Atomic structure

Topics we will learn today

Problem Practice

Photoelectric Effect & Stopping Potential

Dual Nature of E.M. Radiation

Bohr’s Model of Atom

 unacademy.com/plus

Tests
Quizzes
Doubt Sessions
More Personalized
JEELIVE
Example Photon of which light has maximum energy :

(A) red (B) blue (C) violet (D) green

Example Rutherford’s scattering experiment is related to the size of

(A) electron (B) nucleus (C) neutron (D) proton.

AIIMS 95
Example Which of the following is not emitted by radioactive substances?

(A) Proton (B) Positron (C) alpha-rays (D) Beta-rays AIIMS

97

Example Generally, the limit of visible spectrum is

(A) 1000 to 3000 Å (B) 4000 to 7000 Å

(C) 8000 to 10000 Å (D) 12000 to 15000Å
AIIMS 97
Example Which of the following is the main cause of late discovery of neutron?

(A) Neutron in nucleus moves very fast.

(B) Neutron is highly unstable particle.
(C) Neutron is chargeless particle.
(D) All of these
AIIMS 98

Example Ratio of the energy of a photon with wavelengths

3000 Å and 6000 Å is
(A) 1 : 3 (B) 1 : 2 (C) 2 : 1 (D) 1 : 6
AIIMS 98
Example Calculate energy of 1 mole of photons of radiation having frequency 5 × 1014Hz
Example A 100 watt bulb emits monochromatic light of wavelength 400 nm. Calculate
number of photons emitted per second by the bulb.
Example An E.M. radiation of wavelength 242 nm is just sufficient to ionize a Na atom.
Calculate the I. E. of sodium in KJ/mol.
Example The energy required to break one mole of Cl–Cl bonds in Cl2 is 242 kJ mol−1. The
longest wavelength of light capable of breaking Cl–Cl bonds is (c = 3 x 108 m s−1
and NA = 6.02 x 1023 mol−1)

(A) 494 nm (B) 594 nm (C) 640 nm (D) 700 nm

AIEEE 2010
Example A gas absorbs a photon of 355 nm and emits at two wavelengths. If one of the
emissions is at 680 nm, the other is at

(A) 325 nm (B) 743 nm (C) 518 nm (D) 1035 nm

AIEEE 2011
Example If a charged particle having charge of 2e on being accelerated by 1 volt, its K.E will
be increased by?
Example Bond energy of Br2 is 194 KJ/mol. The minimum wave number of photons required
to break this bond is
 Photoelectric effect ( 1887)-H. Hertz

When certain metals such as K, Rb, Cs etc., were exposed to a beam of light,
electrons were ejected. This phenomenon is called Photoelectric effect and the ejected
electrons are called Photoelectrons.

Metal
Experimental observation:

● Ejection of electron is instantaneous.

● The number of photoelectron is proportional to intensity or brightness of
light.
● For each metal there is a characteristic minimum frequency 𝜈0, below which
photoelectric effect is not observed.
● K.E ∝ frequency of light.( if 𝜈 >𝜈0)
Einstein was able to explain photoelectric effect using Planck’s Quantum theory
Example The threshold frequency 𝜈0 for a metal is 6x1014 s-1. Calculate the KE of an
electron emitted when radiation of frequency 𝜈=1.1x1015 s-1 hits the metal.
Example A photon of 300 nm is absorbed by a gas which then re-emits two photons. One
re-emitted photon has a wavelength off 400 nm. Calculate the energy of the other
photon re-emitted out.
Example Light of wavelength λ shines on a metal surface with intensity X, and the metal
emits Y electron per second of average energy Z. what will happen to Y and Z, if X
is doubled?
 Stopping potential

Minimum negative potential applied to stop the fastest moving photoelectron.