Course: ICT (1431 / 5403)

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Level: BA / B.Com / Associate / BS
Semester, Autumn 2019

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Passing Marks (Assignment 1): 40
Assignment No. 1 (Unit 1-4)

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Q. 1 (a) Define Information and Communication Technologies. Also write down at-least ten practical applications of
ICT in the fields of education, sports, media and entertainment.

Answer: - Stands for "Information and Communication Technologies." ICT refers to technologies that provide
access to information through telecommunications. It is similar to Information Technology (IT), but focuses primarily on
communication technologies. This includes the Internet, wireless networks, cell phones, and other communication
mediums.
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In the past few decades, information and communication technologies have provided society with a vast array of
new communication capabilities. For example, people can communicate in real-time with others in different countries
using technologies such as instant messaging, voice over IP (VoIP), and video-conferencing. Social networking websites
like Facebook allow users from all over the world to remain in contact and communicate on a regular basis.

Modern information and communication technologies have created a "global village," in which people can
communicate with others across the world as if they were living next door. For this reason, ICT is often studied in the
context of how modern communication technologies affect society.
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1. Use of Technology in Business

Today businesses can save money by using technology to perform numerous tasks. When you compare the amount of
money spent on hiring an individual to perform a certain task and the training necessary to be able to perform that
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function consistently, it is costly. When it comes to technology, a small business can scale out and consistently deliver
more at high quality with less human resources, often equating less cost.

Examples of Technology in Business

1. Car manufacturing has increasingly utilized more robotics in the creation of the car frame and its parts. This has
resulted in greater speed and builds quality.
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2. Many retail stores and empires no longer track inventory manually. Through the use of Information systems, they
are able to accurately track current inventory and needed inventory. Saving time and money. Additionally, some
systems are able to communicate with suppliers to let them know when to deliver more goods, this result in always
stocked shelves

2. Use of Technology in Communication

Unlike in the past when communication was limited to letter writing and waiting for those postal services to deliver your
message. Today technology has made the field of communication easy. Now you can draft a business message and
email it or fax it in an instant.
Technology has made business meetings so simple, with the introduction of video conferencing; you no longer have to
worry to be late for a business meeting. Now with this video conferencing technology, you can be in the meeting in a
virtual form and engage with your partners directly.

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Examples of Technology in Communication

Video Conferencing

Allows for simple real-time communication between two parties.

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Sites for Video Conferencing

 GoToMeeting
 Webex
 Skype
 Whats App

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Emails

I don’t need to say much about this. We all have one and treasure this form of communication technology. Many people
cannot function without the use of their emails. It is a critical form of communication technology used by the simplest
person to the President.

Email Providers
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 Gmail
 Outlook
 Yahoo

3. Use of Technology in Human Relationships

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As the world develops, people are getting more carried away with their work and cares. Today a lot is demanded, so
everyone is too busy and have no time for finding a relationship. So technology has also filled this part. With technology,
you can connect and meet new people while at work using social network technology. You can also use technology to
find a new date without living your work. Nowadays people use mobile phone apps to meet and connect with new and
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old friends. Social networks like Facebook.com, Tagged.com have played a big role in connecting both old and new
relationships.

However, virtual relationships are not as strong as physical relationships, so I advise you to take off time and meet these
people you network with virtually and get to know each other better. On the other note, people who over participate in
virtual relationships, end up with no friends in real life, and they develop a disease called cyber-sickness and loneliness.
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Examples of Technology in Human Relationships

Virtual Dating

Virtual dating has become a new and exciting experience for those looking for love. Many providers, both websites and
apps, have promised by means of there proprietary algorithms they can find you love. Thus many millions have
registered to be matched with their ” soul mate.”

Virtual Dating Sites and Apps

 Match.com: This website has connected thousands of people in the world, even resulting in real marriages.
 Eharmony: This website assures clients that they look at partners for longterm relations, users typically recommend
Eharmony.
 Bumble: This app is popular among Android users.

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4. Use of Technology in Education

Today, technology has made a very big change in the education world, with the invention of technology gadgets and
mobile apps it is easier than ever for students to learn. Nowadays you can access a full library of educational material
via a mobile app or website on any smartphone or iPad. Before inventing this technology, students had to go to physical
libraries to get the information they need.

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Examples of Technology in Education

Apps for Education

 Coursera-Basically learn everything you want with this app. Browse 1000+ courses in a variety of subject areas,

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math, to music, medicine, programming, computer science etc.
 Khan Academy- Like Coursera Khan Academy is well known. It has over 10,000 videos and explanations at your
fingertips in math, science, finance, programming and a lot more
 Duolingo – (The best language-learning app” —The Wall Street Journal) Learn English, Spanish, French, Danish,
Swedish, Russian, Ukrainian, etc. some of which you may never really use. But I always say a next language is never a
bad thing. Check it out its awesome.
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5. Use of Technology in Purchasing

Technology has also made the buying and selling of goods and services so flexible and a lot safer. With the introduction
e-payment systems, users can easily purchase anything online without leaving the comfort of their homes, they no
longer need to overly worry about sending credit card information to a vendor.

Examples of Technology in Purchasing

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EMV Smart Chips

Once upon a time, credit card owners feared losing their cards as the thief merely needed to swipe and fake a signature
to empty it. Now Credit Cards with smart chip technology rather than sign a hard copy of the receipt, the chip and pin
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system, instead require a PIN like an ATM. If the PIN doesn’t match, your purchase doesn’t go through. Thus this system
is more secure.

Online Payments Providers

 Paypal– The most widely used payment provider in the USA. This giant of a provider has allowed for payment at
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thousands of popular websites without the need to enter your credit card details. Keeping your payment secure and
safe. It simply requires an email and password to pay.
 Google Wallet – Google’s Payment solution, like PayPal, Google simply requires your Google account to pay, not as
widely used as PayPal however.

6. Use of Technology in Agriculture

Also, technology has changed the agricultural industry by replacing human labor with machines that are operated or
controlled by people or other machines. In the agricultural industry, productivity is a key factor. If production is high,
the farmer will make more profits. Technology has helped farmers replace the old ways of farming with machines that
can do the job in less time right from the day of planting to the day of harvesting. Let’s take a simple example. An
animal-drawn plow replaced the digging stick. Then later, that plow was replaced by the horse-drawn moldboard plow.
Currently, we have the large tractors that pull complex tilling machines. But, even these machines are being replaced by
no-till or minimum-till farming practices, which reduce the amount of work it takes to prepare the soil for planting.

Examples of Technology in Agriculture

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 Machinery
 Apps
 FamGraze

With the invention of Mobile App for farmers, they can use an App like ”FamGraze” to work faster and be more accurate

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while in the field and off the field. For example, ”FamGraze” app will help a farmer manage their grass more effectively
by suggesting the cheapest feed for their livestock. This app will calculate the amount of grass your animals have in the
field. You will need no paper or any spreadsheets to do all this. Saving you more time while in the field.

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7. Use of Technology in Banking

The use of technology in banking is the backbone of society today. Most banks now offer online banking facilities.
Millions make use of this service daily to manage their finances. Most businesses also use this feature to pay employees
and transfer money. Many individuals and companies are reliant on this option to function. Additionally, security has
significantly benefited as these banking systems do their best to ensure there are firewalls and limits in place to reject
any curious hacker.
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Examples of Technology in Banking

E-Banking Providers

This list is endless. The best suggestion is to check your nearest banking provider I am almost positive they have online
banking.

ATMS
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These lifesavers allow for the quick convenient withdrawal of our money. No need to enter a back or call ahead. Quick
and easy. only requires a simple pin to access.

Banking APPS
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Banks like Chase, Wells Fargo, RBC and PNC all have mobile apps to access your banking and investment details easily,
wherever and whenever you are on the go.

8. Use of Technology in Transportation

Transportation is one of the basic areas of technological activity. Both businesses and individuals have benefited from
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the new technologies in the travel industry. Time is money, so we must have a fast and efficient mode of transport. Try
to imagine life without a well-developed transportation system. Transportation is the food, clothing, and shelter of
society. It has become a basic need of every society. It assists with the essential transfer of necessary services and goods
for all industries, some of which is required for a populations existence. However, transportation technology has
changed dramatically since 1800 to recent years. Let’s take a good example in the picture below.

Examples of Technology in Banking

Trains

Electric and Hybrid Vehicles

There has been an extreme rise if electric and hybrid vehicles. They promise greater gas mileage, an environmentally
responsible and all-around less expensive vehicle.
Tesla Motors– Tesla Motors is the big boy of the fully electric car world. They have showrooms all around the world and
a very faithful following.

Toyota Prius – The biggest contender in the hybrid industry. It has been faithfully performing and surpassing

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expectations since 1997. Its never the best looking but it makes up in performance and saving.

(b) Describe the term computer. Also describe different types as well as applications of the computer.

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Answer:- Computer:- A computer is an electronic machine, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own
memory that can accept data, manipulate the data according to specified rules, produce results, and store the results for
future use. Computers process data to create information. Data is a collection of raw unprocessed facts, figures, and
symbols. Information is data that is organized, meaningful, and useful. To process data into information, a computer
uses hardware and software. Hardware is the electric, electronic, and mechanical equipment that makes up a computer.
Software is the series of instructions that tells the hardware how to perform tasks. Technically, a computer is a

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programmable machine. This means it can execute a programmed list of instructions and respond to new instructions
that it is given. Today, however, the term is most often used to refer to the desktop and laptop computers that most
people use. When referring to a desktop model, the term “computer” technically only refers to the computer itself —
not the monitor, keyboard, and mouse. Still, it is acceptable to refer to everything together as the computer. If you want
to be really technical, the box that holds the computer is called the “system unit.” Some of the major parts of a personal
computer (or PC) include the motherboard, CPU, memory (or RAM), hard drive, and video card. While personal
computers are by far the most common type of computers today, there are several other types of computers. For
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example, a “minicomputer” is a powerful computer that can support many users at once. A “mainframe” is a large, high-
powered computer that can perform billions of calculations from multiple sources at one time. Finally, a
“supercomputer” is a machine that can process billions of instructions a second and is used to calculate extremely
complex calculations.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF THE COMPUTER:-

The main types of computer are supercomputers, mainframes, personal computers, laptops, net books, tablets and
smart phones. Each has different purposes and capabilities. Supercomputers have huge data storage capacities and
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unrivaled processing power. They are used by large organizations that require immense computing power. These
computers are exceptionally expensive and very delicate. Housed in clean rooms, supercomputers must be kept free of
dust and debris, and have to be constantly cooled because of the heat they generate. Mainframe computers have
considerably less power and capacity than supercomputers, but significantly more than personal computers. They are
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capable of processing billions of instructions per second and handle vast quantities of data simultaneously. Personal
computers are common in homes and offices throughout the world. Modern models have large storage capacities and
run multiple applications simultaneously. Modern laptops feature similar specification to desktop computers, with the
added bonus of being portable. However, laptops can feel heavy and battery life can be an issue if needing to work for
long periods without being able to recharge. Netbooks are smaller and lighter than laptops, but have considerably less
storage capacity and power. However, their small size and minimal weight makes them attractive for browsing the web,
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checking emails and creating documents when not in the office. Tablets and smart phones are similar in nature and
operate on a touch screen basis. They are user-friendly, lightweight and very convenient, being popular with people of
all ages and backgrounds. Applications of the computer Most of the beginners confused about types of Computer
Applications and It is not easy to divide computer applications into any exact categories. At present there is no clear
definition available to categorize computer applications. Even though here is a small list of different types of computer
applications.

1. Embedded Systems
2. Windows applications (also called ‘Desktop applications’)
3. Web Applications
4. Web Services
5. Console applications
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS:-

When we save a name, address and other information in to our Mobile Phone or Digital Diary, You know how it gets
saved in it? Nothing but which is a small computer program ‘Embedded’ into a chip in the device inside the mobile

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phone or digital diary known as Embedded Systems.

WINDOWS APPLICATIONS: –

Windows Applications is a form based standard Windows, Microsoft word; Paint is example to the Windows application,
and also called ‘Desktop applications’.

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WEB APPLICATIONS:-

A web site is also called ‘web Applications’. A web applications is a collection of web pages hosted on a special computer
called ‘web server’. Web server can be located anywhere and visitors can be located anywhere it will work through
Browsers (EG. Internet Explorer, Mozilla, Netscape).

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WEB SERVICES:-

Web services are web applications that give services to other applications through the internet, example Google search
engine, Yahoo Search engine etc. which allows other applications to delegate the task of searching over the internet.
Console Applications: Console applications runs inside the command prompt i.e. DOS window, It is a light weight
program and which is used commonly for test applications.
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Q. 2 Write down the importance of Motherboard in computer. Why we call him motherboard? Also explain the
types of memory with examples.

Answer:- The Importance of a Motherboard in a Computer

A motherboard, also known as the "main board," is the central circuit hub that allows connection between all
components and peripherals attached to the computer. It also allows all the components such as CPU, graphics card,
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hard drive and the memory to receive power from the attached power supply.

Motherboard Form Factors

The shape and layout of the motherboard is called its form factor. The form factor acts as a standard for defining the
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motherboard. It determines the power supply, the type of case and the place where individual components will fit. The
most popular motherboard form factor in domestic and industrial computers is ATX as it reduces the size of the
motherboard greatly.

Components of the Motherboard

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The motherboard contains a few integrated components situated on board such as the chipset, the CMOS, the BIOS and
the system bus. The motherboard also contains numerous sockets and ports including Peripheral Component
Interconnect (PCI), Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP), Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE), Universal Serial Bus (USB) and
the memory or RAM slots.

Functions of the Motherboard

A motherboard controls the flow of external data through the ports such as the USB and the IDE and guides the data to
the hard drives. The main function of the motherboard is to hold the microprocessor chip e.g. Intel Pentium 4, Intel
Celeron and AMD Athlon. Also, almost all the components that help in the function of the computer are either parts of
the motherboard or are plugged into it.

Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read Only Memory (ROM)

Memory is the most essential element of a computing system because without it computer can’t perform simple tasks.
Computer memory is of two basic type – Primary memory (RAM and ROM) and Secondary memory(hard drive,CD,etc.).
Random Access Memory (RAM) is primary-volatile memory and Read Only Memory (ROM) is primary-non-volatile
memory.

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1. Random Access Memory (RAM) –

 It is also called as read write memory or the main memory or the primary memory.
 The programs and data that the CPU requires during execution of a program are stored in this memory.
 It is a volatile memory as the data loses when the power is turned off.
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 RAM is further classified into two types- SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) and DRAM (Dynamic Random Access
Memory).
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Read Only Memory (ROM) –

 Stores crucial information essential to operate the system, like the program essential to boot the computer.
 It is not volatile.
 Always retains its data.
 Used in embedded systems or where the programming needs no change.
 Used in calculators and peripheral devices.
 ROM is further classified into 4 types- ROM, PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM.

Types of Read Only Memory (ROM) –

1. PROM (Programmable read-only memory) – It can be programmed by user. Once programmed, the data and
instructions in it cannot be changed.
2. EPROM (Erasable Programmable read only memory) – It can be reprogrammed. To erase data from it, expose it to
ultra violet light. To reprogram it, erase all the previous data.

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3. EEPROM (Electrically erasable programmable read only memory) – The data can be erased by applying electric field,
no need of ultra violet light. We can erase only portions of the chip.

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Q. 3

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What do you mean by point and draw devices? Enlist and describe them briefly with the help of diagrams.

Answer: - A pointing device is an input interface that allows a user to input spatial (i.e., continuous and multi-
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dimensional) data to a computer. CAD systems and graphical user interfaces (GUI) allow the user to control and provide
data to the computer using physical gestures by moving a hand-held mouse or similar device across the surface of the
physical desktop and activating switches on the mouse. Movements of the pointing device are echoed on the screen by
movements of the pointer (or cursor) and other visual changes. Common gestures are point and click and drag and drop.

Mouse: A mouse moves the graphical pointer by being slid across a smooth surface. The conventional roller-ball
mouse uses a ball to create this action: the ball is in contact with two small shafts that are set at right angles to each
other. As the ball moves these shafts rotate, and the rotation is measured by sensors within the mouse. The distance
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and direction information from the sensors is then transmitted to the computer, and the computer moves the graphical
pointer on the screen by following the movements of the mouse.
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Optical Mouse:- Another common mouse is the optical mouse. This device is very similar to the conventional
mouse but uses visible or infrared light instead of a roller-ball to detect the changes in position.
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Mini-mouse:- A mini-mouse is a small egg-sized mouse for use with laptop computers; usually small enough for use on
a free area of the laptop body itself, it is typically optical, includes a retractable cord and uses a USB port to save battery

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life.

Trackball: A trackball is a pointing device consisting of a ball held by a socket containing sensors to detect a
rotation of the ball about two axes—like an upside-down mouse with an exposed protruding ball. The user rolls the ball
with the thumb, fingers, or the palm of the hand to move a pointer.
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Compared with a mouse, a trackball has no limits on effective travel; at times, a mouse can reach an edge of its working
area while the operator still wishes to move the screen pointer farther. With a trackball, the operator just continues
rolling, whereas a mouse would have to be lifted and re-positioned.
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Joystick:- A joystick is an input device consisting of a stick that pivots on a base and reports its angle or direction
to the device it is controlling. A joystick, also known as the control column,Joysticks are often used to control video
games, and usually have one or more push-buttons whose state can also be read by the computer. A popular variation
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of the joystick used on modern video game consoles is the analog stick. Joysticks are also used for controlling machines
such as cranes, trucks, underwater unmanned vehicles, wheelchairs, surveillance cameras, and zero turning radius lawn
mowers.
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Analog Stick:- An analog stick, sometimes called a control stick, joy stick or thumbstick, is an input device for a

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controller (often a game controller) that is used for three-dimensional input. An analog stick is a variation of a joystick,
consisting of a protrusion from the controller; input is based on the position of this protrusion in relation to the default
"center" position. While digital sticks rely on single electrical connections for movement (using internal digital electrical
contacts for up, down, left and right), analog sticks use continuous electrical activity running through potentiometers.
The analog stick has greatly overtaken the D-pad in both prominence and usage in console video games.
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Pointing Stick:- A pointing stick is an isometric joystick used as a pointing device, as with a touchpad or trackball, and
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typically mounted in a computer keyboard. Movements of the pointing stick are echoed on the screen by movements of
the pointer (or cursor) and other visual changes.

The pointing stick operates by sensing applied force, by using a pair of resistive strain gauges. A pointing stick can be
used by pushing with the fingers in the general direction the user wants the cursor to move. The velocity of the pointer
depends on the applied force so increasing pressure causes faster movement.
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Stylus:- A stylus is a small pen-shaped instrument that is used to input commands to a computer screen, mobile device
or graphics tablet.
The stylus is the primary input device for personal digital assistants and smartphones that require accurate input,
although devices featuring multi-touch finger-input with capacitive touchscreens are becoming more popular than
stylus-driven devices in the smartphone market.

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Touch pad:- A touchpad or trackpad is a flat surface that can detect finger contact. It is a stationary pointing device,
commonly used on laptop computers. At least one physical button normally comes with the touchpad, but the user can
also generate a mouse click by tapping on the pad. Advanced features include pressure sensitivity and special gestures
such as scrolling by moving one's finger along an edge.
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Light pen:- A light pen is a device similar to a touch screen, but uses a special light-sensitive pen instead of the
finger, which allows for more accurate screen input. As the tip of the light pen makes contact with the screen, it sends a
signal back to the computer containing the coordinates of the pixels at that point. It can be used to draw on the
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computer screen or make menu selections, and does not require a special touch screen because it can work with any
CRT display.
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Touch Screen:- A touchscreen is a device embedded into the screen of the TV monitor, or system LCD monitor screens
of laptop computers. Users interact with the device by physically pressing items shown on the screen, either with their
fingers or some helping tool.A touchscreen is a device embedded into the screen of the TV monitor, or system LCD
monitor screens of laptop computers. Users interact with the device by physically pressing items shown on the screen,
either with their fingers or some helping tool.
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Q. 4 (a) Enlist Input and Output devices. Define each and differentiate them.

Answer:- An input device sends information to a computer system for processing, and an output device
reproduces or displays the results of that processing. Input devices only allow for input of data to a computer and output
devices only receive the output of data from another device.

Most devices are only input devices or output devices, as they can only accept data input from a user or output data
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generated by a computer. However, some devices can accept input and display output, and they are referred to as I/O
devices (input/output devices).

For example, as you can see in the top half of the image to the right, a keyboard sends electrical signals, which are
received by the computer as input. Those signals are then interpreted by the computer and displayed, or output, on the
monitor as text or images. In the lower half of the image, the computer sends, or outputs, data to a printer, which will
print the data onto a piece of paper, also considered output.

Input devices
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An input device can send data to another device, but it cannot receive data from another device. Examples of input
devices include the following.

Keyboard and Mouse - Accepts input from a user and sends that data (input) to the computer. They cannot accept or
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reproduce information (output) from the computer.

Microphone - Receives sound generated by an input source, and sends that sound to a computer.

Webcam - Receives images generated by whatever it is pointed at (input) and sends those images to a computer.
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Output devices

An output device can receive data from another device and generate output with that data, but it cannot send data to
another device. Examples of output devices include the following.

Monitor - Receives data from a computer (output) and displays that information as text and images for users to view. It
cannot accept data from a user and send that data to another device.

Projector - Receives data from a computer (output) and displays, or projects, that information as text and images onto a
surface, like a wall or a screen. It cannot accept data from a user and send that data to another device.

Speakers - Receives sound data from a computer and plays the sounds for users to hear. It cannot accept sound
generated by users and send that sound to another device.
Input/output devices

An input/output device can receive data from users, or another device (input), and send data to another device (output).
Examples of input/output devices include the following.

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CD-RW drive and DVD-RW drive - Receives data from a computer (input), to copy onto a writable CD or DVD. Also, the
drive sends data contained on a CD or DVD (output) to a computer.

USB flash drive - Receives, or saves, data from a computer (input). Also, the drive sends data to a computer or another
device (output).

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(b) Elaborate the role of Central Processing Unit in working of Computer.

Answer:- Definitions

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The central processing unit (CPU) of a computer is a piece of hardware that carries out the instructions of a computer
program. It performs the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of a computer system. The CPU is like
the brains of the computer - every instruction, no matter how simple, has to go through the CPU. So let's say you press
the letter 'k' on your keyboard and it appears on the screen - the CPU of your computer is what makes this possible. The
CPU is sometimes also referred to as the central processor unit, or processor for short. So when you are looking at the
specifications of a computer at your local electronics store, it typically refers to the CPU as the processor.
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When we start to look at the various components of a CPU and how they function, remember that this is all about
speed. When we use a computer, we want the instructions to be carried out very fast. As the instructions become more
complicated (for example, creating a 3D animation or editing a video file), we demand more from the CPU. Thus, the
technological advances we have seen in processor technology have largely been driven by the need for speed.

Components

A typical CPU has a number of components. The first is the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which performs simple arithmetic
and logical operations. Second is the control unit (CU), which manages the various components of the computer. It reads
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and interprets instructions from memory and transforms them into a series of signals to activate other parts of the
computer. The control unit calls upon the arithmetic logic unit to perform the necessary calculations.

Third is the cache, which serves as high-speed memory where instructions can be copied to and retrieved. Early CPUs
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consisted of many separate components, but since the 1970s, they have been constructed as a single integrated unit
called a microprocessor. As such, a CPU is a specific type of microprocessor. The individual components of a CPU have
become so integrated that you can't even recognize them from the outside. This CPU is about two inches by two inches
in size.

CPUs are located on the motherboard. Motherboards have a socket for this, which is specific for a certain type of
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processor. A CPU gets very hot and therefore needs its own cooling system in the form of a heat sink and/or fan.

The ALU is where the calculations occur, but how do these calculations actually get carried out? To a computer, the
world consists of zeros and ones. Inside a processor, we can store zeros and ones using transistors. These are
microscopic switches that control the flow of electricity depending on whether the switch is on or off. So the transistor
contains binary information: a one if a current passes through and a zero if a current does not pass through.

Transistors are located on a very thin slice of silicon. A single silicon chip can contain thousands of transistors. A single
CPU contains a large number of chips. Combined, these only cover about a square inch or so. In a modern CPU, however,
that
Q. 5 What is software? Explain any ten application software. Also differentiate application software and system
software.

Answer:- Definition

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Software, in its most general sense, is a set of instructions or programs instructing a computer to do specific tasks.
Software is a generic term used to describe computer programs.

Scripts, applications, programs and a set of instructions are all terms often used to describe software.

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Ten application software

1. MS Word

Microsoft Word is a word-processing software that was created in 1983. This application software can be installed on
computers, tablets or cell phones that support it. Its features allow you to set margins, create tabs and insert page

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breaks for your documents. There have been many updates to the original software. These include Microsoft Office
2019 and Office 365.

2. MS Access

MS Access is a database management software. There are seven functions this application is capable of performing.
These include the creation of:


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Tables
 Relationships
 Queries
 Forms
 Reports
 Macros
 Modules

With the use of MS Access you can manage, run and enter larger reports. You also have the ability to create PDF files.
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3. MS Excel

MS Excel is a spreadsheet software program. It has an enhanced intelligence design. This means it will learn your
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patterns and organize your data for you. You have the freedom to create your own forms and perform calculations as
needed. This application software also gives you the ability to share your files with others. This capability makes MS
Excel ideal whether working alone or as a team.

4. Firefox
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Firefox is a web browser designed to keep your information protected. Thanks to its pop-up blockers and integrated
browser features, you can use this software for all size projects. When using this type of browser, you can set privacy
and security measures to keep your documents and transmissions safe.

5. Safari

Safari is a web browser that was designed by Apple. This program can be used with most iOS devices including the
different models of iPads and iPhones. Built-in privacy barriers allow you to keep your information hidden from other
devices in your area. You can control your settings and make adjustments as needed.

6. Chrome

Chrome is a web browser that can be used with a wide range of operating systems. The platform’s built-in tools give you
the ability to perform tasks quickly. Chrome offers the ability to support other applications as well.
7. AutoCAD

AutoCAD allows you to use your computer to create and draft different designs. This software was first created in 1989
for use with microcomputers that contained internal graphics controllers. Today, you will find different types of

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AutoCAD software programs that work with Windows, Mac, iOS and Android operating systems.

8. Microsoft Powerpoint

Microsoft Powerpoint is an application software program that gives you the ability to make custom presentations. The
built-in tools allow you to view, create and share information. This program can be used on any Microsoft product,

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including iPhones, computers and tablets.

9. WordPad

WordPad is a simple word-processing application software. You will find this program on most Microsoft products. It
allows you to type in your information and arrange it as needed. The end result is a document that flows well with basic

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information you are trying to convey. WordPad works well when creating longer emails and correspondences you want
to send.

10. Apple Numbers

Apple Numbers is a spreadsheet application software program. This program is used with Apple platform products
including iPads and iPhones. You have the ability to create charts and diagrams to correspond to the information you put
into the Apple Numbers spreadsheet. This allows for a clearer understanding of the data.
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