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For high volume mass or continuous production a line Layout is preferable. The equipments are laid out according to the
sequence of operations that must be performed on the raw material to convert it into the finished product. The
sequence of equipments and sequence of the stages through which the raw material progresses from the raw material
stage to the finished product stage correspond to each other. Such a Line Layout is preferred in most of the assembling
operations where a number of components have to be put together to produce the final product. This is called Line
Assembling.
Productivity Planning in Mass Production System: Assembly Line resembles to a moving conveyor passing through a
series of work stations. The time used at each work station for its operation is not equal. If one operation takes 10
minutes and the other operation, in same line, takes 5 minutes then the rate of production will be one unit per 10
minutes. One work station will be ideal for 5 minutes. The main problem before assembly line layout is to reduce these
ideal‐times or to have equality of output at each working station as possible. The equalizing of the output rate at
different work stations is termed as ‘balancing’.
Grouping Tasks : The time problem discussed above is worked out by grouping tasks. The balancing of line means to
group the various elemental tasks involved in production into different work stations in such a way as to have more or
less equal working time at each of the work station. It is done by sharing the work to the station which is taking less
time(5 minutes) or by increasing the number of operators on the workstation taking more time(10 minutes)
Estimating Time for Tasks : It involves gathering of information on the number of tasks involved and the time required
for each of these tasks
Sequencing Relationship between Tasks : The basic data require for line balancing are as under:
1. A list of all the tasks
2. Time required for each of the task
3. Technological sequencing requirements between different tasks
Assembly Line Balancing – Example : The assembly line for a children’s tricycle has the following work elements
identified and sequences indicated:
Work Element Description of work Immediate Predecessor of Work
A Drill and make hole for fixing wheel on handle bar Nil
B Drill and make hole for fixing rear wheels on the frame Nil
C Fix seat support system B
D Fix handle bar to seat support system A,C
E Fix plastic seats D
F Fit plastic back‐rest D
G Mount Front Wheel E,F
H Mount Rear Wheel E,F
I Install rubber mounting on the pipe G,H
J Install bell on the handle I