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km land area in
2008 is?
1. The main objective of transportation is? a) 100
a) Economical transport of goods b) 110
b) Economical transport of passengers c) 129
c) To generate revenue d) 150
d) Safe economical and efficient transport of goods and View Answer
passengers
View Answer Answer: c
Explanation: The road density is mean length of state roads
Answer: d per 100km2 so it is highly uneven in India.
Explanation: The main objective of a good transportation
system is to provide safe economical, efficient transportation 7. The PMGSY was launched in the year?
for the facility of passengers and transport of goods. a) 2000
b) 2002
2. The factors influencing the cost of transportation are? c) 2003
a) Supply d) 2004
b) Demand View Answer
c) Both supply and demand
d) Cost of land Answer: a
View Answer Explanation: The PMGSY was launched in the year 2000. The
main aim of this programme was to connect the rural roads by
Answer: c the year 2007.
Explanation: Increased productivity of various items such as
agricultural and their distribution can lower the cost of 8. The current road length in India is in which position in the
products. The cost of transportation substantially reduces the world?
prices. a) 1st
b) 2nd
3. Which is the most flexible type of transportation available? c) 3rd
a) Roadway d) 4th
b) Railway View Answer
c) Waterway
d) Airway Answer: b
View Answer Explanation: The total roadway length in India is around5,
532,482km in march 2015 which is the 2nd largest network in
Answer: a the world.
Explanation: The other 3 types of transport systems have to
depend upon the roads to reach their destination point from 9. The current highway development works in India are
the terminals that is railway station, harbours and airports. undertaken by?
a) NHAI
4. The transportation system that requires a low initial b) Govt. of India
investment among the following is? c) State governments
a) Roadway d) NHDP
b) Railway View Answer
c) Harbour
d) Airport Answer: a
View Answer Explanation: The highway works all across the country are
undertaken by NHAI, It was formed in 1988 and it has
Answer: a mandate to follow all the NHDP (national highway
Explanation: The Roadway requires a cheaper initial development programme) which is implemented in phases.
investment when compared to the other 3 networks and it is
the only system that provides equal facility for everyone in the 10. The scope of highway engineering is divided into how
society. many parts.
a) One
5. The PMGSY aims to connect all villages under population b) Two
of 500 by which year? c) Three
a) 2003 d) Four
b) 2004 View Answer
c) 2005
d) 2007 Answer: b
View Answer Explanation: The scope of highway engineering is divided into
2 parts called phases and details. In these phases overall
Answer: d review is given and in the details it is planned in detail.
Explanation: The PMGSY aims to connect all the villages of
population above 1000 by 2003 and population below 500 by Development of Road Construction, Highway
2007 it later became a part of bharat nirman programme.
1. The main features of the roman road do not include the 6. The Indian Roads Congress was formed in the year?
following? a) 1928
a) They were built straight b) 1934
b) They were strong c) 1929
c) They excavated soft soil till hard strata was obtained d) 1930
d) The total thickness was 0.75m to 1.2m View Answer
View Answer
Answer: b
Answer: b Explanation: The Indian Roads Congress was formed in the
Explanation: The romans built roads by excavating till the year 1934 after recommendation from the jayakar committee
hard strata they were much stronger than required for animal after a meeting in year 1928 and CRF was formed in 1929.
drawn carts that time.
7. A research organisation that was formed for the research
2. The tresaguet method of laying roads was developed in the and development organisation works related to roads was?
year? a) Indian Roads Congress
a) 1764 b) Central Research Institute
b) 1774 c) Central road found
c) 1800 d) NHAI
d) 1796 View Answer
View Answer
Answer: b
Answer: a Explanation: The jayakar committee recommended that a
Explanation: The tresaguet method was developed in 1764 research board should be formed for all research and
AD in France after the fall of Roman Empire, in later years development works related to roads and it was formed in
better methods were developed. 1950.
3. The method of providing a definite cross slope by varying 8. The first 20 year development plan is also called as?
thickness of foundations under roads was proposed by? a) Nagpur road plan
a) Tresauguet b) Lucknow road plan
b) Metcalf c) Bombay road plan
c) Telford d) Delhi road plan
d) Macadam View Answer
View Answer
Answer: a
Answer: c Explanation: The First 20 year development plan conference
Explanation: Telford insisted to provide a definitely varying was held in Nagpur,hence it is also called as Nagpur road
cross slope by varying the thickness under the foundation of plan, second was held in Mumbai and third in Lucknow.
stones.
9. The east west corridor of National highway connects which
4. The cross slopes provided for drainage water under of the following cities?
Macadam’s construction road is? a) Delhi-Bombay
a) 1 in 10 b) Bombay-Madras
b) 1 in 20 c) Kolkata-Vadodara
c) 1 in 36 d) Porbandar- Silichar
d) 1 in 40 View Answer
View Answer
Answer: d
Answer: c Explanation: The Phase II of NHDP consists of linking the
Explanation: The slope provided is 1 in 36, it was proposed by east west corridor from Porbandar in Gujarat to Silichar in
Macadam. He also completely changed the construction Assam.
methods that were used earlier.
10. Primary system of roads consists of?
5. The broken stones that were used in construction of roads a) National highway
in macadam’s construction were? b) Expressway
a) 10mm and 20mm c) National highway and Expressway
b) 20mm and 40mm d) State highway
c) 30mm and 50mm View Answer
d) 50mm and 100mm
View Answer Answer: c
Explanation: The Primary system consists of National
Answer: d Highway and expressway. The secondary system consists of
Explanation: The bigger stones that were passing through State highway and other Major District Roads.
100mm sieve were used at the bottom and compacted and
the smaller stones that were passing through 50mm were 11. The 4th 20 year road development plan aims for vision in
used at the top of the pavement. which year?
a) 2021
b) 2022 4. The cross slopes provided for drainage water under
c) 2024 Macadam’s construction road is?
d) 2025 a) 1 in 10
View Answer b) 1 in 20
c) 1 in 36
Answer: a d) 1 in 40
Explanation: The 4th 20 year development plans aims for View Answer
vision 2021 .but however it was well before 2000.
Answer: c
12. The National Highway network should be expanded so Explanation: The slope provided is 1 in 36, it was proposed by
that no part of a country is more than 50km away from NH is Macadam. He also completely changed the construction
policy of which twenty year road development plan? methods that were used earlier.
a) 1st 20 year road development plan
b) 2nd 20 year road development plan 5. The broken stones that were used in construction of roads
c) 3rd 20 year road development plan in macadam’s construction were?
d) 4th 20 year road development plan a) 10mm and 20mm
View Answer b) 20mm and 40mm
c) 30mm and 50mm
Answer: c d) 50mm and 100mm
Explanation: In the 3rd year road development plan it was View Answer
proposed that the national highway should be expanded such
that no part of nation should be 50km away from a national Answer: d
highway. Explanation: The bigger stones that were passing through
100mm sieve were used at the bottom and compacted and
Development in India the smaller stones that were passing through 50mm were
used at the top of the pavement.
1. The main features of the roman road do not include the
following? 6. The Indian Roads Congress was formed in the year?
a) They were built straight a) 1928
b) They were strong b) 1934
c) They excavated soft soil till hard strata was obtained c) 1929
d) The total thickness was 0.75m to 1.2m d) 1930
View Answer View Answer
Answer: b Answer: b
Explanation: The romans built roads by excavating till the Explanation: The Indian Roads Congress was formed in the
hard strata they were much stronger than required for animal year 1934 after recommendation from the jayakar committee
drawn carts that time. after a meeting in year 1928 and CRF was formed in 1929.
2. The tresaguet method of laying roads was developed in the 7. A research organisation that was formed for the research
year? and development organisation works related to roads was?
a) 1764 a) Indian Roads Congress
b) 1774 b) Central Research Institute
c) 1800 c) Central road found
d) 1796 d) NHAI
View Answer View Answer
Answer: a Answer: b
Explanation: The tresaguet method was developed in 1764 Explanation: The jayakar committee recommended that a
AD in France after the fall of Roman Empire, in later years research board should be formed for all research and
better methods were developed. development works related to roads and it was formed in
1950.
3. The method of providing a definite cross slope by varying
thickness of foundations under roads was proposed by? 8. The first 20 year development plan is also called as?
a) Tresauguet a) Nagpur road plan
b) Metcalf b) Lucknow road plan
c) Telford c) Bombay road plan
d) Macadam d) Delhi road plan
View Answer View Answer
Answer: c Answer: a
Explanation: Telford insisted to provide a definitely varying Explanation: The First 20 year development plan conference
cross slope by varying the thickness under the foundation of was held in Nagpur,hence it is also called as Nagpur road
stones. plan, second was held in Mumbai and third in Lucknow.
9. The east west corridor of National highway connects which government, before the assessment, preparation and DPR
of the following cities? are prepared.
a) Delhi-Bombay
b) Bombay-Madras 2. Which type of roads can be utilized during monsoon?
c) Kolkata-Vadodara a) Unpaved roads
d) Porbandar- Silichar b) Gravel roads
View Answer c) Fair weather roads
d) Bituminous roads
Answer: d View Answer
Explanation: The Phase II of NHDP consists of linking the
east west corridor from Porbandar in Gujarat to Silichar in Answer: d
Assam. Explanation: Bituminous roads are convenient to use
compared to the other roads because they can easily drain off
10. Primary system of roads consists of? the water and are comfortable to use during rainy season.
a) National highway
b) Expressway 3. The Nagpur plan classified the roads based on
c) National highway and Expressway a) Location
d) State highway b) Function
View Answer c) Location and function
d) Annual daily traffic
Answer: c View Answer
Explanation: The Primary system consists of National
Highway and expressway. The secondary system consists of Answer: c
State highway and other Major District Roads. Explanation: The Nagpur plan classified the roads based on
location and function into 5 categories namely National
11. The 4th 20 year road development plan aims for vision in Highway, State Highway, Major District Road, Other District
which year? Road, Village Road.
a) 2021
b) 2022 4. The roads that connect the district headquarters to
c) 2024 important city of other state is called
d) 2025 a) National Highway
View Answer b) State Highway
c) Major district road
Answer: a d) Other district road
Explanation: The 4th 20 year development plans aims for View Answer
vision 2021 .but however it was well before 2000.
Answer: b
12. The National Highway network should be expanded so Explanation: A State Highway is a highway that connects the
that no part of a country is more than 50km away from NH is district headquarters to other important cities in another state.
policy of which twenty year road development plan?
a) 1st 20 year road development plan 5. The arterial roads are a classification of which type of
b) 2nd 20 year road development plan roads?
c) 3rd 20 year road development plan a) Rural roads
d) 4th 20 year road development plan b) Urban Rods
View Answer c) National highway
d) State highway
Answer: c View Answer
Explanation: In the 3rd year road development plan it was
proposed that the national highway should be expanded such Answer: b
that no part of nation should be 50km away from a national Explanation: Urban roads are classified into Arterial roads,
highway. Sub arterial roads, Collector streets and Local streets.
Highway Planning, Road Classification & Patterns 6. The rectangular pattern of roads has been adopted in
which Indian city?
1. The phases of highway planning do not include the a) New Delhi
following b) Chandigarh
a) Assessment of road length requirement c) Hyderabad
b) Preparation of master plan d) Mumbai
c) Showing the phasing of a plan in five year plan View Answer
d) Financing
View Answer Answer: b
Explanation: Chandigarh city was planned by assuming
Answer d: rectangular pattern. But by this pattern operation of traffic has
Explanation: Financing of the highway is done after the been a problem.
planning of highway after getting approval from the
7. The Nagpur plan formulae assumed which type of pattern? b) Two
a) Star and grid C) Three
b) Star and circular d) Four
c) Hexagonal View Answer
d) Circular
View Answer Answer: d
Explanation: The planning survey consists of the four studies
Answer: a namely
Explanation: The Nagpur plan assumed star and grid pattern Economic studies
in which it assumed to connect all the nearby important cities Financial studies
and villages to the National capital. Traffic studies
Engineering studies.
8. The Nagpur plan conference was held in which year?
a) 1941 3. The estimates are studied in which type of studies?
b) 1942 a) Economic studies
c) 1943 b) Financial studies
d) 1947 c) Traffic studies
View Answer d) Engineering studies
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The Nagpur plan conference was held in 1943 Answer: a
which was the first 20 year development plan. The main target Explanation: The details to be collected during economic
of the plan was to achieve 16km road density per 100sq.km. studies are useful in estimating the requirements, cost
involved in the project and economic justification.
9. The highway research Board was set up in the year
a) 1947 4. The revenue from road transport sector is studied in which
b) 1953 type of studies?
c) 1963 a) Economic
d) 1973 b) Financial
View Answer c) Traffic
d) Engineering
Answer: d View Answer
Explanation: The highway research board was set up in the
year 1973 by IRC to give good guidance for road Answer: b
development in India. Explanation: The sources of income, excise duty, registration
charges and tax all are studied in financial studies only.
10. The second 20 year development plan conference was
held in which city? 5. The accident cost analysis is estimated by conducting
a) Nagpur a) Origin and destination
b) Bombay b) Traffic survey
c) Madras c) Transportation facilities
d) Lucknow d) Geometric design
View Answer View Answer
Answer: b Answer: b
Explanation: The second 20 year development plan Explanation: The accident cost analysis, trends in road
conference was held in Bombay, accidents and facilities all are estimated by conducting traffic
Their target was to achieve road length of 32km but they survey, origin and destination studies are for trips and
achieved 34.8km. geometry for facility.
Planning Surveys and Interpretation 6. The topographic survey is conducted to estimate which of
the following characteristics?
1. Planning is based on a) Engineering
a) Factual data b) Traffic
b) Analysis c) Financial
c) Scientific data d) Soil
d) Factual data and analysis View Answer
View Answer
Answer: a
Answer: d Explanation: The engineering studies are conducted to
Explanation: Planning based on factual data and analysis may assess topography, soil, location and classification of existing
be considered scientific and sound. roads and other developments.
2. The planning survey consists of how many numbers of 7. The master plan may not be prepared for
studies? a) Village
a) One b) City
c) State c) SH*2
d) Country d) NH+2SH+MDR
View Answer View Answer
Answer: a Answer: a
Explanation: The master plan is prepared after interpretation Explanation: The category one type of roads consisted of
of small plans in different phases. It may be prepared for a national highway, state highway and major district roads. The
city, district ,state or even country. length was calculated by adding all the three types of roads.
8. The determination of optimum length is based on 3. What was the development allowance assumed in the
a) Saturation system Nagpur plan?
b) Geometric design a) 10%
c) Type of highway b) 20%
d) Length of highway c) 15%
View Answer d) 25%
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The determination of optimum length is based on Answer: c
saturation system based on U.S system of highway planning. Explanation: The development allowance was assumed as
15% and in this plan the length of the railway track also was
9. The final step after fixing the optimum length of the road deducted, this was not like the previous 20 year plan.
a) Financing
b) Construction 4. During the development of the roads maximum priority is
c) Phasing given to which type of road?
d) Preparation of master plan a) National highway
View Answer b) State highway
c) Major district road
Answer: c d) Village road
Explanation: The final step after fixing the optimum length is View Answer
phasing of the road program before the construction, after
financing and master plan the construction is under taken. Answer: a
Explanation: The maximum priority during construction of any
10. The utility unit as per saturation system for a population of road is given to national highway as they connect across
less 1001 to 2000 is length and breadth of the entire country.
a) 0.25
b) 0.50 5. The total length of highways in 2001 in km was
c) 1.00 a) 56000
d) 2.00 b) 56756
View Answer c) 56750
d) 57000
Answer: c View Answer
Explanation: The utility unit is a factor that is used to decide
the priority given to the users for optimum utilization of road Answer: d
and it is 1.00 for a population of 1001-2000, it increases Explanation: The total length of NH achieved in 2001 was
based on the population. 5700km against a planned length of 66000km.
Highway Planning in India 6. The total area of a state is 2500km .calculate the length of
MDR
1. As per the Nagpur plan the un-surfaced roads were meant a) 100 km
for b) 200 km
a) National highway c) 300 km
b) State highway d) 400 km
c) Major district road View Answer
d) Other district road and village road
View Answer Answer: b
Explanation: Length of MDR=Area of the
Answer: d state/12.5=2500/12.5=200km.
Explanation: The Nagpur plan classified the roads into two
categories, category one was meant for national highway, 7. The tertiary road system consists of
state highway and major district road. The un-surfaced roads a) National highway
were meant for other district roads and village roads. b) State highway
c) Major district road
2. The total length of the first category roads was calculated d) Other district road and village road
by adding up the sum of View Answer
a) NH+SH+MDR
b) NH+SH
Answer: d Answer: c
Explanation: As per the 2nd 20 year road development plan Explanation: The increase of population does not depend on
the primary system consist of national highway and state the alignment of the road, whereas improper construction and
highway. The secondary system consists of state highway .the maintenance lead to accidents.
tertiary system consists of other district road and village road.
3. The basic requirement of alignment should be
8. The ‘rural road development plan: Vision 2025’ aims to a) Short
provide basic access to villages in how many phases? b) Easy
a) One c) Safe
b) Two d) Short, easy, safe and economical
c) Three View Answer
d) Four
View Answer Answer: d
Explanation: The alignment of the road should be short, safe,
Answer: c easy and economical for users and engineers.
Explanation: The Vision: 2025 aims at providing accessible
facilities to villages in 3 phases by giving priority to the 4. The economical option during the construction of a road
population in the village. around a hill is
a) Cut the hill
9. Expressways should be constructed along b) Provide a tunnel
a) Congested cities c) Provide a road around the hill
b) Major traffic corridors d) Look for other alternative approach
c) Along with highways View Answer
d) Small cities
View Answer Answer: c
Explanation: The most economical option is to provide a road
Answer: b around the hill. In this alternative approach is not advisable as
Explanation: Expressways should be constructed along major it has to pass either through the hill or nearby the hill.
traffic corridors for convenience of passengers to travel safely
and comfortably. 5. Obligatory points through which the alignment should not
pass are
10. The maximum number of cities and towns are connected a) Religious structure and costly structures
by which type of highway b) Intermediate towns
a) National highway c) Important cities
b) State highway d) Important places of worship
c) Major district road View Answer
d) Village road
View Answer Answer: a
Explanation: The obligatory points through which alignment
Answer: a should not pas include religious structures and costly
Explanation: The national highway connects most of the cities structures because destroying them would require a lot of
and towns in the country. compensation.
State highway connects in the state, village road in villages
and other roads connect the remote areas. 6. The desire lines are prepared for the study of
a) Traffic flow
Highway Alignment b) Origin and destination
c) Growth of traffic in future
1. The changes in gradient and vertical curve are covered d) Anticipated traffic flow
under which type of alignment? View Answer
a) Horizontal alignment
b) Vertical alignment Answer: a
c) Geometric design Explanation: The desire lines are lines which study the traffic
d) Highway specifications flow from origin and destination.
View Answer
7. Which of the following types of roads are most preferred for
Answer: b highways?
Explanation: The changes in gradient and vertical curve are a) Cement concrete roads
covered under the vertical alignment, whereas the remaining b) Gravel roads
three are covered under horizontal alignment. c) Bituminous roads
d) Unpaved surfaces
2. The improper alignment of road will not result in View Answer
a) Increase of construction cost
b) Increase of maintenance cost Answer: c
c) Increase of population Explanation: The most preferred type of road is bituminous
d) Increase of accidents roads. They are cheap for initial construction when compared
View Answer to other type of surfaced roads.
8. The stability of slopes is considered while designing b) Rough survey
a) National highway c) Map study
b) State highway d) Detailed study
c) Hill roads View Answer
d) District roads
View Answer Answer: a
Explanation: The reconnaissance survey consists of studying
Answer: c the details in the field roughly which are not covered in the
Explanation: The slope stability is important during design of map study.
hill roads ,because it may have a danger of landslides.
4. The soil survey is conducted in which of the following
9. The coefficient of lateral friction as recommended by IRC is survey?
a) 0.15 a) Preliminary survey
b) 0.40 b) Reconnaissance survey
c) 0.35 c) Map study
d) 0.30 d) Topography study
View Answer View Answer
Answer: a Answer: a
Explanation: The coefficient of lateral friction recommended Explanation: The preliminary survey consists of collecting
by IRC is 0.15 and it lies between 0.3-0.4 for longitudinal topographical data, soil survey and other data, in
friction. reconnaissance survey rough survey is done, map study is for
plan.
10. The resisting length should be kept
a) minimum 5. A closed loop used for survey purpose is called
b) Maximum a) Open traverse
c) Depends on gradient b) Closed traverse
d) Depends on rise and fall c) Primary traverse
View Answer d) Secondary traverse
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The resisting length should be kept as low as Answer: b
possible for gradient purposes, if it is maximum then there will Explanation: A traverse is a closed loop used for survey
be a problem with the gradient. purpose, if it is open then it is called as open traverse.
Answer: b 8. The New highway project is divided into how many stages?
Explanation: The detailed plans of drawings are prepared in a) One
A2 sheets. They are usually 60*42cm in size. b) Two
c) Three
3. The cross sections should be drawn for every d) Four
a) 10m View Answer
b) 20m
c) 50m Answer: c
d) 100m Explanation: The new highway project is divided into (i)
View Answer Selection of route, alignment and geometric design. (ii)
Collection of materials (iii) Construction stages including
Answer: d quality control.
Explanation: The cross section should be drawn for every
100m or wherever there is an abrupt change in the level. Highway Projects
4. The approximate cost of construction evaluated for the 1. A part of land that is acquired during initial stages of
project is called construction for future expansion is called
a) Kerb d) Providing higher geometric specifications
b) Footpath View Answer
c) Right of way
d) Camber Answer: a
View Answer Explanation: The existing road can be re aligned only by
providing a thickness of pavement, because the camber
Answer: c cannot be changed, so additional thickness is the only option
Explanation: Right of way is a part occupied either by the available.
highway or railway by paying some compensation to the
owners for future expansion which may have kerb, footpath 7. Embankments are provided on highway near
and camber. a) Important cities
b) Religious structure
2. Which method is recommended by IRC for flexible c) Railway tracks and highly flooded area
pavements? d) Costly structures
a) CBR View Answer
b) IRC 6
c) IRC 21 Answer: c
d) IRC 58 Explanation: The embankments are provided mostly near the
View Answer highly flooded area, embankments near the railway tracks
may be provided or may not be required it depends on the
Answer: a railway track.
Explanation: The CBR method is recommended by IRC
because it gives very reliable accuracy as the test depends on 8. The drawing for re alignment shows the existing road,
soil characteristics, IRC 6,21 and 58 are the code books for proposed re alignment, contours and all other features it is
various pavement design. called as
a) Plan
3. Inspection of site is done in which survey? b) Elevation
a) Preliminary c) Cross section
b) Secondary d) Longitudinal section
c) Reconnaissance View Answer
d) Final report
View Answer Answer: a
Explanation: The plan shows all the above features, whereas
Answer: c the sections show existing roads, ground elevation, beginning
Explanation: The reconnaissance survey includes the and end of transition curves.
inspection of site, soil, material and construction materials.
Preparation of Detailed Project Report
4. Road roughness is tested by
a) Bump integrator 1. The DPR consists of how many components?
b) RTRRMS a) One
c) GIS b) Two
d) UI c) Three
View Answer d) Four
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The road roughness is tested by bump integrator Answer: c
which is measured in mm/km and is classified into various Explanation: The DPR consists of report, estimate and
types based on unevenness index value. drawing making it three components.
5. To minimize the cost of the project the most suitable 2. The first step in the detail checklist of DPR is
method is a) Executive summary
a) CPM b) Background
b) PERT c) Roadway features
c) CPM and PERT d) General details of the project
d) Normal distribution curves View Answer
View Answer
Answer: a
Answer: a Explanation: The executive summary is the details that are
Explanation: CPM is mostly used in major projects, CPM is prepared after the field work in the site has been completed.
cost oriented whereas PERT is useful only for research
purposes, normal distribution curve is followed by CPM. 3. The name of the work and project details is managed under
which category of DPR?
6. The highly flooded areas should be re aligned by a) Executive summary
a) Providing additional thickness of pavement b) Background
b) Providing suitable layers of pavement c) Roadway details
c) Providing appropriate camber
d) General details Answer: b
View Answer Explanation: For small projects the completion time may be
evaluated by bar chart, milestone chart may be used when all
Answer: b the critical activities are required.
Explanation: In the background of the project name, scope of
service, data source, importance and economics of the project 9. Which of the following is prepared first during estimate?
are managed. a) Schedule of rates
b) Rate analysis
4. The roadway features include the study of c) Detailed cost estimate
a) Accidental analysis d) Detailed project
b) Geometric design View Answer
c) Route alignment
d) Safety Answer: a
View Answer Explanation: The first step in the preparation of estimate is
schedule of rates followed by rate analysis and detailed cost
Answer: c estimate.
Explanation: The roadway features are studied for route
selection, route alignment, environmental factors, cross 10. The site amenities are covered under which of the items
section elements, traffic studies. of DPR?
a) Background
5. The final step in the specifications and design of roadway b) Abstract
elements is c) Miscellaneous
a) Specifications d) Estimate
b) Design elements View Answer
c) Geometric design
d) Safety and audit of the design elements Answer: c
View Answer Explanation: The site amenities, diversion of roads, road side
plantation and other facilities are covered under
Answer: d miscellaneous items, background and abstract are the
Explanation: After all the design requirements are calculated important aspects, estimate are also very important.
and if they are finalized the last step is to check the safety of
the design elements. Geometric Design of Highways
6. Which of the following is not a structure constructed for 1. The design of horizontal and vertical alignments, super
drainage purposes? elevation, gradient is worst affected by
a) Aqueduct a) Length of vehicle
b) Syphon aqueduct b) Width of vehicle
c) Level crossing c) Speed of vehicle
d) Pitot tube d) Height of vehicle
View Answer View Answer
Answer: d Answer: c
Explanation: A pitot tube is an instrument which is used to Explanation: All the geometric design features are worst
measure the velocity of water in rivers and streams. affected by velocity of the vehicle only.
7. The strength of the materials can be checked by 2. The most raised portion of the pavement is called
a) Visual inspection a) Super elevation
b) Quality control b) Camber
c) By asking the manufacturer c) Crown
d) By referring to various codes d) Kerb
View Answer View Answer
Answer: b Answer: c
Explanation: The materials should always be tested in Explanation: The most elevated or the highest portion of a
laboratory for accurate and exact results quality check should pavement is called as a crown, whereas camber is the portion
always be conducted. that is raised for drainage purposes.
8. For small projects which type of method is used for 3. The extra width of pavement is provided on
calculation of project time? a) Horizontal curve
a) Milestone chart b) Width of pavement
b) Bar chart c) Length of pavement
c) PERT d) Super elevation
d) CPM View Answer
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Extra width of pavement is provided on
horizontal curve to avoid the skidding, if the vehicle negotiates flooded with water so to keep the pavement dry they have to
the curve then the centrifugal force will act towards outside be drained off so the road is provided with a camber.
and there is a chance of skidding, to avoid this extra width is
provided. 9. The legal axle load of the design vehicle used in India is
a) 1.6 tonne
4. Transition curve is introduced in b) 8.2 tonne
a) Horizontal curve c) 16.2 tonne
b) Circular curve d) 32.4 tonne
c) Between horizontal curve and circular curve View Answer
d) Vertical curve
View Answer Answer: b
Explanation: The legal axle load used for design of
Answer: c pavements is 8.2 tonnes; usually they are expressed in MSA
Explanation: A transition curve is introduced between (million standard axles).
horizontal curve and circular curve, the transition curve slowly
introduces the centrifugal acceleration to avoid the danger of 10. In India the type of traffic assumed to design pavements is
skidding. a) Low traffic
b) Heavy traffic
5. The most important factor that is required for road c) Mixed traffic flow
geometrics is d) Very low traffic
a) SSD View Answer
b) OSD
c) ISD Answer: c
d) Speed of vehicle Explanation: In India generally there is always a mixed traffic
View Answer flow except during midnight hours and early morning hours,
so the designer has to assume mixed traffic flow only.
Answer: d
Explanation: The road user characteristics, traffic and Highway Cross Section Elements – 1
vehicular characteristics mostly influence the road geometric
design but the most important factor is speed of vehicle. 1. The braking efficiency mainly depends on
a) Sight distance
6. The design speed of NH on a cross slope of up to 10% is b) PIEV theory
a) 100kmph c) Friction
b) 80kmph d) Length of the curve
c) 60kmph View Answer
d) 50kmph
View Answer Answer: c
Explanation: The braking efficiency mainly depends on friction
Answer: a and speed of the vehicle, if the speed of vehicle is more, then
Explanation: The ruling speed up to a cross slope of 10% is braking efficiency will be less.
100kmph; it decreases with increase in increase of cross
slope. 2. The braking efficiency for a vehicle moving with a speed of
18kmph, having a lag distance of 14m and coefficient of
7. A part of pavement raised with respect to one side keeping longitudinal friction is 0.36
the other side constant is called a) 25.28%
a) Footpath b) 25.4%
b) Kerb c) 25.6%
c) Super elevation d) 25.8%
d) Camber View Answer
View Answer
Answer: a
Answer: c Explanation: Braking efficiency=100*f’/f
Explanation: The super elevation is a portion of pavement f’=v2/2gL
raised on outer edge with respect to inner edge or both edges f’=5*5/2*9.81*14
raised with respect to centre. f’=0.09
=100*0.09/0.36
8. The main purpose of providing camber is =25.28%
a) To collect storm water
b) To maintain equilibrium 3. If the longitude coefficient of friction is 0.4, then the
c) To follow IRC specifications resultant retardation in m/sec2 as per IRC will be
d) To follow geometric specifications a) 3.93
View Answer b) 4.00
c) 4.01
Answer: a d) 4.02
Explanation: During rainy season the roads are usually View Answer
Answer: a 9. The rise of crown for a pavement of 7m wide having 1 in 50
Explanation: The deceleration of the vehicle mainly depends slopes with respect to edges is
on the speed of vehicle and coefficient of friction; however a) 0.14
IRC has calculated the average value as 3.93 m/sec2 from b) 0.07
equations of motion. c) 0.09
d) 0.11
4. The unevenness index for a good pavement surface of high View Answer
speed should be
a) 1500mm/km Answer: b
b) 2500mm/km Explanation: Width of pavement=7m
c) 3500mm/km Rise of crown=7/2*1/50=7/100=0.07.
d) 4500mm/km
View Answer 10. The equation of parabolic camber is given by
a) Y=x/a
Answer: a b) Y=x2/a
Explanation: The unevenness index for a good pavement c) Y=x3/a
surface should be kept as low as possible, because they may d) Y=ax2
cause discomfort to passengers and increase the rate of View Answer
accidents.
Answer: b
5. If the camber is x%, then cross slope is Explanation: The general equation is expressed as y=x2/a
a) 100X ,where a=nw/2 for a pavement width of w and cross slope of 1
b) 200/X in n.
c) X/100
d) 100+X Highway Cross Section Elements – 2
View Answer
1. The minimum width of carriage way in urban roads is
Answer: c a) 2.5m
Explanation: The cross slope is generally expressed in n in b) 3.0m
100 terms, so the cross slope is X/100. c) 3.5m
d) 3.75m
6. The camber required depends on View Answer
a) Type of pavement
b) Rainfall Answer: d
c) Type of pavement and rainfall Explanation: The minimum width of carriage way is 3.75m in
d) Rainfall characteristics urban roads; this value may be less in towns and villages
View Answer depending on the requirement like 3.5 m.
Answer: b 3. The desirable width as per IRC for median on rural roads is
Explanation: The minimum camber to be provided in heavy a) 3m
rainfall areas is 2.5%. If there is heavy flood then provision of b) 5m
this camber will be sufficient to drain of flood water. c) 8m
d) 14m
8. The camber is not provided in which of the following shape View Answer
a) Straight
b) Parabolic Answer: b
c) Combination of straight and parabolic Explanation: The desirable width is 5m on rural roads which
d) Circular can be reduced to 3m if there is a restriction of land.
View Answer
4. The height of low kerb is kept about
Answer: d a) 50mm
Explanation: The camber is a raised portion, it has to be either b) 75mm
straight or parabolic no other shape of camber is possible. c) 100mm
d) 200mm without allowing any building activities is called as building
View Answer line.
Answer: c 10. The normal width recommended in rural areas by IRC for
Explanation: A kerb is a structure used to separate pavement national highway is
and median, pavement and shoulder, pavement and footpath. a) 45m
In low kerb height is restricted to 100mm only. b) 29 m
c) 60 m
5. The minimum shoulder width recommended by IRC is d) 25 m
a) 1.0m View Answer
b) 1.5m
c) 2.0m Answer: a
d) 2.5m Explanation: The average width required for national highway
View Answer is 45m,it may be between 30m-60m for plain and rolling
terrains.
Answer: d
Explanation: The minimum shoulder width is 2.5m Sight Distance
recommended by IRC, the shoulder provides lateral stability
and act as emergency lanes for vehicles. 1. The length visible to driver at any instance of time is called
a) Sight distance
6. The width of drive way should be b) Visibility limit
a) Minimum c) Head light distance
b) Maximum d) Overtaking sight distance
c) Intermediate View Answer
d) Maximum or minimum
View Answer Answer: a
Explanation: The length of the road that is visible to the driver
Answer: a at any time is called sight distance, in night visibility it is
Explanation: The width of drive way should be kept as headlight sight distance and in zone which it can be overtaken
minimum as possible to reduce the crossing distance of is called overtaking sight distance.
pedestrians.
2. The stopping sight distance of a vehicle moving with
7. A road running parallel to highway for some selected areas 45kmph and having a coefficient of friction as 0.4 is
with grade separator are called a) 48m
a) Footage road b) 49m
b) Urban road c) 50m
c) Frontage road d) 51m
d) Parallel highway View Answer
View Answer
Answer: d
Answer: c Explanation: SSD=0.278vt+v2/254f
Explanation: A frontage road is a road that is mainly laid in SSD=0.278*45*2.5+452/ (254*0.4)
urban areas to connect some parts of the city without SSD=51m.
disturbing the highway.
3. The stopping sight distance does not depend on
8. The width of formation is calculated by adding a) Break reaction time
a) Sum of width of pavements b) Speed of vehicle
b) Width of pavement+ separators c) Length of vehicle
c) Width of pavement + separators +shoulders d) Friction
d) Width of pavement + separator+ shoulders + side drains View Answer
View Answer
Answer: c
Answer: c Explanation: SSD=0.278vt+v2/ (254f)
Explanation: The width of formation or roadway is the sum of In this equation t is the reaction time taken by driver for
pavements, shoulders and separator excluding side drains. stopping the vehicle, v is the speed of the vehicle and f is the
coefficient of friction, so the SSD is independent of length of
9. The boundary till which building activities are prohibited is the vehicle.
called
a) Right of way 4. The SSD is based on
b) Boundary line a) Speed of vehicle
c) Building line b) PIEV theory
d) Control line c) Voluntary action of brain
View Answer d) Reflex action of brain
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The space left over for future expansion of roads
Answer: b 10. The height of the driver above the road level is assumed
Explanation: The SSD is based on PIEV theory, it is the theory as
that estimates the time taken to perceive and react. a) 1.1m
b) 1.2 m
5. The reaction time considered in SSD is c) 1.5 m
a) 1.5 sec d) 1.6m
b) 2 sec View Answer
c) 2.5 sec
d) 3 sec Answer: b
View Answer Explanation: The height of the driver assumed is 1.2m which
is till the eye level; this is assumed for clear vision in night.
Answer: c
Explanation: The reaction time considered in SSD unless and 11. The relationship between SSD and ISD is
until specified is 2.5 sec; it is based on PIEV theory. a) SSD= ISD
b) SSD=1.5 SSD
6. The desirable relationship between OSD and length of c) SSD= ISD+ OSD
overtaking zone is d) SSD= 2 ISD
a) Length of overtaking zone=OSD View Answer
b) Length of overtaking zone=2 OSD
c) Length of overtaking zone = 3 OSD Answer: d
d) Length of overtaking zone = 5 OSD Explanation: The ISD is the intermediate sight distance which
View Answer is provided when there is no possibility of providing OSD as
far as possible the roads are provided with SSD= 2 ISD
Answer: d relationship.
Explanation: The minimum length of overtaking zone is 3
times of OSD, but desirable is 5 times of OSD. 12. The sight distance recommended by IRC for 50kmph
speed is
7. If the speed of overtaken vehicle is 80Kmph, then the a) 100m
design speed is b) 110m
a) 80kmph c) 120m
b) 96kmph d) 200m
c) 100kmph View Answer
d) 106kmph
View Answer Answer: b
Explanation: IRC recommends a sight distance of 110m for a
Answer: c speed of 50kmph, 180m for a speed of 80kmph and 220m for
Explanation: Vb=V-16 a speed of 100kmph.
V=Vb+16
V=80+16=96Kmph. Design of Horizontal Alignment – 1
8. If the speed of overtaken vehicle is 50kmph then spacing of 1. The degree if curve is central angle subtended by an arc of
vehicles is length
a) 10m a) 20m
b) 12m b) 25m
c) 14m c) 30m
d) 16m d) 35m
View Answer View Answer
Answer: d Answer: c
Explanation: The spacing of vehicles is given by S=0.2Vb+6 Explanation: The relation between degree and radius of
S=0.2*50+6 circular curve is RDπ/180=30.
S=16m.
2. The ratio between centrifugal force and weight of the
9. The reaction time of a driver assumed in OSD is vehicle is called
a) 1 sec a) Impact factor
b) 2 sec b) Impact ratio
c) 2.5sec c) Centrifugal factor
d) 3 sec d) Centrifugal impulse
View Answer View Answer
Answer: b Answer: a
Explanation: The reaction time assumed is 2 sec which is less Explanation: The relationship between centrifugal force and
than time taken in SSD because here the driver does not weight of the vehicle is called impact factor or centrifugal ratio.
need to perceive and react so this time is less than time taken
in SSD. 3. Which of the following is equal to super elevation?
a) Sinθ
b) Cosθ a) 0.47m
c) Tanθ b) 0.48m
d) Secθ c) 0.49m
View Answer d) 0.50m
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The transverse inclination to the pavement Answer: c
surface is called as super elevation or cant banking which is Explanation: The raise of outer edge is given by
equal to tanθ. E=Be,
E=7*0.07=0.49m
4. If the radius of a horizontal curve is 120m, then calculate
the safe allowable speed 9. The ruling minimum radius in the curve is given by
a) 50kmph a) R=V2/127(e+f)
b) 60kmph b) R=V’2/127 (e+f)
c) 70kmph c) R=127 (e+f)
d) 80kmph d) R=127/ (e+f)
View Answer View Answer
Answer: b Answer: b
Explanation: The safe allowable speed is Va= √ (27.94R) Explanation: The ruling minimum radius is calculated by using
Va=√ (27.94*120) the minimum design speed provided by IRC.
Va=60kmph
10. The extra widening is the sum of
5. If the super elevation of the highway provided is zero, then a) Mechanical widening and psychological widening
the design speed of highway having a curve of 200m and b) Two times of mechanical widening
coefficient of friction 0.10 is c) Two times of psychological widening
a) 40kmph d) Mechanical widening – physical widening
b) 50kmph View Answer
c) 55kmph
d) 60kmph Answer: a
View Answer Explanation: The extra widening is the sum of mechanical
widening and physiological widening, the mechanical
Answer: b widening is done for safety of vehicles and psychological
Explanation: The design velocity is given by V=√127Rf widening is done for the comfort of passengers.
V=√127×200×0.1
V=50Kmph Design of Horizontal Alignment – 2
6. The design speed on a highway is 60kmph; calculate the 1. The mechanical widening of a track is given by
super elevation if radius of curve is 150m and coefficient of a) l2/2R
friction is 0.15 b) nl2/2R
a) 0.07 c) nl3/2R
b) 0.038 d) nl/2R
c) 0.04 View Answer
d) 0.15
View Answer Answer: b
Explanation: The mechanical widening of track is given by
Answer: b nl2/2R where n is the number of tracks, l is the length of wheel
Explanation: e+f=v2/127R base and R is the radius of track.
e+f=3600/ (127*150)
e+f=0.188 2. The length of wheel base usually considered in India is
e=0.188-0.15 a) 6.1m
e=0.038 b) 5.9m
c) 5.8m
7. The super elevation is calculated for d) 5.5m
a) 75% of design speed including friction View Answer
b) 80% of design speed neglecting friction
c) 75% of design speed neglecting friction Answer: a
d) 80% of design speed including friction Explanation: The length of the wheel base may be assumed
View Answer as 6.0m or 6.1m for vehicles if data is unknown, this value is
considered for commercial vehicles.
Answer: c
Explanation: The super elevation is calculated for 75% of 3. The total off tracking of a vehicle having wheel base length
design speed neglecting the friction on the pavement. as 6.1m and radius of curve 120m is
a) 0.150
8. If the super elevation is 0.07 and width of pavement is 7m b) 0.151
then the raise of outer edge with respect to inner edge is c) 0.153
d) 0.155 c) 0.7
View Answer d) 0.8
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The total off tracking of a vehicle= l2/2R Answer: a
=6.1*6.1/ (2*120) Explanation: The rate of change of acceleration for a design
=0.155. speed of 85kmph is given by
C=80/ (75+V)
4. The extra width required on two lane pavement for a radius C=80/ (75+85)
of curve 100m as recommended by IRC is C=0.5m/sec3.
a) 0.6m
b) 0.7m 9. In a steep terrain the radius of curve is 100m and the
c) 0.8m design speed is 80kmph then the length of transition curve will
d) 0.9m be
View Answer a) 44m
b) 54m
Answer: d c) 64m
Explanation: IRC recommends a value of 0.9m for two lane d) 74m
pavement for radius of curve 100m, this value decreases with View Answer
increase in the length of curve.
Answer: c
5. The mechanical widening of a curve is 1.5m, the curve is Explanation: The length of the transition curve will be V2/R
having a radius of 120m and design speed as 80kmph find Ls=80*80/100
the total widening on the curve Ls=64m.
a) 2.20m
b) 2.26m 10. The total shift of a transition curve is
c) 2.25m a) L2/12R
d) 2.24m b) L2/24R
View Answer c) L2/48R
d) L2/96R
Answer: b View Answer
Explanation: The total widening is the sum of mechanical
widening and psychological widening, Answer: b
Extra width required=1.5m+ V/9.5√R Explanation: The total shift of a transition curve is L2/24R,
=1.5 + 80/9.5 √120 where L is the length of the transition curve and R is the
=2.26m. radius of the curve.
6. The most preferred type of transition curve by IRC for Design of Vertical Alignment
highway is
a) Spiral 1. The vertical alignment of a highway includes
b) Cubic parabola a) Sight distance and traffic intersection
c) Parabola b) Widening of pavements
d) Lemniscate c) Design of valley curves and gradients
View Answer d) Highway lighting
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The most preferred type of transition curve by Answer: c
IRC for highway is parabola, for its ease of construction and Explanation: The design of valley curves, summit curves and
other field work. gradient is included in the vertical alignment of highway.
7. The minimum value of change of centrifugal acceleration is 2. The ruling gradient required for plain or rolling terrain is
a) 0.4m/sec3 a) 1 in 15
b) 0.5m/sec3 b) 1 in 20
c) 0.6m/sec3 c) 1 in 30
d) 0.7m/sec3 d) 1 in 40
View Answer View Answer
Answer: b Answer: c
Explanation: The minimum value of change of centrifugal Explanation: The ruling gradient value required for plain and
acceleration is 0.5 m/sec3 and the maximum value is rolling terrain type of road is 1 in 30 or 3.3%.
0.8m/sec3.
3. The maximum grade compensation for a curve of radius
8. The rate of change of acceleration in m/sec3 for a design 75m is
speed of 85kmph is a) 1%
a) 0.5 b) 1.4%
b) 0.6 c) 1.5%
d) 1.6% L=1*150*150/ (4.4*30)
View Answer L=170m
Answer: a 9. If the deviation angle of the curve is 1/200 and the design
Explanation: The maximum grade compensation is 75/R speed is 80kmph then calculate the total length of the valley
=75/75=1%. curve for comfort condition
a) 18.22
4. The vertical alignment does not influences b) 18.52
a) Sight distance c) 19.22m
b) Vehicle operation cost d) 19.52m
c) Accidents View Answer
d) Vehicle speed
View Answer Answer: c
Explanation: The total length of the curve for comfort condition
Answer: c is 0.38(NV3)1/2
Explanation: The vertical alignment influences sight distance, =0.38(1/200*803)0.5
vehicle operation cost, vehicle speed and comfort while =19.22m
travelling at high speed.
10. The equation for L<OSD for summit curve is given by
5. The angle which is measured at the change of direction of a) NS/8H
two gradients is called b) NS2/8H
a) Standard angle c) NS2/10H
b) Subtended angle d) NS2/12H
c) Deviation angle View Answer
d) Setback angle
View Answer Answer: b
Explanation: The equation of summit curve for L< OSD or
Answer: c L<ISD is given by NS2/8H and the height of the eye of driver is
Explanation: The angle which denotes the direction of change generally assumed as 1.2m.
of two gradients angle is called as deviation angle.
11. The minimum length of vertical curve recommended by
6. The length of summit curve is based on IRC for a design speed of 100kmph is
a) Comfort a) 30m
b) Sight distance b) 40m
c) Convexity c) 50m
d) Deviation angle d) 60m
View Answer View Answer
Answer: b Answer: d
Explanation: The length of summit curve is based on stopping Explanation: IRC recommends a value of 60m for curve
sight distance, it is further divided into two cases, when having a design speed of 100kmph this value decreases with
L>SSD and L<SSD. decrease in speed.
7. The value of “a” in the equation y=ax2 used in the summit Traffic Engineering
curve is
a) N/2L 1. The branch of engineering that deals with improvement of
b) N/3L traffic performance, traffic studies and traffic network is called
c) N/4L a) Highway engineering
d) N/5L b) Railway engineering
View Answer c) Traffic engineering
d) Traffic management
Answer: a View Answer
Explanation: The value of the constant “a” is N/2L where, N is
the deviation angle and L is the length of the curve. Answer: c
Explanation: The branch of engineering that deals with
8. If the length of the summit curve having SSD as 150m and improvement of traffic performance, traffic studies and traffic
deviation angle is 1 in 30 is network is called as traffic engineering, it also includes
a) 50m geometric design and other specifications.
b) 100m
c) 150m 2. In India for design of roads pedestrian is considered as
d) 170m a) Element of traffic
View Answer b) Intruder in traffic
c) Essential part of traffic
Answer: a d) Controller of traffic
Explanation: The length of the summit curve is given by View Answer
L=NS2/4.4
Answer: b congested during morning and evening times due to the
Explanation: In India unfortunately pedestrian is considered school, college and office timings.
as an intruder in traffic and not given much importance as a
result most of the victims are pedestrians only. 8. The traffic survey is conducted during
a) Harvest season
3. The basic objective of traffic engineering is to achieve b) Harvest and lean season
a) Efficient, free and rapid flow of traffic with least priority c) Rainy season
given to accidents d) Summer season
b) Efficient, free and rapid flow of traffic with fewer accidents View Answer
c) Efficient and rapid flow of traffic
d) Rapid flow of traffic Answer: b
View Answer Explanation: Traffic surveys are conducted during harvest and
lean season because they are more accurate and easy to
Answer: b conduct.
Explanation: The basic objective of traffic engineering is to
achieve efficient, free and rapid flow of traffic with fewer 9. Design of road intersections is a part of
accidents and pedestrians are also given importance. a) Highway engineering
b) Railway engineering
4. The study of traffic engineering is divided into how many c) Traffic engineering
major categories? d) Harbour engineering
a) Five View Answer
b) Six
c) Seven Answer: c
d) Eight Explanation: Design of road intersections is a part of highway
View Answer engineering in which types of intersections, the advantages
and disadvantages are studied.
Answer: c
Explanation: The study of traffic engineering is divided into 7 10. The most important objective of traffic engineering is
major categories they are traffic characteristics, traffic studies a) To consider pedestrians as obstruction
and analysis, planning and analysis, geometric design, traffic b) To reduce the accidents
operation, road safety and administration. c) To increase the traffic
d) To provide a high speed road without any other priority
5. The “3-Es” of traffic engineering stand for View Answer
a) Enforcement, empowerment and eradication
b) Engineering, education and expulsion Answer: b
c) Engineering, education and enforcement Explanation: The most important objective is to reduce the
d) Engineering, education and enthusiasm accidents with considerable speed and the pedestrian should
View Answer be considered as an element not obstruction.
7. Which of the following roads are congested during peak 2. A wheel base of 6.5m negotiates a 35m curve find the off
hours? tracking
a) Rural roads a) 0.5m
b) Urban roads b) 0.6m
c) Highways c) 0.62m
d) Express ways d) 0.7m
View Answer View Answer
Answer: b Answer: b
Explanation: The urban roads mostly in cities and towns are Explanation: Off tracking=l2/2R
=6.5*6.5/70 8. An intelligent driver who consumed alcohol will have a
=0.6m chance of
a) Increased alertness
3. In a braking test, a vehicle was moving with a speed of b) Increase in reaction time
45kmph and was stopped by applying brakes, the skid marks c) Increase in speed
were 10.0m in length .determine the skid resistance d) Increase in judgement
a) 0.78m View Answer
b) 0.69m
c) 0.71m Answer: b
d) 0.72m Explanation: A person who is extremely intelligent if he
View Answer consumes alcohol, then there is a chance of losing his control
over mind temporarily and will have increase in reaction time.
Answer: a
Explanation: speed=45/3.6 9. The pollutant mostly released by automobiles is
=12.5m/sec a) CO
Braking distance =u2/2gf b) CO2
10=12.5*12.5/ (2*9.81*f) c) O3<
F=0.78m d) CH4
View Answer
4. The brake efficiency in braking test is assumed as
a) 95% Answer: a
b) 96% Explanation: The pollutant mostly released by automobiles is
c) 99% CO, when it is mixed with haemoglobin it forms
d) 100% carboxyhaemoglobin which is very dangerous for health.
View Answer
10. The most likely cause of accidents is
Answer: d a) Impatience in driving
Explanation: In the braking test the wheels are assumed to be b) Slow speed of vehicle
fully locked and the efficiency is assumed as 100%. c) Pedestrians crossing the road
d) Cattle crossing the road
5. Gross weight, axle and wheel loads of vehicle govern the View Answer
a) Width of pavement
b) Thickness of pavement Answer: a
c) Structural design of pavement and cross drainage Explanation: The most likely cause in this case is impatience
structures in driving as it may lead to anxiety and fear; this mostly affects
d) Traffic junctions the user psychologically.
View Answer
11. The width recommended by IRC for all type of vehicles is
Answer: c a) 1.5m
Explanation: The weight of the vehicle and wheel loads b) 2.0m
usually recommended by IRC is used for design of pavements c) 2.5m
and cross drainage structures. d) 3.0m
View Answer
6. How many types of factors affect the traffic characteristics?
a) One Answer: c
b) Two Explanation: IRC recommends a width of 2.5m for any type of
c) Three vehicle.
d) Four
View Answer 12. The stability of a vehicle is influenced by
a) Width of wheel base only
Answer: d b) Width of wheel base and height of gravity
Explanation: The factors affecting traffic characteristics are c) Height of gravity only
physical, mental, environmental and psychological. d) Length of vehicle only
View Answer
7. The hearing, visibility and reaction time are covered in
which type of factors? Answer: b
a) Physical Explanation: The stability of a vehicle is influenced greatly by
b) Mental width of wheel base and height of center of gravity is useful
c) Psychological near horizontal curves.
d) Environmental
View Answer 13. The height of the vehicle mainly influences
a) Width of pavement
Answer: a b) Length of curve
Explanation: The visibility, hearing and reaction time are c) Clearance under structures
related to the physical conditions of the road, they are d) Design velocity
covered under physical type. View Answer
Answer: c Answer: b
Explanation: The clearance of structures like over bridges and Explanation: The number of vehicles that pass through a
under bridges mainly depends on the height of the vehicle. transverse line of road at a given time in a specified direction
is called as traffic flow or traffic volume expressed in PCU.
14. The minimum number of parameters needed to measure
brake efficiency is 4. HCV stands for
a) One a) Heavy commercial vehicle
b) Two b) Heavy cash vehicle
c) Three c) Heavy consolidated vehicle
d) Four d) Hard commercial vehicle
View Answer View Answer
Answer: b Answer: a
Explanation: The parameters required for measuring brake Explanation: HCV stands for heavy commercial vehicle which
efficiency are initial speed; braking distance and actual includes trucks and buses.
duration of braking application in these three parameters any
two of them are needed. 5. The traffic flow is
a) Static
15. If the acceleration of the vehicle is 6.17m/sec2 then the b) Dynamic
average skid resistance is c) Static and dynamic
a) 0.61 d) May be static or dynamic
b) 0.62 View Answer
c) 0.63
d) 0.64 Answer: b
View Answer Explanation: The traffic flow on the roads is dynamic it
changes with year, month and season. It also depends on the
Answer: b time daily.
Explanation: The average skid resistance f=a/g
f=6.17/9.81 6. The first objective of the traffic volume studies is
=0.63 a) To decide priority for improvement of roads
b) For geometric design
Traffic Engineering Studies and Analysis – 1 c) For computing roadway capacity
d) To plan traffic operation
1. The first stage in the traffic engineering studies is View Answer
a) Traffic volume studies
b) Spot speed studies Answer: a
c) Speed and delay studies Explanation: The first objective of the traffic volume studies is
d) Origin and destination studies to decide priority for improvement of roads like relaying of
View Answer roads, widening of roads and other works.
Answer: a 15. The ratio of seven day average for 24 hour and 24 hour
Explanation: The outgoing and incoming traffic are usually count on any particular day is
counted at traffic intersections as they are convenient to a) Daily factor
count. b) Seasonal factor
c) Annual factor
10. The traffic that is prepared based on 365 days of the year d) Weekly factor
is called View Answer
a) Yearly traffic
b) Annual average daily traffic Answer: a
c) Average daily traffic Explanation: The ratio of seven day average for 24 hour and
d) Average yearly traffic 24 hour count on any particular day is called as daily factor.
View Answer
Traffic Engineering Studies and Analysis – 2
Answer: b
Explanation: The traffic that is prepared based on 365 days of 1. The annual average daily traffic is calculated by the formula
the year is called as AADT or annual average daily traffic. a) ADT*DF*WF
b) ADT*DF*WF*SF
11. The charts showing the variation of the traffic is called c) ADT*WF
a) Traffic chart d) ADT*SF
b) Trend chart View Answer
c) Variation chart
d) Traffic flow maps Answer: b
View Answer Explanation: The AADT is given by AAADT=ADT*DF*WF*SF,
it depends on traffic, day, season and week.
Answer: c
Explanation: The charts showing the variation of the traffic are 2. Running speed of a vehicle is equal to
called as variation charts which show the variation in day, a) Travel speed+ delay
time, year and season. b) Travel speed
c) Travel speed-delay
12. The traffic design in India is based on d) Average of travel speed and delay
a) 10th hourly volume View Answer
b) 20th hourly volume
c) 30th hourly volume Answer: c
d) 45th hourly volume Explanation: The running speed of a vehicle is obtained by
View Answer dividing the distance with time of travel and subtracting the
delays.
Answer: c
Explanation: In India the traffic design is based on 30th hourly 3. The speed at any instant of time is called
volume which is considered as peak factor for traffic design. a) Running speed
b) Travel speed
13. The 5 minute count at a traffic junction is 15 find the hourly c) Spot speed
count d) Space speed
a) 50 View Answer
b) 100
c) 120 Answer: c
d) 180 Explanation: The speed at any instant of time is called as spot
View Answer speed or instantaneous speed, running speed is during travel
and average speed of travel is travel speed.
Answer: d
Explanation: The hourly count =15*12 4. Which of the following relationship is correct?
=180 a) Travel speed= running speed
b) Travel speed< running speed c) Travel speed>running
14. If the traffic volume count on a road is 150 and daily factor speed
is 1.1 and seasonal factor is 1.2 then ADT is d) Travel speed=1.5 times of running speed
a) 196 View Answer
b) 197
c) 198 Answer: b
d) 199 Explanation: Running speed is always greater than travel
View Answer speed as the travel speed always includes the stopped
delays.
5. Peak hour factor is expressed in percentage of d) 100 percentile speed
a) ADT View Answer
b) AADT
c) PCU Answer: c
d) DF Explanation: In India mostly the road geometrics are designed
View Answer for 98th percentile speed, the upper limit for speed is 85th
percentile and lower limit is 15th percentile.
Answer: b
Explanation: Peak hour factor is expressed in percentage of Traffic Flow and Roadway Capacity
AADT; it is used in the design of transportation facilities and
major projects. 1. The weaving manoeuvres is a type of
a) Merging
6. How many types of traffic speed studies are conducted? b) Diverging
a) One c) Intersection
b) Two d) Crossing
c) Three View Answer
d) Four
View Answer Answer: d
Explanation: The weaving manoeuvre is a type of crossing
Answer: b manoeuvre as it involves crossing of traffic.
Explanation: There are two types of studies conducted for
speed, they are (i) spot studies (ii) speed and delay studies. 2. Which of the following does not affect traffic flow?
a) Vehicles travelling at speed
7. If the distance of a vehicle moved is 25m and the observed b) Length of the vehicle
travel time is 15 sec then the space mean speed is c) Weather conditions
a) 4m/s d) Geometric design
b) 5m/s View Answer
c) 6m/s
d) 7m/s Answer: b
View Answer Explanation: Traffic flow does not depend on the length of the
vehicle, as it is not related to the flow.
Answer: c
Explanation: Space mean speed=3.6*25/15 3. The speed at which the value of time headway is lowest
=6m/sec represents the
a) Optimum speed
8. If the space mean speed of a vehicle is 50kmph, then the b) Maximum speed
time mean speed will be c) Maximum headway
a) Less than 50kmph d) Minimum headway
b) Greater than 50kmph View Answer
c) Equal to 50kmph
d) Depends on the vehicle Answer: a
View Answer Explanation: The speed at which the value of time headway is
lowest represents the optimum speed.
Answer: b
Explanation: The Time mean speed will always be greater 4. In countries like USA and UAE, which of the regulation is
than space mean speed and it will be greater than 50kmph. followed?
a) Keep to left
9. If the instantaneous speed of 4 vehicles are 35, 40, 45 and b) Keep to right
50 then the time mean speed will be c) Keep to middle
a) 40kmph d) Follow intersection
b) 41 kmph View Answer
c) 41.5kmph
d) 42.5kmph Answer: b
View Answer Explanation: In countries like US and UAE, keep to right
regulation is followed as they follow the left hand drive.
Answer: d
Explanation: The space mean speed is given by 5. When the gap of the vehicle changes to a smaller lane then
Vt=V1+V2+V3+V4/(4) it is called
=35+40+45+50/ (4) a) Lane change
=42.5kmph b) Forced lane change
c) Simultaneous lane change
10. The geometric design in India are designed for d) Voluntary lane change
a) 85th percentile speed View Answer
b) 15th percentile speed
c) 98th percentile speed Answer: b
Explanation: The gap of the vehicle changes to a smaller lane
then it is called as forced lane change, as it forces a driver to 11. Which of the following equation is correct?
shift to the smaller lane. a) Q=KV
b) K=qv
6. The vehicles per unit length at any instant of time is called c) K=qv2
as d) V=kq
a) Density View Answer
b) Jam density
c) Maximum density Answer: a
d) Traffic flow Explanation: K is the density of vehicles/km and V is the
View Answer velocity in kmph Q is the number of vehicles.
Answer: a Answer: a
Explanation: Qi= 280W [1+e/W][1-p/3] / (1+W/L) Explanation: If the product of fast moving vehicles and
Q=280*12*[1+0.4/12][1-0.5/3] /(1+12/7.2) number of trains should exceed by 25000 then we have to
Q=1088PCU justify the bypass road construction and if it exceeds 50000 it
is mandatory.
Design of Parking Facility
6. Parking facilities may be classified into how many types?
1. The best type of interchange can be provided with a) One
a) Rotary b) Two
b) Diamond c) Three
c) Partial cloverleaf d) Four
d) Full cloverleaf View Answer
View Answer
Answer: b
Answer: d Explanation: The parking facilities are classified into two
Explanation: Full clover leaf interchange provides all the types, they are on street and off street parking.
required facilities for interchange and it is the most convenient
to use. 7. The type of parking in which the vehicles are parked along
the kerb is called
2. A grade intersection may be provided if the PCU exceeds a) Kerb parking
a) 5000 b) Off-street parking
b) 6000 c) Parallel parking
c) 7000 d) Angle parking
d) 10000 View Answer
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The type of parking in which the vehicles are
parked along the kerb is called kerb parking.
8. Which type of parking facility is convenient for all types of c) 12
users? d) 13
a) Kerb parking View Answer
b) Off-street parking
c) Parallel parking Answer: a
d) 90 degree parking Explanation: Parking spaces in 90 degree parking=25/2.5
View Answer =10
Answer: d 14. The place allotted particularly for only parking is called
Explanation: The 90 degree parking is most convenient for a) Parking lot
users as it is easy to park and easy to handle even for new b) Parking space
users. c) Clover space
d) Traffic parking
9. The maximum number of cars can be parked in View Answer
a) Kerb parking
b) Off-street parking Answer: a
c) Parallel parking Explanation: The place allotted particularly for only parking is
d) 90 degree parking called as parking lot.
View Answer
15. The most inconvenient method for parking is
Answer: c a) 30 degree parking
Explanation: The maximum number of vehicles can be b) 45 degree parking
accommodated for same length in parallel parking. c) 90 degree parking
d) Parallel parking
10. The number of parking spaces for a kerb of 59m and View Answer
having the length of car as 5.0m is
a) 9 Answer: a
b) 10 Explanation: 30 degree parking is the most inconvenient as
c) 11 everyone cannot turn in this angle.90 degree parking is
d) 12 convenient and in parallel most cars can be handled.
View Answer
Pedestrian Facilties
Answer: b
Explanation: Number of parking spaces =59/5.9 1. The road traffic consists of how many types of traffic?
=10 a) Vehicle traffic
Here, extra width of 0.9m is considered, because the vehicles b) Pedestrian traffic
cannot be parked very close. c) Vehicular and pedestrian traffic
d) No traffic
11. The first stage of parking lot is View Answer
a) Entrance
b) Acceptance Answer: c
c) Storage Explanation: The road traffic consists of both vehicular traffic
d) Delivery and pedestrian traffic.
View Answer
2. Which of the following is not a consequence of pedestrian
Answer: a using roadway?
Explanation: The first stage of parking lot is entrance followed a) Reduction in effective roadway
by acceptance, storage, delivery and exit. b) Reduction in running speed
c) Reduction in capacity of road
12. The parking facility in which elevators are required to d) Increase of zebra crossings
change to a different level is called View Answer
a) Parking lot
b) Multi storeyed building Answer: d
c) Clover leaf junction Explanation: Zebra crossings are meant only for crossing of
d) Ramp pedestrians, it is not related to roadway.
View Answer
3. In which type of transport, walk mode is mandatory?
Answer: b a) Personal vehicles
Explanation: In multi storeyed buildings, usually in tall b) Public transport
buildings there is elevator provided to change the level of c) Ships
parking. d) Airways
View Answer
13. In 90 degree parking the length of kerb is 25m, the
parking spaces are Answer: b
a) 10 Explanation: Mostly in public transport like bus and metros,
b) 11 walking is mandatory for a long distance.
4. The most vulnerable part of traffic is Answer: b
a) Traffic jam Explanation: The minimum width of side walk is considered as
b) Vehicles 1.5m it may be more depending on the requirement.
c) Pedestrians
d) Cattle 10. The width requirement of side walk is decided with the
View Answer help of
a) Pedestrians
Answer: c b) Vehicles
Explanation: Pedestrians are the most vulnerable part of c) Pedestrian flow
traffic and they should be treated with utmost care. d) Vehicular flow
View Answer
5. The main objective of pedestrian facility is
a) To minimize the pedestrian conflicts Answer: c
b) To minimize the traffic conflicts Explanation: The width requirement of side walk is decided
c) To minimize the traffic on road with the help of pedestrian flow, its width is decided based on
d) To maximize the pedestrians on road pedestrian flow.
View Answer
11. The dead width usually considered as
Answer: a a) 0.5m
Explanation: The main objective of pedestrian facility is to b) 1.0m
minimize the pedestrian conflicts caused by vehicles. c) 1.5m
d) 2.0m
6. The studies that are conducted for planning the facilities of View Answer
pedestrians is called
a) Pedestrian studies Answer: b
b) Pedestrian volume studies Explanation: The dead width usually is considered as 1.0m
c) Geometric studies and in shopping areas it may be more, it is a width which is
d) Statistics not mostly used, usually left for setback.
View Answer
12. If the side walk is 1.5m, then the capacity of pedestrians in
Answer: b one way is
Explanation: The studies that are conducted for planning the a) 1200
facilities of pedestrians are called pedestrian volume studies. b) 800
c) 1600
7. The width requirement of side walk depends on d) 2400
a) Pedestrian flow View Answer
b) Traffic flow
c) Pedestrian and traffic flow Answer: a
d) Climatic conditions Explanation: If the side walk is 1.5m, then the capacity of
View Answer pedestrians in one way is 1200, it increases with increase in
the width.
Answer: a
Explanation: The width requirement of side walk depends on 13. The cross slope of paved footpath may be
pedestrian flow of that area, traffic doesn’t travel on footpath a) 1 to 2%
and climate doesn’t affect the pedestrian but affects the b) 2 to 3%
design. c) 3 to 4%
d) 4% only
8. The pedestrian facilities are planned for View Answer
a) Present requirement
b) Estimated growth of population Answer: c
c) Past population Explanation: The cross slope of footpath may be 3 to 4% and
d) Both present and past requirements in unpaved it may be 4 to 6%.
View Answer
14. Which of the following is a controlled type of pedestrian
Answer: b crossing?
Explanation: The facilities like footpath and sidewalks are a) Pavement marking
planned for future estimated population. b) Studs
c) Warning signs
9. The minimum width of side walk is d) Pedestrian signals
a) 1.0m View Answer
b) 1.5m
c) 1.75m Answer: d
d) 2.0m Explanation: Pedestrian signals are a type of traffic signals
View Answer used to control the pedestrian traffic, warning signals are for
traffic.
15. The approach velocity as per IRC for pedestrian crossing c) Silhouette
facilities is d) Reverse silhouette
a) 60kmph View Answer
b) 65kmph
c) 70kmph Answer: c
d) 75kmph Explanation: If the object appears darker than the road
View Answer surface it is called as silhouette. If the reverse process occurs
it is called reverse silhouette.
Answer: b
Explanation: The approach velocity as per IRC is considered 6. Which of the pavement is better for highway lighting?
as 65kmph, for the safety of pedestrian but it may depend a) Black top surface
varying on the conditions. b) Cement concrete
c) WBM
Highway lighting d) Gravel roads
View Answer
1. The highway accidents occur mostly at
a) Day time Answer: b
b) Night time Explanation: Cement concrete roads have a better visibility
c) Both day and night than other all roads, but they are more expensive.
d) Early morning hours
View Answer 7. The objects adjacent to the pavement are seen by
a) Silhouette
Answer: b b) Reverse silhouette
Explanation: The highway accidents occur mostly at night c) Lamps
time, if adequate lighting is not provided. d) Head lights
View Answer
2. Highway lighting is more important at
a) Cities Answer: b
b) Towns Explanation: The objects adjacent to the pavement are seen
c) Villages by a process called as reverse silhouette.
d) Bridges
View Answer 8. The intensity of highway lighting is measured in
a) Lux
Answer: d b) Candela
Explanation: Highway lighting is more important at bridges, c) Lumen
because its boundaries should be visible even at night time. d) Dioptres
View Answer
3. Road lighting is a
a) Advantage for users Answer: a
b) Disadvantage for users Explanation: The intensity of highway lighting is measured
c) Economically profitable usually in lux, dioptre is unit of focal power, candela and
d) Obstruction for users lumen are also units of intensity of light, but not usually used.
View Answer
9. The minimum amount of highway lighting to be provided on
Answer: a urban roads is
Explanation: Road lighting is an added advantage for users, a) 10 Lux
even headlight of vehicles may be sufficient but it would be b) 15 Lux
better if it is provided. c) 30 lux
d) 40 Lux
4. During the construction of highway, more highway lighting View Answer
preference is given to
a) Village Answer: c
b) Town Explanation: IRC recommends a minimum of 30 lux on urban
c) City roads and 15 lux on rural roads.
d) Intersections
View Answer 10. Which of the design factors considered in roadway lighting
provide all the necessary features?
Answer: d a) Lamps
Explanation: During the construction of highway, more b) Luminaire distribution of light
highway lighting preference is given to intersections, as it is c) Spacing of lighting
the most critical place. d) Lateral placements
View Answer
5. If the object appears darker than the road surface it is
called Answer: b
a) Discernment Explanation: The design factors considered in roadway
b) Partial discernment
lighting provide all the necessary features are luminaire 1. Land use, transportation and road network plans are
distribution of light. a) Inter linked
b) Intra linked
11. Which lamps are preferred at intersections? c) Not linked
a) Sodium-vapour d) Depends on the network
b) Mercury View Answer
c) Filament
d) Fluorescent Answer: a
View Answer Explanation: Land use, transportation and road network plans
are inter linked to each other and they are inseparable.
Answer: a
Explanation: Sodium vapour lights are mostly preferred at 2. The main cause of accidents in urban areas is
intersections, as they provide more lighting and are a) Improper planning
economical. b) Extra wide roads
c) Additional thickness of pavement
12. The ratio of average illumination recommended by IRC is d) Traffic congestion
a) 0.3 View Answer
b) 0.4
c) 0.5 Answer: a
d) 0.6 Explanation: The main cause of accidents in urban areas is
View Answer improper planning, no adequate facilities and increase of
traffic.
Answer: b
Explanation: The ratio of average illumination recommended 3. The first stage in the function of traffic engineering
by IRC is 0.4, for national highway it is better if it is more than department is
0.4 for illumination purpose. a) Planning and design
b) Collection of data
13. The clearance recommended by IRC for poles in urban c) Investigations
roads is d) Finance
a) 0.3m View Answer
b) 0.4m
c) 0.5m Answer: b
d) 0.6m Explanation: The first stage in the function of traffic
View Answer engineering department is collection of data followed by
analysis and design.
Answer: d
Explanation: The clearance recommended by IRC is 0.6m 4. Traffic forecast is not influenced by
from raise of kerb and in non-availability of space it may be a) GDP
reduced to 0.3m. b) Industrial output
c) Population
14. The spacing between the highway lamps is d) Weather
a) 10 to 15m View Answer
b) 15 to 30m
c) 30 to 45m Answer: d
d) 30 to 60m Explanation: Weather cannot influence the traffic forecast, as
View Answer it is not related to traffic engineering, the remaining directly or
indirectly are related to the traffic.
Answer: d
Explanation: The spacing between the highway lamps is 5. Demographic factors do not include
between 30-60m, they are not fixed they may vary but they a) GDP
are recommended between 30-60m distance. b) Population in urban cities
c) Population in rural areas
15. The maintenance factor of highway is assumed as d) Overall population
a) 0.5 View Answer
b) 0.6
c) 0.7 Answer: a
d) 0.8 Explanation: Demographic factors include population,
View Answer population in urban and rural areas, GDP accounts for
economic factors.
Answer: d
Explanation: The average life or maintenance factor can be 6. The NHDP are being undertaken by private companies on
assumed as 80% or 0.8, this is an assumption only it may basis of
also be 100%. a) Profit
b) Revenue
Traffic Planning and Management c) BOT
d) Commission basis Answer: a
View Answer Explanation: The embankment is the lowest layer and it is
below the sub grade, base is above sub base, sub base is
Answer: c above the sub grade.
Explanation: In India mostly private and govt. sectors follow
BOT which means build operate transfer, it is built by private 4. The highest CBR number is required for
firm and later transferred to govt. a) Pavement
b) Sub grade
7. The traffic will increase if the c) Sub base
a) Price of fuel decreases d) Base
b) Price of vehicles decreases View Answer
c) Price of fuel decreases
d) Price of vehicles decreases Answer: b
View Answer Explanation: CBR number decreases with increase in height,
the soil requires highest CBR and the pavement requires the
Answer: b lowest CBR.
Explanation: The traffic increases if the prices of vehicle
decreases, price of fuel may increase and decrease, but if the 5. The most common waste material used in construction is
price of vehicle decreases then the traffic increases. a) Fly ash
b) Slag
8. The traffic population is estimated by c) Pozzolona
a) Arithmetic method d) Rice husk
b) Geometric method View Answer
c) Incremental increase method
d) Harmonic method Answer: a
View Answer Explanation: Fly ash is an industrial waste obtained from the
thermal plants, it has been mandatory to use the fly ash in
Answer: b bricks.
Explanation: The population forecast is calculated by
P=P0 (1+r)n 6. Bitumen is a by-product of
Where, P is the expected population, n is the number of a) Wood
years, P0 is the present population. b) Petroleum
c) Kerosene
Materials used in Highway Construction d) Coal
View Answer
1. The materials not included in highway construction are
a) Stone Answer: b
b) Dust Explanation: Bitumen is obtained by burning the petroleum at
c) Soil high temperatures, it is mostly used in the construction of
d) Petrol flexible pavements.
View Answer
7. Tar is a by-product of
Answer: d a) Wood
Explanation: Petrol is not used directly in highway b) Petroleum
construction, but by-product like bitumen is used.stone, dust c) Kerosene
and soil may be used in subgrade and base. d) Coal
View Answer
2. For places where there is a passage of flood water then the
highway has to be built on Answer: a
a) Embankment Explanation: Tar is a by-product which is obtained from wood,
b) Subway tar and bitumen may look similar, but they are not the same.
c) Overpass
d) Underpass 8. In the initial stage of construction which type of pavement is
View Answer cheap?
a) Flexible
Answer: a b) Rigid
Explanation: If the HFL is more than the formation level of the c) Composite
road which is going to be provided, then it has to be built on d) WBM
embankment. View Answer
12. The slope of curve obtained between the number of blows 2. The plate bearing test is used to evaluate
and water content in the cassagrande’s method is a) Modulus of sub grade reaction
a) Toughness index b) Modulus of sub base reaction
b) Activity c) Modulus of base reaction
c) Flow index d) Modulus of pavement
d) Liquid limit View Answer
View Answer
Answer: a
Answer: c Explanation: The plate bearing test is used to evaluate the
Explanation: The slope of curve obtained between the number modulus of subgrade reaction “k” which is used in
westergards analysis.
3. If the shear strength of the non-cohesive soil is 8. Impact value is used to measure
84KN/m2 and angle of friction is 30 degrees, then the normal a) Hardness
strength in KN/m2 is b) Toughness
a) 140 c) Wheel load
b) 141 d) Strength
c) 143 View Answer
d) 145
View Answer Answer: b
Explanation: The impact value of an aggregate is used to
Answer: d measure its toughness; if it is tough then it has a low impact
Explanation: value, hardness is for resistance to abrasion, strength is
S=c+σtanθ resistance to crushing.
84=σtan30
σ=145 9. The capability of aggregate to resist more weathering
action and wheel load is called
4. Stone aggregate do not have to resist a) Hardness
a) Weathering effect b) Toughness
b) Traffic load c) Durability
c) Wheel load stress d) Angularity
d) Soil load View Answer
View Answer
Answer: c
Answer: d Explanation: Durability is the period till which the aggregate
Explanation: Stone aggregate do not have to resist the soil can resist the weathering action and other loads, hardness is
load as they are transferred by foundation only, weathering the resistance to abrasion and toughness is the resistance to
traffic and wheel load are directly experienced by aggregates. impact.
5. Sand obtained from river is used as 10. If the aggregates are exceptionally strong then they are
a) Course aggregate having impact value
b) Fine aggregate a) Less than 10
c) Filling materials b) Less than 15
d) Substitute c) Less than 30
View Answer d) Greater than 30
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Sand obtained from river is used as fine Answer: a
aggregate as it can be used to fill the voids in the concrete, Explanation: The aggregates which have a less impact value
coarse aggregate is obtained from the rock, sand is not used are exceptionally tough, but normally the aggregate upto 30%
as filling material but stone dust can be used if sand is not impact value can be used.
available.
11. The skid number for highways should not be less than
6. Soft aggregates are used in a) 55
a) Lower layers b) 45
b) Upper layers c) 35
c) Everywhere in the pavement d) 25
d) Depends on the material View Answer
View Answer
Answer: a
Answer: a Explanation: The skid number for highways should not be less
Explanation: Soft aggregates cannot resist the weathering than 55 for national highways to ensure smooth ride, if it is
action and wheel load of the vehicle, so they are preferred in less than 55 then suitable precautions have to be taken.
lower layers, as they are impacted directly.
12. The specific gravity for aggregates should be within the
7. Which of the following is a soft aggregate? range of
a) Brick a) 2.5-2.8
b) Gravel b) 2.6-2.9
c) Clay c) 2.4-2.6
d) Silt d) 2.2-2.6
View Answer View Answer
Answer: a Answer: b
Explanation: Bricks are not actually aggregates, but the Explanation: The specific gravity for aggregates should be
crushed bricks or over burnt bricks are used as aggregates in within the range of 2.6-2.9 for pavement construction
pavement they are not so hard as the hard aggregate. purposes.
13. The crushing value of the aggregate determines its mostly 20 mm aggregate is used in RCC and 40 mm in
a) Hardness pavements.
b) Strength
c) Toughness 3. The maximum size of aggregate that can be used in R.C.C
d) Durability is
View Answer a) 10mm
b) 15mm
Answer: b c) 20mm
Explanation: The resistance to crushing is referred as d) 25mm
strength, whereas the resistance to abrasion is called View Answer
hardness.
Answer: c
14. The flakiness index for surface dressing should not Explanation: The maximum size of aggregates used in RCC is
exceed limited to 20mm, for ease of compaction and workability,
a) 15% however 10 mm, 15 mm are also used, in some exceptions 25
b) 25% mm also is used.
c) 35%
d) 45% 4. The flaky aggregates should not exceed
View Answer a) ½ of mean dimension
b) 3/4th of mean dimension
Answer: b c) 3/5th of mean dimension
Explanation: The flakiness index for aggregates that are used d) 1/8th of mean dimension
in the pavement surface dressing should not exceed 25%, but View Answer
in any case combined flakiness and elongation index should
never exceed 30%. Answer: c
Explanation: The flaky aggregate is usually considered as
15. The sum of flakiness index and elongation index should 3/5th of its mean lateral dimension, the flaky aggregates
not exceed should not be used in pavements.
a) 15
b) 20 5. The factors which effect the formation of metamorphic
c) 30 rocks are
d) 40 a) Heat
View Answer b) Pressure
c) Heat and pressure
Answer: c d) Molten lava
Explanation: IRC recommends the combined flakiness and View Answer
elongation index not to exceed 30%. for the aggregate that
should be used in a highway. Answer: c
Explanation: Metamorphic rocks are obtained both from
Stone Aggregates – 2 sedimentary and igneous rocks, which are influenced by
factors like heat and pressure.
1. Aggregates obtained from which type of rocks are strong?
a) Igneous 6. The fine aggregates are having a size less than
b) Sedimentary a) 5mm
c) Metamorphic b) 4.75mm
d) Rocks formed by weathering c) 2.36 mm
View Answer d) 75 microns
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Aggregates that are obtained from igneous rocks Answer: b
are strongest they include granite, basalt. Sedimentary are Explanation: If the sieve size of aggregates less than 4.75mm,
obtained from igneous rocks and metamorphic from igneous then it is called as fine aggregate. If it exceeds 4.75 mm it is
and sedimentary so they are not so strong. gravel, if it is less than 75 microns it is a fine grain soil.
2. The maximum size that can be used in plain concrete is 7. Which type of aggregates gives good workability?
a) 40 mm a) Round
b) 20 mm b) Flaky
c) 100 mm c) Angular
d) 80 mm d) Irregular
View Answer View Answer
Answer: d Answer: a
Explanation: The maximum size of aggregate that can be Explanation: The aggregates which gives more ease of
used in plain concrete is 80mm with ease of workability, working and workability is round aggregate, flaky and angular
however they exceed in some special cases up to 100 mm, also used in some cases, irregular also are used in
pavements.
8. If the bulk density of an aggregate is 2.6kg/lit and Gs is 2.8 13. The minimum grade of concrete required for pavement
then, the percentage of voids is design is
a) 7.1 a) M30
b) 71 b) M35
c) 710 c) M40
d) 0.71 d) M45
View Answer View Answer
Answer: a Answer: c
Explanation: Percentage of voids=G-Ὑ/G Explanation: The minimum grade of concrete required for
=2.8-2.6/ (2.8) pavement is M40 as it has to resist both wheel loads and
=7.14% weathering action, M30 for low volume roads, M45 may be
more helpful.
9. The dividing and operating of aggregates into different
sizes is called 14. The aggregates which do not have sufficient strength like
a) Sieve analysis waste bricks can be used in
b) Gap grading a) Base
c) Impact b) Shoulder
d) Hardness c) Surface
View Answer d) Footpath
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The operating and division of the aggregates as Answer: d
per size is called as sieve analysis, in which the particles are Explanation: The aggregates which don’t have sufficient
divided as per size, gap grading is a part of the graph drawn strength can be used in footpath as it is not so important
in sieve analysis. component, surface and shoulder use gravel, base mostly
requires high strength soil.
10. The expansion of aggregate on reaction with water is
called Bituminous Binders
a) Swelling
b) Bulking 1.Bitumen is obtained from
c) Expelling a) Wood
d) Breaking b) Petroleum
View Answer c) Coal
d) Kerosene
Answer: b View Answer
Explanation: If the aggregate reacts with water and its volume
increase then it is called as bulking, swelling is absorption of Answer: b
water, expelling is removal of water, and breaking is complete Explanation: Bitumen is a product that can be obtained from
failure. petroleum, bitumen is the most preferred material for
pavement now.
11. The skid resistance is measured in
a) Swedish pendulum number 2. Tar is obtained from
b) British pendulum number a) Wood
c) Indian pendulum number b) Petroleum
d) Friction coefficient c) Coal
View Answer d) Kerosene
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The skid resistance of the pavement is Answer: a
measured in British pendulum number, which is obtained just Explanation: Tar is a byproduct of wood, both tar and bitumen
by rubbing the material with equipment. look similar and used for pavement.
12. Which material can be replaced in concrete for a strong 3.Tar is not used now because of
pervious concrete pavement? a) Cost
a) Water b) Efficiency
b) Course aggregate c) Harmful effects
c) Fine aggregate d) Not satisfactory
d) Cement View Answer
View Answer
Answer: c
Answer: b Explanation: Tar is not being used now because of its heating
Explanation: Apart from replacement, there are many effects and poisonous gases released during heating.
materials that can be used for substitution, for a strong
pervious concrete pavement better option is to replace coarse 4.Bitumen is
aggregate. a) Pyrogenous
b) Natural Answer: b
c) Either natural or pyrogenous Explanation: The bitumen becomes softer in summer due to
d) Artificial heating and stiffer in winter due to cooling.
View Answer
10.Which bitumen does not need heating?
Answer: c a) Paving grade
Explanation The bitumen may be natural or pyrogenous which b) Cut back
is completely soluble in carbon disulfide and carbon c) Modified
tetrachloride. d) Bitumen emulsion
View Answer
5.The bitumen is completely soluble in
a) Carbon monoxide Answer: b
b) Carbon dioxide Explanation: The cutback bitumen which is the most
c) Carbon sulfide economical type may or may not require heating, whereas the
d) Carbon disulfide remaining required to be heated.
View Answer
11.The distance between two samples in penetration test
Answer: c should be
Explanation: Bitumen is completely soluble in carbon disulfide a) 10mm
and carbon terachloride, these are the chemical substances in b) 15mm
which bitumen dissolves completely. c) 20mm
d) 25mm
6.The resistance to flow is measured by View Answer
a) Flash and fire
b) Viscosity Answer: a
c) Penetration test Explanation: The minimum distance between samples must
d) Ductility test be 10mm in penetration test, if it is less than 10 mm then
View Answer there is no accurate value for penetration.
10. The first test to be done for determining any property of Answer: c
cement is Explanation: IS has classified the grades of cement
a) Consistency depending upon the requirement into 9 categories of various
b) Setting time classes and materials.
c) Soundness
d) Fineness Design of Highway Pavements
View Answer
1. The surface of highway pavement should be designed to
Answer: a allow
Explanation: The first test to be done for determining any a) High rolling resistance
property of cement is consistency test which lies between 27 b) Low rolling resistance
and 29. c) No rolling resistance
d) Very high rolling resistance
11. The volume of water in setting time test is View Answer
a) 0.78p
b) 0.75p Answer: b
c) 0.85p Explanation: The surface of highway pavement should be
d) 0.95p designed to allow no rolling resistance for safety purposes.
View Answer
2. The soil becomes weak in
Answer: c a) Summer
Explanation: The volume of water in setting time test is 0.85p b) Winter
where p is the consistency of the cement sample. c) Rainy season
d) Spring season
12. The volume of water in soundness test is View Answer
a) 0.6p
b) 0.7p
c) 0.78p
Answer: c d) Sub grade
Explanation: The soil becomes weak in rainy season due to View Answer
the absorption of water in the soil.
Answer: b
3. The pavement layer is considered superior if it distributes Explanation: The drainage layer is the sub base layer which is
load like a used to collect the water from pavement surfaces to send to
a) Point load ground water.
b) Uniformly distributed load
c) Uniformly varying load 9. The maximum stress sustained by concrete pavements in
d) Triangular load kg/cm2 is
View Answer a) 40
b) 45
Answer: a c) 50
Explanation: The pavement layer is considered most superior d) 55
if it distributes the load equally to all parts of pavement. View Answer
Answer: a Answer: d
Explanation: The Poisson’s ratio for a homogeneous soil is Explanation: The modulus of elasticity should increase as the
assumed as 0.5. pavement layer increase from bottom to top.
8. At surface the value of constant F is 14. The most superior material used in pavement is
a) 1 a) DBM
b) 1.18 b) WBM
c) 1.5 c) Tar
d) 2 d) Bitumen
View Answer View Answer
Answer: c Answer: d
Explanation: The value of the constant F in finding out the Explanation: The most superior material used in pavement is
deflection is 1.5. bitumen which is mostly used for the surface layer.
9.The unit of deflection is measured in 15. In which layer system the modulus of elasticity will be
a) mm equal for all layers?
b) N mm a) Single
c) joule b) Double
d) watt c) Triple
View Answer d) Four layer
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The deflection is measured in mm, cm or m Answer: a
depending on the requirement of the pavement. Explanation: In the single layer of system all the layers have
same modulus of elasticity which means it is covered with
10. The constant in rigid pavement design is only one material.
a) 1.5
b) 1.18 Flexible Pavement Design Method – 1
c) 2
d) 3 1. How many types of methods are there to design a flexible
View Answer pavement
a) One
Answer: b b) Two
Explanation: The constant value of the pavement in rigid c) Three
pavement design is assumed as 1.18. d) Four
View Answer
11. The diameter of the plate in plate load test is
a) 30 cm Answer: c
b) 30 mm Explanation: There are three types of methods to design a
c) 3 m flexible pavement they are empirical, semi empirical and
d) 0.3 m theoretical method.
View Answer
2. Empirical method is dependent on strength of
Answer: a a) Soil
Explanation: The diameter of plate used in plate bearing test b) Sub base
is 30 cm, it is a rigid plate. c) Base
d) Surface
12. The minimum deflection assumed in plate bearing test is View Answer
a) 0.25 mm
b) 0.25 cm Answer: a
c) 2.5 cm Explanation: The strength of the soil sub grade is used to
d) 2.5 m design the flexible pavement, because the sub base and base
View Answer are more stronger than the sub grade, so design depends on
sub grade only.
Answer: b
Explanation: The deflection is usually fixed in plate bearing 3. The stress strain approach is used in
test and it varies between 0.25 cm and 0.5 cm. a) Empirical method
b) Semi empirical method
13. The layer which should have high modulus of elasticity is c) Theoretical
a) Soil
d) CBR method b) Changes with sub grade
View Answer c) Changes with sub base
d) Changes with base
Answer: b View Answer
Explanation: The design of pavement using stress strain
approach is used in semi empirical method, which depends Answer: a
both on theory and graph. Explanation: The total thickness of the pavement remains
constant as it does not depend on the number of layers.
4. CBR is a
a) Measure of soil strength 10.As per MORTH the specified compaction of density is
b) Flexible pavement design method a) 95%
c) Rigid pavement design method b) 96%
d) Measure of soil characteristics c) 100%
View Answer d) 99%
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: CBR is a method of designing the flexible Answer: c
pavement by using the soil characteristics. Explanation: MORTH recommends a field density of 97% for
heavy compaction, in some cases it recommended even 99 or
5. The design charts are prepared based on 100% of lab density.
a) Climate
b) Past experience 11. The top 500mm of soil sub grade should be compacted at
c) Location a) OMC
d) Traffic b) MDD
View Answer c) Dry density
d) Saturated density
Answer: b View Answer
Explanation: The design charts are prepared based on the
past experience hence they are not reliable, as it changes Answer: a
according to location. Explanation: The top 500mm layer in the soil sub grade
should be compacted at OMC, to obtain M.D.D, only at M.D.D
6. For which material the semi empirical method is useful? the soil gets its maximum strength.
a) Elastic
b) Plastic 12. For how much amount of rainfall soaking of specimen is
c) Rigid not required?
d) Semi rigid a) 100 mm
View Answer b) 200 mm
c) 300 mm
Answer: a d) 500 mm
Explanation: If the material is elastic, then it will obey hookes View Answer
law, so after that limit it is not so useful.
Answer: d
7.The CBR method was developed by Explanation: For a rainy area which is having an amount of
a) California division of highway rainfall more than 500 mm, then soaking of specimen is not
b) IRC required.
c) MORTH
d) NHAI 13.Maximum aggregate size in CBR method is
View Answer a) 20 mm
b) 30 mm
Answer: a c) 40 mm
Explanation: In 1925, the California division of highway d) 50 mm
designed the CBR method for design of flexible pavement. View Answer
1. Based on topography and climate of the location which 7. If the flexural strength of a pavement is 45 and it’s stress is
factor is estimated? 40 then factor of safety is
a) Temperature a) 1
b) Pavement quality b) 1.1
c) Pavement thickness c) 1.15
d) Pavement design method d) 1.2
View Answer View Answer
Answer: b Answer: c
Explanation: The thickness is the most important factor that is Explanation: The ratio of the flexural strength to total flexural
designed as per requirement, pavement quality and pavement stress is called as factor of safety.
method are indirectly dependent on pavement design.
9. The pavement thickness is usually assumed in rigid
2. The warping stress is dependent on pavement as
a) Length of slab a) 20 cm
b) length and width of slab b) 25 cm
c) Thickness of slab c) 30 cm
d) Water content in slab d) 35 cm
View Answer View Answer
14. The plasticity index for a sub grade should be less than Answer: b
a) 45 Explanation: The blade angle of a bulldozer is usually kept
b) 35 perpendicular, which is always 90 degrees to the soil.
c) 25
d) 15 5.The precise control of excavation is possible by
View Answer a) Scrapper
b) Hoe
Answer: c c) Shovel
Explanation: The plasticity index for a sub grade should be d) Bulldozer
less than 25 for embankment construction. View Answer
15. The rollers that uses both tamping and kneading is Answer: a
a) Plain roller Explanation: The precise control of the excavation is possible
b) Vibratory roller by scrapper, but they can’t be used for greater depth.
c) Sheep foot roller
d) Pneumatic roller 6. The boom is supported by
View Answer a) Cab
b) Dipper stick
Answer: c c) Hoist line
Explanation: The sheep foot roller can use both the procedure d) Crawler
of tamping and kneading that is done by using a roller that View Answer
resemble the paw of a sheep.
Answer: c b) 71 kg
Explanation: The hoist line gives the support to boom which is c) 82 kg
attached to the cab, cab is the place where controls are d) 93 kg
placed and boom is the support. View Answer
1. The earth slopes and cuts get damaged due to. Answer: c
a) Rain cuts Explanation: The freezing and thawing is a physical factor,
b) Erosion whereas the remaining all are structural.
c) Weathering
d) Unevenness 7. The road roughness is measured by
View Answer a) Bump integrator
b) Laser profile
Answer: a c) Both bump integrator and laser
Explanation: The embankment and earth slopes particularly d) Overlay vehicle
during rainfall get heavily damaged due to the formation of View Answer
cuts.
Answer: c
2. The erosion between shoulder and pavement leads to. Explanation: The road roughness can be measured by both
a) Drop bump integrator and laser, bump integrator is widely used
b) Break down whereas laser is used in advanced countries.
c) Edge drop
8. The uniform speed of bump integrator is . d) Decrease of material
a) 10 Kmph View Answer
b) 15 Kmph
c) 25 Kmph Answer: a
d) 30 Kmph Explanation: The cracks or any defects may lead to the heavy
View Answer damage if not noticed and cause more repair cost than initial
cost.
Answer: d
Explanation: The uniform speed of the bump integrator is 30 4. The inadequate compaction of sub grade may lead to
Kmph, considered to measure the unevenness. distress in.
a) Flexible pavements
9. The pavement rating of 3 is regarded as. b) Rigid pavements
a) Poor c) Both flexible and rigid
b) Good d) WBM roads
c) Very good View Answer
d) Excellent
View Answer Answer: c
Explanation: The flexible and rigid pavement are laid on the
Answer: b soil subgrade so they are affected by distress.
Explanation: The rating of the pavement is considered from 0
to 5, as very poor, poor, good, very good and excellent. 5. Which of the following is a cause of distress in rigid
pavement only?
10. The pavement surface value needing immediate attention a) Inadequate compaction
is. b) Inadequate drainage
a) 1.5 c) Dowel bars
b) 2.0 d) Defect in materials
c) 2.5 View Answer
d) 3.0
View Answer Answer: c
Explanation: The dowel bars are the only materials used in
Answer: c the concrete roads and the remaining defects are found in the
Explanation: The pavement surface index value needing flexible pavement also.
immediate attention is 2.5, if not taken any immediate action
then pavement may fail. 6. The maintenance operations do not involve.
a) Survey work
Deterioration and Damages in Road Infrastructure b) Assessment of road condition
c) Diagnosis
1. The damage can be caused to a well designed pavement in d) Adopting the most appropriate steps
a hot region is by. View Answer
a) Rain
b) Heat Answer: a
c) Snow Explanation: The survey work is a factor, which is considered
d) Traffic before the construction, the remaining steps are done before
View Answer the construction.
Answer: a Answer: a
Explanation: The rational formula is given by Q=CiA where, Q Explanation: The partially filled culverts and side drains are
is the run off, C is the run off coefficient and A is the area of designed on the basis of the open channel flow.
the drainage.
2. The continuity equation is given by
7. The value of C is taken as ____ for bitumen pavements. a) Q=KiA
a) 1 b) Q=AV
b) 2 c) Q=A/V
c) 0.9 d) Q=AV2
d) 0.95 View Answer
View Answer
Answer: The continuity equation is given by Q=AV, where A is
Answer: c the area and v is the allowable velocity.
Explanation: The run off coefficient may be taken as 0.9 for
bitumen and CC pavements, as in these pavements water is 3. The desirable velocity for sand and silt are
drained off very easily. a) 0.2m/second
b) 0.5 m/second
8. The minimum velocity required in drainage to maintain flow c) 0.7 m/second
is. d) 0.9 m/second
a) Self cleaning velocity View Answer
b) Sewage velocity
c) Gradient velocity Answer: b
d) Maximum velocity Explanation: The desirable velocity for the silt and sand is 0.3
View Answer to 0.5 m/second.
Answer: c 10. The time of flow in minutes for a longitudinal drain of 400
Explanation: Q=AV m and with a velocity of 0.8 m/sec is
Q=100*5 a) 6.33
Q=500 m3/sec. b) 7.33
c) 8.33
5. The roughness coefficient is assumed in d) 9.33
a) Chezys formula View Answer
b) Manning’s formula
c) Heigen poiuselles equation Answer: c
d) Continuity equation Explanation: The time of flow=L/V
View Answer T=400/(0.8*60)
T=8.33 mins.
Answer: b
Explanation: The roughness coefficient is a constant for Sub Surface Drainage
different types of materials, and it is assumed in Manning’s
formula. 1.In slab culverts RCC slab is placed over abudment of.
a) Masonry
6. The hydraulic radius is given by b) Pre stressed
a) A/P c) Steel
b) P/A d) Composite
c) PA View Answer
d) A+P
View Answer Answer: a
Explanation: Generally the RCC slab is placed over abudment
Answer: a made of masonry only, because other materials are costly.
Explanation: The hydraulic radius is the ratio of wetted area
and wetted perimeter. 2. The span of RCC slab is limited to.
a) 1 m
7. The maximum value of Manning’s coefficient for soil with b) 1.5 m
heavy vegetation is c) 2.0 m
a) 0.1 d) 3.0 m
b) 0.2 View Answer
c) 0.3
d) 0.4 Answer: d
View Answer Explanation: The span of the RCC slab is usually limited to 3
m as it may have maintenance problems.
Answer: a
Explanation: The maximum value of the Manning’s coefficient 3. The minimum diameter used in pipe culverts is.
for the soil with heavy vegetation is 0.1. a) 25 cm
b) 35 cm
8. The total time for inlet flow and flow along the drain is given c) 45 cm
by d) 75 cm
a) T1+T2 View Answer
b) T1T2
c) T1/T2 Answer: d
d) T1-T2 Explanation: The minimum diameter of the pipe culverts used
View Answer is 75 cm made of steel or RCC, usually RCC is only used as
steel corrodes.
Answer: a
Explanation: The total time duration of the inlet flow and flow 4. The GWT should be at a distance of ___ from ground level.
of the drainage is the sum of both the times. a) 0.5 m
b) 0.6 m
9. If the depth of a trapezoidal section is 0.50 m and free c) 1.2 m
board is 0.15 m , then the total depth is d) 5.0 m
a) 0.35 m View Answer
b) 0.65 m
c) 0.50 m Answer: c
d) 0.15 m Explanation: The preferred distance from the ground level is
View Answer 1.2m, however it is not a problem where ground water table is
very low.
5. The total interruption to traffic in a year should not exceed. Answer: b
a) 45 days Explanation: The vegetation is provided on the embankment
b) 40 days as they can absorb the water during heavy rain, and the loss
c) 30 days is termed as transpiration.
d) 15 days
View Answer Hill Roads
Answer: d 1. The roads passing through hilly terrain and leading to the
Explanation: The interruption should be kept as low as villages and towns near hills are called
possible, if unavoidable then we must provide it for 15 days. a) National highway
b) State highway
6. The clay seal may be provided if seepage zone is at a c) Hill road
depth of less than. d) Village road
a) 1.2 m View Answer
b) 1.0 m
c) 0.9 m Answer: c
d) 0.6m to 0.9 m Explanation: The roads which pass through hilly terrain and
View Answer leading to the villages on hills are called as hill roads.
Answer: b 3. The application that is not useful for hill survey is.
Explanation: The most common feature in the hill road is hair a) Aerial survey
pin bend, it is provided due to zigzag roads. b) Photogrammetry
c) GPS
8. The hill roads are classified into how many types? d) StaadPro
a) One View Answer
b) Two
c) Three Answer: d
d) Five Explanation: StaadPro is a software that is used for the
View Answer calculation of structural design and other structural functions,
whereas the remaining three are useful before the
Answer: d construction and StaadPro is useful for pavement design.
Explanation: The hill roads also are classified as national
highway, state highway, village roads, major district roads and 4. The total resistance length of a road is .
other district roads. a) Effective length
b) Effective length after friction
9. The road development in borders is taken care by c) Effective length after skid
a) BRO d) Effective length after all resistance
b) IRC View Answer
c) NHAI
d) DRDO Answer: d
View Answer Explanation: Resisting length of a road is given by effective
length after taking into account all the resistances including
Answer: a skid, friction and overturning.
Explanation: BRO is Border Roads Organisation which was
set up by Indian government in 1960. 5. The total resisting length increases due to.
a) Increase in friction
10. The class division for 3 tonne vehicle is named as ____ by b) Decrease in friction
Border Roads Organisation c) Increase in pavement thickness
a) National highway d) Decrease in pavement thickness
b) Class 9 View Answer
c) Class 5
d) Class 3 Answer: a
View Answer Explanation: The total resisting length increases with the
increase in friction, as it is mostly dependent on the friction,
Answer: b pavement thickness is for smooth travel.
Explanation: The class division for a 3 tonne vehicle is named
as class 6, whereas for 1 tonne vehicle and jeep it is class 5 6. The ruling gradient in trace cut is.
and class 3 respectively. a) 1 in 10
b) 1 in 25
Alignment of Hill Roads – 1 c) 1 in 20
d) 1 in 30
1.In a hill road, the best alignment when the sum of ascent View Answer
and descent between extreme points is.
a) Maximum Answer: c
b) Minimum Explanation: The trace cut is done at a ruling gradient of 1 in
c) Maximum+minimum
25, and when it’s complete we have a ruling gradient of 1 in 2. The general route for alignment is selected during.
20, 1 in 30 may provide a gradient of 1 in 25. a) Reconnaissance
b) Trace cut
7. The minimum width of the trace cut provided is. c) Detailed survey
a) 1.0 m d) Detailed project report
b) 1.5 m View Answer
c) 2.0 m
d) 2.5 m Answer: a
View Answer Explanation: The general route for the alignment is selected
during the reconnaissance survey and after any problem is
Answer: a found it is modified later.
Explanation: The trace cut is a narrow track of width 1.0 m to
1.2 m made along the alignment of hill road to enable 3. The bench marks are fixed during the.
inspection, if more width is provided then it may cause a) Preliminary survey
obstruction. b) Reconnaissance
c) Detailed survey
8. Degree of stability of hill side slope don’t depend on. d) After detailed project report
a) Type of rock View Answer
b) Dip
c) Ground water Answer: c
d) Type of pavement Explanation: The bench marks are fixed and longitudinal and
View Answer cross section are obtained during the detailed survey.
Answer: b 6. The ISD value of the hill road with a speed of 50 Kmph is.
Explanation: The minimum right of way width for a 2 lane a) 50m
national highway is 24 m in normal cases and 18 m in b) 100m
exceptional cases, if illegally occupied then they may be up to c) 60m
45 m. d) 120m
View Answer
Geometrics of Hill Roads
Answer: d
1. The minimum design speed on major district road of hill is. Explanation: The ISD value is twice the value of the SSD, but
a) 30 Kmph after 40kmph it increases slightly, so it is considered as 120m.
b) 40 Kmph
c) 50 Kmph 7. The minimum super elevation is.
d) 20 Kmph a) 7%
View Answer b) 10%
c) Camber
Answer: a d) Longitudinal slope
Explanation: The minimum design speed is 30 Kmph, View Answer
maximum is 40 and for steep terrain it is 20 and maximum on
highway is 50 Kmph. Answer: c
Explanation: The maximum super elevation is 7%, on hills it is
2. The width of a pavement of 2 lane national highway is. 10%, and for drainage it is considered as camber or cross
a) 7.0 m slope.
b) 3.75 m
c) 8.80 m 8. On which road the maximum radius is provided?
d) 3.00 m a) National highway
View Answer b) MDR
c) ODR
Answer: a d) VR
Explanation: The width of a pavement of a two lane national View Answer
highway is 7.0 m, for single lane it is 3.75 m and including
parapet it is 8.8 m. Answer: a
Explanation: National highway and state highway have the
3. The minimum setback is. same value of 80m, whereas 50,30 and 20 are provided on
a) 0.4 m the MDR, ODR and VR respectively.
b) 0.2 m
c) 3.0 m 9. The maximum gradient compensation for a radius of 150 m
d) 5.0 m is.
View Answer a) 1
b) 2
Answer: c c) 3
Explanation: Desirable setback is 5.0m, whereas minimum is d) 4
3.0m, near rocks it may be reduced by 0.4m and 0.2 m in View Answer
other cases.
Answer: b
4. The camber for high bitumen road is. Explanation: Maximum gradient compensation=75/R
a) 1.7 =75/150
b) 2.0 =2%.
c) 2.5
d) 3.0 10. The length of valley curve depends on.
View Answer a) Speed limit
b) deviation angle
Answer: a c) Centrifugal acceleration
Explanation: The camber for high type bitumen is 1.7 to 2.5 d) Speed limit and deviation angle
and for thin it is 2.0 to 2.5, for gravel it is 2.5 to 3.0%. View Answer
Answer: d Answer: c
Explanation: The length of the valley curve is dependent both Explanation: The best type of material for the retaining wall is
on speed limit and deviation angle, for a speed limit of 50 stone masonry as it permits the drainage to drain off easily.
Kmph and deviation angle of 1.0 the length of the curve is
100m, for the speed of 30 Kmph and deviation of 0.08, length 6. The general minimum width adopted for the retaining wall
is 30m. is.
a) 0.3 m
Construction of Hill Roads b) 0.45 m
c) 0.6 m
1. The number of steps involved in the construction of hill d) 0.9 m
roads are. View Answer
a) One
b) Two Answer: b
c) Three Explanation: The minimum width of the retaining wall adopted
d) Four is 0.45 m, and as a thumb rule we use 0.5h to obtain the width
View Answer of the retaining wall, but never less than 0.45 m.
Answer: a Answer: b
Explanation: The EIA denotes the environmental impact Explanation: The right of way for a national highway should be
assessment, in which the road side development is assessed wide enough and it should be available for further expansion,
based on the impact by using environment studies and flat slopes with camber and smooth alignment and trees for
environmental assessment. plantation are the best alignment.
2. The pressing problems on the existing highway are. 7. The planting of trees along road side is called.
a) Encroachment a) Arboriculture
b) Ribbon development b) Geometry design
c) Both encroachment and ribbon development c) Green belt
d) Traffic d) Garden
View Answer View Answer
Answer: c Answer: a
Explanation: Illegal encroachment and ribbon development Explanation: The planting of the trees along the road side is
are most common particularly in the rural areas, it’s very called as arboriculture, in few cities like Visakhapatnam,
difficult in encroached areas for the development. Andhra Pradesh a green belt is maintained and garden is also
provided but the planting of trees is called arboriculture.
3. The number of factors to be considered during the road
side development studies are. 8. The trees in urban areas are provided for.
a) Three a) Beauty and landscape
b) Four b) For fruits
c) Five c) To provide shade
d) Six d) To provide a cool weather
View Answer View Answer
Answer: d Answer: a
Explanation: The factors include highway factors, highway Explanation: In urban areas most of the trees can’t provide
traffic operation factors, maintenance aspects, road user shade due to the place restriction, but most of them provide
amenities, road side plantation and general amenities. beauty, shade can’t be expected till 20 years and fruits are not
edible in a polluted zone.
4. The cross drainage structure of a highway is considered in
which aspect? 9. The desirable distance for a tree from the carriage way is.
a) Highway factors a) 1.0 m
b) Highway traffic factors b) 1.5 m
c) Maintenance aspects c) 2.0 m
d) Road user amenities d) 2.5 m
View Answer View Answer
Answer: a Answer: d
Explanation: The cross drainage structure is considered in the Explanation: The minimum desirable distance from the edge
highway factors which includes the geometry and drainage of the pavement is 2.5m and 12m from the centre of the
works, highway traffic and road users are also benefitted by pavement.
the drainage system.
10. The number of trees required for 1 km of length in nursery
5. The compensation for loss of land in agricultural areas are.
should be paid. a) 100
a) During the planning stage b) 150
b) Before construction of highway c) 180
c) After completion of the highway d) 270
d) Not required View Answer
View Answer
Answer: d
Answer: b Explanation: The minimum number of the trees required in the
Explanation: As farmers have only agricultural land for their new avenue of a nursery for one kilometre length are 270 in
living, the compensation should be paid well before the new avenue and 150 in old, 100 and 150 in new and old sites
construction of the highway project. respectively.
6. The point that should not be considered for a better Highway Costs
highway is.
a) Smooth alignment 1. The improvement in highway leads to the following.
b) Small right of way a) Increase in vehicle operation cost
c) Flat slopes b) Decreased comfort to passenger
c) Reduction in accident rate 6. The cost of the vehicle operation and time for unit distance
d) Difficulty in driving may be represented by.
View Answer a) T=a+b+c
b) T=a+ (b+c)/speed
Answer: c c) T=a+b
Explanation: The improvement in highway leads to reduction d) T=a
in the vehicle operation cost, saving time, reduction in View Answer
accident rate and increased comfort of passengers.
Answer: b
2. Several highway are implemented by. Explanation: ‘a’ is the running cost per unit distance, ‘b’ is a
a) Government fixed hourly cost and ‘c’ is the portion of cost depending on
b) Private speed.
c) Public private partnership
d) Depends on the requirement 7. The rate of fuel consumption for every motor cycle will be
View Answer at.
a) Low speed
Answer: c b) High speed
Explanation: Most of the highway are constructed by private c) Optimum speed
companies and maintained by government, some may be d) Zero speed
government, some may be private but most are public private View Answer
partnership.
Answer: c
3. The improvement benefits of roads don’t include which Explanation: The optimum speed is a speed limit in which
type? neither the bike is going fast nor slow, it usually is between
a) Improvement in city 30-45 Kmph for bikes.
b) Improvement in a district
c) Improvement in a state 8. The unevenness index in terms of international roughness
d) Improvement in between two countries index is given by.
View Answer a) UI=IRI
b) UI=IRI/2
Answer: d c) UI=IRI/3
Explanation: The improvement may never take place between d) UI=(IRI)1.12
two countries as it is a concern regarding security, the View Answer
Improvement takes place in city, district state and country.
Answer: d
4. The benefits due to the road improvement are classified Explanation: The UI is the unevenness index and IRI is the
into how many types? international roughness index, UI is in mm/km and IRI is in
a) One m/km.
b) Two
c) Three 9. As the unevenness index increases there is no substantial
d) Four increase in.
View Answer a) Fuel consumption
b) Wear and rear of tyres
Answer: b c) Vehicle maintenance cost
Explanation: The benefits are classified into two types namely d) Increase of speed
tangible and intangible benefits, tangible are which can be View Answer
measured and intangible are related to social aspects.
Answer: d
5. The social facilities like medical services, educational and Explanation: As there is an increase in the unevenness index,
recreation facilities are classified as. there is no substantial increase in speed, instead it
a) Tangible benefits decreases.
b) Intangible benefits
c) Both 10. The maximum life span assumed for the highway is.
d) None a) 70 years
View Answer b) 80 years
c) 90 years
Answer: b d) 100 years
Explanation: All these are related to social aspects as they are View Answer
not tangible.
Answer: d
Explanation: The life span for the right of way is assumed
between 75 to 100 years, and the maximum life span
assumed is 100, it may also be 70,80 and 90 depending on
the pavement design.
Highway Finance
1. The average annual highway cost for a road system may d) Floating car
be summed up by. View Answer
a) Ca=H+T+M+Cr
b) Ca=H+T+M-Cr Answer: d
c) Ca=H+T Explanation: The floating car method is a method which is
d) Ca=H used for the estimation of the traffic, whereas the remaining
View Answer are methods of analysis of the cost.
4. If the principal is P and rate of interest is i and it has to be 9. The national highway act was ammended in.
paid in n years then, the sum S is given by. a) April 1956
a) P(1+i) b) June 1995
b) P(1-i) c) July 1956
c) P/I d) August 1995
d) P(1+i)n View Answer
View Answer
Answer: b
Answer: d Explanation: The national highway act 1956, was amended in
Explanation: The compound interest is calculated for every June 1995, it was actually planned in April 1956.
year and it’s leived on the preceding interest.
10. As on April 2009, how many projects have been
5. The first step in economic analysis is. completed on BOT basis?
a) Determine the AADT a) 5
b) Estimate growth rate b) 42
c) Assessment of traffic route c) 25
d) Estimate additional traffic d) 9
View Answer View Answer
Answer: a Answer: d
Explanation: The average annual daily traffic is required for Explanation: As on April 2009, twenty five projects have been
the completion of the remaining steps. sanctioned and nine projects were completed by April 2009
and in other proposals 42 projects were remaining in which 5
6. The method not used in economic analysis is. are completed.
a) Annual cost
b) Rate of return
c) Benefit cost ratio