Area

Utilities Cooling Tower

Cooling Tower Equations
Tower Makeup = Evaporation + Windage/drift+ Cooling Tower blow down
Makeup * Xm = Evaporation * 0+ Windage * Xb+ Blow down * Xb
Blow down = (Windage* (Xb/Xm-1)-Evaporation)/(1-Xb/Xm)
Value Units Value Units

After Water Treatment

Present Upgrade
Windage
Tower Recirculation 9,900 gpm 9,900 gpm
Windage Rate 0.1% % 0.1% %
Windage 14,256 gpd 14,256 gpd

Evaporation
Delta T 8 F 8 F
Evaporation 114,048 gpd 114,048 gpd
#
Blow down
Cycles of Concentration 4 number 8 number
Blowdown 23,760 gpd 2,037 gpd

Cooling Tower Makeup 152,064 gpd 130,341 gpd

Boiler
Steam Generation 20,000 lbs/hour 20,000 lbs/hour
Boiler Makeup 13,300 lbs/hour 38,273 gpd 11,000 lbs/hour
Returned Condensate 10,000 lbs/hour 10,000 lbs/hour
Blowdown @ 4 cycles 3,325 lbs/hour 9,568 gpd 1,000 gpd

Cooling Tower & Boiler Inputs & Outputs

Cooling Tower Makeup + Boiler Makeup 190,337 gpd 161,995 gpd
Water Treatment Wastewaters 9,517 gpd 1,000 gpd
Total Inputs into Utilities 199,854 gpd 162,995 gpd

Evaporation 157,081 gpd 157,081 gpd

Utilites Wastewater 42,845 gpd 4,037 gpd

Sanitary 1200 people time 25 gallons/person/shift 30,000 gpd 30,000 gpd

Count number of heads per zone multiply by rated

capacity multiply by sprinkling time. Sum the flows for
Irrigation all zones 29,000 gpd 29,000 gpd
Estimated leaks based upon engineering judgment 5,000 gpd 0 gpd
34,000 gpd 29,000 gpd
Water Reduction
 Water
Reduction
(gpd)

36,859

5,000
36,859