Instructor's Manual

with Transparency Masters for

Microelectronic CIRCUITS

FIFTH EDITION

Adel S. Sedra Univers ity of Waterloo

Kenneth C. Smith University of Toronto

New York Oxford

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2004

Oxford University Press

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ISBN 0-19-517268-X

Cover Illustration: The chip shown is an inside view of a mass-produced surface-micromachined gyroscope system, integrated on a 3mm by 3mm die, and using a standard 3 - fun 2- V BiCMOS process suited for the harsh automotive environment This first single-chip gyroscopic sensor, in which micro-mechanical and electronic components are intimately entwined on the same chip, provides unprecedented performance through the use of a collection of precision-directed techniques, including emphasis on differential operation (both mechanically and electronically) bolstered bytrimmable thin-film resistive components. This tiny. robust, low-power, angular-rate-to-voltage transducer, having a sensitivity of) 2.5111 V /0 /s and resolution of O.OI5"/s (or SOo/hour), has a myriad of applications-including automotive skid control and rollover detection, dead reckoning for GPS backup and robot motion control. and camera-field stabilization. The complete gyroscope package, weighing 1/3 gram with a volume of 1/6 cubic centimeter, uses 30mW from a 5-V supply. Source: John A. Geen, Steven J. Sherman, John F. Chang, Stephen R. Lewis; Single-chip surface micromachined integrated Gyroscope with 500/h Allan deviation, IEEE Journal of SolidState Circuits. vol, 37. pp. 1860 - 1866, December 2002. (Originally presented at ISSCC 2002.) Photographed by John Chang, provided by John Geen, both of Analog Devices, Micromachine Products Division, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Printing number' 987654 3 2 I

Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper

CHAPTER 1-EXERCISES

1.3 f = 1. = _1_ = 1000 Hz T 10-3

W= 21!f = 21!X 103 rad/s

1.4 (a) T = l = _!_ s = 16.7 ms f 60

(b)

T=l=_I_= lO00s f 10-3

1 I

T = - = - s = I p,s

f 106

(c)

T 2

1.6 P= ~f~ dt

o

1 V2 V2

=-x-xT=-

T R R

Alternatively,

P=PI +P3+P5+····

= (~)2 l + (~)2 l + (~)21. + ....

Jh R 3J21! R 5J21! R

= V2 X !_ X (1 + ! + .L + .L + .... )

R 1!2 9 25 49

It can be shown by direct calculation that the infinite series in the parentheses has a sum that approaches i/8; thus P becomes V2/R as found from direct calculation.

Fraction of energy in fundamental = 8/ rr? = 0.81 Fraction of energy in first five harmonics

= !_(1 +! + _!_) = 0.93

1!2 9 25

Fraction of energy in first nine harmonics

= ~(1 + ~ + 215 + ;9 + 8\) = 0.96

Note that 90% of the energy of the square wave is in the first three harmonics; that is, in the fundamental and the third harmonic.

1.7 (a) D can represent 15 distinct values between 0 and + 15 V. Thus,

VA =0 V =* D = 0000
vA= I V =* D =0001
VA = 2 V =* D = 0010
VA = 15 V =* D=llll (b) (i) +1 V (ii) +2 V (iii) +4 V (iv) +8 V

(c) The closest discrete value represented by Dis 5 V; thus D = 0101. The error is -0.2 V or -0.2/5.2 x 100 = -4%.

1.8 Voltage gain = 20 log 100 = 40 dB Current gain = 20 log 1000 = 60 dB Power gain = 10 log Ap = 10 log (AvA;) = 10 log 105 = 50 dB

1.9 Pdc=15x8=120mW

PL = (6/J2 )2 = 18 mW

1

P dissipated = 120 - 18 = 102 m W

PL 18

1]= -x 100=-x 100= 15%

Pdt 120

1.10 Refer to Example 1.4

-11 4Ov{ va=10-10 e

Let VI = V I + Vi and vo = Va + Vo = 5 + Vo Thus,

_II 40VJ 40lJj 5+vo=IO-1O e e

= 1O_5e40v,

40.· Vo = 5 - 5e '

(1)

For Vi = I mY:

(a) Using the small-signal gain of -200 VN, VO = -200 x l mV = -0.2 V

(b) Using Eq. (1) above

Vo = 5 - 5e40xO.OOI = -0.204 V For Vi = 5 mY:

(a) Small-signal approx. =* Vo = -200 x 5 = -I V. (b) Transfer characteristic =* Vo = 5 _ 5e40xO.OO5 = -1.107 V.

For Vi = 10 mY:

(a) Small-signal approx. =* Vo = -200 x 10 = -2 V. (b) Transfer characteristic =* Vo = 5 - 5e40XO.OI = -2.459 V.

111 10-5

• Vo = I x --- = 10 V = 10 p,V

106 + 10

PL = v2 / RL = (10 X 10-6)2 = 10-11 W

o 10

With the buffer amplifier:

v = Ix~xA x~

o Rj+R, vo RL+Ro

= 1 x _1_ x 1 x _1_0_ = 0.25 V

1+1 10+10

v~ 0.252

PL = - = -- = 6.25 mW

RL 10

V I . Vo 0.25 V 025 VN

o tage gam = - = -_ = .

v, 1 V

= -12 dB

Power gain (Ap) == PL

Pj

where PL = 6.25 mW and Pj = V;ij,

o, = 0.5 V and i, = 1 V = 0.5 J1A

1 MQ+ 1 MQ

Thus,

Pj = 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.25 J1W

and,

A = 6.25 X 10-3 = 25 X 103

p 0.25 X 10-6

10 log Ap = 44 dB

1.12 Open-circuit (no load) output voltage = Av Vj

Output voltage with load connected 0

RL =A v·-_ Vo I RL + R;

0.8 = _1 - => R; = 0.25 kQ = 250 Q Ro+ 1

1.13 Avo = 40 dB = 100 VN

PL = v~ = (A V.~)2 IRL

RL Vo 'RL +Ro I

= v2 x (100 X _1_)2/1000 = 2.5v2

I 1 + 1 I I

2 2

P, = "!2 = _V_j _

I R, 10,000

A == PL = 2.5v; = 2.5 x 104 WfW

p P, 10-4 2

I Vi

10 log Ap = 44 dB

1.17 i,

-

"fl1

-= -= -=

. . R,

1·=1-I 'R,+Rj

i = A i~ = A i ___!!y_ ~

o IS 'RO+RL IS'R,+RjRo+RL

Thus,

+

Thus,

1.20

~B

From node equation at E

+

v. _

G

Vb = ibr,,+ (/3+ l)ibRe = ib[r,,+ (/3+ l)Rel

1.21

Gain (dB)

..,---60

40

0
10 10' 10' 10' 10' 10' !(Hz)
t
3dB
frequency f

10 Hz 10 kHz 100kHz 1 MHz

Gain 60 dB 40 dB 20 dB o dB

1.22

+

Thus,

which is of the STC LP type.

DCgain==~~ 100 ..!..+..!..

s, RL

..!.. +..!.. :;; Gm == J.Q. == 0.1 mAN s, RL 100 100

..!..:;; 0.1 -..!.. == 0.08 mAN

RL 50

RL~_I- kQ == 12.5 kQ 0.08

COo == J...("!" +..!..) ~ 2Jrx 100 kHz CL s, RL

(_1-3+ I 3)

CL:;; 50 x 10 12.5 x 10 == 159.2 pF

2Jr x 105

1.23 Refer to Fig. EI.23

V 2 == Ri = _R_i ~s--:-_

Vs R+J...+R. Rs+RiS+ _

s sC' C(Rs+R,)

which is a HP STC function.

I

IJdB = s 100 Hz

2JrC(Rs + R;)

C ~ I = 0.16 I1F

2Jr(l + 9) 103 X 100

1.24 From Fig. 1.31(b): VOH= Voo = 5 V

F F· 13) V Voo- Voffset

rom ig .. I(c: VOL = offset + Ron

s-:«;

5 -0.1

VOL = 0.1 + I + 0.1 x 0.1 = 0.55 V

NM H = V Off - V lH = 5 - 1.2 = 3.8 V NML == V1L - VOL = 0.8 - 0.55 == 0.25 V

The inverter dissipates power in only one state: when the output is low. The power dissipated in this state is

p = V 00 x V 00 - V offset = 5 x 5 - 0.1 == 22.3 m W

R + Ron 1 + 0.1

Thus, the average power dissipation is

Po=~P= 11.1 mW

1.25 P D = IC V;>D

=50x 1Q6x2x 1O-12x52=2.5mW

Cho..pte.r .2- Exerc.ises

!he minj",CM'I" n~e.r of +e.r"'\II\0.15 r~v.ire.d by 0. sin!)le op o.no-p is filfe.: two inp""'+ ~e.rrn;no.ls. one. o,,",Tp""'+ i"e.,.".\lno.l,one +er.....it'O-l ~o,. p05ifilfe power su.pply o.nd one +er,..·,,, ... 1 fo,. ne,9o.+ive power su..pply.

"The mini",u.,... nu. .... be,. o.f +e.,......·1(\0.15 ~u:lred by 0. ~~ op CU'np is • .Jot: eo-c.h opc.,.,.p

.. e,.~,.e~ +wo inpu..+ +e.,.",i(\o.ls o.nd one o..d"pc.d" -te,..,.,.ino.l (o.c:c.o~;~ for 1:1. +e.r~,no.I5 .for the fou..r op Q..r¥\ps). 1:n oc:Wi+ion,+he .fo.....,..

op o.rt\p c.Q.I\ 0.11 sh.o.re one. +&,. ..... ·,,, .... 1 for po5i+ilfe. power s""'Pply c:u'\d one +e.r",;no.l for n~o.+ive. power 5u..pP'y.

1:),,2

We )c.now +ho.+ "'3= A ("._v,) o.nc:l A:.looo. -rhe.re.fore. ..

~ VI::' J."..v, vx .. = "l._vl = 0 ... J."..v~v%4= ... 'l. ... v "% ..... = l (VI +v3.) =-i( 0 - ~ .... v) = -I ronV

(b) v, = ":J,.- "'3::. 5_.::..!..2...= 5.01 Y

A 1000

Y~::: "'.1-VI::' 15_ S.OI ::. 0.01 v:=. 10 ..... v

v = .L (v, +"3.) =..!... (5.01+5) = 5.005 v= 50V

Xc.- :l. l-

"X" = vl._v,": 0 .QQI-I. oe a = ;f1.,.,.v

"':1, ... = i (v,+V3.)= .i (1.00')..+ o.~q'a)= I V

V:to! = "._V, =- - 3.60"36 -(-"3.6)= _0.00"36v:.- "3.6 ... '1 \lXc ... = ;_ (v,+v.1}=-3.60.t'v~_3.E.'"

1=,.0 ..... Fi'3,,"-,"e E:1..3 we. ho.ve: "3=-J"Vd ~d Vd= (G ... v.1- G ... v,)R:=. G_R(v~_v,) ihe.re+Ore :

"'~=r G ... R(v:a.-V,)

Iho.+ is +he. open-loop c;,o..in of fhe. op o.""p is A=)"G ... R. For G ... ::.IOrnR/v, R=-Iok..n. o.nc:l J" = 100 we. h""\le.:

A = 100 " 10" '0 =- 10 .... "/,, or e,_ .... ,lfoJenHy 'lode.

1"he. ~cMn ~cl inp"'+ re.sis-ho..nc:e. of. +he. inve.r+in,::, ~p'i.f.ie.r c.irc. ..... :'+ shown in R9wo.'l.1!» o-re. _~ o.nc:l RI re.~pe.c;.+ively.-rr.ere.fo,..e.we.

~I howe:

RI =- '00 K..l\... o.nd _ RJ,. =- _'0 ~ R:a.=-IORI R.

1l\145 :

R:a.=- IO.'oo!c:J'\.. = I M..n..

Fro", To-ble I.' we. hc..ve:

R - vo \

..... --

l.; ·t.::.o , l.e, owctp ... t i. ope." c.;,.c.":'+

the I'\~"""+;vt. inplA.t ter""'·lno.l of. +he. op OJOoB i.e..,"; is 0. v;"+",,,,"1 3ro"""d.+h ..... S "i:.o

Vo=v;_Ri;= o_Rii=-Ri;

R ... = ~o 1= -~i: =-R :::;,-R~:._R=_lolc..n.

t·· r:

· ,.:.0 ·

R j = ~,' ~d vi is. 0. vir+IAOoI ~ro"",d (vi ::'0) I 1 i

+h"",s Rj=..2... = 0 ~ R;:o..n.. ij

Sinc.e. we. ...... e. o..ss ........ ;nj -tn_+ +he. op ~p;n -tnis -trCU"sras',sfOJ\c;e o-rnpli.f;er is ideD-I,the op C)oI'np ho-S ~ o~pu;t r e.sis~nc:.e.. o.nd +he.teh:,re,. +he. o""ip~+ resisf.o.nce. of +his -tro.r6resisf1:,..nce. Ql\o\plihe..r is cJso ~o.-n:"o:t is Ro=o..n...

Con"e.ch'n_' -the. :5i.jl'\o.l so ...... ca shown in F.!)uJ"e. E,:l..5 +0 +he.. il'\p~t of +his C1oorftplifie.r

we. ha..ve:

R=lo ... .n..

v; is 0. vir+u....1 !':Jro .... nd +ho.+ is V; ::.o,fhu..s +he. c.,...rren+ ~Iowin_j -K.ro~h +he.. 10 ".n..

re~s-h:oY" c:..onne..c+e.d be+we.e.o Vi o.nd ~r-...d is ~e..ro. ihe.re..+O .... e.

Vo=Vi- R ... 0.S ...... A::.o-IO"',.0.S ..... A=_5v

IV

V, is Q, vi r: t~f ~ro"""d, thu..s i,=~:, 1_0 =' .... A

R I '",Jl..

v.=OV

Ass"",",,',~ o..n ide.a..1 op ~p, -the. c.....rre..n-f flowil'\j info +he. n~o-+-ive in\,u..+ flu'rn·'I'Q.I of ~e. opo.""P 'I~ ~o.lhe.re..fore., i~=i., ~

iz.= ' ...... A

"0= v, _ i1.R~::. 0_ I ...... A)( IOJ(.n...::.. _IOV

i =::!.2-=~=_IOrnA

... R... \ "n...

vol+oae. !3o..in::. .:!..2_ = ~::.. _'0 Vlv or .l.odB

Iv I V

c.c.o.rre..n+ ~Wl'\:' ~ ::::. _10 no'" :._10 AlA or ;u,da

" I",.f\

. _ p,- _10".(-10 ... ",) I oow/,-, 01" ""'~dmL

POWe.t" ~c.,n __ .:. "::.,"" .-IN 10

Pi I "alMA

Note.+ho.f powe.r~o-in i" dB is ,o~ \..5:....1.

'0 PI'

For the c:.irc.u..;+ shown Q,bove. we. ho.ve..:

Vo=- (~VI + ~V~)

R, R'1.

5inc.e. it- is re'_"";re.d tha..+ vo=-(V.+SV;l)' we wo..n+ +0 ho..ve.:

R.f = I R.

I+- is 0.150 desirc.d +ho.+ +Or Q, rnO"l<irnl4 ..... o .... +p"'+ vol+o..~ of 10V +he. c:.......-ren+ in -the. .fee.dbo..c.k. nuis+Or dOe.5 not e~c..ea.d I ~A.

"lhe.re:fore. ~ ~ I ,""A _ R ~.!.2!. ~

R+ " --r + r , .... f\

R+). 10 Ic..n. Le+ ",5 choose. R$: +0 be.. 10 ".A..1 +he.n R,::::. R+ = 10 Jc..n.. (It.ncl R.1.= ~ =.2.Jc.n. 5

CaNT.

Vo= (R .. )( ~ )v, .... (.&.)( .&.)Vl.- (Rc. )V3

R. R... R,_ Rio R.,

We ""0.,,+ .n, de.5;~" #te. e.irc.u-a .. s",-,h *,0..+ vo:::' 2v,+v~_~ '13

'1h""s. we. need +00 he-ve

( ~)(.&..)= 2.. t ( ROo )( .&.)::.1 o.nd .&:.=~

R. Rb R:a. Ro... R.,

FrOo", the p..bOove -three a.,.u..o:hOor.s, we. heLve +0 find six u.nk:.nown r-esis+or 5, Therefore, we. e..,.,.. o.rbi~nly choose. Three 0+ +he.se resis+ors. Le+ u..s c.hoOose: R ... :::.R ... = Rc.=,-IO~.n. 1hen we. ho.ve.

R3= ':.c. = '~ =- :l..S~.n.

Usin,j -the. ~u.perposH;on prin~'ple.., +00 ~nd +he. Gon+r·.b .... +ion of v, +0 +he ou..+pud- vol~e. '10, we. se.t Vl.='-O.

ql.:.n.

".

,

V:l 3"n..

!hen '1+ (+he vo'+o.~e 0.+ +he. posi+ive. inp .... t

00+ ~c. op o-w-np is: V+ = ~ V, = 0.(.'1,

.l- .... 3

To find the. e.on+ribu-+ion of '13, +0 the. ov.+pv.+ vOoIttJ..je. '10 we 5&." VI = o.

~e." V +=~ '13,::' 0 . ....,"1-

~+"3

I~·IO

V~_-.,-t..l' ..... ~ I _,,_-.-,

? ... ~

U ... in~ +he. s .... pe.rposi+ion princ.ip1e,+o .find

+he co"+ribu..+ion of v. 1-0 va we. se:+ ",,::-v .. =-o ""The.n we ho.ve. (r-e:Fe.r +0 +he 5OoI .... +i 0 n of e)C.e.rc.ise. ~.~): '10=.6'1,

To f.ind the. c.on+ribu- ... ion of '13, +0 Vo we. se.+ '1,:,"3",0, +hen: VQ:=~V1.

'-0 .J:ind the c:.o~·1 b .... +ion of v., +0 Vo we.

se.+ v.=v:a._o, +h.e..t\1 vo=- ~"3",-qv!a

, ~..n...

Co""bi,,·,n!:J +he. c.orrt-r·,b,,"-+ions o-F v" va..o.nd "'5 +0 '10 we.. ho..ve: '10= 6v,+..l.tVl.-qv~

I :l...11

R~ i

,

'10

+ I

V .. ::. I + ~:. 2.. ~ ~::. I ~ R,::.R"1o

Vi ~I ~I

:I.,f vo= 10V -then i+ is desired tho..+ i:.I0J'A. 1k1.A.5, l= ~-IOJ"F\ ~ R,-t-Rl.::'~

R,-t-R1. 10,..R

R,+Rl.::' IM~ o..nd R,=R.2.====>" R,=Rl.=o.5M~

(a.)

v -R(V _V)~ v =v .. _ Yo

0- %. - -r - ... A

C.oNT.

" _ " _ vo-v __ v Vo _ (' + ' )"

1.- ,--yo - -~ -- - - ..

R~ R, ~~ RJ. R, _

(b) For R,:::IIc:..n.. ~d R3,.=-c:t!t: .. .n.., +he.ide.o.l vc.I'"'-e. for +he. c.losec:l_loop 5o.in ;5 ,+..9..., I +hc,..+ is IO.lhe Q,.c.~1 c.lose.d_loop 3o..ln

,s G::._l2-

I +J.2.

A

If A:IO'3 +he.n G::. ~."Ol o.r\d

G.-'O °1·Z

€::. 11.100 :::._O.qq =: _ ,

10 o.

For vx=- Iv. "0= G."I:.q·~OI V o.nd

Vo= A(,,+_V_) ~ v+_v_=- ~:::.~~~.Cf"",

A 1000

...

I+ ':\=-'0 +hen

For "1::: l v , Vo=G .. v-;t= q .qq v , ~e.fore.. v+_ v_ ::. ~ =. ~::. O.qqq ntoV = I ..... v

A 10'"

I,f A = IO~ +he.n G =- q .Q9Q ~nd e:.-o.o,/o For V:r.=lv, Vo::.GllVx=ClI.qqctv,+h",,'$, V+_ v: = V,.: = ., .ct9" ::; o.oQCf"q ,..v ~o. ,,...V

r"1 105

J 2.13

i:x.=OA» V,:.Vx=IV. ;,=- ~=~::.I",R I Ic.l\.. I ",.n..

i 1.::' i I = 1 rnA. "o:=' V, + i:a."q Ie. ~:.I +' ,," ::. 10'1

• VO 10V _ ".

'1-=--::' -- 10 ...... Fl,'O .... 'I- ... '3,.=II""'R

11r...n.. I Jo:.A-

:!2..= 10'1 :: IO~ or .:l..Ode»

"i I V V

P", ::. V01l. 'I- ::: 10_ '0 = 00

Px '1"1,,1 i I )C 0

(0.) IOQ.d vo'-h;,.~e. = ' ",.n.. l( 1 V ~ I ..... v

, Jc..A+IMA

R, =R?>= z, "-A, R:z.=- R ... = .J-oo~.n.. Sinc:.e.. R ... / R'3= ~;:a. /R, we. her-ve.:

_ R3,. =- ~= 100 '11'1

Po, ~

(b) Rid=-:l. R, =. ~ _ 2.1r...l\. = ..tt Jc:.,O_

Sil"'Ce. we ... ..-e o.ssc..u-ni".,j +he op CU""p is i de.o..l Ro =- OA.

.!3:!:L _ R 1- _ P.." 6,

~+,

F-'3

ihe. wors+ co.se. c.o ...... rnon- ..... ode. ~c.i,. A, ...

ho.ppe.ns whe.nIA, ... l ha.s i+s ~"')ti",~"'v(1.I",~. ~f +he. resis+ors h",ve II. +ole.rQ.f\ce., we.

o

ko.ve R""no ... (I-O.OI)~~(... R""no,..(I+O.O') R~,,_('+O.OI)' ~.,. .... R.~no ... (I-O.O')

c:.ONT.

where R ~I\.'" ~d R~ ....... Qt"e ,",o",,·,nc:a.J vo.l""&5 for R~ Q.nd RJt re.spe.c.+ive.ly. We no.ve:

R~I\O""=- .2. ,,-..n,. OJ\d RoAt .. o .... =,l..I:)o "-A I +hu..s,

cnr.o.l.. ~ '&"',02.02..

- R-s .....

Si",,~IQ.r"'y, we CoJ\ show +ho.+ qv.o:1. ~ ~ &. 10J-.OJ-

... R, .....

I", +he wors+ CQ.se.

,s:

C.Mp.,R=,2..020,:, .!.&L= 20 QOj 102.0:1. ~

I Ac ... \ o.o~

C.M R.R = .:1.020., (25"50.5) :::: 6S dB

12.1&

We cnoose R3=R, o.",d R ... =-R".lhen .for the c.irew+ +0 be.ho..ve. o..s ~ dif'+e.re.I\'e.. Q."'pl i+ier wi+h 0.. ~Q.i,", of 10 QnJ Ca.P\ i"~ re.s·, s-to.nee.. of ae "-J\. we. na~u.if'&

Aci = .!3.= =. 10 o.nd R ._.= :l.R, =.:1.0 k.n.. ~

R, I.

R, =-IO~A. ~CI R;&.= AclR, =IO,,'OkA.:IOOl'A

12.·1'1

For +he. ins+rc.uY\en.ft,.+io,", o."'pl~.(:ier of F,~..re .:l...:l..o(b) , we. ",,"'Ie:

v =V,-..Lv. =5_..!.."0.015in",,t-~

% , . tc;", ::L 1d .2

V - 5_o.oo5~in(oo)+ x,-

v - V + 1 V - 5 ... 0.005 sin(.O)+

.%;&.- .%c.... 2' %d-

"_(OPQ.MP AI)= vJ:.' =- 5_0.o05si ... ~ v _ (op o.MP A1) =- v.r'_= 5+0.0Q5 sinc","t

"'The "olho.,je "'+ +he ou.+p~ of op ~""p R,

• V

15: "01:::: V.l:1 - R.l.. ~, where. ".J:d=- v%:..-v,%,

Vo, = 5 _ 0.0055;n wt _ 50ofC..n vo, = 5 _ 5.00'0 ~inc.Jt-

"The. "'ol+~e fI':r fhe.. o&.d-pu.+ 0+ op 4.tnpR.l. is: V.o =- v. + R,;&." ~ ::. 5 .... S.oo'!» sin (01+

l..%;&. ::lR,

V+(op ""'P A3)= vo;&." R~ o.nd

R3+R ...

R'S= R.., = 10kJ\.. I -therefore

"+ (op o..MP A'S)= vo'2.~ 10 :: V01. • ..!..=)-

10+'0 ~

v: (op o.mp A~):: V+ (op CM""P R!o)

= :2.. S .... 2.,50:l.?sin wt

::: 10"'-l\. (I + O.SM.n.. ) Ie O. 01 ~jn(,.)-t

1 0 ~.n.. O. S Ie. n,

vo='O.OI sinG.l+ Note: Aflftode vol+o.~es a.re. in 't/ol-ts.

12.IS

j::rom e,w:a.+ion (:l. .as) we. ho..ve.:

w+= AOWb::rf+= Ro4"J. =?-fb:: ~ ... o."cI we.k..ow

Ao

.l.o2o~ Ao= '06 o.ncl f+= 3MHZ.. ~here.fore.

.f",~15HZ.

8y definifion the open_loop ~.,.i" (in d8) a.+ft. is: Ao(jn dB) _ 3 = 106_ 3:::: 10'3dB

To .f.ind +he open_loop go.in ~+ fr.c.,_uet\CoY f we. CAr\ ,-,se. e.,.~+ion (.2,."31) (e~p_i~ly ""ken -4= »f", which is -the Ca.se.. in +his eke.rc.ise.) o..nd wri+e:

Op&l\-Ioop ~ca.in 0.+ f -== .:l.OQo,,(.£t.) f

1'here.fore.:

Ope.n-Ioop !3o.in at ~ooH'Z= :l.OQOj 3HHz. =80,.8 300 Ope.n_loop ~o..in Q,+ 3~7.::..l.oQo.,:, ~ = bodS 3"H~ Ope.n_loap~in cd- ''J.''-H& .. 2.0~~.3'''If& = .... '8d6 1:11'H& Ope.n_loop !1cUn .at 60 Jc.H z. =20 SI~ 3MH&::"¥tJ& &Ol'ttz.

Usi"" e.,. .... "'+ions C.l.. '31) o..nd (.:1.:1.~) we. ho.ve:

Open-loop !3o.in CiRcle) o.+.f::.,l.o Doj.:f:t.= :l.OR~~

~f -4= of

We howe.: -'1o::..l.O.o~ 10 b ~.(:b=' Hz.

6 IO",O?'

.f.40::.Ao+ .. = 10JIII:::.IHHZ.

9o.in-b .... ndwicl+h prodlOoc,t:::. Ao"f .. : I MHz. ~o.in a:+ I "-H Z. :: .20 20.3 ~:::. 60dB

I "-Hz.

I :1.:L.O

Sjnce. dc.~o-i'" of i-he.. opo."'P is"" .... c.hlct.r.!)e.r tho.n ihe.. de. 3a.in of the.. de.si_::Jne.d non.i"vu+i".:J ~"'flifie.r~ we. c:o..n u.se. ~"",,"+ion (2.. '35). Ihere.+ore. :

f -4=

3"&=- +

I+~

Ft..

He.nCoe.

.f _

3"&-

:1.0 "-Hz..

1.2.·2.1

For #e. inp .... + vol+o.~e 5+e.p of ""o..j"j~e 'I +he. o ..... +p~ w~vefor,... will s+\11 be. 3iv&n by -fhe. e.)(poner.+ic:oJ woo.Ve~orm of e.,_'--tion (.l.."to) if w+V~SR

~o.+ is V(,. ~ ~V<~

.... Colt ... .2.n.~+

V, O.16v, +hUIS, +he. lo.r!)es+ pos~~ble i .. p&A.+ Ifol~e sfe.p ;s 0.I6v.

Fro ..... Appendix F we. ~ow +hA.+ +he 10/. __

.

qot. rise. +ilW\&. of i"he. ouctpu.t wo.veforr.. of ""'e.

.form of e.cs-,--non (.:1."10) is + ... = .:1..:L-L.

Co)t

'1"hlA.s. + ... =O.3Sjf-5

l.f o-n inplA.+ sTe.p of _p';+....d 1.6v(,0+irfttS o.S lo.rje. c,..O""po..rM +0 +he. pre."iou.'5 Co.5e.) is o.pplied. the +he ou.+pu.+ is slew-ro.+e. li..,.,i-e.d o.nd is IiM!~ ... ly ris.in~ with Q. slope.. ~~I +0 +ke sle.w-rcd·e, 0.5 skow" in the.

.fo II OVOI in!) fij",-".

+: _ o.Qlll.6-O.hcl.6

r-

IV~

+

I J..2.1..

Fro,.,.. ~~+ion (.:1."11) we. ho.ve:

+M = SR :::. 15.QIS kHz. at IS.q k.Hz.

.lo" Vo ......

Usin!) e.,.u..o..·f-ion (2. ."1:1) , for ClIon inpu.+ sinu.Soid wi~ fre.,. .... enc.y f= 5f,.,. the. rncJo.,umu.m pos~i ble CA._pl;~e +ho..+ e.o..n be. ca..o:.o",,",odca.+e.d 0.+ +he. o~u.+ wi4-hoc.a.f in~","rrin~ S~ distortion is:

'10= Vo ..... " ( .fM ):: lax....!. =~ V (p~l:.)

S.fM 5

1.2·23

V:IeI= v; - '105- ":

I" orde ... +0 ha-ye 'ZLro diffClen+io..l j"PI.Ao-t +or +he. o.ffse:+-fre.c- op cuwop (i.e..) '1+_'1_::.0) we. ",e.e.CI V:xcl:= '1+_ v __ vos= 0 _ 15,.,." ... _ S rA'V

"lh",,$, -the ~s+er c:.h.,.,....,.c.+eri~+ic. Vo ve.rs...s

V is: :r ..

-:I. -I

_10

12.l...It

op ...... p

(0.) !he. o .... +p..,+ de. yoHOOe. dl.A.e. +o1"hc. il'\p",+oU':set ;5 (+ro,.. e,.", ... +ion (:2."1~)):

VOde.= 3 ..... v (I -+ 1000) =:. '3 v

Si"ce +he o\.Oo+P<4+ s_+~ ... +ion Ie.ve.l$ ~re. :tIOV, -*,e. "" ... "j..,. .... m o...,.pli+...de. of 0. si"e.-wCJoYe. "'+ +ke, op ().n1p ol.4+p",f wi+ho<4+ cl;ppi"_j is 10- 3::. ':fv which c..o,..,.e.~pond~ +0 ~e inp .... -t 5inct-w(Ave. pea-Ie. of ..3.:!.-::. =I.,.,.."

,000

(b)

:If the. e..ffe.c.+ of -the. j"P"+ 0.f+5e.+ i5 ...... 1Ie.d

0.+ roo", ,f~pe.ro.+~e, +he.n """"xi"",,,,,,,,, i"p"'-+

""o .... IcI be. ~ = 10 r"\V 1000

Te.-pu.,.+~e. ra-o"e. of o"C.. +0 =15·C

c:..or r: e..~pond5 +0 ;np .... + offse.i vo'+~ rQ.l\.je. of: (0 _ :1.5) lC 10/,'1 =-~'50"" +o(~-l.~) .. IO",Y =S£v "11\is inp",,-t offse.f rClL.n~e.. c..orre.sponds +0 ov..+p""f de. leNels of _250f'Vll(,+,ooo)~_o.'15V +0500rV"'(J+looo)=,0.5v

1h""s the. worst c..o..se. o~+pu..+ pe.o..k i ~ 10_O.'5::.q.5v which c.orre5ponds +0

~e.. inpu..+ si "e._wo."e. peA"- of ~ = <l.S .... v 1000

I ::l..:15

(a-) i'h& e."r"ivC>oIe.....f c.ir~+ for de.(oe.rl""'r'lin,:, de. a.dp~ offse.,f vo't~e.. is:

~,.

~

-= "'os \oU5ct_..f~e. O¥ """"f

Th",,~, the. de. ov.+p~t YO'~e. du..e. +0 the. inp~+ offse.+ is Vos-=- 31"r\'"

Henc:e. the. M~i"" ....... ~fli~cle. of 0.. ~ine. ~o.ve.. 0.+ -the. op """"P OIA.+pu.-t w· ... -houd- diPP'''_j is 10V'_ 3 ...... V' ~ '" .q~T v which eort"e.sponcl~ +0 the. inp""+ siM~.-WC>oI(e. pe.o..~ of

q.'fQ1..:! 10",'" 1000

"1l\e.re.fore, there.. is no need .fo r: offse+

+rim .... i~.

(b) "The. ....,.~n·'~e. of the. ~~"" of +hi~ Q, ..... p'·,fie.r is

IAdl = R~ = R'ao

I RI ... 'c.1 I .[R;a. .... ...L-

J W I c~~ ...

:l.o1l0~ IFyI > 5T- ~'Adl > '7o?-.cfI:;:,

FC~ > ':1 0=1. ct 5 ~ I M.n.. >":10~.ct5

b~.;~+..!- [lOOQ~".-!--

C'w'" c2."""

Jlooo1-+ _L <.. 1.£t1:l..5 ==>..l- <.,'fq?6

c. 2.t.) 2. C. c,.)

c:,ONT.

He.nc.e., we c.o..n c.hoose. C= I. E:.)C-F

12.·2.6

F-ro", e'l .... o..+ion (2.~..It) we.. ho.lle:

"0=.I eo. Rl. ~ I&Rl.= 100 nA,.1 M.n..= O.lv From e"\CMlo-+ion (2. . ..It6) +he vc:70lu.e of re.s;stor R3 (plQ.c.ed in se..rie.s wifh posi+ive. inpu.+ to I"f'\'n~",ize -the o .... tp .... t offset vol+~e) is:

R~.::d~.,IIR).= R,R~ :: IOIU\.,.IHA. =q.9,,~

R, -+ R). 1 0 ~ .l\. + I M.n.

R!o = q.q Io:.n.. = 10 I:-.n..

With this IICIoIu.e of R .. +he. new ".J~ ot +he.

o .... tp"'-+ de. vol+o:je. (u.sin.:) e,. +ion(.J..Jt?) is:

Va=- Ios. R).-::. 10 nA " lO,,".n. = 0.0\ v

c

v •. (+)~ 'I+

V (+)=::- "';(+).1+

o CR.

The w .... ve+o .. ""s for one. period of -+he. inp<4+ ~d -+k o..,.fpl4+ sijno.ls ore $hown below:

lOY 11,·(+)

ri,

o U.a. ... $·+

_lOY

We. ho,."e

I ... ~

- 2.0:...;:.!_ J 10 dt eR-

G

o'--~"""-"""+ ~ ... ~

_~o

1.2. 2.~

lhe inpu.+ r-esis+o.nc:.e. of this inver-+i,,~ in+e~ ..... +or- i!So R., +here:for-e.) R:.lo Jc..n.. Sine.e +he. de..si~ in+e.~r ... +ion +i .... e. con'Sft..n-T

-~ -~

's 10 e , we. ho.lle.: C.R= 10 s ~

-'3

c= 10 s:. O.I"F 10 jo:..n.

FrOf"> e"u.o.+ion (:l..~o) the. -t,.. ....... :5+er bc.+ian 0+ +his in-+ejro..+or IS:

Vocjw), = _ ___.!_ V,(jw) .jwC.R

~or W::. 10 r...d/s +he in .... ej .. ""+or .fro.nS+e..r -fu..nd·ion hOl.s rn~n·,n..de

1 ~I = _!..__ = '00 "'Iv o..ncl p"Q.s~ cj>::.900.

Vi 10,"0.5

!==or w= 1 r_d/s +he in+e::Jro.+or +ro.ns.{:e.r .J:"""c.+ion hQ.s rn~ n·,-tlMie

I~ 1= _J..._ = lOOOV/" o.nc:l phQ.ae. cp=90~

v, 1 )( 10·"

Usi,,~ ~v.D.+ion (.:1..53) +he fre.~.......e.nc.y 0..+ whic.h +he in+e~ro.+or ~in "'''''j''i~e is ""n;+y is t.lj+=_!_=_I_=loooro.d/

" efl. 10'3 s

12.2"1

USin" e..,......,..+~on (2..5~) we.. ho.ve.:

Vo:'Vo~+ ~+ ~ '2= .l. ... ~+ ~+

c.Ft.. 1 ..... 5

Wi+h the feedbo.c.~ resis+or RFJ +0 ho.ve, 0.+ leQ,s+ 1:10 V of o .... +p .... + si::)nAl swin,j

Q.v",~ ICIoble, we. ho..ve. +0 I"r\o..k.e S<M'"e. +ho.+ ~ o ... +p ..... + vol+o..je.. dl.\.e +0 VO$ ho.s 01. ~.:rih..ck of 0.+ ",050+ .lov. Fro", eCJv.D.+ion (:1..""3), we. Ic:.no_ +ho..+ the o .... +pl4+ de. vol~e d.....e. +0 Vo~

C.ONT.

1+ -'5L = 1000 ~ R~ '.::::! 10 MAloll:.,n.

l'he corner Fne,.""e.nc:.y 0+ +he re5""'~i~ STc.. r'\e..f.work is W::. __!_

CRI=

We k.now ih .... s

RC.I""5 o..nd R ... lot:~*C._o.I,.F

1 =- I ro.sJ/s

+=~ =__!_..= O.16H7. ~n .l-n

12..30

c = 0.01 J"F ;s +ke i .. p",,+ c.oop....c.i+o..nc:e C)f #.;$ diffe.re.n+icdC)r. We w"",,-+ CFl::.IO-a.(+fc +irwe. cons-h....+ of the di~+io.+or), +hv..5,

-:I.

R= 10 ::. 1 M..n_

o.OI)"F

F,..o,... e,.""o.+&on (.:l..S?), we know +ho.~ +he. +ro."S~ f"",c.+ion of ~he. diHe.re.n+io..+or is of ... he. +0,..... V.(jc..) =_jwC.Fl

Vi (jc.o)

i"h u.S , +C)" w::.IO ro..d/s +he. diUe.r-e. ... .f..io.,fC)1'" +,. .... "s+e.,. ~c. ... ~on ho..So "" .... _,ni+....de

lY!-l= lOll 10·:1.: 0.' VI 'I o. ... d pho..se 4>=-Qoo. Vj

For w::"lo3rod/s +he. diFhLre.n+io.+ar +ro..Mihv ~ c, + ian h", 5 ""'0..,," i +""de.

'~I:=. 10~" 10:1.::..10 VI., o.nd pho.se q,=_qO~

:If we. o.dd 0. re.s·.s+o,. in Se.r·tCi~S wi+h +he.. c:.c..po..c:.i+or +0 lil"f\i+ -fhe hj~h-fre,_ ... e.nc.y C]d'.in of+he differ-e,.+io.+o,.. +0 loo,+he. e ir'c .... ·'+ wo .... ld be.·

C. v; (+) o-t L......A..- ...... -1

A~ hi~h fre,~c.:.e.'S ~e. c.o..pa.,.fo,. C a.c.+s lit:.e 0.. sho,.+ c:.irc:.u.if.7he.rc.fare,The. hi..jh-fre,.u..e.nc:y ~a.in of: +h, ... c.i,-c:.u.:.+ iS~ _~. To Ii,.. ....... +he ~"·I~e. 0+ +hi~

Rio.

h~h-~u..enc.y !:jo..in +0 100, we. sho .... ld ho."e:

..!3...= 100 ~ RL. ..... ~=

R... 100

~:=. 10 Ic.n.. \00

I '3' \

~..Q.r- to F,~ 3'~ (0..), k 1J:r. 401 i"hL d. L~cJJL ~b:.. ~ pr.l.5.U\h

Q. ~ vol~ drop, ~~ ~o:; 0".J:. • +ov U:c. <. 0) ~ J..u)~ .e:,. eu.t-

0J~) 3.M'O G4.U""1".et\t tlDw~ H..rou~~'R o..~ uo -=- o· lh r.l2s.u Lt ~ s TWL

-\ .. r(u\s.kr c.~GLt.~ L':.ttc.. j", FL~' G""3.\,

3,2..

+err U"L P D~ I ",,' v-Jt. L i.. • .Q.. ,'.,.."thL t>o~,h~ h.o..l~ t>\- t\...a... ~1v\'I.)S.O~d...»

'"t\..i_ chb~ c.c~uc.-\-c:. I r~~u \~''''"J ~'" \YJ> =-0 . FDr lT~ ~Q...f..lv-JL (cLUr;~

iL. ~tA.k~ Mlf ~ ik si~usoicl.)

tkA. d...oJ-o IS cot- - 1>] oxl..

Ui> .. U:s:.. - Uo .::: U""x. -0 ::. lJ3: .

1lu...~ U'o j"" ~~hc.aL +o tka_

~Q.h~ ~l\AAS Df \Jz.' "'TkL

r..l.&u.\-\- i$ fu wa.v-e ~M i I'\.

~j" £3·2. ..

3·3

"" :::.J_,r - 10

v~ --

It" 1\

::: 3'I&'V

I 3·Lf

(a..)

Cf)

+ "--5V

-5'1

(d.)

:I=~~

z..?

;:z.~ =... ~5"

(e) 3 \J cr-----{"'~ ___

Cot-JT.

5V

+3.y

\".2.. ~I::; S-I

I

== LfmA-

=

V= IV

13'.5

50+ R. =.

.1Q.. - 0 rr

... eo

J.Q_ 0·\

r, ~

=) LJ::. O-"',+V

I A_ , G 0-'" V/O·02..b

1,..::' OM~:: ... ·,~I e.

~ T -;::. 1'2..5 - 26:: (OO°c.....

A.T Is'= 10-''1 (.. ,·IS

::. 1·'1-)(10-" A

3·9

At 2.d'C_

I-- IV - I A

- _,.£4

IM..Q...

SI~CA. fu r.Q~ 1--4!D- "'D-~O ~ J..eub.h.o ..f.o.r ~~ IO°e... ,~~) oJ: 40" C.

I= Lf)<:J~Ir='f.,AA:

-> V:::. Lf~A- X I H..n.=- If ·DV

-

=) V :: -it XI ::. D·2.5V

1 3'lO

CD NT.

(4) i;: :r:; c: /Y\\J,

, V'R2. -VOl

~ :: c_ "''IT

~I

V[)2 = VOl ~ Y\\JT I Y\( ~~)

Vo 2.. = \/D I t- o-r \ '3(il./i 0 =- 0'"1- + o- I I ~(jI\ )

IT6JUtnOIV 'IF I

~ .=. Voo-o.-=r ::: 5-o·1-=O.'f3M~

io 10

(1l!!VtT{DN #2-

5 -0·2,,3

TD::: 10 =- o- '+3Lf- ~ tt

.*. 5l'\C..G.... ~ ~ ~ V\t)-r-

~~~~ Cov\~

III :. 0 .Lf?:>41Y\~ 'J 1>'2- ':;'!. o· "'-4V

\Ok.sL

~'_--+---'y ~",.,,," 1>,0."

VI> Ytlo :. o· "to\)

rp'" 20...n._

Il) ~ 5- o·"S to'1 +-2.0

~) Cons~vrt VO I~~ ~r HilclA1 JOkSL

tL----"J~_=f !P' o- +V

\/0 :. 0·1-'1

I 3·\\

The.. l~ c!;O!lJL i6 ~'"'~"a\..tt'\~ t-o lOO csmt:d\ J..loJ.es c.o"'~c.~ \tI\. ra.r-a.\\.Il.l

\}oo do.tls l'ltlt C.ho"jJL \/00 =' O·~S" r; 1""..eA"c.e.s ~W\ 20..a.. \0 o·'2.J2..

I 3' \2..

IEl"

R

e

Fe r a.t.'\ ~p.u.i '" ot t-0Jj.JL

E>~ '2'L4V

VO - 1.'4::. O· R V - 3

:. U''''j :

\ :I:z..

V2..::' VI + 0·1 Dj T

-I

O·~ :: 0·1- +o-i \OJ I'1. lo-~

10 -2 '4 10

J

+ -sss-»

~ :r:.:: -0,"+ +5 '2.·5

-::. I' 1=2 m ~

(e.)

(t) 5"
5-\''l- ~
I=- lk.sl..
\
:: ~·3111\~
V~'+D'r
+ 3.'1
:: \·1-V
+?.V
+- \ " o--Kl
I 3 - ILf

rcl:: T\'IT/I» ::. 0-02.5 fr:.J>

~ =) 2So.a..., 2S..n..,

I 3·15

i» ::. J:J) + h.V

f6.

":. II> +- ~ \J Ij)

l\Vr-

;:. I + ~V(l!lb. \ D·05 J

) h LJ> =. ~" )( 20 rV\t\

(l \) For fu. ~l<f»"..Q,\'hd.l M Ocld tl> ::. Is e \t"/"y,.

t1>(W\~) i.1> (IV\I\)
sMAll ~ponoll"-Ml
$'~~l
-0·4 -b·33
-0·2. -O·H'
-0·1'0 -0·1
+-0·' 0 ... 0·\\
+b·2.. ... 0·1-1..
"t"o·4 +D ·49 (OC; lb) lC) Cd) le) Cf)

-2.0

-10

-s

+S +10 +'2.0

3· ,~

71er h\To _ P·09

~ LL - iO-?>

=40SL ;e r:t.:. if =- IOSL

=

S'~u... fu 6~ 61~no1 V"L"'I$~tov..cutc.k cL. O&-.t.. ) r.L \ ; -:. 10 SL tL-

cLe. blM ~t CAV\ \u. tel>ntl.

,,'IT ::. rei. =- (0 n:: I
~
..... ~ I~ ::. 0·02 S 2·5M~
-::.
10 R=-

15 -3 ::. 4.~ kSL 2·5

IH; t>c..) fu_ d.,0J..q_ \J oltrur fa.t .Q.(l (l-\ d.;n:l... ;~

Vr> :: .3_:::: 0·"1-5 V Lf-

II> :: Is e. VI> /,."'r

t.\$l~ :

Iz. =~;

I, I

0·15- 0·+ ~. C·OtS

Ie,

, 3·1":1-

~ o..._3~~ch..

Vo:: V"Z.O + I-z. rZ.

to -=- Vz.o + 0·01 )(50 'lzo=. ~·5"

-

for I-z. =. 5m ~

\;0::' ~. 5 rD· 005 X 5 0 -::. Cf· 15 V

COtVT.

R

1lu.. W\II'\ UY\ "M. '2. -e N.("" c.u. r t' ~ f\ t:; sho,,\&. bL

COx I7.l( =

C;~ I : 5W\~ " $1 t\ UL +~ looJ. c "rr.t"t cC\t'\ b.JL

Ol.s. \G\"~ "'~ ISM~) WJI. Sk.ouil1 S..t.(~Ct- R So ~t

L.0".t1.... Tc..= ISNlA, A -z..tlt'\lr wr(tt\t o-\- S""~ "I~ ,,,,cll\Q.b104L " Ttws. tk..

e "rr~",t- s"-ol>lcl bCL 2.0 M~ \..tQ.~"j-\o

mM/~lJ/IA.. fDWLr Glts. ... i pt'-kil I~ tkt.. d,~J.L oec cJ rs ('uN I\. It..:'o is.

A + No Loo.J. V'2. =- S" J'v

::

lJ; l

Vs:: 12.Ji. "" •...

'*" - ('" "'CVDO) - s -I (o.~ ~

V - ~'Y\ - - In --

y~ '2~

~~

-

f"N1"d.,~~ ~krh. o..t 6= 2.",+0 ~M. -k..rw\\Mks ~ \~d'- e -r\v.,~ t~ 1-o+D..\ co",~vC.hoY\ o...r\~\fL ',So

VOI(iA.V~ ;;; ':i: \ VsSII'\¢-Y»O o.¢ j~Tf

= ;. \- V$CcS.cI> - \jJ>O cpJ1f-&

L q>=&

= ~ [1I&G"st> - V. r..& l'li-e) -Voobr-2.e) J

bM:t cos, e- ~ \ Cc6 (\\ --& ')~ - \

(\,)

=;> Vo, t'..v~ = ZVs _ \TVOQ
21\" "Z1\
- \Js _ \Jpo
- Q..E·D.
-
11" z, : 0 YD,,,-V'j = 1"2.~ - Q.:]: .= 5' o5V

Tf z..

~)

1h.t.. fUAk d,oJ,.Q_ c.u.r("~"t DCl\J~ oJ

+\..0(. f2~k ~'cJ.R. VO \t~-L

::: rz.fi.-o·-q. \00

:: \,~ ",fir

P \ v:: + V~ :: \'2.rz:' '= B.:Y_

-

I 3·2\

R e.hr W fu ~\\ U!)~V(. ('..t.c.h~, er of ~\.~ • 3 . '2. ~ (C)..)

t

:)~

Tke, E) vtpot ;~ yro h.a.{w-U..",~+ e) ~ ~-e) =- 2.e wmL e: i. ~ o..~(.tt. 01. \: \A) k 'd". ;-k IlI\f"t &Ij~ f".t.AC. ~ \/0 =>

v, SIt\ e : VD

t7 : SIr\ ~I ('iSs)

." 0 2 e ::. 2. $ It'\ -I e"-s) Q.E.l>.

(b) ~ ~ Dj tk o"~f"~ s6Ml

\~ ~'v.t.... 'oJ:

Yo I o.~ ::it-)' 'Is S,r-. cp - V J> Ii. rp

2.tr

'fii-c-Vsc...'1 - ¢Vb J::}L

(c..) YC2(l\c. Cw-nr\t-::. V&S", tI> - VI> \

R.. 1/>;:: It

"Z-

::: 'Is - V1) :: J2~ - f)·To

R 100

lk. output i~ I\et '2,..e.rO ~ r ~

Q.V\fl\.q_ L (If- 2S)

corJT.

1\w.s. fu.. ~QC.~ OJ fu ~ck ~Ij v..') h.t·d" \.To '> 0 ; e.

l (tr-2.e') 1C ,00 '2.1f

:; Zir- 4SIh-' ([;'2.-)

It 100 2.1f

= 't1· Lf- 0/0

Av.Q mIj-ll 0 c) """ t ,,0 \~.tL :

Vo = zss: -V = 2X'1.~ -O.~

1r J) 1r

= 10· \V

N' ~ ._L I' .-

~ le« h j 'D J ~ r-r-: dA.«JJL

~ .A..o sr: ~

~

l.D ~ '/$ -Yoo :: 1"2... ~ -o.~ :: I"~A

R. 100

'PJ: V = V~ -VC +Vs -= 2. '112V2:-<r7- =33'2V

-

-

Vo,ave :.

0\

6-:. 511'\ -I (l' 'Il?..) 'Is

~ ~ V. 5.. VI ~ - 1. YD d ~

= t l-V.c."q, -1.'/. rjJ J~~&e

:. ::r [2 '1.s - Z VI> (1t"-ZG-) J

"6c)t Co~ e ~ \

~~-e) NJ-,

ir- 2. e ~ 1f"

(9) 'P~" c:l;ocle. ~t = 'PQC\\c. \loHo.~.Q_ R..

= \)5. -L VC :: Q.~ -\. Lt_

R \00

.:: \ sro IV) ~

1 3·23

e

J\\

DI

~----,~----~~~~.

cosrr,

~ r'fpl,(L '1O Ihl~~~I\-Hu.- ~""D""t 0% t1~~rcr- ~t eccors ~~t\ ~ cl\(:xt~ &..rJ2.. W\Ot- C!)~ck,c.f.t·j' 1k..

Ol,)tp"~ "o\~.JL i.~ ~I\.u.'\. ~:

- t/R.CUo;:. Vf e,

~1... ~ dl5C~r,\.IL. ~~

Vp- v- = Vp e - c, t>r\'~.hI.(l~~

pArlOtt •

Vr:: Vp ( 1- e, ~ ) e -it: ~ 1- ~

~r(J~'»I:

~ Vp (I - I t- Tkt) "Z.

: Vp ®

2fRC. Q. G.\).

lc... .. v ~t (tD,o.V-l:I..) ~t

== IS.: ~ : Y1!_

2H~\ 2.f-R

:: Vp 1r

wR

,

11>,o.v ::

+ T\..

G..f·D.

If. t =0 ',~ o..t ~ ~k) th~ rrwt'~I1'" d,'odL c..urr.Q.V,t ()Cc.u~ Cl.t +hit Ol\ut;-

~ co~ucholl\. or o..t t::: -w~t. ~i, Gm\~ , ~ ~ wf'ru.t

I s ca I .,., '" 'cuj"

, .. ,

Lt:>.. Le, + LL.

il>/r¥\~ :: L ~; r iL

::: c. ~Coswt-) 1- IL :: -C.Slt\wt)t wVp + IL,.. :: -C SI,,(-Wb.t-) It wVp T:::CLCor 0.. ~ M(.lll co""",, d .. ;CIIo'\, e..~ lL..

S Ir\ (-w~t) ~ - wbt. l't..v...o:

_.:.) LI), f'/'A"t:' CtA:> ~t' .IIW Vp + XL

CONT.

sue, vJ::. zrr f

+IL-

I 3·'2.lt

v.)~

i) at fu ~ OJ tL..o~~..Q..

Uo::. "r - Yr - 'l..Vf>C)

ii..) disc~w;r- oc.c.urs. 0"""" ~'f ~ p.u-~oJ. ,J I/Z.

',',',) w C.R '» '7z.

-su: :c_

e.. q(_ ~ I - zeit

=->Vp-\Ir-Z\loo ::. (Vp - Z 'If>() )( l - fu )

~ Vp - \leT _ 'V/po +~

zzc ZRc..-

Vr :.

IV ~W\. ~

*(, <'~.2.cz) but WI,"",

V, r -tflacaA.

'o"tl.. v,- 2.Voc

lL. tx vol~-L. 4!lot- ~ ol,)tfu t

:= tA\M.Y'~..tL. Of tk .udv.t.~ a J u;,

Vo ~ Vp - Yz \Jr- 2"~ :::'12Ji-t -I'(P

.:. 14· q'i.

If- you. do~ -c ~k.L tk. "~pp'.Q.

VO '~..t. ~1I\\t, ~('out\t- ~ "be. Du~t vol~ IS ~I\M.'" ~ ~

VD.::o. V,. -lUs>o :: 12. Ji: -\., := IS·q \l

~:. 'Il,.: Ve-2Vm ~ rz,n-\·"

~ 100

~ OdS A

I>t\t\.o,,~"" t\ol r\t~Qt'~ 'H.u.. n'fPl4_

uo l~..t.. tWl..~ b.t_ k~ jll\i-D ~cc.eu",tSo ~~:

tL -:: Vp - Yz. Vr -2.VDD ~.!!:t1: O.lq'fA

It 100

COtJT.

nuw;~ ~ c.cV\Il"C~CM. ~~I~ (~'3'30) but ~\~ fu. cll'ocb.. d.nte ~\JDo ~k"" ;",-\0 Q.C.(.O",,,t. Af:. tk. ~ Df c~~~

~p-2VDD)CaS.\.Ct :: (VP-Z.\lDD)-Vr

=> (Vp-2VOO)('-!(u.)ht)2.): Vp-2V~()-Vr 'Ie -2.Voo (w ~t:)'2..::. Vr

2-

•

o D W ~t"

~ OJJ.JN~~ ~ ~. (I:U'\. b.A._ ~ w,~ ~ C~.e.4) ,-",il-..

Vp ~ Vp - ,:0/00

i.1),0...,:: r._( 1+ "If"K\[e-2.VDo5) J 2. Vr-

:: I (I + 1'26 - '."5)

._ 2.."1

1k. ~I'W\UM. Lk ~ CA-"\ \u.._

~ w,~ ~ ~.~,:» :

1k.t_ ~s ~~ ik k«t: u.cu!

I I.. ': o- 14'1 A ~;::tAL .rupfu..

ve I~..ct. i!o +~~ ;O'\k;, ~. ~c.uffotr

s.it'\t.O... \lr ·IS. ~W\(;\\\ -K..t.. loetA. c.u.N"...t-

CAAi\. u,_ ~ WI~ ~ ;'IfIflt.

,",0 I~...t... ~~ ~ IL.:O 0'\5"'· ~

~ oJoov-Q...

wr"tk. :z:.&...=- D·/4CfA tl)/o.v:: I· '+ 5~

w,1i.-. II..:' O' I '5 ~

It)I ~v:: t· tf" ~

11) I rM'I :: 2.'""f" t\

13.25

1k ~ ic:. t.b.o~~b.td ~ '.

, v,,/f\Vr

1..[> :. ..l.s e_

~ 1b.J2... \

:: e_ l'\tJ-r -=::> \fJ) -0,1 :.""., I "\j,,,,~)

:: O.t1D~(~:'~)

c..oNT.

• l="o r lJi: = IV --;> 00::..ei.

."hr ~:. -1'/ -.J ~ d.~ IS. wtl)l~

-7 \/0 =- .0\1

VA:. -12.\1

U'l: ')0 "" cl\od.Q. .\~ (u+-o~ 0""0 =- OV

=-

t.J3: <.. 0..., c:l,·oA-t. c.o....duc."t.s. ~ Of4"'f s"f\k~ \o~ CoUN"ut .

U-o = \J'~

3· 2=#-

o +cr- - 5 oS \.J~ ~ +S bo~ tt;od..ts. CU·IL CIlt o~r- &~ ~o = \.Jx.

LJo:' t (of- Lr"]:. +-5) - 5 :: -lTJ: -l..5V

2.

3·2.g

f 3·2q

W~fL E>= 5· LI ~ ,0 3\
{;6- ~ t- \"2. .e..V W ~i \ICOV\
k = g." L. ~IO-c;, :£:L
K
-, ::: -kMfl(~Wf .t. I V\ I<.e.\ \J., V\. T: 3~OK

13.30

j ~ C.oV\CU\\vOl~·~ o\- ~o\..e!> ~'" \u..._ ~\'H"~ 'oJ:

Po -:::- .1li:_::. o- 22..5 ho'''~ Q.+ 2soK

lo em:!.

Nt>

2"2.50 ~ qT ~C{)I<. I· 75 'i '0" '_olrll ~ ~ ~ So K

eM"

1 ~·3 \

'Us.t. ~(3. LII) ~) ~=

=

5

= 2· 2. g x 10 ..n.. c.M

I 3· 32.. I

FroM ';-1, (~.LtS)

Vo = V, \~ (N~~:)

~ 2. 6 110\ ( IO''l- lOIb \

Q.S-1tlOIO)2... )

= +;:)~ .,...\f

COtJI.

co o

;)CO\ _ &

.:x.p - No

,. l.t>'~ ID'"

-=/0

13-'63

:: ~ • N" WD ....L_

2- ~""No Yo

::

-11... -I, 11-'-

'-0"1)(/0 )CI-'~'O • '0 ,0

z, IO,l+ 10'"

• -L o-1Zr

-: 0 - ~ 2- x '0-7 F /eM .,_

-"1- -to F /

= O·~'2.1.IO )(,0 I)A"'~

:. 0 - 2, '2. ~ F /p.rtI"2-

_IS

lb) L.lO ~ o- & 2.l'.IQ X 2&00 =o-s ff"

:: o· 4 \ pr

(~')

U&;,,~ &;" (~'''4)

I~:: /It,, f\~ (De t- 1>", \

Lp Nt> L.v t.J~ )

-I!) I\.

= '2.. '1-\0 "

(6) "/'Ir

I~ r"Jo-e

V:. V-r l~ (~ ') ~ 2.S \~ ( ~~:-,~ ')

;: 4»IS·'tM\' ~ O·lDl"V

(e) 1vOM ~ rklM.{"fMlrtt; (~cJ'Jllj fo bi @., ~) a.v-e t;'.J ttv.t

c.o tJT.

::2·ZCJp~

QtctQl ~ Qp + t\>" :.2..2.' ~o·~~ :: z. 1S rc..

"?::: :: Q - ->-r _-

.I

_\'1.

'2' '1-5)1.10

0., ~'O-a.

(~) Cd:. (~)I.

VT

= .!_IOp E

: Z,1S'JIIO-' 'O",c'D-~ 0·025

'I.'

FroM -.::., . .., . .." we s~c. +I.a.t ThL 3rr>ph fDI' WMc.h YeS-oS:: v~ -+ 2. V heu -t~ poir'lt liDS = 2.00 ""V ~d ':p co.'" '" A . Theis +h«- c.onS/-a" t: Y'ela..~/"'3 lp

~ (VG.s - VI:) VD.s i.s ~.'-f ... A _ , tvlA/.r

j_V/<D.2.V'

i.D '" (VG-S - VI:: ) '(DS ( ... A)

(DS::: .Ycu.- ~ _J__ =-,_ (\l.n..)

10 (..,11) V6-5- VI:; VOY

'{,Y =o.SV =7 rDS-2.KA

I/.. 2 v K.IL =o- 0.5" I( "ros'!' 2. ",.n.

ov = '-'7 ros - 0·5

4.2.

4.3

rF- 1<:"" looJ-tA/v-1... ~ ~ -,='0 ,\/.,v=o.5",~

'-DS:; I = !2 ".Jl..

10o"IO~" \0_0·5

VDv' =- VGS _VI:. '" 1·5_0.1-:;0.8V 0..) vo _ o- 5V th.&vL VPS <. Vov

b) "p :; 0.<1 V t~ vo> Vol!' Solt()r~tio..,. r~(J'Dt'L-

c) I/o:; 3 V t~ Vo) Vov SalA.v-oL:D" ~iOrL.

Q.) tr,'odt" r~~"",," :iD="~ ~~v·Vp.s-~VJ)~J LD",'OO" If [O.8"o.s-r"0,s~]

'» -= 275/-fA

- ., J.

b) S<t.W..r~"'" re'!:,·el\.: 'I."",.LK!i...1/

If v 2, "l,0V'

. ~

-1..0 =-..LYIOe> )I.Le."o.8 ~ 32.0)4"

.1 I - '2.

c.) 5cUM-r....L.·o ... n3ioJ't: (l)= r~1I ¥:"ov

it> -:::'3l.ojAA.

Fat' VGs=Vo.s=1.2V ,'bv ... ,.2.-0.'1=O.5~TkC/.s _ "DS>Vov a-J +M deviu. C!p~rt..MS ..... scJ;.rQ.k·c.,

fF VG-S =: 3.2.11', -fhL~ '{,v =3.1._0.1= 2.5va-J h,r ~lr'Iedl Vb,! -t-~ dwiu 'S in. triode =r-:

v . &! r

( vos ~ 1..5) <"0 - /I." T ~V'. VDS

ros '" ~ e- _..l.' __

to ~;, .I6L ~V' • V

S,nCL.,.Jt!: ~ ...... .J-f!-o" .L.o=lo0)4A,\{,v=os ,t.hu-t..

, ~ I

I00.J-IA =- J._ I< .:t:i e.s =7" 'I:J.....= 'ifoo~A~J.

.2."1... "I. tv"

roDS::: = O· 5'K.1L == 500.n.

Boo ",03", 2,.5"

v O\.} VSf:I ~ 1"1; I =» Vs - Ve:;. ~ \ Vt:\ =-;? Ve; ~ 5 -, ..,.~.( 4

b) rl'l trIode. l'"C.q'Ol'l' y. \. V V

If DS?Gs-1:

Vp_5" ~VG.-5-H) =7 \tD;' "G"'"'

c; !".., SOLtu~'o" rt.~fOI'l: YJ>5 "VI?.s- Vt ='?

Vo ( lie; 1" I

I Z.L 2. If

d) ID",75)4A=t~",~VoV"= ~lt'O"'O)<'{,v~~v"'O.5

V,vc v5('-1 vI:-' -==:> o· 5::= Vsr:,,-' => 5" - Vc:;. = ,·5=7 VCT = 3. '5 V

To sh:;ty '''' scJM.r...L.o" RaIOI'\..: VSc>4 vovor YO ~ S _0.5 ="7 \tD ~ Lf'S"V

K.Q. ti.Q.

e) ),:: 0.02. ,,-I ="7 r :;.J._:: I e 661- =0.61-

o "'tD 0.01><':1-5,<163 __

J.) J;; r Vc>=3V-, Vso =:tV a--d Vso ~ Vov"0.5~t:hu'eFofl

t-""- de-Viaz. o~ ;." so.lM.rc:X:o"l :

. ..L- I 2-

'o= .2 1(." t (~v) ((+AVos) '" ~S'}VI)<.(I+O.C.2.)(2.)

lo".1B/,'"

Fo" Vo""oV ) Vso~!5V o.--d VSo~~v::oS~+hU't'If,~ +I-.L d~",.c.tz_ o~.s ;1'1. Sa1it.rdi.:on ~.o ... :

e.~ = 15 ((+0.045) : 8..2.5)1A

r.. _ AVos _ 5'-.2. _ 0.61 H..n.

(J - ALp - ~2.S_1-fl""'" - .

nt's i.s 'thL S~ 0<.5 +N. v~ Clbt-cu..-ud /.or

'0 i", l~).

Vt- ::= Veo + Y [ h.~+ Vsa - J 2.f:Pf 1

VI;: = o.K+ 0.4x[ Jo.rt 3 -r;;?] ~

4·10

4."

If):.2" go ::.160flA ,Yo: ,V =-'7 R=- YDI>-VD,,3_1 e 12.;.i2.

I ~ J:o o.IE._

Ip -= -3: k'" t '{,II ,VOI/:' '6.5 _v~ ... 1-0.6= 0.L! V(Uilcl1-J~)

'tL =..2..I.Q._ = 2.,,, 0.16 =10 ='7 ~=\o

L K~V'o~ 0.2. ... 0.42 =--

v.J ~ ~ C"' ..... !H~. Y:L = L DIS 0...... ~~~.

I..- 0.8'

J..j.I2

Vf> =1'" , both. "tro...-.s;,ShH$ h ..... -re. ~\r.a_ S~ V C.s

atv..d "t\l\e re ~ ... e s~ '{,V ;thlls Q2, J.,a..s +ML_~

rD' II'I = Io2-= So~ '"

-

Lj.I3

Ro;I:L.4l<2= 21.f.1f1<.J2..

V~S",5'v ) /'oS5ume Cr'-ad e r~io"'-,

10= I~ ~ [( V6s - V~)Vp.s - -:k- YD~ ] }

=:> rD 0: VD£> - Vo.s

R..

Z. 2-

~ .. I ~ «S'_I) vDS - VC5 ) ='7 VP5 - s.es V ;- o.~=O

.2'1.8 2. os

-'? Yos.= 0.05 V <. Vov ""'»' +rl'od~ "'1','0.".

ro'" 5- 0.05' ",o . .2..,.,A

:J.4.8

J..j.I4

AS i"d.I·~d IV\. 6.:>C.o.fle. '1.5, VO~VG-Vf:. h,rl-k tm.v.s:s tv,.. to ~ .. .., >~n:J..;.,,,, ~''c,,-,

V'C;"'II::: Vr:,_VI:; "" !> -I :4 V'

ID=oSMA => Rl>M"'" == VDD- Vo-:ot. e- 10 -if =I21Ul.

ro 0.5'

/.4.15

,2.. 2.. V

rc> '" 0.32..., A ",.L I< '/L V.O = .Lxl)( IIOY ~'7 V -=0.1

~ ~ L v 2 ~v

VGS s: 0.8+' ~ I.BV

'Ie;.. -= Vs .... VG.5 '" 1.6-t1.8",3.Lfv

RG2. =..lLlZ_ ::: ~ ;- 3. "f t1SL , RGI '" S' - 3."1 :: I .sxn,

r 1 fA. I fA. --_

R - Vs 5l<.!l..

5---""

0·32. If

VDS ~ Vo" =-~ Vo ~ Vw +VS =7"0 ~o. 8+ ,.6",2.Lf

AsstI"""- v.D = 3.4V, ton.e.", R - 5 -3.4 .. 51C.JL

D - 0.32..

4·16

t'l. =0: $ .. ", CL th.c. c.''''e<M-'~ "5 fU'rF~ctly Sy""M~tr;aJ 110-:0 ~ t~r~lof"t!_ VC.S ~O (,,(jJv:&.- """"/>"e> ~ tra-S.> fo,.5 C(t"e tur~ ()f.~ ew..d ~PN-= rpp = a .

Vr",2.SV: IF W~ OI..1Sc/I11e. t"~ +he- NMOS is turn.e..cI 011.. 1 tNI1.. L{, woUIJ bt. le5S t~ i.e; V a..ncJ tkis ~Mpl'·e..s +haJ: PHo.5 ts oFf: (~.sP >6)

r ' .. / 2.. V

ON:::f-""T(VG5-Vt-) ZS

ION:::t" I (.2..5'-Vs-1f .. rl

'bw",O.S'{I.S--V:,/ VT::2.5~·

AI$o , Vs = RL. rON = 10 rON

2

TON::: 0.5' (1.5_ IOIDN) =

2-

=7 looIpN _32IoN + 2.2'5:0 ""7'I1>N:o.104,.,A

~p -::: 0 ,Vo:: 10)(0.{04-= /.041/

Cc)Vt~ .: VG--SQ = f,BI6V RrFu to f:~/e 4.1f ~B",2Y

VoGt = ~V

VOB'" ,\I

b) 8y r~~rr;J'lJ td r=''j.4.2.6c..) YI.~tJ~·oI'(! ~(<. of Hu O..-f(>cJ;-'·S VOQ _ V"e. -= 4_1~ wkA~"to,..,.~> ponds to Y.IS -V.r.~ = o.18LfV ~ Hv-

,'''pu..r. ---

Co) Th.~ pos,·,.,,'1e_o.....cpu..C p~1<: i s VOD_VOQ'" lO_~~(,.CJJ..<:e.h CDo'Y{!Spo"lli.s ro vrGt -Ve' 1.816_1 ::: 0.816v a.J; +~ '·l1pLf~.

d) Fro..., (b) _. d (C.) tIlL f .... q I< W fta.:J1!. cd ~ j'll.lt- ~s o.18l4V wkic.k ~ slaL.s t-o 3V Clttl.u

--- --

ol();"~. ThiS is 0- qIM'", o-~ __2_ s: 16.3 1// .

(J 0.184 IV"

This r-: r·.s d;Htr-~ 'Ho,,,,,,,- The. v,,11.(_Q, obFwltlLd

"/1 of!x..cv-(>k 4. ri (Iii .':f% .. ) clW2. Co t-hL" 0 '1- 1,·i'\.4A.I' chev1--e..c.-t-er',~h·c.. of.. -th.D t ra.-.J r:.er ~(I",h'OI/.

To del'''~ 0I00V>0 e'XfY'~>S'·on foY' AIr.-

A"..::l~1 ~_RK'Y:L.(V _V)

~IJ:. D It L IQ r

, ~ :: V j Q '---.r--'

Vov

rF we CAl cu../~ A".. fur'" vo..tcu.s i"" E;;uY'c£,S(! '1./T-:

AI)-=_ 2,(10-4) ==_14."7- \fIT' 0"'6

s_...,.~ G\,S +hL "'dC/II- ,-", ~lc 4.8.

r L ' .• / L 2..

():':2 K,,"t(V6-S-Vt) =;.O·5" ..... ~.,.r ... ,(~-I)

VG-s=2V.

2.

:rF Vf;:",I·S-V th..eA.: x,,=~""'(2_IS)"'O.I25""A-

=» ~ .. OS-0·(2) =0·-=1<; :: -=1-57.

Ie g . ., e

Ro= VOO - VD :: ~ .= 6 xn, _ RD:: 6.2K.n.

ID 'a. 0'5 2. V

I,t> "" L 1<' W V -~ o.5':::.L)< \ ,. ~\J =~ x'v '" I

2. ",-c OY :2. ~

~-rVf::,s."" ~v-t-Vl:: c 1+' =.l.V -'7 VS:'- 2.1/

Rs-=- vs-Vss ::. -:t -l-» ::6 K1l.. _ 1).",6.2.\dt

:tD o.~

If. uJe I!..hOG'S-e f), .... ~:.~.2.".n. t.~ ro.,l\U

Sl:'ilk.tl~ ~~:

Ip=i"'''(V&S-'/ . A/soL ~::_~=5'_1Il) 2.[0= (4-6.:;.rD)2. =73~.li4rD - 51.6£0 +,6=0

....,.rpcoo.'-I'fNlA :> O.'t6mA

rO:::o.86 re satts /"1.. Vs>o Oy~>-~t.AlJok.cJ.t,·.Plot Ol cc.eft"Q.b~.) "f"Wf"e ft, t"e JD ",o.~ q..., A

Vs '" - 5 + 6.;).,. 0.49 -= -I.H6 V

VO'" 5' _6.2.><0.4'1 :;: of" (.Q6V

Ra, should be .5~ec.t._cI i", ~ =r of- ,MAc:o 10 HSl. +0 have '0..,) Cf,<I're.J-.

t, . .21

2. 2-

rD .. o-5"",A::.L K w: V ->V _ oS){2. -I ==r

:2.. .. L. 0" - (J'I - -, - - -

11(1 v " I IT =~ V6;s" '" I +- I ~ :LV .::= V D => R ~ ~:: 61(.1\.

D D.5

=> Rj) '" 6" . .2!(.S\.. s.f-o.-.dc:vu:! vo..L.u.. For'" -this Rf)

we. howe. -CD ~'-"'-'Gr.A.ItJLl:C. rO:

2. 2

Ip'" yxl)( (V6,S-I) "'"t (~D-1>~-I)

(VG-S '" ~ = ~ -Ro~D)

If) = -1 (~-{..2 col ==,. rD~0,4qNlA

Vo = 5" _6.2xO.4'1= /·96V

a.) t ' , 2.J_ ".'C Z.

o :;: "2 K-t ~ (VG.s - Vt:.) .= :2 " .... 0".20)( ( 2.-I)=.1OOJfA

\10:: VOD-IitI).rD=5-to)l.o.2=~

b) '3 ... = 2fD ~ ~ .= o.Ll"'" A/v

VOII 2-1

c..) A~=!!:L =_q RD:=.-o.~"IO=-~VIv-

V"J S aM

cJ.) lj's = 0.:2 s.» wt =~ ~ = A(r ~s .. _lilCO.2$,';!..Jt

t{-=-0.8S,..,~t:" ~ :3+o.8'::::3.1fV

OMtIVC _

"o"'Wn. '" Vo-,,·8:: 3_ 0.8 :=. ~

~) ~1' '1.5"'.1:

/ 2. , I 2.

ip",-}~" ~(~s _Vc> -1-K" If(~-Vt>~s -1- }~-f~'s

F"". v"s ::: 0 • .2. -:f.n we

i.." = ..Lx :lox2tl( 2- J)~ 2D,,20( 2.-1) o.2S,-;,wt.,. Lx 2O;clD

~ ~ ~~

I<O.21'S;A~t • (,UA)

LO :::: :}.oo +- 805;" <tit l' 8")( (..L _ .L~.2..c.It;) .2. .2-

ip(HIt):. :J.o4+- ioS,'ntc)L4C11<>2Wt:

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.!::L =- 5f -::: S t!.CQ'I J HQAN1(J.uc.. C>,'Sh:",+iolf\.

8"0 0

'V~:: 21/2 rf):: ..L. l( /<.' 21 V 2. co L )C 60)( Ito" (I. 5'-1/

Vov .:2" L. ov 2-

IO~"30D)lA .. O.3""A ,V"v:::: D.51{

,,,,= ~ ::::l • .,t. m'YV ) r,; ::o~: ,5 -::5"oKJl.

0," - Il> ,,·3 -

Con1'.

Ip .. O.5"W)A -.,.. 'JWI:=J!l.)I,,~)<~ID =j:2.)<601<40><O.51Ifil ,,.,= 1.55 mAl\[

'0 -=)fA..: IS :: 301<-~

Ip oS

4.25

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J'ffl C W,.. ~ j-(p t;,,k' VI" =;. b_.

Oy r~"

=.,. :!!.e... :: ~ .5

vi",

4.:28'

[

So tl...A. cI. .... ~ (D..A. c.o~ d.ou)'l.. o.,s

tow Q$ _\,SV 5=rDM .t'S b,'Q.5 po\>\.C o.t -t'2.S'~Thi..'" V i.",,~\,,~.s a. ~cJ;.:~ S'aruJ. SoW;'d0r 2."5_H·S)",Li

evRS(9 "'~'" IOo/C...:= !1oolC.n.. ) Refer to ~1c4.11 F".om £;:xa-J pit! "I. /I, WI. ha v'e th.~ f" llou/,'r? fI Ufc.u:VO.../e1'Lt c..,',rcuL.I:::

~':;~:'R::; p;~;,l ,,~~ ~'\s~:'""~ ,;.

~ "S~ rp u ~ 14CX1 ! 10"(

thRrefo r-L - -: - -=-

it- sro..y~ unc.ho. ..... ~e.J. R,,,,,,,,,I.iOokJL

c;. = R_.'I'\-- .4~:: liCO )( 'is?-r;.= 5.8'3 ~

v R;nt-Rs'3 4oo-t'li>C (

q, :: _g;__ A := qO(/K I< 10 '" 8'.(8 V

o R,.+Rs,' ITo qO(}+:LOo (Iv-

G-::6 ,,'dr'?6 =>-~.8'3= 10 ,,8.\1f=:7

v Vo R'_+~«k \O+~~

'1,u,t os 4·031dL

No re +hC>.r R.,- ~ AIJO are -thJ. SO\NYl e. 0..5 i~ F:;c.c..-.f1e ~.II> be c.<U<Ll~ +h:e y oIoMI- defend 001.-

Rs,~ .

b) fl./..."" ~oK..lL ) Rs'3= /00 I<JL

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c;. Vo j s "0 t (;0..;J'" ;) cu:.fL f:o r P.L:: DO ,. t h.u.s i f- s ro..y s

tl-u. SOW'-f-. . c;.Yo -= q ~ ,Gv := ~ R. (" :9 K £0

G. :f lj'-r v- 0 r;(l..:t"~r.Il: 2.°+2..86

v"" . r"lir'

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R"n+Rs~ t'o RLl'~ ~·,,+(OO 2o-tI.1I3

G>rvt.

RI ..... '" 538k.n.. C.) R\.. e, !l.oK.fL

? Rs' '" .2.00 k..,n_

'3

R..'n. is-tlu Sovvr-e. ",-5 il'\(b):R'n.=538kSL

1\,..-.1:: ,S "t\.dllp~e.....to9- RL o...A.d 1:\-.Q.re(:ore. is-+hl_ S~~ cxs ,'", CA.) : ~u.k =l.1,o3~.n..

GV - R,'A )C Ar,ro x_l1.,__ - 53~ )CIO)<~

R,'t1.~R:si3 R/...Tfb 538+2.00 20+1113

Gv'=' 6. e \'l

/y-

1;.32_

1=ro WI £x~rci.se L!.30 : ~",,: 1 NlA/" ? '0:: 150\<.11.

R"t'\.=R&",~.1-t1.n. (ul;t\-\.o,-w;t~rol -t-IoV

Rv;,1 =- -~,.., RL :::-I5',,':-'5VIv-

~~~ -----

v

Gy = L>o +"-treJ'O,-e. h, .... l): -:0·4 J vr :=0. Lt,..1::.2.J?

~,,~ .5'3 o --

'The b,C\.S po,,,x i5 v'Os::.SVor Vo=l.s~b~=.s

il'dl'ca.{iJ in. E;lC..CrO:se Lt·30) MO-)£'tV\\lMa.\\oUlo..l>lc.. ot.<t:p...t Sul:"'d .s 4.;) So ~ ::: l..~1/ i5 O-.Cceft-oJ,l~. ~ ou.t:?tA-t is C>.. ~.8" p.lU>."-_t-o_~"I.I<'Sit\..USOic\ s.Uf'VLi""'fI0s~d Oo'l. VI)" :2...sV:

~·33

From £q. ~. "10: Gy == _ -:R_,.G-,-::-_ 1;..+&."

I F w~ U4L ~otd: ,./3. 61C.n.. ..I

!-rom ~xc.rCise. '1.32. :..t.:33:!:J.3_ 4.1-+0.1

~m (Rd/Rout) IT~'" Rs

I< I(

I .. (I'" 1/ t3 .6 )

=;r Rs c. :2 ICj'L

(NOTe +h.<t.t +fu_ e.Hu.-ts ... f R.s i", Ro...t i.s ~ \~.)

~WlG 1 WI A/v-

R.,_ = 15KJL v:

R,·I'\.=..L. (E",.4.,O,I) ~""

R· -L -II<.J"\...

'''''-,,,,,,,-_

f\v.k ~ RD -= ~

A""o:=' dmf?D '"' l)ff5:=.+15V(vA",c d"" (~/I'\_) ~ I x(15t115)'=-t't.s-~~ n,

&v.., R,·n. A.,. = I x"f-.5= 1-.fLf'fv- r" r Rs,'q"'~

R; .... +f2si8 \1.0.0'5 0

H ~i~=,1\ : Gy =&.:":f.5:= 3.?-S'tV'

'IF R5i"l. -::.\OK : G -;:_L_~ +.5:= 0.68 Y/.r

a >( \ -rIO v

IF RS' ::IOOK, Gy "'_' __ 'll+.'5=o.o+Y,

'd '+ 100 IV"

t.,.35

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AlJ"o :: r;r 0+ ' (E::1' L( .103) =o- AV; z; ..!..2£_ '" 0 .qq 3V,

o ~ " 1501- t- lof

h" ro »t. 0""" '0=00 ) ACIo ~ I '1v-

A",..:: ({dIre (",,,,.4.102.)

ftll'O+j_

31Y1 R

rd,.. r::=(){) : At)-": ,__ ~ O,Q3rfV/v-

o R .... +..L-

1=0".... ro~\5'ot<: AI)"'= CS-ILIr,';,.... = o,Cf32V/r

r5K(lISoK+ I

R.o ,,_, IIro

~".,

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~t~, 'i1fro+t,

&y =~ tSi<.UI501f... := o·":fb8 V~,.

'1. '1;01 IS"'" iSol<.:t-l"_ Iv

Lf.31

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~M:;: JQ_l('fI!tf to =j:J..><160)d'i~IOO '" 6Jq.7-j4~/V'2.

~m:> 0.620 ""At" R~~t' t" ~;«L"'c.A.s ~l4.36)

f::;: 0 . 6 20 "'" -= 3. ::fGr tI t

T 1.11 (2.4.1l2.t-1.12.)f' ----

4.38

AM:: - Rc;.. ~"" R~ R~~,.. (;;() £~It! 4./2-

( %-'fK5.'.1

1<1.. ::1-.I-'("-5L , ;j ... ~ I MAl"

RS.'g &: 10 f(.JL

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4.r+O.ol""'- v-

F _ 1 C ::'-f.:l.6pF

If - .:I.n S" (Rs'g II~) ("

F.:: I :::3."fHH"20

ff l.rI)lIt.2.6( loKI/-4.1H)

c,S=IP~ f-T~IMH!

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fp:z : :: __L._,.- :: 318' tiz.

2t1~/'J"" lrt"I/~"'-

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:2.11 ~~ (Rt,.-r ~») c: .2 rfl': \I-'I« 10-+10)

~1-!::'Fp.2.=~

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( I

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'.2. I. ~ .__,_f' _ __;__

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i.5 :

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(1".1.

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= ().Q3h1h

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= IIIIIA-.

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lc.::: It; - '·'jO(/O- 1 e ::: z..'X/r)

LJ'"&c. -- D·" 2 g- \I

i.e.::: /D-'3_ ".ct 1~/o-'J.('l)tlT'&<../o.o1.r'::. D lJ'"&c..:::: 0·" If? V

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rC, = L)Of h- r;, :: I (!) D k,.Q_

S· \5

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rc... I",,""

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AL.

sx:» !1Uc..

I \

i o oj;

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f3 p :::. 100 ~~.::. e- I

~PO ... c.eo ::. LO

101< /Dbx 0'1),'D-3 -;: (O.Q_

GDNT.

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= O'02.S'\~ (100 \ - O· 0..5 '1<\ )

= \'2.0 w-.\J

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if.v.. U 0 l~ ...t ~ ~ cJ o..c..t-tll'l MC)d....

= 12.0 '" V -t- If) )( R ..L.a

t'ForClJ>

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;: r~f.MV

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1.0 -1-0 ~ - 60 \J

lDV ~(S'5')

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Is = ..L
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:ra 100
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LB =: = D' o41-IHA
IbD
ot> ""Re. ::: 5-0''3: ~ qJ.51<SL.
.,0
o'°'fr => -0,'1 =

o(~J

To :s~ ;1\ eu/-.t ',..,~ lJee. ~-o'4V

i.e = Va-o:~ 2'

~-= e.

3·3

0Ca:: LJ~-lJ"B

:: 10 - k4'r - VB IO-~(V~-o,~) - \1

3.3 l-3

i.e::R-O·~_

- 0'5 1?r

RE :: II k.SL

LOV

-.:

~ LJc. = '? -J
R" =: 10- ~
-
b'o
= 'fk..rL r 5·24

IDV

V8 - 0 .~ 3·~

'Ie, .:: S· I 8" V

1 5· 2¥:

0{ ~ I

QSSUM~ tJ&r =o·?-Y

RE s: (D-O''':7-

I

= j·3k~

_ -'-/ -L -10 1 '<c. - I

::. '-kSL

-10,/

[ 5 ·27-

IOV

= lD-o·3 _ '50x 0,0'13

D'3'1/ -to IO-SO(O'Dl.f3)~o,( D·3V.J.c t;,·~V

\ 5· 2 R'

15'1 tJDT't: Le =~rl) i,8

P=50

I.sop(j)

5 - 33'3Ie, - o-» -~t~:r:83 .::0

z: 5-o'T

33· 3 to S--I (:!»

= 0·D23. It! A-

010 J'/~- 1·2.~ )C LOO

It cho.~~ = ,.2.8'"

:: -IDc/-e

[Iz9 1

/(.R/U- k F" 5· 4/

2.:r: :: t)'I03 + 1'2. 52... + z·~r:: q.13s",A

5·30

~ =/00

cOrSr.

v~ = Yc.1. -0'1-

IG"3 = 1/(1. -0'1- = /0 I .La~

= /0, (2.r5 - h) '2..~

" e 1. (..J.._ +.J.QL) = 101 ('z_. , s) + .Q.:...1:..

O"{r Z'r O·I.{=I-

5·3\

:c 6 LYI~:' 10 '.J ) lJ"c,S ~ - G\J .': G\\ j~ on. Gh. l!o 0SS

2. "f)\~ dYor~ '%E:J"Y\t~ ~

10- O-=f - IO~ - /'1. I'tf ::.0

~ Ie ~ ¥ :. ~. ~ -IO...J..s Is s: 0 . 4 S NI A-

T c. = Ie -Ie = 4· ~-D 'lf~ :: 4"3$",A

: 10 - 10 x o- 'f~ :: 5,6 V

[ 5. 32 I

De-sl'0VJ -1 ~ f(OIM ExalM.fte 6.13

we- Kuou) 6Ltae

R s :: 80/(.11401< = 26.6 l<.J'l. VSS:: 4v , V£::. 3 . .3V

tor 1Il0 JM.i,lILa../ .I IE c- A \M A --> ((t;:: jKuz.

.I.E: ~ V£38 - VSE CD

RE + f(a/(()+-l)

f()r(3_::50 I.E::: O.Cfl(IMA

(3 = /50 :I.e = -1. OL(lMA

!J.I~ = /.Ot.{ -0. 94 = 0.1 WlA

i.e 10 ro 0t '" JMA

Des,. ~ II) 2.: (("OIM EX'aWlf1e 5.13 we. <J K IA.O W eJ,A.a. /;

R.s: 8J<1/4/(::1..b6K~

for VlO\M.; 1Ita.1 x:e -:::- "1M A -'> R. e z: .3. S K v? •

..subs /;,-f:. ul:-,'\I(_c<" i 1/1 cD Jar

f> ::. 50 auri-J (J:: /-5

~:: 5 0 x» = O. f8L/VlAA P = /50 IE=- O. qf5 INIA

~.Le :: O. OllWl4

I . e. -1.1f fa of -1lM A

5.33

tOUt I« a tA 6 aoe :

R.c.. £. 8 :: o n:

JZe = fj -0. =1 v z: L[,. 5 K02. -1W1A

f Of k,.~2t voibaee ea."-"" ----7 V /arJ e v U VRc

to a.llow.zV ~W;vt~_ wlo

f 0.. t I ,'\.t,5 I' III f; a .ga.l:. v( tJ.1:,i Ok slc e « 2.4V

~ Vc. '" -o.~ + 2..4 = l.=7v

Rc : t1 0 - I . ":l ~ 8. 4 K Vl.

O.q~YYlA

15.34 I

Vee '= + 2.4 V J ::r. e ::. 11M A Vee ~ + '1 OV , />::: 1.00

Vc = 2...4 V ':' 0.=1 + "\M . «8

-

f.;+-t

--c> Rs::. 1'12 Kvz.

Rc =(10-2-.4)V so 1-.6 KVl.

AWl A

[ 6.35

+IOV

Ie co 1I~.4 =o.al~ f-> ~ 1

VS:: - _I.s. lOOK = -.fV

Ve :: LO - .I.e. .1-.5K 11N2A

Ve. = +2.6 V

For FI·~. 5.47 (b)

A ff/~YWj E i1l1· (5. =1~)

~ WlA :: +,Ov~ LOY -o.~V R.

=o R.=I'L3Kvt

5.36 l

Lc :; .I..j e V"Se I VT I.e.: Is eV6E./VT

4 :aLc./

v'M --

a USe ie: Ic

= Is. e VeE IVT) .

Vi' le ;: .I. c

-::. t: I

Vr ie :: .I.e.

Tlcos I ~1M = ~ U VT

Q.l3..0

«WI:: Ie. /VT

V -: tf/O.025=40w.A/V r e -= y.!. -::: Vr :: .z -5 ~ V = 1.~ c.I2.

..Ie :I.e. -1 .0 \ItA ~

Frr ; ( ~+t) (e. III f-><Swt

~ tlQo/40 )(105 = 2..-5 K Jl.

[ 5.38 I

w ~ e f e 0 ~ = Ie=- If ~ It = 4. a 'lAA.A

- - -

VT z-s M;l" v

--;, tf£ = -40" 10 = -400 v/v ube

Ueo:) ::: Vc. + lfe (~)

':t (Vee - f<.c.I.e. ) - 4 00 os« (1:;-)

-= ( 15 - 1 0 11.-1 ) - '100 x o. 00 '3 SlH I4Jt

-= 5 - 2,8;11'1 we } Volt-oS.

i-&(_.f::) ':" Is +l'/:'Cf:)

'=- Ie + (C!. U:)

r.;-

': lOaO}A + j"'" lfbe. U::)

lao _~ (!> -.3 L

:: '0" II'" 40.10 )( 0./0 ~/'u We /fOo

-:::. t10t 2-c1iM wt 1/4

4s iJ,1 exctlM Fle 5. Ib :

£)C = 0.99 J fe:: VT; 251M: Z~..n

- -

I.e a. 13 K4

5.4Q

(~) PC A\I1Q.( US j!

+IOV

~.Ie " 0<. IE ::' O. q if 1MA

®"/IQI ~"""'I

® ---i7

VB II -O''''-~I ~-+ J<./O

• -a·lv

- -

Vc.: )0 - o.~ql< 8' Z zv ~(§)

Ve =-'0.1-0.1

-e, -o·8V

@

(b) jWl:: :tc :: o. 99W1A c: 4o~

vv Z5J.IIAV V

frr = A -= 100 -= .t.s K& J"" 40 kAJrlv

fo:: VA e 100V ==- IOQKtA

Xc O.qQWtA

z .51<04

U'rr -::: (101/2.:5) -::: 2. = 0.5

lFs (1t:J/lz.-5) + 2. ~ + z

Vy -= - 3 W\ \rtf ((0 1/ 8 ~ /1 B K ) = - '(0 (100 II 8 /1 8 ) if TT

= -153.8 t/n:

~ = -T=i v/v

vs

NeJJeeG"k~ (0 :

~ = - 0 .5 V. L( a (9118) :: - 80 v III Vs

i.e. au error-at + 3.9 'Y..,

Reter Co F .. ~. c5 .'ll :

.I.e = t:JtI 'C O. 'It( ;( '1 waA --,., 1N\A I.s :: Ie / (} ::' O. Q1\o1\AA

Vc:: /0- gKx1Wt :: +ZV

ve = -O.ot \.o\A >< 100 K ': --1 V V€ -:: -1 -0.1 :: -I. tV

Allowable u-tC\.xi\MV!M 8w"0 CUe: up: r-: Vc to Vee

d~wlA.: t (0 IlIA. Vc 1:.0 Ve' evC!u a.s Vs ... Vc I:: 0.4

~ =- 100: up I Vee - Ve :: + 'B V

d a cow I v» - Vc '= 0.4

-;> Vc. I ::" -1.4

$w/'''''j= -1.4-2.,= -3.4v ~ -:. 60: .:r: e: ---1 1M A -';P Vc = +zv IS" O.OI'l61M-'7Ve, ::.-I.'i~ uf I +-8 V

dolo«, (-/.~b-o.4)-2_:::. -4·4V

~ -:.200: I.e. "-'1W\A _,. Vc.=+Z.V IS:II O.005'HA./t -';>"6 .:-0.5- Up I +g V

dau/« I (-0.5 -0.4) -..2.:. -.2..-9v

5.42 I

J'eter 1::0 E. Xo.l.UF Ie 6.1 t

TUe FOU OW ilA ~ rQ.fo...lNt€..bef S o.fe iwdereu'tJeut 0t l3{~ Q,lAd lL, aud 6 Lt. u s ( e lM.a.i (A.. U

o w lZ-U a.u 0 e.d :

£L': qOOKu At'9.=5'7-ZA/A

R.o -;: 1·431<1.i. Gw: 7\MAIV Avo ~ 10 V!v

(}ONT.

G[)' R.,'I/I • Ava, f(, .: 400 ICIOte to

R.t''II r~s(~ I<.Lt-l<.o (t;a;;.laO)1(i;'

J f,t.(~·

Gv = 5,83 VIV

Or/a: ~. Ava· roo «io = e.ie

- - v/l

1<.(:+-R31~ qao.,..zoo v

~ R.oue • ~ ~I-- f<.1... '"/OK.( 8.t8 -1)

6v 5.s?>

~ut: 4.03 K(,t

Lb) 1t5i~ = too KlA. ,I<.I- -; t.os:«

J [doubt ed )

1 ue IA. f{ out t's I::ue .sat.ue as t'1-l eXaAMEle 5, l-=1 j slua e R.s:'~ /8 vJ..taUi:4.Vt~ eel; tout '" .2..8'6 «« r;vo = l/o{)J)( 10 = 9 V/v

faO-l'lOQ

=> (; v -:: q It zo = 7. g~ vtv I a lso za» ..2..96

ev= ((,''-1 , Ava. it -1> /(//A e- 538~c..t

Rt'IA + «Slj Gf<o

Lc.) R.,'w = 5..38 J«(Jl as itA (6)

R.ovt; 0:: 4.[--,3 K.1.fl (0..) ~ GVQ ... S .IS- vtv --'7 GtJ = ~ v rv

I 5.43 I

Fcai« Exercise 6.41:

Ie = If \Nt A I I8 : 0.01 I.M A C' :: I 00 , V -4 1& 100 V

~ e = 8 K) R. 8 = '00 It(. lA..

Vc. = + z. V I VB::. -1 V} ve = -1.1- V

cJ) RiVi = R.b II ClT

fn-:::, Vi lI.e '= 2."5K.c.Il

f<.i\.1 (_wlo ~8):: \1f ~ g,.5Kvz . R_ilA c W /(6) ;' 2.-5K II lOOK -::::-

= 2...4391< ~ 2·41<. (f) Allo = -JIM. (_ (011 Re )

r 0'::. VA 1.I.e. C' 100 t( ~ 8""" =.:fE I: 4o\M VT

Avo (wlo fa) to -ttOIM X 8 K. = - 320.l!.

- V

A I/O (tV (0) '= -401M X (S 1< 11100 Jt:) '=' - .t96 wv

__ -

® /(ovt :: R.c 1/ ro

fZaui: (wlo (0) = 81(tJt taut (w fa)= 7.4KUl.

@ A L'8 = -,~ IlIA. • R.;Yt

A;~ (wlo ~) = -401« x2.~K '='-loOAIA

It ie (w £'a) = - 4 0 1M. X. 2.. 43 '( K -=:-ri.6::- - <j<d AlA

® A (J: - ~\oW ( ra /I R.c /I/(L)

A \f '= - 4 a ~ (100 It. 118 J( 11-5 K. )

v

:= -!If( v/v

@ Gu '= -(3 (R.c. II f<.l./1 (0) flf'" R.s "j

~ - 100)( ( 8 K 1/ S~ 1Iiook ) 2.-5 K.+-51<

'=" -31'v/v

6.41..{

f(8I'~: 5K .n 1 R.(,.. -= ~ 1< Ul.. R.. .. V1 = 4 X 1<.8'~ ~ .z..OKc.t.

o R.'-w s ~6 /I f(,'b • IOO/( II R/ b fOf R/IA = to K. -~ ~ib ", zs K. a R. iJ> : (f; f t) ( rTf + £e)

.2.-5 J( -- 100 x (2:5 +- /(e)

___:;, R.e :: .2. 2. -5 elL

@ Avo == -~wt,f(c :: -40 x8

.., ~~ \M Re -1 + 40'" 0.2.25 Avo = -3'7lV/V

® R.out = R.c = 8KtJL

@ A sr z - R.c II RL ::. - ( 8 I{ 1/ (, K)

r e + l<.e 2.. 5 + 2.?- 5

':" -/2...3 v/v

® (}(/ = -8 (R.c II R.L-)

R.s'j + (~t-I) (fe+ Ite)

': -- ~ Q 0 )( ( % I< 1/ G 1< ) ~ - q. q v Iv 51( + lOI)t (2-5+ 225) =

(f) AiS = -~ -= -100

R9,'3 "

ev ~Kl~,~----,

+ 'R,e f) ,'b

IJSiQ -,' "

I.,) tao k:

,

~.

r· «,'V!

ZSK w ~e

R.ib = ( () + I) (( e +- «e )::2.~J< w/o ~~

'R. IV)'" '00 !t:./I Rib <; ZOK w fC.e 2,4K LAlla I<..e

\lrr = Vs,'$' «,'",

f(s t- Ri'-1

I 5.45 I

f<.c. = ~ K Vi. ) (J = 100 J .I. :: t1 W\ A ((_1J {~. 5 KJ}- , R. L:: 5 K VI.

@) f(/¥I 'Z fe :: ~ = Z.S HA-V 'C. 25 \It

;r:_~ -1 \4A A

@ !ttro = «\oW .!<..c :. A'WtA x 8 J<

U Z.5"",V

-= + 320 v/v

@ R.o = Rc: :: 8 KlA. @ All = ~ ~ . (R.c.1I RL )

~ U40lM. (_ '31< II 5J() -= 12 3 ~

=V

@ ~ '= (e = 2.5 -:= O. OO'Sk

(J.s R.8'~t- re SK+ZS V

{!'ONr.

@ Gu ~ Dl (~c /1 «L ) R3iS +-(€

=- o. f'l)( (~K /I 5 I< ) = O. 6 ~ -== V

5K. +-2.5

6) ) { GIJ = 3'{ -;:> ~S/J IlL ?

V ~ S I~ = 0( ( R. c (/ ~ ,-) - ce Gv

- 5L( I/l.

I 5.46 ,

({s '~ = 50vt =-::> R.,"1/l::: fe :. 50Lll fe • Vr =P I.. -= 2,6""",v

-

J:. ~

I :. a.oMA

0lf .. 100 Lllv =: 1)( (f<.c II kJ 1U1:~ +-(e -:;> ~ II RL ::: /00 «c ~o of- 50) ______ =- 10 It:. VI..

lotai I( /14 aotteebo r

I -5'£(1 I

+vcC!

~-=lao VA::. IOOV

- VEE.

::r:.. c ~ :I.. It __.;:. .:r.. c. &: :5 &.1A A fa = VA -= toov = 2.0 I( c.It

- -

Ic. 5~A-

f e c: V. :: Z~IM. \I z: 5c.J2

I. -5w.A

CD R,b-=({!>+I) [re+- (foIIR,,)] ::: 10 I . [ 5 + tzo /( /I t1 K) ]

= 96.~KVl.

(!) «.I'V.= 1<611~ib:: 40KII ~6.1-K. ::: 2. 5.3 K.VI..

@ Gu.: Rt3 • (fj +-1) ((a V Rt.)

t<SI~ r «6 (1l..,'!>JI 1.5) + ,/

((}rl)(fe +- (0 IJ RL) := 40 ",[1.01 x (WI< /I,., 1<) 1 {JOr 40)/1 OI<./Ii.(O") + 10/ (5 + ZO,.tIll"~

pGV:' O. 735v/v

(5) Gvo· ((8 • _fc;...;;_o _

Rs i$ or f{e:, ~.'5 111<8 .,.. t« .,_ (Q ~ .,.1

::: 4.0 , !2.o I<

10+-40 UOlt.I/t.tOK)+-5+ ZOK 101

-= O. S v/v

--

@ R..ov/:;· (0 II ( (e t-(RSI~ U 1<8)) ~+l

'= .2.0 ~ \I ( 5.,. (I a J(. " 401< ) )

~

~ 2..0 I<. II fJ4

-- g l.{ cJl.

==

""

Vo ::' .I. f<.L ~ 5 \0\1\ A ~ 1 KVl. = 5V

/\ "'"

Va = Vrr )I.. (£.L/lro )

(e fe

Y--- Va /\

(al//(L ~rr '= _lo"",v

==:> Va:. {.qV

=

@ G<J:: 0, s " 101 (ZOIC II /(L)

8 J( + / a I ( 5 of '2.0 K. II R L)

Rt.. ~ zr. -7 &V # 0, ~69 v/y aOAJr.

RL = 500 -7 Gv ::: O. ~85 V/v

I 5.l17? I

jYl.1=::r..c ~/hvtA ..". 4o~

VT 2-S~v v

C -IZ-~

de= 't F . 0 ~ = to x 10 )( L{ 0 y. / a

=: 0YrF

cJ e '::: 2.. CJeo =.J.. x to z:: ~ OfF

elf: Cde+~je::: O.84pF

6.49

/ Vt fe I c- l..! _, to = l!_

f 50

-=9 fr =- 500}tl1l

I 5.50 I

D'ffUS/OVl e~lM.f0J,(e&A.1.: Of err at .I.e "t " Hot A

~ I(},~ -2.::: 9'~fF

S"'I1c.e Cde IS ffofoftJot.1..a..l to Ie. ) I:Ji e IA. :

Cde (Ie =OA\4tA) =: O. g:t fF err (I.e.:fL 0·1"", A) := Z. 89- f F

fr (I.c.=o./\MIt):= H"'-1.

2. tr C rH- cjl)

4 x lO-3

2.TT (2 .s~ .,..z ) x 10-1t. - ,3Q .-1 N H~

--

-

5.61

~AH ::: -3Q/2...::: -/9.5 v/v

A 1-1 -= - 'R 6 • rTf. SM. RL '

((.8 "'~8i.5 fTT ... (x ... ( R..SII ~.,(s) AM;: -loa • .1..5" 4a.tcJ3tt.R.t..' laa +'5 (_1.~ + oo s f (-WvIIS)) =- - 0 • 0 '3 X RL 1

~RL 1 :: /.5 K.Jt = (a 1/ /(_e 1/ f(L

L-5 K LA :. (_ loa II '8 /I f(L) f('w :. 7.LlKIlRL

----7' R.L.. a I. 9 K. Ul.

@ fH::;1 /(815. 1.651<'"

eit ct«. I< SI5

C I'VI = err -I- C j-t. (,., + j kc R c I ) ci« := t'" If (tf +-L{o)(l(l)lI.?~ /(J) "::: ~8~F .

==7' fH = I A -= 1.4Z}fI-/l:

.2rr 68' p . /.65 K.

[ 5. 6Z I

eel '= CE: Cc2. = tfp F

J YV\ :: 40Wllt -7' Ie = 4 a ... )( 25144

V = t1IMA

(IT ':: i.-5 KIA. :: .§_ ~ (.> = ~ 00

0~

r e = VT ":. .2.0$\1\.1. v:: .2..5 tI2.

IE -1 ~ A-

f - t1

pI - ---------

2.rrCcl [R..8//(fT+Rsrj]

...,

2. TT 'Vt [ 1001( 1/2.I)K. + 5 K ]

fp2. :: 2.2 K. Ht

fr3 = t1

zrr. eel. (R.c + RL)

.2rr."P (_8K+-:5~) f P 3:: 12 . 2. H~

I 5·63 I

R.eter to F,'S' e 6 ·53 VOH ..... Vee -IRe

wkere I. = Vee - Vse «. c. + 1<.8 N

t~lJ~,

Va H = Vee. - !<..e . Vee - VeE Rc. + R..s

a.e.o . N

ro, VC!C!:: + 5 v I ~e =1 KlA.

N = 5 I R..e ~ «a« t.Jl

VOHwS-I><5-o.:} '= 3.6V { + 10

-

5

6.,

(0.) Ihe. n-\." ...... u..rn Yo.I""e of ID oc.~t"s wh.e.t\ VOY= O.2.v 0.,,6 ~::.o.,. -t'ho-+ .5

t,

"1he ",",~~,,,,,,u.. ..... v ... 1""e,. 0+ .:to oc.c. ....... ~ W"eI"' Vov= 0.-'1" o.",d ~::. 100, +h ... + is

l-

(b) For 0.. 5 ...... ·.lo-.r ro."3 e, of c.u. ... re.nf if' o.n "'P" +ro.I\sis+or, we. ho.ve.

1. .",. I A .I e V'se."' .... /VT"

c.", .. l'l _ =>."' _ ~S:::..;:::;_ ..,...._

1:c;, ...... - O.cg~A _ Is e VS6"';"/v-r

(V'ae. ........ -Va .... i .. )/V'T 6V'Bli/"T 3.'",,,

==>e =e::._

o.~I"R

For o.n NMOS ~b,.ic;;.c..+e.d in .fhe. 0.5,.."" proc.e$$,wi+h Ji.=,o. we. wc..n+ -to-Mnd

L.

+he. +r~nsc..onch, .. c..+c-t\ce o.nd +he. in+rinsic

9o.in ob+a.ine..d +or +he followi"j drc..in c..u.rre...+s: (L..= 0.5)4-"")

,

'-0::' ~= ~ = .20l'l0.S ::.1 M.n.

Ip .J: 0 IO,.A

int,.;nsic. 9o..in =~ ... '-o = o. 'l- ~,.I1''''.n.:::. .JDO~

Fo Io-=- loo,/'"A we. ho.ve.:

~ = J .1 ~n Cox (.~)io = J-:l.-,.-I-"'-O-l'l-IO-"-IO-O

9 .... = 0.62 ,...A ::::: 0.6 ,...A " "

,

ro =- ~ = .:l.D It o.~ = 100 I'n..

J:D fOO,.PI

CI '-0:' o. 62 ~)C 100 kfL.: 62. y_

J"" v "

For I.o::. I I'\'\A

9,.,,=; :2f'nCoX(~ )Io =/270 I<::fOlt IOl'lI!:! .:2.. ~

,,~ L.. 2...01'0.5 __ 10 '"

'-0:' _= ---- ...

:to I .... PI

~or o..n NMOS fo.bri c.o.+e..d j" ~e. O.i5J'-"' CMOS +e.chnolo.9Y Spe.c.i+iec! in ' ... ble6.1 w·,oth L= 0 .5J"h-. , W:. 5"..,.... I a.nd Vov=' o:~v we ho..ve

It)= ~ ;-,.,Goll )!:L v';: =...!.. 'QO ~11.§_ "o.~~

L- :l. ,,1 0.':1

xo-=- '85.5J"A

3 .... = ~::;. :Lx ~5.5)"A :; O.5~~

Vov 0.3y v

:l.D )( o.~ ~"=1- I'.n.. '85.S)"A

fT= ~.... -

.l.r\(C~ ... +~.I) .2." (3.~ + 2..)

-FT":~' S GHz.

I", +he. c.~,-en+ sO"""t'ce of EX"""""'ple. 6.~ we. ho.lle.. Io': 10oJ'-A ~nd we w"",,+ +0 red""c.e -the chCU\"je. in o .... +pu..+ c..o.v-,.e.n+,AI." c:..o,.,-e$pondin." +0 0. 1V c..ho.n.,!le in o""tp ..... -t vol+"'"je., 6vo, +0 "0+ Io. ~o..+;s 6Io: ~:. 0.01 L .. ~ .J..:!_ ::. 0.01" loo,..A

r". r"l..

r: _ V"; '" L.

0'2,-

.1:.0

L. = loa v = 5)4"" J.-Q v/J" ....

To Kee..p VOY 0+ +he. ""o.+ched +n;J.f\'Si s+or~ +he. SCV¥Ie. cr-S +ho-of of E."~"""ple. 6.oLt J ):!_

L-

of +he. +r.,.,nsiS+.,,.5 sh.o""td re.tY-o.:,,,, +he.

So..rne. "'l'here.+o('e

~ = 10Jl'm ~ W = 50~,"" 5J"'" I jNrn

So +he. d i .... e..f\s.·onS 0+ +he. ,_,.+c.h.e..d +~n'5:S+0rs Q, o. .... d Q~ sho ..... ld be.. c..h.o.nje.d +0: IN=- 50)4"" ..,.. .... d L= 5",m

For +he. c.irc ... i+ ,. _ ~ (""/'-)'2,

",- RE.F

(W/L..) I

I :. I~ (w/l..)5

5 (W/L.) ...

Since 0.11 cho.h"e.1 1e.n3-t-hs o-re e<:J. ..... cd (L.,=L.~::· .. ::L..S=I)'" ... ) o.nd I.1I..E1F_IO,..A, I~= 60rA I ~3= .2OjNA , I~= I'3-:' ~,..R ",""d :r...!) -= 'SO,..A, we.. h.0..\1 e.'.

X - .I Wz.. __ Wa, _ :t'2, _ '0 - r: 2- Il.Ef- --y _---_-0

W, 'IN, :LftliF 10

:r.", order +0 allow -the. vol+o..je. 0."+ +he.. dro..in of Q;z. +0 ,:jo down +0 w·,+h.in 0.2..'1 of +he. n~",+lve. Su.pp\y vol+~e we.. ne.ed VOy'_= O. '2-\1

or I ..... (W) V 2. 'K' (W V ~

-'-;l_::' - J,j, '-O~ - .. O"I~ - n -) DV&

2./1\ L-" 2. L-a.

(~) = 1:l.O ~15~Wa,= 15 .. L.~

L- ;z. 2-00,. (0.2.)1.

Wz..::.fSrm ~ ~::.6~W,=~=)..5",.,.

w, 6.

1.n order +0 a..I'ow +he.. Itol+o..je. a...+ +he.. dro..'" of Q~ +0 ~o u.p +0 wi+hi" O."2.v of pos ~ +ive. s"'"p ply we ne..e.d VOYs -=- 0.'1."

I ' (IN ~

I. s:" 3:' Ir-p L:').; Vovs ~

I::t:!-) ;::. 214 ~o :. 50 -:::::!:? W ~-::. 100 L..s

\:1- .!) 1. ~

"So x (0."2-)

WS::: 5o)A''''' ~ =..Lf ==?I" W4f

WJ.t= SOJ""'=I.J...SJA''"'' ~

CONT.

CJ _".. _ VA _ 'OOV __ 9'8#W'L= 'OO~~

"O-'oa.- --

z.o '.0 2. ... A

V .. c.

Io= IREF ( '+ Va-VeE.) ~

I of- (':1/ e, ) V Ft

O.S ..... A::. :LREF (' + ~- o·T ) ==>

1 + :J..~oo So

IREF=O.S ..... R 1.02.. ::.o.~q":f",A 1.02..6

I - Vc:.c._ VeE R Vc.c.- Vee:.

REF- =9' =----

R IRee

R-::. 5-0.~ -::. ~.3 = s .65 "'-n..

o.~qT""A O.-'1q':f

V ·-v -o"3v

0 ....... - C.6S""T - .

For Vo= 5'0') fro,...., ~lAo.+ .. on (6.:1..6) we. hQ.ve. :

:to-=- :tR6F (I ... VO-V&E)

1 ... (~/~) VA

I.o= O.~9,:?- (,+5-0.~)::.O.S3~A

1+ 2../100 So

..:r~"or;n~ +ke, e..ffe.c..+ 0+ +ini+e. o .... +p .... t resis+o.nc..e.s. we. h~"e..

I..=- .I.l.= ... = .I.N= IC.QR6F

.I LC.Q-Ef Ic:.1 .:cc. ..

= ~ +-- ..... ···T-

~ ~ ~

1'01 .... 1 + ...... c. ..

L =- ICQ~6F (_I_+_I_~ ... +....L)

~ ~ ~

I=.ICQ ~

~EF ~

Ff"o""" (-It") We... "0.'0' e. ..

For 0.." e.rror 00+ e.)C.c.ee.din" 10i:. we.. need :

IRE.F '- I (._ 0.1)

1 N+ 1":- REF

+-

~

N+I~IJ~ N~IO

Ihe Mo.~il"f\ ......... "",,,,,,ber of OI.A.+p .... t$ for

CaNT.

an error no+eJCc:.e.e..d;~ '0'- is N.=IO. 1.f fhe error is re.1-\Aire.d +0 be.. Ie.~s~ IOZ +hen we. ne.ed N < 10. In -this C4.Se. +he. MC."~I"Y\""-M nu.mbe.'" of o ..... +p~$ for 0." erro ... of Ie..S5 -fho.." l0i. i~ N:.9.

USi"j ~wo.-+-ionS (6.:2-q) o.nd (6..31), we. Co.n w,.i+e +ke, ,e.ne..ro.l form of #.e. +ro..I"sfe.r ~+ion of a. direc.+-c.ov.ple.d ~l'Y\pl;fier as:

Res) = A .. ,

whe r e

.+_§o__

~" 4=3"r.

so.in 0+ -the. CJ,.N\plifier o.nd .f 3Ja is +he.

'-'ppe.r ode ~ .... e.r-c.y of -the ().tY'\pI i.fier. In -this CC\.se. we. hC\.vCi!. Ad,=- 1000 ""d f'?lOe= 100 I<;.HZ.":.IOO~IO'!o HZ:.'OSHZ.

IS:

A (S) =- __ '_0_0_0 __

1+ s

:l.n" 105 ~Q.i,,_b~dw~d+h proclu.c.+ in 5 ~

,000" 10 = 10 Hz.

16.,0

For- +his o. .... pli.fie.r we. ho.ve.~

H(S}~ __ ~A~M~ -

(f+~) (,+.i-)

Wpl wp~

l3y de.+lni+ion 0.+ w=W", we.. ho..ve.

I :L Aa.

H(jc.aH>I=; ;>

[I +(O'~~PI)'" J [I +(O.9wP' tJ = 2-

~PI I<. ~Pl

(I + 0.92.)( I +t~):l) = 1-

~

09):1. (Oq '&.

I +c.--:-- = I. 1 -=* ___:..._) = o. f =?' k= 2. .:n

Ie:. f<:,.

I.f ~H= o.Q9 wp') +he..n :

[1+ (O.99wP'tJ [1+ (o.<::tct WPI )~] =2.

c..wp, Kwp.

16.,'

Us.i"'j E.'V""""+ion 6.'3G (no+e +ho..+ i" +hi .. c.e.se, +ke, -z.ero!> c..re.. a..+ s:.co) we... ho..ve.:

ww=- '/R~-1-~)::' 'IJ_!_ +_J_

wp. wPl. ~l. ~_,-a.

-PO' -P'

WH~ WPI/rl _,

~ 1+ t::.L

I=or k.:.1 ~ (..)H=_2_~PI=O.TI~p,

,fi.

ro r -the co..se 0+ I<. =- 2... I ~e. e.J(o..d vo.llM!. of WH c. .... '" be ..fo"",d frol'Y\ +ke, .follow,,:,

x""+ ("-1.+ 1)')('2._1'-.1.= 0 ~ Xz. __ (k.2.-foI)+j(Ic:."l .... lr' .. +~k.1. .2-

In +hi 'So c.eese., the o-ppro)l.im",+e. "cJu..e. of (,JH is:

wH= C,..JP./.[,+_,_ = O.84wp,

1:,2-

For Ic:.= ~) U'5'''3 ~~.c:d·ion(*)~ +he.. exo.c.t vo.lu..e. of (.,.lH is'.

w ... -=- o.qSwP'

I.n +hi s c.(OI.$e. -the. o.ppro)l~ rno..+e. """Iu..e. 0+ w,., is:

w ... -=- wp, /,1 I ::..O.~T(.Jp,

" I -4--

k..L

16.12..

For'" the.. o..mplifie.r'" In E.xa..rnple. b.b we. ho.ve AM::' -lo.'S V/v o..nd f'w= '.2..~.~Ic.H~, -the~fore) -+he.. ~o..in- bCM'\.dwid+h prodw:..+ IS: 10."a')cI2.tg."3= '.'3'SS6HHZ.:::: I.'3CjHHI.

"Z:'ss .... 't:'9~ = I = ~ca~. 'l. "se.c:.

..'l.n,.I'aOtH-z..

"t:.!)S=- 'ito.'6l"\sec.~ "C:Jcl:' "g"i5"'t.2.. _'iO.8 C.::Jd= <g03.4 nse..c.

-c,d. =- R"" C.::J~=(R '+ R~+,9 R~R') CSd

R' ~ Ri,. J I RSi.j :. '60. 'S 14.n.. • .3 ::. 4 "",,8, C~"':., pF

Th""s

<iso~.~ nSec.: ('io.'~Jc:..Q. .... R~+32.:..'l.R&.) ... 'pF ~ "3:l-"'t.::z.. R'L:: '8"O'"!>.""nsec. _ "g o. ~ t::..n,.

IpF

::::::;.- R. ~ :. ":1-.2. '2. . (; "..t\. :. a.. 2 '3 ~..cL '3,l. ... 2.

=:!7 R'L= 2. 2.'3k...n....

Foor +h·,$ vo.J. ... e, of R',- we.. howe.

A - Rift ( ~')

.... - - ':3 ... "L..

Rj" + RSi.!j

AM = _ '" :1.0 "...Lt .. :1.. 2:' =- ":1-.2.. VI"

42-0 -fo 100

"1he.,.efo,.e., 1-he. ,9o..in _ba..ndwidth produ.c..+ is \ ":1-.2.. K I 'go i(.H-z..::. 1.296 M H'Z..o:::: 1.3 MHz..

16.13

,o!(..n...

Usi~ M i lIe..r s +he.ore."" ""e. h ... .,e.

V• Ri... V· --d V - n.'.

• I - S,!) _. 0- -" " ,

Ri .. +I ... .n...

A (VI.,) Ri,,(.n..) V; ( ... ,,> V. e")

100 qq eto -9 -"I
Now we. wo..n+ +0 find +he. VoJ",,~ 0+ R',,-
+ho.+ will res~1f in fH-= I 'iOJc.Hz.. ~e-Fer'"rin,j ,000 9.QC:Y "'.9 -." .ct _9.9
+0 +ke sol",tion of E.xo.. ...... ple. b.b. we ~ve,
~5s -+ ~,d = -'- =. -'- 10000 o.qqq -q.94 _9.99
eNH .J.nfH 16.1-'1

.

,.. .. ::.~= :u:> .. o .... :.'io!(..n.

LO '001"1\

W :. 6. 4J"'rn

Fo r L::. o. OS' jl-rn we hQ"e:

:l..I:o _ .2...x.ooJ"A :: o.'iS~ :1,..,=- --

vov o . :l."=,v \I

,

'-o:::.~:' ~o .... 0.8 = 16oJC...n..

ID IDDJ'-A

16./s

VD'D ~

Q., Q~

:I".... .......-4 Q, v;

-: ~

we. ho.ve

J:RE:F :. I:P3 = 1:0'2. = Ipi ~ 1: D,:' IREfIOO .... A 9 .... ,:= J ::L~nCoJt.(~ ), I.D, :=. J:2. JC. ... ( :), :LOI

rOI:=' v~ ... " L., :: 5 II 0:36 .:: 1'SK...Cl..

:LD, O.I,,",A

~ A.,o:: - 3 ...... (ro, II ro;a.) = _ 1.2.':> .. (I ciSl<: • .n. II 2.1.6)

Rv:::. _1.25 JC q ."B2. = - 1.2...~ v/"

b.I6

.I.=O.I .... P> , Ri:::.rn=Jl!_= ~V'L 3... J:

R;:.. 100" :2.,:>",,'1 = :l.5Jc..n.. 0.' """A

"-0).:' ~ = Sov = '500J<:,..n..= O.~M.n..

1: O.I ..... A

A.,:. -.9~ ( ro. (I f"0'3.):'" - -'1 (Soo l\ c::,oo) A,,:=. _IOOOJ!..

v

Refe.rrin~ -to +ke, Sol~+io .... 0+ EJco.""ple 69 ... he. vo-lu.e of -FH de.+er .... ine.d by +he. e"a..c.t Q.nQ.lys;s is~

fH= +P,:", 1-'15.3 MH%.

Also} AM=_.2..3v/v »there+ore., +h~ ~o.in-bc::r..ndwid-th proch .. c.-+ (GBW) is:

12..31' 1-'1'3.3~ I.~ G"''Z.

Si"c.e. Gf3W is less +ho.n fp;a.:'..J. ...... 5 GH'l. o-ncl fz.:: ~oG.Hz,~erE!fore i+ is a. ~ood "'pf'f"b7<,m ... +ior\ for +he U¥\.rty ~.,.;n .fr-e.~enc::.y.

16.1~

Re:fer .. ;n~ to +he. -s.o/",,+ion of E.xG\,.""'ple 6.9, j,f Q. lo ... d res;s+or is c.annec..+e.d 0.+ -+he OI.A.+p ..... +, ho..lvi"_j the. vo.l .... e, of R'L.,+).,e.n we ho.ve Ro'L.= ro, II r01 o.nd therefore.

2..

U$i".j e.,}I.U>'o+ion 6.E.6 o. .... d o..S.s ............ inj +M=fp, we ho.ve

I

+-H:: ----------------

.:2." I[C~STC~ (I +9,..R:)]Rs~;- (CL. ... S.,)R~}

.J:u -== -~------.....---------:

.l.n {[2.o.ft: ... SfF (I"'G.'5)]IO)(''s\+(;L5 ... ~Y'l:~

f ... ~ 2.2.6 M H2.

6.ICf

Referri"j +0 +he.. sol .... +i on 0+ ElCo.. ...... ple 6.Q, i+ the. c:..rnp/ .. fyi",,j +n::o.nsis+or is opera..+ed 0.+ dO\A.ble the. va.(""e.. of Vov by u.s""!) ID:=. ~oo ,.AJ we. ho..ve:

Vov= l...)lO.16=O.32..V

9 - :t.o - ~oo,..A - ... r::. ""A/

"",- _- _.-a.."J /v

Vov/'J,.. 0':')./2

rol:= V;",,, l.., :. 5,. 0.:'6 =- ~.5 ~.n..

I.D 0.4 .... fI

"o~= V~PIl 1...). :. f,)I o.~6 :::. 5.4 k..n..

ID 0.-'11\"\1\

R~:::. rOI II r01.= .2..4 b~.n..

lAM I::: ~",R~= 2.5", .2.;",6 = 6 .15Y.

V

USinj ~I.\.o..+,·on 6.66 o..nd o.ss'-'''''i~f?~

we hu.ve

I

+w~------------~----~--~--

.lTl{ (l.ofF ... SfF( 1 T6.15)J'O t<:A-t' (2'5 ... '5). 'l.:"6)

+H=2.52.HH'Z ~ fp,=,fH=.2.S.2.HHZ.

16.2.0

r. _ VA" :=. ~ = 1"30 K..n.

Onp,,- I I ..... R

_ Sov = So~.n..

I ...... A

R"L-= '-o"p" 1\ '-oP"P = I '30 ~u.1I5ot::.n. R~= 36. 1<:.""-

~ ... =- v.l:. = ~::. ~o ~

T :2..5,.,.'1 V

From ~\A.o..+ion (Gao) we. ho..ve,:

A ..... =- rn (~ ... R~)

R5,~+r~+rn

== 5 (4 o s "36"'~=_1~5~

36. + 0.2.+ 5

AM:._I~~jL V

(b) USi"_j l'-1i lIe.r'5 +).,.e..or~ we.. ho..ve.:

Ci,..= Cn-+-c.,.{ I +~"",R~)

pF

== 16 P F- + o .. ~p F ( I + -"10 )Co "30) =.Lt~'a

c. i,,:. .lt~ "3 pi="

+ .. ~ _...:...1 __ - _.:... __ ------

2.nC;" 1<.'0;.;:;) .2.rtCi,,[rn II(R~I!JTr"')J

t-H:' I :.. 'lS 1..6. k.Hz.

2n)l~~'gpF [51\ (3",-+0'").)J

(c) Usin~ +ke, ~e.+hod o~ op~_~i,.c .... :,t +iV\'\e... c..o", ... +o.n+e. , .fro,"", ~\..\A+i 0,", (&..-:l-"?» we. hCUle....:

~ r~ I' • I

"C ... ::,C'J'\RSi!J"'" Cy.\..( I +3""RL.) RSij ... RJ+Ca.. ~

C.oNT.

we. "a.ve R~.:::,:. r n II( RSi:':,. ... r -x.) :::::. 4.~ Ic.n.

R~:::. r II r = 3ft Jo:..n.

o"P" op .. p

ih ... s:

eN ::.16 .. ~.3 .,..o.3RI+.£tO,.. 3b) -4.3+~bJ+~&~

eli -:. .2.I:1n~e.c.

of ... =- _J__ = -=1 S. I k..H-z.

J..nt:H

(d) Vsil'\j e'}"'A+ions (6.::fS), (G.=1'),o..nd (G.~=1) we ho..ve:

f :._j_ ~= _''Z. :;l..n CJ- 2.n

to\A

-40 v- ::<. :2.1.2. GH'2.

o:3pF

f __ I ,

p,- 2.n [CnTC~(' +3 ... R~)] R~!,j+(C,-+Cje.)R',,"

:::::? f PI = 7-5. , "HZ.

r _ I [_C.n1'C"..{1+9 ... R'I..)JR~i" ... (C. ...... C)")R: rp~ __

.2.n [C.n(C&.+C,.)+C,-C,. ] R~.::,R' ...

fp~= 2.5.2.. MHz.

'Since .fp,« +z. o..nd +p, «+P1 I th~s. fH= fp,:' ~S.I "'Hz.

(e.) + ... == I A,...I+ ... = 1=1-5)( -=1S.1 k..H1.-::.I'3.INNl. f.,.= 1"3.1 HHz..

6.2-1

Refe. rri,,~ +0 +he sol",,+ion of bQ. ... pl4to.lo we. howe f +-= I RM I f .... Si nc.e lAM I r'e.""o.inS +he.. SQ."",e. 0.5 +ho..+ of +he.. e.ICo.'-ple., +0 pi a.c.e. f ... 0..+ .2. GHz. we. I'\e~d

2.GaH-z. -= f.,.:::. I RM I f H:::' ' AM I

.2n (C,-+ C901) R' ...

=;> CI..::' I A~ I _ Cqd= 12.'3 _sfF

.l.n R ... .f... ;l n.9 .'82.lC-.A.a 2GtHl-

For 0.. C5 o..""'p' .. .fie..r .fed ~i+h RSi~=o we know (~IAA.+ion 6.'8'0) +ho..+:

r _ ':J .....

'1'" ... -

:l.n(G,-+ CSd)

d f. - ~ .....

0." z..-

.:l.n C:}d

i'he..ne.+ore I

fz. ::. 9 .... /('l.n ~d) _ -= c.,- + c.,d

f+ 9,../[.l.n (C ... +~cI)] C3d

f.. C,- ,'_""'" f-z. _ 1 c.,

~::.-+ ~ _- +-

.f... C~d f. + C.3d

wi+h +he c.o..pQo.c.ift:..nc.e CL..= SfF o..+-+k OI.A.+pu.+ I fror'f\ e.CJ-~+i 0\'\ 6. IOct we.. Ic.now \

"C ... =- _L_= C,9S R,s+ (C" ...... c.a.) R~d

.:l.nf ..

Ihu.s 'C..,-= J.t'3Sp$", 5fF~ ~5k..n.. t:w :::..Lt~~ps ... 3?5p~-= 'SlOpS

+H=__L_~ 196HHz. .2.nt:'H

Refe.r,-in_' +0 +he 50 1 ..... +,' on 0+ e" ...... ple 6.11 we. hQ."e.:

9 ......... 9 b= I. ::l.S .... 0.2. J' I. 2..'3=. I.S ~A

Avo::. I (9",1' 9",,,) ro= 1-+ 1.'5. I S ~ :l..~ ~

R. _ro+R~_I'iS .... IO -1IC..n..

.,,- - -

Avo a.s

Ro ... +:=. ro+ AVoR~::.I~ + :l..'i?,,\: ~61c:...n..

G.,::.Gvo_R...;'-;;._._=A..-o R ... -= :l..~~

R&,.+Ro...... R,-~ Ro .. t' 10 .... .£t6

CONT.

G.., :. 2.'8" ~ :=. 5::L

56 y

G. _ A"o Rs =- .2.'Sx I = 0.61 A/A

.<; - ~6

Ro .. +

Gi.:G,·s R t -O.b' -46 :=.0.5 A/A

Ro -T+RI.. .J.t6 +\0

R~5 = Rs " Ri .. ::. 1 k...n." 1 ",.n.. = o. S k....n. R!Jd: RL" Ro .... t::. IOf'...n..1I~6k.n.= 8.2.f'..n,

LH:::; C'S R5S+ C!Jd R,3d=- 20)( 0.5+ 5" 8. L "CH = 5, ps

fH:::! _'_=- ' = 3.1 GH~

21lL:'w :2.1'\)( 5'ps

16.2.5

we. hQ.ve: ro::. VA :::; ~ = lool<:-SL

I ',.,.R

". ~ - '00 - 2. 5 ... .n..

,n,=----- . ,._

:J..... .-Ito

t"'e.=~ :::: :l..~.'iJ.n.. (3+1

Ft'ol"f\ e,}""",,+ion (6.111) we, ha.lle.

'OOJc.tl. ... 1000k...S\.. '00 Jc,.J\. + 10 OOl'.1\. 1+---

,l. "f .1)J\. ~ • c:. """

R in~ 2.50..o,_

A - 1+9 r: =-1+~o)(,oo:.~OOI "/,,

'10- '"" 0 '"

1<0= t"'o= IOolc:..!\....

1<0 .... += t"'o + (I+~, .• ro) R'e. a.nd R'e= Rellf'", Ro~+::' 100 T (I + .Lto" 100) (I II :l. .5)= 2.'1"1 NJl.

G r"n 1"\ - 2..5 x400'-::::.l.~5~.~

v_:::; Myo - ..

r'n + Re. .:l.S ... 1

G,,:: GYa RL- -::. 2S'::l~)C. 1000 -=. -=12.~':!.

R ... -+ Roo...... 1000 +l.q.lfO V

"'Thuc;:, -For 0. 5..,..'" pea-I<:. si"e, wo.ve. o.+'*"'e. v I +ke, o""-tp ..... -t is. 0. s·,,'\e. wo..ve.. wiTh

OJ , ,

":I- 271-" S ""'v:::! 3. e.~ v p ea."-.

16.26

Re.fe.rri"'j +0 Fi.!:)\A.re. 6.~6(o..) -the.. mini"' ........ Vo.'\A.e. of VBIAS r~uire.d .for' 0- cc.sc.ode o.."""pli+i e..r is'.

Va'A"'- = Yov,+ Va.S'L

Sinc..e. VG.~.:.vG.S:l.:=' "GS o-nd Vov.:'Vov,:-Vov we. C.AIl wri+e..:

VSII'IS=' Vo., + Va.s = Vo,,+ Vov +V+,,= J..Vov+V+n

I I u. ,... IN V 1.. V j .2.:to =

0=-, ,,""-O~ - ov ~ Oy::'

:l. L- J"n Col< ~

Vo,,:::. 0.:2.6 V

VSIAS = 2.Vov + V+ .... = 2-,. o. 2.t:. -+- 0.6 =- I. 1 2. v'

Ib.27-

Ao,::' B"" rOl , ASS\,M'W\in~ Io=- ,oo)'-A we ho-ve.:

Q =/r':l.-, IJ,-eo-K-""-X.-O = o. 62 ~

J_ rn ~ V

v '

r ,= _J!.. = VA L ::. ~" 0.5 = 100 Ic...n.

o J:.o Io O.'..,.,A

Aol: B..,.,. rOI ::. 0.62 ,.,,00=6.2. ~ V

9".~:Q :::.O.b2.~)q ='){.Q :.O.I:l.~!!!!'

- J~' V ~_b~ J~~ v

r"o:a.::' ro I::' 100"".n.

Avo:a. ~ =7-5 vI",

Avo= _Rol AVO'L=-62)1:T5::'-~bSOL v

C,.oNT.

Ro ... f. = rOI= 100 J(....n.

1<.. _ I RL,.

'''3.- +-

g ... ~ + ~ ... 1It,,- A VOl.

R = 1<0",".,. o-.",d Ro.d-~ rol. + A ..... 1. rOI '7

R += 100,+ =f5 ,. 100 =- -=1-.6 M..n..

RL.= Ro .... f= T.G MA

R. _ R... +~

'''1.- +-

9 ..... J,.+~"'bl. ~ v o~ o.f .. l.'+O.l. ... O.61. ?-5

Ril"ol. -==. 103 k....n.

Rd. ::. rOt II [' + RL,. ] = ro,lI Rin'3.

" ... ~ ... !} ..... l. R ".1.

Rd. =. 100 lIIO'?> = 50. -:f Ic:..n..

A" = A" .. __ ~...;L.;;..__

o-.nd R ... = Ro ... -t ~ RL,. ... R.o ... ~

f+::=.....!- ~- _.....!- O.bl.~

.2." CL,. ... C~d+Cclb 2.n SJ:Fi' )..fF .. '?IfF

==?> f+= 9.9 GH'Z.

16.2-<S

Re.fe.ui n~ +0 +he. sol"",+ion of E..1le.rc.i5E!. 6:;z.o we ho.ve. ~",=..ItO m: o. .... d rn= 51t...n.. NoTe +ho.+.for +he c.o..sc.ode ~plifier CO"S.·II~et'e.c:J in -+his ey,~c.is.e.·.

rnl,.. rT\'J,.= r n = IS Ir:...J'\.. o.nd j",.=:J,..i'"'j,,:=-~o~ 'Ri..,= rnl ..... r1= 51'-"'-+ o. '2-):,-'\.._ 5. '2.. "-...n.

Ao== ~"'('o= ~Ox 130=5::l-00~

Rou.+I= ""0.::' r<»= t'3olc:...n..

,., r: rO&+RL. - Sit. 130-+50

";n -= C'l. - _.

'1 r: + _&:... .2.DO-t I 130 + 50

03, ~+I ~I

R;n:a. ~ 35..!\-

AM=_ rn :1 ... (~roIIR ... )

rn -1- r"'x, + Rs.,j

AM =- - :l.~:l. L

V

10 ~Ic;. .... t",-+e. + ... we. ~'$e. +he. ""e.+h.cd of ope.n-c.i,-c. ..... i+ +i""e. e..of\S.r"""+5. From F"~.....re 6 ... ~ we ho..ve;

R's .. ~= rn. II (r'X. .... Rs'_j)= 5"- II (o.'2.+:~E.) R'si3 =:.""1 "..n...

R ", =- Ft s i,:, = ~. ~ 6::-.J\.

Ro,= rOI II (_r-el.( ,.o~ ... :~)]

rO'l. ... -

~ ~;a.+1 __,.

•

R'n.

Ro. :.1"30K" 35A.~ 3S..S\-

1<.)". == R~:, (\ ... ~ .... Rol) .... Ro. R. 1'1 ::: 10.6 ):'.J'L.

CH-::.C.,,,Rnl .... C.JC'I RJ"I ... (C" .. , +c.n-a.) ROI

-+ ( c. L. + C. 'S'1. -t- c..I"3.) (R ... II Ro .... -t) ~H- 16pf"IIoJ.f.··U: . .A.+ o.3pF" 10.E.k.A. +(0+ .6pF),. 3S.n.-

+ (5p~ + <l+ o.3pF) (50 t:.. II ;j..bt-1.n.) 'C..t=339 nS

+", =.-.1-::. =: ~ 6q \C..He.

2n 'C'H 2T'\,. 3'39 "So

Go ..... pQ.r-ed +0 -the. c..e:.. .,..,....plif .. ~ i\"'\ E.xerc..;se 6..2-0, I AM I h~'5 inc.r-e.o.~e.d frorr- I':fS!.+o :J.42v/vJ + ... has ;f\Creo..'se.d

v

+rom ~5.1 "-H'2. +0 "'1 f,q tc.H-z. o."d f+ ho.~

i nc:..reo.sed +rorY\ 13. I MHz. +0 1I'3.5HHz. 10 inc:..reo..se.. f ... +0 I MHz we.. need CI-I:' __!,__ -= '5Gt "s ,-H,.""s,

:2nf",

16pF JlA.f.~):.J\. ... o"~pF,.1 o. 6. ".n. ... 16p~.~5J\. .... (C .. + o , ~p F) (5o", U:lob M..n.) = 15'1 nS

~CL,.= 1.4 pF

(~) ID.=- I o.nd Ipl.=:I. Si .... ce V01f, ... x,i-0I

we ho..ve: 1-

~::. ± ",peo", (~)1. Yo"" ::...!...

1.0• J_ J",. Co~ (!!::!..), Yo;' .I.

:2.. L..

~ K~ (:C-h = I ==r ( C):l::' ~" (~),

~~(~). Kp ~

L-

~ (~) =.J.t (~)

'- ~ '- I

(b) Since. c.""",re."+ Sou.rc.e.. I, is G'- Simple sj,,~Ie. +ro. .... sis+or c:.ir-c.<.4'+ s+""d;ed in Se.c.+i on 6. '2.. +or- prope..r ope..rc>..+i on i+ re.'lu..~ res Vov = 0.2." o.c..r-oss if.

I.f "" 0.1 II peo.l:;._'to-pea.k si_jn"" I swin,j is +0 be. ""lIowed .... + +he. clro..in of Q." +"e.n +he hi~he.s+ de. bio.s lIol+o..,je tho..+ c.o..n be. ~secl 0..+ +ho..+ poi n+ i ... :

Yoo- Vo" - ~ y"ea. ... _ ... o_peo.k.=- 1.'6_0.2. - ±"O.I = I.S5"

(c.) V'SGo1:::: VOy + I V~pl::. o.:l. + 0.5 = o.?-v Ihe.refore, +he. Io.f"je.s+ vo.lu..e +0 ""hic:.h V co.n be se.+ is. I.S'=> _ o.-:f:::. c.ssv

elf'!s

(d) Since e,..u...rl"e.,,+ so,-,rc.e. I'l. is 0.. +ele.sc.opic. CoQ.sc...ode c..u.rre.n+ soloM'"c..e... +he min;IY\'4(T\ de.. vol+~e.. r~v..ired c.,c,rQlt'> it +01'" i+s proper ope.ro..+ion is Vo" ..... VQV +ho..+ is 2.. Vo,,::' 2" 0.:1.:. O ... LW

(e) Fro ...... +he re.su..l+s of po..r+s (e) ~ Cd) the o..lIowo.ble ro..n~e.. of si~"o..' swinj 0.+ +ke, o,-,,+p~+ is. ..from o.~v +0 I.SS-Vo"

+~+ is \.~SV

6.30

hAVe.: GM~~"'" = j:J..J""Cox (1:>,ID1 ~ G .... t;;:!.J'2" :l..oo)!:.ft. II 1011- 100 rA "a.

For +he. c..irc:.~.:.+ in F'_ju..re. 6.oLtb (b) we ho.ve.:

G ... ~ ~ ... ,=l::. O.I ... R =.J.t..!:!£L

"T .2.5 rnV V

Rou..+~ A03)1f!'3..l"o~= ::J"''!Jr'o3 ~~rO'l. R .. ~+-::: 15'=1-5 r-i.a,

AM = _ :2. ~ (;l.o~..l\.II:l..D "..n..)= - 2~,clOIW\.

V v

AM =- - .J,.o~

v

To c..o.lc:.v-Io...+e 'C.. usinj +he ..... e.+hod of open c,.irc.lA,f +i ..... e, c.o"s~ we.. c.0J' w",i+e (~~}ion 6.S':f) :

"CH:= C,:!S Rs~-t c, .. [Rs~ (I + .9"'R~) ..... R~J +eL (

'CH::.2DfF" :l..01::.Jl..+'=>[Jo( I +:1-0) + loJ+5 .. 10 1:. .. := 2.6 ns ~.f ... -::...J._::: 61.2. M H'Z. .2.n"Cw

tb) Wifh ~~ =:l.. c.o"ne..c.+e.d in +he.

~rn+3 ... b

CO NT.

Ro ... +::::: ro [, + ('j,..Tj ... .,.) Rs]= ro (I + ~)= 3ro Ro •• ..-t = 3)(.2..0 Ic:-.Jl.. =- 60 Ic:.n.

FroM e'}t.A<:\.+ion (6.I-Li-:') we know:

f\ - A RI- _ Q'- RL-

M- - Vo - - ,J",,' 0

RL+ Ro ... t RLT Ro ....

AM = _ 2 Ie. :2..0 2.CJ =- _ 10 .x..

2..0+60 v

G ... = ~... _

1 + (~ T~ ... .,.)R$

lJ 5 i ".3 ~ ",,+i onS 6. I~"iS -to 6. I '5 ~ we. hc..ve:

R~= R .... II RO,,"T= .2.01c:." 60~= 15ic:..n..

R~s :: J<si" T Rs

1+ (~ .... T~ .... ',)I~", ~ ro+R&.

R,s-==' I<$i~i-Rs

2.

=

ASS ..... Minj X is s~ll, fh",,+ is ~""",<<'.9 ...

+hen Rs::. :l. ~ 2:- -. I "-.!l-

9 ... +j ... b ::J-

?:H = ,2ofF,. 10.5+ 5f+)I 235 + 5 II 15 r ... := 1.J.j61'\s ==:;..-.fH :::._L= IOct MHz. :J..nt::w

16.32-

ro:::. ~::.. 100V = 1001c:...n..., ~ ::;.!..::; ~o~

:r: I ... A ... V~ V

rn=~ = :2..5 "-~ , r'"e= ~= 2".'1-5..n.

9... ~+I

Since RL, = 2. ro (+h",,,, R .... is on +he orde.r 0+ '-0) and Re.«ro, usin_j e'J."",o..+ion b.15i we. hcwe:

Ri"=(~TI)re+((3T')Re __ I_ '+ &::.. ro

Rin = 10 1)1. 2~.~5.n.. + 101 ,. TS.fLJ(_~I_ 1+ :l.ro r.

Rj,,= 5K.!L

From ~,"",~+ion (6.1&0) we """ye:

Ro::=' ro ( I +9 .... Role) whe..re. R,'e..=R.e,1I rl'\-=-'\,

Ro =- 100 (, + -'to" o.or,=,) = ~ 001'-.0..

Av ,.. q ~ - _40)0. 100 =_4000::L

0---.1 ..... 0- V

'Om = ~ 0 :; ~ = lO..!!!B.

I + B ... Re,. I-t- ~ O}l 0.01-5""1 V

R· ~ R. . R

an "'Yo - • Q.'SS ........ I~ R...:f Q

Rin+Rsi,:J R,-~R.o., .. t

Sk..n. ,,(_~ooo.Y.) .).,.100

5 k..n. ... 5 "-s\. V .:L~"oo+40o

16.33

For +he SO\.O.T"c::e. followe.r +0 provide a. de.. level sh.i++ 0+ o.C!y we ne.ed VGos:.oRv 1'here.fore., vo.,: VGS- V+ ... = O."'I_o.6=O:~v I , '( IN ) 'Z. I A (.l-O ) ( ,1

'::_ Ic:.", _ Vov = _,,2oof.:..- _ o'~..1

~ ~ 2 y~ o~

I:::. 360)'" A .2.L

'3,...=- -=

v .. "

2.1' "3601''R :. :l..4~

o.~y v

'-0 =- ~ = .,)..O)C 0.5 :.:1.'1. 'is" "'-!\..

I. 36 o_'" A

n _ 9 ... r.. _ a 0",> V

r>VQ _ - .D~_

1+(9,...T~~b)~ y

Ro=' I II '-o-=' 343.£1-

9 .... 1'!} .... b

AII' .:: R"o R... = O.'1-Cf ~

RI. .... Ro~+

r<:_=- 2. '5 ~J'L

Fr"""" ~ ..... ",,-h<>r. (£.16b) we. ,",""">Ie

t.'l.S :: loGHt.. :.LPff=

R 3<.1 "" R "'.j = 20 k..n..

n Rs;s -t R' .... _ :l..D "*"'":::t .s -;;;.t:. . ..L.t::." ('

..... ~s"'" . • - ;.,.> "''''''''_'''

1+ S"",R'..I + L',l.'::;." :l..S

R.c ... :=: R I". r IRQ:::::' Rl. 11 ___!'__'ll 1"'0·:;::; o. Grlt.."n_ 3-":;; ... 1:.

"C'Jd""- R:;Id c~e"" lOOpS t::'.B ~:::it R6~ c!j:;' "'" ! 0'1 ps Ct; :=. Rc cl.. ~9 P$

t,.. ,_

r i-I:; C 9'" -e- t:':).,; +- "Cc.t.."",2.f 15 ps

Pe.n:.e-,,+o...je c..o n-hri bv.+t'oo 0+ -t)""e. c.o,""t .. ni-.;;

Cl.5:;;oc;" .. +ed w;+h C3J 1 Cf:}S r ct-,,~d C .. +0 '1:", are. 100 '"'"' 46/. ~::: SOl a,."J..:L'::::..t.tL

~- .. cO t ..2.t& v,. .::t.J! "1-

+: ... ~ ~ = :;::;. -:;t30 MH-z.

;;t."'-Ct<\ ,::In .,. ').1 5lp::>

]

F"-O(T\ e,. ..... ""+iO(\ (6 .I-;tq) We. h..;:;,. .... e.~

R,.=- R~;31\ [rn + (f!>+O R~]

C> " -·R .' - . _ ! 14A-' O. I ~ n...". I • j ~D..

'"' s~ - ""~ T r-:>:; - ...,..

f;;'~ =- R\_,11 r,,::::J.Hc .. Ar! IQOk-{\...= 0.9'4 Kn...

fi!../4::::I.OC! 1<-1l....

r::rorn e"}y.~+I·O('1 (6. (<go) we_ ho..ve,

Rrt:::::::SI..ft...

Fl"'orn ~ ...... <:x+ion (G. I'BI) we ho-.V'E ~

t. . !

rH =

.2.0. ( C f' R)b + C"Rn )

f .. =::SSMHz.

We h""ve'

R. in.).=- t-rt"b+ (f.,. .... I) R",,,,,, «(3.+ 1)( re.~+ R~)

Rin:::: rm +«(~,+I)R;n:.l.

;;;:. (6~+ r)rel -I- (j3(+ 1)( ~;!,+ I) (re:lo+ R~)

R r,,:...+ R .. ",-t. - r: R"' ....... l

",,,,,t';\.= - e1.+-';";:;;;-

~~+I ~.+I

R s: _ r. rej 1" Rs;.:'! /((3,+ I)

"''''';:'- e l,.+

[3<1.+1

R., ... +:::. RG II RO ..... +l.

II [ red R.~i.3/(el"'I)]

R"' .... += RE• . r.e .. + _...;:::..;....~ __

(3.1..+1

~=- Re RE-

VS;!! 'Re+R"",tl.- Rt+rlii!-'I.+[r~IT R"'9]lcl=o)..+i) (~,'" i

R;", :::. ! o. 3 HA , R .. ",+!;:::. ~o_Jl .. """ .... d

]

Fr'",,,,", ec).v-c.'+i on (6.l 'S:;z.) we ho..ve', R in:::; (i2:>! + I) ( reI -+ t"e1-)

Sil"t::.e ; ... +his u,':tse rei"" 'en:::::' "e a.nd p -13 - f3 we heAve

,- .1.- 2[:.",

R,,,:: '., + ('" = .:l r'11 """ -::r:::- ~ 10 "-"n.

fp, :::::. z G .-'1Httt.

.:In (bpF + :lopF-) ( jOj.:...lIlo~)

:l-

Fr" .. ", e4-......".+j<;H-. (6. i '5 f) we. ho..ve.

f" I

Pl- = ~ = '8' MHz.

2n.C,. RI,. .2rH:.2pF}t (0)::,

T'h ere.f Ore , +he. f'rt:A.ns+e, fu,,,c.+ion of +hi5 C.c..-CB ~"",pl;+;e..r i<;;.:

A (5) = A_H_. _

(I+~}(I+., ~.-)

2.!'I rpl ... " Tpl.

I R(s)/ -

s=>j"""

01"

..

AM =:;

(I of- (l-nf .. ) '1.)( I + .£:nfl' )~J

( :l.n f ... ) 'l. (:z.n E,,'I.)

1. f1.

(I + h)( f +__!!_.) =.2.

fpll. .f.p;

Solv; I"\j +his e~u..C\.+;Qn ~r f'~ we. ho.ve: +rt::" ""t.6. MHZ.

Us;",_' +he.. o.ppro.".;rno.+e f:orl"Y'lulo.. in ~ .... o.+ion (6.1&'a),we ho..v{!"

~~ l"V\'nirnuf\'\ de. yol+o.ee r~u.;re.d ~+ +ke, 'Ov.+pv.+ is v+-+ 2.vo.;= o.Q6 v

,

r"Pl.=- 1""03= VHxL .:::.. 5","0.36 --::::.lSI'..n.,.

. ID '0,1 ..... "

fA :r:. c> _2_:l'.;__;;,.O..;,.;< I:.... "'" O. C> '7 rnf\

...10-';::: -= - .OT

~ VO>l/2. 0.1.."3 V

Frot"""' e.,_v..a.+ion 6.1'10 we.. h<1ve

R<:.~q r'~~r: = o.'e':1"I'S'''I'&'~.2~.l.I<:.A

........ '3 "'"" 0"1.

For +he \,.J ilson """;1"'''0('' from ~""-A+,cn (6.!4"'3) we. ho-ve..',

IhI."S l.:r,,- I Rar:-i x!OQ %o.O.2..~

o

Ip:,&F

W'her-ea.'!> +01"" The s;""ple mirror from ~u.o.+ior'l (6.2..1) we ho.ve:

~ ~ _!__;.::; o.<;l"a 1.. R"~ I + a:...

i3

Hehc.e IL,,-.:r:R5cf'Ll< \00::::; 24 IRoE.F

For +he 'N; I '5Qf'\ CI.Af"f'e..n+ n':'l"'rQ r we. heove R 0= ~r:~ :::::.'O~!_~£2_= 5MJ\.. o.......d h.",,,-+he.

2- :2-

$i~ple rnir"f'or Ro=r<:>:::::look..ll-.

For the. -two cv.r .... e, ... + so .... rt:.e.s de$.;':'''e.,d in El<o..l"Y'\ple 6,/hf,we hewe:

.:: _.~ =:; Ie> )'-R =. o . ..Lt rr>~ ~nd

j .... - .. V,, .;2.5 ",y V

1""0:::::' ~::::, !..£Ov == 10 M.J').... J r".:::;: e=. 2.5cu . .I'\.

I<::,. IOJ"~ 9""

For the cv.rnen·+ :>c" ... rce. 11"1 F,.:y ..... ne.6.6:'o. we.. h<~ve

1<9= r",;g."" ro = 10 MA

For +ke, c..v..rre.n+ SOl.l.rc..e ;1'\ f.'i:JIMe.6.G3b f,..oN> eCi-tAO..+ion (6. z.o o) we.. ho..ve:

R<) ~ [ 1 + !1,.., ( R.6,II .... ")] 1"0

In E.xa.. ....... p j e 6. 1"'1 J R E; c::::. R:,= f L S j::..fL ) +here+ore,

R .. ':::: [I + 0.-'17 ( 11.5 k..n.. n l.:;,okS'l.)] joHn

(0.. ') Vov -:: J II Kv.' (WIL) I

:> j 0.4 / 4 ;: fG.I': a.sis v

===

VGS = Vov+ Vf:,

-= O. 316 +a~ ;- O. 82 V

=

Lb) ~ete.r 60 f"0 "7.3 (a.) VS!= VS~;:. 0 - VGS :. - O·82V

=

:::rOI = .I..o2 = II2_. = O·.2.~4

\)01 -:: V02. = Voo -::r.. x /(D T

:. '.6- 0.2><2.5 = t1\!

Cc) R.eftVt 60 hO '7.3 (_I:t) V51=Vg2= ~-O.82. ~O·/8V VOl 0:: V02.:::: 1.5 - .J:. x. 2..51< T

:> 1,::,- 0.2)l2.5==-1V I.Ol = 1D2.. = I.IL == 0.2.\.\.4.4- =

Cd) "t" fa Ft:S 1-3 ic.)

V~I;:: Vsz = -0.2. - O~82 = -1.0~V

-

.I.OI ':. .I.02. = Ilz = 0.21M.4

=

VOl = VOl= L5 - O.2.x 2.5 =~ (e) VCH IMA)( -= Vi:. + VDD - ~ ,eo .2..

__.....p 0.5+-1.5 - 0,2"'2.5= -1-1.511

-

lr) ~~lMi'" == -Vss+Vc.s+Vt;t-Vov

- l.lS+-o.L( +-0·5 +0.3LI.

= -O,.28V

(a') Tue value 01- V/o' tua..6 eaoees G, to c.budvd 6ke eubue. ~elkt (s R Vov

---'V J2' x 0.316 .: 0.45 V

t.Ueu, VOl::: Voo-.:t.xt<o

'::: 1.5 -Q .. l1 xZ.S =O·SV V02~VPD= +1.5v

=

(b) For Q.2. t:o aoccdoel: tue eul;ire eurreub :

U/d:::. - Ji:VOIJ::= -0·45 v

bueu, ---

VOl'::: V DO :::. + L S V

V 02. = r. ~ - o. 4)l 2-. 5 = o. :S v

(_e.) Tuus 6Lte. dJttereu,{;/aJ oU/;fu I:: r a.u 0e is;

VD2.-VOI: tro\M. 1.-5-0.5=+1\I to 0.S-J,5=-1v

I :}. 3

cout .

(UtrJ 12) 2. == 0.1 -1> U/d =- 2 VovJOJ Vov

[ '1.4

Vov = J II K \It J (W I L )

-= J 0, g Wl/ (0. tlM. x 100) '::. o. '2. V

8w ~ Z ID -= 2.. (Ill) = Q, 8~A

VQV Vav O.2.lI

~\M:: l.( ~

U .:=:=... V

{o == V A ~ i.,o V -= So K c.IL

.:co (O.\hu(2.)A

Ad :: Uoz.- tfo I s: qL--tA (R. 0 II fa) (fid ()

... 4 fM4 (6 K. " so«) v

:= 18.2.. V/V

FrolM. Exererse "1,Li we Uo..ve: -1 Vov=o,z.v

~1M:=il~

~ t' uee. 1.1 a valve Q~ VA i s sreeit"d (0 18 ~eJleebed.

La,) =s: eude-d au tfub: frovu E~V1 .6-.42.}

lAdl:::J_ Q.vu)<.R.o = 4)(5:= lov~1I

2.0 T =

f<OLM Ej\tt. L:t,41)

lAelAA1- {<.o::~: O,IV/v L«..8S Zx.t5

eHR~ c } Ad \ -;:. ..!E. -= 100 v/v

Ae\M 0"

~ 10 /00 ef1.r<.R. -= i9.. 016

(b) o {trerefltt{Cl-l oubfu6: fco\M. 6j~' t» ,LiS)

tAd 1-= \M. R.D ::- 4 x 5 :: se V/v

-

FrolNt E~Vt. L'7,4l.l) !Ae.\M.I::: a V/v

=-

-'t7 C)1 f<.f<' ::: 201 0 =- 00

(_c.) D ltH .. ereubtal O()&rul: Cl-Vld 1,,0 1M i~\.Ual(?_it. i 1I1 f<D

~ R.. :: O. 0 l )( R.o -: O. 0 I ?C. :, K == 60uz.

rrolM £~\I\. (_ 1-,52.)

I Ad (~ .'1\M.. R» ~ gQ V/v ffOw. £~w. C~ ,"50)

I Ae\M.\ 'C A Ro ~ fJo ::. O. oat ~

.<.. R,!3S .2:1t 25 K v

e.K~r<.. ::-.to ::: z a, 000

-

0.001

--f> 1.,0100 (!H~I< = ~6

eOAJf.

---(7 eH.I<.R = 1... x 4 )( 2.5 ~ i.J) I O(JO 0,01

£0 P-aj CH~1Z = 86 d8

+Sv

t :5 -:.':l :: 4.3\MA

o 1fE. = 1" o.~v

-~-.. -====="'"

-SV

o /..fez. '= -~ ~S+4.S'IC 1)

+ ~ 4.31MA (0l.~1)

. .

L €' .,. LeZ :::::t itA.

r:

iEt :: ---~- _

l + e ( cJez - <fSI ) IVT O. 9q I. =_~;-:-:.:r:~~ __ l + e [VB2. -VB' )/VT

lJSI - tJS2. ~ - VT I", (_L - I ) o.q~

-= -15 1fA. (_ 1( 'I q )

= 2.5 be (9q) = l/51MV

I =1.'1

(_ a.) Tl-te cc cutceui: I'VI eo...e.k t(ansist-or i~ O.5lM.A, ~U.V8 lfBE tOf eaelc will be

V 8€ -= 0.::; + o, 02.5 1J.1. (~)

I

= O. ~831/

--t:7 V€. c: 5 - 0.683 ::: + 4.31 i V

-

[b) ~w= .I.e = 0.5 t=~\M..A-

U vr 0,OZ5 II

(c) Le, == 0.5 + ,~IM.I. A'tJ6E.1

:: 0.5 .,. 20 x osoos 8,'VI. (ZT1)( I a.(Ult)

': 0,5 + O. \ 8/11{ (lTT )( lOCO t) I I.M.A

[c.1. -= 0,5 - a,IS/1lt (1."')1. (ooob) I 1M4

Cd) 7f~1 -= (v~c -I(!R.~) - ...

o, I x R c. S /V&. (z.rr lC r OQG 1:)

:= ( IS - O. 5)( 10) - 0.1)( ) 0 SiLt (trr laaab) '=' -10 - -1 ..3iu. C iTT " looal:;) J V

l/(!2.," 1 0 + '1 8,' \A (2.lr)t (OOo /;) J V

C e) 'Ii c '2- - If C!' ':. 2_. 8 i l-t U .. rr x I oao t) I V

lr) Volta.je ,~a..il-1. :: (J~2.. - Uc.r

U tJSI-VS2

- ~ t=: .,.., 200 v Iv 0.1 V f~o.."

-=t.tO

'FroLM. E. xe r(!.I'se '7. u :

VOV;' 0.2.. V

Us,'vr.e t: ~ V\. (1-. "t) we 06 Ca.;t,., Vo.s 0 dve. &0 A «0 I R..o as :

Ifos =C'T)-~:~)

z: 0.2 x a.o« :: o.ooz. V

L i .e .tIMV

To obl:;a/I/t Vas due to AWll.

Use e~\I1. . (1-, 1'1- ) W!L

\los ==(Vr) (A~:~) eONT.

~V05 = (O.!L)lc:O,OQ.= O.Oo~

2.. ---t' .t w. v

=

Tlte o~t8eb- v:O{ ta..~e . art's/lA.f(_ trolM- I AVt I.!$ o/j./jallAed V

t(O 1M E11A· (=J. t Z-O )

VOs::: AVtc ~~v

- J 3)( (2 x 10-3 ) 2 3.46Wt.V

-=t,\\

FrolM 6~VI' CT. 131)

Vos = VTJ (_ ~ )2 + (AI$ ) 2.

f<.c. .IS

-= 2 5 J (0.0 z ) 'Z- +- ( O. 1 ) 'Z.

-= 2..5 MV

.:t:s:: lOa ::: (00 ~ O.5JA 2. ( (3.,.. I) Z. x I 0 I ==-=

:x:.o,g == .r; 8 (A f)

::: O. 5 x O. '/A ::: 601-1.,4

1 ~. \~

(WIL)", "!.IIA.Co~;; O.21M )(100 =ZOIM# ~ I L) P -rr= = a.11M 'l zoo» tow:: .s I\-tce aLl traJ,"{.s/8 tors ltcwe l::lte ~a..tMe dra.JIA. cotreul: ('LltJ aM.d tue t?a.t-ue p(ociu.et: WILxjteo'lt/ tLtew. a.U 1;f(A.IA~eokd val:-aMeeS

O\AA.. are 'deub"e.a1.

IVav I = J Io _, ~ j 0.8 ..... ; ~ o.e v

,tOkAA/v 20 1M A-N

t-klls I

«\M = :Ei2.. ::- <p. 8 1M A / t.) z: 4 1M _1

U Vov Q.?'_V v

'f ( OLM. 61"", (1- ' { L{ Z. )

G,," :c5~=4.IMAlv

f(o :: (0.2. /I fo4

(02. -= VA r\ -= tQ :: 60 Kc.JL

- -

Ioz (o.5w./Z)

r04 = VAp =. £.0 ::: 60 ««

-

.:cPt; (0.81.4,.</z.)

l69,

1<..0 : ooueo = ~ KUl.

FrolM. 6~\A. (T. 146)

Ad: G1M.7r<.a z: 4\.«4 )(2..5/(412 = lOa!!. =v

V

'FrolM E~"', ('"1,163) _

AelM ~ 1\ ::: II - o.(JO-5v~

"11

.2.jIM3f(sS .tx4xZ5

(?Hf(f{ = I AJ 1 '::" loa = 1_o,ooO 1Ae~1 0.006

~86d6

I =t. 13 I

f( OlM. E i \A. (=i. I b () : G lM. 0::: OIM jk.t.::: Ill. ": (O.'8~AIz.) -= l6 ~

Vi 2:5\I\A. V V

f f o 1M. E ~ tit. (1. I bL{ ) :

((0:: fin (/ f04 "::~II~-::-_L~

.Ie z, x:« 4 2_ :Ill

-= 100 \J = 126 Kc/L 0, g L4AJt

Ad =- Gw..)( R.a s: 16 '/. (2 -0 = 2000 f) ~v

F( 0 1M 6 ~ VI. i>. / b~ ) R.,'d -::. .t x rrr

~ 2..."1< Vr;j :: 2. )( Z-51M. )( I l:.O

-'"'

(:Ill) (o.<a\«/t)

:= 2.0/(JL

for Q._ sivurfe eurreut:1.M.I'(ror ike ovtruE: res /8 ta,uee (&Ul/3

R.€5) 15 (0.

-4r «€£ = VA ::: (00 V = I Z {) K t.JJ.

-

I. O.gu.<A -

FrolA-1 E~IA. [":).112);

AelM C - (04

(:; 3 R.€€

If: (Jf:= 100 ~ p3 == /00

--P A c 1M. ;= -1..)t 125 I< =-0. 0 2. ~ 100")( 12.-51< = V

au», CH.I<. r<. :: I 2.._!3:E.E I ::: 100,000 0,02-

i.e 1ood6

=

GtM:= «1M -= ~/2.. = 1LM/z .:::20wA

U 'it. - - --v

v r t-51M

fOL{ = (06 := VA :. lOov :: fLOOKcJL

- -

:r.. /2_ O. ~ M-t A

---f;> /20l.( :: f.! I.( rat.{ :: 60 x 2001< & /0 .It rA R.o5"(j5 r~ :=IOOx~K. =l_!!_ftt4,

2. 2..-

Pr 0 1M. E ~ IA. ('7, rt ~ )

'R.o :: [ (3'-( (oLf /1 f.;5 r~ 1

.2..

-=(10 /J IO)HVL:: 6JtJ2

Ad:: s: R.o :=!La )( soao r !i Vlv i.e.. !/Ood6

-

-

I 7.15

(_a_) Vov =: J :I. ".

(WIL) ~'III

:::: O.2v

O.8w.A (OOllO.Zw.4 v

-=

O\M. C _I. ::. 0, 8 \M.A == 4. 1M. A 1\1

Vov 0.'2.. V

(b) A d ~ ,~IN\. ( R. 0 II r 0 )

LVUUe. feY = VA :: zov r sox«

-

(II z.) 0,4 IMA

=p AcJ""" 4fAA (-5 /!.. 1I 50k) -= Ig.2... V/v

-=-

e.c) For a.. .cs alMfL..f'"e(, wueVt f g,~ I~ low:

fH = '" (6.1n

lIT (Ct..+ejd)J(l-'

CONI.

IJ.)Ue(e: R.,_'= R..ollra

:: 5K It 501<

-: 4.545K.VL.

fJ.u r./ J

CL-::: 100fF + Cd6 CS/uee tar a... ~roulA.de.d s aoree e ti6 /s /u fdJtall €./ w/l;h tke I OM /( dud C .

t~SI A

rH-------

lIT (t 00 f + (Of) )( 4.545 K

= 2.<j'1.8HH'!

Ld) U$I'I,{~ tlte ol'eu-eJ("a.u.k[; c,'lM.e - (!_~gta.uts tAAe6LtaJ f~r ~5 = IOKcJl :

f H: t1! LZ 11 t H) ( E~ VI. 6. 58 ) W~efe : (FraIM. [!L1. 6.5'1-)

'c« 0: Cj~ .~s of- CjJ[,e~(/+U~,(l!)+" + ~ ,_! 1 -+ CL l,,_ I

tb3,

l H -: 50r~ 1101<. ..

-+ IOf [10K. (1 +- 41Nty.4.Sl{l)r.)

+ 4.54S~ ]

+ C/OO(+IOr)' 4.54SIC..

'tH: 0.5£15

+ /. ~6/A~

..,. O.5kS -= 2... rbvr.~

-::=rt> fH -= "Itrr'l. 2.~6"ts ~ 53.iI1H2:

I -=1.1=1

u;uefe I

~ 1M :: .I /2 ::. O. -5 \AlIA -= Z.OWA/v

U Vr 2.. 0 \M.V

(0:: VA :: loov :: .z..OOKIA.

- -

:I./z. O,6IMA

=I> A d c: j_ " W LMA- x 2..00 lC. IA. 2... v

-= ~ooo V/v

The cJ()~UCUA-l: tole /8 set 6)

(; ke oo b fV t La a.d ea.f a e->.' ta.1A.ee

(2:- --t

2.. TT. {!L (_ ra2.JI (04.)

-.: 1\

2TTx..2..p F)( (2001<.IIlQOK)VZ

-= o. :j '1 b It He'.:: o. 8 It H 1::

-=J. I S I

R.eter ta 'F1'O' (=1.40)

(0..) UJ/lAj £1!t1. (1./Q9)

CONI.

I,;; -= (WtL)b (~/.Z_) (_wlL)4

=!> loa ~ (WIL)" )I. So 100

t~, (UJ/L)b ~ Zoo

USI'UO' E~LA. (t. 2..00) I=? c: lwlL)i (I.) (w IL)!,

~ 100 t: ( u: It):) )l 100 z._oa

b6, (wIL):':: l~

lh) for Q, I

2

:r_.: ~ JCr CQ)( (T \ V ov I

=?P Vav I = J 5 a I = O. 12 q V

1- lL 3 0 ~ z.a (2

2-

8,'I<d{tVt0 tar a«, VaV2' o.12~iI

For QbJ

IOo~ J._ x ~o )( 200 Vovb2. 2-

~ Vov, ::: O. l05V

Io Vov

Ql 50JA O.12<?v G'2. 5o.JA O.I2.<i'V Q, l0o/'A O.I05v

'715 IMA/v o, ~15 kA.A/v

I . 90 'v\A stv

--

Cd) (O~:: 10/0.05 = ~kvt (04:: /010.05=- a.ao ru:

-==

(06:; tal 0.1 ': t aa K V2.

( o~ = I a 10. I:: I 00. Ie tot

~

Le) £glll. (~.(91):

A I c: 7 -~lMl ((02.11 (O'l)

::- - &715 (200I/loo) = -H.5~

L - v

C-~lA. (i. I 9 8 ) : -

7 A 2. -= -.JJ 1M 6 ((00 /1 r a 1 )

":>- L q 0 ){ ( loa /11 00 ) -:::: .. 95 V/V

=-

F(OtM- EtVt. (:t. 'l.t/) Wt == GLM-I Cc lulu.lC-e., tfOiAA. T ~(e t.1 J

G W1,:: /~ w.1 = /~ IM:t == o, 3 '\.vtA Iv

cLw$, t" f f!= J a J1 H 2

Cc. :: 0, 3 1M A / V :: ~ r f

.2.n 'I( to 11(0"

F ( 0 \AA. £" ~ lit. t.>. 2..06 )

ft:..== {j1M'2..

[ zrr, e«

G1M.~= OIAA.' =- (J,GIMA/V

--'1:7 i: O.bIMAIV :::- 2...0XHl: 2.rr~ i{,gpF

1='row. £~Vt. c =t. 2t 0)

ffl ::-

GINtz.: O.bWA4/v

'lIT I(CZ £.1T l( 2.. P F

:: 48JtHg

1·W

Ug /fA,Q.., /;ue G~l-1. fat! oW/Uj

(9.1:15) r!OJJT.

c5\M.' 2." J 2-J-!A. Ca>< l W IL) I ~ I.S = J2..x~C)x80xIO

~ 3~ qJ!A- /11

-= O.3':f91M4/v

I -=1.2.\

Io z: ~0JtA

jt IA Cax = I G 0Jt A. !V 2- JtfeO)l = 40.JtA !VZ

Far LX 8 QM.-J Q q: UJ / L = 40/0. g ((2S cy'vet-t. {!It EXQAM-rte t. 3)

,

\ Vov 1 :::! .t.l.o

jt~ eav. (CAJ /L )

~\VO\lIB,~:Jt.X~o): O.3V 40)1 1. Ljg_

0·8

b~et{,

(j1AA.81'1 = ~ -:: Zx ~~JlA

t Vav I 0.3 v

::: Q,bIM4/v

3,'uee !\\M o~ &10, Q" I aM-d QI'3 Q..'fe ,'dMI:.,·(?_161.. fo ~IM ab Q8Q.MJ

Qq ~kelA: U

Vov1!:> O.3V Tuvg J tor Q,~

(_o.S)2..: .2.. x 90/\ 16c:Jt (LvIL ) IS

~(W/L )'3 == 12.5

i.e . (to /o.s')

j"lAee QIQ.. f~ 4. btlM.es as Wide a...~ Ci2 I"; I t.u e LA.

(W) :: 4. x I a :. tyz

lL 12. 0.8 0,8

=

Tke ()oU:a-,'<.e- dfof o u 128 /8:

J. 6 =I KvitJ){ 'i 0/ A- = t.t£ 1M. V

VOVI2_ = r 2. x. qo)'t r = O./5V

J 160/% ,,~

0,8

Vav,~ == VG-:3,2. - \JbVl.

V G-s IZ ::: O. 15 + 0.1 = 0·85 V bku.-o, V 8-1'2.., is 'It VG-slzrIef<s -VS.1 = O,95~o./5 -2..5

':' -/,5£1

Vav" = IVovgl -= 0.5 v

~ VG-s \, I: 0.3 + O. =t = 1 "

Ve II = =l . £, + I = -0.5 v

~

'r/uatl" '

V68 :. V V"D - V ~v8 ... -1-2..5 + (-ttJ.!3 -0-8) ':: -f-1.qV

R.,'d = 2..0.2. I( UL Ava .... 85/3 V/V

eoNr.

R.o:. 152cA.

w N:.u R. s = (0 « Ul. a w..tI f{L = I /( ~

A v :. 2..0 ' 2 ')( 8 5 13 )l I

---

(l + 0.152.)

20. t. + I a

= qq43 V/v

fe8 = (38+ J '"

{b8

t' be '::: ~5

101

-

:: __ 1_5._~_,:: O.04q~

-

t't!.';f 1<.5+/'..t'4 t'5 .. ~+ 3013.5

ft.=; == (2,~ e= lOQ

- ('" =-

ibr

ib=!.... R. S

:: 3 :. O. 0126 R.S.r«t"3 3+234.S

~ ~6 =- ~

ics i(!.o

-

i65

ib!J -=

t..{O =O~Sg19 4.0+~.o5 =

ie2. RI + Rz.+ R rz

ic.'2. = () 2.:: I a a {{

Tui» bue OIlU4U if. :

eotrecd. O~

i,!!= lo(",ao,{fZ)(IOo'Ola.ol2."" loa ..

it )l o. ag~i " /00

::: S5S~3 AlA

,~ht1llte (JIIUaJ) vot!/Ue c5~'t.

t.J a :: f(G . t.ee

(f;d F, 7:-

:: .2- "- 6-S6~3 = 9256 Lllv

-

1=;·2,4

To obtal'v. R.ei:

R.e~ ~ {<..?. U (02. U rTf b

F(oUA.. f{5' 1.43: ~~::: 201<1"l {o1. .... VA ~ 100 v :: 400 KV2.

- -

.rat. 0.2.5 "",A

( 1T' 5 ':: (() + I) Vi :: I 0 ( x 2.5 1M. V

- -

..r. ~ '" \M.,4-

':. 2. -5 2. -5 LIt

66s,

~ et :- 2..0!< (I ({OOt<. /1 262.5 :: 2..2...KlIL

To o~taJfA Ce~:

Ce~ = Cjtz. _'_Crr~ ... S;t5 ( I +-j'5 Rl.~)

ejt~ = ~5 :- ZpF

'R.us ~ /(5 :: ~1<.cJ2 C trow. F,J +.43) ~ 1M.5 ::: ..I5 ::. -1 V\AA :::- 40 IA.A. ~

U V, 2..-5~V V

Gtr!H ep. 6 ~ d)\M.5.

ZIT /..1'

~ e1T5= 4.ot1 - ~f = ILIfF

66, z.rr II 4.00)1

Ce~ r:: -r: of ILIfF +ZfF( (+ 40x3) = .t~fF

fl\lla.ll0 '

fp = ZIT. ~€-~. Ce$

'= J1

ilTx2..ZKll 2.1>8(, £.80 I<..H~

[ Ex ~.I

(A) ~::- leI J (el+f2'2)

(b) A f :: L '::: ,0 i ';:. I o

I-tA~ J-r,u4~

~ ~::: C).oqq'!

1 -::. I 4- R"4 -::=;::. 122. :: .1 _ I ::: q. 0 I

~ e., 12, ~

(C) A""OLtlilt of fuc.lbe.lk:: (,+ Ar--) ~ 'l-()lo~(I+A~)=~ocJe.

Ld) Vs.=I: VI) -=- Af>Cvs ':. l ov

v,f s: ~Yu -= a.o~q~ x '0 '= o·q,qV Vi -::. YS-Vf -=-10- tl·Gl\q= O'OOlV

(4) A.f:::- 0 ,g X 104 ': ct.QQ75

, 4- {O·g )(C04)(0. o~qq)

'Th\lS A1 Cl.tCt<A<;Ul ~ abou.t 0.0'1.%

E?! 8.2

~ -= ~ I Il e 1 +f2.2,) -=- I I ( I + C!.) ::: V. )

Af ~ Au := 104 - ~·~9G

) + ft..o~ t+ 104(0.1)

1H~ :: fH (I +- ""~) ~ too () + ,u"Ao) -:: lou·1 ~

E.x S.3

Vo::: l'5 AlA?.. -I-V(l AI -=-Y~+V(lf

/+,b-,l\'2..~ !-tA,A't~

':: {I,o:IOO)XYs 1,cY'n

...

! 4- (I"V)(.))X' 1-+(IIJOX 1))(1

-;: o·~~ -f 0.00'19

7hlAs YS1 ~ lv (lwIp/ V..,f -::;: 0·01 v NtvJ SIN ra.ho ~ 100//

(Jw<. iw.p tuUM ~"'t Of 1v I ~ {(DU /1) -;: 4()cj f5

r Ex ~.4

~ hBt"'-p!< fl.) Ao~ 600u If->:: lo-~

(l+-Af:,j ";"..[14- (&X(o'3))(,o·~) -= 1

:·f\-L{ ~~I-( (to\- ~f') -::: t ')(1 ::: I kH't

ex 8.5

IEI ::: Iel. ':: C).!; "'" A

V c z, -=. II!)·/ - 0 . S J( '2-0 ::. + () .'7 v V I) = O'r - Y' e,E~ z: u

1:",; == Sn.. A

i't...l ':: l'" <'2. :::: VA I r ':. SO.JL J 'Ie:!, -= '5J1_

A. C'f'CM.i t

~.

"

A ::: VOl -::[20 n (~2.+ I )(r~~ ... (tll,o)j x ('2/1'0)

VI' Ye, 1'Y'~~ .... ~ + (I )lq) 1'(,1+(2.j\lo)

~, 1'1 ~2-i'1

= 96·7 v lv

12l -::: ~~ ... (~~ I) (fe.I + 1'('2 .. ) -t- ~E n ~4

= '" .. 101 ( '50 to SI)) -t (11l~)":: '21K.-4. ~o -= 1.\\1°1\["«,\+ ~ 1 -:: 10\./l. (h:tI

I I

fJ -:: '11 tv,

-:: _!._ -= 0·/ v Iy q+,

Af = ~ -: A _ e 5'7 -:: 9·qb~v

IJ<;, I .... ,.,.,. J ..... Ss·lxo·'

fl.'·f '= 121 ( ,+- A~) ~ 2.1 1( Q"37 -= 'Z.o I K-Jl fL '''' -:: lZ.,"f - JZ. s -:::. '2. 0 , - I o -= 'Cf' '" "'-

It. o'f :. (I{ OIA t/1Tl..) -:: J:.£_ =..!.!!.. ~ lB. ~ »:

H·A~ q.5'(

~ ~f>tIt = Iq.lJ'l.

tel ': (j'J/~I)Y~

f~I -t r~EI It (tF .d~t'l.)l

. ,

-= ().qq v~ ': 1."'2.1Vs

0·0111 ... to.1 JI(o.~ -+0·01

tho = lc., 'Eel :: Ic, j_ -= ,,·1&t' rCI

JZ.CI'" '("1\1. q~1·'5'

r (1.. ~ ~1. l.bl.:: 10 0 t.b1-

t~\ ~ t.c~ IZa.

lLc'&. -+-(\?2..+I)tftlo-t(Re1. /I(RFi'~e:,)l -: -6

Ii ... 101 [CI.OO.'1' + (o.'/l< Q. "1# .... ,.,)]

'::' 0 '~41 tC1-

t~!I -;:. C~lo"I)'t'Dl ':: 101 I.b1.

'( 0 -= r e!t L Ru. 11 ( tf t ~c')l

":=. 0 ·0881 :res

1,&' I I

~~q . e"""b,Y\';"'~ o.bc7\'Q. Vo -= l'i1..7·S;Vs

ihl4$ A;: 'Vo' '::' 1~'Z.1.S v/v

~'

e,. CltClJlr ~=i"~ =12':1

'10' ~£, +CF

~ ~ -= ll~o/"140):' Q·laS v/v 1h'''' "'-'P = '2...aq'1

(~""I~ CAlc. (1"01" 0\ 1~b·l ~ ElCA~' i.,)

At ? ~ :: L -: 1""l·S = '·4"/v

¥ s I-\' ~~ I + '1.4,

~ ':: Itel. JJ (~f -t~6,)J1 Lf(l + ~A~+,) 1 "'" 100 11('~-t,oa)JI["l~i S~oJlol1 -= ~~. ).JL

f-o~T -= ~o~ ':: 120 ':: ~+·1 =- 0., 4 ..n

I+"~ 1~'2.~'1

Ex 8., J

t.

~~T

e:'II'I~lf"~ Cf~,t A . c.,yw,it

l

tz.o

A;a 'J~ = -fAV (ltL.Utq) 1(.!_

1; (~~ll~t) i (0 1:

-:. -I" ('_ .. IIIZ~ )It.j,,))( (~t.Ilf1) (~\.II~)+<01 -=- -IO"(IICJI1""UI~) )J.. (uU'Z.tI\) (1.Jor.1\ 'Z.M) + IIC.

= -" S't>q k.n.

f'l. ~ ';' ~s" ~id 1I1Z~ ::; 'leq -I .Jl

Ro = RL.II 1411'(0) ':: '2..)1000111 = b'''·l.JL B - cilGu.i ~

I

p,=~ =-..1 r '10' ~f

l~~'

-1 - "a ':: - /0-1. tr

=-----0

[I + ..... ,,] ': I+- ,"sscpclo1Klo-(. = .,. S"89

A ~ =J: ~ ::. L ': -~~g~ ~ -8"70 ~Jt

'Is l+"'~ l·S'8q

Vu _ '10 -<610 _ -%lov/v

----= --

'Is. Is.ts I

IZ.t\ = f., !CI+"'fJ) = ~'~'I h·~,q ': 11.0. ~Jl..

..L ,::..L ... 1 -=;. g"tI ~ I so Jl.

t.i1 e,a) '2\

~f = (!O'"' II fl.\..> = 1Zo !(,.,.P1p.)'" 8'Z.·iJ1.

~ R-o", T :: '1"l.Jl.

E1< 8.~

A~= - ~ .: (-~)(~~~)(~;~)

=- ~t FO'~~ClU[(u .. (~ .. ,)((l£:a.lilZf"(fZ~\I"U('fJl x f,u. II [fl.i t (fall IZs D Yi. )1

fZt~ lI[tt .,l4Utsl,<".)1-t (t~ " (r.sIJILIPf1it)

(r2.sll~511-('C'l)-+~f GjEb

No,"" sub'St \l41~~c; f(oY\'J bl<Ql/IAple. i.4

A ~ ': 40 [roo U III U ['H -t 101 (I-'~ U(,Q t (lolI,oolll'JI1.s)-.~ X I'lo\l('o "'Cloulllf}1 '''111.·$'))

1'~II(I"+(lou )ps/! loIJZ·~)+O·1.S

~ (loJl(eo}(/~I1..·~)

(lollltt1JUI~/J'1'~) +- 10

-= ~'!Iij.'2, I<. e·~tt'- 1r 0·11# i ~ 4'l'~

(Cf $7...1)

/.tI E.x i.1 "bdv(' II+A~I = 1.58'1

~ Ap.. =7·Siq-I = I:.-S'ttl

CJ( 8.10

(Iv 'l

A tjw)::. l+jW(to")

11'\1"$. fJ -= - 3+~\I\-' (wI &Q4)

At w''io' ¢ = IIDo° ~ t4V1-' (W/lo/lo") ~ boO

J

(Wl80 110~) :: ~ ~ (,J'Io '" {-:s 1(11)4 (Ad l!o

~I~rl. -so,bk '.~ I "'~ 1<: 1 at W,'o"

LJkew- I A~ I = I! F--C( ~ _1 __

) "(.l~lfIa)\ I

Ex 8.11

fol~ IS *~ ~ -rc.+bt" (I-i'~f)

~ I -+- Iv 5 1t' 0 • I) I = I 00 I

f1~ "':h (I'" "oJ') -: la-ox 1001 = 100./ "Hi t=ov- clos.ul Loop 9Q;"" ~ I" ~ = I

1" II( S"( ) i

1;~ -: J~ I+Ao('» '::. 10 1 Do, = 10 H~ .

Ex8.1'Z. I

FrOM E!~ i .. "~ ~016 ~11 c.o.'lIl\C.1 at. I.Jl",w (Wp, +-W'P)..r - 4 (, ~ AO~J W'fl wh .. ::.0 lA,>i~ A,,~loo I wp ... =". L\)~l-: 10" rH(l~ ( 104 t- 10"·S· _ 4( I ~ l~~) K lO \0 -='0 I+IG'Q\-" ... (I.OI)'I.;(,lcrfl/4

~ ~ -= O."l.-+t;

~1!I'f;tS.. f~~ do -::... 0 . t;

1;.... rM. Xl 'I'M II ~ .fl "'~ 'tt .. P ISY"I'i.(. ex -= o =1 01

~ ..L '" ~ l.lofo'O-Op)'( (010 :::!) ~ -= 0'15

'[7... 1.:>4. ... 10'-

ewf't. ... V"""'~ ~"

p.. ,.. ~ _)12 -= 1-', ~ "Iv

\+~~ \-\-\IIOU • .._,

I fx ~. 1-;

Clo~ toe; ~k!o ~+«. ~ ui,""j 1"1" p..L ... )~ ... 0

-;.

I + l~ ~ :::.0

(I +Sho't:)'i l

(I ... S/4)"3 -+ I()~ (!> -=-0

S~ "?s,l. ,;S' (I+IO-Oh' _ o

_ +- _ + _ + \J) _

Id"l- 10 e 104

'$'; + ~Sn + -:z.,S,,+ (1+lb0t8 -::: 0 .h.l ~-:~

- ~ \~ T" J~

120~~$ of Ih\s. CM.a1c.. ~CV"O\h;"_" tM<;

-( I T 10 ~""!») -I + '5~'3 -t j ;J3 ~"'3 Aw..~~r.~i ~ ~~~ r.w..~kb'(.. 1/IIk.~ ~~lt')( pol-ts LU. O'Y' jw Cl.X:I~. i:,-. whtlll f.> = ~C(

Io p.,. 1(3 - I 2.

n .. , - - ::. ~ ~C(= 0.006

COS ''0'

Ex 8.14

A ... /:>.0

=~ = lot j :p 1+ j f/tf

~ = 0·01

IAf>1 = IcSXO·C7I_

JI +fJ./It:JU -

~s 1-+ P'I11ro :.101. ~ f 1: '04Hl. "'~ f':!lo"fHi-

¢ = - ra';-' (104/10) ~ - ~o~

MQ.~ phA"~ M~"rV\ 180 -,0 :: 101,)

Exg.lr; J

FroM E?~~ Cjl·11. fAt=(jCV2)\ -::: '/13

I } IT (!-je I

«v-D\ p., x I ow ~.fM~ 94iV\

e =- 1'00° - PhAk Mo.'I"~i...,

J=o,.. 'PM -:: ~o<J e ::. ISOb

'''1 (jlHl)! ;(I/~) :: 1'9 '3

~'i' Pm -= 100e) f::f '= /"Zc.>U

~

/A-!(jwl-)I!(I/iO) =- ,,1)

~ -:: 'ise. 12. + 'ise

l +sc.~ -z..o~o~I'"

111 = ~ I -t{wC.tZ.)~ loo4---::.c- 1

., , ZD'o'!) (~ltl)

"hllt ~ ~'! ~

O~d~& ~ __ +-~ __ ~fI~l

IZ.Dlk. oJcl.uSIA r« :r 1cd6JtIJ.( 1hUls Cst ~ o·,c;qs..

EK 8.11 J

Mu.~t fl~c..c.. M,w c(onr.ino.Y\t ~ck.

At ::F" = if

A

:::- 10'" 10" .. t-t)::: 100 H'i.

d8 Ao No

or'::1tn .. 1 H-sf'Ol'l!:« ,1., ~

80 6e

40 2.0

o

~-'\<> --.j1..__4--~-+--r:_ 10 10'" ,,,J lolt 10 S" 10' ;

t-jh f,,'1'

Ex e .IS

The. po~ MIA~ ~ YVlo'lf II .f pi +0 f1> LYhfo(.. it> = fKjIA <~~ bb ']Mel fON.

Ao .;.. AF :: 10 1( 10"

10+ ~ (IOOCU- 'Z.od~)

... lo~ I-Ie

'tnt capao.hVl(t. ~t J'fw. cOVl~lIi~ ~"de. ""'I.ut bt rnct-lQtld. ~ SC;W\e ~cbt QS {IS lowtttd.

., ClltAN = C ol~ )( 1000

CI-I A PTE12 9 - EXE'!2.C 1 ~ES

~x.q. \

V1CM{W.ll.i) ~ Vl>l> -/Voy-sI-IVt'f' 1-}Vovl I 'S +1·1,5 - o·~ - o·s- -0·3

:::::: .}- o·t;5v

VI CM(WI'''').?; - VSs. + VOV3 +\l.tYl -IVt-p I ~ -1·bS+O·~+o·S-u·S ~ - (·35v'

V o(rY\ovc) '!5" V b1) - I Vo'n I ~ + I . bS - o- s :5 +- 1·1 sv

Vo(mmj ~ ':""'VSs. + Vwc.. ~ - [. bS + o , 'S ~ + r. IS-v

I vAl =1()v, T.b-::o·S,..,A,Voy/ ':: 0'''2.'',1 Vo,,~':rJ·5.y

r, = \< (Voy y

1Zo .... Q~: a.s = IL..( tel. 5)2.. ~ k-=- 'btvtf!../V"l

~()-{ c.l.7..: 1:'2- ~ '2-(0."2...)1.. ~ f:z.= 0.~r..A

~-:: 1. * 9rwz. -= ~~ ':: 4 'rIAfl-/v

Vav O."l..

~ 'j1Vl~ :. ~ -=- 'WI Afv O·'S"

~ ('0'1. -= 'Zo -e, "lSk.sz. o .ct.

~ Yo(, -= (u1 -= ~ -::. 4ol::.Jt o·s

Al -= - 'j0"2. 'CtI'l. -:::- - 4" '2.S -= - loov)v Al.:: -';,,,,(,,.r06::: -I x-4u -= - 4ov/v A ::= AI Al -:: (-IOV) (- 4;) ': 4- 4tJovv/v

6MI -::. I 'MAtV' GM'L :"' '2. WVI /J./v Cz. -= 'f

(O'L -='(Q~ ::: 100,," / fo" ":If 01 = 401L

la) .h -:: ~I = I_Alv =- 100 MH~

1." C~ '2..:1\ Cc.

~ G: = ("'Pf

AI:' - GMt 2., -:::(I-'Clo·l)((oz.II<o)) ... (II( H;,-7:>X'CVl';{-z...) :::".'5"0 vlv

Al. ':. - Grv11. £.1. -= Cz..lClo~)(('j,,,lIrlQiJ - (t..1I10-"3) ( 411 "-/2-) ::: - 40 "Iv

A ... A,.Az =(-50')(-4<;) "" +'2.000 -f't' ::1~(.1-:: locJ)(IO"/1..Xllf:. 50KH'l

t» -to MIlH yO) .,.. S = 0()

~ ':: _, -:....1._ '= S 00 ,Jl.

6M1. Vc IO-:!t

ffl.?Ie. G'jI.\1. -:: 0·1.. XID '3 -= 318)( 1'O"'1-J1

'l., C", '2.(\ 10- ~

& = +Q~I-f.!. -:. rn;;' ~C:. 0:::. 11 . 4°

1\' '!IgJ(IO"

T'M ~ qo-tJ :0 11.. "=-U

~,V\d SIZ ~1' 1~:: teo 1\'\1-\(. vrJlJ, ~ O·'2.v

St. = 1.tt 1rVov .: '2.1'1 )( 1013 x to (p XO'2 = (1..5. 101 =- I '2.(0 V' Irs

'S 12. -:: I ~ l' -= S (Z. )( c,

Cc.

:. I:: 11..(., ;,(10(" X)·bXIO'l. -= 7,.,0 0 fA /1.

VICI'II (~1C) ~ YT>l> -VO'J~ -t-Yl-n

~ .... 1,";- - 0·3 ... O·'S ':" of 1·8s-v

VltM(MiW\) ~ -\Iss. ~VOV" tVoJl-+Vtn

~ - I,b; -+ 0·3 ... ".~ ... O·S":: -O·S~v

VO(~AY) ::; Vbb -IVovql-\VovJ

~ .. ,. b S' - c). 3 - 0 . ~ ='... I. 0'5 v

Yo (mif\) ~ -Vs~ +-VOV'II +VI1tlI +Vbl'

~ -1·(,(, -+1'l·~-401Q·3 -t-O,S=-D·S"S'I

I"" I : 1..0'1 ~ Vov -:. (j ·?"v I r '::: 100)" A

r: • "

I,g M -:: '2.1 ~ 't It 100 )C 10 ':. I· () ~-I./v

\lOY 0·1.

'(0 = V J. = to I( Id~ '::!) "2..00 It!J1.

- -

't. 100

fl.o = l ~* l"o*(;ot.lI'(oll·)l \\[~f,fobf,e 1 ': ~ '('oJ'!. [ ~ ( '1I'2.)J

-::: 1·0 I( 1Ao~ ')l 1/3 )(.",1. ::. I~;~~MJL

A = (;M2.0 e 1.01(\0-'5" ,".~-;X.\o(,

= 1~.~~7\.IO'v/v

G."er. : nll 'Vov :: "'3'1, I », I = O·lv V1)1) = 'V ~~ :: 1.·S;v

La) VICifMt) ~'"i' NMOS

V'C.M (~IC)N G Vl)b -VOl/+VT

~ -+ 'l·S - O·~ -10·1 = -t '2.9 v

VIC.~ (Miw-.) N ~ - Vu.f. VOV "'''Oy tV T

~ - 1.S-+ IJ·?'."·?'''O:''): -1,"2.'1

- t·'lV ~(ylCM')~ ~ ~ ~·qv

. . .

(b) 11;,") S")M.

- 'L.q v ~ (v I eM') V ~ + I· 1. V

:I, = -ll< (w/L.)(V~sl -V-r)l. tz. .... ~ '" (~4/L)( V(fS'l. -Vr)1.

II = rz.:

( V4'>1-I/1)'I. c: 4 (VGs,'l. -Vt')'I.

V"c",-v-r -::: 1. (_vas,1 -Vt)

V6S1 -::: Z V'G~"Z. + Vr

np": 10;= 10'* AI ~:: '21>0 ~ VA:: 1'1S"v pn r: t~2 10-''''14, ~ -:: So I VA ~ ;ov

I ': t~ e. Vrsa NT

~ V"E = V T IY'l :t

I!>

VSt. ~ 'lS_V 1V\ 10-' ':' b~3""V 10-1.,

~W\: r" /'('r. = ~ /'5K -= 40""" A/v '(''Ii ~ ~'(L ~ '7,.",a l\ l.c; -=> S'Jc: Jl

f'e -::: VT -:: 1.!; MV = l.S..n..

1 lIMA

\2$ v

- '::

, ""A

1 Ex. q. II

V Be ::: 0 'IV f'" lc = I'M 'A. fcrl ·Q.II Xc.:ID}AA fuoGIP

"~E' (0 -:: o·l ... Vi In [ LOft A] ': O· S~S'v 1M.'.

v'6/~ O,C(1)SS to\- -:.. V~tll)- V'&e II

:::. 0'1 - 0 . ~~ 5 :: 0·" S V

~ 1:.1Z.4 =V24 =i> Rrt.:O'IJSv911·51<Jl.

R+ IOj-l to

V ICIY\ (Mil .. ) "!. Vbb-Vp,E~ - VI So.t + "6£ .... +IS -o.{,-o·?! ... d·"

::: ... 14·7v

Vl(M(M\~) -:: -Voss -4- VP.lE'S -+vBt7 -t V'!o Silt ... 'V &61

-;: -15 +O·"+O·h+o·1+0·b

.: - 11..q V

(n~ lu.+~ R I + 1Z", d-rops)

Ex. 9· 13 I

A~Sv..Mf. GU~/QI~ "Ave 1\00\1\'" t:tK4 G,~.61'1.o h4~t ~N.q =3)(t1~1

1: (~ -::. 0.'2, S :r:4Z.6'~ J r Sl~. Ts-:;:

!sA . t'ss

-= 0-'25(1)0) J~ . ~r

t:. r

z. (1).1.. S ('1 ';0) 3 :: 0 . S'" "" £S "" A ASSUM.(S r:~t= .. 1~0J" A.

AS~Io\Me XC.1 ~ Ic'S ~ I c.c. ::: 'f. S r A

(0.) V Bt.. -::. 11: (1Z1. ... Y"~c. ) :: £ e ( I 'i" '2 ·'3) -:: '3 . ~~ !'3

(b) IEl -:: VSfo -+ tss + 1:,;" lt~

:::. VS" -+ "L I.E _ ~ '''3 It: 1.r.e:

- - -_ .....

12:; {J.I+ I r; 0 1..0 I

-= o.oe>1.e

u:.) t.Sl :: "Ceq ~ tj.05!£ ~ O'c)(]04fe:

~"'I 1.01

(ct) VSl = VSf..'" Ie] fe1

.,. ~. b'; '!e ... 0· o~re x 'ZS)Io\y

" .S}'A

I Ex .q. IS

I sol ~ h.:.c, Jtu. ~WV\U\I\- ~OC(.(_ hc1l.(t C-\f'~t :

L = t Le ~ it ~+I

= \/tCM ('f.1 .,"( (.~ -+ 1.<lu

T-t~r

( Ex.q. liP l

I.,..e,+ IZI::: f RL ::: ~ + A ~

I

AS~IAMt.. f> "::>~ I t:\V\~ 'It'S:: Y"~"

V &5 ~ V @,/Q ::: ~ (-( t 5 ... ~ -1 )

';' i.." eft" + fZ.2. ')

tc..~ ~ i. (1"(,~ 40 IZ.) (f'e.S' ... tz..,. A'l.)

i.t..-:(.[Y"tS+R l-i.

res -+ IZ + A.rZ.

:.L [(f'"(o;. -+~) -((eS'-+IZ.-t-Ar.)l ("e 5" -to ~ -to AIZ.

:= l. 612.

f"~s + rz.. + ~ J(_ 61.. € b

A~s 1.1 WIt t-t s,u.H:t C)t E" 't. 15 01 'J. J b

~V\1ll l:::. e « ( ~ + (' ~ ') I f> '>'> I

rto / (~f+l) ":>~ (Y'el + 'Ct.1- ) N.tw G MC", :;: I ~o I

'1", (.1\1\
~ 1 - A2. (I~(h ·1.110 I
1Z. .... 'Ce!l -t ~~.
~f+1
d:.> \ - Arz b I (~x)
'Z -+t'EI'!I . '2.120 ~ Eb Fo-I C:.110: ~o: '\l][I+ ~(1'Le\\'i'i)1

~ 1.. b'; [I -to 0·1" (SIl1'~M) -= '?>I·\ MJl

~-t"" 12..0 '= Yo q \I ~o 117

-= 1-'b~ l\~1'1 ='2.·4?'M.Jl

I Ex. 9.JQ I

I=o-r f->r -= t.;' 0 ~ l:l. 'U e -: C'). 02-... g::, K "me,,_, ~ ~ . &

It ~ ('~ 0; 1. flo

J ex. £(.1.0 I

6Mc.m = o.ot:n)AA/v qm,:: _l_ ""A/v

I 5.1..'='

fhLt~ Crv\ll~e:: 1.o'O~r'(5.'Zc..'It'O'31 O'o~1 l( IO-b

'=- la.Sots

E)(.'l.'l.l

ASSlAWI.(,. Il!Iop cad';" ~ ~t'

eM 2..12. --.:.,. "l.o 105 r Gnu X ~p] L GtMCW\

: '2.0 lo~ r GMI }-4-"10 Lo~ ~l'

lG~cW\

= '10'S -+ '2-010,) So -= 104· bd B

I Ell. . q .u: I

~ II. = ~ 11 -:. 2.00

r"LI" = l.S"",V ~ '·S"41(.JZ.. 11JJ'~rA

Y" i." -= 1. S "" y -= 4 s. S ..f2_

~~A

125 0:: IOo,JL ,~9 = t;)OIU2. S",bs.t. I~du E,\.(q.11)

f2.i.1. = U>I [/. $4 + soLI {w, x (J '04-SS'J] ~ 4M..Jl...

I Ex .'t.'l~ I

Lel1 == ~ . v'bl? _ ~ Vbn -::. Vbl?

~+-I V"~11+ ~8 415·5 ·Wl\l ""o5·S

Vb\1 -: YL1 ( iZ,,1I ~~ ''7 )

ell'll! ~Ln) -t,,~ 1("

n.ucl!. 12.; 11 ~ ( f-> ... ,) (y (" -4- te S )

-=. 'Z-o I ( 4'~.S" +- I em) -: 'l~.2.KJ2..

:. 'Ibn ~ ~I'L x o.q1..

IkYlc.t. tS.M2.::: L C.I'I IV Vbl7 o.'l2.

,.."._ x-

"VI '1. Ilfr·S Ifbn

-= "·3 rv-fr/ v

(~ c?·~,.,.A/v)

I e;". q. 1.4

J2.ot : eol!>& II ~011

Wh-tt< ~'~P.I-= '0'~13 =- '!.!:_v =- <1c?QK.IZ.

O·SSIVI A

12011 :: {Ot' (, +~" (fl9; 1I'C~n))

YOl1 0:: ~~ -:: '2"21.~ 1:::..)2.

0·$5" w-A

~Il = t!)·S5"W\o<7\ = "J.,'l..'MAlv 0.o2S""V

"t\, -= ~ -= ~ -.:: q .o~ K..Jl

~ 1.1.

R.~ -= , D o.n,

rl.c'1 => 1'2..'2.. t.Jt

1'2.0'2.. -= q().q U l1-1-JC.. ~ <il IWL

I E)f. q. t.s

It -= 1. 4- b.(,)C O.QI1 -= o·oS"+ ~·o.s

Vf: li·<i'

-=:10·"

O~""C\-ctAM.t vol+o~~ 50..;11\ (A? )01(. ':. - 6 M'L 12..0'2.

':: - ~. S x. ~" = - S 'Z to S "Iy

El< .q. 'Z.b

(t..tq ~ 'tSMV '''J'' A -1·Shi(.

( 1i I 'b '= 1-0 0

.....;__--

40 )( 0 . '''S -= "':,0. :, IcW2..

'It -= Vr _ + ~'Q V., (~,oll(1iJll)

c t.1 q .... (e,o II (1\ lea ) y;, ~ 4-{ e'D II ftl!J)

Vii

:. r- -:::VT[.l- -4- 10,4:>)(0'911)

1'O.ctlL Ii> ·rrlL

'=- Vt [ 0 .es .... b.OS] ~ Rr =- Vi -.::: IG,3..tL

:t:r

I E:x.~. '2..1

~,o.t + t

~ (). O1.S ""v + ['i_!_" + ".:£!:S _ +1~"1

?"'" /4 ';;1 0.181110 ~

"2.-0 I

~ 15 + q. 4- % 14·4J2..

SJ2. = 0.10'3 V l}As l=or 'V = 10 -::'1;"" "'" t

~v -e, 10 eN C.O~t crt

s e -.:: 10 I..U -.::: 10 lC 'l.'{i fMlIlt

;;> f~j( :: g. -: ~3 ~ ItH~.J-I ~.

1.0 1\ '2.01\

Ao :: 2A31q.7 ~ lOS" GMt = _!_ ,. 10-3 S·z(,

.; A 0 -= c;"" e.

., 12. = AD I G M ) ~ I 'Z. 7 '1 rn 1-17::

Win.. IZ€ '"se1"teet ,Yo. eM\Ht"C~ ~4 6l3,Q ...

GMI ':: 2. x _L__ '= I

41'"e +21C'e '2..1'"( .... 12£

': _r __

211 O.~'Z.S"'Y ... ~E l..V1 "l~e

fov 1. '! q·S It lolDA:

IZ.E :: e.o sc '= 5·"2.(' I<WL

~ob

::

;- '2.~t It (1 'It' .,.Iee) ;t

= 4- [V't ... L~/"Z..ll.r.)t

t\~w c, : CD~, _ GiM,

~ -~

Cc. 7.r.c.

: . Cc Mw:.t bz t-t.d.MuA)( fo.( ~ D1 '1

C'- n~~ :" ~Jd :: ~ ':: l<iff

"'2. --z..

G Q 'III A ol GWII .'. A Oil!.., hohl.fet

A.,.~ :' AOId. -bdS = lOI-1c.1S if:: ,foliA q A ~ bun hQ./v,'

-5 r.,.,tw !:I £. x JpOl1t -= or,.'2, H~

Ex.'t.31

fvvw. r4lCr: S-bit-JIIlS 'Z.~t;" skps

~",el d"~('.l H~oll/lhOh a~ ~:,VSk..p. 1.N-1

1}.IAS l2~solM"'~ = VSkp ='.> ~ == O.03Q·Z.,y 1.C;S

U-lfW~ ex': i bU' ~ I/.(t k,.. hIS '2 S-" f"A.~~ HJW.,. lWIM~f ~ VMA~ af_-it. _". YSki'-:.lQ

1? 'lC;~

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"2.N_I 'Z.ss

1h~n V,N:: "v =: '-)( ZSS _ l5"s skt>~ --;0- -

It; 3,,):=. 1'2.5 + It.. + 8" +- /

.. I3n,Cl." ~fr kt :: I (30 " 0 0 (2-

A-r,,,, 'i'N="·'2..V:: 6'2 1\7.SS: IS~.IS4efs Lo

It;;i,o"" 1'2..8 + Ib+ ~ +4 ~2

. ~ g,;., ~ ~ I 0 o I / ( I 0 'L

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-: -0.004 16U,. - o.o{,tfO'

-It...... ,."

~.,

Hnvjy-t"( I.(S;~ VSkp -::. O.D3'l'Z.v MatL ~·2.v~ lS"9x!J·o~q2..v

'::: ""''J"3bV" Abso/lotk'my '::: b· ~~ - "'I'1~'

'= - o· oob4 v

IMsko..d 6~ - t') • DO 4- v ()JbOlf~.

GIYOY CQ,l.l~1/ bt:J d..ptm'Y/M'Ina,.. '5: ..; o· 0 3't "L IS" - - - _ -t.s')

Cow~a- aM,s wU'S

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I toJrF·fH ~ FJ' lo.z q(~) .

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"'To Q J.t...i- t~N (tPL~) ..,)" ..... ~ t<-k r<...

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3 27'!1 r-A

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t - CNpp/ .. ) _ 70XIC )<2'!> "0-<4 '"

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CONT.

(1J;i?_'r- +0 FfJ· /1).2 f (b).

iD N (0) x: ± )C 'SO )I -i- ( 5 - lY 800 f-A.

tJ)P (0) " ~ '1'-20)( 4 (~-~' .. 320 ff'.

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c- 6'i!2 t<f'..

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w; rI.... 'l.0 z: ~ ..J\.;.. L. t:H" 'r~' n )Vs81~ ~

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7 -I, >< z s

tPI+L::' 0)1.10 . :o·,q"s

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~."., r\1J\I" i...

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=.{- (0· 2" + o- 'f)

':: o- 22 ns.

A

y~ A; 8 O'R,

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B---- ....

t--JOR

(b)

B

i (11.,..= 4''''V)

= kr [tS-I)O'S--]'o s·J

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t ".'" <I So :,"2, ~ :. 2'16 t- A.

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2.

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I 11 ~ lOt;

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PI "Y. Z.

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(d) FU"...;~,,.e._ hint ";c. .. " .... _ .. -;-t.<Vt;

9 e , r"# .... ,". S .. hlr~J .,.Iv,,":) ot.

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To .,I...__:-. n.. ~lf~~ 1 e; ~ Ro.

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t- f"pI

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DI,"DZ .. ~J. I<z ;.

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V.cl ,,_ ~ X.., /l. K'Cl ~ --4X 0·74'::: -\ V

9/1

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E - O'77Q

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~ ...

= 0·78':> V

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= O'7~7 V

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IE. c L\. 00 ,,, A

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'1'" Ii!

I - -'2o~-0'7?-t'5'2 ~ 4166 "".10

E - 0.779

Tt-.. '" k:u:H- ~,h_.d. t: VB" (OA ;...,

I II (0.9",4"60)

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9,.,

=OT8'iJV,

N C".r(~~fC".,l.:(J.7'

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IE ; O'7Q'

Th,..."

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E 92. ~ 0·05

A ~ -£-'h'"",d... ~ VB<=" \<;3, 'Co

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II.... ~ ~ ~~,,-J- f %/Z ...

lIT -0''\1-D'818 =,-1·31 V

'VOl!::' =-=

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