BIOCHEMISTRY HOMEWORK SET C B.

glycogenolysis
C. oxidative phosphorylation
NAME: D. PPP
E. TCA cycle
E___1. A 27yo man has an 11-year history of intermittent muscle pain,
weakness, and stiffness following exercise. During exercise, serum lactate E___10. In exercising skeletal muscles, pyruvate oxidation in the TCA cycle is
concentration does not increase. The most likely explanation for these stimulated by which of the following?
findings is a deficiency of which of the following in muscle? A. allosteric activation of isocitrate dehydrogenase by NADH
A. Adenosine D. inorganic phosphate B. allosteric activation of malate dehydrogenase by NAD+
B. Calcium E. phosphorylase activity C. increased product inhibition of citrate synthase by oxaloacetate
C. glucose-6-phosphatase activity D. phosphorylation of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase to an inactive form
E. stimulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity by Ca2+
C___2. A 25yo woman has just finished 30 minutes of vigorous weight lifting,
which included several sets of squats. Which of the following substances has C___11. A 24-yowoman presents with diarrhea, dysphagia, jaundice, and
decreased most significantly in muscle cells of her thighs? white transverse lines on the fingernails (Mees lines). The patient is
A. Calcium D. lactate diagnosed with arsenic poisoning. Arsenic is known to inhibit which of the
B. carbon dioxide E. myoglobin following enzymes of TCA cycle?
C. Glycogen A. Aconitase D. malate dehydrogenase
B. citrate synthase E. succinate dehydrogenase
A___3. A 27yo man has been preparing for a marathon. As part of his normal C. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
prerace routine, he consumes a large meal consisting of pasta and mashed
potatoes the night before the race. Which of the following enzymes is most E___12. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHc) deficiency is an autosomal
likely to be stimulated in his hepatocytes, resulting in increased glycogen recessive disorder and leads to anion gap metabolic acidosis. Which of the
stores in this man? following accumulates to cause metabolic acidosis?
A. Glucokinase D. hexokinase A. Acetoacetate D. hydrochloric acid
B. glucose 6-phosphatase E. lactate dehydrogenase B. Fumarate E. lactate
C. glycogen phosphorylase C. β-hydroxy butyrate

C___4. Which of the following is a congenital defect in which enzyme may A___13. A 5yo child was rushed to emergency room after accidentally
cause hemolytic anemia following administration of the antimalarial drug consuming fluoroacetate, a known inhibitor of TCA cycle. Which of the
primaquine? following enzymes is inhibited by fluoroacetate?
A. hexokinase A. Aconitase D. malate dehydrogenase
B. pyruvate kinase B. citrate synthase E. succinate dehydrogenase
C. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase C. isocitrate dehydrogenase
D. phosphofructokinase
E. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase C___14. Anaplerotic reactions are those that result in replenishing
intermediates in the TCA cycle. Which of the following enzymes catalyzes an
A___5. Your patient is suffering from chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) anaplerotic reaction?
which results in recurrent bouts of infection. A defect in which of the A. citrate synthase D. pyruvate kinase
following enzymes is most likely the cause of the phagocytic cell B. malate dehydrogenase E. succinyl-CoA synthetase
dysfunction? C. pyruvate carboxylase
A. G6PDH
B. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase B___15. Which of the following CoA derivatives serves the dual function of
C. glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase channeling carbon units into the TCA cycle for oxidative catabolism and
D. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase acting as a precursor for lipid biosynthesis?
E. pyruvate dehydrogenase A. acetoacetyl-CoA D. malonyl-CoA
B. acetyl-CoA E. propionyl-CoA
A___6. A 2yochild who is a native of East Africa has been diagnosed with a C. HMG-CoA
deficiency in G6PDH. Following consumption of fava beans the child
experiences a mild hemolytic anemia. Which of the following symptoms A___16. Which of the following components of mitochondrial electron
would also likely be present in this child? transport can act as 1-electron or 2-electron carriers?
A. coarse facial features and bulging forehead A. coenzyme Q and flavins
B. dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia B. cytochrome c, coenzyme Q, and flavins
C. hypoglycemia and galactosemia C. NADH, non-heme iron, cytochrome c, coenzyme Q, and flavins
D. ocular stomatitis D. non-heme iron, cytochrome c, coenzyme Q, and flavins
E. splenomegaly and jaundice
A___17. Which of the following components of the electron transport
D___7. A 50yo alcoholic male presents with pain, numbness, tingling, and system is inhibited by oligomycin?
weakness in his feet. He is diagnosed with thiamine deficiency. Thiamine is A. ATP synthase D. complex III
required as a cofactor for which of the following enzymes? B. complex I E. complex IV
A. gluconolactone hydrolase D. transaldolase C. complex II
B. G6PDH E. transketolase
C. 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase D___18. In newborns, brown fat plays an important role in the generation of
heat through which of the following actions?
B___8. Xylulose 5-phosphate can be formed from ribulose 5-phosphate via A. blocking the action of hormone-sensitive lipase
the action of which of the following enzymes? B. increasing the rate of thyroxine synthesis
A. G6PDH D. transaldolase C. inducing of shivering by leptin
B. phosphopentose epimerase E. transketolase D. promoting proton leakage into mitochondria without ATP formation
C. phosphopentose isomerase E. uncoupling gluconeogenesis from triglyceride hydrolysis

D___9. While training for a triathlon, a 25yo female follows a high-
carbohydrate diet that provides for adequate glycogen and fat synthesis.
When she begins the competition, fatty acid synthesis stops. The best
explanation for this is a decrease in which of the following?
A. gluconeogenesis
C___19. Induction of CYP2E1 would be expected to result in which of the
following?
A. decreased rate of ethanol clearance from the blood
B. decreased rate of acetaldehyde production
C. increased level of alcohol tolerance
D. protection from alcohol-induced hepatic necrosis response of adipocytes to the actions of insulin?
E. reduced likelihood of free radical production A. Ceramides D. sphingomyelins
B. Galactocerebroside E. sphingosine-1-phosphate
E___20. Which of the following events would be most likely to be observed C. GM1 gangliosides
following acute consumption of alcohol?
A. activation of fatty acid oxidation D. inhibition of ketogenesis D___31. All sphingolipid storage diseases are the result of an abnormality in
B. increased rate of gluconeogenesis E. lactic acidosis which of the following processes?
C. increased ratio of NAD+ to NADH A. biosynthesis of cerebrosides in the Golgi complex
B. biosynthesis of gangliosides in the ER
A___21. Which of the following enzymes is most responsive to changes in C. lipid trafficking among membranes
the level of circulating insulin such that as insulin levels rise fatty acid D. lysosomal catabolism of ceramide lipids
synthesis is increased? E. processing of glycolipids in the Golgi complex
A. acetyl-CoA carboxylase D. malonyl-CoA decarboxylase
B. ATP-citrate lyase E. steroyl-CoA desaturase C___32. In a healthy newborn soon after delivery, there is constriction of the
C. fatty acid synthase ductus arteriosus. This process is most likely influenced by which of the
following changes?
D___22. Acetyl-CoA is transported out of the mitochondria in order to serve A. decreased serum calcium concentration
as a substrate for fatty acid or cholesterol synthesis. Which of the following B. decreased serum glucose concentration
enzymes used in this transport process provides a cofactor required for C. decreased serum prostaglandin concentration
these reductive biosynthesis reactions? D. increased serum calcium concentration
A. ATP-citrate lyase D. malic enzyme E. increased venous blood flow
B. citrate synthase E. pyruvate carboxylase
C. malate dehydrogenase D___33. A 23yo woman has a severe viral respiratory infection. Her
temperature is 38.9°C (102°F), but decreases after she takes aspirin. Which
A___23. The rate of transcription of the mRNA of which of the following of the following is the most likely mechanism of action of aspirin in
enzymes is most likely increased in an individual on a fat-free, high- decreasing the fever?
carbohydrate diet? A. activation of adenylate cyclase
A. fatty acid synthase D. phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase B. blockade of the action of exogenous viral pyrogens
B. fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase E. pyruvate carboxylase C. inactivation of lipoxygenase
C. hormone-sensitive lipase D. inhibition of cyclooxygenase
E. prevention of mast cell degranulation
E___24. Activation of phospholipase D (PLD) would be expected to result in
an increased level of which of the following compounds? D___34. The omega-3 class of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) exerts
A. Cardiolipin D. platelet-activating factor potent effects on neural development, cardiovascular function, and
B. Diacylglycerol E. phosphatidic acid inflammation. The most active omega-3 PUFAs are DHA and EPA. These
C. dihydroxyacetone phosphate PUFA are precursors for which of the following class of biologically active
lipids?
C___25. Phosphatidic acid, synthesized from glycerol 3-phosphate and 2 A. Gangliosides D. resolvins
molecules of fatty acyl-CoA, is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of B. Leukotrienes E. thromboxanes
which of the following? C. Prostaglandins
A. bile salts D. prostaglandins
B. Glycosphingolipids E. steroid hormones C___35. A defect in which of the following enzyme activities would impair
C. Phospholipids the production of the lipoxins by the classic pathway (ie, nonaspirin
triggered) in neutrophils?
E___26. An impaired ability to look upward without raising the head is A. COX-1 D. 12-LOX
diagnostic of vertical supranuclear gaze palsy. This defect is associated with B. COX-2 E. 15-LOX
which of the following diseases? C. 5-LOX
A. Familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 1 D. Krabbe disease
B. Gaucher disease E. Niemann-Pick type C D___36. The lipoxins are characterized as pro-resolving compounds because
C. GM2 activator deficiency they promote the resolution of an inflammatory response. Which of the
following activities is associated with this pro-resolution function?
A___27. A 4mo boy presents with painful progressive joint deformity, hoarse A. activation of TNF-α secretion
crying, and granulomatous lesions of the epiglottis and larynx leading to B. inhibition of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell apoptosis
feeding and breathing difficulty. Biopsy of the liver indicates an accumulation C. inhibition of the action of TGF-β
of ceramides. The symptoms and biopsy are indicative of which disease? D. reduction in neutrophil infiltration at the site of inflammation
A. Farber lipogranulomatosis D. Metachromic leukodystrophy E. stimulation of IL-8 release
B. Fucosidosis E. Sandhoff-Jatzkewitz disease
C. Gaucher disease B___37. An individual suffers from a defect in one of the enzymes required
for the synthesis of carnitine. If this individual does not have adequate intake
A___28. Which of the ff occurs in the lipidosis known as Tay-Sachs disease? of carnitine in the diet and is fasting, which of the following would be the
A. ganglioside GM2 is not catabolized by lysosomal enzymes most likely observation in this person compared to conditions of normal
B. phosphoglycerides accumulate in the brain carnitine intake?
C. synthesis of a specific ganglioside is decreased A. elevated levels of long-chain dicarboxylic acids in the blood
D. synthesis of a specific ganglioside is excessive B. elevated very-long-chain fatty acid levels in the blood
E. xanthomas, due to cholesterol deposition, are observed C. hyperglycemia
D. increased levels of fatty acid oxidation
B___29. Leukotrienes have been implicated in several disease entities, E. increased rate of ketogenesis
including allergic asthma, where they are presumed to mediate
bronchoconstriction. Introducing leukotrienes into an airway would be
expected to cause which of the following responses?
A. decreased airway resistance D. increased lung compliance
B. decreased dead space volume E. increased total lung capacity
C. increased functional residual capacity

A___30. Which of the following lipids would most likely result in a reduced