Tarea 1 Final

Cosntantes de DeBye - Huckel
casi 3 o 4
T oC A B ai
25 0.509 3.28E+07 4.00E-08
15 0.5 3.26E+07
0 0.488 3.24E+07
Constantes de carbonato
T oC pKH pKa,1 pKa,2 pKso p(Kso/Ka,2)
5 1.2 6.52 10.56 8.09 -2.47
10 1.27 6.46 10.49 8.15 -2.34
15 1.34 6.42 10.43 8.22 -2.21
20 1.41 6.38 10.38 8.28 -2.1
25 1.47 6.35 10.33 8.34 -1.99
40 1.64 6.3 10.22 8.51 -1.71
60 1.8 6.3 10.14 8.74 -1.4
|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^
〖𝐶𝑂〗 _2(𝑔) ⇄ 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _(2(𝑎𝑐)) 𝐾= 𝐾_𝐻= 10^(−1,5)
〖𝐶𝑂〗 _2(𝑎𝑐) + 𝐻_2 𝑂 ⇄ 𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 𝐾_𝑚= 10^(−2,8)
𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 ⇄ 𝐻^++ 〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 _3^− 𝐾_1^´= 10^(−3,5)
𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^∗ ⇄ 𝐻^++ 〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 _3^− 𝐾_(𝑎,1)= 10^(−6,3)
〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 _3^− ⇄ 𝐻^++ 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^(−2) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)= 10^(−10,3)
𝑎 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _(3(𝑠))+ 𝐻^+ ⇄ 〖𝐶𝑎〗 ^(+2)+ 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^(−2)+ 𝐾_𝑠𝑜 = 10^(−8,3)

Constantes de la ley de Henry para gases comunes
𝐶𝑎 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _(3(𝑠))+ 𝐻^+ ⇄ 〖𝐶𝑎〗
H = ^(+2)+ 〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 _3^−+𝑝(𝐾_𝑠𝑜/
1E-04 , atm/fraccion molar 𝐾_𝑠𝑜 )=−1,99
T (oC) Aire CO2 CO H2 H2S CH4 N2 O2
0 4.32 0.0728 3.52 5.79 0.0268 2.24 5.29 2.69
10 5.49 0.104 4.42 6.36 0.0367 2.97 6.68 3.27
20 6.64 0.142 5.36 6.83 0.0483 3.76 8.04 4.01
30 7.71 0.186 6.2 7.29 0.0609 4.49 9.24 4.75
40 8.7 0.233 6.96 7.51 0.0745 5.2 10.4 5.35
50 9.46 0.283 7.61 7.65 0.0884 5.77 11.3 5.88
60 10.1 0.341 8.21 7.65 0.103 6.26 12 6.29
Ecuación de Antoine:
ln Pv  A  B
C T
ln Pv  A  B
C T
Pv = (Kpa)
T= oK
Sustancia A B C
H2O 16.2886 3816.44 -46.13
|𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/|
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | = 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^∗ |= | 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _2(𝑎𝑐) |+ |𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 |
|𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/(|

〖𝐶𝑂〗 _2(𝑎𝑐) |+ |𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3
| )= 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝐾_𝑚= |𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 |/| 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _2(𝑎𝑐) | =1,610^(−3)
|𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/(|

〖𝐶𝑂〗 _2(𝑎𝑐) |+ |𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗
| ) |𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 |/|𝐻_2
^− 〗 _3 |/|𝐻_2 〖𝐶
〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 | = 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑂〗 _3 | = 𝐾_1^´
(𝐾_1^´)/ 1/𝐾_𝑚 ≫1
(1+1/𝐾_𝑚 )=
𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝐾_(𝑎,1) = 𝐾_𝑚 𝐾_1^´ = 10^(−2,5) 10^(−3,5)=

10^(−6,3)
Sistema cerrado
T=
pKa,1 1.99 Ka,1 = 0.010233
pKa,2 10.22 Ka,2= 6E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 0.001
〗 _3^∗ |/𝐶_𝑇 = |𝐻^+ |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+ |+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
^− |/𝐶_𝑇 = (|𝐻^+ | 𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+ |+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+ |+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
pH H H2CO3 HCO3 CO3 OH

0.5 3.16E-01 9.69E-04 3.13E-05 5.97E-15 3.16E-14
1 1.00E-01 9.07E-04 9.28E-05 5.59E-14 1.00E-13
1.5 3.16E-02 7.56E-04 2.44E-04 4.66E-13 3.16E-13
2 1.00E-02 4.94E-04 5.06E-04 3.05E-12 1.00E-12
2.5 3.16E-03 2.36E-04 7.64E-04 1.46E-11 3.16E-12
3 1.00E-03 8.90E-05 9.11E-04 5.49E-11 1.00E-11
3.5 3.16E-04 3.00E-05 9.70E-04 1.85E-10 3.16E-11
4 1.00E-04 9.68E-06 9.90E-04 5.97E-10 1.00E-10
4.5 3.16E-05 3.08E-06 9.97E-04 1.90E-09 3.16E-10
5 1.00E-05 9.76E-07 9.99E-04 6.02E-09 1.00E-09
5.5 3.16E-06 3.09E-07 1.00E-03 1.90E-08 3.16E-09
6 1.00E-06 9.77E-08 1.00E-03 6.02E-08 1.00E-08
6.5 3.16E-07 3.09E-08 1.00E-03 1.91E-07 3.16E-08
7 1.00E-07 9.77E-09 9.99E-04 6.02E-07 1.00E-07
7.5 3.16E-08 3.08E-09 9.98E-04 1.90E-06 3.16E-07
8 1.00E-08 9.71E-10 9.94E-04 5.99E-06 1.00E-06
8.5 3.16E-09 3.03E-10 9.81E-04 1.87E-05 3.16E-06
9 1.00E-09 9.22E-11 9.43E-04 5.68E-05 1.00E-05
9.5 3.16E-10 2.60E-11 8.40E-04 1.60E-04 3.16E-05
10 1.00E-10 6.10E-12 6.24E-04 3.76E-04 1.00E-04
10.5 3.16E-11 1.06E-12 3.44E-04 6.56E-04 3.16E-04
11 1.00E-11 1.39E-13 1.42E-04 8.58E-04 1.00E-03
11.5 3.16E-12 1.54E-14 4.99E-05 9.50E-04 3.16E-03
12 1.00E-12 1.60E-15 1.63E-05 9.84E-04 1.00E-02
12.5 3.16E-13 1.61E-16 5.22E-06 9.95E-04 3.16E-02
13 1.00E-13 1.62E-17 1.66E-06 9.98E-04 1.00E-01
13.5 3.16E-14 1.62E-18 5.25E-07 9.99E-04 3.16E-01
14 1.00E-14 1.62E-19 1.66E-07 1.00E-03 1.00E+00
pH pH2CO3 pHCO3 PCO3 pH pOH Ct

0.5 3.013831 4.503831 14.22383 0.5 13.5 3
1 3.042311 4.032311 13.25231 1 13 3
1.5 3.121755 3.611755 12.33175 1.5 12.5 3
2 3.306059 3.296059 11.51606 2 12 3
2.5 3.626949 3.116949 10.83695 2.5 11.5 3
3 4.050493 3.040493 10.26049 3 11 3
3.5 4.523218 3.013218 9.733218 3.5 10.5 3
4 5.014224 3.004224 9.224224 4 10 3
4.5 5.511341 3.001341 8.721341 4.5 9.5 3
5 6.010427 3.000427 8.220427 5 9 3
5.5 6.510142 3.000142 7.720142 5.5 8.5 3
6 7.010069 3.000069 7.220069 6 8 3
6.5 7.510096 3.000096 6.720096 6.5 7.5 3
7 8.010266 3.000266 6.220266 7 7 3
7.5 8.510828 3.000828 5.720828 7.5 6.5 3
8 9.012609 3.002609 5.222609 8 6 3
8.5 9.518198 3.008198 4.728198 8.5 5.5 3
9 10.03541 3.025411 4.245411 9 5 3
9.5 10.58575 3.075746 3.795746 9.5 4.5 3
10 11.21481 3.204814 3.424814 10 4 3
10.5 11.97322 3.463215 3.183215 10.5 3.5 3
11 12.85668 3.846683 3.066683 11 3 3
11.5 13.81221 4.302214 3.022214 11.5 2.5 3
12 14.79715 4.787148 3.007148 12 2 3
12.5 15.79227 5.282273 3.002273 12.5 1.5 3
13 16.79072 5.78072 3.00072 13 1 3
13.5 17.79023 6.280228 3.000228 13.5 0.5 3
14 18.79007 6.780072 3.000072 14 0 3
Sistema cerrado
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
0
2
H2CO3
CT
C
p
CO2,ac
4
10
12
14
Column B Column C Column D Column E Column F

Column G
Variables
H2CO3, HCO3 , CO3
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2
𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/|

〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
ℎ(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | -Ct
Derivadas de las funciones
𝑓´𝑥=−|𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶 𝑔´𝑥=0 ℎ´𝑥=1
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/|
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3
|^2 |𝐻^+ |/|
𝑓´𝑦= 𝑔´𝑦=−|𝐻^+ || ℎ´𝑦=1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/|
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 ||
𝑓´𝑧=0 𝑔´𝑧=𝐻𝐶𝑂
〖〖〗|/|
|𝐻^+ 〗 𝐻𝐶
^−〖〖 _3 | ℎ´𝑧=1
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
Ka,1 = 0.010233
Ka,2= 6E-11
CT = 0.001
H= 0.04
H2CO3 0.001
HCO3 = 3.16E-07
CO3= 1E-15
Matriz
A(1,1) = -0.01265 -0.012649 40 0 0.01022
A(1,2) = 40 0 -0.0004 126491.1 -6.62E-11
A(1,3) = 0 1 1 1 -3.16E-07
A(1,4) = 0.01022
A(2,1) = 0 Minversa
A(2,2) = -0.0004 -2.5E-02 -7.9E-06 1.0E+00
A(2,3)= 126491 2.5E-02 -2.5E-09 3.2E-04
A(2,4) = -6.6E-11 7.9E-11 7.9E-06 1.0E-12
A(3,1) = 1
A(3,2) = 1 Resultados
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -0.000256
A(3,4) = -3.2E-07 ΔHCO3 = 0.000255
ΔCO3 = 8.072E-13
H2CO3 0.000744 E1 = 0.343621
HCO3 0.000256 E2 = 0.998763
CO3 8.082E-13 E3 = 0.998763
H2CO3 0.000744
HCO3 = 0.000256
CO3= 8.08E-13
Matriz
A(1,1) = -18.4678 -18.46784 53.74483 0 -0.003512
A(1,2) = 53.74483 0 -4.94E-07 156.4074 -6.62E-11
A(1,3) = 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,4) = -0.00351
A(2,1) = 0 Minversa
A(2,2) = -4.9E-07 -1.4E-02 -4.8E-03 7.4E-01
A(2,3)= 156.4074 1.4E-02 -1.6E-03 2.6E-01
A(2,4) = -6.6E-11 4.4E-11 6.4E-03 8.1E-10
A(3,1) = 1
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 4.863E-05
A(3,4) = 0 ΔHCO3 = -4.86E-05
ΔCO3 = -5.77E-13
H2CO3 0.000793 E1 = 0.061336
HCO3 0.000207 E2 = 0.234816
CO3 2.316E-13 E3 = 2.49027
H2CO3 0.000793
HCO3 = 0.000207
CO3= 2.32E-13
Matriz
A(1,1) = -13.1775 -13.17753 50.44834 0 -0.000215
A(1,2) = 50.44834 0 -2.16E-07 193.1344 1.553E-11
A(1,3) = 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,4) = -0.00022
A(2,1) = 0 Minversa
A(2,2) = -2.2E-07 -1.6E-02 -4.1E-03 7.9E-01
A(2,3)= 193.1344 1.6E-02 -1.1E-03 2.1E-01
A(2,4) = 1.55E-11 1.8E-11 5.2E-03 2.3E-10
A(3,1) = 1
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 3.386E-06
A(3,4) = 0 ΔHCO3 = -3.39E-06
ΔCO3 = 7.665E-14
H2CO3 0.000796 E1 = 0.004252
HCO3 0.000204 E2 = 0.016618
CO3 3.082E-13 E3 = 0.248683
H2CO3 0.000796
HCO3 = 0.000204
CO3= 3.08E-13
Matriz
A(1,1) = -12.8521 -12.85214 50.23385 0 -9.16E-07
A(1,2) = 50.23385 0 -2.97E-07 196.344 -2.58E-13
A(1,3) = 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,4) = -9.2E-07
A(2,1) = 0 Minversa
A(2,2) = -3E-07 -1.6E-02 -4.1E-03 8.0E-01
A(2,3)= 196.344 1.6E-02 -1.0E-03 2.0E-01
A(2,4) = -2.6E-13 2.4E-11 5.1E-03 3.1E-10
A(3,1) = 1
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 1.452E-08
A(3,4) = 0 ΔHCO3 = -1.45E-08
ΔCO3 = -1.34E-15
H2CO3 0.000796 E1 = 1.823E-05
HCO3 0.000204 E2 = 7.126E-05
CO3 3.069E-13 E3 = 0.004356
H2CO3 0.000796
HCO3 = 0.000204
CO3= 3.07E-13
Matriz
A(1,1) = -12.8508 -12.85075 50.23293 0 -1.67E-11
A(1,2) = 50.23293 0 -2.96E-07 196.358 1.84E-17
A(1,3) = 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,4) = -1.7E-11
A(2,1) = 0 Minversa
A(2,2) = -3E-07 -1.6E-02 -4.1E-03 8.0E-01
A(2,3)= 196.358 1.6E-02 -1.0E-03 2.0E-01
A(2,4) = 1.84E-17 2.4E-11 5.1E-03 3.1E-10
A(3,1) = 1
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 2.647E-13
A(3,4) = 0 ΔHCO3 = -2.65E-13
ΔCO3 = 9.329E-20
H2CO3 0.000796 E1 = 3.324E-10
HCO3 0.000204 E2 = 1.299E-09
CO3 3.069E-13 E3 = 3.04E-07
H2CO3 0.000796
HCO3 = 0.000204
CO3= 3.07E-13
Matriz
A(1,1) = -12.8508 -12.85075 50.23293 0 0
A(1,2) = 50.23293 0 -2.96E-07 196.358 0
A(1,3) = 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,4) = 0
A(2,1) = 0 Minversa
A(2,2) = -3E-07 -1.6E-02 -4.1E-03 8.0E-01
A(2,3)= 196.358 1.6E-02 -1.0E-03 2.0E-01
A(2,4) = 0 2.4E-11 5.1E-03 3.1E-10
A(3,1) = 1
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 0
A(3,4) = 0 ΔHCO3 = 0
ΔCO3 = 0 2
H2CO3 0.000796 E1 = 0
HCO3 0.000204 E2 = 0
CO3 3.069E-13 E3 = 0
CO3= 1E-15 0 0 0 0
#REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
#REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
Mf = 0.000744
Uf = 0.000256
Tf = 8.082E-13
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! -0.000744 0 #REF!
A(1,2) = -0.000744 #REF! -1 #REF! #REF!
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF!
A(1,4) = #REF!
A(2,1) = #REF! Minversa
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF!
A(2,3)= #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
A(2,4) = #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
ϐ(T) = #REF!
γ(T) = #REF! Resultados
δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!
γUf = #REF! #REF!
δTf = #REF! Mf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,3) = #REF!
A(3,4) = #REF!
CO3= 1E-15 0 0 0 0
Mf = #REF!
Uf = #REF!
Tf = #REF!
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! #REF! 0 #REF!
A(1,2) = #REF! #REF! -1 #REF! #REF!
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF!
A(1,4) = #REF!
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF!
ϐ(T) = #REF!
δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!
γUf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,3) = #REF!
A(3,4) = #REF!
CO3= 1E-15 0 0 0 0
Mf = #REF!
Uf = #REF!
Tf = #REF!
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! #REF! 0 #REF!
A(1,2) = #REF! #REF! -1 #REF! #REF!
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF!
A(1,4) = #REF!
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF!
ϐ(T) = #REF!
δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!
γUf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,3) = #REF!
A(3,4) = #REF!
CO3= 1E-15 0 0 0 0
Mf = #REF!
Uf = #REF!
Tf = #REF!
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! #REF! 0 #REF!
A(1,2) = #REF! #REF! -1 #REF! #REF!
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF!
A(1,4) = #REF!
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF!
ϐ(T) = #REF!
δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!
γUf = #REF! #REF! error
A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,3) = #REF!
A(3,4) = #REF!
CO3= 1E-15 0 0 0 0
Mf = #REF!
Uf = #REF!
Tf = #REF!
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! #REF! 0 #REF!
A(1,2) = #REF! #REF! -1 #REF! #REF!
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF!
A(1,4) = #REF!
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF!
ϐ(T) = #REF!
δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!
γUf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,3) = #REF!
A(3,4) = #REF!
H = 10 ^ (-pH)
H2CO3 = 10 ^ -15
HCO3 = 10 ^ -6.5
CO3 = 10 ^ -3
CT = 10 ^ -2
A(1, 1) = -H * HCO3 / H2CO3 ^ 2
A(1, 2) = H / H2CO3
A(1, 3) = 0
A(1, 4) = -(H * HCO3 / H2CO3 - K1)
A(2, 1) = 0
A(2, 2) = -H * CO3 / HCO3 ^ 2
A(2, 3) = H / HCO3
A(2, 4) = -(H * CO3 / HCO3 - K2)
A(3, 1) = 1
A(3, 2) = 1
A(3, 3) = 1
A(3, 4) = -(H2CO3 + HCO3 + CO3 - CT)
0.01 0.00049 0.000506 3.047483E-12 1.00E-12
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑥^2+𝑥𝑦−10
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦^2−57
X= 3
Y= 6
A(1,1) = 12 12 3 -17
A(1,2) = 3 108 109 -273
A(1,3) = -17
A(2,1) = 108 Minversa
A(2,2) = 109 0.1107723577 -0.00304878
A(2,3)= -273 -1.1E-01 1.2E-02
Resultados
-1.050813008
-1.463414634
error
X= 1.9491869919 1.0508130081
y= 4.5365853659 1.4634146341
X= 1.94919
Y= 4.53659
A(1,1) = 8.43496 8.4349593496 1.9491869919 -2.641983112
A(1,2) = 1.94919 61.741820345 54.055919096 -67.88293844
A(1,3) = -2.64198
A(2,1) = 61.7418 Minversa
A(2,2) = 54.0559 0.1610661644 -0.005807839
A(2,3)= -67.8829 -1.8E-01 2.5E-02
Resultados
-0.031280912
-1.220062466
error
X= 1.9179060796 0.0312809122
y= 3.3165228995 1.2200624663
X= 1.91791
Y= 3.31652
A(1,1) = 7.15234 7.1523350588 1.9179060796 -0.039143162
A(1,2) = 1.91791 32.997972429 39.164676593 -9.603534836
A(1,3) = -0.03914
A(2,1) = 32.998 Minversa
A(2,2) = 39.1647 0.1806223192 -0.00884513
A(2,3)= -9.60353 -1.5E-01 3.3E-02
Resultados
0.0778743824
-0.310821705
error
X= 1.995780462 0.0778743824
y= 3.0057011944 0.3108217051
X= 1.99578
Y= 3.0057
A(1,1) = 6.99726 6.9972621184 1.995780462 0.0181406289
A(1,2) = 1.99578 27.102719009 36.992318311 -0.096778262
A(1,3) = 0.01814
A(2,1) = 27.1027 Minversa
A(2,2) = 36.9923 0.180667248 -0.009747217
A(2,3)= -0.09678 -1.3E-01 3.4E-02
Resultados
0.0042207362
-0.005708528
error
X= 2.0000011983 0.0042207362
y= 2.9999926662 0.0057085281
X= 2
Y= 2.99999
A(1,1) = 7 6.9999950628 2.0000011983 6.279577E-06
A(1,2) = 2 26.999867992 36.999933564 0.0002389958
A(1,3) = 6.28E-06
A(2,1) = 26.9999 Minversa
A(2,2) = 36.9999 0.1804878471 -0.009756123
A(2,3)= 0.00024 -1.3E-01 3.4E-02
Resultados
-1.198285E-06
7.333778E-06
error
X= 2 1.198285E-06
y= 3 7.333778E-06
Sistema abierto
Equilibrios Funciones
𝐾_𝐻= | 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _(2(𝑎𝑐)) |/𝑃_( 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _2 )
〖𝐶𝑂〗 _2(𝑔) ⇄ 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _(2(𝑎𝑐)) 𝐾_𝐻= 10^(−1,5)
𝐾_(𝑎,1)=|𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^∗ ⇄ 𝐻^++ 〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 _3^− 𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2
𝐾_(𝑎,1)= 10^(−6,3)
𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
𝐾_(𝑎,2)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗
〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 _3^− ⇄ 𝐻^++ 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^(−2) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)= 10^(−10,3)
^= 〗 _3 |/|
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
Balance de masa
〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^∗ |+ |𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 | + |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^− | + | 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^(−2) |
Balance de carga (electroneutralidad)
2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^∗ |+ |𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 | + |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^− | + | 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^(−2) |
Solución
En sistemas abiertos la concentración de [CO2(ac)] adopta la siguiente relación [CO2(ac)] = KH *

PCO2 , Normalmente la presión en la atmósfera de [CO 2] es del orden 10-3.5 at, reemplazando se
obtiene [CO2(ac)] = 10-5 mol/l, además se sabe que [H2CO3*]  [CO2], por lo tanto la [H2CO3*] es
constante y de antemano es conocido. En este caso solo es necesario determinar las
concentraciones de [HCO3-] y [ CO3 =], por lo tanto es necesario dos ecuaciones, en este caso es
suficiente las dos ecuaciones de equilibrio.
Pero de Puede cambiar un poco por contaminación

〖𝐶𝑂〗 _(2(𝑎𝑐)) | = 𝐾_𝐻 𝑃_( 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _2 ) = 10^(−1,5) 10^(−3,5) pende
= 10^(−5)
KH depende de la temperatura y la presión de
CO2
| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |≅ | 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _(2(𝑎𝑐)) |
𝐾_(𝑎,1)=|𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |

^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 =(𝐾_(𝑎,1) | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗
^∗ 〗 _3 | ^∗ 〗 _3 |)/|𝐻^+ |
| 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |= | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |= (𝐾_(𝑎,2)

𝐾_(𝑎,2)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗
(𝐾_(𝑎,2) | 𝐾_(𝑎,1) | 〖〖𝐻 _2
^= 〗 _3 |/|
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |)/| 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |)/|𝐻^+ |^2
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
𝐻^+ |
Datos
Temp = 25 opC
PCO2 = 0.340% (es como decir 21% para oxígeno)
PCO2 = 3.4E-03 at
pKH = 1.47 0.03388
Ka,1 = 6.35 4.47E-07
Ka,2 = 10.33 4.68E-11
Por lo tanto la concentración
| 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _(2(𝑎𝑐)) | = 0.00012 1.2E-04 mol/l
pH H+ CO2ac HCO3 CO3 CT

1 0.1 0.00012 5.15E-10 2.41E-19 0.00012
2 0.01 0.00012 5.15E-09 2.41E-17 0.00012
3 0.001 0.00012 5.15E-08 2.41E-15 0.00012
4 0.0001 0.00012 5.15E-07 2.41E-13 0.00012
5 1E-05 0.00012 5.15E-06 2.41E-11 0.00012
6 1E-06 0.00012 5.15E-05 2.41E-09 0.00017
7 1E-07 0.00012 0.00051 2.41E-07 0.00063
8 1E-08 0.00012 0.00515 2.41E-05 0.00529
9 1E-09 0.00012 0.05146 0.00241 0.05398
10 1E-10 0.00012 0.51461 0.2407 0.75543
11 1E-11 0.00012 5.14611 24.0702 29.2164
12 1E-12 0.00012 51.4611 2407.02 2458.48
13 1E-13 0.00012 514.611 240702 241216
14 1E-14 0.00012 5146.11 2.4E+07 2.4E+07
pH p(CO2,ac)p(HCO3) p(CO3) p(CT) pH pOH

1 3.93852 9.28852 18.6185 3.93852 1 13
2 3.93852 8.28852 16.6185 3.9385 2 12
3 3.93852 7.28852 14.6185 3.93833 3 11
4 3.93852 6.28852 12.6185 3.93659 4 10
5 3.93852 5.28852 10.6185 3.91954 5 9
6 3.93852 4.28852 8.61852 3.77814 6 8
7 3.93852 3.28852 6.61852 3.20062 7 7
8 3.93852 2.28852 4.61852 2.27692 8 6
9 3.93852 1.28852 2.61852 1.26774 9 5
10 3.93852 0.28852 0.61852 0.12181 10 4
11 3.93852 -0.71148 -1.38148 -1.46563 11 3
12 3.93852 -1.71148 -3.38148 -3.39067 12 2
13 3.93852 -2.71148 -5.38148 -5.38241 13 1
14 3.93852 -3.71148 -7.38148 -7.38157 14 0
Sistema de carbonatos abierto sin sólidos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
0
2
CT
CO2,ac
4
C
p
6
HCO3
8
pOH pH
10
CO3
12
14
p(CO2,ac) p(HCO3) p(CO3) p(CT) pH pOH

H2CO3 = Pco2 * Khh
HCO3 = 10 ^ -20
CO3 = 10 ^ -15
A(1, 1) = H / H2CO3
A(1, 2) = 0
A(1, 3) = -(H * HCO3 / H2CO3 - K1)
A(2, 1) = -H * CO3 / HCO3 ^ 2

A(2, 2) = H / HCO3
A(2, 3) = -(H * CO3 / HCO3 - K2)
Ka,1 = 6.35 4.47E-07

Ka,2 = 10.33 4.68E-11
H= 6.3E-11 10.2
H2CO3= 0.00012
HCO3 1E-20
CO3 1E-15
Matriz
A(1,1) = 5.48E-07 5.48E-07 0 4.47E-07
A(1,2) = 0 -6E+14 6.3E+09 -6E-06
A(1,3) = 4.47E-07 Minversa Mmult
A(2,1) = -6E+14 1825908 3.52E-31 ΔHCO3 = 0.8156 HCO3 = 0.8156
A(2,2) = 6.3E+09 1.8E+11 1.58E-10 ΔCO3 = 81560.3 CO3 = 81560.3
A(2,3) = -6E-06 E1 = 1.0000
E2 = 1.0000
HCO3 0.8156
CO3 81560.3
Matriz
A(1,1) = 5.48E-07 5.48E-07 0 5.29E-23
A(1,2) = 0 -8E-06 7.74E-11 -6E-06
A(1,3) = 5.29E-23 Minversa Mmult
A(2,1) = -8E-06 1825908 0 ΔHCO3 = 9.67E-17 HCO3 = 0.8156
A(2,2) = 7.74E-11 1.8E+11 1.3E+10 ΔCO3 = -81560 CO3 = 0.60461
A(2,3) = -6E-06 E1 = 1.4E-16
E2 = 1.3E+05
HCO3 0.8156
CO3 0.60461
Matriz
A(1,1) = 5.48E-07 5.48E-07 0 0
A(1,2) = 0 -6E-11 7.74E-11 -7E-22
A(1,3) = 0 Minversa Mmult LOgC
A(2,1) = -6E-11 1825908 0 ΔHCO3 = 0 HCO3 = 0.8156 0.08852
A(2,2) = 7.74E-11 1353564 1.3E+10 ΔCO3 = -9E-12 CO3 = 0.60461 0.21852
A(2,3) = -7E-22 E1 = 0.0000
E2 = 0.0000
HCO3 0.8156
CO3 0.60461
Matriz
A(1,1) = 5.48E-07 5.48E-07 0 0
A(1,2) = 0 -6E-11 7.74E-11 1.29E-26
A(1,3) = 0 Minversa Mmult LOgC
A(2,1) = -6E-11 1825908 0 ΔHCO3 = 0 HCO3 = 0.8156 0.08852
A(2,2) = 7.74E-11 1353564 1.3E+10 ΔCO3 = 1.67E-16 CO3 = 0.60461 0.21852
A(2,3) = 1.29E-26 E1 = 0.0000
CT 1.42033 E2 = 0.0000
Sistema de carbonatos abierto sin sólidos
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
0
2
CT
CO2,ac
4
C
p
6
HCO3
8
pOH pH
10
CO3
12
14
p(CO2,ac) p(HCO3) p(CO3) p(CT) pH pOH

A un río que tiene un pH, entra un pollutante ácido o base, se desea determinar el nuevo valor de pH que
estará en equilibrio. pH y de la concentración del contaminante.
T=
pKa,1 6.3 Ka,1 = 5.0119E-07
pKa,2 10.3 Ka,2= 5.0119E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M (esta condición es del río)
Cb = 2 c= 1.00E-02 M (esta condición es del contaminante)
〗 _3^∗ |/𝐶_𝑇 = |𝐻^+ |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1)

|𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
〗 _3^− |/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ ||+
= (|𝐻^+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂|𝐻^+
𝐾_(𝑎,1) 〗 _3^∗ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝐶_𝑇= |+ |𝐻^+
| 〖〖𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂
|^2〗) ^∗ 〗 _3||+
_2 𝐶𝑂 | 〗 _3^= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + |
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |
𝐵𝐶= 𝐶_𝐵− 𝐶_𝐴= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ |
c= pH H H2CO3 HCO3 CO3 BC1 BC2
1.00E-02 8 1.00E-08 1.95E-05 9.76E-04 4.89E-06 9.86E-04 -9.01E-03 (BC1 -Cb)
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗

_3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | −
𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ ||
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/|
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
h(x,y,z,w) = | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2| 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗
^= 〗 _3 | + 𝐾_𝑤/|𝐻^+ | - |𝐻^+ | - BC2
i(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ | 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | - Ct
Variables
x, y, z, w
H, H2CO3, HCO3 , CO3

f(x,y,z,w) g(x,y,z,w) h(x,y,z,w) i(x,y,z,w)
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| =−𝐾_𝑤/|𝐻^+ |
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | ^2 - 1
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=−|𝐻^+ || 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=0 〖ℎ 〖𝑖
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3 = ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=
0 1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻𝐶𝑂3=− |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻𝐶𝑂3 = 1 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻𝐶𝑂3 = 1
|/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 || 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^= |/|
_3 |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =
|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
Matrices
H= 1.00E-03
H2CO3 1.00E-03
HCO3 = 1.00E-06
CO3= 1.00E-08
A(1,1) = 1.00E-03 1.00E-03 -1.00E-03 1.00E+00 0.00E+00 -4.99E-07
A(1,2) = -1.00E-03 1.00E-02 0.00E+00 -1.00E+01 1.00E+03 -1.00E-05

A(1,3) = 1.00E+00 -1.00E+00 0 1 2 -0.008014607
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -1.01E-06
A(1,5) = -4.99E-07
A(2,1) = 1.00E-02
A(2,2) = 0 1.017913257 2.0E-03 -1.0E+00 0.001017913
A(2,3)= -1.00E+01 -1.0E+00 -1.0E-03 -1.0E-03 0.998992056
A(2,4) = 1.00E+03 1.0E+00 -3.0E-06 1.0E-03 0.000997974
A(2,5) = -9.99995E-06 1.0E-02 1.0E-03 2.0E-05 9.969562E-06
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 0.00800576
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 7.661937E-06
A(3,5) = -0.008014607 ΔHCO3 = -8.49691E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.75027E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.01E-03 2.04547964 801%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.01E-03 1%

A(4,5) = -1.01E-06 HCO3 -7.50E-06 850%
CO3 -1.65E-07 1750%
H= 9.01E-03
H2CO3 1.01E-03
HCO3 = -7.50E-06
CO3= -1.65E-07
A(1,1) = -7.44E-03 -7.44E-03 6.65E-02 8.94E+00 0.00E+00 6.75E-05

A(1,2) = 6.65E-02 2.20E-02 0.00E+00 2.64E+01 -1.20E+03 -1.98E-04
A(1,3) = 8.94E+00 -1 0 1 2 -7.1168E-11
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 6.75E-05
A(2,1) = 2.20E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.117819411 -1.7E-03 -1.0E+00 -0.007834113
A(2,3)= 2.64E+01 -1.2E-01 8.4E-04 8.8E-04 1.007668798
A(2,4) = -1.20E+03 1.1E-01 -7.6E-06 -8.4E-04 -0.007503483

A(2,5) = -0.00019824 2.5E-03 -8.3E-04 -3.7E-05 -0.000165315
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 8.284906E-06
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -7.95194E-06
A(3,5) = -7.1168E-11 ΔHCO3 = 7.619047E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 3.328936E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.01E-03 2.045080292 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.00E-03 1%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 1.22E-07 102%
CO3 1.68E-07 202%
H= 9.01E-03
H2CO3 1.00E-03
HCO3 = 1.22E-07
CO3= 1.68E-07
A(1,1) = 1.22E-04 1.22E-04 -1.10E-03 9.02E+00 0.00E+00 -6.00E-07
A(1,2) = -1.10E-03 1.37E+00 0.00E+00 -1.01E+05 7.38E+04 -1.24E-02
A(1,3) = 9.02E+00 -1 0 1 2 -1.73472E-18
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,5) = -6.00E-07
A(2,1) = 1.37E+00
A(2,2) = 0 0.41561054 2.7E-05 -1.0E+00 0.00045783
A(2,3)= -1.01E+05 -2.6E-01 -1.4E-05 -5.1E-05 0.999710019
A(2,4) = 7.38E+04 1.1E-01 -2.0E-09 1.4E-05 0.000122131

A(2,5) = -0.012389064 1.5E-01 1.4E-05 3.7E-05 0.00016785
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -5.85027E-07
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 3.257655E-07
A(3,5) = -1.73472E-18 ΔHCO3 = -6.65045E-08
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -2.59261E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.01E-03 2.045108479 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.00E-03 0%
A(4,5) = -2.17E-19 HCO3 5.56E-08 54%
CO3 -9.14E-08 154%
H= 9.01E-03
H2CO3 1.00E-03
HCO3 = 5.56E-08
CO3= -9.14E-08
A(1,1) = 5.56E-05 5.56E-05 -5.01E-04 9.01E+00 0.00E+00 -2.34E-10
A(1,2) = -5.01E-04 -1.64E+00 0.00E+00 2.66E+05 1.62E+05 1.48E-02
A(1,3) = 9.01E+00 -1.00E+00 0 1 2 1.734723E-18
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -2.34E-10
A(2,1) = -1.64E+00
A(2,2) = 0 -0.253608355 1.2E-05 -1.0E+00 -0.00012716

A(2,3)= 2.66E+05 7.1E-02 -6.2E-06 1.4E-05 1.000035764
A(2,4) = 1.62E+05 1.1E-01 -4.2E-10 6.2E-06 5.563309E-05
A(2,5) = 0.014807522 -1.8E-01 6.2E-06 -2.0E-05 -9.13966E-05
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 1.828654E-07
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -9.14166E-08
A(3,5) = 1.734723E-18 ΔHCO3 = -3.22188E-11
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 9.144883E-08
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.01E-03 2.045099668 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.00E-03 0%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 5.56E-08 0%
CO3 5.48E-11 100%
H= 9.01E-03
H2CO3 1.00E-03
HCO3 = 5.56E-08
CO3= 5.48E-11
A(1,1) = 5.56E-05 5.56E-05 -5.01E-04 9.01E+00 0.00E+00 2.73E-14
A(1,2) = -5.01E-04 9.85E-04 0.00E+00 -1.60E+02 1.62E+05 -8.88E-06
A(1,3) = 9.01E+00 -1 0 1 2 0
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 2.73E-14
A(2,1) = 9.85E-04
A(2,2) = 0 0.111148509 1.2E-05 -1.0E+00 5.570931E-05

A(2,3)= -1.60E+02 -1.1E-01 -6.2E-06 -6.2E-06 0.999944345
A(2,4) = 1.62E+05 1.1E-01 -4.2E-10 6.2E-06 5.559974E-05
A(2,5) = -8.88135E-06 1.1E-04 6.2E-06 1.2E-08 5.478371E-08
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.09561E-10
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 5.477732E-11
A(3,5) = 0 ΔHCO3 = 6.752383E-15

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -5.47841E-11
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.01E-03 2.045099673 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.00E-03 0%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 5.56E-08 0%
CO3 3.16E-16 100%
H= 9.01E-03
H2CO3 1.00E-03
HCO3 = 5.56E-08
CO3= 3.16E-16
A(1,1) = 5.56E-05 5.56E-05 -5.01E-04 9.01E+00 0.00E+00 2.22E-21
A(1,2) = -5.01E-04 5.69E-09 0.00E+00 -9.23E-04 1.62E+05 -1.19E-12
A(1,3) = 9.01E+00 -1.00E+00 0 1 2 0
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 2.168404E-19
A(1,5) = 2.22E-21
A(2,1) = 5.69E-09
A(2,2) = 0 0.110929921 1.2E-05 -1.0E+00 5.559975E-05
A(2,3)= -9.23E-04 -1.1E-01 -6.2E-06 -6.2E-06 0.9999444
A(2,4) = 1.62E+05 1.1E-01 -4.2E-10 6.2E-06 5.559975E-05

A(2,5) = -1.18655E-12 6.3E-10 6.2E-06 7.0E-14 3.164695E-13
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.46376E-17
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 7.535271E-18
A(3,5) = 0 ΔHCO3 = 7.559399E-22
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -7.31919E-18
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.01E-03 2.045099673 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.00E-03 0%
A(4,5) = 2.17E-19 HCO3 5.56E-08 0%
CO3 3.09E-16 2%
H= 9.01E-03
H2CO3 1.00E-03
HCO3 = 5.56E-08
CO3= 3.09E-16
A(1,1) = 5.56E-05 5.56E-05 -5.01E-04 9.01E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A(1,2) = -5.01E-04 5.56E-09 0.00E+00 -9.01E-04 1.62E+05 -1.94E-26
A(1,3) = 9.01E+00 -1.00E+00 0 1 2 1.734723E-18
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,5) = 0.00E+00
A(2,1) = 5.56E-09
A(2,2) = 0 0.110929921 1.2E-05 -1.0E+00 5.559975E-05
A(2,3)= -9.01E-04 -1.1E-01 -6.2E-06 -6.2E-06 0.9999444
A(2,4) = 1.62E+05 1.1E-01 -4.2E-10 6.2E-06 5.559975E-05
A(2,5) = -1.9387E-26 6.2E-10 6.2E-06 6.9E-14 3.091504E-13
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.73472E-18
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -2.16839E-19
A(3,5) = 1.734723E-18 ΔHCO3 = -1.3564E-24
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -6.76314E-32
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.01E-03 2.045099673 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.00E-03 0%
A(4,5) = -2.17E-19 HCO3 5.56E-08 0%
CO3 3.09E-16 0%
Pcb = 2 pH = 2.0E+00
pCB pH =7 pH =7
2.00 2.045 2.0E+00
3.00 4.523 3.8E+00
4.00 7.189 6.74085834

5.00 7.844 6.96954985
6.00 7.983 6.99689143
7.00 7.998 6.99968848
Chart Title
8.00 8.000 6.99996884
9.0E+00
8.0E+00
7.0E+00
6.0E+00
Chart Title
9.0E+00
8.0E+00
7.0E+00
6.0E+00
pCB pH =7 pH=8
5.0E+00
2.00 2.0E+00 2.045 4.0E+00
3.00 3.8E+00 4.523 3.0E+00
4.00 6.74085834 7.189 2.0E+00
5.00 6.96954985 7.844 1.0E+00
6.00 6.99689143 7.983 0.0E+00
1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00
7.00 6.99968848 7.998
8.00 6.99996884 8.000 pH =7 pH=8

Cb = 2.00 0.00 c= 1.00E-02 M pH = 2.045099673
Cb pH
2.00 2.045099673
0.00 0
0.00 0
0.00 0
0.00 0
0.00 0
Chart Title
9
Cb pH =7 pH =8
7
2 2.038304129 2.043665453
3 3.591602496 3.205110251 6
4.00 6.740763232 5.27207545
5
5.00 6.969570621 7.848171794
6.00 6.996893712 7.983531402

4
7.00 6.999688712 7.998350982
2
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Column B Column C
3
2
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Column B Column C
CO3= 1E-08 0 0 0 0

Mf = -1.75027E-07
Uf = 0
Tf = 0.00900576
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! 1.750267E-07 0 #REF!
A(1,2) = 1.750267E-07 #REF! -1 #REF! #REF!
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF!
A(1,4) = #REF!
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF!

ϐ(T) = #REF!
δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!
γUf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF!

A(3,3) = #REF!
A(3,4) = #REF!
CO3= 1E-08 0 0 0 0

Mf = #REF!
Uf = #REF!
Tf = #REF!
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! #REF! 0 #REF!
A(1,2) = #REF! #REF! -1 #REF! #REF!
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF!
A(1,4) = #REF!
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF!
ϐ(T) = #REF!
δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!

γUf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF!

A(3,3) = #REF!
A(3,4) = #REF!
CO3= 1E-08 0 0 0 0
Mf = #REF!
Uf = #REF!
Tf = #REF!
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! #REF! 0 #REF!
A(1,2) = #REF! #REF! -1 #REF! #REF!
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF!
A(1,4) = #REF!
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF!
ϐ(T) = #REF!
δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!
γUf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,3) = #REF!
A(3,4) = #REF!
CO3= 1E-08 0 0 0 0
#REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! 𝑓(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑥^2+𝑥𝑦


𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦
Mf = #REF!
Uf = #REF! X=
Tf = #REF! Y=
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! #REF! 0 #REF! A(1,1) =
A(1,2) = #REF! #REF! -1 #REF! #REF! A(1,2) =
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF! A(1,3) =
A(1,4) = #REF! A(2,1) =
A(2,1) = #REF! Minversa A(2,2) =
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF! A(2,3)=
ϐ(T) = #REF!
δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!
δTf = #REF! Mf = #REF! #REF! X=

A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF! Y=
A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF! A(1,1) =
A(3,3) = #REF! A(1,2) =
A(3,4) = #REF! A(1,3) =
A(2,1) =
CO3= 1E-08 0 0 0 0 A(2,2) =
#REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! A(2,3)=

Mf = #REF!
Uf = #REF!
Tf = #REF! X=
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! #REF! 0 #REF! Y=
A(1,2) = #REF! #REF! -1 #REF! #REF! A(1,1) =
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF! A(1,2) =
A(1,4) = #REF! A(1,3) =
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF! A(2,2) =
A(2,3)= #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! A(2,3)=
ϐ(T) = #REF!
δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!
γUf = #REF! #REF!

A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF! X=
A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF! Y=
A(3,3) = #REF! A(1,1) =
A(3,4) = #REF! A(1,2) =
A(1,3) =
A(2,1) =
A(2,2) =
A(2,3)=
X=
Y=
A(1,1) =
A(1,2) =
A(1,3) =
A(2,1) =
A(2,2) =
A(2,3)=
T=
0 0 Ka,1 = 1
0 10.22 Ka,2= 6.025596E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M
Cb = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M
〗 _3^∗
𝐻^+ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂𝐾_(𝑎,2)+
) |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
〗 _3^− |/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ ||+
= (|𝐻^+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂|𝐻^+
𝐾_(𝑎,1) 〗 _3^∗ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝐶_𝑇= |+ |𝐻^+
| 〖〖𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂
|^2〗) ^∗ 〗 _3||+
_2 𝐶𝑂 | 〗 _3^= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + |
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |
𝐵𝐶= 𝐶_𝐵− 𝐶_𝐴= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ |
1.00E-03 8 1.00E-08 1.95E-05 9.76E-04 4.89E-06 9.86E-04 -1.36E-05
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ ||
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗
^∗ 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻
𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
h(x,y,z,w) = | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ | - BC2
i(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ | 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | -Ct
Variables
x, y, z, w
H, H2CO3, HCO3 CO3
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| -1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=−|𝐻^+ || 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=0 〖ℎ 〖𝑖
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3 = ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=
0 1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2
|/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 || 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^= |/|
_3 |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =
|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
Matrices
H= 1.00E-03
H2CO3 1.00E-03
HCO3 = 1.00E-06
CO3= 1.00E-08
A(1,1) = 1.00E-03 1.00E-03 -1.00E-03 1.00E+00 0.00E+00 -4.99E-07
A(1,2) = -1.00E-03 1.00E-02 0.00E+00 -1.00E+01 1.00E+03 -1.00E-05

A(1,3) = 1.00E+00 -1.00E+00 0 1 2 0.000985393
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -1.01E-06
A(1,5) = -4.99E-07
A(2,1) = 1.00E-02
A(2,2) = 0 1.017913257 2.0E-03 -1.0E+00 0.001017913
A(2,3)= -1.00E+01 -1.0E+00 -1.0E-03 -1.0E-03 0.998992056
A(2,4) = 1.00E+03 1.0E+00 -3.0E-06 1.0E-03 0.000997974
A(2,5) = -9.99995E-06 1.0E-02 1.0E-03 2.0E-05 9.969562E-06
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -0.000984899
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.49928E-06
A(3,5) = 0.000985393 ΔHCO3 = 4.845871E-07
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 4.694913E-09
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.51E-05 4.82099878 98%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 9.99E-04 0%

A(4,5) = -1.01E-06 HCO3 1.48E-06 48%
CO3 1.47E-08 47%
H= 1.51E-05
H2CO3 9.99E-04
HCO3 = 1.48E-06
CO3= 1.47E-08
A(1,1) = 1.49E-03 1.49E-03 -2.25E-05 1.51E-02 0.00E+00 4.79E-07

A(1,2) = -2.25E-05 9.90E-03 0.00E+00 -1.01E-01 1.02E+01 -1.49E-07
A(1,3) = 1.51E-02 -1.000043853 0 1 2 -6.42366E-10
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,5) = 4.79E-07
A(2,1) = 9.90E-03
A(2,2) = 0 61.09274825 1.8E-01 -9.1E-01 0.001373725
A(2,3)= -1.01E-01 -6.1E+01 -8.0E-02 -9.1E-02 0.998638238
A(2,4) = 1.02E+01 6.0E+01 -1.8E-02 8.9E-02 0.001349739

A(2,5) = -1.49423E-07 5.3E-01 9.8E-02 1.8E-03 1.202334E-05
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 2.922118E-05
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -2.89805E-05
A(3,5) = -6.42366E-10 ΔHCO3 = 2.873914E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 2.413434E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 4.43E-05 4.353380368 194%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 9.70E-04 3%
A(4,5) = -2.17E-19 HCO3 3.02E-05 1936%
CO3 2.56E-07 1642%
H= 4.43E-05
H2CO3 9.70E-04
HCO3 = 3.02E-05
CO3= 2.56E-07
A(1,1) = 3.12E-02 3.12E-02 -1.43E-03 4.57E-02 0.00E+00 -8.81E-07
A(1,2) = -1.43E-03 8.47E-03 0.00E+00 -1.24E-02 1.47E+00 -3.75E-07
A(1,3) = 4.57E-02 -1.000005091 0 1 2 -8.44838E-10
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 2.168404E-19
A(1,5) = -8.81E-07
A(2,1) = 8.47E-03
A(2,2) = 0 12.80924093 8.0E-01 -5.9E-01 0.018254807
A(2,3)= -1.24E-02 -1.3E+01 -1.2E-01 -4.0E-01 0.981793472
A(2,4) = 1.47E+00 1.3E+01 -5.5E-01 3.9E-01 0.018158156

A(2,5) = -3.75421E-07 3.4E-02 6.7E-01 6.8E-03 4.837176E-05
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.15775E-05
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.129598E-05
A(3,5) = -8.44838E-10 ΔHCO3 = -1.10136E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -2.82424E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 3.27E-05 4.484861215 26%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 9.81E-04 1%
A(4,5) = 2.17E-19 HCO3 1.92E-05 36%
CO3 -2.64E-08 110%
H= 3.27E-05
H2CO3 9.81E-04
HCO3 = 1.92E-05
CO3= -2.64E-08
A(1,1) = 1.96E-02 1.96E-02 -6.54E-04 3.34E-02 0.00E+00 -1.40E-07
A(1,2) = -6.54E-04 -1.37E-03 0.00E+00 2.34E-03 1.70E+00 4.50E-08
A(1,3) = 3.34E-02 -1.00E+00 0 1 2 -2.08378E-11
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -1.40E-07
A(2,1) = -1.37E-03
A(2,2) = 0 18.63465288 7.4E-01 -6.4E-01 0.012184734

A(2,3)= 2.34E-03 -1.9E+01 -1.5E-01 -3.6E-01 0.987808215
A(2,4) = 1.70E+00 1.9E+01 -4.4E-01 3.7E-01 0.012198722
A(2,5) = 4.502588E-08 -1.1E-02 5.9E-01 -1.0E-03 -6.9368E-06
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -2.57824E-06
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 2.606242E-06
A(3,5) = -2.08378E-11 ΔHCO3 = -2.6342E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 2.795584E-08
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 3.02E-05 4.520478096 8%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 9.83E-04 0%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 1.66E-05 14%
CO3 1.57E-09 106%
H= 3.02E-05
H2CO3 9.83E-04
HCO3 = 1.66E-05
CO3= 1.57E-09
A(1,1) = 1.69E-02 1.69E-02 -5.17E-04 3.07E-02 0.00E+00 -7.28E-09
A(1,2) = -5.17E-04 9.47E-05 0.00E+00 -1.72E-04 1.82E+00 -2.81E-09
A(1,3) = 3.07E-02 -1.000010989 0 1 2 -2.05517E-12
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 2.168404E-19
A(1,5) = -7.28E-09
A(2,1) = 9.47E-05
A(2,2) = 0 20.8138477 7.1E-01 -6.5E-01 0.010761507

A(2,3)= -1.72E-04 -2.1E+01 -1.6E-01 -3.5E-01 0.989238834
A(2,4) = 1.82E+00 2.1E+01 -3.9E-01 3.5E-01 0.010760707
A(2,5) = -2.80709E-09 8.9E-04 5.5E-01 6.7E-05 4.591224E-07
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.53457E-07
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.519121E-07
A(3,5) = -2.05517E-12 ΔHCO3 = -1.50363E-07

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.54871E-09
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 3.00E-05 4.522693007 1%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 9.84E-04 0%
A(4,5) = 2.17E-19 HCO3 1.64E-05 1%
CO3 2.13E-11 99%
H= 3.00E-05
H2CO3 9.84E-04
HCO3 = 1.64E-05
CO3= 2.13E-11
A(1,1) = 1.67E-02 1.67E-02 -5.10E-04 3.05E-02 0.00E+00 -2.46E-11
A(1,2) = -5.10E-04 1.30E-06 0.00E+00 -2.37E-06 1.83E+00 1.12E-11
A(1,3) = 3.05E-02 -1.00E+00 0 1 2 -8.6223E-15
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,5) = -2.46E-11
A(2,1) = 1.30E-06
A(2,2) = 0 20.95388244 7.1E-01 -6.5E-01 0.010677722
A(2,3)= -2.37E-06 -2.1E+01 -1.6E-01 -3.5E-01 0.989322166
A(2,4) = 1.83E+00 2.1E+01 -3.9E-01 3.5E-01 0.010677828

A(2,5) = 1.122773E-11 1.2E-05 5.5E-01 9.1E-07 6.264031E-09
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -5.07194E-10
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 5.133531E-10
A(3,5) = -8.6223E-15 ΔHCO3 = -5.19498E-10
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 6.144466E-12
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 3.00E-05 4.522700346 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 9.84E-04 0%
A(4,5) = -2.17E-19 HCO3 1.64E-05 0%
CO3 2.74E-11 29%
H= 3.00E-05
H2CO3 9.84E-04
HCO3 = 1.64E-05
CO3= 2.74E-11
A(1,1) = 1.67E-02 1.67E-02 -5.10E-04 3.05E-02 0.00E+00 -2.81E-16
A(1,2) = -5.10E-04 1.67E-06 0.00E+00 -3.05E-06 1.83E+00 -1.65E-16
A(1,3) = 3.05E-02 -1.00E+00 0 1 2 -9.14796E-20
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -2.81E-16
A(2,1) = 1.67E-06
A(2,2) = 0 20.95436724 7.1E-01 -6.5E-01 0.01067744
A(2,3)= -3.05E-06 -2.1E+01 -1.6E-01 -3.5E-01 0.98932245
A(2,4) = 1.83E+00 2.1E+01 -3.9E-01 3.5E-01 0.010677542
A(2,5) = -1.65377E-16 1.6E-05 5.5E-01 1.2E-06 8.072528E-09
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -5.9989E-15
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 5.908544E-15
A(3,5) = -9.14796E-20 ΔHCO3 = -5.81803E-15
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -9.05116E-17
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 3.00E-05 4.522700346 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 9.84E-04 0%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 1.64E-05 0%
CO3 2.74E-11 0%
Pcb = 3 pH = 4.5E+00
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑥^2+𝑥𝑦−10 𝑓(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑥^2+𝑥𝑦
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦^2−57 𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦

T=
0 0 Ka,1 = 1
0 10.22 Ka,2= 6.025596E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M
Cb = 4 c= 1.00E-04 M
〗 _3^∗
𝐻^+ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂𝐾_(𝑎,2)+
) |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
〗 _3^− |/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ ||+
= (|𝐻^+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂|𝐻^+
𝐾_(𝑎,1) 〗 _3^∗ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝐶_𝑇= |+ |𝐻^+
| 〖〖𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂
|^2〗) ^∗ 〗 _3||+
_2 𝐶𝑂 | 〗 _3^= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + |
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |
𝐵𝐶= 𝐶_𝐵− 𝐶_𝐴= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ |
1.00E-04 8 1.00E-08 1.95E-05 9.76E-04 4.89E-06 9.86E-04 8.86E-04
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ ||
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗
^∗ 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻
𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
h(x,y,z,w) = | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ | - BC2
i(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ | 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | -Ct
Variables
x, y, z, w
H, H2CO3, HCO3 CO3
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| -1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=−|𝐻^+ || 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=0 〖ℎ 〖𝑖
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3 = ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=
0 1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2
|/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 || 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^= |/|
_3 |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =
|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
Matrices
H= 1.00E-07
H2CO3 1.00E-04
HCO3 = 1.00E-05
CO3= 1.00E-06
A(1,1) = 1.00E-01 1.00E-01 -1.00E-04 1.00E-03 0.00E+00 4.91E-07
A(1,2) = -1.00E-04 1.00E-01 0.00E+00 -1.00E-03 1.00E-02 -9.95E-09

A(1,3) = 1.00E-03 -2.00E+00 0 1 2 0.000874413
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 8.89E-04
A(1,5) = 4.91E-07
A(2,1) = 1.00E-01
A(2,2) = 0 8.378718056 1.5E+00 -7.8E-03 0.000837872
A(2,3)= -1.00E-03 -8.5E+01 6.8E+01 -8.4E-01 0.991481637
A(2,4) = 1.00E-02 1.5E+02 -1.4E+02 6.9E-01 0.015360983
A(2,5) = -9.94988E-09 -6.8E+01 7.1E+01 1.5E-01 -0.00684262
A(3,1) = -2.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.93118E-06
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 0.000106259
A(3,5) = 0.000874413 ΔHCO3 = 0.000694931
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 8.78099E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H -1.83E-06 Err:502 1931%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.06E-04 106%

A(4,5) = 8.89E-04 HCO3 7.05E-04 6949%
CO3 8.88E-05 8781%
H= -1.83E-06
H2CO3 2.06E-04
HCO3 = 7.05E-04
CO3= 8.88E-05
A(1,1) = 3.42E+00 3.42E+00 3.03E-02 -8.88E-03 0.00E+00 6.76E-06

A(1,2) = 3.03E-02 1.26E-01 0.00E+00 3.27E-04 -2.60E-03 2.31E-07
A(1,3) = -8.88E-03 -1.002982213 0 1 2 2.03664E-06
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 6.76E-06
A(2,1) = 1.26E-01
A(2,2) = 0 0.190604791 2.8E+00 6.6E-03 -0.005783422
A(2,3)= 3.27E-04 7.2E+00 -2.0E+02 -6.5E-01 0.781178564
A(2,4) = -2.60E-03 -1.5E+01 4.0E+02 3.0E-01 0.443443541

A(2,5) = 2.30749E-07 7.4E+00 -2.0E+02 3.6E-01 -0.224622105
A(3,1) = -1.00E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 1.95223E-06
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.081189E-06
A(3,5) = 2.03664E-06 ΔHCO3 = -6.15707E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 5.075881E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.21E-07 6.917028532 107%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.07E-04 1%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 6.99E-04 1%
CO3 9.39E-05 6%
H= 1.21E-07
H2CO3 2.07E-04
HCO3 = 6.99E-04
CO3= 9.39E-05
A(1,1) = 3.37E+00 3.37E+00 -1.97E-03 5.84E-04 0.00E+00 9.32E-08
A(1,2) = -1.97E-03 1.34E-01 0.00E+00 -2.33E-05 1.73E-04 -1.62E-08
A(1,3) = 5.84E-04 -1.682428357 0 1 2 -9.38922E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 9.32E-08
A(2,1) = 1.34E-01
A(2,2) = 0 0.189016149 2.7E+00 -4.2E-04 0.000371912
A(2,3)= -2.33E-05 -1.2E+02 2.9E+03 -6.4E-01 0.772085983
A(2,4) = 1.73E-04 2.3E+02 -5.8E+03 2.7E-01 0.45520232

A(2,5) = -1.62142E-08 -1.2E+02 2.9E+03 3.6E-01 -0.227288303
A(3,1) = -1.68E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -2.60594E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -5.7719E-05
A(3,5) = -9.38922E-08 ΔHCO3 = 0.000115576
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -5.78567E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.50E-08 7.022310938 22%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.50E-04 28%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 8.14E-04 17%
CO3 3.60E-05 62%
H= 9.50E-08
H2CO3 1.50E-04
HCO3 = 8.14E-04
CO3= 3.60E-05
A(1,1) = 5.44E+00 5.44E+00 -3.46E-03 6.35E-04 0.00E+00 -1.58E-08
A(1,2) = -3.46E-03 4.42E-02 0.00E+00 -5.16E-06 1.17E-04 -4.15E-09
A(1,3) = 6.35E-04 -2.11E+00 0 1 2 -4.87862E-09
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -1.58E-08
A(2,1) = 4.42E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.140894945 5.2E+00 -5.5E-04 0.000486865

A(2,3)= -5.16E-06 -4.9E+01 6.0E+03 -7.7E-01 0.829366928
A(2,4) = 1.17E-04 9.8E+01 -1.2E+04 5.3E-01 0.340239731
A(2,5) = -4.15261E-09 -4.9E+01 6.0E+03 2.3E-01 -0.169606659
A(3,1) = -2.11E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -2.40022E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -2.42886E-05
A(3,5) = -4.87862E-09 ΔHCO3 = 4.863274E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -2.43441E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 7.10E-08 7.148801465 25%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.25E-04 16%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 8.63E-04 6%
CO3 1.17E-05 68%
H= 7.10E-08
H2CO3 1.25E-04
HCO3 = 8.63E-04
CO3= 1.17E-05
A(1,1) = 6.89E+00 6.89E+00 -3.90E-03 5.66E-04 0.00E+00 1.24E-08
A(1,2) = -3.90E-03 1.35E-02 0.00E+00 -1.11E-06 8.23E-05 -9.11E-10
A(1,3) = 5.66E-04 -2.984279883 0 1 2 -8.99345E-09
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 1.24E-08
A(2,1) = 1.35E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.129781911 7.7E+00 -5.7E-04 0.000506158

A(2,3)= -1.11E-06 -2.1E+01 1.1E+04 -8.9E-01 0.917392784
A(2,4) = 8.23E-05 4.2E+01 -2.1E+04 7.9E-01 0.163703915
A(2,5) = -9.11103E-10 -2.1E+01 1.1E+04 1.0E-01 -0.081096699
A(3,1) = -2.98E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -5.4316E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -9.88832E-06
A(3,5) = -8.99345E-09 ΔHCO3 = 1.980185E-05

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -9.91353E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 6.56E-08 7.183370215 8%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.15E-04 8%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 8.83E-04 2%
CO3 1.77E-06 85%
H= 6.56E-08
H2CO3 1.15E-04
HCO3 = 8.83E-04
CO3= 1.77E-06
A(1,1) = 7.65E+00 7.65E+00 -4.34E-03 5.68E-04 0.00E+00 -1.29E-10
A(1,2) = -4.34E-03 2.01E-03 0.00E+00 -1.49E-07 7.43E-05 -8.14E-11
A(1,3) = 5.68E-04 -3.33E+00 0 1 2 -8.92955E-10
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -1.29E-10
A(2,1) = 2.01E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.128031635 9.4E+00 -6.3E-04 0.000555976
A(2,3)= -1.49E-07 -3.9E+00 1.3E+04 -9.8E-01 0.983191471
A(2,4) = 7.43E-05 7.3E+00 -2.6E+04 9.6E-01 0.031767491

A(2,5) = -8.14331E-11 -3.4E+00 1.3E+04 1.9E-02 -0.014958962
A(3,1) = -3.33E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -7.8197E-10
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.06763E-06
A(3,5) = -8.92955E-10 ΔHCO3 = 2.138751E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.07112E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 6.48E-08 7.188581535 1%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.14E-04 1%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 8.85E-04 0%
CO3 7.00E-07 60%
H= 6.48E-08
H2CO3 1.14E-04
HCO3 = 8.85E-04
CO3= 7.00E-07
A(1,1) = 7.74E+00 7.74E+00 -4.38E-03 5.66E-04 0.00E+00 1.58E-11
A(1,2) = -4.38E-03 7.91E-04 0.00E+00 -5.79E-08 7.32E-05 -1.14E-12
A(1,3) = 5.66E-04 -3.38E+00 0 1 2 -2.19635E-11
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 1.58E-11
A(2,1) = 7.91E-04
A(2,2) = 0 0.127989138 9.6E+00 -6.3E-04 0.000560818
A(2,3)= -5.79E-08 -1.8E+00 1.4E+04 -9.9E-01 0.992050732
A(2,4) = 7.32E-05 3.2E+00 -2.7E+04 9.8E-01 0.014001169
A(2,5) = -1.14332E-12 -1.4E+00 1.4E+04 7.6E-03 -0.006051901
A(3,1) = -3.38E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -8.96701E-12
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.54453E-08
A(3,5) = -2.19635E-11 ΔHCO3 = 3.094299E-08
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.54976E-08
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 6.48E-08 7.188641659 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.14E-04 0%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 8.85E-04 0%
CO3 6.85E-07 2%
Pcb = 4 pH = 7.2E+00
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦^2−57 𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦

T=
0 0 Ka,1 = 1
0 10.22 Ka,2= 6.025596E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M
Cb = 5 c= 1.00E-05 M
〗 _3^∗
𝐻^+ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂𝐾_(𝑎,2)+
) |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
〗 _3^− |/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ ||+
= (|𝐻^+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂|𝐻^+
𝐾_(𝑎,1) 〗 _3^∗ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝐶_𝑇= |+ |𝐻^+
| 〖〖𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂
|^2〗) ^∗ 〗 _3||+
_2 𝐶𝑂 | 〗 _3^= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + |
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |
𝐵𝐶= 𝐶_𝐵− 𝐶_𝐴= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ |
1.00E-05 8 1.00E-08 1.95E-05 9.76E-04 4.89E-06 9.86E-04 9.76E-04
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ ||
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗
^∗ 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻
𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
h(x,y,z,w) = | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ | - BC2
i(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ | 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | -Ct
Variables
x, y, z, w
H, H2CO3, HCO3 CO3
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| -1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=−|𝐻^+ || 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=0 〖ℎ 〖𝑖
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3 = ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=
0 1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2
|/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 || 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^= |/|
_3 |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =
|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
Matrices
H= 1.00E-08
H2CO3 1.00E-07
HCO3 = 1.00E-06
CO3= 1.00E-07
A(1,1) = 1.00E+01 1.00E+01 -1.00E+00 1.00E-01 0.00E+00 4.01E-07
A(1,2) = -1.00E+00 1.00E-01 0.00E+00 -1.00E-03 1.00E-02 -9.50E-10

A(1,3) = 1.00E-01 -1.01E+02 0 1 2 0.000974223
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 9.99E-04
A(1,5) = 4.01E-07
A(2,1) = 1.00E-01
A(2,2) = 0 0.008264463 8.3E-01 -8.3E-03 0.008264463
A(2,3)= -1.00E-03 -8.3E-01 -6.9E-02 -8.3E-02 0.165977961
A(2,4) = 1.00E-02 8.3E-01 -8.3E+01 -2.3E-17 0.833333333
A(2,5) = -9.49881E-10 6.9E-04 8.3E+01 8.3E-02 0.000688705
A(3,1) = -1.01E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 2.05645E-07
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 8.492994E-05
A(3,5) = 0.000974223 ΔHCO3 = 0.000832747
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 8.112324E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 2.16E-07 6.666260586 2056%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 8.50E-05 84930%

A(4,5) = 9.99E-04 HCO3 8.34E-04 83275%
CO3 8.12E-05 81123%
H= 2.16E-07
H2CO3 8.50E-05
HCO3 = 8.34E-04
CO3= 8.12E-05
A(1,1) = 9.81E+00 9.81E+00 -2.49E-02 2.54E-03 0.00E+00 -1.61E-06

A(1,2) = -2.49E-02 9.74E-02 0.00E+00 -2.52E-05 2.59E-04 -2.10E-08
A(1,3) = 2.54E-03 -1.215040951 0 1 2 -1.96109E-05
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,5) = -1.61E-06
A(2,1) = 9.74E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.051884438 5.0E+00 -1.3E-03 0.001290229
A(2,3)= -2.52E-05 -1.6E+01 1.6E+03 -5.1E-01 0.591837436
A(2,4) = 2.59E-04 3.3E+01 -3.3E+03 1.9E-02 0.814757446

A(2,5) = -2.09579E-08 -1.6E+01 1.7E+03 4.9E-01 -0.406594882
A(3,1) = -1.22E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.63651E-07
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.966419E-06
A(3,5) = -1.96109E-05 ΔHCO3 = 1.587688E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.78433E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 5.20E-08 7.284044194 76%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 8.70E-05 2%
A(4,5) = -2.17E-19 HCO3 8.50E-04 2%
CO3 6.34E-05 22%
H= 5.20E-08
H2CO3 8.70E-05
HCO3 = 8.50E-04
CO3= 6.34E-05
A(1,1) = 9.77E+00 9.77E+00 -5.84E-03 5.98E-04 0.00E+00 -6.60E-09
A(1,2) = -5.84E-03 7.46E-02 0.00E+00 -4.57E-06 6.12E-05 -3.83E-09
A(1,3) = 5.98E-04 -4.699034557 0 1 2 -1.10765E-07
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -6.60E-09
A(2,1) = 7.46E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.057959246 5.8E+00 -3.5E-04 0.000338301
A(2,3)= -4.57E-06 -6.2E+01 8.0E+03 -5.7E-01 0.639669948
A(2,4) = 6.12E-05 1.2E+02 -1.6E+04 1.3E-01 0.719070418

A(2,5) = -3.82854E-09 -6.1E+01 8.1E+03 4.3E-01 -0.358740366
A(3,1) = -4.70E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -2.25324E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -3.03357E-05
A(3,5) = -1.10765E-07 ΔHCO3 = 6.08881E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -3.05524E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 2.95E-08 7.530738825 43%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 5.67E-05 35%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.11E-04 7%
CO3 3.28E-05 48%
H= 2.95E-08
H2CO3 5.67E-05
HCO3 = 9.11E-04
CO3= 3.28E-05
A(1,1) = 1.61E+01 1.61E+01 -8.36E-03 5.20E-04 0.00E+00 2.77E-08
A(1,2) = -8.36E-03 3.61E-02 0.00E+00 -1.17E-06 3.24E-05 -1.01E-09
A(1,3) = 5.20E-04 -1.25E+01 0 1 2 -6.37443E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 2.77E-08
A(2,1) = 3.61E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.038548108 1.0E+01 -3.3E-04 0.000322097

A(2,3)= -1.17E-06 -4.1E+01 1.8E+04 -6.2E-01 0.66134856
A(2,4) = 3.24E-05 8.1E+01 -3.6E+04 2.4E-01 0.673270007
A(2,5) = -1.0121E-09 -4.0E+01 1.8E+04 3.8E-01 -0.334618568
A(3,1) = -1.25E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -9.4761E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.91502E-05
A(3,5) = -6.37443E-08 ΔHCO3 = 3.848279E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.93326E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 2.00E-08 7.699277846 32%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 3.75E-05 34%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.49E-04 4%
CO3 1.35E-05 59%
H= 2.00E-08
H2CO3 3.75E-05
HCO3 = 9.49E-04
CO3= 1.35E-05
A(1,1) = 2.53E+01 2.53E+01 -1.35E-02 5.33E-04 0.00E+00 -4.44E-09
A(1,2) = -1.35E-02 1.42E-02 0.00E+00 -2.99E-07 2.11E-05 -2.34E-10
A(1,3) = 5.33E-04 -26.03546674 0 1 2 -5.17624E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -4.44E-09
A(2,1) = 1.42E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.028401915 1.9E+01 -3.9E-04 0.000382851

A(2,3)= -2.99E-07 -1.9E+01 3.3E+04 -7.2E-01 0.73880776
A(2,4) = 2.11E-05 3.8E+01 -6.7E+04 4.5E-01 0.512416788
A(2,5) = -2.34086E-10 -1.9E+01 3.4E+04 2.7E-01 -0.251224548
A(3,1) = -2.60E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -4.57078E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -7.63842E-06
A(3,5) = -5.17624E-08 ΔHCO3 = 1.544761E-05

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -7.80919E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.54E-08 7.812055198 23%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.99E-05 20%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.64E-04 2%
CO3 5.69E-06 58%
H= 1.54E-08
H2CO3 2.99E-05
HCO3 = 9.64E-04
CO3= 5.69E-06
A(1,1) = 3.23E+01 3.23E+01 -1.67E-02 5.16E-04 0.00E+00 3.50E-09
A(1,2) = -1.67E-02 5.90E-03 0.00E+00 -9.42E-08 1.60E-05 -4.08E-11
A(1,3) = 5.16E-04 -4.31E+01 0 1 2 -3.39306E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 3.50E-09
A(2,1) = 5.90E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.025334889 2.8E+01 -4.3E-04 0.000422096
A(2,3)= -9.42E-08 -1.0E+01 5.1E+04 -8.2E-01 0.828046157
A(2,4) = 1.60E-05 2.0E+01 -1.0E+05 6.5E-01 0.325722382

A(2,5) = -4.07595E-11 -9.2E+00 5.2E+04 1.6E-01 -0.153768539
A(3,1) = -4.31E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.0264E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -2.06853E-06
A(3,5) = -3.39306E-08 ΔHCO3 = 4.21521E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -2.14668E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.44E-08 7.841980197 7%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.78E-05 7%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.69E-04 0%
CO3 3.54E-06 38%
H= 1.44E-08
H2CO3 2.78E-05
HCO3 = 9.69E-04
CO3= 3.54E-06
A(1,1) = 3.48E+01 3.48E+01 -1.80E-02 5.18E-04 0.00E+00 -1.05E-10
A(1,2) = -1.80E-02 3.65E-03 0.00E+00 -5.43E-08 1.49E-05 -2.45E-12
A(1,3) = 5.18E-04 -4.93E+01 0 1 2 -3.08125E-09
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -1.05E-10
A(2,1) = 3.65E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.024748976 3.2E+01 -4.6E-04 0.00044622
A(2,3)= -5.43E-08 -7.3E+00 5.8E+04 -8.6E-01 0.869121884
A(2,4) = 1.49E-05 1.3E+01 -1.2E+05 7.5E-01 0.23975694
A(2,5) = -2.45202E-12 -6.0E+00 5.9E+04 1.2E-01 -0.108878823
A(3,1) = -4.93E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -7.85063E-11
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.37779E-07
A(3,5) = -3.08125E-09 ΔHCO3 = 2.825094E-07
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.44731E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.43E-08 7.84435625 1%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.77E-05 0%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.69E-04 0%
CO3 3.39E-06 4%
Pcb = 5 pH = 7.8E+00
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦^2−57 𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦

T=
0 0 Ka,1 = 1
0 10.22 Ka,2= 6.025596E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M
Cb = 6 c= 1.00E-06 M
〗 _3^∗
𝐻^+ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂𝐾_(𝑎,2)+
) |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
〗 _3^− |/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ ||+
= (|𝐻^+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂|𝐻^+
𝐾_(𝑎,1) 〗 _3^∗ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝐶_𝑇= |+ |𝐻^+
| 〖〖𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂
|^2〗) ^∗ 〗 _3||+
_2 𝐶𝑂 | 〗 _3^= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + |
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |
𝐵𝐶= 𝐶_𝐵− 𝐶_𝐴= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ |
1.00E-06 8 1.00E-08 1.95E-05 9.76E-04 4.89E-06 9.86E-04 9.85E-04
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ ||
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗
^∗ 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻
𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
h(x,y,z,w) = | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ | - BC2
i(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ | 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | -Ct
Variables
x, y, z, w
H, H2CO3, HCO3 CO3
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| -1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=−|𝐻^+ || 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=0 〖ℎ 〖𝑖
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3 = ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=
0 1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2
|/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 || 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^= |/|
_3 |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =
|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
Matrices
H= 1.00E-08
H2CO3 1.00E-07
HCO3 = 1.00E-06
CO3= 1.00E-07
A(1,1) = 1.00E+01 1.00E+01 -1.00E+00 1.00E-01 0.00E+00 4.01E-07
A(1,2) = -1.00E+00 1.00E-01 0.00E+00 -1.00E-03 1.00E-02 -9.50E-10

A(1,3) = 1.00E-01 -1.01E+02 0 1 2 0.000983223
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 9.99E-04
A(1,5) = 4.01E-07
A(2,1) = 1.00E-01
A(2,2) = 0 0.008264463 8.3E-01 -8.3E-03 0.008264463
A(2,3)= -1.00E-03 -8.3E-01 -6.9E-02 -8.3E-02 0.165977961
A(2,4) = 1.00E-02 8.3E-01 -8.3E+01 -2.3E-17 0.833333333
A(2,5) = -9.49881E-10 6.9E-04 8.3E+01 8.3E-02 0.000688705
A(3,1) = -1.01E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 1.312648E-07
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 8.418614E-05
A(3,5) = 0.000983223 ΔHCO3 = 0.000832747
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 8.186704E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.41E-07 6.849965902 1313%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 8.43E-05 84186%

A(4,5) = 9.99E-04 HCO3 8.34E-04 83275%
CO3 8.20E-05 81867%
H= 1.41E-07
H2CO3 8.43E-05
HCO3 = 8.34E-04
CO3= 8.20E-05
A(1,1) = 9.89E+00 9.89E+00 -1.66E-02 1.68E-03 0.00E+00 -8.96E-07

A(1,2) = -1.66E-02 9.83E-02 0.00E+00 -1.67E-05 1.69E-04 -1.38E-08
A(1,3) = 1.68E-03 -1.501108539 0 1 2 -1.21973E-05
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,5) = -8.96E-07
A(2,1) = 9.83E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.051069346 5.0E+00 -8.5E-04 0.000846674
A(2,3)= -1.67E-05 -2.5E+01 2.5E+03 -5.1E-01 0.588285478
A(2,4) = 1.69E-04 5.0E+01 -5.0E+03 1.2E-02 0.822158095

A(2,5) = -1.38379E-08 -2.5E+01 2.5E+03 4.9E-01 -0.410443573
A(3,1) = -1.50E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.04887E-07
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -6.05262E-06
A(3,5) = -1.21973E-05 ΔHCO3 = 2.445997E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.84073E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 3.64E-08 7.439161261 74%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 7.82E-05 7%
A(4,5) = -2.17E-19 HCO3 8.58E-04 3%
CO3 6.36E-05 22%
H= 3.64E-08
H2CO3 7.82E-05
HCO3 = 8.58E-04
CO3= 6.36E-05
A(1,1) = 1.10E+01 1.10E+01 -5.10E-03 4.65E-04 0.00E+00 1.02E-07
A(1,2) = -5.10E-03 7.41E-02 0.00E+00 -3.14E-06 4.24E-05 -2.64E-09
A(1,3) = 4.65E-04 -8.556531933 0 1 2 -1.51543E-07
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 1.02E-07
A(2,1) = 7.41E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.049525009 6.1E+00 -2.6E-04 0.000252621
A(2,3)= -3.14E-06 -7.6E+01 1.1E+04 -5.4E-01 0.613541437
A(2,4) = 4.24E-05 1.5E+02 -2.2E+04 8.9E-02 0.770755566

A(2,5) = -2.64407E-09 -7.5E+01 1.1E+04 4.5E-01 -0.384297003
A(3,1) = -8.56E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.11304E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -3.71608E-05
A(3,5) = -1.51543E-07 ΔHCO3 = 7.456838E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -3.74076E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 2.52E-08 7.597780803 31%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 4.11E-05 47%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.33E-04 9%
CO3 2.62E-05 59%
H= 2.52E-08
H2CO3 4.11E-05
HCO3 = 9.33E-04
CO3= 2.62E-05
A(1,1) = 2.27E+01 2.27E+01 -1.40E-02 6.15E-04 0.00E+00 -7.22E-08
A(1,2) = -1.40E-02 2.80E-02 0.00E+00 -7.59E-07 2.71E-05 -6.58E-10
A(1,3) = 6.15E-04 -1.67E+01 0 1 2 -3.7079E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -7.22E-08
A(2,1) = 2.80E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.026423455 1.4E+01 -3.7E-04 0.000368875

A(2,3)= -7.59E-07 -2.6E+01 2.1E+04 -6.0E-01 0.632204591
A(2,4) = 2.71E-05 5.2E+01 -4.2E+04 2.1E-01 0.729435116
A(2,5) = -6.57744E-10 -2.6E+01 2.1E+04 3.9E-01 -0.361639707
A(3,1) = -1.67E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.11291E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.18776E-05
A(3,5) = -3.7079E-08 ΔHCO3 = 2.397799E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.21004E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.41E-08 7.850212376 44%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.92E-05 29%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.57E-04 3%
CO3 1.41E-05 46%
H= 1.41E-08
H2CO3 2.92E-05
HCO3 = 9.57E-04
CO3= 1.41E-05
A(1,1) = 3.28E+01 3.28E+01 -1.58E-02 4.84E-04 0.00E+00 3.85E-08
A(1,2) = -1.58E-02 1.47E-02 0.00E+00 -2.17E-07 1.48E-05 -1.57E-10
A(1,3) = 4.84E-04 -51.16776478 0 1 2 -1.37623E-07
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 3.85E-08
A(2,1) = 1.47E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.02005929 2.2E+01 -3.2E-04 0.000317894

A(2,3)= -2.17E-07 -2.0E+01 4.3E+04 -6.6E-01 0.676603274
A(2,4) = 1.48E-05 4.0E+01 -8.8E+04 3.3E-01 0.63052752
A(2,5) = -1.57238E-10 -1.9E+01 4.4E+04 3.3E-01 -0.307130795
A(3,1) = -5.12E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -2.67452E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -7.49484E-06
A(3,5) = -1.37623E-07 ΔHCO3 = 1.526415E-05

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -7.76931E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.14E-08 7.941424205 19%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.17E-05 26%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.72E-04 2%
CO3 6.28E-06 55%
H= 1.14E-08
H2CO3 2.17E-05
HCO3 = 9.72E-04
CO3= 6.28E-06
A(1,1) = 4.48E+01 4.48E+01 -2.36E-02 5.27E-04 0.00E+00 -1.14E-08
A(1,2) = -2.36E-02 6.46E-03 0.00E+00 -7.61E-08 1.18E-05 -2.38E-11
A(1,3) = 5.27E-04 -7.74E+01 0 1 2 -3.13575E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 2.168404E-19
A(1,5) = -1.14E-08
A(2,1) = 6.46E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.016660328 3.4E+01 -4.0E-04 0.000393552
A(2,3)= -7.61E-08 -1.0E+01 6.3E+04 -7.5E-01 0.756457927
A(2,4) = 1.18E-05 1.9E+01 -1.3E+05 5.2E-01 0.456640143

A(2,5) = -2.38466E-11 -9.0E+00 6.5E+04 2.2E-01 -0.21309807
A(3,1) = -7.74E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -9.99812E-10
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.34975E-06
A(3,5) = -3.13575E-08 ΔHCO3 = 2.808191E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.45845E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.04E-08 7.981127582 9%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.04E-05 6%
A(4,5) = 2.17E-19 HCO3 9.75E-04 0%
CO3 4.82E-06 23%
H= 1.04E-08
H2CO3 2.04E-05
HCO3 = 9.75E-04
CO3= 4.82E-06
A(1,1) = 4.79E+01 4.79E+01 -2.46E-02 5.13E-04 0.00E+00 8.95E-10
A(1,2) = -2.46E-02 4.95E-03 0.00E+00 -5.30E-08 1.07E-05 -1.56E-12
A(1,3) = 5.13E-04 -9.27E+01 0 1 2 -7.30824E-09
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,5) = 8.95E-10
A(2,1) = 4.95E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.016147544 3.8E+01 -4.0E-04 0.000396967
A(2,3)= -5.30E-08 -8.9E+00 7.1E+04 -7.7E-01 0.781835791
A(2,4) = 1.07E-05 1.6E+01 -1.5E+05 5.8E-01 0.399539174
A(2,5) = -1.56452E-12 -7.4E+00 7.5E+04 1.9E-01 -0.181374965
A(3,1) = -9.27E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -4.23919E-11
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.14027E-07
A(3,5) = -7.30824E-09 ΔHCO3 = 2.392909E-07
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.25264E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.04E-08 7.982893935 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.02E-05 1%
A(4,5) = -2.17E-19 HCO3 9.75E-04 0%
CO3 4.70E-06 3%
Pcb = 6 pH = 8.0E+00
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦^2−57 𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦

T=
0 0 Ka,1 = 1
0 10.22 Ka,2= 6.025596E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M
Cb = 7 c= 1.00E-07 M
〗 _3^∗
𝐻^+ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂𝐾_(𝑎,2)+
) |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
〗 _3^− |/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ ||+
= (|𝐻^+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂|𝐻^+
𝐾_(𝑎,1) 〗 _3^∗ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝐶_𝑇= |+ |𝐻^+
| 〖〖𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂
|^2〗) ^∗ 〗 _3||+
_2 𝐶𝑂 | 〗 _3^= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + |
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |
𝐵𝐶= 𝐶_𝐵− 𝐶_𝐴= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ |
1.00E-07 8 1.00E-08 1.95E-05 9.76E-04 4.89E-06 9.86E-04 9.86E-04
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ ||
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗
^∗ 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻
𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
h(x,y,z,w) = | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ | - BC2
i(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ | 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | -Ct
Variables
x, y, z, w
H, H2CO3, HCO3 CO3
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| -1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=−|𝐻^+ || 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=0 〖ℎ 〖𝑖
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3 = ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=
0 1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2
|/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 || 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^= |/|
_3 |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =
|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
Matrices
H= 1.00E-08
H2CO3 1.00E-07
HCO3 = 1.00E-06
CO3= 1.00E-07
A(1,1) = 1.00E+01 1.00E+01 -1.00E+00 1.00E-01 0.00E+00 4.01E-07
A(1,2) = -1.00E+00 1.00E-01 0.00E+00 -1.00E-03 1.00E-02 -9.50E-10

A(1,3) = 1.00E-01 -1.01E+02 0 1 2 0.000984123
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 9.99E-04
A(1,5) = 4.01E-07
A(2,1) = 1.00E-01
A(2,2) = 0 0.008264463 8.3E-01 -8.3E-03 0.008264463
A(2,3)= -1.00E-03 -8.3E-01 -6.9E-02 -8.3E-02 0.165977961
A(2,4) = 1.00E-02 8.3E-01 -8.3E+01 -2.3E-17 0.833333333
A(2,5) = -9.49881E-10 6.9E-04 8.3E+01 8.3E-02 0.000688705
A(3,1) = -1.01E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 1.238268E-07
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 8.411176E-05
A(3,5) = 0.000984123 ΔHCO3 = 0.000832747
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 8.194142E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.34E-07 6.873456813 1238%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 8.42E-05 84112%

A(4,5) = 9.99E-04 HCO3 8.34E-04 83275%
CO3 8.20E-05 81941%
H= 1.34E-07
H2CO3 8.42E-05
HCO3 = 8.34E-04
CO3= 8.20E-05
A(1,1) = 9.90E+00 9.90E+00 -1.57E-02 1.59E-03 0.00E+00 -8.24E-07

A(1,2) = -1.57E-02 9.84E-02 0.00E+00 -1.58E-05 1.61E-04 -1.31E-08
A(1,3) = 1.59E-03 -1.558359136 0 1 2 -1.14574E-05
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -8.24E-07
A(2,1) = 9.84E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.050987721 5.0E+00 -8.0E-04 0.000802227
A(2,3)= -1.58E-05 -2.6E+01 2.6E+03 -5.0E-01 0.587925091
A(2,4) = 1.61E-04 5.2E+01 -5.3E+03 1.1E-02 0.822899661

A(2,5) = -1.31186E-08 -2.6E+01 2.6E+03 4.9E-01 -0.410824751
A(3,1) = -1.56E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -9.86418E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -7.10561E-06
A(3,5) = -1.14574E-05 ΔHCO3 = 2.582235E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.87167E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 3.52E-08 7.453641474 74%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 7.71E-05 8%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 8.60E-04 3%
CO3 6.33E-05 23%
H= 3.52E-08
H2CO3 7.71E-05
HCO3 = 8.60E-04
CO3= 6.33E-05
A(1,1) = 1.11E+01 1.11E+01 -5.09E-03 4.56E-04 0.00E+00 1.09E-07
A(1,2) = -5.09E-03 7.37E-02 0.00E+00 -3.02E-06 4.09E-05 -2.54E-09
A(1,3) = 4.56E-04 -9.077611237 0 1 2 -1.5441E-07
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 1.09E-07
A(2,1) = 7.37E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.04852971 6.2E+00 -2.5E-04 0.00024687
A(2,3)= -3.02E-06 -7.7E+01 1.2E+04 -5.4E-01 0.610653113
A(2,4) = 4.09E-05 1.5E+02 -2.3E+04 8.4E-02 0.776452781

A(2,5) = -2.54198E-09 -7.6E+01 1.2E+04 4.6E-01 -0.387105894
A(3,1) = -9.08E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.04333E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -3.75263E-05
A(3,5) = -1.5441E-07 ΔHCO3 = 7.530165E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -3.77754E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 2.48E-08 7.606393398 30%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 3.96E-05 49%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.35E-04 9%
CO3 2.55E-05 60%
H= 2.48E-08
H2CO3 3.96E-05
HCO3 = 9.35E-04
CO3= 2.55E-05
A(1,1) = 2.36E+01 2.36E+01 -1.48E-02 6.25E-04 0.00E+00 -8.34E-08
A(1,2) = -1.48E-02 2.73E-02 0.00E+00 -7.24E-07 2.65E-05 -6.26E-10
A(1,3) = 6.25E-04 -1.73E+01 0 1 2 -3.55238E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -8.34E-08
A(2,1) = 2.73E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.025277936 1.5E+01 -3.8E-04 0.00037338

A(2,3)= -7.24E-07 -2.5E+01 2.1E+04 -6.0E-01 0.628263718
A(2,4) = 2.65E-05 5.0E+01 -4.3E+04 2.0E-01 0.737004693
A(2,5) = -6.26329E-10 -2.5E+01 2.2E+04 4.0E-01 -0.365268411
A(3,1) = -1.73E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.11801E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.12649E-05
A(3,5) = -3.55238E-08 ΔHCO3 = 2.27589E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.1494E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.36E-08 7.867365256 45%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.83E-05 28%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.58E-04 2%
CO3 1.41E-05 45%
H= 1.36E-08
H2CO3 2.83E-05
HCO3 = 9.58E-04
CO3= 1.41E-05
A(1,1) = 3.38E+01 3.38E+01 -1.62E-02 4.79E-04 0.00E+00 4.22E-08
A(1,2) = -1.62E-02 1.47E-02 0.00E+00 -2.08E-07 1.42E-05 -1.49E-10
A(1,3) = 4.79E-04 -55.29133394 0 1 2 -1.50329E-07
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,5) = 4.22E-08
A(2,1) = 1.47E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.019229417 2.3E+01 -3.2E-04 0.00031172

A(2,3)= -2.08E-07 -2.0E+01 4.5E+04 -6.5E-01 0.669390467
A(2,4) = 1.42E-05 4.0E+01 -9.0E+04 3.2E-01 0.643983664
A(2,5) = -1.49075E-10 -1.9E+01 4.6E+04 3.3E-01 -0.313374132
A(3,1) = -5.53E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -2.51508E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -7.40321E-06
A(3,5) = -1.50329E-07 ΔHCO3 = 1.509581E-05

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -7.6926E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.11E-08 7.956376914 19%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.09E-05 26%
A(4,5) = -2.17E-19 HCO3 9.73E-04 2%
CO3 6.36E-06 55%
H= 1.11E-08
H2CO3 2.09E-05
HCO3 = 9.73E-04
CO3= 6.36E-06
A(1,1) = 4.65E+01 4.65E+01 -2.46E-02 5.29E-04 0.00E+00 -1.31E-08
A(1,2) = -2.46E-02 6.54E-03 0.00E+00 -7.44E-08 1.14E-05 -2.22E-11
A(1,3) = 5.29E-04 -8.28E+01 0 1 2 -3.10606E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -1.31E-08
A(2,1) = 6.54E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.015834605 3.5E+01 -4.0E-04 0.000389437
A(2,3)= -7.44E-08 -1.0E+01 6.4E+04 -7.4E-01 0.746751243
A(2,4) = 1.14E-05 1.9E+01 -1.3E+05 5.1E-01 0.474252128

A(2,5) = -2.22035E-11 -9.0E+00 6.7E+04 2.3E-01 -0.221003372
A(3,1) = -8.28E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -9.78636E-10
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.2609E-06
A(3,5) = -3.10606E-08 ΔHCO3 = 2.633892E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.37299E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.01E-08 7.996625544 9%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.97E-05 6%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.75E-04 0%
CO3 4.99E-06 22%
H= 1.01E-08
H2CO3 1.97E-05
HCO3 = 9.75E-04
CO3= 4.99E-06
A(1,1) = 4.96E+01 4.96E+01 -2.55E-02 5.13E-04 0.00E+00 9.73E-10
A(1,2) = -2.55E-02 5.12E-03 0.00E+00 -5.29E-08 1.03E-05 -1.44E-12
A(1,3) = 5.13E-04 -9.95E+01 0 1 2 -7.77358E-09
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 9.73E-10
A(2,1) = 5.12E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.015341755 3.9E+01 -4.0E-04 0.000390524
A(2,3)= -5.29E-08 -9.0E+00 7.3E+04 -7.6E-01 0.769963536
A(2,4) = 1.03E-05 1.7E+01 -1.5E+05 5.6E-01 0.42123215
A(2,5) = -1.43756E-12 -7.5E+00 7.7E+04 2.0E-01 -0.191195686
A(3,1) = -9.95E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -3.79428E-11
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.07635E-07
A(3,5) = -7.77358E-09 ΔHCO3 = 2.268183E-07
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.19183E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.00E-08 7.99826371 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.95E-05 1%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 4.87E-06 2%
Pcb = 7 pH = 8.0E+00
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦^2−57 𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦

T=
0 0 Ka,1 = 1
0 10.22 Ka,2= 6.025596E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M
Cb = 8 c= 1.00E-08 M
〗 _3^∗
𝐻^+ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂𝐾_(𝑎,2)+
) |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
〗 _3^− |/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ ||+
= (|𝐻^+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+ |+ |𝐻^+ |^2
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝐶_𝑇= |+ |𝐻^+
| 〖〖𝐻 |^2〗) ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ |
_2 𝐶𝑂
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + |
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |
𝐵𝐶= 𝐶_𝐵− 𝐶_𝐴= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ |
1.00E-08 8 1.00E-08 1.95E-05 9.76E-04 4.89E-06 9.86E-04 9.86E-04
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ ||
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗
^∗ 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻
𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
h(x,y,z,w) = | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ | - BC2
i(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ | 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | -Ct
Variables
x, y, z, w
H, H2CO3, HCO3 CO3
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| -1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=−|𝐻^+ || 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=0 〖ℎ 〖𝑖
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3 = ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=
0 1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2
|/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 || 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^= |/|
_3 |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =
|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
Matrices
H= 1.00E-08
H2CO3 1.00E-07
HCO3 = 1.00E-06
CO3= 1.00E-07
A(1,1) = 1.00E+01 1.00E+01 -1.00E+00 1.00E-01 0.00E+00 4.01E-07
A(1,2) = -1.00E+00 1.00E-01 0.00E+00 -1.00E-03 1.00E-02 -9.50E-10

A(1,3) = 1.00E-01 -1.01E+02 0 1 2 0.000984213
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 9.99E-04
A(1,5) = 4.01E-07
A(2,1) = 1.00E-01
A(2,2) = 0 0.008264463 8.3E-01 -8.3E-03 0.008264463
A(2,3)= -1.00E-03 -8.3E-01 -6.9E-02 -8.3E-02 0.165977961
A(2,4) = 1.00E-02 8.3E-01 -8.3E+01 -2.3E-17 0.833333333
A(2,5) = -9.49881E-10 6.9E-04 8.3E+01 8.3E-02 0.000688705
A(3,1) = -1.01E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 1.23083E-07
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 8.410432E-05
A(3,5) = 0.000984213 ΔHCO3 = 0.000832747
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 8.194886E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.33E-07 6.875877329 1231%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 8.42E-05 84104%

A(4,5) = 9.99E-04 HCO3 8.34E-04 83275%
CO3 8.20E-05 81949%
H= 1.33E-07
H2CO3 8.42E-05
HCO3 = 8.34E-04
CO3= 8.20E-05
A(1,1) = 9.90E+00 9.90E+00 -1.56E-02 1.58E-03 0.00E+00 -8.17E-07

A(1,2) = -1.56E-02 9.84E-02 0.00E+00 -1.57E-05 1.60E-04 -1.30E-08
A(1,3) = 1.58E-03 -1.564617921 0 1 2 -1.13834E-05
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,5) = -8.17E-07
A(2,1) = 9.84E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.050979555 5.0E+00 -8.0E-04 0.000797782
A(2,3)= -1.57E-05 -2.6E+01 2.6E+03 -5.0E-01 0.587888972
A(2,4) = 1.60E-04 5.3E+01 -5.3E+03 1.1E-02 0.822973832

A(2,5) = -1.30466E-08 -2.6E+01 2.6E+03 4.9E-01 -0.410862804
A(3,1) = -1.56E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -9.80136E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -7.215E-06
A(3,5) = -1.13834E-05 ΔHCO3 = 2.596679E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.87518E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 3.51E-08 7.455070743 74%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 7.70E-05 9%
A(4,5) = -2.17E-19 HCO3 8.60E-04 3%
CO3 6.33E-05 23%
H= 3.51E-08
H2CO3 7.70E-05
HCO3 = 8.60E-04
CO3= 6.33E-05
A(1,1) = 1.12E+01 1.12E+01 -5.09E-03 4.56E-04 0.00E+00 1.10E-07
A(1,2) = -5.09E-03 7.36E-02 0.00E+00 -3.00E-06 4.08E-05 -2.53E-09
A(1,3) = 4.56E-04 -9.130953669 0 1 2 -1.54667E-07
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 1.10E-07
A(2,1) = 7.36E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.04842765 6.2E+00 -2.5E-04 0.000246329
A(2,3)= -3.00E-06 -7.7E+01 1.2E+04 -5.4E-01 0.610359977
A(2,4) = 4.08E-05 1.5E+02 -2.3E+04 8.4E-02 0.777030828

A(2,5) = -2.5319E-09 -7.6E+01 1.2E+04 4.6E-01 -0.387390805
A(3,1) = -9.13E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.03685E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -3.75563E-05
A(3,5) = -1.54667E-07 ΔHCO3 = 7.536203E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -3.78057E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 2.47E-08 7.607285914 30%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 3.94E-05 49%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.35E-04 9%
CO3 2.55E-05 60%
H= 2.47E-08
H2CO3 3.94E-05
HCO3 = 9.35E-04
CO3= 2.55E-05
A(1,1) = 2.37E+01 2.37E+01 -1.49E-02 6.26E-04 0.00E+00 -8.45E-08
A(1,2) = -1.49E-02 2.73E-02 0.00E+00 -7.20E-07 2.64E-05 -6.23E-10
A(1,3) = 6.26E-04 -1.74E+01 0 1 2 -3.53883E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -8.45E-08
A(2,1) = 2.73E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.025165013 1.5E+01 -3.8E-04 0.000373799

A(2,3)= -7.20E-07 -2.5E+01 2.1E+04 -6.0E-01 0.627852256
A(2,4) = 2.64E-05 5.0E+01 -4.3E+04 2.0E-01 0.737795216
A(2,5) = -6.23262E-10 -2.5E+01 2.2E+04 4.0E-01 -0.365647472
A(3,1) = -1.74E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.11831E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.12061E-05
A(3,5) = -3.53883E-08 ΔHCO3 = 2.264197E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.14359E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.35E-08 7.869091086 45%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.82E-05 28%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.58E-04 2%
CO3 1.41E-05 45%
H= 1.35E-08
H2CO3 2.82E-05
HCO3 = 9.58E-04
CO3= 1.41E-05
A(1,1) = 3.39E+01 3.39E+01 -1.62E-02 4.79E-04 0.00E+00 4.25E-08
A(1,2) = -1.62E-02 1.47E-02 0.00E+00 -2.07E-07 1.41E-05 -1.48E-10
A(1,3) = 4.79E-04 -55.72454661 0 1 2 -1.5163E-07
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 4.25E-08
A(2,1) = 1.47E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.019146701 2.3E+01 -3.2E-04 0.000311109

A(2,3)= -2.07E-07 -2.0E+01 4.5E+04 -6.5E-01 0.668653283
A(2,4) = 1.41E-05 4.0E+01 -9.1E+04 3.2E-01 0.645357004
A(2,5) = -1.4827E-10 -1.9E+01 4.6E+04 3.3E-01 -0.314010287
A(3,1) = -5.57E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -2.49978E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -7.39325E-06
A(3,5) = -1.5163E-07 ΔHCO3 = 1.507743E-05

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -7.68418E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.10E-08 7.957892978 18%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.08E-05 26%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.73E-04 2%
CO3 6.37E-06 55%
H= 1.10E-08
H2CO3 2.08E-05
HCO3 = 9.73E-04
CO3= 6.37E-06
A(1,1) = 4.67E+01 4.67E+01 -2.47E-02 5.29E-04 0.00E+00 -1.33E-08
A(1,2) = -2.47E-02 6.55E-03 0.00E+00 -7.42E-08 1.13E-05 -2.20E-11
A(1,3) = 5.29E-04 -8.34E+01 0 1 2 -3.1037E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -1.33E-08
A(2,1) = 6.55E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.015752704 3.5E+01 -3.9E-04 0.000389002
A(2,3)= -7.42E-08 -1.0E+01 6.4E+04 -7.4E-01 0.745743069
A(2,4) = 1.13E-05 1.9E+01 -1.3E+05 5.0E-01 0.476081537

A(2,5) = -2.2044E-11 -9.0E+00 6.7E+04 2.3E-01 -0.221824606
A(3,1) = -8.34E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -9.76359E-10
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.25212E-06
A(3,5) = -3.1037E-08 ΔHCO3 = 2.61667E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.36455E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.00E-08 7.998190652 9%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.96E-05 6%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.75E-04 0%
CO3 5.01E-06 21%
H= 1.00E-08
H2CO3 1.96E-05
HCO3 = 9.75E-04
CO3= 5.01E-06
A(1,1) = 4.98E+01 4.98E+01 -2.55E-02 5.13E-04 0.00E+00 9.80E-10
A(1,2) = -2.55E-02 5.13E-03 0.00E+00 -5.28E-08 1.03E-05 -1.43E-12
A(1,3) = 5.13E-04 -1.00E+02 0 1 2 -7.8198E-09
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 9.80E-10
A(2,1) = 5.13E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.015261904 3.9E+01 -4.0E-04 0.000389862
A(2,3)= -5.28E-08 -9.1E+00 7.3E+04 -7.6E-01 0.768738822
A(2,4) = 1.03E-05 1.7E+01 -1.5E+05 5.6E-01 0.423469752
A(2,5) = -1.42502E-12 -7.5E+00 7.7E+04 2.0E-01 -0.192208574
A(3,1) = -1.00E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -3.75107E-11
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.06982E-07
A(3,5) = -7.8198E-09 ΔHCO3 = 2.255421E-07
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.1856E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.00E-08 7.999815984 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.95E-05 1%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 4.89E-06 2%
Pcb = 8 pH = 8.0E+00
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑥^2+𝑥𝑦−10
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦^2−57
𝐻^+ |+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
Efluentes básicos
T=
pKa,1 6.3 Ka,1 = 5.0119E-07
pKa,2 10.3 Ka,2= 5.0119E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M (esta condición es del río)
Ca = 2 c= 1.00E-02 M (esta condición es del contaminante)
〗 _3^∗ |/𝐶_𝑇 = |𝐻^+ |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1)

|𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
〗 _3^− |/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ ||+
= (|𝐻^+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂|𝐻^+
𝐾_(𝑎,1) 〗 _3^∗ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝐶_𝑇= |+ |𝐻^+
| 〖〖𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂
|^2〗) ^∗ 〗 _3||+
_2 𝐶𝑂 | 〗 _3^= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + |
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |
𝐵𝐶= 𝐶_𝐵− 𝐶_𝐴= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ |
1.00E-02 8 1.00E-08 1.95E-05 9.76E-04 4.89E-06 9.86E-04 1.10E-02 (BC1 + Ca)
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗

_3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | −
𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ ||
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/|
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
h(x,y,z,w) = | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2| 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗
^= 〗 _3 | + 𝐾_𝑤/|𝐻^+ | - |𝐻^+ | - BC2
i(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ | 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | - Ct
Variables
x, y, z, w
H, H2CO3, HCO3 CO3
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| =−𝐾_𝑤/|𝐻^+ |
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | ^2 - 1
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=−|𝐻^+ || 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=0 〖ℎ 〖𝑖
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3 = ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=
0 1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2
|/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 || 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^= |/|
_3 |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
Matrices
H= 1.00E-13
H2CO3 1.00E-12
HCO3 = 1.00E-06
CO3= 1.00E-04
A(1,1) = 1.00E+06 1.00E+06 -1.00E+05 1.00E-01 0.00E+00 4.01E-07
A(1,2) = -1.00E+05 1.00E+02 0.00E+00 -1.00E-05 1.00E-07 4.01E-11
A(1,3) = 1.00E-01 -1.00E+12 0 1 2 -0.089214587
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 8.99E-04
A(1,5) = 4.01E-07
A(2,1) = 1.00E+02
A(2,2) = 0 1.990079E-17 9.9E-08 -1.0E-12 1.990079E-12
A(2,3)= -1.00E-05 -1.0E-05 -9.9E-02 -2.0E-11 9.940595E-09
A(2,4) = 1.00E-07 9.9E-08 -9.9E+04 -9.9E-06 0.009920694
A(2,5) = 4.011872E-11 9.9E-06 9.9E+04 9.9E-06 0.990079296
A(3,1) = -1.00E+12
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 9.100676E-14
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 2.728091E-12
A(3,5) = -0.089214587 ΔHCO3 = 5.829896E-06

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 0.00089317
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.91E-13 12.71895127 91%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 3.73E-12 273%
A(4,5) = 8.99E-04 HCO3 6.83E-06 583%
CO3 9.93E-04 893%
H= 1.91E-13
H2CO3 3.73E-12
HCO3 = 6.83E-06
CO3= 9.93E-04
A(1,1) = 1.83E+06 1.83E+06 -9.39E+04 5.12E-02 0.00E+00 1.51E-07
A(1,2) = -9.39E+04 1.45E+02 0.00E+00 -4.07E-06 2.80E-08 2.23E-11
A(1,3) = 5.12E-02 -2.74096E+11 0 1 2 -0.043360926
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,5) = 1.51E-07
A(2,1) = 1.45E+02
A(2,2) = 0 7.746327E-17 8.9E-07 -3.6E-12 7.270856E-12
A(2,3)= -4.07E-06 -1.1E-05 -1.3E-01 -1.4E-10 4.010949E-09
A(2,4) = 2.80E-08 7.6E-08 -2.4E+05 -1.3E-04 0.007088107
A(2,5) = 2.234346E-11 1.1E-05 2.4E+05 1.3E-04 0.992911889
A(3,1) = -2.74E+11
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 1.581956E-13
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.564211E-12
A(3,5) = -0.043360926 ΔHCO3 = 1.613249E-07
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.61326E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 3.49E-13 12.45692284 83%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 5.29E-12 42%
A(4,5) = -2.17E-19 HCO3 6.99E-06 2%
CO3 9.93E-04 0%
H= 3.49E-13
H2CO3 5.29E-12
HCO3 = 6.99E-06
CO3= 9.93E-04
A(1,1) = 1.32E+06 1.32E+06 -8.72E+04 6.60E-02 0.00E+00 3.99E-08
A(1,2) = -8.72E+04 1.42E+02 0.00E+00 -7.09E-06 4.99E-08 5.19E-13
A(1,3) = 6.60E-02 -82006008665 0 1 2 -0.019643287
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 2.168404E-19
A(1,5) = 3.99E-08
A(2,1) = 1.42E+02
A(2,2) = 0 2.787516E-16 1.7E-06 -1.2E-11 2.429731E-11
A(2,3)= -7.09E-06 -1.1E-05 -1.1E-01 -3.7E-10 6.026199E-09
A(2,4) = 4.99E-08 8.6E-08 -1.4E+05 -2.4E-04 0.007474266
A(2,5) = 5.192336E-13 1.1E-05 1.4E+05 2.4E-04 0.992525728
A(3,1) = -8.20E+10
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 2.394776E-13
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 6.720787E-12
A(3,5) = -0.019643287 ΔHCO3 = 4.688276E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -4.68828E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 5.89E-13 12.23012078 69%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.20E-11 127%
A(4,5) = 2.17E-19 HCO3 1.17E-05 67%
CO3 9.88E-04 0%
H= 5.89E-13
H2CO3 1.20E-11
HCO3 = 1.17E-05
CO3= 9.88E-04
A(1,1) = 9.72E+05 9.72E+05 -4.76E+04 4.90E-02 0.00E+00 -7.11E-08
A(1,2) = -4.76E+04 8.46E+01 0.00E+00 -4.27E-06 5.04E-08 3.05E-13
A(1,3) = 4.90E-02 -2.89E+10 0 1 2 -0.007989068

A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -7.11E-08
A(2,1) = 8.46E+01
A(2,2) = 0 1.445293E-15 8.0E-06 -3.5E-11 6.885727E-11
A(2,3)= -4.27E-06 -2.1E-05 -2.4E-01 -1.4E-09 1.480699E-08
A(2,4) = 5.04E-08 2.7E-07 -2.3E+05 -6.8E-04 0.013029679
A(2,5) = 3.04555E-13 2.1E-05 2.3E+05 6.8E-04 0.986970306
A(3,1) = -2.89E+10
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 2.766708E-13
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.264674E-11
A(3,5) = -0.007989068 ΔHCO3 = 5.354507E-06

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -5.35452E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 8.65E-13 12.06280784 47%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.47E-11 105%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 1.70E-05 46%
CO3 9.83E-04 1%
H= 8.65E-13
H2CO3 2.47E-11
HCO3 = 1.70E-05
CO3= 9.83E-04
A(1,1) = 6.91E+05 6.91E+05 -2.42E+04 3.51E-02 0.00E+00 -9.66E-08
A(1,2) = -2.42E+04 5.77E+01 0.00E+00 -2.93E-06 5.08E-08 1.83E-13

A(1,3) = 3.51E-02 -13354132294 0 1 2 -0.002552561
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -9.66E-08
A(2,1) = 5.77E+01
A(2,2) = 0 6.11705E-15 2.5E-05 -7.5E-11 1.48276E-10
A(2,3)= -2.93E-06 -4.1E-05 -4.8E-01 -4.2E-09 3.303867E-08
A(2,4) = 5.08E-08 8.2E-07 -3.3E+05 -1.4E-03 0.019903025
A(2,5) = 1.82704E-13 4.0E-05 3.3E+05 1.4E-03 0.980096942
A(3,1) = -1.34E+10
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 1.908719E-13
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.468079E-11
A(3,5) = -0.002552561 ΔHCO3 = 3.631957E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -3.63197E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.06E-12 11.97624452 22%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 3.93E-11 60%

A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 2.07E-05 21%
CO3 9.79E-04 0%
H= 1.06E-12
H2CO3 3.93E-11
HCO3 = 2.07E-05
CO3= 9.79E-04
A(1,1) = 5.25E+05 5.25E+05 -1.41E+04 2.68E-02 0.00E+00 -5.37E-08

A(1,2) = -1.41E+04 4.74E+01 0.00E+00 -2.42E-06 5.11E-08 6.57E-14
A(1,3) = 2.68E-02 -8.96E+09 0 1 2 -0.000460622
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -5.37E-08
A(2,1) = 4.74E+01
A(2,2) = 0 1.562334E-14 4.5E-05 -1.1E-10 2.203447E-10
A(2,3)= -2.42E-06 -7.1E-05 -7.7E-01 -8.2E-09 5.558516E-08
A(2,4) = 5.11E-08 1.8E-06 -4.0E+05 -2.1E-03 0.02488811

A(2,5) = 6.565457E-14 6.9E-05 4.0E+05 2.1E-03 0.975111835
A(3,1) = -8.96E+09
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 5.128057E-14
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 7.534431E-12
A(3,5) = -0.000460622 ΔHCO3 = 9.560685E-07
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -9.56076E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.11E-12 11.955655 5%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 4.69E-11 19%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 2.16E-05 5%
CO3 9.78E-04 0%
H= 1.11E-12
H2CO3 4.69E-11
HCO3 = 2.16E-05
CO3= 9.78E-04
A(1,1) = 4.61E+05 4.61E+05 -1.09E+04 2.36E-02 0.00E+00 -9.67E-09
A(1,2) = -1.09E+04 4.52E+01 0.00E+00 -2.32E-06 5.12E-08 5.17E-15
A(1,3) = 2.36E-02 -8.15E+09 0 1 2 -2.12838E-05
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -9.67E-09
A(2,1) = 4.52E+01
A(2,2) = 0 2.221391E-14 5.2E-05 -1.2E-10 2.420934E-10
A(2,3)= -2.32E-06 -9.2E-05 -9.1E-01 -1.0E-08 6.714669E-08
A(2,4) = 5.12E-08 2.4E-06 -4.2E+05 -2.3E-03 0.026246276

A(2,5) = 5.170578E-15 8.9E-05 4.2E+05 2.3E-03 0.973753657
A(3,1) = -8.15E+09
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 2.604762E-15
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.100692E-12
A(3,5) = -2.12838E-05 ΔHCO3 = 4.757109E-08
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -4.75722E-08
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.11E-12 11.95463477 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 4.80E-11 2%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 2.17E-05 0%
CO3 9.78E-04 0%
H= 1.11E-12
H2CO3 4.80E-11
HCO3 = 2.17E-05
CO3= 9.78E-04
A(1,1) = 4.52E+05 4.52E+05 -1.05E+04 2.31E-02 0.00E+00 -2.24E-10
A(1,2) = -1.05E+04 4.51E+01 0.00E+00 -2.31E-06 5.12E-08 1.71E-17
A(1,3) = 2.31E-02 -8.11E+09 0 1 2 -4.98288E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -2.24E-10
A(2,1) = 4.51E+01
A(2,2) = 0 2.32721E-14 5.2E-05 -1.2E-10 2.432251E-10

A(2,3)= -2.31E-06 -9.6E-05 -9.3E-01 -1.1E-08 6.877097E-08
A(2,4) = 5.12E-08 2.5E-06 -4.2E+05 -2.3E-03 0.026314534
A(2,5) = 1.706927E-17 9.3E-05 4.2E+05 2.3E-03 0.973685397
A(3,1) = -8.11E+09
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 6.12707E-18
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 2.19829E-14
A(3,5) = -4.98288E-08 ΔHCO3 = 1.097896E-10
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.09812E-10
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.11E-12 11.95463238 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 4.80E-11 0%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 2.17E-05 0%
CO3 9.78E-04 0%
Pcb = 2 pH = 1.2E+01
pCB pH =7 pH =7
Chart Title
2.00 11.955 1.2E+01
1.3E+01
3.00 9.575 1.0E+01 1.2E+01

4.00 9.183 7.44059241 pH =7 pH=8
1.1E+01
5.00 8.188 7.03192905
6.00 8.017 7.00312333 1.0E+01
7.00 8.002 7.00031167 9.0E+00

8.00 8.000 7.00003116
8.0E+00
pCB pH =7 pH=8 7.0E+00

2.00 1.2E+01 11.955 6.0E+00
3.00 1.0E+01 9.575
1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00
4.00 7.44059241 9.183
5.00 7.03192905 8.188
6.00 7.00312333 8.017
7.00 7.00031167 8.002
8.00 7.00003116 8.000
14 Condición inicial pH 7
pH 7 pH
12 Acid
pC Acido Base
o
2.00 2.037824644 1.2E+01 10 Base
3.00 3.772600239 1.0E+01
8
4.00 6.740858337 7.4E+00
5.00 6.969549846 7.0E+00 6
6.00 6.996891434 7.0E+00
4
7.00 6.999688482 7.0E+00
8.00 6.999968842 7.0E+00

2
0
2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00
pC
pH
pH 8
Condición inicial pH 7
pC Acido Base 14
2.00 2.045099673 1.2E+01 Acido
12
3.00 4.522700346 9.6E+00
Base
10
6
pH
Condición inicial pH 7
14
Acido
12
Base
10
4.00 7.188641659 9.2E+00
5.00 7.84435625 8.2E+00 8

6.00 7.982893935 8.0E+00
6
7.00 7.99826371 8.0E+00
4
8.00 7.999815984 8.0E+00
0
2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00
pC
Ca = 2.00 0.00 c= 1.00E-02 M pH = 11.97624452
Cb pH
2.00 11.97624452
0.00 0
0.00 0
0.00 0
0.00 0
0.00 0
Chart Title
9
Cb pH =7 pH =8
7
2 2.038304129 2.043665453
3 3.591602496 3.205110251 6
4.00 6.740763232 5.27207545
5
5.00 6.969570621 7.848171794
6.00 6.996893712 7.983531402

4
7.00 6.999688712 7.998350982
3
2
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Column B Column C
CO3= 0.0001 0 0 0 0
Mf = 0.00089317
Uf = 0
Tf = 1.910068E-13
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! -0.00089317 0 #REF!
A(1,2) = -0.00089317 #REF! -1 #REF! #REF!
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF!
A(1,4) = #REF!
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF!

ϐ(T) = #REF!
δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!
γUf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,3) = #REF!
A(3,4) = #REF!
CO3= 0.0001 0 0 0 0

Mf = #REF!
Uf = #REF!
Tf = #REF!
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! #REF! 0 #REF!
A(1,2) = #REF! #REF! -1 #REF! #REF!
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF!
A(1,4) = #REF!
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF!
ϐ(T) = #REF!
δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!
γUf = #REF! #REF!

A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,3) = #REF!
A(3,4) = #REF!
CO3= 0.0001 0 0 0 0

Mf = #REF!
Uf = #REF!
Tf = #REF!
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! #REF! 0 #REF!

A(1,2) = #REF! #REF! -1 #REF! #REF!
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF!
A(1,4) = #REF!
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF!
ϐ(T) = #REF!

δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!
γUf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,3) = #REF!
A(3,4) = #REF!
CO3= 0.0001 0 0 0 0
#REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! 𝑓(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑥^2+𝑥𝑦

#REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! 𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦

Mf = #REF!
Uf = #REF! X=
Tf = #REF! Y=
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! #REF! 0 #REF! A(1,1) =
A(1,2) = #REF! #REF! -1 #REF! #REF! A(1,2) =
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF! A(1,3) =
A(1,4) = #REF! A(2,1) =
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF! A(2,3)=
ϐ(T) = #REF!

δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!
δTf = #REF! Mf = #REF! #REF! X=

A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF! Y=
A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF! A(1,1) =
A(3,3) = #REF! A(1,2) =
A(3,4) = #REF! A(1,3) =
A(2,1) =
CO3= 0.0001 0 0 0 0 A(2,2) =
#REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! A(2,3)=
Mf = #REF!
Uf = #REF!
Tf = #REF! X=
A(1,1) = #REF! #REF! #REF! 0 #REF! Y=
A(1,2) = #REF! #REF! -1 #REF! #REF! A(1,1) =
A(1,3) = 0 #REF! 0 #REF! #REF! A(1,2) =
A(1,4) = #REF! A(1,3) =
A(2,2) = -1 #REF! #REF! #REF! A(2,2) =
A(2,3)= #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! A(2,3)=
ϐ(T) = #REF!

δ(T) = #REF! #REF!
ϐMf #REF! #REF!
γUf = #REF! #REF!
A(3,1) = #REF! Uf = #REF! #REF! X=

A(3,2) = 0 Tf = #REF! #REF! Y=
A(3,3) = #REF! A(1,1) =
A(3,4) = #REF! A(1,2) =
A(1,3) =
A(2,1) =
A(2,2) =
A(2,3)=
X=
Y=
A(1,1) =
A(1,2) =
A(1,3) =
A(2,1) =
A(2,2) =
A(2,3)=
T=
0 0 Ka,1 = 1
0 10.22 Ka,2= 6.025596E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M
Cb = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M
〗 _3^∗
𝐻^+ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂𝐾_(𝑎,2)+
) |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
〗 _3^− |/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ ||+
= (|𝐻^+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂|𝐻^+
𝐾_(𝑎,1) 〗 _3^∗ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝐶_𝑇= |+ |𝐻^+
| 〖〖𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂
|^2〗) ^∗ 〗 _3||+
_2 𝐶𝑂 | 〗 _3^= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + |
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |
𝐵𝐶= 𝐶_𝐵− 𝐶_𝐴= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ |
1.00E-03 8 1.00E-08 1.95E-05 9.76E-04 4.89E-06 9.86E-04 1.99E-03
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ ||
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗
^∗ 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻
𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
h(x,y,z,w) = | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ | - BC2
i(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ | 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | -Ct
Variables
x, y, z, w
H, H2CO3, HCO3 CO3
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| -1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=−|𝐻^+ || 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=0 〖ℎ 〖𝑖
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3 = ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=
0 1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2
|/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 || 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^= |/|
_3 |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
Matrices
H= 1.00E-09
H2CO3 1.00E-09
HCO3 = 1.00E-05
CO3= 1.00E-04
A(1,1) = 1.00E+04 1.00E+04 -1.00E+04 1.00E+00 0.00E+00 -9.50E-06
A(1,2) = -1.00E+04 1.00E+01 0.00E+00 -1.00E-03 1.00E-04 -9.95E-09
A(1,3) = 1.00E+00 -1.00E+04 0 1 2 0.001766414
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 8.90E-04
A(1,5) = -9.50E-06
A(2,1) = 1.00E+01
A(2,2) = 0 9.997477E-09 4.8E-02 -5.2E-05 9.997477E-05
A(2,3)= -1.00E-03 -1.0E-04 -4.8E-06 -1.0E-04 0.00019995
A(2,4) = 1.00E-04 1.0E-04 -4.8E+02 -4.8E-01 0.999752443
A(2,5) = -9.94988E-09 4.8E-09 4.8E+02 4.8E-01 4.760703E-05
A(3,1) = -1.00E+04
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -4.00038E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 2.308204E-09
A(3,5) = 0.001766414 ΔHCO3 = 5.358704E-05

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 0.00083641
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H -3.00E-09 Err:502 400%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 3.31E-09 231%
A(4,5) = 8.90E-04 HCO3 6.36E-05 536%
CO3 9.36E-04 836%
H= -3.00E-09
H2CO3 3.31E-09
HCO3 = 6.36E-05
CO3= 9.36E-04
A(1,1) = 1.92E+04 1.92E+04 1.74E+04 -9.07E-01 0.00E+00 5.82E-05
A(1,2) = 1.74E+04 1.47E+01 0.00E+00 6.95E-04 -4.72E-05 4.42E-08
A(1,3) = -9.07E-01 -1111.829112 0 1 2 5.333672E-05
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 5.82E-05
A(2,1) = 1.47E+01
A(2,2) = 0 5.928163E-09 7.2E-02 5.3E-05 -0.000103343
A(2,3)= 6.95E-04 5.7E-05 -8.3E-02 -1.1E-04 0.000223953
A(2,4) = -4.72E-05 -1.2E-04 -8.0E+01 -1.1E+00 2.114451681
A(2,5) = 4.4235E-08 6.4E-05 8.0E+01 1.1E+00 -1.114675633
A(3,1) = -1.11E+03
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 6.028514E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -6.43302E-09
A(3,5) = 5.333672E-05 ΔHCO3 = -6.00265E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 6.003296E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 3.03E-09 8.518824972 201%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 -3.12E-09 194%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 3.56E-06 94%
CO3 9.96E-04 6%
H= 3.03E-09
H2CO3 -3.12E-09
HCO3 = 3.56E-06
CO3= 9.96E-04
A(1,1) = -1.14E+03 -1.14E+03 -1.10E+03 -9.69E-01 0.00E+00 3.95E-06
A(1,2) = -1.10E+03 2.80E+02 0.00E+00 -2.38E-01 8.50E-04 -8.47E-07
A(1,3) = -9.69E-01 -1091.560954 0 1 2 -1.33319E-05
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 3.95E-06
A(2,1) = 2.80E+02
A(2,2) = 0 8.003663E-07 1.8E-03 -4.4E-04 0.000883746
A(2,3)= -2.38E-01 -9.1E-04 -1.4E-04 9.1E-04 -0.001823807
A(2,4) = 8.50E-04 9.4E-04 -2.0E+00 -5.2E-01 1.038984717
A(2,5) = -8.47402E-07 -3.4E-05 2.0E+00 5.2E-01 -0.037160909
A(3,1) = -1.09E+03
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 4.337031E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.56273E-08
A(3,5) = -1.33319E-05 ΔHCO3 = 8.629045E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -8.61342E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 7.37E-09 8.132817538 143%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 -1.88E-08 500%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 1.22E-05 242%
CO3 9.88E-04 1%
H= 7.37E-09
H2CO3 -1.88E-08
HCO3 = 1.22E-05
CO3= 9.88E-04
A(1,1) = -6.50E+02 -6.50E+02 -2.55E+02 -3.93E-01 0.00E+00 5.29E-06
A(1,2) = -2.55E+02 8.10E+01 0.00E+00 -4.90E-02 6.04E-04 -5.97E-07
A(1,3) = -3.93E-01 -1.85E+02 0 1 2 -2.78518E-06

A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 5.29E-06
A(2,1) = 8.10E+01
A(2,2) = 0 4.30133E-06 1.1E-02 -5.5E-04 0.001098173
A(2,3)= -4.90E-02 -3.9E-03 -2.5E-02 2.8E-03 -0.005576805
A(2,4) = 6.04E-04 7.1E-03 -2.0E+00 -9.0E-01 1.807610921
A(2,5) = -5.96815E-07 -3.1E-03 2.0E+00 9.0E-01 -0.802034116
A(3,1) = -1.85E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -5.06966E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.35795E-08
A(3,5) = -2.78518E-06 ΔHCO3 = 3.751978E-06

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -3.7384E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 2.30E-09 8.639120942 69%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 -3.23E-08 72%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 1.59E-05 31%
CO3 9.84E-04 0%
H= 2.30E-09
H2CO3 -3.23E-08
HCO3 = 1.59E-05
CO3= 9.84E-04
A(1,1) = -4.93E+02 -4.93E+02 -3.50E+01 -7.10E-02 0.00E+00 1.63E-06
A(1,2) = -3.50E+01 6.17E+01 0.00E+00 -8.89E-03 1.44E-04 -1.42E-07

A(1,3) = -7.10E-02 -1898.762604 0 1 2 -2.06402E-06
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 1.63E-06
A(2,1) = 6.17E+01
A(2,2) = 0 6.531795E-06 1.3E-02 -1.2E-04 0.000228657
A(2,3)= -8.89E-03 -2.9E-02 -1.3E-01 3.2E-03 -0.006422365
A(2,4) = 1.44E-04 4.5E-02 -2.4E+01 -7.9E-01 1.578678428
A(2,5) = -1.41655E-07 -1.6E-02 2.4E+01 7.8E-01 -0.572256063
A(3,1) = -1.90E+03
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.55143E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -3.51E-08
A(3,5) = -2.06402E-06 ΔHCO3 = 5.080013E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -5.04491E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 7.44E-10 9.128380987 68%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 -6.74E-08 109%

A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 2.10E-05 32%
CO3 9.79E-04 1%
H= 7.44E-10
H2CO3 -6.74E-08
HCO3 = 2.10E-05
CO3= 9.79E-04
A(1,1) = -3.12E+02 -3.12E+02 -3.44E+00 -1.10E-02 0.00E+00 7.33E-07

A(1,2) = -3.44E+00 4.66E+01 0.00E+00 -1.65E-03 3.54E-05 -3.46E-08
A(1,3) = -1.10E-02 -1.81E+04 0 1 2 -6.13886E-06
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 7.33E-07
A(2,1) = 4.66E+01
A(2,2) = 0 1.268195E-05 1.3E-02 -2.2E-05 4.362566E-05
A(2,3)= -1.65E-03 -2.9E-01 -4.3E-01 4.0E-03 -0.007891947
A(2,4) = 3.54E-05 3.6E-01 -2.3E+02 -6.1E-01 1.22778062

A(2,5) = -3.46042E-08 -6.4E-02 2.3E+02 6.1E-01 -0.219888673
A(3,1) = -1.81E+04
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -3.0549E-10
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -2.24273E-07
A(3,5) = -6.13886E-06 ΔHCO3 = 1.210541E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.18811E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 4.39E-10 9.357942038 41%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 -2.92E-07 333%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 3.31E-05 58%
CO3 9.67E-04 1%
H= 4.39E-10
H2CO3 -2.92E-07
HCO3 = 3.31E-05
CO3= 9.67E-04
A(1,1) = -1.14E+02 -1.14E+02 -1.71E-01 -1.50E-03 0.00E+00 5.51E-07
A(1,2) = -1.71E-01 2.92E+01 0.00E+00 -3.87E-04 1.32E-05 -1.28E-08
A(1,3) = -1.50E-03 -5.20E+04 0 1 2 -3.84324E-06
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 5.51E-07
A(2,1) = 2.92E+01
A(2,2) = 0 9.410652E-05 2.0E-02 -8.2E-06 1.606844E-05
A(2,3)= -3.87E-04 -6.0E+00 -4.2E+00 1.1E-02 -0.02131804
A(2,4) = 1.32E-05 7.1E+00 -1.0E+03 -6.0E-01 1.207290692

A(2,5) = -1.27548E-08 -1.1E+00 1.0E+03 5.9E-01 -0.185972651
A(3,1) = -5.20E+04
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.72813E-10
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -3.28279E-06
A(3,5) = -3.84324E-06 ΔHCO3 = 1.93928E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.611E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 2.66E-10 9.575484084 39%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 -3.57E-06 1125%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 5.25E-05 59%
CO3 9.51E-04 2%
H= 2.66E-10
H2CO3 -3.57E-06
HCO3 = 5.25E-05
CO3= 9.51E-04
A(1,1) = -1.47E+01 -1.47E+01 -1.09E-03 -7.44E-05 0.00E+00 5.05E-07
A(1,2) = -1.09E-03 1.81E+01 0.00E+00 -9.16E-05 5.06E-06 -4.76E-09
A(1,3) = -7.44E-05 -1.42E+05 0 1 2 -5.84146E-06
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 5.05E-07
A(2,1) = 1.81E+01
A(2,2) = 0 0.006444332 3.2E-02 -3.6E-06 7.04024E-06

A(2,3)= -9.16E-05 -1.1E+03 -1.4E+02 9.5E-02 -0.188650664
A(2,4) = 5.06E-06 1.3E+03 -4.3E+03 -6.8E-01 1.380614481
A(2,5) = -4.76269E-09 -1.8E+02 4.4E+03 5.8E-01 -0.191963817
A(3,1) = -1.42E+05
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 3.122221E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -0.000549434
A(3,5) = -5.84146E-06 ΔHCO3 = 0.000662697
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -0.000113263
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 3.39E-09 8.470056917 1175%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 -5.53E-04 15371%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 7.15E-04 1262%
CO3 8.38E-04 12%
Pcb = 3 pH = 9.6E+00
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦^2−57 𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦

T=
0 0 Ka,1 = 1
0 10.22 Ka,2= 6.025596E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M
Cb = 4 c= 1.00E-04 M
〗 _3^∗
𝐻^+ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂𝐾_(𝑎,2)+
) |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
〗 _3^− |/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ ||+
= (|𝐻^+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂|𝐻^+
𝐾_(𝑎,1) 〗 _3^∗ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝐶_𝑇= |+ |𝐻^+
| 〖〖𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂
|^2〗) ^∗ 〗 _3||+
_2 𝐶𝑂 | 〗 _3^= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + |
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |
𝐵𝐶= 𝐶_𝐵− 𝐶_𝐴= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ |
1.00E-04 8 1.00E-08 1.95E-05 9.76E-04 4.89E-06 9.86E-04 1.09E-03
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ ||
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗
^∗ 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻
𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
h(x,y,z,w) = | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ | - BC2
i(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ | 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | -Ct
Variables
x, y, z, w
H, H2CO3, HCO3 CO3
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| -1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=−|𝐻^+ || 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=0 〖ℎ 〖𝑖
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3 = ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=
0 1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2
|/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 || 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^= |/|
_3 |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
Matrices
H= 1.00E-09 1.00E-08
H2CO3 1.00E-06 1E-05
HCO3 = 1.00E-06 0.0001
CO3= 1.00E-06 1E-06
A(1,1) = 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 -1.00E-03 1.00E-03 0.00E+00 5.00E-07
A(1,2) = -1.00E-03 1.00E+00 0.00E+00 -1.00E-03 1.00E-03 -9.50E-10
A(1,3) = 1.00E-03 -1.00E+04 0 1 2 0.001073414
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 9.97E-04
A(1,5) = 5.00E-07
A(2,1) = 1.00E+00
A(2,2) = 0 0.083326389 8.3E-02 -8.3E-05 8.332639E-05
A(2,3)= -1.00E-03 -5.8E+02 -2.5E+02 -8.3E-02 0.416659723
A(2,4) = 1.00E-03 3.3E+02 -3.3E+02 -6.5E-18 0.333333333
A(2,5) = -9.49881E-10 2.5E+02 5.8E+02 8.3E-02 0.250006944
A(3,1) = -1.00E+04
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 3.523233E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 3.442414E-05
A(3,5) = 0.001073414 ΔHCO3 = 0.000499379

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 0.000463197
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 3.62E-08 7.44090373 3523%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 3.54E-05 3442%
A(4,5) = 9.97E-04 HCO3 5.00E-04 49938%
CO3 4.64E-04 46320%
H= 3.62E-08
H2CO3 3.54E-05
HCO3 = 5.00E-04
CO3= 4.64E-04
A(1,1) = 1.41E+01 1.41E+01 -1.44E-02 1.02E-03 0.00E+00 -1.06E-08
A(1,2) = -1.44E-02 9.28E-01 0.00E+00 -6.72E-05 7.24E-05 -3.36E-08
A(1,3) = 1.02E-03 -8.617412236 0 1 2 -0.000342599
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -1.06E-08
A(2,1) = 9.28E-01
A(2,2) = 0 0.011335891 9.0E-01 -1.1E-04 0.000163777
A(2,3)= -6.72E-05 -5.1E+01 7.7E+02 -1.6E-01 0.264204459
A(2,4) = 7.24E-05 1.0E+02 -1.6E+03 -6.8E-01 1.470179748
A(2,5) = -3.35623E-08 -5.1E+01 7.8E+02 8.4E-01 -0.734384208
A(3,1) = -8.62E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 8.801539E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 2.942236E-05
A(3,5) = -0.000342599 ΔHCO3 = 0.000283679
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -0.000313101
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 4.50E-08 7.346460735 24%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 6.48E-05 83%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 7.84E-04 57%
CO3 1.51E-04 67%
H= 4.50E-08
H2CO3 6.48E-05
HCO3 = 7.84E-04
CO3= 1.51E-04
A(1,1) = 1.21E+01 1.21E+01 -8.40E-03 6.94E-04 0.00E+00 -4.33E-08
A(1,2) = -8.40E-03 1.93E-01 0.00E+00 -1.11E-05 5.74E-05 -8.63E-09
A(1,3) = 6.94E-04 -5.930846355 0 1 2 -1.31034E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -4.33E-08
A(2,1) = 1.93E-01
A(2,2) = 0 0.027905229 3.4E+00 -2.2E-04 0.000234315
A(2,3)= -1.11E-05 -6.8E+01 4.2E+03 -3.4E-01 0.431348707
A(2,4) = 5.74E-05 1.4E+02 -8.5E+03 -3.2E-01 1.135912901
A(2,5) = -8.62836E-09 -6.8E+01 4.3E+03 6.6E-01 -0.567261608
A(3,1) = -5.93E+00
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -3.08157E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -3.36346E-05
A(3,5) = -1.31034E-08 ΔHCO3 = 6.746504E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -3.38305E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.42E-08 7.847156112 68%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 3.12E-05 52%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 8.52E-04 9%
CO3 1.17E-04 22%
H= 1.42E-08
H2CO3 3.12E-05
HCO3 = 8.52E-04
CO3= 1.17E-04
A(1,1) = 2.73E+01 2.73E+01 -1.24E-02 4.56E-04 0.00E+00 1.13E-07
A(1,2) = -1.24E-02 1.38E-01 0.00E+00 -2.30E-06 1.67E-05 -1.91E-09
A(1,3) = 4.56E-04 -5.05E+01 0 1 2 -3.29323E-07

A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 1.13E-07
A(2,1) = 1.38E-01
A(2,2) = 0 0.008762972 5.5E+00 -1.0E-04 0.000108906
A(2,3)= -2.30E-06 -5.7E+01 1.1E+04 -2.4E-01 0.29085603
A(2,4) = 1.67E-05 1.1E+02 -2.3E+04 -5.2E-01 1.412791835
A(2,5) = -1.9079E-09 -5.7E+01 1.1E+04 7.6E-01 -0.703647865
A(3,1) = -5.05E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -9.44622E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -2.77855E-05
A(3,5) = -3.29323E-07 ΔHCO3 = 5.637709E-05

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -2.85916E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 4.77E-09 8.321303686 66%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 3.43E-06 89%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.08E-04 7%
CO3 8.87E-05 24%
H= 4.77E-09
H2CO3 3.43E-06
HCO3 = 9.08E-04
CO3= 8.87E-05
A(1,1) = 2.65E+02 2.65E+02 -3.69E-01 1.39E-03 0.00E+00 -7.63E-07
A(1,2) = -3.69E-01 9.77E-02 0.00E+00 -5.13E-07 5.26E-06 -4.16E-10

A(1,3) = 1.39E-03 -440.1444237 0 1 2 -9.2498E-07
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -7.63E-07
A(2,1) = 9.77E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.000161428 9.6E+00 -5.5E-05 5.957151E-05
A(2,3)= -5.13E-07 -2.6E+00 6.8E+03 -4.3E-02 0.049846661
A(2,4) = 5.26E-06 5.1E+00 -1.8E+04 -8.9E-01 1.874086609
A(2,5) = -4.15954E-10 -2.5E+00 1.1E+04 9.3E-01 -0.92393327
A(3,1) = -4.40E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -4.04618E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -8.20593E-07
A(3,5) = -9.2498E-07 ΔHCO3 = 4.347069E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -3.52648E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 7.26E-10 9.139198998 85%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.61E-06 24%

A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.12E-04 0%
CO3 8.51E-05 4%
H= 7.26E-10
H2CO3 2.61E-06
HCO3 = 9.12E-04
CO3= 8.51E-05
A(1,1) = 3.50E+02 3.50E+02 -9.75E-02 2.79E-04 0.00E+00 2.47E-07

A(1,2) = -9.75E-02 9.33E-02 0.00E+00 -7.43E-08 7.96E-07 -1.76E-11
A(1,3) = 2.79E-04 -1.90E+04 0 1 2 -9.90597E-06
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 2.47E-07
A(2,1) = 9.33E-02
A(2,2) = 0 8.506982E-05 8.8E+00 -7.7E-06 8.294841E-06
A(2,3)= -7.43E-08 -9.9E+00 3.1E+04 -3.0E-02 0.034845573
A(2,4) = 7.96E-07 1.8E+01 -2.3E+05 -7.9E-01 1.772827571

A(2,5) = -1.76235E-11 -8.3E+00 2.0E+05 8.2E-01 -0.807673144
A(3,1) = -1.90E+04
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -5.87983E-11
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -2.69846E-06
A(3,5) = -9.90597E-06 ΔHCO3 = 1.641921E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.37207E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 6.67E-10 9.17589046 8%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 -9.27E-08 104%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.29E-04 2%
CO3 7.14E-05 16%
H= 6.67E-10
H2CO3 -9.27E-08
HCO3 = 9.29E-04
CO3= 7.14E-05
A(1,1) = -1.00E+04 -1.00E+04 -7.21E+01 -7.20E-03 0.00E+00 7.19E-06
A(1,2) = -7.21E+01 7.69E-02 0.00E+00 -5.52E-08 7.18E-07 -1.18E-12
A(1,3) = -7.20E-03 -2.25E+04 0 1 2 -9.84054E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 7.19E-06
A(2,1) = 7.69E-02
A(2,2) = 0 1.219994E-07 1.1E+01 -8.2E-06 8.800072E-06
A(2,3)= -5.52E-08 -1.4E-02 -1.5E+03 1.2E-03 -0.001402743
A(2,4) = 7.18E-07 2.5E-02 -2.4E+05 -8.2E-01 1.804978077

A(2,5) = -1.18032E-12 -1.1E-02 2.4E+05 8.2E-01 -0.803575333
A(3,1) = -2.25E+04
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.08469E-11
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -9.81609E-08
A(3,5) = -9.84054E-08 ΔHCO3 = 5.385667E-07
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -4.40406E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 6.56E-10 9.183011348 2%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 -1.91E-07 106%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.29E-04 0%
CO3 7.10E-05 1%
H= 6.56E-10
H2CO3 -1.91E-07
HCO3 = 9.29E-04
CO3= 7.10E-05
A(1,1) = -4.87E+03 -4.87E+03 -1.67E+01 -3.44E-03 0.00E+00 3.70E-06
A(1,2) = -1.67E+01 7.64E-02 0.00E+00 -5.39E-08 7.06E-07 -5.83E-15
A(1,3) = -3.44E-03 -2.32E+04 0 1 2 -4.03088E-09
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 3.70E-06
A(2,1) = 7.64E-02
A(2,2) = 0 5.18443E-07 1.1E+01 -8.1E-06 8.680046E-06

A(2,3)= -5.39E-08 -6.0E-02 -3.1E+03 2.5E-03 -0.002894998
A(2,4) = 7.06E-07 1.1E-01 -2.4E+05 -8.2E-01 1.804156159
A(2,5) = -5.82509E-15 -4.8E-02 2.4E+05 8.1E-01 -0.801261161
A(3,1) = -2.32E+04
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 1.886797E-12
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -2.21393E-07
A(3,5) = -4.03088E-09 ΔHCO3 = 4.029881E-07
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.81595E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 6.58E-10 9.18176426 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 -4.12E-07 116%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.30E-04 0%
CO3 7.08E-05 0%
Pcb = 4 pH = 9.2E+00
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦^2−57 𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦

T=
0 0 Ka,1 = 1
0 10.22 Ka,2= 6.025596E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M
Cb = 5 c= 1.00E-05 M
〗 _3^∗
𝐻^+ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂𝐾_(𝑎,2)+
) |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
〗 _3^− |/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ ||+
= (|𝐻^+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂|𝐻^+
𝐾_(𝑎,1) 〗 _3^∗ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝐶_𝑇= |+ |𝐻^+
| 〖〖𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂
|^2〗) ^∗ 〗 _3||+
_2 𝐶𝑂 | 〗 _3^= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + |
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |
𝐵𝐶= 𝐶_𝐵− 𝐶_𝐴= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ |
1.00E-05 8 1.00E-08 1.95E-05 9.76E-04 4.89E-06 9.86E-04 9.96E-04
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ ||
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗
^∗ 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻
𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
h(x,y,z,w) = | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ | - BC2
i(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ | 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | -Ct
Variables
x, y, z, w
H, H2CO3, HCO3 CO3
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| -1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=−|𝐻^+ || 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=0 〖ℎ 〖𝑖
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3 = ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=
0 1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2
|/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 || 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^= |/|
_3 |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
Matrices
H= 1.00E-08
H2CO3 1.00E-05
HCO3 = 1.00E-04
CO3= 1.00E-06
A(1,1) = 1.00E+01 1.00E+01 -1.00E-02 1.00E-03 0.00E+00 4.01E-07
A(1,2) = -1.00E-02 1.00E-02 0.00E+00 -1.00E-06 1.00E-04 -4.99E-11
A(1,3) = 1.00E-03 -1.01E+02 0 1 2 0.000893423
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 8.89E-04
A(1,5) = 4.01E-07
A(2,1) = 1.00E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.081462491 9.6E+00 -8.9E-04 0.000814625
A(2,3)= -1.00E-06 -1.6E+01 7.9E+03 -8.1E-01 0.838664335
A(2,4) = 1.00E-04 2.4E+01 -1.7E+04 7.2E-01 0.240394215
A(2,5) = -4.98813E-11 -7.9E+00 8.9E+03 9.6E-02 -0.079058549
A(3,1) = -1.01E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -3.56176E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.09009E-05
A(3,5) = 0.000893423 ΔHCO3 = 0.000866372

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 1.172667E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H -2.56E-08 Err:502 356%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.09E-05 109%
A(4,5) = 8.89E-04 HCO3 9.66E-04 866%
CO3 1.27E-05 1173%
H= -2.56E-08
H2CO3 2.09E-05
HCO3 = 9.66E-04
CO3= 1.27E-05
A(1,1) = 4.62E+01 4.62E+01 5.67E-02 -1.23E-03 0.00E+00 1.69E-06
A(1,2) = 5.67E-02 1.32E-02 0.00E+00 3.49E-07 -2.65E-05 3.87E-10
A(1,3) = -1.23E-03 -16.23780705 0 1 2 4.952118E-06
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 1.69E-06
A(2,1) = 1.32E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.01352713 2.9E+01 7.7E-04 -0.000766583
A(2,3)= 3.49E-07 6.3E+00 -2.3E+04 -6.3E-01 0.64122779
A(2,4) = -2.65E-05 -1.3E+01 4.6E+04 2.4E-01 0.729992041
A(2,5) = 3.874908E-10 6.6E+00 -2.3E+04 3.9E-01 -0.371219831
A(3,1) = -1.62E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 3.801946E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.33707E-06
A(3,5) = 4.952118E-06 ΔHCO3 = -2.89533E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 4.232399E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.24E-08 7.906513967 148%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.96E-05 6%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.63E-04 0%
CO3 1.70E-05 33%
H= 1.24E-08
H2CO3 1.96E-05
HCO3 = 9.63E-04
CO3= 1.70E-05
A(1,1) = 4.92E+01 4.92E+01 -3.12E-02 6.34E-04 0.00E+00 -1.10E-07
A(1,2) = -3.12E-02 1.76E-02 0.00E+00 -2.27E-07 1.29E-05 -1.68E-10
A(1,3) = 6.34E-04 -66.01715076 0 1 2 -1.77602E-06
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -1.10E-07
A(2,1) = 1.76E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.010612536 2.6E+01 -3.3E-04 0.000331313
A(2,3)= -2.27E-07 -1.5E+01 3.9E+04 -5.2E-01 0.540847376
A(2,4) = 1.29E-05 2.9E+01 -8.0E+04 6.7E-02 0.896432885
A(2,5) = -1.68178E-10 -1.4E+01 4.1E+04 4.6E-01 -0.437280261
A(3,1) = -6.60E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -4.9243E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -4.05093E-06
A(3,5) = -1.77602E-06 ΔHCO3 = 1.020298E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -6.15204E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 7.48E-09 8.126241189 40%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.55E-05 21%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.74E-04 1%
CO3 1.08E-05 36%
H= 7.48E-09
H2CO3 1.55E-05
HCO3 = 9.74E-04
CO3= 1.08E-05
A(1,1) = 6.28E+01 6.28E+01 -3.03E-02 4.82E-04 0.00E+00 3.19E-08
A(1,2) = -3.03E-02 1.11E-02 0.00E+00 -8.52E-08 7.68E-06 -3.29E-11
A(1,3) = 4.82E-04 -1.80E+02 0 1 2 -2.10842E-07

A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 3.19E-08
A(2,1) = 1.11E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.008899017 3.5E+01 -2.7E-04 0.000269235
A(2,3)= -8.52E-08 -1.4E+01 7.1E+04 -5.6E-01 0.57143883
A(2,4) = 7.68E-06 2.7E+01 -1.5E+05 1.7E-01 0.808701157
A(2,5) = -3.28757E-11 -1.3E+01 7.7E+04 3.9E-01 -0.380139988
A(3,1) = -1.80E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -8.22965E-10
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -2.66938E-06
A(3,5) = -2.10842E-07 ΔHCO3 = 5.697612E-06

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -3.02823E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 6.65E-09 8.176879593 11%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.28E-05 17%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.79E-04 1%
CO3 7.78E-06 28%
H= 6.65E-09
H2CO3 1.28E-05
HCO3 = 9.79E-04
CO3= 7.78E-06
A(1,1) = 7.63E+01 7.63E+01 -3.95E-02 5.18E-04 0.00E+00 -6.26E-09
A(1,2) = -3.95E-02 7.94E-03 0.00E+00 -5.40E-08 6.79E-06 -2.74E-12

A(1,3) = 5.18E-04 -226.8183275 0 1 2 -1.82022E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -6.26E-09
A(2,1) = 7.94E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.007580561 4.5E+01 -3.0E-04 0.000299505
A(2,3)= -5.40E-08 -1.0E+01 8.4E+04 -5.8E-01 0.587968937
A(2,4) = 6.79E-06 1.9E+01 -1.8E+05 2.2E-01 0.756128867
A(2,5) = -2.73586E-12 -8.7E+00 9.4E+04 3.5E-01 -0.344097804
A(3,1) = -2.27E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.63761E-10
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.53003E-07
A(3,5) = -1.82022E-08 ΔHCO3 = 3.61353E-07
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -2.0835E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 6.49E-09 8.187700748 2%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.27E-05 1%

A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.80E-04 0%
CO3 7.57E-06 3%
H= 6.49E-09
H2CO3 1.27E-05
HCO3 = 9.80E-04
CO3= 7.57E-06
A(1,1) = 7.72E+01 7.72E+01 -3.95E-02 5.11E-04 0.00E+00 8.01E-11

A(1,2) = -3.95E-02 7.73E-03 0.00E+00 -5.12E-08 6.63E-06 -3.58E-14
A(1,3) = 5.11E-04 -2.38E+02 0 1 2 -9.32998E-10
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 2.168404E-19
A(1,5) = 8.01E-11
A(2,1) = 7.73E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.007507981 4.5E+01 -3.0E-04 0.000296466
A(2,3)= -5.12E-08 -1.0E+01 8.6E+04 -5.8E-01 0.589357662
A(2,4) = 6.63E-06 1.9E+01 -1.8E+05 2.3E-01 0.750620044

A(2,5) = -3.58342E-14 -8.6E+00 9.7E+04 3.5E-01 -0.339977707
A(3,1) = -2.38E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -7.40801E-13
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -3.37458E-09
A(3,5) = -9.32998E-10 ΔHCO3 = 7.858729E-09
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -4.48415E-09
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 6.49E-09 8.187750318 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.27E-05 0%
A(4,5) = 2.17E-19 HCO3 9.80E-04 0%
CO3 7.57E-06 0%
H= 6.49E-09
H2CO3 1.27E-05
HCO3 = 9.80E-04
CO3= 7.57E-06
A(1,1) = 7.72E+01 7.72E+01 -3.95E-02 5.12E-04 0.00E+00 -2.08E-14
A(1,2) = -3.95E-02 7.72E-03 0.00E+00 -5.12E-08 6.62E-06 -3.68E-18
A(1,3) = 5.12E-04 -2.38E+02 0 1 2 -2.00705E-14
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,5) = -2.08E-14
A(2,1) = 7.72E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.007506572 4.5E+01 -3.0E-04 0.000296536
A(2,3)= -5.12E-08 -1.0E+01 8.6E+04 -5.8E-01 0.589403397
A(2,4) = 6.62E-06 1.9E+01 -1.8E+05 2.3E-01 0.750495679

A(2,5) = -3.67797E-18 -8.6E+00 9.7E+04 3.5E-01 -0.339899077
A(3,1) = -2.38E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -3.16802E-16
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -8.82093E-14
A(3,5) = -2.00705E-14 ΔHCO3 = 2.720177E-13
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.83809E-13
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 6.49E-09 8.187750339 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.27E-05 0%
A(4,5) = -2.17E-19 HCO3 9.80E-04 0%
CO3 7.57E-06 0%
H= 6.49E-09
H2CO3 1.27E-05
HCO3 = 9.80E-04
CO3= 7.57E-06
A(1,1) = 7.72E+01 7.72E+01 -3.95E-02 5.12E-04 0.00E+00 2.12E-22
A(1,2) = -3.95E-02 7.72E-03 0.00E+00 -5.12E-08 6.62E-06 -6.46E-26
A(1,3) = 5.12E-04 -2.38E+02 0 1 2 0
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 2.168404E-19
A(1,5) = 2.12E-22
A(2,1) = 7.72E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.007506572 4.5E+01 -3.0E-04 0.000296536

A(2,3)= -5.12E-08 -1.0E+01 8.6E+04 -5.8E-01 0.589403398
A(2,4) = 6.62E-06 1.9E+01 -1.8E+05 2.3E-01 0.750495673
A(2,5) = -6.46235E-26 -8.6E+00 9.7E+04 3.5E-01 -0.339899071
A(3,1) = -2.38E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 6.2968E-23
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.200451E-19
A(3,5) = 0 ΔHCO3 = 1.785784E-19
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -8.17831E-20
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 6.49E-09 8.187750339 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.27E-05 0%
A(4,5) = 2.17E-19 HCO3 9.80E-04 0%
CO3 7.57E-06 0%
Pcb = 5 pH = 8.2E+00
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦^2−57 𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦

T=
0 0 Ka,1 = 1
0 10.22 Ka,2= 6.025596E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M
Cb = 6 c= 1.00E-06 M
〗 _3^∗
𝐻^+ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂𝐾_(𝑎,2)+
) |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
〗 _3^− |/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ ||+
= (|𝐻^+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂|𝐻^+
𝐾_(𝑎,1) 〗 _3^∗ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝐶_𝑇= |+ |𝐻^+
| 〖〖𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂
|^2〗) ^∗ 〗 _3||+
_2 𝐶𝑂 | 〗 _3^= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + |
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |
𝐵𝐶= 𝐶_𝐵− 𝐶_𝐴= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ |
1.00E-06 8 1.00E-08 1.95E-05 9.76E-04 4.89E-06 9.86E-04 9.87E-04
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ ||
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗
^∗ 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻
𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
h(x,y,z,w) = | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ | - BC2
i(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ | 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | -Ct
Variables
x, y, z, w
H, H2CO3, HCO3 CO3
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| -1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=−|𝐻^+ || 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=0 〖ℎ 〖𝑖
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3 = ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=
0 1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2
|/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 || 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^= |/|
_3 |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
Matrices
H= 1.00E-08
H2CO3 1.00E-05
HCO3 = 1.00E-04
CO3= 1.00E-06
A(1,1) = 1.00E+01 1.00E+01 -1.00E-02 1.00E-03 0.00E+00 4.01E-07
A(1,2) = -1.00E-02 1.00E-02 0.00E+00 -1.00E-06 1.00E-04 -4.99E-11
A(1,3) = 1.00E-03 -1.01E+02 0 1 2 0.000884423
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 8.89E-04
A(1,5) = 4.01E-07
A(2,1) = 1.00E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.081462491 9.6E+00 -8.9E-04 0.000814625
A(2,3)= -1.00E-06 -1.6E+01 7.9E+03 -8.1E-01 0.838664335
A(2,4) = 1.00E-04 2.4E+01 -1.7E+04 7.2E-01 0.240394215
A(2,5) = -4.98813E-11 -7.9E+00 8.9E+03 9.6E-02 -0.079058549
A(3,1) = -1.01E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -2.76391E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.823252E-05
A(3,5) = 0.000884423 ΔHCO3 = 0.000859903

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 1.086413E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H -1.76E-08 Err:502 276%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.82E-05 182%
A(4,5) = 8.89E-04 HCO3 9.60E-04 860%
CO3 1.19E-05 1086%
H= -1.76E-08
H2CO3 2.82E-05
HCO3 = 9.60E-04
CO3= 1.19E-05
A(1,1) = 3.40E+01 3.40E+01 2.12E-02 -6.25E-04 0.00E+00 1.10E-06
A(1,2) = 2.12E-02 1.24E-02 0.00E+00 2.27E-07 -1.84E-05 2.68E-10
A(1,3) = -6.25E-04 -33.14014261 0 1 2 4.330831E-06
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 1.10E-06
A(2,1) = 1.24E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.020812741 2.5E+01 4.5E-04 -0.000442113
A(2,3)= 2.27E-07 1.3E+01 -3.8E+04 -7.1E-01 0.724281085
A(2,4) = -1.84E-05 -2.7E+01 7.4E+04 4.0E-01 0.566089524
A(2,5) = 2.681328E-10 1.4E+01 -3.7E+04 3.1E-01 -0.290370609
A(3,1) = -3.31E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 3.152545E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.142345E-06
A(3,5) = 4.330831E-06 ΔHCO3 = -7.66028E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 6.517934E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.39E-08 7.857411534 179%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.94E-05 4%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.52E-04 1%
CO3 1.84E-05 55%
H= 1.39E-08
H2CO3 2.94E-05
HCO3 = 9.52E-04
CO3= 1.84E-05
A(1,1) = 3.24E+01 3.24E+01 -1.53E-02 4.73E-04 0.00E+00 5.10E-08
A(1,2) = -1.53E-02 1.93E-02 0.00E+00 -2.82E-07 1.46E-05 -2.18E-10
A(1,3) = 4.73E-04 -52.85887235 0 1 2 -2.30029E-06
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 5.10E-08
A(2,1) = 1.93E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.018527911 2.0E+01 -2.9E-04 0.00028393
A(2,3)= -2.82E-07 -2.5E+01 4.0E+04 -6.0E-01 0.623390376
A(2,4) = 1.46E-05 4.8E+01 -8.0E+04 2.2E-01 0.738211044
A(2,5) = -2.17943E-10 -2.4E+01 4.1E+04 3.8E-01 -0.36160142
A(3,1) = -5.29E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -2.73179E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -8.50864E-06
A(3,5) = -2.30029E-06 ΔHCO3 = 1.946196E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.09533E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.12E-08 7.952547131 20%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.09E-05 29%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.72E-04 2%
CO3 7.43E-06 60%
H= 1.12E-08
H2CO3 2.09E-05
HCO3 = 9.72E-04
CO3= 7.43E-06
A(1,1) = 4.66E+01 4.66E+01 -2.49E-02 5.35E-04 0.00E+00 -1.83E-08
A(1,2) = -2.49E-02 7.65E-03 0.00E+00 -8.78E-08 1.15E-05 -3.52E-11
A(1,3) = 5.35E-04 -8.14E+01 0 1 2 -3.46948E-08

A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -1.83E-08
A(2,1) = 7.65E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.015231759 3.4E+01 -3.8E-04 0.000379183
A(2,3)= -8.78E-08 -1.1E+01 6.1E+04 -7.1E-01 0.720651993
A(2,4) = 1.15E-05 2.1E+01 -1.2E+05 4.5E-01 0.527841838
A(2,5) = -3.51586E-11 -1.0E+01 6.4E+04 2.6E-01 -0.248493831
A(3,1) = -8.14E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.45782E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.90822E-06
A(3,5) = -3.46948E-08 ΔHCO3 = 3.96975E-06

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -2.06153E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.70E-09 8.013373572 13%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.90E-05 9%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 5.37E-06 28%
H= 9.70E-09
H2CO3 1.90E-05
HCO3 = 9.76E-04
CO3= 5.37E-06
A(1,1) = 5.15E+01 5.15E+01 -2.63E-02 5.11E-04 0.00E+00 2.14E-09
A(1,2) = -2.63E-02 5.50E-03 0.00E+00 -5.47E-08 9.94E-06 -3.22E-12

A(1,3) = 5.11E-04 -107.3523632 0 1 2 -1.76146E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 2.168404E-19
A(1,5) = 2.14E-09
A(2,1) = 5.50E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.014429673 3.9E+01 -3.9E-04 0.000379841
A(2,3)= -5.47E-08 -9.4E+00 7.4E+04 -7.4E-01 0.7514887
A(2,4) = 9.94E-06 1.7E+01 -1.5E+05 5.3E-01 0.456245729
A(2,5) = -3.22332E-12 -7.9E+00 7.8E+04 2.2E-01 -0.207734429
A(3,1) = -1.07E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -8.88749E-11
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -2.45131E-07
A(3,5) = -1.76146E-08 ΔHCO3 = 5.174178E-07
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -2.72287E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.61E-09 8.017372419 1%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.87E-05 1%

A(4,5) = 2.17E-19 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 5.09E-06 5%
H= 9.61E-09
H2CO3 1.87E-05
HCO3 = 9.76E-04
CO3= 5.09E-06
A(1,1) = 5.22E+01 5.22E+01 -2.68E-02 5.13E-04 0.00E+00 -2.56E-11

A(1,2) = -2.68E-02 5.22E-03 0.00E+00 -5.14E-08 9.84E-06 -2.65E-14
A(1,3) = 5.13E-04 -1.09E+02 0 1 2 -8.74334E-11
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,5) = -2.56E-11
A(2,1) = 5.22E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.014340796 4.0E+01 -3.9E-04 0.000384109
A(2,3)= -5.14E-08 -9.1E+00 7.5E+04 -7.5E-01 0.756639272
A(2,4) = 9.84E-06 1.7E+01 -1.5E+05 5.4E-01 0.444727166

A(2,5) = -2.64981E-14 -7.5E+00 8.0E+04 2.1E-01 -0.201366439
A(3,1) = -1.09E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.39607E-12
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.69299E-09
A(3,5) = -8.74334E-11 ΔHCO3 = 3.626049E-09
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.93306E-09
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.61E-09 8.017435529 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.87E-05 0%
A(4,5) = -2.17E-19 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 5.09E-06 0%
H= 9.61E-09
H2CO3 1.87E-05
HCO3 = 9.76E-04
CO3= 5.09E-06
A(1,1) = 5.22E+01 5.22E+01 -2.68E-02 5.13E-04 0.00E+00 2.59E-15
A(1,2) = -2.68E-02 5.22E-03 0.00E+00 -5.13E-08 9.84E-06 -2.86E-18
A(1,3) = 5.13E-04 -1.09E+02 0 1 2 -2.19781E-14
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 2.59E-15
A(2,1) = 5.22E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.014340169 4.0E+01 -3.9E-04 0.000384108
A(2,3)= -5.13E-08 -9.1E+00 7.5E+04 -7.5E-01 0.756674627
A(2,4) = 9.84E-06 1.7E+01 -1.5E+05 5.4E-01 0.444644547

A(2,5) = -2.86291E-18 -7.5E+00 8.0E+04 2.1E-01 -0.201319173
A(3,1) = -1.09E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -6.91505E-17
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -2.2225E-13
A(3,5) = -2.19781E-14 ΔHCO3 = 4.740395E-13
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -2.5179E-13
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.61E-09 8.017435532 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.87E-05 0%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 5.09E-06 0%
H= 9.61E-09
H2CO3 1.87E-05
HCO3 = 9.76E-04
CO3= 5.09E-06
A(1,1) = 5.22E+01 5.22E+01 -2.68E-02 5.13E-04 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A(1,2) = -2.68E-02 5.22E-03 0.00E+00 -5.13E-08 9.84E-06 -1.94E-26
A(1,3) = 5.13E-04 -1.09E+02 0 1 2 0
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 0.00E+00
A(2,1) = 5.22E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.014340169 4.0E+01 -3.9E-04 0.000384108

A(2,3)= -5.13E-08 -9.1E+00 7.5E+04 -7.5E-01 0.756674632
A(2,4) = 9.84E-06 1.7E+01 -1.5E+05 5.4E-01 0.444644536
A(2,5) = -1.9387E-26 -7.5E+00 8.0E+04 2.1E-01 -0.201319167
A(3,1) = -1.09E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -7.77618E-25
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.45713E-21
A(3,5) = 0 ΔHCO3 = 2.9993E-21
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.54217E-21
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.61E-09 8.017435532 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.87E-05 0%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 5.09E-06 0%
Pcb = 6 pH = 8.0E+00
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦^2−57 𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦

T=
0 0 Ka,1 = 1
0 10.22 Ka,2= 6.025596E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M
Cb = 7 c= 1.00E-07 M
〗 _3^∗
𝐻^+ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂𝐾_(𝑎,2)+
) |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
〗 _3^− |/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ ||+
= (|𝐻^+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂|𝐻^+
𝐾_(𝑎,1) 〗 _3^∗ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝐶_𝑇= |+ |𝐻^+
| 〖〖𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂
|^2〗) ^∗ 〗 _3||+
_2 𝐶𝑂 | 〗 _3^= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + |
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |
𝐵𝐶= 𝐶_𝐵− 𝐶_𝐴= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ |
1.00E-07 8 1.00E-08 1.95E-05 9.76E-04 4.89E-06 9.86E-04 9.87E-04
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ ||
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗
^∗ 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻
𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
h(x,y,z,w) = | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ | - BC2
i(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ | 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | -Ct
Variables
x, y, z, w
H, H2CO3, HCO3 CO3
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| -1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=−|𝐻^+ || 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=0 〖ℎ 〖𝑖
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3 = ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=
0 1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2
|/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 || 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^= |/|
_3 |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
Matrices
H= 1.00E-08
H2CO3 1.00E-05
HCO3 = 1.00E-04
CO3= 1.00E-06
A(1,1) = 1.00E+01 1.00E+01 -1.00E-02 1.00E-03 0.00E+00 4.01E-07
A(1,2) = -1.00E-02 1.00E-02 0.00E+00 -1.00E-06 1.00E-04 -4.99E-11
A(1,3) = 1.00E-03 -1.01E+02 0 1 2 0.000883523
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 8.89E-04
A(1,5) = 4.01E-07
A(2,1) = 1.00E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.081462491 9.6E+00 -8.9E-04 0.000814625
A(2,3)= -1.00E-06 -1.6E+01 7.9E+03 -8.1E-01 0.838664335
A(2,4) = 1.00E-04 2.4E+01 -1.7E+04 7.2E-01 0.240394215
A(2,5) = -4.98813E-11 -7.9E+00 8.9E+03 9.6E-02 -0.079058549
A(3,1) = -1.01E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -2.68412E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.896569E-05
A(3,5) = 0.000883523 ΔHCO3 = 0.000859256

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 1.077787E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H -1.68E-08 Err:502 268%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.90E-05 190%
A(4,5) = 8.89E-04 HCO3 9.59E-04 859%
CO3 1.18E-05 1078%
H= -1.68E-08
H2CO3 2.90E-05
HCO3 = 9.59E-04
CO3= 1.18E-05
A(1,1) = 3.31E+01 3.31E+01 1.93E-02 -5.81E-04 0.00E+00 1.06E-06
A(1,2) = 1.93E-02 1.23E-02 0.00E+00 2.16E-07 -1.76E-05 2.57E-10
A(1,3) = -5.81E-04 -36.25755527 0 1 2 4.277904E-06
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 2.168404E-19
A(1,5) = 1.06E-06
A(2,1) = 1.23E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.021578 2.4E+01 4.2E-04 -0.000415482
A(2,3)= 2.16E-07 1.4E+01 -4.0E+04 -7.1E-01 0.731281771
A(2,4) = -1.76E-05 -2.9E+01 7.9E+04 4.1E-01 0.552500818
A(2,5) = 2.568976E-10 1.5E+01 -3.9E+04 3.0E-01 -0.283782589
A(3,1) = -3.63E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 3.095003E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.508819E-06
A(3,5) = 4.277904E-06 ΔHCO3 = -8.41771E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 6.908895E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.41E-08 7.850510064 184%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 3.05E-05 5%
A(4,5) = 2.17E-19 HCO3 9.51E-04 1%
CO3 1.87E-05 59%
H= 1.41E-08
H2CO3 3.05E-05
HCO3 = 9.51E-04
CO3= 1.87E-05
A(1,1) = 3.12E+01 3.12E+01 -1.44E-02 4.63E-04 0.00E+00 6.10E-08
A(1,2) = -1.44E-02 1.97E-02 0.00E+00 -2.92E-07 1.48E-05 -2.27E-10
A(1,3) = 4.63E-04 -51.23658708 0 1 2 -2.39378E-06
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,5) = 6.10E-08
A(2,1) = 1.97E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.019402846 1.9E+01 -2.8E-04 0.000280278
A(2,3)= -2.92E-07 -2.6E+01 3.9E+04 -6.1E-01 0.628728855
A(2,4) = 1.48E-05 5.0E+01 -7.9E+04 2.3E-01 0.728181805
A(2,5) = -2.2716E-10 -2.5E+01 4.0E+04 3.8E-01 -0.35691066
A(3,1) = -5.12E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -2.53111E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -9.02876E-06
A(3,5) = -2.39378E-06 ΔHCO3 = 2.058098E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.15522E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.16E-08 7.936378387 18%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.14E-05 30%
A(4,5) = -2.17E-19 HCO3 9.71E-04 2%
CO3 7.13E-06 62%
H= 1.16E-08
H2CO3 2.14E-05
HCO3 = 9.71E-04
CO3= 7.13E-06
A(1,1) = 4.53E+01 4.53E+01 -2.45E-02 5.40E-04 0.00E+00 -2.32E-08
A(1,2) = -2.45E-02 7.34E-03 0.00E+00 -8.75E-08 1.19E-05 -3.49E-11
A(1,3) = 5.40E-04 -7.56E+01 0 1 2 -2.77985E-08

A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -2.32E-08
A(2,1) = 7.34E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.015954297 3.4E+01 -4.0E-04 0.000390143
A(2,3)= -8.75E-08 -1.1E+01 6.0E+04 -7.2E-01 0.733779
A(2,4) = 1.19E-05 2.1E+01 -1.2E+05 4.8E-01 0.502945986
A(2,5) = -3.4913E-11 -9.7E+00 6.2E+04 2.5E-01 -0.236724986
A(3,1) = -7.56E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.53587E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.81133E-06
A(3,5) = -2.77985E-08 ΔHCO3 = 3.766567E-06

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.95524E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.00E-08 7.998187958 13%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.96E-05 8%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.75E-04 0%
CO3 5.18E-06 27%
H= 1.00E-08
H2CO3 1.96E-05
HCO3 = 9.75E-04
CO3= 5.18E-06
A(1,1) = 4.97E+01 4.97E+01 -2.54E-02 5.11E-04 0.00E+00 2.44E-09
A(1,2) = -2.54E-02 5.31E-03 0.00E+00 -5.47E-08 1.03E-05 -3.21E-12

A(1,3) = 5.11E-04 -100.1689958 0 1 2 -1.75248E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 2.44E-09
A(2,1) = 5.31E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.015212632 3.9E+01 -3.9E-04 0.000386427
A(2,3)= -5.47E-08 -9.3E+00 7.3E+04 -7.6E-01 0.764281116
A(2,4) = 1.03E-05 1.7E+01 -1.5E+05 5.5E-01 0.432729733
A(2,5) = -3.21426E-12 -7.8E+00 7.6E+04 2.1E-01 -0.197010849
A(3,1) = -1.00E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -8.01874E-11
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -2.42517E-07
A(3,5) = -1.75248E-08 ΔHCO3 = 5.10592E-07
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -2.68075E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.96E-09 8.001669873 1%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.94E-05 1%

A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 4.91E-06 5%
H= 9.96E-09
H2CO3 1.94E-05
HCO3 = 9.76E-04
CO3= 4.91E-06
A(1,1) = 5.03E+01 5.03E+01 -2.58E-02 5.14E-04 0.00E+00 -2.84E-11

A(1,2) = -2.58E-02 5.03E-03 0.00E+00 -5.14E-08 1.02E-05 -2.37E-14
A(1,3) = 5.14E-04 -1.02E+02 0 1 2 -6.40115E-11
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -2.84E-11
A(2,1) = 5.03E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.01512836 3.9E+01 -4.0E-04 0.000391017
A(2,3)= -5.14E-08 -8.9E+00 7.4E+04 -7.6E-01 0.769547688
A(2,4) = 1.02E-05 1.6E+01 -1.5E+05 5.6E-01 0.421110021

A(2,5) = -2.37137E-14 -7.4E+00 7.8E+04 2.0E-01 -0.190657709
A(3,1) = -1.02E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.33896E-12
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.44667E-09
A(3,5) = -6.40115E-11 ΔHCO3 = 3.093618E-09
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.64695E-09
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.96E-09 8.001728251 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.94E-05 0%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 4.91E-06 0%
H= 9.96E-09
H2CO3 1.94E-05
HCO3 = 9.76E-04
CO3= 4.91E-06
A(1,1) = 5.03E+01 5.03E+01 -2.58E-02 5.14E-04 0.00E+00 2.33E-15
A(1,2) = -2.58E-02 5.03E-03 0.00E+00 -5.14E-08 1.02E-05 -2.34E-18
A(1,3) = 5.14E-04 -1.02E+02 0 1 2 -1.81385E-14
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 2.33E-15
A(2,1) = 5.03E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.015127839 3.9E+01 -4.0E-04 0.000391011
A(2,3)= -5.14E-08 -8.9E+00 7.4E+04 -7.6E-01 0.76957859
A(2,4) = 1.02E-05 1.6E+01 -1.5E+05 5.6E-01 0.421038279

A(2,5) = -2.33532E-18 -7.4E+00 7.8E+04 2.0E-01 -0.190616868
A(3,1) = -1.02E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -4.96093E-17
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.79203E-13
A(3,5) = -1.81385E-14 ΔHCO3 = 3.815954E-13
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -2.02392E-13
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.96E-09 8.001728253 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.94E-05 0%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 4.91E-06 0%
H= 9.96E-09
H2CO3 1.94E-05
HCO3 = 9.76E-04
CO3= 4.91E-06
A(1,1) = 5.03E+01 5.03E+01 -2.58E-02 5.14E-04 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A(1,2) = -2.58E-02 5.03E-03 0.00E+00 -5.14E-08 1.02E-05 -1.29E-26
A(1,3) = 5.14E-04 -1.02E+02 0 1 2 -2.1684E-19
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 0.00E+00
A(2,1) = 5.03E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.015127839 3.9E+01 -4.0E-04 0.000391011

A(2,3)= -5.14E-08 -8.9E+00 7.4E+04 -7.6E-01 0.769578594
A(2,4) = 1.02E-05 1.6E+01 -1.5E+05 5.6E-01 0.42103827
A(2,5) = -1.29247E-26 -7.4E+00 7.8E+04 2.0E-01 -0.190616864
A(3,1) = -1.02E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 8.55232E-23
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.641082E-19
A(3,5) = -2.1684E-19 ΔHCO3 = -1.20082E-19
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -4.40261E-20
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 9.96E-09 8.001728253 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.94E-05 0%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 4.91E-06 0%
Pcb = 7 pH = 8.0E+00
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦^2−57 𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦

T=
0 0 Ka,1 = 1
0 10.22 Ka,2= 6.025596E-11
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 c= 1.00E-03 M
Cb = 8 c= 1.00E-08 M
〗 _3^∗
𝐻^+ |𝐻^+=|^2
|+|/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂𝐾_(𝑎,2)+
) |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
〗 _3^− |/𝐶_𝑇 |𝐻^+ ||+
= (|𝐻^+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+ |+ |𝐻^+ |^2
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝐶_𝑇= |+ |𝐻^+
| 〖〖𝐻 |^2〗) ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ |
_2 𝐶𝑂
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + |
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |
𝐵𝐶= 𝐶_𝐵− 𝐶_𝐴= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ |
1.00E-08 8 1.00E-08 1.95E-05 9.76E-04 4.89E-06 9.86E-04 9.86E-04
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ ||
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗
^∗ 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻
𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
h(x,y,z,w) = | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + 2|
〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | + | 〖𝑂𝐻〗 ^− | - |𝐻^+ | - BC2
i(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ | 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | -Ct
Variables
x, y, z, w
H, H2CO3, HCO3 CO3
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/| -1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=−|𝐻^+ || 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=0 〖ℎ 〖𝑖
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3 = ´ 〗 _𝐻2𝐶𝑂3=
0 1
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2
|/| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 || 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^= |/|
_3 |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |^2
〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

|/| 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 2
_3 |
Matrices
H= 1.00E-08
H2CO3 1.00E-05
HCO3 = 1.00E-04
CO3= 1.00E-06
A(1,1) = 1.00E+01 1.00E+01 -1.00E-02 1.00E-03 0.00E+00 4.01E-07
A(1,2) = -1.00E-02 1.00E-02 0.00E+00 -1.00E-06 1.00E-04 -4.99E-11
A(1,3) = 1.00E-03 -1.01E+02 0 1 2 0.000883433
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 8.89E-04
A(1,5) = 4.01E-07
A(2,1) = 1.00E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.081462491 9.6E+00 -8.9E-04 0.000814625
A(2,3)= -1.00E-06 -1.6E+01 7.9E+03 -8.1E-01 0.838664335
A(2,4) = 1.00E-04 2.4E+01 -1.7E+04 7.2E-01 0.240394215
A(2,5) = -4.98813E-11 -7.9E+00 8.9E+03 9.6E-02 -0.079058549
A(3,1) = -1.01E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -2.67614E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.9039E-05
A(3,5) = 0.000883433 ΔHCO3 = 0.000859192

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 1.076925E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H -1.68E-08 Err:502 268%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.90E-05 190%
A(4,5) = 8.89E-04 HCO3 9.59E-04 859%
CO3 1.18E-05 1077%
H= -1.68E-08
H2CO3 2.90E-05
HCO3 = 9.59E-04
CO3= 1.18E-05
A(1,1) = 3.30E+01 3.30E+01 1.91E-02 -5.77E-04 0.00E+00 1.05E-06
A(1,2) = 1.91E-02 1.23E-02 0.00E+00 2.14E-07 -1.75E-05 2.56E-10
A(1,3) = -5.77E-04 -36.59400954 0 1 2 4.272752E-06
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 1.05E-06
A(2,1) = 1.23E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.02165489 2.4E+01 4.2E-04 -0.000412866
A(2,3)= 2.14E-07 1.4E+01 -4.0E+04 -7.2E-01 0.731972162
A(2,4) = -1.75E-05 -2.9E+01 7.9E+04 4.2E-01 0.551164113
A(2,5) = 2.557811E-10 1.5E+01 -3.9E+04 3.0E-01 -0.283136275
A(3,1) = -3.66E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 3.089313E-08
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 1.54711E-06
A(3,5) = 4.272752E-06 ΔHCO3 = -8.49747E-06
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 6.950365E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.41E-08 7.84980622 184%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 3.06E-05 5%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.51E-04 1%
CO3 1.87E-05 59%
H= 1.41E-08
H2CO3 3.06E-05
HCO3 = 9.51E-04
CO3= 1.87E-05
A(1,1) = 3.11E+01 3.11E+01 -1.44E-02 4.62E-04 0.00E+00 6.19E-08
A(1,2) = -1.44E-02 1.97E-02 0.00E+00 -2.93E-07 1.49E-05 -2.28E-10
A(1,3) = 4.62E-04 -51.07401791 0 1 2 -2.40385E-06
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 6.19E-08
A(2,1) = 1.97E-02
A(2,2) = 0 0.019491208 1.9E+01 -2.8E-04 0.000279914
A(2,3)= -2.93E-07 -2.6E+01 3.9E+04 -6.1E-01 0.629233335
A(2,4) = 1.49E-05 5.1E+01 -7.9E+04 2.3E-01 0.72723699
A(2,5) = -2.28141E-10 -2.5E+01 4.0E+04 3.8E-01 -0.356470325
A(3,1) = -5.11E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -2.51108E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -9.082E-06
A(3,5) = -2.40385E-06 ΔHCO3 = 2.06961E-05
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.16141E-05
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.16E-08 7.934771306 18%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 2.15E-05 30%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.71E-04 2%
CO3 7.11E-06 62%
H= 1.16E-08
H2CO3 2.15E-05
HCO3 = 9.71E-04
CO3= 7.11E-06
A(1,1) = 4.52E+01 4.52E+01 -2.44E-02 5.40E-04 0.00E+00 -2.37E-08
A(1,2) = -2.44E-02 7.31E-03 0.00E+00 -8.75E-08 1.20E-05 -3.49E-11
A(1,3) = 5.40E-04 -7.51E+01 0 1 2 -2.71709E-08

A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -2.37E-08
A(2,1) = 7.31E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.016027341 3.4E+01 -4.0E-04 0.000391238
A(2,3)= -8.75E-08 -1.1E+01 6.0E+04 -7.2E-01 0.735071725
A(2,4) = 1.20E-05 2.1E+01 -1.2E+05 4.8E-01 0.500492966
A(2,5) = -3.48835E-11 -9.7E+00 6.2E+04 2.5E-01 -0.235564691
A(3,1) = -7.51E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.54392E-09
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.8015E-06
A(3,5) = -2.71709E-08 ΔHCO3 = 3.746038E-06

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.94454E-06
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.01E-08 7.996682288 13%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.97E-05 8%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.75E-04 0%
CO3 5.16E-06 27%
H= 1.01E-08
H2CO3 1.97E-05
HCO3 = 9.75E-04
CO3= 5.16E-06
A(1,1) = 4.95E+01 4.95E+01 -2.53E-02 5.11E-04 0.00E+00 2.46E-09
A(1,2) = -2.53E-02 5.29E-03 0.00E+00 -5.47E-08 1.03E-05 -3.21E-12

A(1,3) = 5.11E-04 -99.48374986 0 1 2 -1.75176E-08
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = 2.46E-09
A(2,1) = 5.29E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.01529169 3.9E+01 -3.9E-04 0.000387071
A(2,3)= -5.47E-08 -9.3E+00 7.2E+04 -7.6E-01 0.765524783
A(2,4) = 1.03E-05 1.7E+01 -1.5E+05 5.5E-01 0.430443137
A(2,5) = -3.21277E-12 -7.7E+00 7.6E+04 2.0E-01 -0.19596792
A(3,1) = -9.95E+01
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -7.93283E-11
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -2.42168E-07
A(3,5) = -1.75176E-08 ΔHCO3 = 5.097453E-07
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -2.67577E-07
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.00E-08 8.000114784 1%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.95E-05 1%

A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 4.89E-06 5%
H= 1.00E-08
H2CO3 1.95E-05
HCO3 = 9.76E-04
CO3= 4.89E-06
A(1,1) = 5.01E+01 5.01E+01 -2.58E-02 5.14E-04 0.00E+00 -2.86E-11

A(1,2) = -2.58E-02 5.02E-03 0.00E+00 -5.14E-08 1.02E-05 -2.34E-14
A(1,3) = 5.14E-04 -1.01E+02 0 1 2 -6.1992E-11
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,5) = -2.86E-11
A(2,1) = 5.02E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.015207908 3.9E+01 -4.0E-04 0.000391689
A(2,3)= -5.14E-08 -8.9E+00 7.4E+04 -7.6E-01 0.770799751
A(2,4) = 1.02E-05 1.6E+01 -1.5E+05 5.7E-01 0.418819191

A(2,5) = -2.34349E-14 -7.4E+00 7.8E+04 2.0E-01 -0.189618942
A(3,1) = -1.01E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -1.33243E-12
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.42294E-09
A(3,5) = -6.1992E-11 ΔHCO3 = 3.042517E-09
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.61958E-09
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.00E-08 8.000172669 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.95E-05 0%
A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 4.89E-06 0%
H= 1.00E-08
H2CO3 1.95E-05
HCO3 = 9.76E-04
CO3= 4.89E-06
A(1,1) = 5.01E+01 5.01E+01 -2.58E-02 5.14E-04 0.00E+00 2.30E-15
A(1,2) = -2.58E-02 5.01E-03 0.00E+00 -5.14E-08 1.02E-05 -2.28E-18
A(1,3) = 5.14E-04 -1.01E+02 0 1 2 -1.77699E-14
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 2.168404E-19
A(1,5) = 2.30E-15
A(2,1) = 5.01E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.015207397 3.9E+01 -4.0E-04 0.000391682
A(2,3)= -5.14E-08 -8.9E+00 7.4E+04 -7.6E-01 0.770830209
A(2,4) = 1.02E-05 1.6E+01 -1.5E+05 5.7E-01 0.418748521

A(2,5) = -2.28491E-18 -7.4E+00 7.8E+04 2.0E-01 -0.18957873
A(3,1) = -1.01E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -4.79101E-17
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.75088E-13
A(3,5) = -1.77699E-14 ΔHCO3 = 3.727896E-13
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.97701E-13
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.00E-08 8.000172672 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.95E-05 0%
A(4,5) = 2.17E-19 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 4.89E-06 0%
H= 1.00E-08
H2CO3 1.95E-05
HCO3 = 9.76E-04
CO3= 4.89E-06
A(1,1) = 5.01E+01 5.01E+01 -2.58E-02 5.14E-04 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A(1,2) = -2.58E-02 5.01E-03 0.00E+00 -5.14E-08 1.02E-05 -1.29E-26
A(1,3) = 5.14E-04 -1.01E+02 0 1 2 0
A(1,4) = 0 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,5) = 0.00E+00
A(2,1) = 5.01E-03
A(2,2) = 0 0.015207397 3.9E+01 -4.0E-04 0.000391682

A(2,3)= -5.14E-08 -8.9E+00 7.4E+04 -7.6E-01 0.770830213
A(2,4) = 1.02E-05 1.6E+01 -1.5E+05 5.7E-01 0.418748513
A(2,5) = -1.29247E-26 -7.4E+00 7.8E+04 2.0E-01 -0.189578725
A(3,1) = -1.01E+02
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -8.54413E-23
A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = -1.68098E-19
A(3,5) = 0 ΔHCO3 = -8.88475E-20
A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 4.010558E-20
A(4,2) = 1
A(4,3) = 1 H 1.00E-08 8.000172672 0%
A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.95E-05 0%
A(4,5) = -2.17E-19 HCO3 9.76E-04 0%
CO3 4.89E-06 0%
Pcb = 8 pH = 8.0E+00
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑥^2+𝑥𝑦−10
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦)=𝑦+ 3𝑥𝑦^2−57
𝐻^+ |+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
Despues de un ablandamiento recarbonatación se obtiene un agua con las siguientes caracteristicas:
Ca+2 0.001
HCO3(-1) 0.002
pH = 8.7
T (oC) = 10
Determinar si el agua se encuentra en equilibrio con el carbonato de calcio
Ecuaciones Datos Resultados

𝜇=1/2 ∑_𝑖^𝑛▒(𝐶_𝑖 [Ca] = 0.001
〖𝑍 _𝑖 〗 ^2 ) ZCa = 2 µ= 0.003
[HCO3 ]= 0.002
ZHCO3 = 1 log(ϒCa) = 0.102
log(ϒHCO3) = 0.026
𝜇=2,5x10^(−5) 𝑥𝑆𝐷𝑇
Ca HCO3
𝜇=1,6x10^(−5) 𝑥𝐶𝐸 (µmho/S, ZCa = 2 1 ϒCa = 0.79024
µS) µ= 0.003 0.003 ϒHCO3 = 0.94284
−log⁡(𝛾_𝑖 ) A= 0.5 0.5
=0,5 〖𝑍 _𝑖 〗 ^2 𝜇^(1/2) B= 3E+0732600000
ai = 4.0E-08 4E-08
−log⁡(𝛾_𝑖 )
=(𝐴 〖𝑍 _𝑖 〗 ^2 𝜇^(1/2))/
(1+𝐵𝑎_𝑖 𝜇^(1/2) )
𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑂_(3(𝑠)) ⇌ 〖𝐶𝑎〗 ^(+2) + 〖〖𝐶

𝑂〗 _3 〗 ^(−2) pKso = pKso = 8.15
𝐻^+ + 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 〗 ^(−2) " "⇌ 〖𝐻 pKa,2 = 10.49

〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 〗 ^(−1) pKa,2 =
𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑂_(3(𝑠))+𝐻^+ ⇌ 〖𝐶𝑎〗 ^(+2) + 〖〖𝐻

𝐶𝑂〗 _3 〗 ^(−2) pK= pK = 2.34
𝐾=(𝛾_𝐶𝑎 𝛾_𝐻𝐶𝑂3)/𝛾_𝐻 [Ca] = 0.001 pHs = 8.16677

[𝐶𝐴][𝐻𝐶𝑂3]/[𝐻] [HCO3 ]= 0.002
ϒCa = 0.790238
𝑝𝐻𝑠=𝑝𝐾 − log[𝐶𝑎]−𝑙𝑜𝑔[𝐻𝐶𝑂3] ϒHCO3 = 0.942843
−log⁡(𝛾𝑐𝑎)−log⁡(𝐻𝐶𝑂3)
𝐼𝐿=𝑝𝐻 −𝑝𝐻𝑠 pH = 8.7 IL = 0.53323 incrustante

pHs = 8.16677
Nota Si IL es positivo (IL > 0) es incrustante

Si IL es negativo (IL< 0) es corrosivo
Ecuaciones Datos Resultados
Energía libre de Gibbs en equilibrio
∆𝐺= 〖∆𝐺〗 ^𝑜+𝑅𝑇 𝑙𝑛(𝑄) R= 1.987 cal/(mol oK) ΔGo = -3.0314 kcal
T= 10 oC
〖∆𝐺〗 ^𝑜=−𝑅𝑇 𝑙𝑛(𝐾) pK = 2.34
K= 218.776
Equilibrio transitorio
[Ca] = 0.001
[HCO3 ]= 0.002 Q= 746.84
Q=(𝛾_𝐶𝑎 𝛾_𝐻𝐶𝑂3)/𝛾_𝐻
[𝐶𝐴][𝐻𝐶𝑂3]/[𝐻] ϒCa = 0.79024
ϒHCO3 =0.94284
H= 2E-09
Energía libre de Gibbs
ΔGo = -3.0314 kcal
∆𝐺= 〖∆𝐺〗 ^𝑜+𝑅𝑇 𝑙𝑛(𝑄) R = 1.987 cal/(mol oK) ΔG = 0.69078
T= 10 oC
La reacción se lleva a cabo en
Q= 746.84 la dirección de formación de
CaCO3, se forma precipitado
(incrustante)
Sistema cerrado
T=
pKa,1 1.99 Ka,1 = 0.01023293
pKa,2 2.67 Ka,2= 0.00213796
Kw= 1E-14
pC = 3 0.001
〗 _3^∗ |/𝐶_𝑇 = |𝐻^+ |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+ |+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
^− |/𝐶_𝑇 = (|𝐻^+ | 𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+ |+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+ |+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )
pH H H2CO3 HCO3 CO3 OH

0.5 3.16E-01 9.68E-04 3.13E-05 2.12E-07 3.16E-14
1 1.00E-01 9.05E-04 9.26E-05 1.98E-06 1.00E-13
1.5 3.16E-02 7.43E-04 2.41E-04 1.63E-05 3.16E-13
2 1.00E-02 4.46E-04 4.56E-04 9.76E-05 1.00E-12
2.5 3.16E-03 1.56E-04 5.04E-04 3.41E-04 3.16E-12
3 1.00E-03 3.02E-05 3.09E-04 6.61E-04 1.00E-11
3.5 3.16E-04 3.97E-06 1.28E-04 8.68E-04 3.16E-11
4 1.00E-04 4.36E-07 4.47E-05 9.55E-04 1.00E-10
4.5 3.16E-05 4.50E-08 1.46E-05 9.85E-04 3.16E-10
5 1.00E-05 4.55E-09 4.66E-06 9.95E-04 1.00E-09
5.5 3.16E-06 4.56E-10 1.48E-06 9.99E-04 3.16E-09
6 1.00E-06 4.57E-11 4.68E-07 1.00E-03 1.00E-08
6.5 3.16E-07 4.57E-12 1.48E-07 1.00E-03 3.16E-08
7 1.00E-07 4.57E-13 4.68E-08 1.00E-03 1.00E-07
7.5 3.16E-08 4.57E-14 1.48E-08 1.00E-03 3.16E-07
8 1.00E-08 4.57E-15 4.68E-09 1.00E-03 1.00E-06
8.5 3.16E-09 4.57E-16 1.48E-09 1.00E-03 3.16E-06
9 1.00E-09 4.57E-17 4.68E-10 1.00E-03 1.00E-05
9.5 3.16E-10 4.57E-18 1.48E-10 1.00E-03 3.16E-05
10 1.00E-10 4.57E-19 4.68E-11 1.00E-03 1.00E-04
10.5 3.16E-11 4.57E-20 1.48E-11 1.00E-03 3.16E-04
11 1.00E-11 4.57E-21 4.68E-12 1.00E-03 1.00E-03
11.5 3.16E-12 4.57E-22 1.48E-12 1.00E-03 3.16E-03
12 1.00E-12 4.57E-23 4.68E-13 1.00E-03 1.00E-02
12.5 3.16E-13 4.57E-24 1.48E-13 1.00E-03 3.16E-02
13 1.00E-13 4.57E-25 4.68E-14 1.00E-03 1.00E-01
13.5 3.16E-14 4.57E-26 1.48E-14 1.00E-03 3.16E-01
14 1.00E-14 4.57E-27 4.68E-15 1.00E-03 1.00E+00
pH pH2CO3 pHCO3 PCO3 pH pOH Ct
0.5 3.01392293 4.50392293 6.67392293 0.5 13.5 3
1 3.04317243 4.03317243 5.70317243 1 13 3
1.5 3.12887443 3.61887443 4.78887443 1.5 12.5 3
2 3.350649 3.340649 4.010649 2 12 3
2.5 3.80778513 3.29778513 3.46778513 2.5 11.5 3
3 4.51996634 3.50996634 3.17996634 3 11 3
3.5 5.40163405 3.89163405 3.06163405 3.5 10.5 3
4 6.36004232 4.35004232 3.02004232 4 10 3
4.5 7.3463962 4.8363962 3.0063962 4.5 9.5 3
5 8.34202859 5.33202859 3.00202859 5 9 3
5.5 9.34064209 5.83064209 3.00064209 5.5 8.5 3
6 10.3402031 6.33020311 3.00020311 6 8 3
6.5 11.3400642 6.83006423 3.00006423 6.5 7.5 3
7 12.3400203 7.33002031 3.00002031 7 7 3
7.5 13.3400064 7.83000642 3.00000642 7.5 6.5 3
8 14.340002 8.33000203 3.00000203 8 6 3
8.5 15.3400006 8.83000064 3.00000064 8.5 5.5 3
9 16.3400002 9.3300002 3.0000002 9 5 3
9.5 17.3400001 9.83000006 3.00000006 9.5 4.5 3
10 18.34 10.33 3.00000002 10 4 3
10.5 19.34 10.83 3.00000001 10.5 3.5 3
11 20.34 11.33 3 11 3 3
11.5 21.34 11.83 3 11.5 2.5 3
12 22.34 12.33 3 12 2 3
12.5 23.34 12.83 3 12.5 1.5 3
13 24.34 13.33 3 13 1 3
13.5 25.34 13.83 3 13.5 0.5 3
14 26.34 14.33 3 14 0 3
Sistema cerrado
pH Column B Column C Column D Column E Column F
Column G
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
0
2
H2CO3
CT CO2,ac
C
p
8
4
10
12
14
Variables
H2CO3, HCO3 , CO3
Funciones
𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/| 〖〖𝐻 _2
𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,1)
𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/|

〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | − 𝐾_(𝑎,2)
ℎ(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧)= | 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |+ |
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 | + | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 | -Ct
Derivadas de las funciones

𝑔´𝑥=0
𝑓´𝑥=−|𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/|
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |
^2 𝑔´𝑦=−|𝐻^+ ||
𝑓´𝑦= |𝐻^+ |/|
〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/|
〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 ||
𝑓´𝑧=0 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗
𝑔´𝑧= |𝐻^+ 〗〖〖𝐻𝐶
^−|/| _3 |
𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |
Ka,1 = 0.01023293
Ka,2= 0.00213796
CT = 0.001
H= 0.04
H2CO3 0.001
HCO3 = 3.16228E-07
CO3= 1E-15
Matriz
A(1,1) = -0.01264911 -0.012649111 40 0 0.010220281
A(1,2) = 40 0 -0.0004 126491.1064 0.002137962
A(1,3) = 0 1 1 1 -3.16228E-07
A(1,4) = 0.01022028
A(2,1) = 0 Minversa
A(2,2) = -0.0004 -2.5E-02 -7.9E-06 1.0E+00
A(2,3)= 126491.106 2.5E-02 -2.5E-09 3.2E-04
A(2,4) = 0.00213796 7.9E-11 7.9E-06 1.0E-12
A(3,1) = 1
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -0.000255759
A(3,4) = -3.1623E-07 ΔHCO3 = 0.000255426
ΔCO3 = 1.690288E-08
H2CO3 0.000744241 E1 = 0.343651272
HCO3 0.000255742 E2 = 0.998763491
CO3 1.690288E-08 E3 = 0.999999941
H2CO3 0.00074424
HCO3 = 0.00025574
CO3= 1.69029E-08
Matriz
A(1,1) = -18.4686781 -18.46867811 53.74605089 0 -0.003512213
A(1,2) = 53.7460509 0 -0.010337497 156.4074033 0.002135318
A(1,3) = 0 1 1 1 2.168404E-19
A(1,4) = -0.00351221
A(2,1) = 0 Minversa
A(2,2) = -0.0103375 -1.4E-02 -4.8E-03 7.4E-01
A(2,3)= 156.407403 1.4E-02 -1.6E-03 2.6E-01
A(2,4) = 0.00213532 9.2E-07 6.4E-03 1.7E-05
A(3,1) = 1
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 3.847749E-05
A(3,4) = 2.1684E-19 ΔHCO3 = -5.21263E-05
ΔCO3 = 1.364884E-05
H2CO3 0.000782718 E1 = 0.049158799
HCO3 0.000203616 E2 = 0.25600304
CO3 1.366574E-05 E3 = 0.99876312
H2CO3 0.00078272
HCO3 = 0.00020362
CO3= 1.36657E-05
Matriz
A(1,1) = -13.2941663 -13.29416625 51.1039596 0 -0.000172656
A(1,2) = 51.1039596 0 -13.18466871 196.4481741 -0.000546648
A(1,3) = 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,4) = -0.00017266
A(2,1) = 0 Minversa
A(2,2) = -13.1846687 -1.6E-02 -4.0E-03 7.8E-01
A(2,3)= 196.448174 1.5E-02 -1.0E-03 2.0E-01
A(2,4) = -0.00054665 1.0E-03 5.0E-03 1.4E-02
A(3,1) = 1
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 4.999954E-06
A(3,4) = 0 ΔHCO3 = -2.07784E-06
ΔCO3 = -2.92211E-06
H2CO3 0.000787718 E1 = 0.006347389
HCO3 0.000201538 E2 = 0.010309914
CO3 1.074363E-05 E3 = 0.271985583
H2CO3 0.00078772
HCO3 = 0.00020154
CO3= 1.07436E-05
Matriz
A(1,1) = -12.9919891 -12.99198908 50.77958287 0 -1.09592E-06
A(1,2) = 50.7795829 0 -10.5802581 198.4735379 5.635894E-06
A(1,3) = 0 1 1 1 -2.1684E-19
A(1,4) = -1.0959E-06
A(2,1) = 0 Minversa
A(2,2) = -10.5802581 -1.6E-02 -4.0E-03 7.9E-01
A(2,3)= 198.473538 1.6E-02 -1.0E-03 2.0E-01
A(2,4) = 5.63589E-06 8.3E-04 5.0E-03 1.1E-02
A(3,1) = 1
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = -4.46155E-09
A(3,4) = -2.1684E-19 ΔHCO3 = -2.27233E-08
ΔCO3 = 2.718486E-08
H2CO3 0.000787714 E1 = 5.663923E-06
HCO3 0.000201515 E2 = 0.000112762
CO3 1.077081E-05 E3 = 0.002523937
H2CO3 0.00078771
HCO3 = 0.00020152
CO3= 1.07708E-05
Matriz
A(1,1) = -12.9906714 -12.9906714 50.77987048 0 6.207184E-12
A(1,2) = 50.7798705 0 -10.60942185 198.4959182 -6.35515E-10
A(1,3) = 0 1 1 1 0
A(1,4) = 6.20718E-12
A(2,1) = 0 Minversa
A(2,2) = -10.6094219 -1.6E-02 -4.0E-03 7.9E-01
A(2,3)= 198.495918 1.6E-02 -1.0E-03 2.0E-01
A(2,4) = -6.3552E-10 8.3E-04 5.0E-03 1.1E-02
A(3,1) = 1
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 2.420552E-12
A(3,4) = 0 ΔHCO3 = 7.414707E-13
ΔCO3 = -3.16202E-12
H2CO3 0.000787714 E1 = 3.072883E-09
HCO3 0.000201515 E2 = 3.679472E-09
CO3 1.077081E-05 E3 = 2.935733E-07
H2CO3 0.00078771
HCO3 = 0.00020152
CO3= 1.07708E-05
Matriz
A(1,1) = -12.9906714 -12.99067136 50.77987033 0 0
A(1,2) = 50.7798703 0 -10.60941866 198.4959174 -2.1684E-18
A(1,3) = 0 1 1 1 2.168404E-19
A(1,4) = 0
A(2,1) = 0 Minversa
A(2,2) = -10.6094187 -1.6E-02 -4.0E-03 7.9E-01
A(2,3)= 198.495917 1.6E-02 -1.0E-03 2.0E-01
A(2,4) = -2.1684E-18 8.3E-04 5.0E-03 1.1E-02
A(3,1) = 1
A(3,3) = 1 ΔH = 1.794133E-19
A(3,4) = 2.1684E-19 ΔHCO3 = 4.589809E-20
ΔCO3 = -8.47097E-21
H2CO3 0.000787714 E1 = 2.752782E-16
HCO3 0.000201515 E2 = 0
CO3 1.077081E-05 E3 = 0
umn F
13 14
H = 10 ^ (-pH)
H2CO3 = 10 ^ -15
HCO3 = 10 ^ -6.5
CO3 = 10 ^ -3
CT = 10 ^ -2
A(1, 1) = -H * HCO3 / H2CO3 ^ 2
A(1, 2) = H / H2CO3
A(1, 3) = 0
A(1, 4) = -(H * HCO3 / H2CO3 - K1)
A(2, 1) = 0
A(2, 2) = -H * CO3 / HCO3 ^ 2
A(2, 3) = H / HCO3
A(2, 4) = -(H * CO3 / HCO3 - K2)
A(3, 1) = 1
A(3, 2) = 1
A(3, 3) = 1
A(3, 4) = -(H2CO3 + HCO3 + CO3 - CT)

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Cosntantes de DeBye - Huckel

|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^

〖𝐶𝑂〗 _2(𝑔) ⇄ 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _(2(𝑎𝑐)) 𝐾= 𝐾_𝐻= 10^(−1,5)

〖𝐶𝑂〗 _2(𝑎𝑐) + 𝐻_2 𝑂 ⇄ 𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 𝐾_𝑚= 10^(−2,8)

𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 ⇄ 𝐻^++ 〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 _3^− 𝐾_1^´= 10^(−3,5)

𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^∗ ⇄ 𝐻^++ 〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 _3^− 𝐾_(𝑎,1)= 10^(−6,3)

〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 _3^− ⇄ 𝐻^++ 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^(−2) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)= 10^(−10,3)

𝑎 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _(3(𝑠))+ 𝐻^+ ⇄ 〖𝐶𝑎〗 ^(+2)+ 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^(−2)+ 𝐾_𝑠𝑜 = 10^(−8,3)

|𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^∗ |= | 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _2(𝑎𝑐) |+ |𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 |

|𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/(|

𝐾_𝑚= |𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 |/| 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _2(𝑎𝑐) | =1,610^(−3)

|𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |/(|

𝐾_(𝑎,1) = 𝐾_𝑚 𝐾_1^´ = 10^(−2,5) 10^(−3,5)=

〗 _3^∗ |/𝐶_𝑇 = |𝐻^+ |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+ |+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )

^− |/𝐶_𝑇 = (|𝐻^+ | 𝐾_(𝑎,1))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+ |+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )

= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+ |+ |𝐻^+ |^2 )

pH H H2CO3 HCO3 CO3 OH

pH pH2CO3 pHCO3 PCO3 pH pOH Ct

Column B Column C Column D Column E Column F

𝑔(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |/|

〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^∗ |+ |𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 | + |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^− | + | 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^(−2) |

Balance de carga (electroneutralidad)

2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^∗ |+ |𝐻_2 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3 | + |𝐻 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^− | + | 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _3^(−2) |

En sistemas abiertos la concentración de [CO2(ac)] adopta la siguiente relación [CO2(ac)] = KH *

Pero de Puede cambiar un poco por contaminación

| 〖〖𝐻 _2 𝐶𝑂 〗 ^∗ 〗 _3 |≅ | 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _(2(𝑎𝑐)) |

𝐾_(𝑎,1)=|𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 | 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗 _3 |

| 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |= | 〖〖𝐶𝑂〗 ^= 〗 _3 |= (𝐾_(𝑎,2)

| 〖𝐶𝑂〗 _(2(𝑎𝑐)) | = 0.00012 1.2E-04 mol/l

pH H+ CO2ac HCO3 CO3 CT

pH p(CO2,ac)p(HCO3) p(CO3) p(CT) pH pOH

p(CO2,ac) p(HCO3) p(CO3) p(CT) pH pOH

A(2, 1) = -H * CO3 / HCO3 ^ 2

Ka,1 = 6.35 4.47E-07

p(CO2,ac) p(HCO3) p(CO3) p(CT) pH pOH

〗 _3^∗ |/𝐶_𝑇 = |𝐻^+ |^2/(𝐾_(𝑎,1)

= |/𝐶_𝑇 = (𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2))/(𝐾_(𝑎,1) 𝐾_(𝑎,2)+ 𝐾_(𝑎,1) |𝐻^+

𝑓(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤)= |𝐻^+ || 〖〖𝐻𝐶𝑂〗 ^− 〗

H, H2CO3, HCO3 , CO3

〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐻𝐶 〖𝑔 ´ 〗 _𝐻= | 〖〖𝐶 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐻 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐻 =0

〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3=0 〖𝑓 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3= |𝐻^+ 〖ℎ ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 = 〖𝑖 ´ 〗 _𝐶𝑂3 =1

A(1,1) = 1.00E-03 1.00E-03 -1.00E-03 1.00E+00 0.00E+00 -4.99E-07

A(1,2) = -1.00E-03 1.00E-02 0.00E+00 -1.00E+01 1.00E+03 -1.00E-05

A(2,2) = 0 1.017913257 2.0E-03 -1.0E+00 0.001017913

A(2,3)= -1.00E+01 -1.0E+00 -1.0E-03 -1.0E-03 0.998992056

A(2,4) = 1.00E+03 1.0E+00 -3.0E-06 1.0E-03 0.000997974

A(2,5) = -9.99995E-06 1.0E-02 1.0E-03 2.0E-05 9.969562E-06

A(3,4) = 2 ΔH2CO3 = 7.661937E-06

A(3,5) = -0.008014607 ΔHCO3 = -8.49691E-06

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = -1.75027E-07

A(4,3) = 1 H 9.01E-03 2.04547964 801%

A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.01E-03 1%

CO3 -1.65E-07 1750%

A(1,1) = -7.44E-03 -7.44E-03 6.65E-02 8.94E+00 0.00E+00 6.75E-05

A(1,3) = 8.94E+00 -1 0 1 2 -7.1168E-11

A(2,2) = 0 0.117819411 -1.7E-03 -1.0E+00 -0.007834113

A(2,3)= 2.64E+01 -1.2E-01 8.4E-04 8.8E-04 1.007668798

A(2,4) = -1.20E+03 1.1E-01 -7.6E-06 -8.4E-04 -0.007503483

A(3,5) = -7.1168E-11 ΔHCO3 = 7.619047E-06

A(4,1) = 0 ΔCO3 = 3.328936E-07

A(4,3) = 1 H 9.01E-03 2.045080292 0%

A(4,4) = 1 H2CO3 1.00E-03 1%

A(4,5) = 0.00E+00 HCO3 1.22E-07 102%