Third Quarter 2017-2018

Lesson Exemplar in Science 10

Module 1: Coordinated Functions of the Reproductive, Endocrine, and
Nervous Systems
Topic/Title The Menstrual Cycle
(Feedback Mechanisms
Involved in Regulating
Processes in the Female
Reproductive System)
Date and Time Allotment 120 min (Sessions 1 and 2)
Learning Competencies/Objectives:
At the end of the cycle, students should be able to:
a) describe the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating processes
in the female reproductive system (e.g., menstrual cycle); (S10LT-IIIc-
35)
ELICIT (5 min) MATERIALS
Tell the learners that they will play a game called  Picture of Adam
“Adam and Eve”. In this game, there will be a pair of and Eve
players: one who will portray a man and the other  Cut out of words
one as a woman. Each pair will be given a list of about the male
words about the male and female reproductive and female
hormones. reproductive
The words are: pituitary, testis, uterus, egg cell, hormones
ovary, testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, sperm
cell, LH and FSH.
Each pair must select appropriate words from the
list that a man or a woman they represents need in
order for their reproductive system to function well.
Ask a pair of learners to post and explain their
answers.

ENGAGE (10 min)

Show a short video clip of the menstrual cycle to  Video clip about
the class. A picture of menstrual cycle may also be the Menstrual
used as a substitute for video. Allow the students to Cycle
observe for a minute or two.  Power Point
Guide Question: Why are hormones like LH, Presentation
FSH, and estrogen only present in women?
(Supporting question: How do these hormones,
when released affect the female reproductive
system?)

FACT or MYTH?
The learners will state whether the following
beliefs from the local about menstruation have
scientific basis or just pure misconceptions. Although
female students may provide most of the ideas,
encourage male students to share their thoughts
about menstruation. Examples are:
1. Do not take a bath while having a monthly period,
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you’ll be infertile. (myth)

2. A woman cannot get pregnant during
menstruation. (myth)
3. Every woman’s cycle should exactly be 28 days
long. (myth)
4. Women must increase their intake of iron, folic
acids and other supplements to help replace blood
loss during menstruation. (fact)
5. Jump off the stairs from three steps up so that
your period will last for only three days. (myth)

EXPLORE (45 min)

Activity 6: Mark My Calendar!  Activity sheet
Objective: In this activity, the learners will describe  2 calendar charts
the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating  diagrams of the
processes in the female reproductive system. male and female
Procedure: reproductive
1. Group the learners into 6-8 members. Each group system
must prepare two calendars from previous months  scissors
(may use old calendars) or they may make their own  tape or glue
calendars on a manila paper. One calendar will be
labeled as “No Fertilization” and the other one “With
Fertilization”.
2. For “No fertilization”: Post a figure about the
Menstrual Cycle Diagram on the board as reference
or have each group a photo copy.

This figure will serve as a guide for each group in

labeling days in the calendar of important events
during the cycle. They should label the events and
illustrate the growth or location of egg cells in a
given day. To do the illustration, make a copy of the
diagram below and cut out each process and paste
on the calendar.
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3. For “With Fertilization”. Get another calendar

marked by the day-to-day changes in the menstrual
cycle. Label some important events. Then, make
another set of diagrams to place on the calendar.
The diagrams will not be in proper order. You may
not need all the diagrams that show the uterus.
4. Answer the following guide questions
(individually):
a. How long does a regular menstrual cycle last?
b. Describe what happens to an egg during the first
14 days of the cycle in Part A.
c. Describe what happens to the egg if fertilization
occurs.
d. Explain what takes place in the uterus after
fertilization.
e. Why is it important to study the menstrual cycle?
EXPLAIN (25 min)
Each group will present their calendars to the class. Group Outputs
Answers from guide questions will also be compared
and clarified. Duration: 5 min per presentation
ELABORATE (10 min)
The learners will be introduced to the process Power Point
called feedback mechanism. Show how this Presentation:
mechanism works during menstrual cycle through a Feedback
diagram. Mechanism
Give the learners a minute to study the diagram
before answering the questions below orally.

1. What is feedback mechanism?

2. In negative feedback, if the estrogen and
progesterone are released by the ovaries at a high
level, what would happen to the amount of FSH and
LH released by the pituitary?
3. What is homeostasis?
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4. How does the nervous system work to maintain

homeostasis or body’s state of balance?
5. How does the endocrine system work to maintain
homeostasis or body’s state of balance?
6. Why is it important for the body to maintain its
balance or homeostasis?

FACT OR MYTH?
Go back to the discussion about the beliefs on
menstrual period. Clarify which beliefs have scientific
basis and which do not have and explain why.

Concepts Learned:
1. Feedback mechanism is the process
through which the level of one
substance influences the level of
another substance. A negative feedback
affects the production of hormones in
the menstrual cycle. High levels of one
hormone may inhibit the production of
another hormone.
2. Feedback mechanisms in menstrual
cycle:
A. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
stimulates the ovaries to release
estrogen. High levels of estrogen then
prevent the further production of FSH.
B. Estrogen also stimulates the release of
luteinizing hormone (LH) from the
pituitary gland, which in turn controls
the production of progesterone. High
levels of progesterone then inhibit the
further release of LH.
EVALUATE (15 min)
WHEEL OF MENSTRUATION: Using a wheel Photocopy of wheel
illustration, organize chronologically the events and events of
happening during the menstrual cycle. menstruation
To do this, they will cut out copy of these events and Scissors
paste them on the wheel. They will label the events Glue
from 1-10 correctly.
_____ The thick uterine lining is no longer
necessary, so the cells of the thickened uterine lining
break off and leave the vagina.
_____ After menstruation, the cycle starts again.
_____ Meanwhile the uterine lining continues to
thicken.
_____The ovary releases an egg on day 14.
Assume that no sperm is present.
_____The pituitary gland controls and starts the
 Third Quarter 2017-2018

cycle.
_____Meanwhile, the ovary itself releases a
hormone called estrogen, which causes the uterine
lining to increase in thickness so that the fertilized
egg can attach to it.
_____The pituitary gland releases FHS and LH that
cause the egg in the ovary to mature.
_____The egg moves through the oviduct and
enters the uterus.
_____The unfertilized egg is lost and some blood is
lost too. This loss of cells from the uterine
lining, blood, and egg is called menstruation.
_____The egg has not been fertilized, therefore, it
will not attach to the uterus.
EXTEND
The learners will interview a friend or a relative that
experiences irregular menstruation. Construct 5
questions that can be asked. Write your own
conclusion based from their answers.
REFERENCES
LM Science 10 pp. 251 – 254
TG Science 10 pp. 181 – 182
Website: https://womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/menstruation (Figures)
Video: http://youtube.com/watch?v=vXrQ_FhZmos (video clip about
menstrual cycle)

Prepared by:

CARLO VINCENT JORDAN

Checked by:

JOVITO H. SUPLITO
Principal
 Third Quarter 2017-2018

Activity 6: Mark My Calendar!

OBJECTIVE:
In this activity, you should be able to describe the feedback
mechanisms involved in regulating processes in the female reproductive
system.

MATERIALS:
o 2 calendar charts
o diagrams of the male and female reproductive system
o scissors
o tape or glue

PROCEDURE:
1. Group yourselves into 6-8 member. In your group, prepare two calendars
from previous months (may use old calendars) or make your own calendars
on a manila paper. One calendar will be labeled as “No Fertilization” and the
other one “With Fertilization”.
2. For “No fertilization”: Examine the illustration below. Share your indeas to
your group.
 Third Quarter 2017-2018

3. Label days in the calendar of important events during the cycle. To do this,
you should label the events and illustrate the growth or location of egg cells in
a given day. For the illustration, make a copy of the diagram below and cut
out each process and paste on your calendar.

3. For “With Fertilization”. Get another calendar marked by the day-to-day

changes in the menstrual cycle. Label some important events. Then, make
another set of diagrams to place on the calendar. The diagrams will not be in
proper order. You may not need all the diagrams that show the uterus.
4. Answer the following guide questions (individually):
a) How long does a regular menstrual cycle last?
b) Describe what happens to an egg during the first 14 days of the cycle
in Part A.
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c) Describe what happens to the egg if fertilization occurs.

d) Explain what takes place in the uterus after fertilization.
e) Why is it important to study the menstrual cycle?
5. Prepare for a group presentation of your finished output the next day.

Activity 6: Mark My Calendar!

SCORING RUBRICS
Criteria 1 2 3 Score
Labeling of Labels are Completely Completely
event incomplete labeled but and correctly
descriptions some events labeled.
do not match
the day.
Labeling of Labels are Completely Completely
illustrations incomplete labeled but and correctly
some events labeled.
do not match
the day.
Cleanliness The output is The output is The output is
and Visual somewhat neat. very pleasing
presentation neat. It and
seems that presentable
students ran with
out of time appropriate
preparing it. designs.
Team work Teamwork is Teamwork is All members
only evident evident to worked as a
in some most team.
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members. members.
TOTAL:

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE:

Using a wheel illustration, organize chronologically the events

happening during the menstrual cycle. Cut out copy of these events and paste
them on the wheel. Label the events from 1-10 correctly.
 Third Quarter 2017-2018

WHEEL OF MENSTRUATION

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Feedback mechanisms in menstrual cycle:
1. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates the ovaries to
release
estrogen. High levels of estrogen then prevent the further
production of
FSH.
2. Estrogen also stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone (LH)
from
the pituitary gland, which in turn controls the production of
progesterone.
High levels of progesterone then inhibit the
Unsequenced Events during Menstruation:
_____ The thick uterine lining is no longer necessary, so the cells of the
thickened uterine lining break off and leave the vagina.
_____ After menstruation, the cycle starts again.
 Third Quarter 2017-2018

_____ Meanwhile the uterine lining continues to thicken.

_____The ovary releases an egg on day 14. Assume that no sperm is
present.
_____The pituitary gland controls and starts the cycle.
_____Meanwhile, the ovary itself releases a hormone called estrogen, which
causes the uterine
lining to increase in thickness so that the fertilized egg can attach to it.
_____The pituitary gland releases FHS and LH that cause the egg in the
ovary to mature.
_____The egg moves through the oviduct and enters the uterus.
_____The unfertilized egg is lost and some blood is lost too. This loss of cells
from the uterine
lining, blood, and egg is called menstruation.
_____The egg has not been fertilized, therefore, it will not attach to the uterus.