Name: ____________________________________________Yr. & Sec.

: ________ Score: _________

Problem Set 2: HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT

Part I
Instruction: Encircle the best answer.

1. The difference in elevation between the headwater and the tailwater or tailrace.
a. Dynamic head c. Gross head
b. Net positive suction head d. Effective head
2. It conducts the water around the turbine.
a. Spiral casing` c. Wicket gate
b. Draft tube d. Governor
3. These are movable vertical vanes that are actuated by the governor to control the flow of
water and therefore the energy supplied to the runner.
a. Spillway c. Headrace pipe
b. Runner d. Wicket gate
4. The rotating part of the turbine where the water imparts its energy onto the turbine shaft.
a. Runner c. Impeller
b Flywheel d. Lobe
5. The power output of this plant depends on the water flow in the river; at low river flows the
output decreases accordingly.
a. Pumped Storage Plant c. Storage Plant
b. Run-of-River Plant d. All of the above
6. It provides an efficient and safe means of releasing flow water that exceeds the design
capacity of the dam.
a. draft tube c. surge chamber
b. penstock d. spillway
7. This is a grid or screen composed of parallel bars to catch floating debris. It prevents leaves,
branches, and other water contaminants from entering the penstock.
a. Surge tank c. Butterfly valve
b. Trash Rack d. Weir
8. It is the term used that refers to water in the reservoir.
a. Headwater c. Tailwater
b Discharge d. Stored water
9. The speed of a hypothetical model turbine having the same configuration as the actual
turbine, when the model would be of the proper size to develop 1 hp at a head of 1 ft.
a. Synchronous speed c. Runaway speed
b. Specific speed d. Turbine speed
10. The ratio of the effective head to the gross head.
a. Mechanical efficiency c. Hydraulic efficiency
b. Penstock efficiency d. Volumetric efficiency
11. The ratio of the head utilized to the effective head.
a. Mechanical efficiency c. Hydraulic efficiency
b. Penstock efficiency d. Volumetric efficiency
12. It is a hydroelectric plant in which excess water is pumped to an elevated space during off-
peak period and the stored water will be used to drive hydraulic turbines during the peak
period to meet the peak demand.
a. Run-of-River Plant c. Pumped Storage Plant
b. Storage Plant d. None of the above
13. It is a channel that conducts water away from the turbine.
a. Headrace Pipe c. Penstock
b. Forebay d. Tailrace
 14. This is a propeller- type reaction turbine with both adjustable guide vanes and runner blades.
a. Kaplan Turbine c. Turgo Turbine
b. Pelton Turbine d. Cross-flow
15. The intake pipe to a hydraulic turbine from a dam.
a. Forebay c. Penstock
b. Draft tube d. Tailrace
16. Heads between 70 and 800 ft generally indicate this type of turbine.
a. Impulse turbine c. Reaction turbine
b. Propeller turbine d. Pelton turbine
17. The functions of this hydraulic turbine part are: (1) It enables the turbine to be set above the
tailwater level without losing any head thereby. and (2) It reduces the head loss at
submerged discharge to increase the net head available to the turbine runner.
a. Spiral casing c. Wicket gate
b. Draft tube d. Butterfly valve
18. The primary purpose of a turbine in a fluid loop is to
a. add energy to the flow c. add mass to the flow
b. extract energy from the flow d. none of the above
19. This is a type of water turbine where a jet of water is made to fall on the blades or buckets
and due to the impulse of water the turbine will start moving.
a. Steam turbine c. Reaction turbine
b. Francis turbine d. Pelton wheel turbine
20. A device used to prevent water hammer in turbine.
a. Governor c. guard
b. Surge tank d. wicket gate

Part 2
Problems:
1. A hydroelectric generating station is supplied from a reservoir of capacity 6, 000,000 m 3 at a head
of 170 m. Assume a turbine efficiency of 80% and a generator efficiency of 90%. Determine the
fall or drop in the reservoir water level after a load of 15, 000 kW has been supplied for 3 hours
and assuming the area of the reservoir to be 2.5 km 2.

2. A remote community in the Mountain Province plans to put up a small hydroelectric power plant
to service six (6) closely located barangays estimated to consume 52, 650, 000 kW-hrs annually.
The expected flow of water is 1665 m 3/min. The most favorable location for the plant fixes the tail
water level at 480 meters. The manufacturer of the turbine-generator set has indicated the
following performance data: turbine efficiency = 87%; generator efficiency = 92%; loss in
headwork will not exceed 3.8% of available head. In order to pinpoint the most suitable area for
the dam, determine: (a) the head water elevation in meters; (b) the synchronous speed of the
generator if the number of poles is 6, and the frequency is 60 hertz.

GOOD LUCK!