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Impact Loading
Also called shock, sudden or impulsive load
Eg: Driving a nail with a hammer, Automobile collisions, etc.
δ′
Impact Stresses (Contd...)
1 1
Energy equation W (h + δ ′) = Feq δ ′ = Aσ ′δ ′ (1)
2 2
δ′ = Maximum deflection; Feq = Equivalent force; σ′ = Maximum stress
W Feq
Define, σ = = σ st σ′=
A A
σ ′
2σ h + δ
2W ( h + δ ′) σ
From (1), σ′= i.e. ′
σ =
Aδ ′ σ′
δ
σ
W
Where, δ = δ st = ; k = spring stiffness
k
Impact Stresses (Contd...)
2h
Solving, σ ′ = σ 1 + 1 +
δ
2h
Therefore, Feq = W 1 + 1 +
δ
2h
Also, δ ′ = δ 1 + 1 +
δ
Wl W 2hEA
For direct load , δ = σ ′ = 1 + 1 +
Wl
; So,
AE A
Impact Stresses in Bending
2h
y ′ = y 1 + 1 +
y
2h
σ ′ = σ 1 + 1 +
y
Wl 3
y is the static deflection at the load y= for a cantilever beam
3EI
Impact Stresses in Torsion
2h
θ ′ = θ 1 + 1 + ; r is the moment arm of load W
rθ
2h
τ ′ = τ 1 + 1 +
rθ
Example