If the route towards
10.0.3.0 is invalid on
RTA, RTB should
delete this item
RTA RTB
10.1.1.0/30 10.1.2.0/30 10.1.3.0/30
.1 .1 .2 .1
next hop hop next hop

destination destination next hop destination
hop count
count hop count
10.1.1.0 -- 0 10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.2.0 -- 0

10.1.2.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0 10.1.3.0 -- 0
10.0.3.0 10.1.2.1 2
Next hop is RTA

Routing Loop
Routing Table
11.1.0.0 Destination interface count

Routing Table
E0 B 11.2.0.0 S0 0
11.2.0.0
destination interface count 11.3.0.0 S1 0
11.1.0.0 E0 0 S0 S0
11.4.0.0 S1 3
S1
11.2.0.0 S0 0 A 11.1.0.0 S0 1
11.3.0.0 S0 1 11.3.0.0
C
11.4.0.0. S0 4
S0 Routing Table
E0
destination interface count
11.3.0.0 S0 0
11.4.0.0
11.4.0.0 S0 2
11.2.0.0 S0 1
11.1.0.0 S0 2

Define Route Unreachable
Routing Table
11.1.0.0 interface interface count
Routing Table E0 B 11.2.0.0 S0 0
11.2.0.0
11.1.0.0 E0 S0 S0
0 11.4.0.0 S1 16
S1
11.2.0.0 S0 0 A 11.1.0.0 S0 1
11.3.0.0 S0 1 11.3.0.0
C
11.4.0.0. S0 16 Routing Table
S0
E0 destination interface count
11.4.0.0 11.3.0.0 S0 0
If the hop count is16, it means 11.4.0.0 E0 16
this route is unreachable 11.2.0.0 S0 1

11.1.0.0 S0 2

Method of Loop Free not announce A
– Split-horizon
Routing Table
11.1.0.0 destination interface count
Routing Table E0 B 11.2.0.0 S0 0
11.2.0.0
S0 S0
11.1.0.0 E0 0 11.4.0.0 S1 1
S1
11.2.0.0 S0 0 A 11.1.0.0 S0 1
11.3.0.0 S0 1 11.3.0.0
C not announce C
11.4.0.0. S0 2 S0
E0 Routing Table
not announce B destination interface count

11.4.0.0
11.3.0.0 S0 0
11.4.0.0 E0 0
not announce B 11.2.0.0 S0 1
11.1.0.0. S0 2

Method of Loop Free -- Route Poisoning
11.1.0.0
E0 B
11.2.0.0
S0 S0
S1
A
Poison reverse update, 11.3.0.0
network 11.4.0.0 is C
unreachable S0
E0
11.4.0.0
The network 11.4.0.0 is
disconnected

Method of Loop Free -- Hold-down Time
11.1.0.0
E0 B
11.2.0.0
S0 S0 Update after the hold-

down time expiry
Update after the hold- S1
A
down time expiry
11.3.0.0
C
E0 S0
11.4.0.0
Network 11.4.0.0 is
unreachable

Method of Loop Free -- Triggered Update

11.1.0.0 disconnected
E0 B
11.2.0.0
S0 S0
S1
A
disconnected 11.3.0.0
C
E0 S0
11.4.0.0
disconnected

Integration of Hold-down Time and
Triggered Update
The network
11.4.0.0 is
11.1.0.0 disconnected
E0 B
11.2.0.0
Update after hold- S0 S0
down time
A
S1 Update after hold-
The network down time
11.4.0.0 is 11.3.0.0
C
disconnected
E0 S0
11.4.0.0
disconnected

Summary
 What’s distance-vector routing

protocol?
 What method of route loop
avoidance?

RIP Routing Protocol
www.huawei.com

RIP routing protocol is a distance-vector
routing protocol, it is applied in small
scale network mostly, this course gives
a detail introduction of two version of
RIP routing protocol: RIPv1 and RIPv2,
and introduces the common
configuration command of RIP.

able to:
 Master basic principle of RIP routing
protocol
 Master the similarities and
differences between RIPv1 and
RIPv2
 Master configuration of RIP

RIP Routing Protocol Overview
 RIP: Routing Information Protocol
 It is a distance-vector routing protocol and belongs to IGP

protocol
 RIP is suitable for small scale network, and includes two

version: RIPv1 and RIPv2
 RIP uses UDP as transport layer to exchange routing
information, its port number is 520.
 RIP supports split horizon, poisoned reverse and trigger
update

Initialization of RIP Routing Table
Routing table Routing table

initialization initialization
———— ————
————
————
NET1 ————
———— NET2
RTA RTB
Response
Request

RIP Routing Table Update
Routing Table Response Response Routing Table
N1 C
N4 F
N2 D
N3 E RTA RTB
Route update
Routing Table Routing Table
destination next hop destination next hop
N1 C N1 A
N2 D RTA N2 A
RTB
N3 E N3 A
N4 B N4 F

RIPv1 vs. RIPv2
 RIPv1 is a class routing protocol, not supports

VLSM and CIDR
 It sends message via broadcast.

 It doesn’t support authentication
 RIPv2 is a classless routing protocol, supports

VLSM, route aggregation and CIDR.
 It supports sending message via broadcast or
multicast address (240.0.0.9)
 It supports plain text authentication and MD5
authentication.

RIPv1 Message Format
0 8 16 31
Command version Unused( set to all zeros)
Address Family Identifier Unused( set to all zeros)
IP address
route Unused( set to all zeros)
entry
Unused( set to all zeros)
Metric
Multiple fields, up to maximum of 25
Address Family Identifier Unused( set to all zeros)

IP address
route
entry
Metric

RIPv2 Message format
0 8 16 31
Command version Unused( set to all zeros)
Address Family Identifier Route tag
IP address
route Subnet mask
entry
Next hop
Metric
Multiple fields, up to maximum of 25
Address Family Identifier Route tag

IP address
route
Subnet mask
entry
Next hop
Metric

Example of RIP Basic Configuration
RTA RTB RTC

L0: L0:
192.168.1.0/30 192.168.2.0/30
172.16.1.1/32 10.1.1.1/32
.1 .2 .1 .2
[RTA] rip
[RTA-rip-1]version 2
[RTA-rip-1] network 192.168.1.0
[RTB]rip
[RTB-rip-1]version 2
[RTB-rip-1]network 192.168.1.0
[RTB-rip-1]network 192.168.2.0
[RTC]rip
[RTC-rip-1]version 2
[RTC-rip-1]network 192.168.2.0
[RTC-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0

Display RIP Information
<[Quidway]display rip
Public VPN-instance name:
RIP process: 1
RIP version: RIP-2 Preference: 100
Checkzero: Enabled Default-cost: 0
Summary: Enabled Hostroutes: Enabled
Maximum number of balanced paths: 6
Update time : 30 sec Age time : 180 sec
Suppress time: 0 sec Garbage-collect time: 120 sec
Silent interfaces: None Default routes: Disabled

Verify-source: Enabled
Networks:
192.168.1.0 172.16.0.0
Configured peers: None Triggered updates sent: 2
Number of route changes: 2
Number of replies to queries: 1

Display RIP Route
[RTA]display rip 1 route

Route Flags: R - RIP, T - TRIP
P - Permanent, A - Aging, S - Suppressed, G - Garbage-collect
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Peer 192.168.1.2 on Serial0/0/1
Destination/Mask Nexthop Cost Tag Flags Sec
192.168.2.0/30 192.168.1.2 1 0 RA 12
10.1.1.1/32 192.168.1.2 2 0 RA 12
RIP neighbor
address, the The metric to destination,
Classless route namely hop count
interface connected and variable
with neighbor subnet mask

Configuring RIP Version
RTA RTB RTC
L0: L0:
192.168.1.0/30 192.168.2.0/30
172.16.1.1/32 10.1.1.1/32
.1 .2 .1 .2
[Quidway-rip-1]version 2
[Quidway-Serial0/0/1]rip version 2 multicast
[Quidway]display rip 1
Public VPN-instance name:
RIP process: 1
RIP version: RIP-2
The version of RIP is 2

RIP Route Aggregation
 Route aggregation means that when the routes of different sub-network in
the same natural network segment are advertised, the route will be
advertised as aggregated route with natural mask
 Route aggregation doesn’t works on RIPv1. RIPv2 supports classless inter-
domain routing
 By default, RIPv2 enable function of route aggregation; when all the sub-
network routes need to be broadcasted, it should disable the function of
route aggregation

RIP Route Aggregation Automatically
RTA RTB
L0: 172.16.1.1/32
192.168.1.0/30
L1: 172.16.1.2/32
.1 .2
L2: 172.16.1.3/32
[RTA-rip-1] summary aggregated

route
[RTB-rip-1]display rip 1 route
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Peer 192.168.1.1 on Serial0/0/0
192.168.1.0/24 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 20
172.16.0.0/16 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 20
......

Undo RIP Route Aggregation Automatically
RTA RTB
L0: 172.16.1.1/32
192.168.1.0/30
L1: 172.16.1.2/32
.1 .2
L2: 172.16.1.3/32

[RTA-rip-1] undo summary
[RTB]display rip 1 route

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Peer 192.168.1.1 on Serial0/0/0
192.168.1.0/30 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 21
172.16.1.3/32 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 21
172.16.1.2/32 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 21
172.16.1.1/32 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 21

RIP Route Aggregation Manually
RTA RTB
L0: 172.16.1.1/32
192.168.1.0/30
L1: 172.16.1.2/32
.1 .2
L2: 172.16.1.3/32
[RTA-Serial0/0/0]rip summary-address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
<RTB>display rip 1 route

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Peer 192.168.1.1 on Serial0/0/0
192.168.1.0/30 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 8
172.16.1.0/24 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 8
aggregate
route manually

The Preference of RIP
Change preference of RIP,
the value range is 1~255,
and the default value is 100
[RTA-rip-1] preference ?
INTEGER<1-255> Value of Preference
[RTA-rip] preference 150
[RTA-rip] display ip routing-table
Routing Table: public net
Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface
10.0.0.0/8 RIP 150 2 192.168.1.2 Ethernet0/0
……
172.16.0.0/16 RIP 150 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.1.0/24 RIP 150 1 192.168.1.2 Ethernet0/0

Import Exterior Route
RTA RTB
L0: 172.16.1.1/32
192.168.1.0/30
L1: 172.16.1.2/32
.1 .2
L2: 172.16.1.3/32
[RTA-rip] import-route direct cost 10 The metric of

imported route is 11
[RTB-rip-1]dis rip 1 route
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Peer 192.168.1.1 on Serial0/0/0
192.168.1.0/30 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 15
192.168.1.2/32 192.168.1.1 11 0 RA 15
172.16.1.3/32 192.168.1.1 11 0 RA 15
172.16.1.2/32 192.168.1.1 11 0 RA 15
172.16.1.1/32 192.168.1.1 11 0 RA 15

Interface Add-ons Metric
RTA RTB
L0: 172.16.1.1/32
192.168.1.0/30
L1: 172.16.1.2/32 L0: 10.1.1.1/32
.1 .2
L2: 172.16.1.3/32
[RTA-Serial0/0/0]rip metricin 5 The metric

is 1+5=6
[RTA]display rip 1 route

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Peer 192.168.1.2 on Serial0/0/0
10.1.1.1/32 192.168.1.2 6 0 RA 16

Interface Add-ons Metric
RTA RTB
L0: 172.16.1.1/32
192.168.1.0/30
L1: 172.16.1.2/32
.1 .2
L2: 172.16.1.3/32
The metric is
[RTA-Serial0/0/0]rip metricout 4
0+4=4
[RTB]display rip 1 route

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Peer 192.168.1.1 on Serial0/0/0
172.16.1.3/32 192.168.1.1 4 0 RA 5
172.16.1.2/32 192.168.1.1 4 0 RA 5
172.16.1.1/32 192.168.1.1 4 0 RA 5

Other Configuration Command
 Configuring RIP authentication mode, RIPv2 supports two

authentication modes: plain text authentication and MD5 authentication
[Quidway-Ethernet0/0]rip authentication-mode { { simple password } |
{ md5 { rfc2082 key-string key-id | huawei key-string } } }
 Configuring work status of interface
[Quidway-Ethernet0/0] rip work/input/output

Summary
 What’s the characteristic of

RIP routing protocol?
 What’ the difference between
RIPv1 and RIPv2?

Thank You
www.huawei.com

Huawei 4

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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved

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 Master static route configuration

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 It is configured by network administrator, and the configuration is simple.

won’t changed automatically.

 It is suitable for simple topological network.

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 Configuring a static route towards destination 10.1.1.1 on router B

[RTB] ip route-static 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 1.1.1.1

or [RTB] ip route-static 10.1.1.1 32 1.1.1.1

Or [RTB] ip route-static 10.1.1.1 32 Serial 0

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<RTB> display ip routing-table

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 Configuring 3 routes towards destination 10.1.1.1 of router A

[RTB] ip route-static 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 1.1.1.1

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[RTB] display ip routing-table

ECMP realizes load-

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 Configuring backup route towards destination 10.1.1.1 of router

[RTB] ip route-static 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 1.1.1.1

[RTB] ip route-static 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 2.2.2.1 preference 100

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[RTB] display ip routing-table

Router select the higher

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[RTB] display ip routing-table protocol static

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

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Backup route becomes

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 Default route is special route, it can be configured as static route,

OSPF and IS-IS.

 In routing table, the destination of default route is 0.0.0.0 (mask is

 When router received a data packet but can’t matches the

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 Configuring default route on router B

[RTB] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.1

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[RTB] display ip routing-table

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 Default route also support load balance and route backup.

[RTB] display ip routing-table

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 What’s the difference between

 What’s default route?

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 Know the classification of dynamic

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 Routing protocol is like a language that used to exchange information

reachable information via routing protocol.

 routers transmit and collect route select information via routing

protocol. Routing protocol defines a set of rules about communication

between the neighboring routers

 Calculating route dynamically, adapting network change, finding the

route from the local router to another network.

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