Suffix or prefix Meaning Function Examples

1. ful Lleno/ completo Forma adj de Pain – dolor Painful-doloroso

sustantivos Care- cuidado careful- cuidados
Hope-hopeful
Will-willful voluntarioso
Mercy-merciful misericordioso

Habito,inclinacion Adj from verbs Forget- forgetful olvidadizo

Use-useful util
Help- ayudar helpful - servicial

Equivalente aveces a ado Nouns from nouns Hand- handful

ada. medida Spoon-spoonful
Cup-cupful
2. hood Child-childhood
3. -or (si termina A person who Nous from verbs Collect-collector
en t) Visit-visitor
Conquer conquistar-conqueror conquistador
Invent-inventor
Sail-sailor
Advise aconcejar-advisor consejero
4. -er  A person who Nous from verbs Employ-employer
Supply-supllier
Perform-performer
Discover-discoverer
Farm-farmer
Manage dirigir-manager
Play-player
Speak-speaker

 El residente de un Nouns from nouns London-Londoner

lugar New York- new Yorker
Island-islander

 A person who is Nous from nouns Law-lawyer

active in the field Writing-writer
of
5. -ist  A person who Nous from verbs Type-typist- mecanógrafa
Tour-tourist
 A person who is Nous from nouns Biology-biologist
active in the field Chemistry-chemist
of Physics-physicist
Economics-economist
Dentistry-dentist
Optometry-optometrist
Geology-geologist
6. -ent A person who Nous from verbs Depend-dependent
Reside-resident

7. -ian A person who is active in Nous from nouns Music-musician

the field of Statistics-statistician

8. -eon A person who is active in Nous from nouns Surgery-surgeon

the field of
9. -eer A person who is active in Nous from nouns Engineering-engineer
the field of Auctioning-auctioneer
Auction(verb) subasta
10. Super-  Nous from Man-supeman
 nous Market-supermarket
superset,
superimposition, superpowers
 Verbs from Saturate Super-saturate
verbs
 Adjectives Fluid super-fluid
from
adjectives
11. Con-  Verbs
 Nouns
 Verbs

12. -ly Adverbs from

adjectives
13. -tion Nouns from verbs Describe- description
Recognize- recognition
Reduce-reduction
Solve-solution
Destroy- destruction
Pronounce-pronunciation
Misconceive-misconception
Explain-explanation
Intend-intention
Conceive-conception

14. -sion Extend-extension

Suspect-suspicion
Decide-decision
Explode-explosion
Omit-omision
Admit-admision
Collide-collision
Comprehend-comprenhension
Confuse- confusion
Depress-depresion
15. -en Verbs from adjectives
16. -dom Dominio, Nouns from nouns King- kingdom
jurisdiccion,estado, Matyr-martyrdom martirio
condicion etc. Bore-boredom
Free-freedom
17. -ee Persona que recibe una Nouns from verbs Adress-adressee
acción Employ-employee
18. -en  Terminación del Fall-fallen
participio de Broke-broken
muchos verbos Shake- shaken
irregulares
 Hecho de Adjectives from nouns Gold-golden
Wood-wooden
Lead-leaden de plomo
Wool-woolen
 hacer Verbs from nouns White-whiten
Dark-darken
Deep-deepen
Black-blacken
Weak-weaken
Hard-harden
19. -ess Forma el género femenino Prince-princess
de ciertos sustantivos Count conde- countess
 God-doddess
sculptress - escultora 
stewardess  - azafata 
waitress camarera
Nouns from verbs Accede-access
Succeed-success
20. -fold Veces Twofold
Hundredfold
21. -ie diminutivo Bird-birdie
Anni-annie
Cute mono- cutie

22. Ing Gerundio running

Participio activo surprising
sorprendente

23. -ish semejanza Adjective from nouns Boyish- como niño, aniñado
Womanish
Blackish
Greenish
Whitish

24. -less Sin, falto de Adj from nouns Child-childless sin hijos
In- Penny centavo- penniless sin un sentavo
Count-countless innumerable
Endless- interminable
25. -like Semejanza, como , a Adj from nouns Lifelike realista
manera de Childlike infantil
Doglike como perro
26. -ly Adverbs from adj Slowly
Happily
Possibly
Como a manera de Adj from nouns Friend- friendly amigable
Mother-motherly maternal
Manly varonil
Gentlemanly caballeresco
27. Ness Se usa para sustantivos Nouns from adjc Good- goodness bondad
abstractos Dark-darnesskness
Foolishness- tonteria
Shamelessness- desverguenza
28. -ship Nouns from nouns Friend- friendship
Para formar sustantivos Relation-relationship
abstractos
Arte o destreza Horseman jinete- horsemanship equitacion
Dignidad,oficio,cargo titulo Nouns from nouns Professorship, profesorado
Chairmanship.presidente- presidencia
Lordship- señoria
29. -some Cualidad de la palabra que Nouns from verbs Tire-tiresome que cansa fatigante
se añade Quarrel discutir- quarrelsome vombativo
30. -th Para formar números Fifth
ordinales Tenth
Width
Truth
health
31. -ty Sustantivos abstractos (- Paternity
tad -dad) Falsity
32. -ward Hacia Homeward- a casa
-wards Downward hacia abajo
33. -ways Manera,dirección,posicion Adj from nouns Edgewise-por el borde, por el costado
-wise Sideways por el lado
Lengthwise a lo largo
34. -y Equivale a (-ia) en español Victory
Glory
Courtesy
Biology
astronomy

diminutivo Doggy
Jhonny
Abundancia (-udo –oso Adj from nouns Rocky- rocoso
-ado) Rainy- lluvioso
Hairy- peludo
Bulky- voluminoso
Wavy. Ondulado
Angry
35. -ance Nouns from verbs Maintain-mantenance
-ence Disobey- disobedience
est Nouns from verbs Conquer-conquest

Prefix Meaning funtion Examples

re- Volver a hacer Verbs from verbs restructure, revisit, reappear, rebuild, refinance, reconsider, recount,
recover, reelect, reform,refill, remove, reopen, resell
Nouns from nouns reorganisation, reassessment, reexamination, reaccion
dis-  Opuesto al Verbs from verbs disappear, disallow, disarm, disconnect, discontinue. Dislike, disagree,
significado disobey, dissapoint, disapprove, disbelieve, discourage, disfigure
del verbo
 Opuesto al Nouns from nouns discomfort, dislike, disagreement
noun

 Adj from adj dishonest, disagreable, discourteous

over- Hacer mucho ej Verbs from verbs overbook, oversleep, overwork
dormir
mucho,trabajar
demasiado
Nouns from nouns Oversized, oversensitive, overenthusiastic, overdone, overcrowded
un- Opuesto al significado Verbs from verbs Unbend desdoblar, uncouple desacoplar, unfasten
del verbo
mis- Hacerlo mal Verbs from verbs mislead, misinform, misidentify
out- Mejor que otros Verbs from verbs Outperform conseguir mejores resultados, outbid

Nouns from nouns

de- Sub, de, negativo Verbs from verbs devalue, deselect
pre- Hacer algo previo Verbs from verbs pre-expose, prejudge, pretest
trans- Trams Verbs from verbs transform, transcribe, transplant

under Verbs from verbs underfund, undersell, undervalue, underdevelop

-
Prefix Meaning Funtion Examples
anti- Lo contratio Nouns from anticlimax, antithesis
nouns
auto- A uno mismo Nouns from autobiography, automobile
nouns
bi- Dos Nouns from bilingualism, biculturalism, bi-metalism
nouns
counter Contra Nouns from counter-argument, counter-example, counter-proposal
- nouns
hyper- Mucho demasiado Nouns from hyperinflation, hypersurface, hyperactive, hipermarket,
nouns hypersensitive, hypersonic
in- Lo contrario al Nouns from nouns inattention, incoherence, incompatibility
sustantivo
kilo- Kilo Nouns from nouns Kilobyte
Kilometer
Kilogram
Kilowat
Kilocalorie
mal- Malo Nouns from nouns malfunction, maltreatment, malnutrition
mis- Malo Nouns from nouns misconduct, misdeed, mismanagement
mini- Pequeñp Nouns from nouns mini-publication, mini-theory
mono- Uno Nouns from nouns monosyllable, monograph, monogamy
neo- Nuevo Nouns from nouns neo-colonialism, neo-impressionism
poly- Muchos Nouns from nouns Polysyllable, polytechnique, polyglot,
semi- Medio Nouns from nouns semicircle, semi-darkness, semifinal, semiconscious, semisweet,
semiautomatic, semidetached,
Basic Suffix Spelling Rules
Suffixes are added to the end of words to make new words. There are two types of suffixes: vowel and consonant. Vowel suffixes
include endings such as -ed, -er,-es, -end, and -ing. Consonant suffixes include endings such as -s, -less, -ness, -ment, and -ly.
The following are the basic rules of using suffixes in the English language.
Rule 1: Double the Consonant
When a word ends in a short vowel sound and a single consonant, you double the last letter. Examples of this rule are:

 Fat + er = Fatter
 Flip + ed = flipped
 Mud + y = muddy
 Shop + ed = shopped
 Swim + ing = swimming
When a word has more than one syllable and ends with the letter "l" you will double the "l" when adding the suffix. Examples
include:

 Cancel + ed = cancelled
 Control + ed = controlled
 Propel + er = propeller
 Compel + ing = compelling
 Fulfil + ment = fulfillment
Keep in mind that the doubling rule does not apply if the word ends in "w," "x" or "y."
Rule 2: Drop the Final E
When a word ends in a silent letter "e," drop that final "e" if the suffix you are using begins with a vowel. Examples of this rule are:

 Drive + ing = driving

 Hope + ing = hoping
 Make + er = maker
 Adore + able = adorable
 Use + er = user
Rule 3: Keep the Final E
When the word ends in the letters "ce" or "ge," you will keep the final "e" if the suffix begins with the letters "a" or "o." Examples of
this rule are:

 Advantage + ous = advantageous

 Change + able = changeable
 Courage + ous = courageous
 Service + able = serviceable
 Notice + able = noticeable
You will also keep the final "e" in the following examples:

 Like + able = likeable

 Size + able = sizeable
 Care + ful = careful
 Use + ful = useful
 Peace + ful = peaceful
Remember to keep the "e" if using the suffix -ly. For example:

 Late + ly = lately
 Rare + ly = rarely
 Love + ly = lovely
 Home + ly = homely
 Definite + ly = definitely
Lastly, you will also keep the "e" at the end of the word if it ends in "ee" or "ye." Examples include:

 Agree + ing = agreeing

 Decree + ing = decreeing
  Eye + ing = eyeing
 Foresee + ing = foreseeing
 See + ing = seeing
Rule 4: Keep the Y
When the word ends with "y" and has a vowel before it you keep the "y." Examples of this rule are:

 Boy + s = boys
 Enjoy + ed = enjoyed
 Play + ing = playing
 Buy + er = buyer
 Joy + ful = joyful
Exceptions to this rule are:

 Pay + ed = paid
 Say + ed = said
Another time to keep the "y" is if the suffix starts with the letter "i." You cannot have two i's in a row. Examples of this rule are:

 Worry + ing = worrying

 Copy + ing = copying
 Carry + ing = carrying
 Supply + ing = supplying
 Marry + ing = marrying
Rule 5: Change the Y to an I
When the word has a consonant before the "y," you will change the "y" to a letter "i," then add the suffix. Examples of this rule are:

 Beauty + ful = beautiful

 Baby + s = babies
 Army + s = armies
 Duty + ful = dutiful
 Happy + ness = happiness
Keep in mind that there are exceptions to this rule, such as:

 Dry + er = dryer
 Baby + hood = babyhood
 Lady + ship = ladyship
Rule 6: Changing IE to Y
When a word ends in "ie," change the ending to a "y" when you add the suffix -ing. Examples of this rule are:

 Die + ing = dying

 Tie + ing = tying
 Untie + ing = untying
 Lie + ing = lying
 Vie + ing = vying