TRANSMISSION OF AUDIO SIGNAL USING LASER (LI-FI)

Anuj Jain1, Manoj Kumar Shukla2, Nitin Kumar3, Surender kumar4

123
SEEE, Lovely Professional University Punjab
4
Professor ADGITM New Delhi

ABSTRACT

The main objective of chapter “Transmission of Audio signal using Laser (Li-Fi)” is to
design and implement a system capable of transmitting Audio signals using Laser. In this
system we can transmit audio signals from Transmitter circuit to Receiver circuit using
free space Laser communication. We have implemented a transmitter circuit which
removes the need of analog to digital conversion for transmission of Audio signal
wirelessly and prove to be extremely useful in condition where physical connection
between transmitter and receiver is not possible. We used analog signal to transmit audio
signal instead of decoding it into digital signal. The main advantage of using our
transmitter circuit is that there is no need of encoding and decoding at transmitting and
receiving end respectively. By using Laser amplitude modulation for transmission of
Audio signals we cut down a significant amount of hardware at both transmitter and
receiver end. The system circuit consist of Audio amplifier IC‟s, Laser diode, Solar
panel, speaker, RC filter circuit. Audio signal fed into transmitter circuit through 3.5 mm
audio jack which is amplified by audio amplifier IC lm386 which again fed to laser diode
which result in variation of intensity of laser diode light beam. The solar panel at
receiving end receives the voltage variation in form of laser beam and audio amplifier IC
Keyword:- Audio signal, Laser, different amplifier

1. INTRODUCTION
In the present era of communication light has become one of the most effective and
popular means of sending information from one place to another. Recent innovation in
this field such as Fibre optics that guides rays of light like wire carries current. But all
these innovation need a guided medium to communicate however when in a situation
physical connection is not feasible a need of an communication system arises. Which can
transmit data irrespective of availability of guided medium, and this create a need of a
focused beam to transmit information which in turn give rise to need to use Laser as
transmitting medium. Implementation of a system capable a transmitting data with the
help of unguided medium such as Laser was fulfilled by our project.

We implemented an inexpensive system that is capable of transmitting data which in our

case was Audio signal with the help of Laser using amplitude modulation. Input to the
circuit is given by standard 3.5mm Audio jack which removes the need to convert the
data in digital form before transmit hence reduce the complexity of circuit for high speed
data transmission Laser coherent property makes it suitable for long distance unguided
transmission because in Laser light wave can travel a long distance with very little
divergence. By making use of Laser it is very easy to focus on a given target. We used
5mw Laser for intensity modulation of Audio signal which has a wavelength of
650nm. Laser has become one of the fastest means of sending data from one place to
another as compared to other transmitting media such as Radio waves.

A Laser audio transmitter circuit consist of a audio input from mp3 player or mobile
phone or any other media device which is fed to transmitter circuit. The system
communicating with the help of Laser have the benefit to eliminate the need of
broadcasting rights and need of underlying cable from transmitter and receiver.
1.1 OBJECTIVES

Main objective of this chpter is given as following: -

1) Visible light communication have become one of the latest innovation in the field of
communication systems objective of the project is to provide a low cost light weight
system to transmit audio signal using Laser.
2) To make a system which uses Audio amplifier (op-amp) so that there is no need of
data conversion into the digital format thus simplifying the transmission circuit and
intensity modulation using Laser?
3) The implement a system using laser which is capable of transmitting audio signal to
significantly large distance without any delay as compared to any other communication
system.
4) Lastly to implement a communication system in which we do not have to worry about
broadcast rights and bandwidth scarcity

2. THEORETICAL DESCRIPTION
2.1 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
In this chapter we have mainly used lm386 op-amp based amplifier circuit, Audio input
using 3.5 mm audio jack, Laser based transmitter and receiver.
In this project we can transmit Audio signal through a Laser which uses a amplifier
circuit To transmit and receive the audio signal. This project can be used to transmit data
in open auditoriums and meeting and big conference hall. This project can be used to
transmit data between two tall buildings in a city at a very high speed using smaller light
weight, inexpensive transmitter and receiver system. The audio input given by standard
3.5mm audio jack from any standard audio device which act as message signal is
amplified by Audio amplifier IC lm386 and after that unwanted components of audio
signal is reduced by R-C filter circuit which is then modulated by Laser beam which acts
as carrier signal and transmit the Audio signal using intensity modulation. At the receiver
end Laser beam is received by solar panel which convert the intensity variations into
respective voltage levels and fed to a audio amplifier circuit which amplifies the signal
and a n R-C filter circuit to remove the noise present in the circuit and fed it to the

2.2 LASER
There is a chamber which is also called a cavity which is designed such that it
internally reflects infrared (IR), visible-light, or ultraviolet (UV) waves in order to
reinforce each other. The cavity can contain liquids, or solid and the choice of material in
cavity determines the wavelength of output. There is mirror at the each end of the cavity.
One mirror is totally reflective, and does not allow any energy to pass through it whereas
the other mirror is made partially reflective such that it passes[2 3] 5 percent of the
energy. Energy is introduced into the cavity by p u m p i n g process. An
electromagnetic field oscillates at natural frequency of the atoms of the material in the
cavity due to pumping. The waves reflect oscillate between the mirrors. T h e reflected
and re-reflected wave fronts reinforce each other in phase due to appropriate length of
the cavity. The partially reflective mirror cause the emergence of an electromagnetic
wave at resonant frequency. The output may appear as a continuous beam, or as a, intense
pulses.

Fig 1 : Three and Four Level Laser Energy Diagrams[3]

range.

Fig 2: Energy Level Diagram of Laser[5]

Another popular type of laser is the helium-neon laser. The cost is moderate as it
has a cavity filled with helium and neon. In the place of helium and neon, Other
gases can also be used which produce beams of variable wavelengths. A blue
laser is obtained with argon, whereas, IR output is produced with a combination
of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and He. Laser finds various applications in different
fields such as electronics, computer hardware, medicine, and experimental
science, etc.
3 EXPLATION

3.1 COMPLETE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND EXPLANATION

OF IT Audio transmission using Laser consist of an audio amplifier ie.lm-
386, an audio input device, Rc filter circuit and laser at the transmitter end and
solar panel ,audio amplifier ,rc filter circuit And speaker at the receiving end.

3.1.1 TRANSMITTER

Fig 3 Transmitter Circuit on

Proteus[1]

In the transmitter side we have used LM386 audio amplifier which is used in low
voltage application. The maximum output of this audio amplifier is 1 watts while its
voltage gain is 20-200. The voltage divisions generated by R2, R3 and VR3 maintain
the voltage as well as the current for
Laser. A UV-X detector is used to change the input level. You can perform audio input
from the CD microphonePlayer or other device, but we used our mobile phones to
provide input .Capacitor C2 and VR2 presets are used to change the amplitude of the
IC amplifier operating at 9 volts. Sound is transmitted through the laser
communication system. The amplitude of the sound signal modulates the laser beam
intensity.
3.1.2
 RECEIVER

Fig 3. Receiver Circuit on

Proteus[1]

The transmitted light is received by calculator‟s solar panel and amplified by the
LM386 IC. The capacitor C7 is responsible for the variation of gain. VR4 can be
varied to change the signal level obtained from solar panel. The coupling capacitor
C5; removes the DC voltages. The coupling capacitor C8 feeds the output to the
speaker.

4 .APPLICATION AND FUTURE SCOPE

4.1 APPLICATION AND FUTURE SCOPE OF OUR PROJECT:

The future lies within the use of our project bearing the combination of wireless as well
electronic devices, some of the important points regarding this project can be noted down
as follows: Reduced hardware cost of data transmission Range of transmission is not an
constraint if high powered laser is used The size of transmission and receiving station is
smaller and they are lighter for a given range as compared to any other communication
medium so because of this factor the power required for transmission for a given distance
is low. Sound can be reproduced at receiver end without any distortion even for a long
distance which is main need and characteristics of efficient communication system.
System transmitting audio signal with Laser can we implemented in large public
 meeting in open ground and we can also communicate easily between two tall
buildings. Due to its high speed system which use laser for data transmission can
be used for military purposes

4.2 MODIFICATION THAT CAN BE DONE ON OUR PROJECT TO

MAKE IT MORE USEFUL:

Some of the main modifications that can be done to make the project more helpful in
using it for further technology are summed up as follows Circuit can be modified to
transmit video signal also making it ideal transmitter to transmit cable TV channels
at a very low cost and high speed. Due to low power consumption and mainly
outdoor use circuit can be totally powered using solar cells.

5. CONCLUSION

We have implemented a system which is capable of transmission of audio signal using

Laser. It is a low cost, low in power conception, compact in size and standalone system.
The input to the transmitter is provided by a standard media device which is mobile
phone in our case. The input is amplified by operational amplifier and noise is removed
by an rc filter circuit and given to the laser as input which transmit the audio signal in the
form of intensity variation.

On the receiver side laser intensity is converted back in voltage variation and fed to
amplifier circuit which amplifies the voltage signal and noise is again filtered by RC
circuit and output is obtained across speaker.

The recent innovation in communication system such as use of light as transmission

medium to transmit data at a very high speed, recent innovation such as optical fibre
which use guided medium to transmit data and Laser technology which uses unguided
medium that is free space to transmit data at a very high speed .This type of technology
will help our day today growing need of high speed communication

This chapter is mainly aimed to increase the data transmission speed using visible light
communication. Our project with the help of Laser and cut down the need of converting it
into digital signal and Encoding before transmitting it. We have implemented a system
 which can transmit and receive the audio signal using laser at a distance more than 30
meters

6. REFERENCES
1) International journal of advanced research in computer science and technology
(IJARCST 2014) Transmission of Sound Using Lasers by Navneesh Singh Malhotra,
Harman Malhotra Student, B. Tech, Dept. of Electronics and Communication, Jamia
Millia Islamia, New Delhi B. Tech, Electronics and Communication, BPIT, GGSIPU,
New Delhi
2) Research and designing of laser communication terminals on free space laser
communication by Advanced laser com systems and operation group at MIT Lincoln
laboratory. (https:://www.ll.mit.edu/.news/freespace-lasercom.html)
3) Laser working Wikipedia page (laser/wiki)
4) Solar panel working Wikipedia page (solar panel/wiki)
5) International journal of technology emerging and engineering research volume 3,Low
cost transmission of voice and DTMF signal using LASER
6) Current trends in technology and science, study on data transmission through LASERS
Advanced version of LI-FI.
7) http://www.ijarcsse.com/ docs/papers/Volume_3/11_November2013/V3I11-0434.pdf
8)http://www.techthefuture.com/technology/wireless-data-transfer-over-visible-light-sets-
newrecord-at-10-gbs