Académique Documents
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COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CIVIL DEPARTMENT
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CHAPTER # TWO
CONCRETE BLOCKS
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Concrete Blocks
Nowadays, Concrete blocks are replacing bricks in masonry
construction. They are extensively used for construction of load
bearing wall structures and in partition walls in reinforced concrete
frame works. Concrete blocks are available in three types :
•Solid
•Hollow.
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Advantage of Concrete block compared to brick:
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Disadvantage of concrete Blocks:
1.Shrinkage due to movement of moisture which is absent in bricks.
2.As blocks are much larger in size than bricks, and foundation movement will
cause blocks work to crack more than the brickwork. Hence, the first important
point to remember in block work is that the mortar strength should not be high. It
should not be more than the strength of the blocks. When the mortar has high
strength, the cracks will be few and very large, but with weak mortar, they will be
small and distributed.
3.In construction of blocks, we should use only blocks which have been cured
properly for at least 14 days and dried for 4 weeks. All the initial shrinkages should
have taken place by then. For the same reason we do not wet the blocks (as in case
of bricks) when we place them for masonry construction.
4.Ordinary unreinforced block work in walls is very weak for resisting lateral loads
that are caused due to expansion of roof or due to earthquake. Otherwise we have to
introduce reinforcements to take care of these lateral loads.
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Manufacturing of Concrete Blocks:
The concrete mix for concrete blocks shall not be richer than one part of
cement to six parts of volume of combined aggregate. Lean mixes up to (1:8-
1:12) also commonly used.
Coarse aggregate of size 6 to 12 mm is generally used. 60 % fine aggregate,
40% coarse aggregate is the recommended mix .
Hand-made or Machine made, Cured for 14 days and dried for a period of 4
weeks before being used in the work. Freshly made and uncured concrete
blocks should not be used.
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Blocks: Are known as light-weight concrete
blocks. They are prepared as solid blocks from cement, water and materials
like ground-sand, pulverized fly-ash together with additives to aerated and
stabilize the air bubbles. Is used for partitions and sometimes in light load
bearing walls.
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Testing of Blocks: