COAL & PETROLEUM

WORKSHEET SOLUTIONS

iii) a) It is used a source of various useful

FORMATIVE WORKSHEET substances.
b) It is used to get naphthalene which is used
1. Forests, wildlife, minerals are examples Exhaustible to repel moths and other insects.
resources. Therefore, A is correct and R is wrong. c) It is used to make road surface.
Therefore, the right answer is (c) 4. i) Petroleum Conservation Research Association.
2. Both the statements are correct. (c) ii) Compressed Natural Gas
3. i) Coal ii) Coal iii) Liquified Petroleum Gas
4. The slow process of conversion of dead vegetation 5. CNG is called clean fuel because:
into coal is called Carbonisation. (i) It burns directly for burning.
C + O2  CO2 (ii) It does not produce any pollution.
So, A is wrong and R is correct. Therefore, the (iii) No residue is left after burning of CNG.
right answer is (d) (iv) It burns completely in the air.
5. A  Q; B  Q ; C  P; D  P 6. Many useful substances are obtained from
6. A  Q; B  R; C  P; D  S petroleum and natural gas.
7. i) Coke ii) Coal tar iii) These are called petrochemicals.
Coal gas Petrochemicals are used in the manufacture of
8. Petroleum is a dark oily liquid. It is a mixture of detergents, fibres, polythene and other plastics and
various constituents. Its constituents very useful. fertilizers.
Due to its great commercial importance petroleum 7. Natural gas is a very important fossil fuel because
is also called black gold. it is easy to transport through pipes. It is used in
A is correct and R is the correct explanation of A. the form of CNG as fuel and generation of power.
9. Petroleum is a dark oily liquid. It has an unpleasant 8. CNG is called clean fuel because:
odour. (i) It burns directly for burning.
Therefore, statement - I is true, Statement - II is (ii) It does not produce any pollution.
false. (iii) No residue is left after burning of CNG.
10. i) Refining ii) Petrochemicals (iv) It burns completely in the air.
11. A is wrong and B is correct. 9. Harmful effects of burning fossil fuels are as
12. A  Q; B  P; C  Q; D  R following:
13. A  S; B  R; C  Q ; D  P (i) Burning of fossil fuels cause air pollution.
14. i) Napthalene balls ii) Bitumen iii) (ii) They also cause global warming because they
Pennsylvania USA in 1859. produce green house gas carbon dioxide
gas on burning.
CONCEPTIVE WORKSHEET 10. Many useful substances are obtained from
petroleum and natural gas. These are called
1. Fossil fuels are formed from fossils. Coal, petrochemicals.
petroleum and natural gas are fossil fuels. Petrochemicals are used in the manufacture of
Both A and R are correct and R is the correct detergents, fibres, polythene and other plastics and
explanation of A. fertilizers.
2. i) Carbon dioxide ii) Coal gas
iii) It is used in the extraction of metals. SUMM ATIVE WORKSHEET
3. i) Around 200 substances
ii) a) Coal is used to cook food.
b) It is used in thermal power plants to 1. The resources provided by nature or obtained from
produce electricity. the nature are called natural resources. For
c) It is also used as industrial fuel. example: air, water, soil and sunlight etc.
38
2. On the basis of the availability various natural
resources in nature can be classifier. the following
two groups:
(i) In exhaustible natural resources: Air, Water,
Soil, Sunlight, etc.
(ii) Exhaustible natural resources: Forests, Wild
life, Minerals and Coal etc.
3. The resources which are present in unlimited
quantity in nature and are not likely be exhausted
by human activities are called inexhaustible natural
resources. For example: Air, Sunlight etc.
4. The resources which are present in limited in
nature and can be exhausted by human activities
are called exhaustible natural resources. For
example: forests, wildlife and minerals etc.
5. The remains of dead plants and animals are called
fossils. The fuels formed by the remains of dead
plants and animals are called fossil fuels. Main
fossil fuels are: coal petroleum and natural gas.
6. Coal is a fossil fuel it is hard as stone.
Uses: (i) Coal is used to cook food.
(ii) It is used in thermal power
plants to produce electricity.
(iii) It is also used as industrial fuel.
7. Coke is a tough porous and black substance. It is
almost purest form of carbon. It is formed by
heating coal in the absence of air.
Uses:
(i) It is used in manufacture of steel.
(ii) It is used in the extraction of metals.
8. Coaltar is a black thick liquid. It is a mixture of
about 200 substances. Uses:
(i) It is used a source of various useful
substances.
(ii) It is used to get naphthaline which is used
to repel moths and other insects.
(iii) It is used to make road surface.
9. Coal gas is a by product formed when coal is
heated in absence of air. Uses:
(i) It is used as fuel in many industries.
(ii) Previously it is used for street lighting in
London in 1810.
10. Petroleum is a dark oily liquid. It is a mixture of
various constituents. Its constituents very useful.
Due to its great commercial importance petroleum
is also called black gold.
11. The world’s first oil well was drilled in
Pennsylvania U.S.A. in 1859. The first oil well
was drilled at Makum in 1867 in India.
12. The process of separating various components or
fraction of petroleum is called refining. The device
where it is carried out is called petroleum refinery.
8th Chemistry
HOTS WORKSHEET
1. Coal, petroleum, and methane are found in solid,
liquid, and gaseous states respectively.
The correct answer is C.
2. The constituent of petroleum that is used in paints
and road surfacing is Bitumen.
The correct answer is B.
3. Exhaustible natural resources are those resources
in nature whose amount is limited and can be
exhausted by human activities.
Coal and minerals are found in limited quantities
and their amount is depleting. They cannot be
replenished. Therefore, coal and minerals are
exhaustible natural resources.
The correct answer is A.
4. About 300 million years ago, there were dense
forests in low lying wetland areas of the earth.
These forests got buried under the soil because
of some natural processes such as flooding. Over
the course of time, more soil deposited over them
and they were exposed to high temperature and
pressure conditions. Under the said conditions, this
vegetation got slowly converted into coal. This
process is called carbonization.
The correct answer is D.
5. Coke, coal tar, and coal gas are products of
destructive distillation of coal. During the
processing of coal to obtain coke, coal gas and
coal tar are obtained as by-products.
The correct answer is D.
6. Coke is obtained from coal, a fossil fuel.
The correct answer is A.
7. Coal tar is obtained from coal, an exhaustible
natural resource. It is a liquid that is a mixture of
about 200 substances. It has an unpleasant smell.
Synthetic dyes, plastic paints, explosives, perfumes,
etc are obtained from coal tar. Hence, the
substance X is coal tar.
The correct answer is B.
8. The process through which coal is formed is called
carbonization. It is a slow process during which
the dead vegetation such as trees and plants are
converted into coal under very high temperature
and pressure.
The correct answer is B.
9. Coal is form by a process called carbonization. In
this process dead vegetation such as trees and
plants get converted into coal under conditions of
high temperature and pressure, deep under the
Earth’s crust.
Coal & Petroleum 39

The correct answer is B.

10. Coal, petroleum, natural gas, etc. are fossil fuels.
These are formed from the remains of dead
organisms that were buried under the Earth’s crust
over millions of years ago. Hence, statement I is
correct.
Fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources
because these are found in limited amounts.
Excess use of fossil fuels causes global warming
and depletion of these resources. Hence,
statement II is  correct.
Earthquake is a natural phenomenon that is caused
by the movement of tectonic plates under the
Earth’s crust. It is not caused by excess use/
burning of fossil fuels. Hence, statement III is
incorrect.
The correct answer is C.
11. Petroleum is not an inexhaustible resource. The
reserves of petroleum on Earth are limited;
therefore it is an exhaustible resource.
The correct answer is C.
12. Coal is a natural resource. Coal is found in limited
quantities and its amount is depleting. It cannot be
replenished and therefore coal is an exhaustible
natural resource.
The correct answer is B.
13. Many substances are obtained from petroleum and
natural gas. Some of these products are fertilizers,
detergents, fibres, nylon, polythene etc. These
products are together called petrochemicals.
The correct answer is D.
14. The petroleum conservation research association
(PCRA) of India is the prime body to issue advice
that helps to conserve petrol/diesel. According to
PCRA, driving at a very high speed consumes
more fuel. Hence, driving at a moderate speed
helps to conserve petrol/diesel.
The correct answer is A.
15. Petrol is not only used as a motor and aviation
fuel but also as a solvent for dry cleaning.
The correct answer is A.
40 8th Chemistry