DEFINITION OF LOADS

According to NSCP 2015 SECTION 202:

LOADS - are forces or other actions that result from the weight of all
building materials, occupants and their possessions, environmental effects,
differential movements, and restrained dimensional changes. Permanent
loads are those loads in which variations over time are rare or of small
magnitude. All other loads are variable loads.

According to NSCP 2015 SECTION 204.1:

DEAD LOAD - consist of the weight of all the materials and fixed equipment
incorporated into the building or other structure, including but not limited
to walls, floors, roofs,

LIVE LOAD - are those loads produced by the use and occupancy of the
building or other structure and do not include dead load, construction load,
or environmental loads.
In the design the used live load is 2.5 kPa. The selection of the loading is based on the
NSCP code. The design building falls into the category of “Assembly areas and
auditorium and balconies” having a minimum uniform load of 2.4kPa.

EARTHQUAKE LOAD
According to NSCP 2010 SECTION 208.5.1.1

“Earthquake load. Structures shall be designed for ground motion producing structural
response and seismic forces in any horizontal direction”

Type of Occupancy: 4-Storey Hotel Building

Loading used:
Dead loads

Minimum Design Dead Loads, kPa (from NSCP)

Concrete (Slab) 3.6

Masonry Medium Units (Partition) 2.352
Masonry Light Units (Filler) 0.5
Ceramic Tiles 0.4
Plumbing (5%) 0.18
Sprinkler & Electrical (7%) 0.3

Live Loads

Minimum Design Live Loads (kPa) (from NSCP)

Classrooms 1.9
Corridor 3.8
DEAD LOADS

 SLAB
23.6 kN/m3 x 0.15m = 3.54 kPa
 TILES
Ceramic/ quarry tile 20mm on 25mm mortar bed = 1.10 kPa
 CEILING
Plaster on tile or concrete = 0.48 kPa
 ELECTRICAL
5% of slab= 0.05 x 3.54 = 0.177 kPa
 PLUMBING
5% of slab= 0.05 x 3.54 = 0.177 kPa
 SPRINKLER
7% of slab= 0.07 x 3.54 = 0.2478 kPa
TOTAL: 5.7218 kPa ≈ 6 kPa

WALL
 Exterior and Interior
kN kN kN
W= 2.84 2 + 0.48 2 (3m) = 9.96
m m m
 Parapet
kN kN
W= 2.84 2 + 0.48 2
(1.5 m) = 4.98 kN
m m m
 DEAD LOADS COMPUTATION
(2ND TO 4TH FLOOR)

[B1] [B4]
ρs ρs ρs
W DL = +exterior wall W DL = + ( 3−m 2 ) +interior wall
3 3 6
2
6 (3) kN 6 (4 ) 6 (3) 3 kN
¿
3
+ 9.96
m
¿
3
+
6 ( ( ))
3−
4
+9.96
m

kN kN
W DL =15.96 W DL =25.27
m m

[B2] [B5]
ρs ρs
W DL = +exterior wall W DL = ( 2 ) +interior wall
3 3
6 (4 ) kN 6 (4 ) kN
¿ +9.96 ¿ ( 2 )+ 9.96
3 m 3 m
kN kN
W DL =17.96 W DL =25.96
m m

[B3] [B6]
ρs ρs
W DL = ( 3−m2 ) + exterior wall W DL = (2)
6 3
2
6 ( 3) 3 kN 6 (3)
¿
6 ( ) m
( )
3−+9.96
4
¿
3
(2)

kN kN
W DL =17.27 W DL =12
m m

CONCENTRATED LOAD
@ [B4] and [B5]
 kN kN
= 2.84 2
+0.48 2 ( 3 m ) ( 2m )=19.92 kN
m m

DEAD LOADS COMPUTATION

(ROOF DECK)

kN
ρ slab=23.6 ( 0.15 m ) =3.54 kPa
m3
Concrete fill finish (per mm thickness) = 0.023 x 50mm = 1.15 kPa
ρelectrical =5 % of slab=0.05 × 3.54 kPa=0.177 kPa

ρ plumbing =5 % of slab=0.05 ×3.54 kPa=0.177 kPa

ρ sprinkler =7 % of slab=0.05 × 3.54 kPa=0.2478 kPa

Plaster on tile or concrete = 0.24 kPa

TOTAL = 5.5318 ≈ 6 kPa

[B1] [B4]
ρs ρs ρs
W DL = + parapet W DL = + ( 3−m 2 )
3 3 6
2
6 (3) kN 6 ( 4 ) 6 ( 3) 3
¿
3
+ 4.98
m
¿
3
+
6 ( ( ))
3−
4

kN kN
W DL =10.98 W DL =15.313
m m

[B2] [B5]
ρs ρs
W DL = + parapet W DL = (2)
3 3
6 (4 ) kN 6 (4 )
¿ + 4.98 ¿ ( 2)
3 m 3
kN kN
W DL =12.98 W DL =16
m m
[B3] [B6]
ρs ρs
W DL = ( 3−m2 ) + parapet W DL = (2)
6 3
2
6 ( 3) 3 kN 6 (3)
¿
6
3−
( ( ))
4
+4.98
m
¿
3
(2)

kN kN
W DL =12.3 W DL =12
m m

LIVE LOADS COMPUTATION

(2ND TO 4TH FLOOR)

From Table 205-1, NSCP 2015

 Residential
* Basic floor area = 1.9 kPa
* Corridors = 3.8 kPa

[B1] [B4]
ρs ρs ρs
W DL = W DL = + ( 3−m 2 )
3 3 6
2
3.8 ( 3 ) 1.9 ( 4 ) 3.8 ( 3 ) 3
¿
3
¿
3
+
6
3−
( ( ))
4

kN kN
W DL =3.8 W DL =7.16
m m

[B2] [B5]
ρs ρs
W DL = W DL = (2)
3 3
1.9 ( 4 ) 1.9 ( 4 )
¿ ¿ ( 2)
3 3
kN kN
W DL =2.53 W DL =5.07
m m
[B3] [B6]
ρs ρs
W DL = ( 3−m2 ) W DL = (2)
6 3
2
3.8 ( 3 ) 3 3.8 ( 3 )
¿
6 ( ( ))
3−
4
¿
3
(2)

kN kN
W DL =4.63 W DL =7.6
m m
 LIVE LOADS COMPUTATION
(ROOF DECK)

From Table 205-1, NSCP 2015

* Basic floor area = 1.9 kPa

[B1] [B4]
ρs ρs ρs
W DL = W DL = + ( 3−m 2 )
3 3 6
2
1.9 ( 3 ) 1.9 ( 4 ) 1.9 ( 3 ) 3
¿
3
¿
3
+
6
3−
( ( ))
4

kN kN
W DL =1.9 W DL =4.85
m m

[B2] [B5]
ρs ρs
W DL = W DL = (2)
3 3
1.9 ( 4 ) 1.9 ( 4 )
¿ ¿ ( 2)
3 3
kN kN
W DL =2.53 W DL =5.07
m m

[B3] [B6]
ρs ρs
W DL = ( 3−m2 ) W DL = (2)
6 3
2
1.9 ( 3 ) 3 1.9 ( 3 )
¿
6
3−
4( ( )) ¿
3
(2)

kN kN
W DL =2.32 W DL =3.8
m m
DEADWEIGHT:

@ ROOFDECK, W4

WBEAM = 23.6 kN /m3 (0.3m) (0.5m) (508) = 1798.32 kN

WCOLUMN = 23.6 kN /m3 (0.4m) (0.4m) (3) (77) (0.5) = 436.128 kN
WSLAB = 23.6 kN /m3 (0.15m) (836m2) = 2959.44 kN
WWALL = 2.84 kN /m2 (3m) [38(2) +22(2) +32(5) +4(18) +8(9)] (0.5) = 1806.24
kN
WPARAPET = 2.84 kN /m2 (1.5m) (120) = 511.2 kN
WCOLUMN, PARAPET = 23.6 kN /m3 (0.4m) (0.4m) (1.5m) (32) = 181.248 kN
W4 (TOTAL) = 7692.576 kN + 10% (other loads) = 8.461.834 ≈ 8,460 kN

FOR W3 = W2

WBEAM = 23.6 kN /m3 (0.3m) (0.5m) (508) = 1798.32 kN

WCOLUMN = 23.6 kN /m3 (0.4m) (0.4m) (3) (77) = 872.256 kN
WSLAB = 23.6 kN /m3 (0.15m) (836m2) = 2959.44 kN
WWALL = 2.84 kN /m2 (3m) [38(2) +22(2) +32(5) +4(18) +8(9)] = 3612.48 kN
W3 = W2 (TOTAL) = 9242.496 kN + 10% (other loads) = 10,166.74 ≈ 10,170 kN

FOR W1

WBEAM = 23.6 kN /m3 (0.3m) (0.5m) (508) = 1798.32 kN

WCOLUMN = 23.6 kN /m3 (0.4m) (0.4m) (3) (77) = 872.256 kN
WSLAB = 23.6 kN /m3 (0.15m) (836m2) = 2959.44 kN
WWALL (2ND) = 2.84 kN /m2 (3m) [38(2)+22(2)+32(5)+4(18)+8(9)](0.5) = 1806.24
kN
WWALL (1ST) = 2.84 kN /m2 (3m) [38(2)+22(2)+32(5)+4(14)+8(9)](0.5) = 1738.08
kN
W1 (TOTAL) = 9174.336 kN + 10% (other loads) = 10,091.77 ≈ 10,100 kN
W (TOTAL) = W1 + W2 + W3 + W4
= 10,100 + 10,170 + 10,170 + 8460
W (TOTAL) = 38,900 kN

LOCATION: Ozamiz City, Misamis Occidental

SOIL TYPE: Type D
SEISMIC SQUARE TYPE: Type C
NA = 1 (≥ 10 km); CA = 0.44 (1) = 0.44
NV = 1 (≥ 10 km); CV = 0.64 (1) = 0.64

T = Ct (hn) ¾
Where: Ct= 0.0731; h = 16m
T = 0.0731 (16) ¾ = 0.5848 sec < 7 sec
Since T < 0.7 sec, therefore; Ft = 0

From SMRF: R = 8.5; I = 1

Solve for the Base Shear Must not be lesser than:

C V (I )(W ) ( 0.64 )( 1 ) (38,900 )
V= = V =0.11 ( C A ) (I )(W )
R (T ) 8.5 ( 0.5848 )

V =5,008.45 kN V =0.11 ( 0.44 ) (1)(38,900)

V =1,882.76 kN

Must not be greater than:

2.5 C A (I )(W ) 2.5 ( 0.44 ) ( 1 )( 38,900 )
V= =
R 8.5
V =5,034.118 kN
Thus, use V = 5,008.45 kN
( V −F t ) ( W x hx )
F x=
∑ W i hi

LEVEL HX WX (kN) WXHX (kN) FX (kN)

4 12 8,460 101,520 1,788.08
3 9 10,170 91,520 1,611.95
2 6 10,170 61,020 1,074.75
1 3 10,100 30,300 583.68
Ʃ = 284,360

ACCIDENTAL ECCENTRICITY
M = 1 kN (e) *e = 5% (longest dimension)
= 1 kN (0.05) (38m)
M = 1.9 kN • m

TRANSVERSE
RR 2 2
M ( RR ) d 2
FRAME RR d d RRd 2 TFC
∑ RR d ( ∑ RR d )
1 7 0.091 19 361 2527 0.021 0.112
2 7 0.091 16 256 1792 0.018 0.109
3 7 0.091 12 144 1008 0.014 0.105
4 7 0.091 8 64 448 0.009 0.1
5 7 0.091 4 16 112 0.0045 0.0955
6 7 0.091 0 0 0 0 0.091
7 7 0.091 4 16 112 0.0045 0.0955
8 7 0.091 8 64 448 0.009 0.1
9 7 0.091 12 144 1008 0.014 0.105
10 7 0.091 16 256 1792 0.018 0.109
11 7 0.091 19 361 2527 0.021 0.112
Ʃ = 77 Ʃ=11774

LONGITUDINAL
 RR 2 2
M ( RR ) d 2
FRAME RR d d RRd TFC
∑ RR d ( ∑ RR d 2)
A 11 0.143 11 121 1331 0.056 0.199
B 11 0.143 7 49 539 0.036 0.179
C 11 0.143 4 16 176 0.02 0.163
D 11 0.143 0 0 0 0 0.143
E 11 0.143 4 16 176 0.02 0.163
F 11 0.143 7 49 539 0.036 0.179
G 11 0.143 11 121 1331 0.056 0.199
Ʃ = 77 Ʃ=4092

FRAME 1 & 11
FRAME 3 & 9 LEVEL FX (kN) TFC F (kN)
4 1788.08 0.105 187.748
LEVEL FX (kN) TFC F (kN) 3 1611.95 0.105 169.255
4 1788.08 0.112 200.265 2 1074.75 0.105 110.014
3 1611.95 0.112 180.538 1 533.68 0.105 56.036
2 1074.75 0.112 117.348
1 533.68 0.112 59.772

FRAME 2 & 10 FRAME 4 & 8

LEVEL FX (kN) TFC F (kN) LEVEL FX (kN) TFC F (kN)

4 1788.08 0.109 194.901 4 1788.08 0.1 178.808
3 1611.95 0.109 175.703 3 1611.95 0.1 161.195
2 1074.75 0.109 114.205 2 1074.75 0.1 107.475
1 533.68 0.109 58.171 1 533.68 0.1 53.368

FRAME 5 & 7 FRAME 6

LEVEL FX (kN) TFC F (kN)

4 1788.08 0.0955 170.762
3 1611.95 0.0955 153.941
 LEVEL FX (kN) TFC F (kN)
4 1788.08 0.091 162.715
3 1611.95 0.091 146.627

2 1074.75 0.0955 100.060 2 1074.75 0.091 97.802

1 533.68 0.0955 50.966 1 533.68 0.091 48.565

FRAME A & G FRAME B & F

LEVEL FX (kN) TFC F (kN) LEVEL FX (kN) TFC F (kN)

4 1788.08 0.199 355.828 4 1788.08 0.179 314.485
3 1611.95 0.199 320.778 3 1611.95 0.179 289.321
2 1074.75 0.199 213.875 2 1074.75 0.179 192.202
1 533.68 0.199 106.202 1 533.68 0.179 95.787

FRAME C & E
FRAME D LEVEL FX (kN) TFC F (kN)
4 1788.08 0.143 255.695
LEVEL FX (kN) TFC F (kN)
4 1788.08 0.163 291.457 3 1611.95 0.143 230.509

3 1611.95 0.163 262.748 2 1074.75 0.143 153.689

1 533.68 0.143 76.316
2 1074.75 0.163 175.184
1 533.68 0.163 86.989

MOMENT RESULTS FROM GRASP

 EXTERIOR BEAM INTERIOR BEAM
FLOOR
MIDSPAN SUPPORT MIDSPAN SUPPORT

2ND FLOOR 174.907 -189.160 154.936 -218.739

3RD FLOOR 142.241 -166.09 124.586 -208.02

4TH FLOOR 80.1212 -116.03 78.7893 -166.668

ROOFDECK 28.9271 -63.63 33.6231 -73.0884

Solving for ρB:

0.85 f 'c β 1 600 0.85(28)(0.85) 600

ρ B= = =0.02891
f y (600+ f y ) 414 (600+ 414)

1.4 1.4
ρmin = = =0.00338
f y 414

Solving for ρ:
ρmax =0.75 ρ B=0.75 ( 0.02891 )=0.02168

ρ=0.6 ρB =0.6 ( 0.02891 )=0.01735

So, use ρ=0.01735

Solving for ω:
ρf y 0.01735(414)
ω= '
= =0.25653
f c
28

Solving for ω max :

ρmax f y 0.02168(414 )
ω max= '
= =0.32055
f c
28

DESIGNING FOR EXTERIOR BEAMS:

@ 2ND FLOOR
Mumidspan= 174.907 kN•m
 Musupport= -189.16 kN•m

@ MIDSPAN

Mumidspan= 174.907 kN•m fy= 414 MPa

ρ= 0.01735 f’c= 28 MPa
ω= 0.25653

SOLUTION:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

174.907ˣ106= 0.9(28) (0.25653) bd2 [1-0.59(0.25653)]
bd2= 31881684.16 mm

Assume d= 1.75b d= 1.75(218.351)

b(1.75b)2= 31881684.16 d= 382.11 ≈ 385 mm
b= 218.351 ≈ 280 mm

AS= ρbd
= (0.01735) (218.351) (382.11)
AS= 1447.582 mm2

Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

1447.582
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 2.95 ≈ 3 bars

280−2 ( 50 )−3(25)
S= =52.5 mm>50 mm(OK !)
2

π π
3 [ 4 ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ=3 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )
4
Ӯ= 62.5 mm

D= 385 + 62.5 = 447.5 ≈ 450 mm

dnew= 450 – 62.5= 387.5 mm

INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 3 )=ρ(280)(387.5)
4
ρ= 0.01357 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!
 0.01357( 414)
ω=
28
ω = 0.20064

MU= 0.9(28) (0.20064) (280) (387.5)2 [1-0.59(0.20064)]

MU (capacity) = 187414039.3 N•mm ≈ 187.41 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 174.907 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!

@ SUPPORT
Musupport= -189.16 kN•m fy= 414 MPa
ρmax= 0.02168 f’c= 28 MPa
ωmax= 0.32055

SOLUTION:

Mumax = ϕ f’c ωmax bd2 (1-0.59ωmax)

= 0.9(28) (0.32055) (280) (387.5)2 [1-0.59(0.32055)]
Mumax = 275392396.8 N•mm ≈ 275.39 kN•m > MU (design)

DESIGN AS SINGLY REINFORCED!

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

189.16ˣ106= 0.9(28)ω (280)(387.5)2 (1-0.59ω)
ω = 0.2028

ρ (414)
0.2028= =0.01372
28

AS= ρbd
= (0.01372) (280) (387.5)
AS= 1488.62 mm2

Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

1488.62
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 3.03 ≈ 4 bars

S=280−2 ( 50 )−2(25)=130 mm>50 mm(OK !)

 π π π
4 [ 4 ] [ ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ =2 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )+ 2 ( 25 )2 ( 112.5 )
4 4
Ӯ= 87.5 mm

dnew= 450-87.5= 362.5 mm

INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 4 ) =ρ(280)(362.5)
4
ρ= 0.01934 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!

0.01934(414)
ω=
28
ω = 0.28596

MU= 0.9(28) (0.28596) (280) (362.5)2 [1-0.59(0.28596)]

MU (capacity) = 220408883.7 N•mm ≈ 220.41 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 189.16 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!

@ 3RD FLOOR
Mumidspan= 142.241 kN•m
Musupport= -166.09 kN•m

@ MIDSPAN

Mumidspan= 142.241 kN•m fy= 414 MPa

ρ= 0.01735 f’c= 28 MPa
ω= 0.25653

SOLUTION:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

142.241ˣ106= 0.9(28) (0.25653) bd2 [1-0.59(0.25653)]
bd2= 25927393.62 mm
Assume d= 1.75b d= 1.75(203.81)
b(1.75b)2= 25927393.62 d= 356.67 ≈ 360 mm
b= 203.81 ≈ 280 mm

AS= ρbd
= (0.01735) (203.81) (356.67)
AS= 1261.22 mm2

Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

1261.22
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 2.57 ≈ 3 bars

280−2 ( 50 )−3(25)
S= =52.5 mm>50 mm(OK !)
2

π π
3 [ 4 ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ=3 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )
4
Ӯ= 62.5 mm

D= 360 + 62.5 = 422.5 ≈ 430 mm

dnew= 430 – 62.5= 367.5 mm

INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 3 )=ρ(280)(367.5)
4
ρ= 0.01431 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!

0.01431(414)
ω=
28
ω = 0.21158

MU= 0.9(28) (0.21158) (280) (367.5)2 [1-0.59(0.21158)]

MU (capacity) = 176457126.2 N•mm ≈ 176.46 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 142.241 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!

@ SUPPORT
Musupport= -166.09 kN•m fy= 414 MPa
 ρmax= 0.02168 f’c= 28 MPa
ωmax= 0.32055

SOLUTION:

Mumax = ϕ f’c ωmax bd2 (1-0.59ωmax)

= 0.9(28) (0.32055) (280) (367.5)2 [1-0.59(0.32055)]
Mumax = 247698410.1 N•mm ≈ 247.70 kN•m > MU (design)

DESIGN AS SINGLY REINFORCED!

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

166.09ˣ106= 0.9(28)ω (280)(367.5)2 (1-0.59ω)
ω = 0.19724

ρ(414 )
0.19724= =0.01334
28

AS= ρbd
= (0.01334) (280) (367.5)
AS= 1372.686 mm2

Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

1372.686
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 2.8 ≈ 3 bars

280−2 ( 50 )−3(25)
S= =52.5 mm>50 mm(OK !)
2

π π
3 [ 4 ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ=3 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )
4
Ӯ= 62.5 mm

dnew= 430 – 62.5= 367.5 mm

INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 3 )=ρ(280)(367.5)
4
ρ= 0.01431 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!
 0.01431(414)
ω=
28
ω = 0.21158

MU= 0.9(28) (0.21158) (280) (367.5)2 [1-0.59(0.21158)]

MU (capacity) = 176457126.2 N•mm ≈ 176.46 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 166.09 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!

@ 4TH FLOOR
Mumidspan= 80.1212 kN•m
Musupport= -116.03 kN•m

@ MIDSPAN

Mumidspan= 80.1212 kN•m fy= 414 MPa

ρ= 0.01735 f’c= 28 MPa
ω= 0.25653

SOLUTION:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

80.1212ˣ106= 0.9(28) (0.25653) bd2 [1-0.59(0.25653)]
bd2= 14604325.69 mm

Assume d= 1.75b d= 1.75(168.32)

b(1.75b)2= 14604325.69 d= 294.56 ≈ 310 mm
b= 168.32 ≈ 280 mm

AS= ρbd
= (0.01735) (168.32) (294.56)
AS= 860.22 mm2

Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

860.22
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 1.75 ≈ 2 bars

S=280−2 ( 50 )−2(25)=130 mm>50 mm(OK !)

 π π
2 [ 4 ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ =2 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )
4
Ӯ= 62.5 mm

D= 310 + 62.5 = 372.5 ≈ 390 mm

dnew= 390 – 62.5= 327.5 mm

INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 2 ) =ρ(280)(327.5)
4
ρ= 0.01071 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!

0.01071(414)
ω=
28
ω = 0.15836

MU= 0.9(28) (0.15836) (280) (327.5)2 [1-0.59(0.15836)]

MU (capacity) = 108649283.7 N•mm ≈ 108.65 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 80.1212 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!

@ SUPPORT
Musupport= 116.03 kN•m fy= 414 MPa
ρmax= 0.02168 f’c= 28 MPa
ωmax= 0.32055

SOLUTION:

Mumax = ϕ f’c ωmax bd2 (1-0.59ωmax)

= 0.9(28) (0.32055) (280) (327.5)2 [1-0.59(0.32055)]
Mumax = 196712129.9 N•mm ≈ 196.71 kN•m > MU (design)

DESIGN AS SINGLY REINFORCED!

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

116.03ˣ106= 0.9(28)ω (280)(327.5)2 (1-0.59ω)
ω = 0.17046
 ρ(414)
0.17046= =0.01153
28

AS= ρbd
= (0.01153) (280) (327.5)
AS= 1057.301 mm2

Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

1057.301
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 2.15 ≈ 3 bars

280−2 ( 50 )−3(25)
S= =52.5 mm>50 mm(OK !)
2

π π
3 [ 4 ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ=3 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )
4
Ӯ= 62.5 mm

dnew= 390 – 62.5= 327.5 mm

INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 3 )=ρ(280)(327.5)
4
ρ= 0.01606 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!

0.01606(414)
ω=
28
ω = 0.23746

MU= 0.9(28) (0.23746) (280) (327.5)2 [1-0.59(0.23746)]

MU (capacity) = 154532163.9 N•mm ≈ 154.53 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 116.03 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!

@ ROOFDECK
Mumidspan= 23.9271 kN•m
 Musupport= -63.63 kN•m

@ MIDSPAN

Mumidspan= 28.9271 kN•m fy= 414 MPa

ρ= 0.01735 f’c= 28 MPa
ω= 0.25653

SOLUTION:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

28.9271ˣ106= 0.9(28) (0.25653) bd2 [1-0.59(0.25653)]
bd2= 5272771.621 mm

Assume d= 1.75b d= 1.75(119.85)

b(1.75b)2= 5272771.621 d= 209.7375 ≈ 300 mm
b= 119.85 ≈ 210 mm

AS= ρbd
= (0.01735) (119.85) (209.7375)
AS= 436.13 mm2

Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

436.13
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 0.89 ≈ 2 bars

S=210−2 ( 50 )−2(25)=60 mm>50 mm(OK !)

π π
2 [ 4 ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ =2 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )
4
Ӯ= 62.5 mm

D= 300 + 62.5 = 362.5 ≈ 370 mm

dnew= 370 – 62.5= 307.5 mm

INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 2 ) =ρ(210)(307.5)
4
ρ= 0.01520 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!
 0.01520(414 )
ω=
28
ω = 0.22474

MU= 0.9(28) (0.22474) (210) (307.5)2 [1-0.59(0.22474)]

MU (capacity) = 97546473.28 N•mm ≈ 97.55 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 28.9271 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!

@ SUPPORT
Musupport= -63.63 kN•m fy= 414 MPa
ρmax= 0.02168 f’c= 28 MPa
ωmax= 0.32055

SOLUTION:

Mumax = ϕ f’c ωmax bd2 (1-0.59ωmax)

= 0.9(28) (0.32055) (210) (307.5)2 [1-0.59(0.32055)]
Mumax = 130064877.3 N•mm ≈ 130.06 kN•m > MU (design)
DESIGN AS SINGLY REINFORCED!
Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)
63.63ˣ106= 0.9(28)ω (210)(307.5)2 (1-0.59ω)
ω = 0.13847

ρ(414)
0.13847= =0.00937
28

AS= ρbd
= (0.00937) (210) (307.5)
AS= 605.07 mm2

Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

605.07
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 1.23 ≈ 2 bars

S=210−2 ( 50 )−2(25)=60 mm>50 mm(OK !)

π π
2 [ 4 ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ =2 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )
4
Ӯ= 62.5 mm

dnew= 370 – 62.5= 307.5 mm

INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 2 ) =ρ(210)(307.5)
4
ρ= 0.01520 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!

0.01520(414 )
ω=
28
ω = 0.22474

MU= 0.9(28) (0.22474) (210) (307.5)2 [1-0.59(0.22474)]

MU (capacity) = 97546473.28 N•mm ≈ 97.55 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 63.63 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!

DESIGNING FOR INTERIOR BEAMS:

@ 2ND FLOOR
Mumidspan= 154.936 kN•m
Musupport= -218.739 kN•m

@ MIDSPAN

Mumidspan= 154.936 kN•m fy= 414 MPa

ρ= 0.01735 f’c= 28 MPa
ω= 0.25653

SOLUTION:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

154.936ˣ106= 0.9(28) (0.25653) bd2 [1-0.59(0.25653)]
bd2= 28241411.82 mm

Assume d= 1.75b d= 1.75(209.702)

b(1.75b)2= 28241411.82 d= 366.98 ≈ 370 mm
b= 209.702 ≈ 280 mm
AS= ρbd
= (0.01735) (209.702) (366.98)
AS= 1335.1942 mm2

Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

1335.1942
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 2.72 ≈ 3 bars

280−2 ( 50 )−3(25)
S= =52.5 mm>50 mm(OK !)
2

π π
3 [ 4 ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ=3 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )
4
Ӯ= 62.5 mm

D= 370 + 62.5 = 432.5 ≈ 450 mm

dnew= 450 – 62.5= 387.5 mm

INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 3 )=ρ(280)(387.5)
4
ρ= 0.01357 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!

0.01357( 414)
ω=
28
ω = 0.20064

MU= 0.9(28) (0.20064) (280) (387.5)2 [1-0.59(0.20064)]

MU (capacity) = 187414039.3 N•mm ≈ 187.41 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 174.907 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!

@ SUPPORT
Musupport= -218.739 kN•m fy= 414 MPa
ρmax= 0.02168 f’c= 28 MPa
ωmax= 0.32055

SOLUTION:
 Mumax = ϕ f’c ωmax bd2 (1-0.59ωmax)
= 0.9(28) (0.32055) (280) (387.5)2 [1-0.59(0.32055)]
Mumax = 275392396.8 N•mm ≈ 275.39 kN•m > MU (design)

DESIGN AS SINGLY REINFORCED!

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

218.739ˣ106= 0.9(28)ω (280)(387.5)2 (1-0.59ω)
ω = 0.24061

ρ( 414)
0.24061= =0.01664
28

AS= ρbd
= (0.01664) (280) (387.5)
AS= 1805.44 mm2

Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

1805.44
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 3.68 ≈ 4 bars

S=280−2 ( 50 )−2(25)=130 mm>50 mm(OK !)

π π π
4 [ 4 ] [ ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ =2 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )+ 2 ( 25 )2 ( 112.5 )
4 4
Ӯ= 87.5 mm

dnew= 450-87.5= 362.5 mm

INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 4 ) =ρ(280)(362.5)
4
ρ= 0.01934 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!

0.01934(414)
ω=
28
ω = 0.28596
MU= 0.9(28) (0.28596) (280) (362.5)2 [1-0.59(0.28596)]
MU (capacity) = 220408883.7 N•mm ≈ 220.41 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 218.739 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!

@ 3RD FLOOR
Mumidspan= 124.586 kN•m
Musupport= -208.02 kN•m

@ MIDSPAN

Mumidspan= 124.586 kN•m fy= 414 MPa

ρ= 0.01735 f’c= 28 MPa
ω= 0.25653
SOLUTION:
Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)
124.586ˣ106= 0.9(28) (0.25653) bd2 [1-0.59(0.25653)]
bd2= 22709276.95 mm

Assume d= 1.75b d= 1.75(195.0035)

b(1.75b)2= 22709276.95 d= 341.26 ≈ 380 mm
b= 195.0035 ≈ 280 mm

AS= ρbd
= (0.01735) (195.0035) (341.26)
AS= 1154.589 mm2

Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

1154.589
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 2.35 ≈ 3 bars

280−2 ( 50 )−3(25)
S= =52.5 mm>50 mm(OK !)
2

π π
3 [ 4 ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ=3 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )
4
Ӯ= 62.5 mm
D= 380 + 62.5 = 442.5 ≈ 450 mm
dnew= 450 – 62.5= 387.5 mm

INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 3 )=ρ(280)(387.5)
4
ρ= 0.01357 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!

0.01357( 414)
ω=
28
ω = 0.20064

MU= 0.9(28) (0.20064) (280) (387.5)2 [1-0.59(0.20064)]

MU (capacity) = 187414039.3 N•mm ≈ 187.41 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 124.586 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!
@ SUPPORT
Musupport= -208.02 kN•m fy= 414 MPa
ρmax= 0.02168 f’c= 28 MPa
ωmax= 0.32055

SOLUTION:

Mumax = ϕ f’c ωmax bd2 (1-0.59ωmax)

= 0.9(28) (0.32055) (280) (387.5)2 [1-0.59(0.32055)]
Mumax = 275392396.8 N•mm ≈ 275.39 kN•m > MU (design)

DESIGN AS SINGLY REINFORCED!

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

208.02ˣ106= 0.9(28)ω (280)(387.5)2 (1-0.59ω)
ω = 0.22664

ρ(414 )
0.22664= =0.01533
28

AS= ρbd
= (0.01533) (280) (387.5)
AS= 1663.305 mm2

Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

 1663.305
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 3.39 ≈ 4 bars

S=280−2 ( 50 )−2(25)=130 mm>50 mm(OK !)

π π π
4 [ 4 ] [ ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ =2 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )+ 2 ( 25 )2 ( 112.5 )
4 4
Ӯ= 87.5 mm

dnew= 450-87.5= 362.5 mm

INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 4 ) =ρ(280)(362.5)
4
ρ= 0.01934 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!

0.01934(414)
ω=
28
ω = 0.28596

MU= 0.9(28) (0.28596) (280) (362.5)2 [1-0.59(0.28596)]

MU (capacity) = 220408883.7 N•mm ≈ 220.41 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 208.02 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!

@ 4TH FLOOR
Mumidspan= 78.7893 kN•m
Musupport= -166.668 kN•m

@ MIDSPAN

Mumidspan= 78.7893 kN•m fy= 414 MPa

ρ= 0.01735 f’c= 28 MPa
ω= 0.25653
SOLUTION:
Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)
 78.7893ˣ106= 0.9(28) (0.25653) bd2 [1-0.59(0.25653)]
bd2= 14361549.73 mm

Assume d= 1.75b d= 1.75(167.3819)

b(1.75b)2= 14361549.73 d= 292.918 ≈ 305 mm
b= 167.3819 ≈ 225 mm

AS= ρbd
= (0.01735) (167.3819) (292.918)
AS= 850.656 mm2

Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

850.656
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 1.73 ≈ 2 bars

S=225−2 ( 50 )−2(25)=75 mm>50 mm(OK !)

π π
2 [ 4 ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ =2 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )
4
Ӯ= 62.5 mm

D= 305 + 62.5 = 367.5 ≈ 370 mm

dnew= 370 – 62.5= 307.5 mm

INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 2 ) =ρ(225)(30 7.5)
4
ρ= 0.01419 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!

0.01419(414 )
ω=
28
ω = 0.20981

MU= 0.9(28) (0.20981) (225) (307.5)2 [1-0.59(0.20981)]

MU (capacity) = 98561823.35 N•mm ≈ 98.56 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 78.7893 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!

@ SUPPORT
Musupport= -166.668 kN•m fy= 414 MPa
 ρmax= 0.02168 f’c= 28 MPa
ωmax= 0.32055

SOLUTION:

Mumax = ϕ f’c ωmax bd2 (1-0.59ωmax)

= 0.9(28) (0.32055) (225) (307.5)2 [1-0.59(0.32055)]
Mumax = 139355225.7 N•mm ≈ 139.36 kN•m > MU (design)

MU (max) < MU (design) = 166.668 kN•m

DESIGN AS DOUBLY REINFORCED!

AS1 = 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥bd = 0.02168 (225) (307.5) = 1499.985 mm 2

1499.985
N 1=
π
( 25 )2
4
N 1= 3.06 ≈ 5 bars

MU1 = Mumax = 139.36 kN•m

MU2 = Mu - MU1
MU2 = ∅ AS2 𝑓𝑦 (d – d’)
166.668×106 – 139.36×106 = 0.9 AS2 (414) (307.5 – 62.5)
AS2 = 299.144 mm2
299.144
N 2=
π
( 25 )2
4
N 2= .61 ≈ 2 bars

S=225−2 ( 50 )−2(25)=75 mm>50 mm(OK !)

π π π
5 [ 4 ] [ ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ=3 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 ) +2 ( 25 )2 ( 112.5 )
4 4
Ӯ= 82.5 mm

dnew= 370-82.5= 287.5 mm

Check if compression steel yields,

( c−d ' )
f s=600
c

Where: [C1 = T1]

0.85f’c ab = AS fy a= β 1 c
0.85(28) a (225) = 1499.985 (414) 115.965=0.85c
a= 115.965 mm c= 136.43 mm
 ( c−d ' ) ( 136.43−62.5 )
f s=600 =600 =325.134 MPa , f ' s< fy
c 136.43
(compression steel will not yield)
fy
A ' s= As2
f's
414
A ' s=299.144 =380.906 mm2
325.134
INVESTIGATE:
Assume compression steel yields (f’s=fy)
π
As2= A ' s= ( 25 )2 (2 )=981.748 mm2
4
π π
As1= A s− As2= ( 25 )2 (5 )− ( 25 )2 ( 2 ) =1472.622mm 2
4 4
Solve for a and c:
[C1 = T1]
0.85f’c ab = AS fy a= β 1 c
0.85(28) a (225) = 1472.622 (414) 113.85=0.85c
a= 113.85 mm c= 133.941 mm
Solve for the stress in compression steel
( c−d ' ) ( 133.941−62.5 )
f s=600 =600 =320.026 MPa , f ' s <fy=414 MPa
c 133.941
(compression steel will not yield)
INVESTIGATE:
( c−d ' ) ( c−62.5 )
f s=600 =600
c c
[T1 = C1 + C2]
AS fy = 0.85f’c ab + A ' s f ' s
( c−62.5 )
2454.37(414) = 0.85(28) (0.85c) (225) + 981.748 600
c
c= 148.346 mm
a= β 1 c
148.346=0.85c
c= 126.094mm

( c−d ' ) ( 148.346−62.5 )

f s=600 =600 =347.213 MP a
c 148.346
Solve for Mu:
Mu = MU1 + MU2
= ϕ 0.85 f’c ab (d- a/2) + ϕ A ' sf’s (d-d’)
= 0.9(0.85)(28)(126.094)(225)(307.5-63.047)+0.9(981.748)(347.213)(287.5-62.5)
MU (capacity) = 205429662.9 N•mm ≈ 205.43 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 166.668 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!

@ ROOFDECK
Mumidspan= 33.6231 kN•m
Musupport= -73.0884 kN•m

@ MIDSPAN

Mumidspan= 33.6231 kN•m fy= 414 MPa

ρ= 0.01735 f’c= 28 MPa
ω= 0.25653
SOLUTION:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

33.6231ˣ106= 0.9(28) (0.25653) bd2 [1-0.59(0.25653)]
bd2= 6128748.733 mm

Assume d= 1.75b d= 1.75(126.018)

b(1.75b)2= 6128748.733 d= 220.5315 ≈ 250 mm
b= 126.018 ≈ 210 mm

AS= ρbd
= (0.01735) (126.018) (220.5315)
AS= 482.173 mm2
Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

482.173
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 0.982 ≈ 2 bars
S=210−2 ( 50 )−2(25)=60 mm>50 mm(OK !)

π π
2 [ 4 ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ =2 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )
4
Ӯ= 62.5 mm

D= 250 + 62.5 = 312.5 ≈ 320 mm

dnew= 320 – 62.5= 257.5 mm
INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 2 ) =ρ(210)(257.5)
4
ρ= 0.01816 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!
0.01816(414)
ω=
28
ω = 0.26851

MU= 0.9(28) (0.26851) (210) (257.5)2 [1-0.59(0.26851)]

MU (capacity) = 79292061.37 N•mm ≈ 79.29 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 33.6231 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!

@ SUPPORT
Musupport= -73.0884 kN•m fy= 414 MPa
ρmax= 0.02168 f’c= 28 MPa
ωmax= 0.32055

SOLUTION:

Mumax = ϕ f’c ωmax bd2 (1-0.59ωmax)

= 0.9(28) (0.32055) (210) (257.5)2 [1-0.59(0.32055)]
Mumax = 91206179.1 N•mm ≈ 91.21 kN•m > MU (design)

DESIGN AS SINGLY REINFORCED!

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

73.0884ˣ106= 0.9(28)ω (210)(257.5)2 (1-0.59ω)
ω = 0.24318

ρ( 414)
0.24318= =0.01645
28

AS= ρbd
= (0.01645) (210) (257.5)
AS= 889.53375 mm2

Use 25 mm Ø main bars:

 889.53375
N=
π
( 25 )2
4
N= 1.81 ≈ 2 bars

S=210−2 ( 50 )−2(25)=60 mm>50 mm(OK !)

π π
2 [ 4 ] [ ]
( 25 )2 ӯ =2 ( 25 )2 ( 62.5 )
4
Ӯ= 62.5 mm

dnew= 320-62.5= 257.5 mm

INVESTIGATE:

Mu= ϕ f’c ωbd2 (1-0.59ω)

AS= ρbd
π
( 25 )2 ( 2 ) =ρ(210)(257.5)
4
ρ= 0.01816 (ρmin < ρ < ρmax) OK!

0.01816(414)
ω=
28
ω = 0.26851

MU= 0.9(28) (0.26851) (210) (257.5)2 [1-0.59(0.26851)]

MU (capacity) = 79292061.37 N•mm ≈ 79.29 kN•m

MU (capacity) > MU (design) = 73.0884 kN•m

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE and OK!