Late Edition
Today, periodic sunshine, showers
VOL. CLXIX . . . . No. 58,734
Mourning a Man, and Lifting Up a Symbol
Tomika Miller, the widow of Rayshard Brooks, held their 2-year-old daughter, Memory, at his funeral Tuesday in Atlanta. Page A13.
‘It Was My Only Wish’: Muslims A Shortened Baseball Season,
Share Grief as Hajj Is Canceled In Trouble Before It Even Starts
By BEN HUBBARD and DECLAN WALSH
BEIRUT, Lebanon — For much
of his life, Abdul-Halim al-Akoum
stashed away cash in hopes of one
day traveling from his Lebanese
mountain village to perform the
hajj, the pilgrimage to Mecca that
all Muslims who can are obliged to
make once in their lives.
He was all set to go this year un-
til the coronavirus pandemic
forced Saudi Arabia to effectively
cancel the hajj for what some
scholars say may be the first time
in history.
“It is the dream of every Mus-
lim believer to visit Mecca and do
the hajj,” said Mr. al-Akoum, 61, a
village official. “But the pandemic
came with no warning and took
away that dream.”
The Saudi announcement sent
shock waves of sadness and dis-
appointment across the Muslim
Six Feet, One Vote
Voters on Tuesday in Brooklyn. Three states may need days to tally absentee ballots. Page A21.
Biden’s War Chest Swells Along With the Polls
By SHANE GOLDMACHER
About six weeks ago, the Demo-
cratic National Committee no-
ticed a strange pattern: unsolicit-
ed $1,200 donations were showing
up online, an unusually large
amount to arrive unexpectedly.
First 20 donations, then 40, then
80. Tom Perez, the party chair-
man, asked his team to investi-
gate. It turns out, some people had
INTERNATIONAL A10-12
Ethnic Strife in Burkina Faso
Terrorists, vigilantes and government
soldiers are all preying upon civilians,
sowing fear and suspicion. PAGE A10
Suicide Bombing in Somalia
Officials said two people were killed in
the attack at Turkey’s largest overseas
military base. PAGE A12
© 2020 The New York Times Company
world, upending the plans of mil-
lions of believers to make a trip
that many look forward to their
whole lives and which, for many,
marks a profound spiritual awak-
ening.
A 72-year-old retired port
worker in Pakistan will stay home,
despite his six children having
pooled their money to finance his
trip. A mother in Kenya will forgo
visiting sites she has long
dreamed of seeing. An Egyptian
school administrator named
Zeinab Ibrahim burst into tears.
“It was my only wish,” Ms.
Ibrahim said. “To cancel it com-
pletely is such a shame. May God
relieve us of this burden.”
Performing the pilgrimage at
least once for those who are physi-
cally and financially able is one of
Continued on Page A7
Trump Is Outraised for
First Time in May
decided to essentially forward
their government stimulus checks
to help Joseph R. Biden Jr. defeat
President Trump.
Those gifts were part of an out-
pouring of cash that has allowed
NATIONAL A13-21
Ex-Stone Prosecutor to Testify
Aaron S. J. Zelinsky, a former prosecu-
tor, is set to testify about how partisan
politics are affecting decision-making at
the Justice Department.
TRACKING AN OUTBREAK A4-9
Swift Spread in Latin America
Inequality and weak health care sys-
tems have undermined governments’
efforts to fight the pandemic. PAGE A5
Persuading Students to Stay
With many colleges shut, West Virginia
University sees a chance to keep young
people from leaving the state. PAGE A8
NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
By JAMES WAG
Summer is normally the do-
main of baseball, and weeks ago
there was talk of the sport trium-
phantly returning on July 4.
But instead of a symbolic re-
planting of the flag on the sports
landscape after a coronavirus hia-
tus, Major League Baseball on
Tuesday settled for a severely
abridged, 60-game season start-
ing in late July.
But that plan came only after
protracted posturing by team
owners and the players’ union
threatened to derail the season
and damage the reputation of a
sport wrestling with declining at-
tendance and bruises left by one
of the worst cheating scandals in
the sport’s history.
“The virus has hurt a vast num-
ber of people, companies and in-
AMR ALFIKY/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Mr. Biden to sharply cut into the
enormous financial advantage
that Mr. Trump and the Republi-
can National Committee built in
the lead-up to 2020, shaving tens
of millions of dollars off what had
been a $187 million edge entering
April.
Since the beginning of March,
Mr. Biden and the D.N.C. have
banked more than $100 million.
And in May, for the first time, Mr.
Continued on Page A20
PAGE A19
BUSINESS B1-7
Extra Sharp Turns for Cheese
Shifts in pandemic demand have
wreaked havoc on pricing in a market
that is rarely so volatile.
Twitter Chief Irks Small Firms
Some businesses say Square, the C.E.O.’s
pay service, holds back up to 30 percent
of their clients’ payments.
POOL PHOTO BY CURTIS COMPTON
stitutions,” said Marc Ganis, a pro-
fessional sports consultant. “Was
baseball hurt more than it other-
wise needed to be? The answer is
absolutely yes.”
Much of that pain was self-in-
flicted, the result of a frayed rela-
tionship between the league’s 30
team owners and the players’ un-
ion.
Talks between the two sides
about when and how to restart the
season broke down repeatedly af-
ter they began in March. At the
heart of the disagreement was
how much players would be paid
in a shortened season: The union
was willing to accept prorated pay
for fewer games, but balked at fur-
ther cuts when it became clear
that games would be played in
Continued on Page A17
An Officer Fired, Then Hired Again and Again
By RUKMINI CALLIMACHI
WOODLYNNE, N.J. — He left
one department after failing to
meet its standards. At another, he
racked up disciplinary infractions.
He was fired from a third, yet suc-
ceeded in getting hired at another.
By the time the officer, Ryan
Dubiel, 31, began patrolling the
streets of this small town last year,
he was at his ninth police depart-
ment, and had a history of trou-
bling social media posts and a pat-
tern of arrests that resulted in the
injury of the suspect. He suc-
ceeded in getting hired in part be-
cause New Jersey remains one of
only five states that cannot revoke
a police officer’s accreditation
over misconduct. It also has no
central database tracking police
malfeasance and, until recently,
had stringent rules preventing the
disclosure of disciplinary records
between agencies.
This month, the white officer
was charged with assault for pep-
per-spraying a group of black
youths after a complaint that they
were loitering, but only after cell-
phone footage captured by one of
them was uploaded to YouTube. A
look back over the young officer’s
career; a review of police records;
and interviews with more than a
dozen law enforcement officials,
witnesses and community leaders
ARTS C1-8
Trying Out Some New Moves
Silas Farley is leaving New York City
Ballet and working to expand his im-
pact in the world of dance. His goal?
“To become a leader in a really substan-
tive way in the art form.”
SPORTSWEDNESDAY B8-11
Djokovic Has Virus, and Regret
After a number of people, including his
PAGE B1 wife, were infected, the world’s No. 1
player said he was sorry for organizing
a tennis exhibition.
EDITORIAL, OP-ED A22-23
PAGE B1 Jamelle Bouie
As E.U. Opens, EXPERTS SKETCH
It Aims to Keep GLOOMY PICTURE
Americans Out
Repudiation of Trump’s
Pandemic Blunders CALL FOR MORE TESTING
By MATINA GRIDNEFF
BRUSSELS — European Union
countries rushing to revive their
economies and reopen their bor-
ders after months of coronavirus
restrictions are prepared to block
Americans from entering because
the United States has failed to con-
trol the scourge, according to draft
lists of acceptable travelers re-
viewed by The New York Times.
That prospect, which would
lump American visitors in with
Russians and Brazilians as unwel-
come, is a stinging blow to Ameri-
can prestige in the world and a re-
pudiation of President Trump’s
handling of the virus in the United
States, which has more than 2.3
million cases and upward of
120,000 deaths, more than any
other country.
European nations are currently
haggling over two potential lists of
acceptable visitors based on how
countries are faring with the coro-
navirus pandemic. Both lists in-
clude China, as well as developing
nations like Uganda, Cuba and
Vietnam. Both also exclude the
United States and other countries
that were deemed too risky be-
cause of the spread of the virus.
Travelers from the United
States and the rest of the world al-
ready had been excluded from vis-
iting the European Union — with
few exceptions mostly for repatri-
ations or “essential travel” —
since mid-March. But a final deci-
sion on reopening the borders is
expected early next week, before
the bloc reopens on July 1.
A prohibition of Americans by
Brussels partly reflects the shift-
ing pattern of the pandemic. In
March, when Europe was the epi-
center, Mr. Trump infuriated Eu-
ropean leaders when he banned
citizens from most European Un-
ion countries from traveling to
America. Mr. Trump justified the
move as necessary to protect the
United States, which at the time
had roughly 1,100 coronavirus
cases and 38 deaths.
In late May and early June, Mr.
Trump said Europe was “making
progress” and hinted that some
restrictions would be lifted soon,
but nothing has happened since
then. Today, Europe has largely
curbed the outbreak, even as the
United States, the worst-afflicted,
Continued on Page A6
RYAN CHRISTOPHER JONES FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
A protester in Woodlynne, N.J., pushed to oust Officer Ryan Du-
biel, who is now charged with assaulting a group of black youths.
indicate that he had a history of in-
teractions that policing experts
say should have raised red flags.
New Jersey’s attorney general,
Gurbir S. Grewal, said Officer Du-
biel’s path was a sign of a broken
system and “a strong example of
why we need a statewide licensing
program for police officers.” Un-
like 45 other states, New Jersey
does not grant police officers a li-
cense that can be revoked for mis-
conduct.
PAGE C1
FOOD D1-8
Salmon Season in a Pandemic
Christopher Nicolson, above, travels to
Alaska each summer to net the fish that
help support his family. This year he
faces some tough choices.
PAGE B9
U(D54G1D)y+$!]!%!?!"
PAGE A22
or heavy thunderstorms, high 88.
Tonight, cloudy, low 72. Tomorrow,
sunny, thunderstorms in areas, high
85. Weather map is on Page B10.
$3.00
OF VIRUS SPREAD
Fauci Tells of ‘Disturbing’
Wave, With a Vaccine
Months Away
By SHERYL GAY STOLBERG
and NOAH WEILAND
WASHINGTON — Dr. Anthony
S. Fauci told Congress on Tuesday
that he was seeing a “disturbing
surge” of infections in some parts
of the country, as Americans ig-
nore social distancing guidelines
and states reopen without ade-
quate plans for testing and tracing
the contacts of those who get sick.
Dr. Fauci’s assessment, deliv-
ered during a lengthy hearing be-
fore the House Energy and Com-
merce Committee, painted a much
grimmer picture of the coro-
navirus threat than the one given
by President Trump, who claimed
last week that the virus that had
infected more than two million
Americans and killed more than
121,000 would just “fade away.”
“The virus is not going to disap-
pear,” said Dr. Fauci, the nation’s
top infectious disease expert, who
testified that the virus was not yet
under control in the United States.
His testimony came as more
than half of the country was see-
ing an uptick in cases, with offi-
cials in some states slowing their
return-to-work plans or even im-
posing new restrictions. Dr. Fauci
and three other leaders of the gov-
ernment’s coronavirus response
who testified on Tuesday cast a
cloud over the sunny accounts of-
fered by the president as he has
portrayed the United States as a
nation bouncing back from the
brink.
“I am very cautious and I don’t
— still don’t sleep well at night,”
said Adm. Brett P. Giroir, the as-
sistant secretary for public health,
“because we have a long way to
go.”
More than three months after
Mr. Trump declared an emer-
gency because of the virus, Dr.
Fauci said the picture was a
Continued on Page A9
ROLLBACK Some states are delay-
ing or reversing plans to reopen
as virus cases soar. PAGE A9
“Just as we license doctors,
nurses and lawyers,” Mr. Grewal
said, “we must ensure that all offi-
cers meet baseline standards of
professionalism, and that officers
who fail to meet those standards
cannot be passed from one police
department to another.”
In jumping from job to job, Offi-
cer Dubiel benefited from rules
pushed by powerful police unions
that until recently made it difficult
Continued on Page A15
PAGE D7
A2 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
A. G. SULZBERGER
Publisher
Founded in 1851
ADOLPH S. OCHS
Publisher 1896-1935
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
Publisher 1935-1961
ORVIL E. DRYFOOS
Publisher 1961-1963
ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER
Publisher 1963-1992
ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER JR.
Publisher 1992-2017
Inside The Times
Give the gift they’ll THE STORY BEHIND THE STORY
open every day.
Gift subscriptions to The New York Times.
Visit nytimes.com/gift or call 855-698-5273.
President Trump with military leaders in 2019. A lack of color in the top ranks remains an issue.
A Losing Battle in the Military
By HELENE COOPER
I’ve covered the Pentagon for The Times
for six years. And for six years, most of the
top brass I’ve interviewed have been white
men.
Don’t get me wrong, that is often the
case when you cover a government agency
in Washington. But in an institution that is
43 percent minority, where Army bases
and Defense Department hallways and
aircraft carriers teem with people of every
conceivable color under the American sun,
the monochrome at the top stands out.
So I set out, over a year, to find out why
one of the most diverse institutions in the
country was having so much trouble get-
ting minorities into its top ranks. In my
article last month, all of the reasons I was
given for why all but three of the 41 mili-
tary four-star officers were white and male
seemed perfectly reasonable, which is why
I wondered whether the latest steps an-
nounced by the Pentagon last week to
address the problem will truly dig deep.
Minorities kept specializing in logistics,
when the military draws its stars from
combat postings. African-American moth-
ers didn’t want their sons to go into com-
bat. All the well-qualified black colonels
had better options from corporate Amer-
ica. The problem couldn’t be fixed
overnight; it would take 35 years. The
Marines had only a handful of four-star
positions anyway, so competition for one of
those was really fierce.
Then I started talking to the lieutenant
colonels and the colonels, even some of the
one-star generals. They all had career
paths that hit a cement ceiling. The many
people of color on aircraft carriers and on
military bases and even in fighter planes
had a wealth of stories to tell.
There was the African-American Marine
fighter pilot who didn’t get his own squad-
ron because his white commanding officer
blamed him for an aircraft crash — even
though it was the commanding officer who
was on duty at the time of the mishap,
overseeing the flight. The fighter pilot
The joys.
wasn’t even on the carrier. He was tending
to other matters on shore when the inci-
dent took place.
The tribulations.
There was the African-American Green
Beret who read Colin Powell’s autobiogra-
The twists.
On This Day in History
A MEMORABLE HEADLINE FROM THE NEW YORK TIMES
POST AND GATTY FAR OUT AT SEA
ON WORLD FLIGHT
June 24, 1931. The pilot Wiley Post and his navigator Harold Gatty had taken off from
Long Island’s Roosevelt Field in a Lockheed Vega 5B monoplane the day before on their
round-the-world flight. Their mission: to break the Graf Zeppelin’s 1929 record of 21 days,
7 hours and 34 minutes. They would crush it, completing the feat in just under 8 days and
16 hours. Two years later, Post would break his own record during a solo flight.
Subscribers can browse the complete Times archives through 2002 at timesmachine.nytimes.com.
Modern Love
THE NEW YORK TIMES COMPANY 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10018-1405
Read, watch and listen to the stories. The New York Times (ISSN 0362-4331) is published
daily. Periodicals postage paid at New York, N.Y., and
nytimes.com/modernlove at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send ad-
dress changes to The New York Times, P.O. Box 8042,
Davenport, IA, 52808-8042.
Mail Subscription Rates* 1 Yr. 6 Mos.
Daily and Sunday .......................$1040.00 $520.00
Monday-Saturday ........................ 936.00 468.00
Sunday only .................................. 520.00 260.00
NEWS EDITORIAL
DEAN BAQUET Executive Editor KATHLEEN KINGSBURY Editorial Page Editor
JOSEPH KAHN Managing Editor
REBECCA BLUMENSTEIN Deputy Managing Editor BUSINESS
STEVE DUENES Deputy Managing Editor
MARK THOMPSON Chief Executive Officer
MATTHEW PURDY Deputy Managing Editor
ROLAND A. CAPUTO Chief Financial Officer
ELISABETH BUMILLER Assistant Managing Editor MEREDITH KOPIT LEVIEN Chief Operating Officer
SAM DOLNICK Assistant Managing Editor DIANE BRAYTON General Counsel and Secretary
MONICA DRAKE Assistant Managing Editor ELLEN C. SHULTZ Executive V.P., Talent and Inclusion
MATTHEW ERICSON Assistant Managing Editor WILLIAM T. BARDEEN Chief Strategy Officer
ALISON MITCHELL Assistant Managing Editor R. ANTHONY BENTEN Chief Accounting Officer, Treasurer
CAROLYN RYAN Assistant Managing Editor STEPHEN DUNBAR-JOHNSON President, International
SAM SIFTON Assistant Managing Editor
MICHAEL SLACKMAN Assistant Managing Editor
The Newspaper
And Beyond
CORRECTIONS A17
CROSSWORD C3
OBITUARIES B12-14
OPINION A22-23
TV LISTINGS C7
WEATHER B10
CLASSIFIED ADS B11
VIDEO
British Prime Minister Boris
Johnson announced yesterday
that he would lift many coro-
navirus restrictions, clearing the
way for pubs, restaurants and hair
salons in England to reopen.
nytimes.com/video
DOUG MILLS/THE NEW YORK TIMES
phy, “My American Journey,” when he was
in high school, and knew he wanted to
follow his childhood idol’s lead. He joined
the Army and signed up for every danger- AUDIO
ous assignment that came his way. He The latest playlist from our pop
learned how to speak Urdu, went to Rang- music critics includes new tracks
er school and infantry school, reporting for from Noname, Anderson .Paak
duty when he had pneumonia. He deployed and Aretha Franklin, whose
to Afghanistan where he commanded an “Never Gonna Break My Faith”
all-white platoon. But he said he was con- has been reworked for this politi-
stantly rated second, behind one white guy cal moment. To listen, visit
or another, in his evaluations. In meetings, nytimes.com/music.
he said, “People would look at me like,
‘Why is this black kid here?’ ”
Now, he has given up his dream of be-
coming the next Colin Powell. He’s still in
the Army but says he accepts that he will
never make the rank of colonel, let alone
general. “I had an idea of what I thought
my military life would be,” he said. “And it
completely broke me, to realize there’s no
path for me.”
There was the African-American Marine LIVE WEBINAR
who made it to the brass ranks of the mili- Educators: Explore ways to use
tary leadership promotion boards, where “What’s Going On in This Pic-
everyone around the table — all white men ture?” The Learning Network’s
— were considering candidates and saying popular weekly feature, to acti-
how great they thought one black aviator vate critical thinking and connect
candidate was. But when it came time to students to the world around
vote for who would advance, none of them them. The webinar will take place
voted for the black man. Thursday, June 25, at 2 p.m. E.D.T.
When writing last month’s article on Register at nytimes.com/learning.
race in the military, I wanted to include
names and faces, not anonymous descrip-
tions of racism, whether perceived or real.
But none of the three service members
mentioned above or the dozens of others I
interviewed would let me use their names.
The fighter pilot said race relations in
America were bad enough at the moment;
he didn’t want to add to the mix. The Green
Beret said he didn’t want to upset white
NEWSLETTER
officers. The Marine said he feared being
ostracized by the military if he criticized it What on Earth is going on? Sign
publicly. So I left all their names out. up for the weekly Climate Fwd:
But I thought about them, and their newsletter to receive stories and
stories, every time I listened to military insights from The New York
leaders explain why there weren’t more Times climate team straight to
minorities in top posts. your inbox.
nytimes.com/newsletters
This article was adapted from the At War
newsletter. Subscribe or read more at
nytimes.com/atwar. To read Ms. Cooper’s articles
about promotions and minorities at the Pentagon,
go to nytimes.com/by/helene-cooper. Contact the Newsroom
nytnews@nytimes.com
Share a News Tip
tips@nytimes.com or nytimes.com/tips
Contact Customer Care
nytimes.com/contactus
or 1-800-NYTIMES (1-800-698-4637)
Times Book Review.................................. 1 Yr. $208.00 ners or third parties who offer products or ser-
vices that are likely to interest its readers. If you
an advertisement shall constitute final acceptance.
© 2020, The New York Times Company. All rights
Large Print Weekly .................................. 1 Yr. 114.40
Higher rates, available on request, for mail-
prefer that we do not share this information, please
notify Customer Service, P.O. Box 8042, Davenport,
reserved.
ing outside the U.S., or for the New York edi- IA, 52808-8042, or e-mail help@nytimes.com.
tion outside the Northeast: 1-800-631-2580. A. G. Sulzberger, Publisher
All advertising published in The New York Times is
*Not including state or local tax. Mark Thompson, President and Chief Executive Officer
subject to the applicable rate card, available from the
The Times occasionally makes its list of home deliv- advertising department. The Times reserves the right R. Anthony Benten, Treasurer
ery subscribers available to marketing part- Diane Brayton, General Counsel and Secretary
not to accept an advertiser’s order. Only publication of
 THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 N A3

Of Interest
NOTEWORTHY FACTS FROM TODAY’S PAPER

Only a certain peanut bred for the
proper size and the look of its shell
makes the cut for the ballpark trade.
It’s called the Virginia, grown in that
state but also in the Carolinas, Texas
and New Mexico.
Ballpark Peanuts, a Classic Pleasure, Are Benched
For the Season D1
• entered the film industry as a
During the peak of pandemic-related
fears in March and April, consumers
rushed to grocery stores to stockpile
cheese. Retail sales surged more than
70 percent from a year earlier.
What’s Up With the Price of Cheese? B1
• The chip butty, a carb-centered
Of the Guggenheim Museum’s
25 trustees, 23 are white.
Guggenheim’s Culture Is Challenged C1
CLAY HICKSON
British phenomenon, is, essentially,
two slices of buttered white bread
with a mountain of fries in between.
Enhancing Carbs for a Picky Eater D2
Elective surgery accounts for more
than a third of all spending at some
major hospitals, according to the
founder of Center for Medical
Tourism Research.
An Iffy Time for Hospitals Turned Hoteliers B7
•
The director Joel Schumacher
costume designer.
He Turned the Dark Knight Into Batman Lite C6
•
Over the past four years, the West
African nation of Burkina Faso has
fallen into chaos, with gunmen
robbing, killing and threatening some
of its poorest citizens and causing
850,000 to flee their homes.
‘We’re Going to Kill All of You’: Ethnic Violence
Plagues Burkina Faso A10

The Conversation Spotlight

FOUR OF THE MOST READ, SHARED AND DISCUSSED POSTS ADDITIONAL REPORTAGE AND REPARTEE
FROM ACROSS NYTIMES.COM FROM OUR JOURNALISTS

Trump Suspends Visas Allowing Hundreds of Thousands
Of Foreigners to Work in the U.S.
Tuesday’s most read article reported that in a new order that
will last at least until the end of the year, President Trump
blocked visas for a wide variety of jobs. The affected visas
include those for computer programmers and other skilled
workers who enter the country under the H-1B visa, as well
as those for seasonal workers in the hospitality industry,
students on work-study summer programs and au pairs who
arrive under other auspices.
Bars, Strip Clubs and Churches: U.S. Virus Outbreaks
Enter Unwieldy Phase
For months, coronavirus clusters often centered in nursing
homes, prisons and food processing plants. With Americans
venturing into public more, new types of outbreaks are
emerging.
In a Live at Home event on Monday, Chris Jordan, director of
exercise physiology at the Johnson & Johnson Human Per-
formance Institute, offered fitness advice in a conversation
with Tara Parker-Pope, founding editor of Well. In addition to
demonstrating two seven-minute workouts, Mr. Jordan an-
swered questions from readers. Here are edited excerpts.
Tara Parker-Pope So we’re all kind of missing group
fitness. Do you have thoughts about how to overcome
that loss if you’re working out by yourself at home?
Chris Jordan There’s a lot to be said for the social
aspect of working out in a group, and I do miss my
workout partner. Think of any way we can engage
with other people. Share in the discomfort and the
joy of exercise. Use Zoom or a similar video option to
work out with friends. My wife has a group of mothers
who work out together, and they were on Zoom this
morning and they can see everyone else doing the
same workout together and they still feel like they’re
in a community. So I would encourage people to utilize
technology to work out together.

Parker-Pope We’re all very much more sedentary. Any

tips for just getting into a routine, getting motivated?

Jordan Purpose is a very powerful driver of

BRIDGET BENNETT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
engagement. I’m in my 50s now. My 20s exercise
was all about big biceps and looking good. It’s not that
America Is Too Broken to Fight the Coronavirus anymore. Exercise is about energy and how I’m the
Michelle Goldberg’s Op-Ed, the most read article out of the best version of myself after a workout. And I need to be
Opinion section on Tuesday, argued that “Republican political a good dad around my kids. That’s probably the most
important thing to me. And even on those days when

MONICA
dysfunction has made a coherent campaign to fight the pan-
demic impossible.” I don’t necessarily enjoy working out, that’s enough of
a driver. So I’d say look at the bigger picture, make a
This Time-Management Trick Changed My Whole
RICH
connection between exercise and your purpose. That
Relationship With Time can be a powerful motivator.
In this week’s installment of The Times Magazine’s Letter of

KOSANN
Recommendation column, Dean Kissick extols the virtues of
To see the full discussion and the workouts, go to
the pomodoro method of time management. timesevents.nytimes.com/past.

BE STRONG
The Apollo Charm Necklace
Quote of the Day “If the state can take away the license of a barber for Designed in sterling silver and 18k gold.

AN OFFICER FIRED, THEN HIRED

AGAIN AND AGAIN A1
misconduct, surely it should be able to do so for a police Please call 866.598.2784 or Visit Us at
officer.” M O N I C A R I C H KO S A N N . C O M
ROGER GOLDMAN, an emeritus law professor at St. Louis University, on states like New Jersey, which
does not require licenses for police officers, limiting its ability to track and prevent improper behavior.

E23G671

The Mini Crossword Here to Help E 2 3 G 6 7 1

E 2 3 G 6 7 1

BY JOEL FAGLIANO HOW TO DEAL WITH KIDS AND PUBLIC BATHROOMS DURING CORONAVIRUS

1 2 3 4 Public bathrooms have always brought up

an ick factor — especially in parents with
young kids who touch everything and put
5
things in their mouths. But in pandemic
times, there are even more worries: a
6 study came out last month confirming that
infectious coronavirus is present in feces
7 — something that was suspected but not
known before.
It’s still not clear how much infectious
8 material is in the feces of a person with
Covid-19, and how long aerosolized bits
6/24/2020 EDITED BY WILL SHORTZ can hang around in the air after someone
flushes, said Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, a
ACROSS professor of pediatric infectious disease at
1 Universal ___ (modern Stanford University. BRANCHE COVERDALE
education initiative)
Since many public restrooms are small,
5 Optimistic feeling distance from others as much as possible
poorly ventilated spaces with a high vol-
6 Like roasted marshmallows in a bathroom; respiratory droplets still
ume of traffic, they feel like a place where
7 Poker pot payments are a much bigger source of transmission
8 “Mm-hmm” or “Uh-huh” people could potentially be exposed to
viral material. But Dr. Moldanado said that than surfaces.
the risk of a public bathroom is probably For changing infants and babies in
DOWN
not as high as people imagine it to be. diapers, Altmann advises parents to bring
1 You’re likely to get called on it
“Most people aren’t sitting in public a plastic garbage bag to spread over a
2 Tree’s support system
bathrooms for hours and hours,” she said. changing table, creating a clean mat.
3 Olympic fencing event
She adds that while scientists don’t yet Having necessary supplies on hand —
4 Alicia who plays the
piano, fittingly know the risk of using a bathroom that an sanitizing wipes and gloves — means you
6 Part of L.G.B.T.Q. infected person has been in for a few don’t have to go hunting around and touch-
ing surfaces while changing a diaper. And
Helping you live better.
minutes, there are still common-sense

SOLUTION TO
actions that parents can take. “The best when the change is done, the garbage bag
can be rolled up with the diaper, wipes and
No matter where you live.
J A W way to deal with surfaces is with disinfec-
PREVIOUS PUZZLE gloves, and thrown away. Another option:
J U N E tant wipes and hand washing: wipe down
door handles and toilet seats,” she said. Do diaper changes outside, on the grass or
J O I N T
People, including kids, should also wear in the back of the car. KATHARINE GAMMON
F A C E S
masks inside any building and keep their For more tips, visit nytimes.com/parenting.
K N E X

nytimes.com/realestate
A4 WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020

Tracking an Outbreak
N

Coronavirus Update Hot Spots in the United States

As of Tuesday evening, more than 2,341,800 people across every state, plus Washington, D.C., and four U.S. territories, have tested positive for the
coronavirus, according to a New York Times database. More than 120,900 people with the virus have died in the United States.
Fauci Warns of ‘Disturbing Surge’ in Cases
How the number of new cases
Judge Orders Brazil’s Leader to Wear Mask has changed over the last two weeks

Wash.
In Britain, Johnson Rolls Back Restrictions Falling Rising ĺ Few or same
number of cases Maine
Mont. N.D.

By JAMES BARRON Ore. Minn.

Idaho Wis. N.Y. Vt. N.H.
Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, the federal government’s top infectious dis-
Mich. Mass.
ease expert, wore a black face mask to Capitol Hill on Tuesday. He S.D.
told House lawmakers that it was important for officials to wear face Wyo. Conn. R.I.
masks in public during the continuing coronavirus pandemic “not Pa.
Iowa
only because I want to protect others and to protect myself, but also
Neb. N.J.
to set an example.” Nev.
Ohio
It appeared to be indirect criticism of President Trump, who has Ind. Md.
D.C. Del.
Ill.
repeatedly shunned wearing a mask in public. After several hours of Utah W.Va.
Colo. Va.
testimony, Dr. Fauci had slipped off the mask when he spoke. But
Calif. Kan. Mo.
not the chairman of the House Energy and Commerce Committee, Ky.
Representative Frank Pallone, Democrat of New Jersey, who wore a
Ariz.
mask with the words “The Stone Pony.” That club, made famous by N.C.
Bruce Springsteen (or vice versa), is in his district. Okla. Ark. Tenn.

Dr. Fauci told the lawmakers that the nation was going through S.C.
N.M.
a “disturbing surge” of coronavirus infections because states had Ga.
reopened faster than they should have and had not developed plans
Miss.
to trace the contacts of infected people. His appraisal was far differ- Ala.
ent from President Trump’s sunny assessments. Unlike the presi- La.
dent, who claimed last week that a virus that has infected more than Texas
two million Americans and killed more than 122,000 would just “fade Alaska
Fla.
away,” Dr. Fauci said “the virus is not going to disappear.”
He described the status of the nation as a “mixed bag,” saying
there were some bright spots but also many dark ones. Some states
like New York are “doing very well” in controlling the spread of the Hawaii Puerto Rico
virus, he said, but he called the increased caseloads in other states
“very troublesome to me.”
The officials said they had made progress during the pandemic,
and Dr. Fauci said that he was “cautiously optimistic” that a vaccine
could be ready early next year. Dr. Redfield warned that the coro- Sources: State and local health agencies. The map shows where the average number of reported cases over the past two weeks is increasing, decreasing or
about the same. Counties with fewer than 20 cases over the past two weeks and parts of a county with a population density lower than 10 people per square mile
navirus pandemic would continue through flu season in the winter, are not shaded. Data for Rhode Island is shown at the state level because county data is infrequently reported. Data is as of June 23, 2020, at 5 p.m., Eastern. THE NEW YORK TIMES
putting still more pressure on hospitals and health care workers and
making getting a flu shot more important than ever. “This single act
will save lives,” he said.
Dr. Fauci was asked about Mr. Trump’s claim at his rally on THE VULNERABLE
Saturday in Tulsa, Okla., that he had asked “my people” to “slow the

Caring for the Pets Left Behind in New York

testing down” because it was raising the case counts and making
the country look bad. Dr. Fauci said that neither he nor any other
officials he knew of had been asked to let up on testing.
“That just is a fact,” he said, adding that the officials planned on
“doing more testing” because that would help doctors “understand By SARAH MASLIN NIR
exactly what is going on in community spread.” As a trained disaster responder,
Adm. Brett P. Giroir, who was once the administration’s testing Dr. Robin Brennen was well
czar, backed up Dr. Fauci, saying that he had not been instructed to versed in proper safety pro-
slow testing. “We want to do more testing and of higher quality.” cedures when she entered a coro-
navirus patient’s apartment on
Manhattan’s Upper West Side in
Court Reprimand for Bolsonaro late March. She pulled on protec-
Even presidents must obey mask-wearing rules, a Brazilian tive plastic booties, a face mask
and an eye shield.
judge declared in a case involving President Jair Bolsonaro, who
Then, with a gloved hand, she
early in the pandemic made light of the coronavirus as “a measly picked up the rest of her equip-
cold.” More recently, he has sometimes appeared without a mask on ment: a 5-pound bag of cat kibble
weekends when he has joined protests against the Brazilian Con- and a litter box.
gress and Supreme Court or dropped by outdoor food stalls. The pandemic’s devastating hu-
Judge Renato Coelho Borelli said in his ruling that Mr. Bol- man toll in New York City has
sonaro had “exposed other people to the contagion.” been well documented. But it has
“Even though there is no consensus within the medical/scientif- also affected people’s lives in
ic community about the dissemination of Covid-19 by asymptomatic
ways that have gotten less atten-
tion, including what happens to
carriers, it is at best disrespectful to go out in public without using the pets of those who become seri-
P.P.E. — putting other people’s health at risk,” the judge said. He ously ill.
added, “The president of the republic must take all necessary meas- Dr. Brennen, a veterinarian at
ures to avoid the transmission of Covid-19.” Animal Care Centers of NYC, is
The governor of the federal district that includes Brasilia im- part of a team of specialists who
posed the mask requirement at the end of April. In mid-May, penal- help the animal companions that
ties of 2,000 reals (about $388) were added. have been left behind.
Brazil has the world’s second-highest coronavirus case count, Across the city, animal special-
ists in full-body personal protec-
after the United States. More than 1.1 million Brazilians have the
tive gear enter homes to feed, at
disease, and more than 51,000 have died. no charge, famished pets whose
owners are hospitalized with the
New Coronavirus Cases Announced Daily in U.S. virus, or to take custody of pets
As of Tuesday evening, more than 2,341,800 people across every belonging to patients who do not
state, plus Washington, D.C., and four U.S. territories, have tested return home.
positive for the virus, according to a New York Times database. Pet owners who have died of the
virus have left behind dogs, guin- PHOTOGRAPHS BY DESIREE RIOS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

ea pigs and cats, at least one of
which starved to death before
30,000
anyone had checked the owner’s
apartment, according to Animal
New cases Care Centers of NYC.
For cats, which are susceptible
20,000
to coronavirus infection, the city’s
standard strategy is to essentially
7-day
average quarantine them in their homes
for at least 14 days, with city ani-
10,000
mal specialists monitoring them.
(It is unclear whether cats can
pass the disease to humans.)
On the Upper West Side that
day in March, residents of the co-
March 1 June 23
op building had alerted Dr. Bren-
Note: Tuesday’s total is incomplete because some states report cases
after press time. Data is as of June 23, 2020, at 5 p.m. Eastern. nen’s organization that a woman
Sources: State and local health agencies; hospitals; C.D.C. THE NEW YORK TIMES who lived there was in intensive
care battling the virus, and that
her two beloved cats had been left
Britain’s ‘National Hibernation’ behind.
Dr. Brennen went in and fed the
In the United States, some mayors are starting to think twice
cats twice a week.
about reopening, and some doctors are worried that months of
“I knew how much she wanted
progress are being wiped away. Some places have hit pause on plans those cats and loved them,” she
to lift their restrictions. People in Maine will not be able to belly up said. “And I wanted them to be
to bars as soon as originally planned, for example, and occupancy there for her when she got home.”
limits in Louisiana are being kept low, at least for now. Ultimately, the cats’ owner
died; a neighbor later adopted
But in Britain, Prime Minister Boris Johnson cut the social-
them.
distancing requirement in half and rolled back other restrictions,
declaring that “our long national hibernation is beginning to come to “They don’t have her, but they
had people willing to help her,”
an end.” It was a line that to American ears seemed to echo what
said Dr. Brennen, the animal care
President Gerald R. Ford said when he was sworn in after Richard organization’s vice president of
M. Nixon’s resignation in 1974: “Our long national nightmare is animal health and welfare. “And
over.” But the coronavirus is not over. Britain is still reporting nearly that is something."
1,000 new infections a day. Some virus patients, intubated
and in intensive care units, have
Mr. Johnson had been under pressure to revive the British econ-
been unable to tell anyone that
omy. He shrank the social-distance requirement by half, to one
meter, or about three feet. He also lifted a wide variety of restric- their dog or cat has been left be-
hind, leaving neighbors to figure it
tions, clearing the way for pubs, restaurants, hotels and museums in
out from plaintive whimpering
Britain to reopen on July 4.
down the hall.
Is the country ready? Some scientists said no. “This is far too In late April, New York City’s
premature,” said David King, a former chief scientific adviser to the emergency management and ani-
British government. mal welfare offices introduced a
hotline for people who were strug-
In Japan, which lifted its emergency declaration late last month,
gling to care for their pets because
Tokyo Disneyland and DisneySea will reopen on July 1. But visitors
will not be allowed to hug Mickey Mouse. of the virus.
Some questions that come into
the hotline, which is staffed by
Coronavirus Update wraps up the day’s developments with infor- members of local animal rescue
mation from across the virus report.
Feraz Mohammed, an animal control officer, inside the Bronx apartment of a woman hospitalized
because of the coronavirus. A dog and a cat, below, had not had food or water for five days.
groups and representatives of the
city agencies, are fairly basic. One
example: Can my dog get the vi-
rus? (There have been few docu-
mented cases of dogs contracting
the disease.)
The hotline’s primary goal is to
help struggling or sick New York-
ers avoid surrendering their pets,
connecting callers to things like
subsidized emergency veterinary
medicine and the city’s network of
free pet food pantries.
But sometimes, surrendering
pets is the only option: As of June
17, roughly 145 had been turned
over via the hotline. The animals
have been cared for by Dr. Bren-
nen’s organization and by the
American Society for the Preven-
tion of Cruelty to Animals in Man-
hattan.
Animals surrendered by people
who have contracted the virus
must be quarantined for 14 days.
After that, they can be adopted.
“It is so important, especially at
this time, that this human-animal
bond is taken care of,” said Chris-
tine Kim, the city animal welfare
office’s senior community liaison. arranged for Lucy to stay at a
“This is the time when people Long Island boarding facility for
need that the most.” three weeks. The cost was cov-
When Howard Katz, 61, a limou- ered by a grant from Red Rover, a
sine driver from Massapequa, on group that provides financial help
Long Island, was hospitalized to people with pets in crisis.
with the virus in April, his prima- “It was like a lifeline for my
ry concern was not for himself, his brother,” said Ms. Hertz, adding
sister, Cynthia Hertz, said. In- that Mr. Katz was overjoyed to be
stead, he was worried about Lucy, reunited with Lucy after three
his Shiba Inu, who was re- weeks in a hospital and rehabilita-
adjusting after surgery for an ill- tion center. “I didn’t know if he
ness that necessitated removing was going to make it if something
her eyes. had happened to Lucy.”
Ms. Hertz said she and her boy- Entering homes where the vi-
friend spent three days calling rus is believed to have been
vets, dog boarding facilities and present can be nerve-racking,
rescue shelters to find someone to said Feraz Mohammed, an animal
care for Lucy. No one would. control officer at Animal Care
“They were afraid,” she said. Centers of NYC.
“Lucy could be carrying the On one recent day, Mr. Moham-
Covid, and nobody was able to med drove an agency van covered
help.” with images of cats and dogs to a
A call to the pet hotline con- South Bronx apartment building.
nected her with Jenny Coffey, the A resident who was thought to
community engagement director have contracted the virus had
at the rescue group Animal Ha- been hospitalized; her dog and cat
ven. had not had food or water for five
The group, which Ms. Coffey days.
said had fielded 215 cases so far, Mr. Mohammed pulled on a
mask, gloves and a Tyvek suit,
meticulously sealing the openings
around his wrists and ankles with
tape. Then he grabbed his dog-
catching stick and cat carrier.
Upstairs, a blond mop of a dog
bounded out of the apartment, a
blur of canine joy. Mr. Mohammed
snapped a leash on the small dog
and then went inside. He fished a
tabby cat out from under the
couch, and he cooed gently at the
two pets as he brought them
downstairs and locked them in
cages in the truck.
“Once we get them fed, get
them water,” he said, stroking the
little dog’s head, “it makes me feel
better about all of this.”

Tracking an Outbreak Global Fallout
LATIN AMERICA
Inequality, Poor Leadership and Weak Health Systems Bring Disaster
This article is by Azam Ahmed,
Anatoly Kurmanaev, Daniel Politi
and Ernesto Londoño.
MEXICO CITY — By late
March, the Mexican government
calmly predicted that its coro-
navirus outbreak would peak in
April.
A few weeks later, it changed its
prediction to mid-May.
And then to late May. And then
to June.
Now, with new infections surg-
ing and the government facing
growing anger, even ridicule, over
its constant guesswork, many
Mexicans have drawn their own
conclusion: No one really knows.
“Obviously, prediction is not a
guarantee of precision,” Hugo Lo-
pez Gatell, the federal health offi-
cial in charge of the nation’s virus
response, has acknowledged.
Mexico, like the rest of Latin
America, has quickly become a fo-
cal point of the pandemic, a worri-
some frontier for a virus that has
claimed the lives of more than
460,000 people and infected more
than nine million worldwide.
The coronavirus was always
going to hit Latin America hard.
Even before it arrived, experts
warned that the region’s com-
bustible blend of inequality,
densely packed cities, legions of
informal workers living day-to-
day and health care systems
starved of resources could under-
mine even the best attempts to
curb the pandemic.
But by brushing off the dan-
gers, fumbling the response, dis-
missing scientific or expert guid-
ance, withholding data and simply
denying the extent of the outbreak
altogether, some governments
have made matters even worse.
Months have passed since the
pandemic struck Latin America,
but unlike in parts of Asia, Europe
and the hardest-hit cities in the
United States, the virus is only
gaining steam across the region.
Deaths have more than doubled
across Latin America in a month,
according to the Pan American
Health Organization, and the re-
gion now accounts for several of
the world’s worst outbreaks.
In recent weeks, Brazil has of-
ten recorded the world’s highest
number of new infections and
daily deaths — and shows no signs
of slowing down. Peru and Chile
now have more cases per capita
than the United States. Cases con-
tinue to climb in Mexico, which re-
cently became one of the few
countries anywhere to hit 1,000
deaths or more in a single day.
In many ways, the faltering,
scattershot approach to the pan-
demic in parts of Latin America
resembles the disorganized ap-
proach in the United States —
with some presidents in the region
Reporting was contributed by Julie
Turkewitz and Jenny Carolina
González in Bogotá, Colombia;
Manuela Andreoni in Rio de Janei-
ro; Pascale Bonnefoy in Santiago,
Chile; Letícia Casado in Brasília;
Mitra Taj in Lima, Peru; and
Paulina Villegas in Mexico City.
BRITAIN EASES RESTRICTIONS
Returning to the Pubs,
Despite Increased Risks
By MARK LANDLER
and STEPHEN CASTLE
LONDON — Three months af-
ter reluctantly and belatedly im-
posing a lockdown on Britain,
Prime Minister Boris Johnson an-
nounced on Tuesday that he
would lift many of the restrictions
— most significantly, cutting the
required social distance between
people in half, to one meter, or
about three feet.
Declaring that “our long na-
tional hibernation is beginning to
come to an end,” Mr. Johnson
cleared the way for the reopening
of pubs, restaurants, hotels and
museums in England on July 4,
which will bring the country
closer in line with Germany, Italy
and other European countries.
But scientists, including some
who advise the government,
warned that reducing the re-
quired social distance would sub-
stantially raise the risk of spread-
ing the coronavirus in a country
that is still reporting more than
1,000 new infections a day.
Mr. Johnson is yielding to in-
tense pressure, including from
members of his own Conservative
Party, to restart the British econ-
omy and return society to a sem-
blance of normalcy. The govern-
ment’s scientific advisers offered
a cautious endorsement of the
changes, though not without res-
ervations and only after an-
guished debate.
In a study released this month,
the government’s scientific advi-
sory group, known as SAGE, esti-
mated that reducing the so-called
Alex Marshall contributed report-
ing.
Epidemiologists say that in Brazil, the coronavirus death toll could surpass the U.S. total to become the world’s highest by late July.
questioning how dangerous the
virus is, championing unproven,
baseless or even dangerous reme-
dies, clashing bitterly with state
governors and refusing to wear
face masks in public.
And as the virus storms
through Latin America, corrup-
tion has flourished, the already in-
tense political polarization in
some countries has deepened, and
some governments have curtailed
civil rights. In El Salvador, thou-
sands of people have been
rounded up, many for violating
stay-at-home orders, despite the
Supreme Court’s demands that
the detentions end.
Economies already stretched
thin before the virus lie on the
precipice of ruin. Millions are out
of work, with millions more at
risk. The United Nations has said
the pandemic could result in a
drop of 5.3 percent in the regional
economy — the worst in a century
— forcing some 16 million people
into extreme poverty.
“In a matter of months, we
could lose what we have gained in
15 years,” said Julio Berdegué, the
regional representative for the
Food and Agriculture Organiza-
tion of the United Nations.
In Brazil, where President Jair
Bolsonaro spent months playing
down the threat of the virus —
calling it a “measly flu” and railing
against shutdowns imposed by
governors — epidemiologists say
the death toll could surpass the to-
tal in the United States to become
the world’s highest by late July.
In Mexico, where President An-
drés Manuel López Obrador has
two-meter rule to one meter could
increase the rate of transmission
anywhere from two to 10 times.
Those risks would be mitigated,
it said, if people wore face cover-
ings and avoided prolonged face-
to-face contact. Transmission is
far less likely outdoors, which is
why pubs and restaurants serving
indoors will be required to install
plastic screens, provide adequate
ventilation and collect contact in-
formation from customers. Face
coverings are already mandatory
on public transportation.
In announcing the changes in
Parliament, Mr. Johnson said the
rate of transmission had fallen far
enough that the National Health
Service was no longer at risk of
being overwhelmed by coro-
navirus patients. “We no longer
face the virus spreading exponen-
tially, though it remains in circula-
tion,” he said.
To cheers from the handful of
members in the chamber, the fa-
mously tousled prime minister
took evident delight in the return
of everyday rituals of British life.
“Almost as eagerly expected as
a pint,” he said, ”will be a haircut,
especially by me.”
Under the new plan, hair-
dressers in England will be able to
open, as will places of worship,
movie theaters, and concert halls,
though they will not be allowed to
stage live performances. Gyms,
pools and nightclubs will remain
closed.
While several countries have
reduced their social distancing
rules, the evidence of the effect is
still open to debate. The World
Health Organization advises peo-
ple to keep a distance of “at least
THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
suggested that a clean conscience
helps ward off infection — “no ly-
ing, no stealing, no betraying, that
helps a lot to not get coronavirus,”
he recently told reporters — the
country has already suffered
three times as many deaths as of-
ficials first predicted.
Not all is dire in the region. Na-
tions like Uruguay and Costa Rica
seem to have avoided the worst so
far, while an almost military-style
health care intervention in Cuba
has left the island nation in better
standing than most.
But in much of Latin America,
the worst may still be on its way.
Colombia is entering its harsh-
est recession since record-keep-
ing began more than 100 years
ago. Venezuela has tumbled into
free-fall. Ecuador is facing a debt
crisis and a return of mass social
unrest. Peru has gone from pro-
jecting the region’s fastest eco-
nomic growth to one of its worst
contractions.
In some South American na-
tions, such as Chile and Colombia,
the cases are just beginning to
surge.
In Argentina, which enforced
strict, successful quarantine
measures, a fresh outbreak, large-
ly in the Buenos Aires metropoli-
tan area, has troubled officials.
The number of cases has more
than quadrupled in the past
month, while deaths have more
than doubled.
“We’re doing well because of ev-
erything we did, but there is a real
possibility that the increase in
cases will turn into a problem that
is difficult to manage,” said Ginés
As of July 4, restaurants in England can reopen to patrons, though with a number of restrictions.
one meter,” while the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention in
the United States recommends
that they stay “at least six feet,” or
two meters, apart.
“It will be much riskier to go to
one meter,” said Susan Michie, a
professor of health psychology at
University College London, who is
a member of the government ad-
visory panel. “If the government
were honest with the public, they
would say, ‘This is a riskier strat-
egy, but we’re taking it anyway be-
cause of economic reasons.’ ”
Indeed, other parts of Britain
are diverging from England. Scot-
land, Wales, and Northern Ireland
are making their own decisions on
when to ease the lockdown, with
Scotland and Wales moving more
slowly than England.
Mr. Johnson is expected to an-
nounce further measures this
González García, Argentina’s
health minister.
Latin America has a vast array
of distinct politics, cultures, geog-
raphies and histories. But some
commonalities may help explain
why, despite at least a month of
advance notice that the virus was
on its way, many countries strug-
gled to buffer the blow.
Regionwide, 53 percent of work-
ers are estimated to toil in the in-
formal sector, selling food on the
streets, working part-time con-
struction jobs or cleaning the
homes of wealthier families. Many
live in densely crowded parts of
But some countries,
like Uruguay, have
avoided the worst.
the region’s largest cities, in
neighborhoods where sanitation
is poor and access to fresh water is
limited. By and large, they have no
paychecks, no pensions, no insur-
ance, no benefits.
For many, to quarantine is to
starve.
“If I can’t work, I can’t eat, it’s as
simple and plain as that,” said
Mario Muñoz Cruz, a shoe shiner
in Mexico City. “If the doctors and
experts tell me to stay home, I
would ask them, ‘What do I eat
then?’”
While there is a seemingly dem-
ocratic quality to the virus — it can
week to loosen the country’s 14-
day quarantine on visitors by ne-
gotiating quarantine-free travel
corridors between Britain and
several European countries. That
comes after intense lobbying from
the embattled airline and tourism
industries.
Britain imposed its lockdown in
late March, far later than its
neighbors, and it has been more
cautious about lifting it, in part be-
cause it suffered one of the worst
outbreaks of any Western country.
Nearly 43,000 people have died;
Mr. Johnson himself survived a
serious bout of Covid-19, the dis-
ease caused by the virus.
While the daily death toll has
fallen to its lowest levels since
March and the transmission rate
is below one — which scientists re-
gard as a benchmark of whether
the epidemic is under control —
VICTOR MORIYAMA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
infect anyone, including leaders
like the president of Honduras,
Juan Orlando Hernández — it fol-
lows and exploits the disparities
that already divide the region.
Risk factors like diabetes, hy-
pertension and obesity are gener-
ally higher among the poor. And
while the wealthy can afford pri-
vate hospitals, the poorest rely on
public health systems plundered
by years of neglect. On average,
nations in the region spend about
a quarter of what developed na-
tions spend each year on health.
Even in nations where the re-
sponse was arguably exemplary,
like Peru, endemic poverty over-
whelmed the best intentions. Now
the country is fighting one of the
world’s worst outbreaks — and
the economic consequences.
Delmira Vasquez, 36, moved to
the capital, Lima, in early March,
like many Peruvians from poorer
provinces who have seen their
hopes vanish in the pandemic.
Her husband, a construction
worker, found a job within a week
of arriving in Lima, but lost it the
week after because of the strict
national lockdown that shut down
most activities.
“Now we only eat because our
neighbors take pity on us,” Mrs.
Vasquez said from the one-room
shack on a hillside shantytown
that she shares with her husband
and three children.
Rural areas have hardly been
spared, either. In the small Co-
lombian city of Leticia, along the
Amazon River, the recorded death
rate is nearly 28 times as high as
for the country as a whole, accord-
FRANK AUGSTEIN/ASSOCIATED PRESS
the aggregate number of new in-
fections continues to be high.
Still, the debate between public
health and economic imperatives
has clearly swung in favor of eco-
nomics.
Officials fear the cost of lock-
down has become unsustainable,
especially after a report by the Or-
ganization for Economic Coopera-
tion and Development estimated
that the British economy could
shrink by as much as 14 percent in
2020, putting it alongside Italy
and France as the worst-hit econo-
mies in Europe.
“This is clearly an economically
driven decision,” said Devi Srid-
har, director of the global health
governance program at Edin-
burgh University. “It feels like No.
10 is gambling that the virus will
mutate to a milder version or the
immunity is broader than anti-
N A5
ing to government data.
“The situation is incredibly
grave,” said Dr. Mauricio Diaz,
who works in Leticia and de-
scribed his hospital as “a parody”
of a hospital. A few days ago, he
said, four ventilators arrived. But
the hospital’s wall outlets are bro-
ken, and “we haven’t been able to
use them,” he said.
The degree of suffering en-
dured by some nations was not in-
evitable, experts say, pointing to
Brazil, Mexico and Nicaragua for
particularly poor leadership.
In Nicaragua, President Daniel
Ortega rejected measures
adopted worldwide to curb the
spread, saying that most
Nicaraguans were too poor to not
work. Schools and businesses re-
mained open, though hundreds of
doctors across the nation urged
the government to acknowledge
the virus was proliferating.
As the virus was tearing
through Brazil and stirring wide-
spread anger at Mr. Bolsonaro, his
administration made a decision
that shocked health experts: It
simply stopped reporting the total
death toll. And while his health
ministry was urging people to
stay home, Mr. Bolsonaro encour-
aged mass demonstration and
shook hands in public.
Mexico’s president, Mr. López
Obrador, also mocked the virus
early on, continued to hug and
kiss his supporters, and encour-
aged Mexicans to patronize
restaurants until the end of
March. Even his coronavirus czar,
Mr. Lopez Gatell, claimed that the
president’s “moral authority”
would protect him from the virus,
and until last month, he dismissed
the utility of face masks.
“One of the fundamental
lessons that is coming out of this
pandemic is that governments
make a difference,” said Octavio
Gomez Dantes, a researcher at
Mexico’s National Institute of
Health. “The evolution of a pan-
demic depends in an important
way on the responses of various
governments.”
With fewer than 1,000 con-
firmed cases and 24 deaths,
Uruguay is a standout.
The tiny country of 3.4 million
quickly enacted a system of con-
tact tracing and, when it had only
four confirmed cases, it closed
borders, suspended schools and
called on the population to stay
home. Uruguayans listened.
“We have been able to succeed
thanks to the citizens who under-
stood the urgency and the impor-
tance of taking care of themselves
and each other,” explained José
Luis Satdjian, sub-secretary of
Uruguay’s Health Ministry.
The relative success has ex-
tended the honeymoon period for
President Luis Lacalle Pou, who
had been in office just two weeks
when the nation confirmed its first
Covid-19 outbreak in mid-March.
“Uruguayans believe the gov-
ernment has handled this situa-
tion well,” said Mariana Pomiés,
executive director of Cifra, a local
polling firm. “The government
has benefited from the pandemic.”
body studies are showing,” she
added, referring to 10 Downing
Street, the prime minister’s office
and residence.
Maintaining the precautionary
measures will be challenging, par-
ticularly in pubs. Among the ques-
tions is whether they will be able
to serve customers at the bar and
allow them to take drinks back to
their tables, and whether
customers will abide by the meas-
ures after they have consumed al-
cohol.
“We now urgently need the de-
tailed government guidelines so
that we can check we have the cor-
rect measures in place to reopen
safely for our team members and
customers,” said Nick Mackenzie,
the chief executive of Greene
King, a chain of pubs and brew-
eries.
Mr. Johnson’s move will also re-
vive London’s cultural life, though
questions remain about how and
when the curtain can go up in the-
aters. The current rules allow
them to screen plays or operas,
but not perform them live. The
government has set up working
groups to try to define how they
can operate safely.
The announcement will not al-
lay fears of a crisis in Britain’s art
world. Nicholas Hytner, the for-
mer head of the National Theater,
told the BBC that “the entire arts
sector is on the brink of ruin.” He
said it “needed massive, unprece-
dented and immediate invest-
ment” to avoid waves of layoffs
and bankruptcies.
Museums have been similarly
hard hit. Jenny Waldman, director
of the Art Fund, which supports
museums, said, “The lockdown
closures have hit museums’ fi-
nances incredibly hard — some
may never reopen.”
Britain has lagged Germany,
France, and Italy in reopening
museums, and institutions like the
Tate and the British Museum have
yet to give details of when they
might open.
A6 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
Tracking an Outbreak Global Fallout
INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL
As E.U. Reopens, It May Block Americans Over Botched Virus Response
From Page A1
has seen more infection surges
just in the past week.
Prohibiting American travelers
from entering the European Un-
ion would have significant eco-
nomic, cultural and geopolitical
ramifications. Millions of Ameri-
can tourists visit Europe every
summer. Business travel is com-
mon, given the huge economic ties
between the United States and the
E.U.
Despite the disruptions caused
by such a ban, European officials
involved in the talks said it was
highly unlikely an exception
would be made for the United
States. They said that the criteria
for creating the list of acceptable
countries had been deliberately
kept as scientific and nonpolitical
as possible.
Including the United States
now, the officials said, would rep-
resent a complete flouting of the
bloc’s reasoning. But they said the
United States could be added later
to the list, which will be revised
every two weeks based on updat-
ed infection rates.
It was unclear if American offi-
cials were aware in advance of the
exclusion of the United States
from the draft lists, which have
not been made public.
The draft lists were shared with
the Times by an official involved
in the talks and confirmed by an-
other official involved in the talks.
Two additional European Union
officials confirmed the content of
the lists as well the details of the
negotiations to shape and finalize
them. All of the officials gave the
information on condition of ano-
nymity because the issue is politi-
cally delicate.
The forging of a common list of
outsiders who can enter the bloc is
part of an effort by the European
Union to fully reopen internal bor-
ders among its 27 member states.
Free travel and trade among
members is a core principle of the
bloc — one that has been badly
disrupted during the pandemic.
Since the outbreak, the bloc has
succumbed to piecemeal national
policies that have resulted in an
incoherent patchwork of open and
closed borders.
Some internal borders have
practically remained closed while
others have opened. Some mem-
ber states that desperately need
Monika Pronczuk contributed re-
porting from Brussels, and Albert
Sun from New York.
MEDICAL SUPPLIES
Dire Need for Oxygen Equipment in Poor Countries Sets Off Scramble for Aid
By DONALD G. McNEIL Jr.
As the coronavirus pandemic
hits more impoverished countries
with fragile health care systems,
global health authorities are
scrambling for supplies of a sim-
ple treatment that saves lives:
oxygen.
Many patients severely ill with
Covid-19, the illness caused by the
coronavirus, require help with
breathing at some point. But now
the epidemic is spreading rapidly
in South Asia, Latin America and
parts of Africa, regions of the
world where many hospitals are
poorly equipped and lack the ven-
tilators, tanks and other equip-
ment necessary to save patients
whose lungs are failing.
The World Health Organization
is hoping to raise $250 million to
increase oxygen delivery to those
regions. The World Bank and the
African Union are contributing to
the effort, and some medical char-
ities are seeking donations for the
cause.
By a stroke of luck, the W.H.O.,
UNICEF and the Bill & Melinda
Gates Foundation in 2017 began
searching for ways to increase
oxygen delivery in poor and mid-
dle-income countries — not in an-
ticipation of a pandemic, but be-
cause oxygen can save the lives of
premature infants and children
with pneumonia.
The organizations began order-
ing equipment in January, but
within weeks suppliers were
swamped by the sudden surge in
demand created by the pandemic.
Although the machinery
needed to generate oxygen is rela-
tively simple, it must be sturdy
enough to withstand the dust, hu-
midity and other hazards common
in rural hospitals in poor coun-
tries. Some companies produce
relatively rugged equipment, but
prices are rising and restrictions
on international flights are com-
plicating deliveries.
The machines cannot come too
soon, doctors working in the field
said.
In May, the Alliance for Interna-
tional Medical Action, or Alima,
treated 123 Covid-19 patients in
the Democratic Republic of
Congo, said Dr. Baweye Mayoum
Barka, the charity’s representa-
tive in Kinshasa, the country’s
capital. Fifty-six of them needed
Airline arrivals in Madrid on Sunday, when Spain reopened to European tourists. Millions of Americans visit Europe each summer.
tourists have rushed ahead to ac-
cept non-E.U. visitors and pledged
to test them on arrival. Others
have tried to create closed travel
zones between certain countries,
called “bubbles” or “corridors.”
Putting these safe lists together
highlights the fraught, messy task
of removing pandemic-related
measures and unifying the bloc’s
approach. But the imperatives of
restoring the internal harmony of
the E.U. and slowly opening up to
the world are paramount, even if it
threatens rifts with close allies in-
cluding the United States, which
appears bound to be excluded, at
least initially.
President Trump, as well as his
Russian and Brazilian counter-
parts, Vladimir V. Putin and Jair
Bolsonaro, has followed what crit-
ics call a comparable path in their
pandemic response that leaves all
three countries in a similarly bad
spot: they were dismissive at the
outset of the crisis, slow to re-
oxygen, but not enough equip-
ment was available.
“So, unfortunately, there were
26 deaths, 70 percent of them in
less than 24 hours,” Dr. Barka said.
“I can’t say they were all from a
lack of oxygen, but it played a
role.”
Alima needs 40 oxygen concen-
trators, which filter oxygen from
the air, but the agency has just
eight, he said. Because it is hard to
move patients from one hospital
to another, some die waiting,
gasping for air.
In Congo, many Covid-19 pa-
tients arrive at hospitals with crit-
ically low blood oxygen levels —
sometimes as low as 60 percent, a
level at which patients must nor-
mally be put on a ventilator to sur-
vive. (Normal oxygen saturation
levels are 95 percent or more.)
One such patient was a doctor
who had for a while refused to go
to the hospital and instead stayed
home, taking chloroquine, which
is still in Congo’s national treat-
ment guidelines.
“Then, when his condition de-
teriorated and he did come, just as
he was nearing the Covid building,
he developed convulsions,” Dr.
Barka recalled. “They stopped to
give him a drug for them, and he
died just at the gate.”
Nigeria is also grappling with
an oxygen shortage, said Dr. San-
jana Bhardwaj, UNICEF’s chief of
health there. Since May, hospitals
in Lagos and Kano have seen a
steady stream of older patients
with Covid-19 symptoms who
need oxygen.
In nearly every country the vi-
rus has hit, rich or poor, about 15
percent of all symptomatic pa-
tients develop pneumonia severe
enough to require extra oxygen,
the W.H.O. estimates, but not so
dire that they must be put on a
ventilator.
Ventilators are rare in poor
countries; they can cost up to
$50,000, and patients must be
heavily sedated the whole time
the breathing tube is lodged deep
in their airways; also, the pres-
sure must be constantly moni-
tored to prevent lung damage.
That requires anesthesiologists
and trained respiratory techni-
cians, positions that many hospi-
tals lack.
Oxygen can be delivered in two
spond to scientific advice and saw
a boom of domestic cases as other
parts of the world, notably in Eu-
rope and Asia, were slowly man-
aging to get their outbreaks under
control.
Countries on the E.U. draft lists
have been selected as safe based
on a combination of epidemiologi-
cal criteria. The benchmark is the
E.U. average number of new infec-
tions — over the past 14 days —
per 100,000 people, which is cur-
rently 16 for the bloc. The compa-
rable number for the United
States is 107, while Brazil’s is 190
and Russia’s is 80, according to a
Times database.
Once diplomats agree on a final
list, it will be presented as a rec-
ommendation early next week be-
fore July 1. The E.U. can’t force
members to adopt it, but Euro-
pean officials warn that failure of
any of the 27 members to stick to it
could lead to the reintroduction of
borders within the bloc.
Oxygen tanks being delivered this month in Honduras. Such supplies are scarce in many hospitals.
ways. Tanks contain nearly pure
oxygen. For patients who need
large volumes and help keeping
the air sacs in their lungs open,
tanks can deliver oxygen at high
pressure through a mask
strapped tightly over the nose and
mouth.
But tanks are heavy, must be re-
filled at central stations and deliv-
ered by truck, and they pose some
risk of explosion and fire. While
many poor countries have plants
making industrial-grade oxygen
for construction jobs like welding,
it cannot be used on patients be-
cause the tanks often contain rust
or oily water that could lodge in
the lungs, said Paul Molinaro,
chief of operations support and lo-
gistics at the W.H.O.
An alternative is an oxygen con-
centrator, which is usually the size
of a suitcase or even a briefcase.
Concentrators pull oxygen out of
ambient air by forcing it under
pressure through a “molecular
sieve” filled with the mineral zeo-
lite, which adsorbs nitrogen.
Most concentrators cost only
$1,000 to $2,000. They need elec-
tricity but can run on a generator
or batteries, using about as much
The reason this exercise is addi-
tionally complex for Europe is
that, if internal borders are open
but member states don’t honor the
same rules, visitors from nonap-
proved nations could land in one
European country, and then jump
Visitors from China
would be allowed
beginning July 1.
onward to other E.U. nations un-
detected.
European officials said the list
would be revised every two weeks
to reflect new realities around the
world as nations see the virus ebb
and flow.
The process of agreeing on it
has been challenging, with diplo-
ORLANDO SIERRA/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
power as a small refrigerator.
Typically concentrators can
produce about 90 percent pure
oxygen. They do not deliver it un-
der pressure, but the thin tube
through which the oxygen
streams can be connected to a
continuous positive airway pres-
sure machine, or CPAP, to enrich
the air it blows into the lungs.
Alima has started a campaign,
“Oxygen for Africa,” to raise
money to send about 500 concen-
trators to six poor countries, Jen-
nifer Lazuta, a spokeswoman,
said.
UNICEF has ordered about
16,000 concentrators for about 90
countries, but thus far has been
able to deliver only about 700, said
Jonathan Howard-Brand, an inno-
vation specialist at UNICEF’s pro-
curement center in Copenhagen.
The W.H.O. has ordered an-
other 14,000, of which 2,000 have
been delivered and 2,000 are in
transit, Mr. Molinaro said.
He and Mr. Howard-Brand de-
scribed severe delivery problems
created by the epidemic, including
delays of up to five weeks. When
possible, the aid agencies ship
through the World Food Program,
BERNAT ARMANGUE/ASSOCIATED PRESS
mats from all European member
states hunkering down for multi-
ple hourslong meetings for the
past few weeks.
As of Tuesday, the officials and
diplomats were poring over the
two versions of the safe list under
debate, and were scheduled to
meet again on Wednesday to con-
tinue sparring over the details.
One list contains 47 countries
and includes only those nations
with an infection rate lower than
the E.U. average. The other longer
list has 54 countries and also in-
cludes those nations with slightly
worse case rates than the E.U. av-
erage, going up to 20 new cases
per 100,000 people.
The existing restrictions on
nonessential travel to all 27 mem-
ber states plus Switzerland, Nor-
way, Iceland and Liechtenstein
were introduced on March 16 and
extended twice until July 1, in a bid
to contain the virus as the conti-
nent entered a three-month long
which has dozens of planes. But
the concentrators must compete
for space with shipments of food,
personal protective gear and
other lifesaving goods.
Also, some countries are far
from cargo hub cities, while others
restrict all flights, even those con-
taining aid, for fear of the virus be-
ing introduced.
“We need more planes in the
air,” Mr. Howard-Brand said.
UNICEF is also buying tens of
thousands of pulse oximeters, fin-
gertip devices to measure blood-
oxygen saturation.
In deciding how much equip-
ment to buy, the aid agencies are,
to some extent, flying blind. As
New York State learned when it
was desperately collecting venti-
lators in March, how great the
need will be is unpredictable.
Younger Covid-19 patients and
those without other health prob-
lems often survive without sup-
plemental oxygen. Populations in
Africa skew younger, because
vaccination and anti-malaria cam-
paigns over the past two decades
have saved many children who
otherwise would have died. Wide
swaths of older Africans died of
confinement.
“Discussions are happening
very intensively,” to reach consen-
sus in time for July 1, said Adal-
bert Jahnz, a spokesman for the
European Commission, the bloc’s
executive branch. He called the
process “frankly, a full-time job.”
The E.U. agency for infectious
diseases, the European Center for
Disease Prevention and Control,
warned negotiators that the case
numbers were so dependent on
the level of truthfulness and test-
ing in each country, that it was
hard to vouch for them, officials
taking part in the talks said.
China, for example, has been
accused of withholding informa-
tion and manipulating the num-
bers of infections released to the
public. In parts of the developing
world, case numbers are very low,
but it’s hard to determine whether
they paint an accurate picture giv-
en limited testing.
And in the United States, com-
ments made by President Trump
at a rally in Tulsa over the week-
end highlighted how easy it is to
manipulate a country’s case num-
bers, as he suggested that domes-
tic testing was too broad.
“When you do testing to that ex-
tent, you’re going to find more
people, you’re going to find more
cases,” Mr. Trump told support-
ers. “So I said to my people, ‘Slow
the testing down, please.’ They
test and they test.”
European embassies around
the world could be enlisted to help
verify or opine on the data pro-
vided that would inform the final
list, negotiators said, another indi-
cation that the list could end up be-
ing quite short if European diplo-
mats at embassies said reported
numbers were unreliable.
Many European Union coun-
tries are desperate to reopen their
borders to visitors from outside
the region to salvage tourism and
boost airlines’ revenue while
keeping their own borders open to
each other. Some have already
started accepting visitors from
outside the bloc.
At the other extreme, a few Eu-
ropean nations including Den-
mark are not prepared to allow
any external visitors from non-
E.U. countries, and are likely to
continue with this policy after
July 1.
Germany, France and many
other E.U. nations want non-Euro-
pean travelers to be allowed, but
are also worried about individual
countries tweaking the safe list or
admitting travelers from exclud-
ed countries, officials said.
AIDS before H.I.V. therapy be-
came widely available in the
mid-2000s.
(It is still unclear whether being
on H.I.V. treatment increases
risks of death from Covid-19, ac-
cording to the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention. But U.N-
.AIDS, the U.N. program fighting
the disease, worries that lock-
downs and border closings will
disrupt supplies of H.I.V. medi-
cines, which would undoubtedly
put H.I.V. patients at high risk.)
The agencies seek advice from
other aid personnel in each coun-
try to estimate how much equip-
ment is needed, Mr. Molinaro said.
If he had more money and time, he
added, he would concentrate on
ways to increase supplies of
tanked oxygen, which is danger-
ous to ship and so must be
produced on site.
In recent years, some public-
private partnerships have sprung
up to do that. In East Africa, for
example, an aid organization, As-
sist International, set out several
years ago to break local corporate
monopolies on medical oxygen
that many public hospitals in Afri-
ca could not afford.
With equipment supplied by the
GE Foundation and money from
Grand Challenges Canada and
other donors, Assist now has a
network of oxygen-making plants
in Rwanda, Kenya and Ethiopia.
The U.N.’s oxygen-concentrator
procurement effort, begun in
April, was a natural extension of
the U.N.’s Oxygen Therapy
Project, which began in 2017 with
Gates Foundation support in an
effort to save babies and children.
By January, the project had
found four manufacturers — two
in China and two in the United
States — whose machines could
stand up to harsh conditions and
who could add voltage stabilizers
to prevent damage from power
spikes, which are common in the
electrical systems of poor coun-
tries and anywhere that relies on
generators for power.
The agencies were just begin-
ning to place orders when the pan-
demic began.
“Our timing was immaculate,”
said Mr. Howard-Brand, who
helped write the specifications for
the new machines. “Now maybe
the market will open up.”

Tracking an Outbreak The New Normal
RELIGIOUS RITES
‘It Was My Only Wish’: Muslims Grieve as Saudis Cancel Hajj
From Page A1
the five pillars of Islam. Making
the trip is such a sacred milestone
for the world’s 1.8 billion Muslims
that in parts of the Arab world
families of returned pilgrims paint
murals on their homes to alert
their neighbors to the pilgrim in
their midst.
Many people save up their en-
tire lives to make the hajj and, be-
fore modern transportation, spent
months getting there.
The pilgrimage conveys such
religious status that many Mus-
lims add the honorific “al-Hajj” or
“Hajji” to their names on their
business cards.
“The hajj is a transformative,
emotional and spiritually moving
experience — the spiritual pinna-
cle of a devout Muslim’s life,” said
Yasir Qadhi, dean of the Islamic
Seminary of America, who was
supposed to lead a group of 250
pilgrims to Mecca this year.
Since the Saudi announcement,
he added, “There’s a sense of de-
flation and spiritual loss, and a
great sadness.”
The hajj is also big business.
The hajj, a five- or six-day pilgrim-
age that starts this year at the end
of July, and the umrah, a lesser pil-
grimage that can be performed at
any time of the year, earn Saudi
Arabia billions of dollars each
year, and Muslim communities
from Texas to Tajikistan have
travel agencies specializing in get-
ting pilgrims to and from the holy
sites and providing accommoda-
tion along the way.
“It is a catastrophe on all levels
— economic, social and religious,”
said Tariq Kalach, who runs a
Beirut travel agency that was
planning to take 400 pilgrims to
Mecca this year.
Pilgrimage packages cost from
$3,000 to $10,000, he said. He also
provides services to a number of
Islamic associations that pay for
groups of poor Muslims to make
the trip each year.
He said the cancellation was
devastating, but that it was the
right thing to do.
“It is a very dangerous virus
and it will spread like a brush fire,”
he said. “May the almighty make
things easy for the Muslims.”
The Saudi government, for
which the hajj is a major source of
prestige and tourism, announced
Monday that no pilgrims from out-
side the kingdom could perform
the hajj this year in order to pre-
vent contagion.
On Tuesday, Saudi officials nar-
rowed the order, saying that only
about 1,000 pilgrims would be per-
mitted this year — a tiny fraction
of the 2.5 million who came last
year.
Ben Hubbard reported from
Beirut, and Declan Walsh from
Cairo. Reporting was contributed
by Abdi Latif Dahir from Nairobi,
Kenya; Nada Rashwan from
Cairo; Nahim Rahim and Fahim
Abed from Kabul, Afghanistan;
Zia ur Rehman from Karachi, Pa-
kistan; and Ismail Khan from Pe-
shawar, Pakistan.
FAMILY BUSINESS
As the Virus Surges in Florida, a Trump Resort Joins the Rush to Reopen
This article is by Eric Lipton, Neil
Reisner, Steve Eder and Ben Prot-
ess.
Poolside at President Trump’s
resort near Miami, dozens of
guests sunned last weekend on
lounge chairs and chatted in ca-
banas. Golfers fanned out across
multiple courses, and the hotel
lobby hummed with activity for
the first time in months.
But the reopening of Trump Na-
tional Doral, the most important
source of revenue for the presi-
dent’s strained family business,
came as new cases of the coro-
navirus spiked in surrounding Mi-
ami-Dade County and public
health officials urged caution
about resuming normal activity.
Virus cases in Florida exceeded
100,000 on Monday, with more
than 3,100 deaths. About one-
quarter of the cases have been in
Miami-Dade County, a per capita
rate twice the number statewide.
On Tuesday, the county reported
an average positive test rate of
12.4 percent in recent weeks. The
latest single-day positive rate rose
to 25.9 percent.
“We don’t really have too much
good news going on countywide,
said Mary Jo Trepka, chair of the
epidemiology department at Flor-
ida International University. “We
have to assume that people are go-
ing to be at some level of risk when
they encounter other people.”
At the Doral resort last week-
end, steps were being taken to
prevent infections, even as many
visitors and some staff members
did not wear masks — something
the president himself has been re-
luctant to do in public.
David Enrich contributed report-
ing.
Worshipers at the Grand Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, in May. The kingdom says it will only accept 1,000 hajj pilgrims this July; 2.5 million took part last year.
The pilgrimage has been inter-
rupted or curtailed many times
because of wars and disease, but
has faced no significant limits on
attendance since the mid-1800s,
when outbreaks of cholera and
plague kept pilgrims away for a
number of years.
Saudi Arabia, whose king bears
the title “the custodian of the two
holy mosques,” a reference to holy
sites in Mecca and Medina, has
never canceled the hajj since the
modern kingdom was founded in
1932.
“This is the first time in the
global phenomenon of the hajj
that it has been canceled in such a
manner,” said Dr. Qadhi, the schol-
ar. “The dynamics have changed.
Five hundred years ago you
couldn’t ban it. There were no
passports, no visas.”
The Mongol invasion of the Le-
vant in the 13th century, for exam-
ple, prevented pilgrims from
reaching Mecca, he said, “but
even then, the locals did it.”
Few criticized the decision to
limit the event since Saudi Arabia
is suffering from one of the largest
coronavirus outbreaks in the Mid-
dle East, with 161,000 declared in-
fections and more than 1,300
deaths. Epidemiologists have
warned that mass gatherings —
from concerts to sporting matches
Ordering a meal at the poolside
restaurant required a cellphone,
as no menus were given out. Ta-
bles and chaise longues were dis-
infected between guests. On the
golf courses, there were no ball-
washers, coolers, or ice and water
machines, among other changes.
Just as their father has, Eric
Trump and Donald Trump Jr., who
run the family business, have ea-
gerly awaited the lifting of shut-
down mandates in Florida and
elsewhere. “At some point you
have to open back up our country,”
Eric Trump told Fox News on Sat-
urday, when he was in Oklahoma
for his father’s re-election rally.
The financial strain of the shut-
downs on the Trump Organization
has been real. The company’s rev-
enue from its hotel operations is
way down this year, and it re-
cently requested a rent abate-
ment from Palm Beach County,
where the Trumps operate two
golf courses on county land. It also
negotiated with Deutsche Bank to
reduce or delay its payments on
loans from the bank, including
about $125 million the Trump Or-
ganization borrowed when it was
buying Doral in 2012, according to
three people with knowledge of
the matter.
The bank agreed to a break, in
line with those offered to other
borrowers, but the Trump Organi-
zation concluded that the offer
was not worth taking and turned it
down, the people said.
Eric Trump, in an interview,
said the company would “come
out as strong” because it had rela-
tively little debt and steady reve-
nue from office buildings. The
company also cut personnel and
other costs at its hotels.
“I had to make some of the
worst decisions hopefully that I’ll
THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
— can become so-called super-
spreader events.
Khalid Almaeena, a Saudi politi-
cal and media analyst who has at-
tended the hajj many times, said
that much of the pilgrimage’s im-
portance comes from the way it
mixes Muslims from different
countries, races and social classes
who might not otherwise cross
paths.
“This is the religious, social, cul-
tural aspect of the hajj,” he said.
“It is not just the ritual, but the
meeting places, the many great
friendships and bonds that are es-
tablished and built there year af-
ter year.”
In Egypt, the economic hard-
ship of recent years has turned the
hajj into an elusive dream for
many, which only sharpened the
blow of the cancellation.
Ms. Ibrahim, the school admin-
istrator, applied four years in a
row to a government lottery that
offers free trips to the hajj, failing
every time. But this year, she
scraped together the cost from
her own funds. “I wanted to go
while my health is still good,” said
Ms. Ibrahim, 58, who earns about
$175 a month. “I didn’t care about
the cost.”
In many countries, even those
who can muster the expense often
wait years to be included in their
Golfers with face masks on Tuesday at Trump National Doral in
Florida. Many visitors were not wearing masks last weekend.
ever have to make in my life,” he
said, referring to furloughs and
layoffs.
Nationally, the company and
entities associated with it filed no-
tifications with state officials in
March that it intended to lay off or
furlough at least 1,500 employees.
Notices were also sent to some of
those employees, including at the
Trump International Hotel in
Washington, that their health in-
surance was being cut off.
Congress included language in
a federal relief package that prohi-
bited the Trump family from tak-
ing part in assistance programs
controlled by Treasury Secretary
Steven Mnuchin, and the com-
pany decided not to seek loans
from the Small Business Adminis-
tration.
The four golf courses at Doral
have been busy, with much of the
play from members who live in the
Miami area. But the resort’s 643-
country’s quota of pilgrims, which
are set by Saudi Arabia with the
aim of equalizing the opportunity
across the Muslim world.
Imam Mokhi Turk, 45, said that
15 people from his embattled
farming village in Kunduz Prov-
ince, Afghanistan, had been wait-
ing for their turn to do the hajj and
A top pillar of Islam
looked forward to by
millions is postponed
over contagion fears.
that some of his neighbors had
sold land to pay for it.
Mr. Turk and four of his rela-
tives registered for the pilgrimage
four years ago, but only he made
the list this year.
“This makes me very sad, be-
cause every Muslim hopes to go to
hajj once in his whole life, and
when it was my turn, it was can-
celed,” Mr. Turk said. “I’m very
upset because I’m not sure if I’ll be
alive in the next few days, let
alone next year.”
Since the first hajj in 632, Mus-
SCOTT MCINTYRE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
room hotel, which had seen de-
clines in sales after Mr. Trump
was elected, continues to face low
room occupancy along with the
broader hotel industry.
Rooms can be booked for about
$100, less than the standard rate in
the summer off-season in recent
years. Two thirds of Miami-area
hotel rooms were vacant as of the
second week of June, according to
STR, which tracks industry per-
formance.
With the reopening on Monday
of the Trump Organization’s Ferry
Point golf course in the Bronx, all
of the 20 Trump properties in the
United States are up and running
again, at least in part; even the
tasting room at the Trump Winery
in Charlottesville, Va., is once
again welcoming visitors.
The president has done his part
to raise the profile of his proper-
ties. He returned in recent weeks
to courses in New Jersey and Vir-
lims have traveled to Mecca in the
face of hardship, adversity and
disasters, gradually transforming
the pilgrimage from an elite pur-
suit limited to small numbers of
people into one of the world’s larg-
est Muslim gatherings.
For centuries, it was a feat just
to make it to Mecca in one piece.
Under the Ottoman Empire,
camel-riding pilgrims crossed the
vast deserts of Arabia in giant car-
avans that set out from Cairo or
Damascus in a journey often tak-
ing six weeks and vulnerable to at-
tacks by Bedouin bandits.
Others came by sea, braving
storms, disease outbreaks in
crowded ships, and other threats.
In 1502, the Portuguese explorer
Vasco da Gama, battling for con-
trol of trade routes, captured a
ship filled with pilgrims as it re-
turned from Mecca, set it on fire
and killed several hundred people.
In the 19th century, periodic cho-
lera epidemics killed thousands of
pilgrims.
The Suez Canal shortened the
sea voyage for many after it
opened in 1869, and the advent of
motor vehicles eased the land
voyage starting in the 1920s. Even
then, numbers remained low: The
hajj of 1929 registered 66,000 pil-
grims.
The numbers started soaring in
ginia after two and a half months
without playing golf, the longest
break since he became president.
And last month, as his company
announced the reopening of its
Los Angeles course, Mr. Trump
celebrated in a post on Twitter.
“So great to see our Country
starting to open up again!” he
wrote.
Even so, the Trump family oper-
ations are only partly back in busi-
ness.
In Washington, the lobby at the
hotel that served as a magnet for
lobbyists and Trump administra-
tion officials, remains closed, as
does BLT Prime, the high-end
restaurant at the hotel. The main
restaurants at Trump hotels in
New York, Hawaii, Miami and
Chicago also are still closed.
“Since the pandemic began, we
have had to make many difficult
decisions,” Mickael Damelin-
court, the managing director of
the Washington hotel, said in a let-
ter last month to employees.
Internationally, the family’s ho-
tel in Vancouver remains closed.
Trump Doonbeg, the golf resort in
Ireland, is also closed, and the ho-
tel there is not accepting reserva-
tions online until mid-July. Trump
Dubai, a golf club in the United
Arab Emirates, is open, but play-
ers are required to wear masks,
even when on the golf course, the
website says.
As they reopen, some Trump
properties have drawn people
protesting police brutality and the
president’s statements about
demonstrators after the killing of
George Floyd in Minneapolis.
“We wanted to bring this to his
doorstep because we see how he
speaks in discriminatory and in-
flammatory language,” said
Nathalie Polo, 23, who led a pro-
N A7
AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
the 1970s, as mass air travel be-
came more affordable, and Saudi
rulers recognized that the pil-
grimage brought not just religious
prestige but also income.
Since the 1990s, the pilgrimage
has been marred by stampedes,
giant tent fires and worries about
outbreaks of diseases such as
SARS or, more recently, MERS.
The deadliest stampede occurred
in 2015 when more than 2,200 peo-
ple died.
Despite the periodic tragedies,
the Saudi authorities never can-
celed it.
The cancellation weighs partic-
ularly heavily on older Muslims
who have been waiting for years
to go in hopes that they can fulfill
their religious obligation before
death.
“I have been dreaming about it
for 20 years and I hoped to do it
before I got this old,” said Firiyan
al-Masri, 68, a woman from
Beirut.
Finally this year, she got her
name on the list of a Lebanese Is-
lamic association that finances
trips for those in need, only to see
her chances dashed by the pan-
demic.
“If God wills it, I will do the pil-
grimage next year,” she said. “If I
am still alive.”
test outside the Doral property
this month. “I felt like it was im-
portant to do something, and spe-
cifically, do something that might
grab his attention.”
On Saturday, a lawyer dressed
as the grim reaper was outside the
Doral hotel. The lawyer, Daniel
Uhlfelder, said he opposed the
handling of the pandemic by the
president and the Florida gover-
nor, Ron DeSantis, who has fol-
lowed Mr. Trump’s lead in pushing
for a rapid return to business-as-
usual even as the virus continues
to spread.
“He is the model messenger of
misinformation,” Mr. Uhlfelder
said of Mr. Trump. “We have been
fighting for several months to get
Florida to do the right thing.”
Experts say it is possible for
businesses like Trump National
Doral to operate safely, but they
also acknowledge that the presi-
dent’s properties present a special
case.
“The bottom line is, can a leader
lead by example?” said Dr. Aileen
Marty, an infectious disease ex-
pert with Florida International
University who helped design Mi-
ami-Dade County’s safety proto-
cols for businesses. “That’s what
needs to happen at every type of
business — wear a mask, practice
hygiene, social distance.”
When the president recently
visited his golf club in Bedminster,
N.J., while in the area to speak at
the West Point graduation cere-
mony, temperature checks were
required, but only when he was on
the property, a person familiar
with the situation said. There is no
requirement that golfers or guests
at Bedminster wear masks, and
almost no one has done so, other
than food service employees, the
person said.
A8 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
Tracking an Outbreak The New Normal
HIGHER EDUCATION
States Seize Chance to Stop College Student Brain Drain
By ANEMONA HARTOCOLLIS
MORGANTOWN, W.Va. — On a
crisp day in November, three
young men gathered at the tiny
municipal airport in Morgantown,
just minutes from West Virginia
University’s campus. One paced
nervously, having never flown be-
fore. Another was dressed as the
university’s mascot, wearing
buckskin and toting a rifle. The
third was reading a book, Ralph
Ellison’s “Invisible Man.”
The three men, all W.V.U. stu-
dents, were boarding a private
plane for a recruiting trip to Mc-
Dowell County, the remote heart
of Appalachia, with Gordon Gee,
the university’s president. Their
job was to persuade some of the
state’s most promising high
school students to stay home for
college, like they did, and not be
tempted by the glamour and mys-
tique of elite schools in faraway
states.
“I’ve joked about the fact that I
want to build a wall around West
Virginia and keep all the kids
here,” Dr. Gee said, chuckling. “A
state can’t flourish that can’t keep
its young people there.”
State-funded universities have
always striven to keep their
states’ brightest students at
home, knowing that many of those
who leave their communities will
never return. Now, as the pan-
demic erodes the economy and
civil unrest sweeps the country,
colleges are seeing renewed suc-
cess in their efforts to reverse
years of brain drain, with students
responding to a new focus on ba-
sics, like family and community,
over prestige.
New Jersey, a densely popu-
lated state in a region with many
college options, has been a big ex-
porter of college students. So this
spring, 10 public college and uni-
versity presidents dreamed up
the New Jersey Scholar Corps,
their version of a pandemic Peace
Corps. Their goal was to convince
New Jersey students studying in
other states to return, by offering
expedited application review and
volunteer opportunities.
At one of the 10, Montclair State
University, 16 students applied to
transfer back from out of state,
and half have accepted offers of
admission, with others in the
works. Overall, the in-state ac-
ceptance rate at Montclair State is
up almost 2 percent over last year.
“We are at the moment when
we can get the attention of fam-
ilies who historically overlooked
their in-state opportunities, and
perhaps begin to change the
mind-set,” said Joseph A. Bren-
nan, vice president of communica-
tions and marketing.
Since the pandemic began, the
University of Kansas has been
getting more transfer students
from other four-year institutions.
“In many instances, those are stu-
dents from Kansas who went
away to institutions who then are
coming back to Kansas,” Matt
Melvin, vice provost for enroll-
ment management, said. “We al-
ways see some of that, but it
seems more pronounced because
of the pandemic.”
In order to accommodate those
transfers, “who were really in
panic mode because their world
was turned upside down,” the uni-
versity has quietly and informally
made its deposit and scholarship
deadlines more flexible, Mr.
Melvin said.
The flip side, he said, is that
some of the university’s out-of-
state students are returning to
their home states. But while the
balance is in flux, he hopes that
Kansas will see a net gain because
it is perceived as a safe place,
where the incidence of infection
and death from the virus has been
relatively low.
What’s more, he said, most of
the university’s out-of-state stu-
dents live within a five to eight-
hour drive. “Even if we have a sec-
ond wave, God help us, many of
our students, even though they
are from out of state, can get
home,” he said.
Public universities like Kansas
and West Virginia have long
struggled to compete against
prestigious private schools that
heavily recruit students from ru-
ral states to increase their geo-
graphic, political and socioeco-
nomic diversity.
Historically, Harvard has low-
ered its minimum standardized
test scores for some students re-
cruited from what it calls “sparse
country” — 20 largely rural states
like Montana, South Dakota, Ala-
bama and, yes, West Virginia,
where few students tend to apply
to elite universities.
Dr. Gee said he knows that for
students focused on marquee
names, W.V.U. may not be the first
choice. But in his recruiting trips
all over the state on the private
plane leased by the university —
he tries to hit all 55 counties once a
year — he frames it as the right
choice if students want to serve
their communities.
“I want all of you to stay and
never cross that border, and I
want our young people to stay,” he
told the mayor, a pastor and other
pillars of the community who
gathered for a reception in his
honor in McDowell County on the
trip in November. “We are every-
one’s university.”
Sometimes his pitch succeeds,
Dr. Gee said, as with the young
man who called him from Boston
Logan International Airport a few
years ago to say that he did not
feel like he belonged when he vis-
ited Harvard.
Often it does not.
But Dr. Gee has leaned into his
usual outreach during the pan-
demic. “I have called every vale-
dictorian in the state, and I am
calling every student body presi-
dent right now,” he said last
month. “In a small state, I can do
that.”
Each week, he has also been
calling about 50 students who put
down deposits for the fall, just to
see if they had any concerns about
attending.
The pandemic, he says, has
played to West Virginia’s
strengths. “No one can say a pan-
demic is healthy,” he said. “But the
short and long-term trends for a
Georgia Beatty decided to stay in West Virginia for college instead of going to New York University.
place like West Virginia are going
to prove very positive. We have a
big academic medical center right
in the middle of campus. So we can
take care of those kids.”
Emilie Charles lives in Hunting-
ton, W.Va., an industrial city on the
Ohio River. She graduated this
spring from the regional high
school where, as a soccer player
Persuading students
to stay close to home
during a pandemic.
and aspiring pre-med student, she
was being courted by schools
from California to Florida.
Notre Dame, in Indiana, sent a
handwritten card, telling her why
the school liked her, and put her in
touch with students who could tell
her what a great place it was. But
those students seemed so differ-
PHOTOGRAPHS BY REBECCA KIGER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
West Virginia University, above and below left, is trying to per-
suade promising high school students to stay in the state. “I’ve
joked about the fact that I want to build a wall around West Vir-
ginia and keep all the kids here,” said Gordon Gee, left, the uni-
versity’s president, who calls every valedictorian in the state.
ent from her that they could not,
she said, tell her “what it would be
like for me, specifically.”
Pepperdine, in Malibu, Calif.,
sent her a note quoting a line
about her devotion to Christian
values, from her personal essay,
but she worried about going all
the way to the West Coast and
finding that the dormitories were
closed because of the virus.
The unstable economy made
her parents, both doctors, feel
more vulnerable, and the feeling
rubbed off on her. Then she won a
full-tuition scholarship to West
Virginia, and Dr. Gee personally
called to congratulate her. “I
thought that was really cool,” she
said. “I thought I would hate stay-
ing home, but now that I actually
have, it’s home.”
Family migration out of the
state has left West Virginia with a
shrinking number of students in
kindergarten through 12th grade.
The state also has a tradition of
working-class students graduat-
ing high school and going straight
into decent-paying jobs in the oil,
gas and coal industries, said
George Zimmerman, head of ad-
missions and recruitment at
W.V.U. Convincing some students
that higher education is worth it
has been a long-term challenge.
“We’re trying to inject a college-
going culture,” Mr. Zimmerman
said.
That was part of Dr. Gee’s mis-
sion when his plane landed in
Beckley, in the southwestern part
of the state, last fall. The seven
passengers switched to a van for
the hour-plus drive on winding
mountain roads to Welch, the
county seat.
The mountain scenery was
breathtaking, but cell reception
was often blocked in the steep hol-
lers, making Google Maps use-
less, so an experienced aide navi-
gated from memory. “This is
Trump country and coal country,”
Dr. Gee remarked, looking out at
the hillsides where houses
seemed to cling by their finger-
nails.
Brice Shumate, the student who
had never flown on a plane before,
was a native son; he grew up 10
minutes away from Welch. He was
excited to be headed to his former
high school, where his younger
sister was still a student.
Apart from a cousin who at-
tended W.V.U. for about half a se-
mester, Mr. Shumate said, he was
the first in his family to go to col-
lege. His father started working in
the coal mines at age 19, like most
of the men in his family. “I’ve got a
lot of respect for the work, but it
wasn’t what I wanted to do with
my life. I didn’t want to destroy my
body to make a living.”
David Laub, the book reader,
grew up in Martinsburg, an easy
drive to Washington and more
cosmopolitan than Welch. He was
raised to be a Jehovah’s Witness
missionary, but rebelled. He re-
ceived a full scholarship to West
Virginia. He had considered Duke,
he said, but it was too expensive.
Fears that the rising cost of col-
lege will keep students away from
higher education have risen with
the pandemic. A recent survey of
college and university presidents
by the American Council on Edu-
cation, a trade group, found that
maintaining fall or summer en-
rollment was their biggest con-
cern, followed by their long-term
financial viability.
For state residents, tuition and
fees at W.V.U. for 2019-20 were
about $9,000 a year, plus $10,000
in room and board. By compari-
son, Yale University estimates the
cost of attendance at $78,725 for
2020-21.
The price difference was a big
draw for Juliet Wanosky, who
grew up in Parkersburg, “an ev-
erybody-knows-everybody kind
of town,” she said, and was vale-
dictorian of her class this year.
Her father is a chemical engineer,
her mother a substitute school
secretary. She toured M.I.T., Car-
negie Mellon and Harvard before
the high sticker prices scared her
away from even applying.
She wishes she had applied, just
to see if she could get in, not be-
cause she would have gone there.
“The coronavirus pandemic has
definitely made me more confi-
dent in my decision to go to
W.V.U.,” she said.
The trend showed up in a sur-
vey W.V.U. took of incoming stu-
dents in May. It asked their par-
ents: “Has the Covid-19 crisis led
you to believe it’s important that
your student choose a school that
is closer to home?” It found that
39 percent of those from West Vir-
ginia said yes, compared to just 17
percent of parents from the sur-
rounding states of Ohio, Mary-
land, Pennsylvania and New Jer-
sey.
Some families don’t want their
children leaving the state or going
to schools with liberal reputations
because they worry it will change
them.
Georgia Beatty said she gave up
a spot at New York University in
favor of West Virginia, where she
is currently a senior, mainly be-
cause of the price difference. Now
she is determined to broaden her
opportunities by leaving the state
for graduate school.
But she has butted heads with
her grandfather, a retired police
officer, who believes that universi-
ties radicalize students, and that
going out of state will make it
worse, especially in this protest
era.
“There’s always been a distrust
in my family of higher education,”
she said. “I’m sort of the black
sheep.”
HIDDEN EMOTIONS
Mask On,
Smile Off.
Or Is It?
By JACEY FORTIN
As cities and states reopen
slowly after coronavirus lock-
downs, more people are stepping
out, cautiously, into a changed
world. If they are being careful not
to spread disease, they are also in
masks.
And that means many of us are
missing a small but important so-
cial lubricant: the smile.
In anxious times, we may want
to put neighbors, mail carriers,
store clerks and others at ease
with a casual smile. But if smiles
can’t be seen, how do you greet
people? How do you reassure
them? How do you flirt? Are there
workarounds — a squint, a head
tilt, a raised eyebrow?
It’s a conundrum that is stump-
ing many people who want to be
both responsible and friendly.
Coco Briscoe, 38, a comedian in
Los Angeles, wears a mask to
walk her dog, Daisy, and has been
thinking about how to show
friendliness to passing strangers.
“It’s like you’re both staring at
each other, and you’re smiling, but
they can’t see that you’re smiling,”
she said. “So it’s just a very awk-
ward interaction with people, and
I think it’s going to be that way for
a while.”
Dr. Josh Trebach, 30, an emer-
gency medicine physician at
Johns Hopkins Medicine in Balti-
more, misses the nonverbal cues
that used to make patients feel
comfortable. “I would want to
smile to assuage someone’s anxi-
ety, show interest or convey
warmth to let a patient know that
they could trust me,” he said.
“Suddenly, all of that was gone.”
“I’m almost a little bit over-ex-
pressive now,” Dr. Trebach added,
“to try and compensate for the
mask.”
Of course, not everyone is an
extroverted smiler, and some peo-
ple find face coverings liberating
— including women who are tired
of being told to smile on the street.
But masks not only hide grins:
They can make it harder to dis-
play a range of emotions including
discomfort, dismay or disdain.
Facial expressions of all kinds
are a very important component
of human interaction, said David
ALLEN G. BREED/ASSOCIATED PRESS
When no one can see a smile,
some people are improvising.
Matsumoto, a psychology profes-
sor at San Francisco State Univer-
sity and the director of Humintell,
a research company that trains
people to read nonverbal cues.
When we wear masks, “we’re
missing a major piece of that en-
tire communication package,” he
said. But, he added, people can
adapt their body language. They
can nod, for example. Or wave.
Jasmine Gregory, 29, of Win-
ston-Salem, N.C., said that wear-
ing a mask had prompted her to
put in a little extra effort. “You just
make more of an attempt to laugh,
show your emotions and say what
you’re thinking, rather than just
listening and nodding,” she said.
Ms. Gregory, a lawyer focusing
on family and juvenile law, feels
the limitations of masks acutely
when she is trying to put clients at
ease as they testify in court, she
said. That is already a scary expe-
rience for many people.
“There’s a lot of reassurance on
my end,” she said. “I’ll be actively
smiling so they can tell by my eyes
that I’m encouraging them and
telling them: ‘You’re doing just
fine.’ ”
For many, masks can make life
especially difficult. Many deaf
people rely on visual cues, like the
movement of another person’s
lips, to communicate. Masks can
hide that and muffle speech (but
versions with a window of clear
plastic can help). Racism can also
make mask-wearing a fraught ex-
perience; some black men have
voiced concerns about whether
they will be harassed if they wear
a face covering in public.
But masks are essential for
slowing the spread of Covid-19, es-
pecially indoors or in large
groups, experts say. So while
some might struggle with this
new glitch in communication, it’s
worth getting creative about sig-
nifying warmth.
“Other nonverbal cues can com-
pensate for the lack of a social
smile,” Dr. Matsumoto said.
Ms. Briscoe has been relying
more on verbal cues, like saying
“Hello!” or “How are you?” These
days, she said, strangers seem
much more willing to indulge in
small talk, as if they are starved
for human contact.

Tracking an Outbreak U.S. Fallout
TAKING PRECAUTIONS
Spikes in New Cases
Force Cities and States
To Rethink Reopening
This article is by Jack Healy,
Mitch Smith and Giulia McDonnell
Nieto del Rio.
DENVER — Soaring cases of
the coronavirus are forcing cities
and states across the country to
halt plans to restart their econo-
mies and even reimpose earlier
limits on public life, increasing
worries that premature reopen-
ings could lead to a second round
of closures.
In Texas, which reported a
record high of more than 5,000
new cases on Tuesday, the gover-
nor told local officials they could
restrict outdoor gatherings to 100
people and urged residents to stay
home. Maine officials called off
plans to allow bars to resume
serving drinks inside on July 1.
The governor of Kansas said ris-
ing cases showed that the state
was “not ready” to continue eas-
ing restrictions. And in parts of
central Idaho, where coronavirus
cases have exploded in recent
weeks, bars are shutting down
and gatherings of more than 50
people are again outlawed.
“We may have let our guard
down a little bit,” said Julie Gibbs,
the health officer in Riley County,
Kan., home to Kansas State Uni-
versity, where officials said they
would tighten restrictions on
large gatherings after the coun-
ty’s total virus cases increased by
50 percent over the past week.
With the number of new daily
cases now rising in more than half
of the United States, the debate
over whether to reimpose restric-
tions or push ahead with reopen-
ing is creating divides between
neighboring cities and states that
mirror the scattershot responses
that emerged as the country went
into lockdown this year.
“There’s very little appetite
among the American public to go
backwards,” said Michael Mina,
an assistant professor of epidemi-
ology at the Harvard T. H. Chan
School of Public Health. “As re-
openings started there were no
plans for what would constitute a
red flag to close things down. Peo-
ple just said, ‘We’re reopening, ev-
erything’s fine, let’s move
ahead.’ ”
But public health experts who
supported the original shutdowns
now worry that governments will
not be able to constrain the re-
Jack Healy reported from Denver,
Mitch Smith from Chicago and
Giulia McDonnell Nieto del Rio
from New York. David Mont-
gomery contributed reporting
from Austin, Texas.
CONGRESSIONAL HEARING
Health Experts, in Testimony, Sketch a Gloomy Picture of a Surging Virus
From Page A1
“mixed bag,” with some bright
spots, but also some dark ones
and many unknowns. Some states
like New York are “doing very
well” in controlling the spread of
the virus, but the surge in other
states is “very troublesome to
me,” he said.
“The next couple of weeks are
going to be critical in our ability to
address those surges that we are
seeing in Florida, in Texas, in Ari-
zona and other states,” Dr. Fauci
added.
Both he and Dr. Robert R. Red-
field, the director of the Centers
for Disease Control and Preven-
tion, warned of a dangerous situa-
tion looming this winter, when the
regular flu season will intersect
with the coronavirus, producing
what Dr. Fauci described as “two
respiratory-borne infections si-
multaneously confounding each
other.”
The hearing came as the nation
was still facing steep challenges in
dealing with the virus. There is
not nearly enough testing, and the
United States lacks sufficient con-
tact tracers to track down and iso-
late those who have come into
contact with infected people — a
critical step in controlling the vi-
rus’s spread, the experts agreed.
Admiral Giroir conceded that
even the 500,000 tests the country
was conducting daily were insuffi-
cient. And Dr. Redfield said that
the country had 28,000 contract
tracers, a fraction of the 100,000
he had previously said it would
need.
A coronavirus vaccine will not
be ready until at least the end of
this year or early 2021, Dr. Fauci
said, reiterating the timetable he
has given in the past. He said he
was “cautiously optimistic” about
meeting it.
He also pledged to lawmakers
that he would not allow any vac-
cine to go to market until it was
proved both safe and effective.
And even then, there may be dif-
surgent coronavirus with a bliz-
zard of shifting restrictions that
can change the moment a person
crosses a city limit or state line.
Hundreds of city, county and
state governments have created
their own reopening plans, each
with different “phases” of eco-
nomic reopening and each with
their rules for how many people
can gather at a party, what portion
of a restaurant’s tables can be full
and when people must wear
masks. The results can be a baf-
fling patchwork, and one that resi-
dents are left to navigate on their
own.
Much of the new tension over
the safety of reopening is playing
out in the West and South, where
the numbers are getting worse,
and has split along partisan lines.
The governors of Louisiana and
Oregon, both Democrats, recently
paused their plans to ease restric-
tions on businesses and public life,
saying it was not yet safe to more
fully reopen. And on Tuesday, Gov.
Jay Inslee of Washington ordered
most people to wear face cover-
ings in public.
“It is clear that Covid is alive
and well in Louisiana, and as we
see more people testing positive
and admitted to hospitals, we sim-
ply are not ready to move to the
next phase,” Gov. John Bel Ed-
wards said, noting that about 90
percent of new cases were coming
from spread in the community, not
within nursing homes or other
group living facilities.
But Republican governors in
Florida, Arizona, Texas and other
states grappling with rising daily
case levels have resisted the
prospect of locking down again.
Gov. Greg Abbott of Texas has
declined to require Texans to wear
masks and said that locking down
the state again would be a last re-
sort. But on Tuesday he urged res-
idents to stay home in an inter-
view with the television station
KBTX.
“Because the spread is so ramp-
ant right now, there is never a rea-
son for you to have to leave your
home unless you do need to go
out,” he said. “The safest place for
you is at your home.”
In Utah, Gov. Gary Herbert, a
Republican, said he had “no plans
to shut down Utah’s economy” af-
ter the state’s epidemiologist
warned that the “only viable op-
tion to manage spread and deaths
will be a complete shutdown” and
urged the governor to reimpose
tougher limits on public life.
Shelby County, Tenn., which in-
ferent vaccines for different popu-
lations, and some may require
booster shots.
In the meantime, the witnesses
said it was imperative for the na-
tion to stock up on masks and
other supplies.
The wide-ranging hearing,
which also featured Dr. Stephen
Hahn, the commissioner of food
and drugs, lasted more than five
hours. It veered from questions
about how universities and public
schools should handle reopening
— each school or district should
make its own assessment based
on the severity of its outbreak, Dr.
Fauci testified — to the mysteri-
ous cancellation of a $3 million re-
search grant for a group that was
studying the coronavirus in bats
in Wuhan, China, where the out-
break originated.
“It was canceled because the
N.I.H. was told to cancel it,” Dr.
Fauci said, referring to the Na-
tional Institutes of Health, without
further elaboration. “I don’t know
the reason, but we were told to
cancel it.”
Political posturing abounded,
as lawmakers of both parties tried
to prod the witnesses and espe-
cially Dr. Fauci — the only witness
who is not a political appointee of
the president’s — into making a
remark that might help or hurt Mr.
Trump. After mass protests for ra-
cial justice that have drawn huge
crowds and a campaign rally that
Mr. Trump held in Tulsa, Okla.,
last weekend despite public
health warnings, he gently sug-
gested that Americans needed to
do a better job of taking precau-
tions to reduce the virus’s spread.
“Plan A: Don’t go in a crowd,”
he said. “Plan B: If you do, make
sure you wear a mask.”
Shortly before the hearing be-
gan, Mr. Trump used Twitter to
complain that he was not getting
credit for his response to the vi-
rus, noting that Dr. Fauci, “who is
with us in all ways,” has “a very
high 72% Approval rating” —
much higher than the president’s,
THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
Clockwise from top: dining outdoors in Portland, Maine; counting customers as they enter a store in Kansas City, Kan.; and taking
drive-through orders in Kansas City. Officials in Maine have postponed easing restrictions, and limits are being reimposed in Kansas.
cludes Memphis, was poised to
ease its coronavirus restrictions
to “phase three” last week, allow-
ing businesses to operate at 75
percent of their normal capacity,
but county leaders reconsidered
as the number of active cases
grew to more than 2,000. Since the
start of the pandemic, about 8,000
people have been infected across
the county, and 165 have died.
“We ramped up to reopen too
quick,” said Tami Sawyer, a county
commissioner who has urged the
county to impose even tighter lim-
itations. “We weren’t ready.”
With guidance from govern-
ments hard to pin down, the bur-
den of deciding whether to stay
open or shut down again in the
face of a positive coronavirus test
is falling on individual businesses.
Restaurants, electronics retail-
ers, salons and bakeries across
Dr. Anthony S. Fauci told lawmakers on Tuesday that the coronavirus is not yet under control.
which stands around 41 percent.
In somber tones, all four of the
doctors testifying on Tuesday
made clear that the United States
was hardly out of danger. Despite
talk of a so-called second wave of
the pandemic, Dr. Fauci said the
nation was still in the middle of the
first wave. Dr. Redfield said the
crisis had “brought this nation to
its knees,” cautioning that when it
coincides with flu season this year,
hospitals and health workers
would face a tremendous strain.
Getting a flu shot, he said, would
be imperative.
“This single act will save lives,”
Dr. Redfield said.
Much of the talk during the
House hearing was about testing.
All four doctors contradicted the
president’s claim at his rally in
Tulsa that he had asked “my peo-
ple” to “slow the testing down” be-
cause increased screening was re-
vealing more infections, making
the country look bad. Each said he
knew of no such request.
KENDALL SHORT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
the country have been reopening
only to shut down weeks later af-
ter workers or customers report
illnesses — a pattern that busi-
ness owners fear will repeat itself
for months until there is a vaccine
or treatment for Covid-19.
In Arizona, Gila River Hotels &
Casinos announced on Thursday
that three reopened casinos would
close again for two weeks because
of rising coronavirus cases in the
state.
In Idaho, the Boise Fry Com-
pany decided to shut down its six
locations after an employee tested
positive for the coronavirus on
Sunday — a wrenching decision
after the business weathered
more than two months of being
closed and providing only takeout
service.
“We were just starting to have a
bit of momentum,” Blake Lingle,
“We are proceeding in just the
opposite — we want to do more
testing and of higher quality,” said
Admiral Giroir, who has been des-
ignated the “testing czar” by the
president. “The only way that we
will be able to understand who has
the disease, who is infected, and
can pass it, and to do appropriate
contact tracing is to test appropri-
ately, smartly — and as many peo-
ple as we can.”
Dr. Hahn pushed back against
the suggestion by Democrats that
the White House had pressured
the Food and Drug Administra-
tion in its handling of the malaria
drug hydroxychloroquine, which
Mr. Trump has promoted as a
treatment.
“I can tell you that I have not felt
political pressure, nor has the
F.D.A., to make any decision in
any specific direction,” Dr. Hahn
said.
The officials and lawmakers
also repeatedly returned to the
question of test positivity rates, an
the restaurant’s owner, said. By
Tuesday afternoon, three loca-
tions had opened yet again, and
workers were deep-cleaning oth-
ers.
But even as health officials im-
posed new restrictions on bars
and nightclubs in Boise, conserva-
tive state legislators met on Tues-
day to rail against what they
called an infringement of free-
doms because of the pandemic
limits. Idaho reported 242 new co-
ronavirus cases on Monday, its
highest single-day tally, according
to a New York Times database.
“What we’re seeing now is the
effects of our earlier phases of re-
opening,” said Ben Ridenhour, a
bio-mathematician and assistant
professor at the University of
Idaho who has modeled the vi-
rus’s course through the state.
“It’s a little bit scary. The models
AL DRAGO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
indicator that reveals the severity
of outbreaks more than a tally of
positive tests.
Mr. Trump and Vice President
Mike Pence have both promoted
an increase in testing as a reason
for the rising numbers around the
country, but Dr. Fauci at one point
on Tuesday said it was more com-
plicated than that. Referring to re-
cent increasing in positivity rates
in North Carolina and Arizona, he
said that they were a clear indica-
tion of “additional infections that
are responsible for those in-
creases.”
And both Dr. Fauci and Dr. Red-
field expressed concern about Mr.
Trump’s decision late last month
to withdraw from the World
Health Organization, saying that
they had maintained longstand-
ing relationships with the W.H.O.
even as the White House moved to
punish it over its relationship with
China.
Pressed by Congress to develop
a plan to address the dispropor-
N A9
GRETA RYBUS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
KENDALL SHORT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
are showing things are going to be
getting worse unless we do some-
thing to rectify the situation.”
In Maine, Dewey Hasbrouck
decided to impose his own restric-
tions at his restaurant, Moe’s
Original BBQ, by delaying when
he reopened the indoor dining
room. While Maine is again allow-
ing inside dining, Mr. Hasbrouck
said he was not ready to take that
step.
Just a week earlier, he closed
his two locations in South Port-
land and Bangor after a part-time
employee tested positive for the
coronavirus. He has reopened the
restaurants, but only for takeout
and catering, he said.
“We’re still learning every day,”
Mr. Hasbrouck said. “I want to
make sure that we’re doing it in
the safest way possible so I’m not
rushing it.”
tionate effect of the virus on racial
minorities, the administration an-
nounced it had created an initia-
tive to do so. Admiral Giroir said
that the Department of Health
and Human Services had started
a $40 million initiative at More-
house School of Medicine, a his-
torically black college in Atlanta,
to educate Americans in under-
served communities — including
Native American tribes — about
the coronavirus threat so that
they could have better access to
testing and treatment.
For the most part, the hearing
was calm and polite. But Dr. Fauci
grew testy when Representative
David B. McKinley, Republican of
West Virginia, asked him if he
thought the news media had
treated Mr. Trump unfairly — Dr.
Fauci declined to answer — and
whether he regretted not advising
people more forcefully to wear
masks earlier in the pandemic.
“OK, we’re going to play that
game,” Dr. Fauci said, seemingly
irked. Mr. McKinley said it was a
yes-or-no question.
“There is more than a yes or no,
by the tone of your question,” Dr.
Fauci shot back. “I do not regret
that. Let me explain to you what
happened. At that time, there was
a paucity of equipment that our
health care providers needed who
put themselves daily in harm’s
way of taking care of people who
are ill.”
Dr. Fauci himself brought two
masks to the hearing, a black one
that he wore for the first few hours
and a red one emblazoned with lo-
gos of the Washington Nationals
baseball team, of which he told the
panel he was “an avid fan.”
Questioned about Mr. Trump’s
refusal to wear a mask, Dr. Fauci
did not directly criticize the presi-
dent, but he delivered a veiled re-
buke, telling lawmakers that it
was important for public officials
like him to wear face masks, “not
only because I want to protect oth-
ers and to protect myself, but also
to set an example.”
A10 WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020

‘We’re Going to Kill All of You’: Ethnic Violence Plagues Burkina Faso
Terrorists, Bandits
And Soldiers All Aim
At Civilian Villages
By RUTH MACLEAN
KONGOUSSI, Burkina Faso — Market
day was in full swing when soldiers sped
into the northern town of Taouremba, fir-
ing in the air, as their drone buzzed over-
head. They herded the men into the cen-
tral marketplace, residents said, letting
the women run home.
A soldier began reading names from a
tablet computer, and those who were
called forward were told to strip, then
tied up with their own clothes and
thrown into a pickup truck. When some
men tried to hide in the crowd, two in-
formants in hoods and veils pointed
them out. One man was shot on the spot.
Later, according to accounts from wit-
nesses and human rights advocates, the
bodies of the 13 abducted villagers were
dumped just outside of town.
Over the past four years, Burkina Faso
has fallen into chaos, with gunmen rob-
bing, killing and threatening some of the
poorest citizens in this landlocked West
African nation, and causing 850,000 to
flee their homes.
Some of the gunmen are terrorists,
loosely allied with the Islamic State or Al
Qaeda.
Some are bandits.
Some are vigilantes.
It is seldom spoken of, and the govern-
ment denies it, but some are soldiers in
Burkina Faso’s armed forces.
In the name of ridding their country of
Islamist extremists and bandits, govern-
ment security forces are now killing
about as many people as jihadists do, ac-
cording to interviews with human rights PHOTOGRAPHS BY FINBARR O’REILLY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
campaigners and a security analyst.
At least 2,000 people are thought to
have been killed in Burkina Faso in the
last 18 months, though such counts are
woefully incomplete, partly because the
government passed a law prohibiting
journalists from reporting on anything
that could “demoralize” defense forces.
I went to Burkina Faso with a photog-
rapher in March and drove to the far
north, where violence was still occur-
ring, to reach refugee camps and vigi-
lante outposts. I was looking for the vic-
tims of military abuses, seeking to docu-
ment both recent attacks and those from
as far back as 2018 — like the one on mar-
ket day in Taouremba.
Across the Sahel — a vast stretch of
land just south of the Sahara — military
violence against civilians has surged in
recent months, according to new reports
by international security and human
rights groups. Soldiers in Mali and Niger,
countries to Burkina Faso’s north, are
also carrying out targeted killings, a re- all over the country.
cent United Nations report shows. They do not always try to hide their
Such abuses are strengthening the killing.
hand of militants who portray them- One such vigilante leader, Moise
selves as defenders of the people, en- Kinda, unapologetically described how
abling them to expand their influence soldiers around Kongoussi, his sleepy
even further across the Sahel, where hometown, kill people, dumping their
French and American forces have been bodies at roadsides. He was incredulous
struggling for years to help African at the suggestion that people suspected
troops defeat the insurgents. of collaborating with terrorists should be
The soldiers’ attacks have shocked the arrested and prosecuted, rather than
people of Burkina Faso, renowned summarily killed.
throughout West Africa for their kind- “If they were in prison, we’d have to
ness and hospitality. feed them and give them water, and their
When the country’s revered revolu- friends might come and attack the pris-
tionary leader Thomas Sankara aban- on,” he said, reading glasses tucked into
doned its colonial name, Upper Volta, 35 his shirt.
years ago, he chose a new name to live up In his office in the capital, Simon Com-
to. Burkina Faso, a country of 20 million paoré, the president of the ruling party, a
people about the size of Colorado, means former secretary of state and mayor of
the Land of Upright Men, and many resi- Ouagadougou, said, “I don’t want to hear
dents try to embody that spirit. these people telling me human rights,
A few years ago, which religion or eth- human rights.”
nic group a person belonged to mattered He denied that the military and allied
little. It was even odd if someone asked. vigilantes were targeting the Fulani.
Mossis — Burkina Faso’s majority ethnic Some people left Taouremba after the
group — married Fulanis all the time. 2018 attack. Others stayed, thinking the
The last name Dicko — a Fulani name soldiers must be satisfied, as all the peo-
common in the north — wasn’t some- ple whose names they had called had
thing that could get its bearer killed. been killed. But in May 2019, soldiers ar-
In much of the country, that has rived again. This time, they took 33 men.
changed. The villagers said they found only 28 of
Just before the soldiers zipped out of their bodies.
Taouremba on motorbikes and in pick- Taouremba’s marketplace now sits
ups bearing their bound captives, in the Refugee camps in northern Burkina Faso, top, middle left and above. Members of the Fulani ethnic group have fled empty. Nobody lives in its houses. The
October 2018 attack, the soldiers were millet field that the man with the embroi-
their homes after raids by “unidentified gunmen,” who can consist of Islamic State or Al Qaeda affiliates, vigilantes or
heard accusing the Fulani villagers of dered cap hid in is fallow.
wanting to chase all the Mossi out.
military forces. Middle right, the shadows of three men who said they survived a raid in the town of Taouremba. Its surviving residents are scattered
“We’re going to kill all of you,” one resi- around the country, in camps or other
dent said he heard a soldier say. were as important as religion. Interna- the middle of areas where there is a dis- count confirmed by village elders. She people’s homes. Some women have
Like all the victims of military abuses tional terrorist groups trying to expand cernible presence of security forces,” fled to a camp in the central town of Kon- walked back a few times, to see what’s
interviewed for this story, the resident their influence from Mali into neighbor- said Corinne Dufka, West Africa director goussi. left. Only women can take this risk, since
asked for anonymity, terrified that the ing Burkina Faso found young Fulani for Human Rights Watch. “The jihadists When, in March, the government they are not usually targeted.
state would find him and exact revenge. men easy to recruit. just can’t do that.” blamed “unidentified gunmen” for Terrified people pour out of the coun-
Their accounts were confirmed in inter- Attacks by government forces on vil- Retaliation is often the military’s mo- killing 43 people, including a 90-year-old tryside seeking safety.
views with other villagers and human lages like Taouremba have eroded any tive, researchers said. Insurgents have blind man, in three Fulani villages, Fula- Not many make it to the capital, Oua-
rights researchers. loyalty left. killed and mutilated soldiers in recent ni rights activists had enough. gadougou, where life continues as if the
Although they only make up about 8 “I always respected the government months — so their comrades lash out at The government knew who was re- country weren’t facing its largest dis-
percent of the national population, the — I was even proud of it,” said a herds- villages suspected of harboring or sup- sponsible, said Daouda Diallo, secretary- placement crisis ever.
Fulani, traditionally nomadic herders, man and farmer from Taouremba. “But porting jihadists. general of the Collective Against Impuni- The government doesn’t want the
are in the majority in Burkina Faso’s now I hate hearing that word.” But there is no proof that the villagers ty and Community Stigma, a local human newly homeless descending on Oua-
northern region, the epicenter of the vio- He said he escaped the soldiers by ly- they kill are collaborators. They get no rights organization. gadougou. Maintaining the Oua-
lence. The village of Taouremba lies in ing down and hiding in a millet field, but trials — just summary executions. Sev- “As well as being a lie, this statement gadougou bubble is a political strategy
this area. when they had gone, he had to go find his eral witnesses described seeing bodies makes the government complicit in eth- by the ruling party to avoid alienating
The current government came to friends’ bodies. He agreed to be inter- surrounding the northern city of Djibo, nic cleansing,” Mr. Diallo said. voters ahead of November’s election, an-
power after an uprising brought Presi- viewed only at night. where reports in April said security That attack, he said, was carried out alysts say.
dent Blaise Compaoré’s 27-year rule to “The government is traumatizing peo- forces killed 31 people. by volunteer vigilantes. These groups If they walk far enough, displaced peo-
an abrupt end in 2014. Led by Roch ple,” he said. “It’s what pushes people to Confusion often seems to work in the sprang up to fight crime, but many vigi- ple can get to the old Burkina Faso, that
Kaboré, once prime minister under Mr. sign up to the armed groups.” perpetrators’ favor. lantes now serve as military informants country of hospitality and integration.
Compaoré, the government is dominated He and other villagers said they had Jihadists often exchange their short and accompany soldiers on operations, In much of the south, it still exists.
by the Mossi. no idea why they were attacked. pants for army combat uniforms. Sol- armed with handmade hunting guns and Communities hold meetings to discuss
Over the years, Fulanis have had little But they knew very well who was re- diers sometimes put on turbans and san- long knives. In January the government how to care for their countrymen fleeing
political power in Burkina Faso. Their sponsible: soldiers. That day, people dals for attacks, their victims said. passed a law giving some vigilantes offi- from the north. Village leaders give new
communities have felt neglected by suc- near a military base 20 miles away saw That way, they fall into the category of cial status, two weeks of training and a arrivals food and farming land.
cessive governments. the military’s distinctive gray pickups what the government, the press and firearm. But some of the displaced have been
When an Islamic preacher harnessed leave in a convoy in the direction of even victims call “unidentified gunmen.” One mostly Mossi vigilante network through too many attacks to fathom
Fulani anger over a decade ago, railing Taouremba. They telephoned their Unidentified gunmen showed up on called the Koglweogo is notorious for a starting again, including survivors of the
against the government on local radio, a friends there to warn them. Safiata Sayore’s doorstep six months massacre of Fulanis in Yirgou in January Taouremba killings.
movement was born. It was called Militants could never have moved in ago. “Salaam alaykum,” they said — “We 2019, in which the Collective Against Im- “I don’t want to belong to this country
Ansaroul Islam, which means Defenders broad daylight like that. come in peace.” Then she said they punity said more than 200 people were anymore,” said one man, mourning the
of Islam, but locals say social grievances “They’re driving in huge convoys in opened fire, killing her brother, an ac- killed. There are vigilante units and spies friends he had lost.

On Eve of U.S.M.C.A., White House Rethinks Canadian Tariffs Singapore
By ANA SWANSON
WASHINGTON — The Trump
administration is weighing re-
imposing tariffs on Canadian alu-
minum over concerns about rising
exports to the United States, a
move that would strain ties and
possibly incite Canadian retalia-
tion just as a revised North Ameri-
can trade deal goes into effect.
The tariffs would revive a bitter
fight that complicated efforts to
complete the United States-Mex-
ico-Canada-Agreement, which
goes into effect on July 1. To pave
the way for that pact, the Trump
administration agreed to drop tar-
iffs it had imposed on aluminum
and steel from Canada and Mex-
ico but retained the right to re-
instate levies if it observed a spike
in metal imports.
Imports of raw Canadian alu-
minum into the United States
have increased since that agree-
ment was signed. But Matt
Meenan of the Aluminum Associ-
ation, which represents U.S. and
foreign-based companies that
make up the vast majority of the
industry, said the uptick was con-
sistent with historical trends and
“not particularly surprising given
market fundamentals.”
“We don’t think it warrants go-
ing back to the drawing board on
all of this stuff — and certainly not
a week before implementing
U.S.M.C.A.,” Mr. Meenan said.
Several companies that make
aluminum in the United States
have asked for greater protection.
But business groups that have
long opposed the tariffs were
quick to criticize the move, saying
the United States risked inciting
another trade war at a critical mo-
ment.
“Bringing back these tariffs
would be like a bad horror movie,”
said Neil Herrington, the senior
vice president for the Americas at
the U.S. Chamber of Commerce.
“Canada will surely retaliate
against U.S. exports. This is the
wrong way to mark the entry into
force of the new North American
free trade agreement on July 1.”
President Trump imposed tar-
iffs on foreign steel and aluminum
in 2018, an effort to shelter manu-
facturers like U.S. Steel and Cen-
tury Aluminum. But the tariffs,
which were imposed on national
security grounds, rankled close
American allies.
Last May, the Trump adminis-
tration agreed to exempt Canada
and Mexico from the tariffs, a con-
cession that ultimately helped
bring to a close negotiations over
revising the North American Free
Trade Agreement. The deal con-
tained a provision that allowed the
United States to again raise tariffs
in the event of a surge in imported
products. The countries promised
to carry out consultations if a
surge occurred, and if those were
not successful, the governments
could impose a tariff of 25 percent
on steel products or 10 percent on
aluminum products.
Inquiry Confirms ‘Open Secret’ of Harasser on Australia’s Top Court
By DAMIEN CAVE
and ISABELLA KWAI
SYDNEY, Australia — For
years there were private whispers
and warnings from young women
about a pattern of abuse by one of
Australia’s most powerful men —
a judge on the country’s highest
court.
Now, an internal court inquiry
has found that the judge, Dyson
Heydon, had indeed sexually har-
assed at least six young women on
his staff, reigniting #MeToo out-
rage in a secretive, proudly mas-
culine country where many wom-
en are still calling for a fuller reck-
oning.
The findings led Chief Justice
Susan Kiefel to issue a statement
Monday confirming the investiga-
tion’s conclusions. “We are
ashamed that this could have hap-
pened at the High Court of Aus-
tralia,” she said. “We have made a
sincere apology to the six women
whose complaints were borne
out.”
The inquiry has cast a harsh
spotlight on the relationship be-
tween senior judges and often-
younger associates, who are top-
level law graduates chosen for
their promise and placed under in-
tense pressure in situations where
power flows one way. The investi-
gation also laid bare what many
Australian lawyers have de-
scribed as a male-dominated and
insular culture where harassment
is rife and speaking up costly.
Though nonstatutory and lack-
ing the ability to mete out punish-
ment for the now-retired Mr. Hey-
don, the internal findings have al-
ready prompted promises of re-
form. Chief Justice Kiefel said the
investigation, led by Vivienne
Thom, a former inspector-general
of intelligence and security, in-
cluded a series of recommenda-
tions that would be adopted by the
High Court. But many of them
have more to do with training as-
sociates than powerful justices.
Through his lawyers, Mr. Hey-
don, 77, who retired in 2013, has
denied “any allegation of preda-
tory behavior or breaches of the
law,” according to a statement.
Though he apologized if “any con-
duct of his has caused offense,” the
statement added that the offense
had been “inadvertent and unin-
A steel plant in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario. The Trump administration is considering reimposing tariffs on Canadian aluminum.
U.S. officials have tried to per-
suade their Canadian counter-
parts to voluntarily restrain ex-
ports. Those discussions included
a call on Friday between Kirsten
Hillman, Canada’s ambassador to
the United States, and senior offi-
cials with the Office of the United
States Trade Representative.
U.S. officials told the Canadians
that if the situation was left unre-
solved, the United States planned
to move ahead with restrictions
on Canadian aluminum as of July
1, according to people familiar
with the discussions.
The Office of the United States
Trade Representative did not re-
spond to requests for comment.
Speaking at a virtual event on
Tuesday, Ms. Hillman said that
discussions were continuing over
the issue, and that Canada firmly
believed that their aluminum ex-
ports were not “hurting the U.S.
market in any way.”
“We’re emphasizing with our
American friends the fact that we
have this deep, mutually support-
ive industry, and that far from be-
ing harmful to the American alu-
minum sector, our aluminum ex-
ports are indeed a great help and
benefit,” Ms. Hillman said.
The return to tensions with
Canada comes at a particularly
delicate moment, as the Trump
administration prepares to usher
in its signature North American
trade deal.
The revised pact fulfills a key
An internal court inquiry has found that a judge, Dyson Heydon,
sexually harassed at least six young women on his staff.
tended.”
The statement also noted that
the inquiry had not been con-
ducted by a lawyer, judge or tri-
bunal member and had not al-
lowed Mr. Heydon’s representa-
tives to cross-examine those who
made the complaints.
His response has created an ex-
traordinary standoff between the
chief justice and Mr. Heydon, a
former colleague and conserva-
tive appointee who served as a
justice on the High Court for a dec-
ade and who had long been re-
spected as one of the country’s
foremost legal authorities. The in-
quiry started in March 2019 after
two of the judge’s former associ-
ates notified Chief Justice Kiefel
that they had been harassed.
But the pattern of alleged abuse
stretched back years. Many of the
details were first revealed on
Monday in an article by The Syd-
ney Morning Herald, which
started reporting on Mr. Heydon
three years ago, when two former
associates shared their stories
with investigative reporters.
One former legal assistant,
Chelsea Tabart, said that in 2012,
on her first day working for Mr.
Heydon, he suggested they stop
for a drink after an office dinner.
He took her to a private room at a
prestigious club, she said, and put
his hand on her thigh. She was 22
at the time.
Another former associate,
Rachael Patterson Collins, said
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
campaign promise for Mr. Trump
by updating the quarter-century-
old NAFTA with stronger protec-
tions for workers and new rules to
encourage auto manufacturing in
North America. It also contains a
provision that was expected to
bolster the continent’s metals pro-
duction, by requiring least 70 per-
cent of the steel and aluminum an
automaker purchases to originate
in North America.
But in a congressional hearing
last week, Mr. Trump’s top trade
official indicated that the United
States was readying challenges in
areas where it believed Canada
and Mexico might not be in com-
pliance with the new agreement,
including over Mexico’s treat-
ment of labor issues and biotech-
nology products.
“There are a number of things
we’re looking at that are quite
troubling,” the official, Robert E.
Lighthizer, told the House Ways
and Means Committee last
Wednesday. “One of the reasons I
wanted to get this into effect on
July 1 was so we could start en-
forcing it.”
Mark A. A. Warner, a Canadian
and United States trade lawyer,
said the dispute had arisen in part
because “surge” was not clearly
defined in the agreement the
three countries reached.
Tariffs on Canadian aluminum
would be a “setback,” Mr. Warner
said, but that “shouldn’t derail the
Canada-U.S. relative trade dé-
JOEL CARRETT/AUSTRALIAN ASSOCIATED PRESS
that in 2005, when she was 26, Mr.
Heydon made repeated advances
toward her — on one occasion ask-
ing if he could kiss her.
When she later asked him why,
as a married man, he was behav-
ing this way, she said he replied,
“Because you’re beautiful.”
The Herald’s reporters went on
to tally numerous accusations of
predatory behavior by Mr. Hey-
don from several other women, in-
cluding claims of stalking and
forcible touching.
One judge said he once slid his
hand between her thighs at a pro-
fessional law dinner.
In another case, Noor Blumer, a
Canberra lawyer and former pres-
ident of the ACT Law Society who
was seated next to Mr. Heydon at
a University of Canberra event in
April 2013, said he groped her un-
der the table before later trying to
kiss her without her consent in an
empty room. According to the Uni-
versity of Canberra, Mr. Heydon
was asked to leave the event after
a student also complained about
“inappropriate behavior” that
same evening.
“I was upset and disgusted by it
all,” Ms. Blumer told The Sydney
Morning Herald. Ms. Blumer de-
clined to comment further when
reached by phone.
Prime Minister Scott Morrison
said on Tuesday that the accusa-
tions against Mr. Heydon were
“very disturbing and very con-
tente leading up to the November
election.”
“It’s probably not in Canada’s
interest to react in a way that
makes it a bigger target for a cor-
nered, mercurial president in
search of new ways to return to
his ‘golden oldies,’ ” Mr. Warner
said.
The tariffs have plenty of critics
among the many industries that
use aluminum to make other prod-
ucts, including cars, boats and
beer kegs. Much of the aluminum
industry, which is composed of
multinational companies with op-
erations around the world, also
opposes the levies.
Two companies with U.S. alu-
minum production, Century Alu-
minum and Magnitude 7 Metals,
have urged the administration to
reimpose tariffs.
In May, the American Primary
Aluminum Association, which
represents the two companies,
sent a letter to Mr. Lighthizer and
Wilbur Ross, the commerce secre-
tary, saying that an import surge
from Canada was threatening the
viability of their business.
“The surge of Canadian metal
has a caused the price to collapse
and is endangering the future via-
bility of the U.S. primary indus-
try,” the letter said.
Only a handful of aluminum
smelters, which produce raw alu-
minum out of bauxite, still operate
in the United States. In April, the
aluminum giant Alcoa idled a
cerning.” Some lawmakers have
called for the former justice to be
stripped of awards such as Com-
panion of the Order of Australia,
awarded to Australians of merit.
But Mr. Morrison said it was too
soon to make such a decision, add-
ing that there should be “proper
processes” to determine whether
such honors should be revoked.
The evidence so far suggests
that Mr. Heydon was known to be
a threat to women for much of his
career, including his years serving
on the High Court from 2003 to
2013, but he was never held ac-
countable.
Josh Bornstein, a lawyer for
three of Mr. Heydon’s former asso-
ciates, told reporters with the
Australian Broadcasting Corpora-
tion that “hundreds” in the indus-
try had known about Mr. Heydon’s
behavior. He said that the justice’s
actions had “annihilated” the
women’s career aspirations. All
three clients have abandoned
their legal ambitions because of
their experience with Mr. Heydon,
he said.
The judge had stood at the peak
of a deeply hierarchical profes-
sion, Mr. Bornstein said, and for
his accusers, harassment arrived
A retired judge denies
allegations and casts
doubt on proceedings.
with their first job at the bottom of
the industry. “That shattered their
passion and their faith in the law,”
he said.
Now, he added, his clients are
seeking claims for compensation
for the harm they suffered as a re-
sult of the harassment.
Many Australian women — law-
yers and others — said on Tues-
day that they hoped the inquiry
and its fallout would help other
women come forward, but they
also worried that the fall of one
powerful figure would not be
enough to create the deeper
changes that they say are needed.
“Based on what’s been re-
ported, this was an open secret,
IAN WILLMS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
smelter in Ferndale, Wash., say-
ing that production there was “un-
competitive” based on current
market conditions.
Aluminum production is hugely
energy intensive, and the indus-
try has gradually migrated from
the United States toward Canada,
Iceland, Russia, the United Arab
Emirates and other countries with
ample petroleum, hydroelectric or
geothermal power. China, which
heavily subsidizes aluminum pro-
duction, is also a major global
producer.
Since aluminum is vital for pro-
ducing planes, cars and other
products, the Trump administra-
tion has seen this exodus of alu-
minum smelters as a threat to na-
tional security, though critics of
that view say the United States
has a ready and secure supply of
aluminum in its ally, Canada.
In a congressional hearing with
Mr. Lighthizer last week, Repre-
sentative Suzan DelBene, Demo-
crat of Washington, said that clos-
ing the Alcoa smelter had put 700
people in her district out of work
and she urged the administration
to step up its efforts to address
Chinese overcapacity.
“It’s something we’re working
on,” Mr. Lighthizer said. “The
president did take a bold step
when he put tariffs on. And the
problem unfortunately is not just
China, right, as you know well, it’s
also a problem with Canada that
we’re working on.”
and that speaks to a fundamen-
tally toxic culture,” said Nina Fun-
nell, a longtime advocate for sexu-
al assault survivors in Australia.
“Cultural change takes a huge
amount of time and labor, and
while cases like this absolutely re-
focus people and highlight the
need for that labor, the headlines
themselves actually don’t produce
the cultural change.”
The problems within Australia’s
legal profession have been well
known for years. In a 2013 survey
by the Law Council of Australia,
one in six female respondents in-
dicated they had experienced in-
appropriate behavior in the work-
place.
“Since then, there has been
more research saying it’s even
more than that,” said Pauline
Wright, the president of the Law
Council. “It’s actually closer to one
in two.”
Hopefully, Ms. Wright said, the
High Court inquiry would restore
some credibility to the profession.
“What people need to understand,
and what they can take away from
this, is that when they complain
about something in the legal pro-
fession, they will be treated with
respect,” Ms. Wright said. “They
will be taken seriously.”
Still, many obstacles remain.
Australia’s defamation laws
heavily favor plaintiffs and have
kept many accusations of har-
assment hidden in reporters’ files
for fear of a costly lawsuit. Com-
plaints to state bar associations
have frequently gone nowhere.
Spurred by the investigation’s
recommendations, the court has
agreed to clarify that confidential-
ity agreements for legal assist-
ants relate only to the work of the
court and make clear that their
duties do not extend to an obliga-
tion to attend social functions.
“I’d be cautious celebrating too
soon because we haven’t changed
the structural barriers — such as
changing community attitudes,
which are still steeped in victim
blaming — or having reporting
mechanisms which are well func-
tioning and swift and we haven’t
done anything yet about defama-
tion,” Ms. Funnell said.
“It’s almost the exception that
proves the rule,” she added. “It’s
one old goat.”
N A11
Goes Ahead
With Election
In Pandemic
By HANNAH BEECH
BANGKOK — Prime Minister
Lee Hsien Loong of Singapore an-
nounced on Tuesday that the city-
state would hold the first elections
in Southeast Asia since the coro-
navirus pandemic began.
The elections are scheduled for
July 10, and Parliament was dis-
solved on Tuesday to begin the
electoral process.
In a televised speech Tuesday,
Mr. Lee acknowledged the pan-
demic’s devastating effect on a
country that is, more than most,
dependent on a globalized world
for its economic security.
“A long struggle lies ahead,” Mr.
Lee said. “Singapore has not yet
felt the full economic fallout from
Covid-19, but it is coming.”
Unemployment will go up, Mr.
Lee cautioned, adding that “exter-
nal uncertainties,” such as the
coming American elections and
simmering tensions between the
United States and China, further
complicated the outlook for Singa-
pore.
“To overcome these challenges,
we must stand completely united
as one people,” Mr. Lee said. “An
election now, when things are rel-
atively stable, will clear the decks
and give the new government a
fresh five-year mandate.”
Elections have to be held by
April 2021, and some opposition
lawmakers have advised against
conducting them while pandemic
regulations make normal cam-
EPA, VIA SHUTTERSTOCK
Prime Minister Lee Hsien
Loong called for elections while
“things are relatively stable.”
paigning impossible. Singapore
has criminalized the breaching of
its strict social-distancing meas-
ures.
Shaking hands will not be al-
lowed during the nine-day cam-
paign period, nor will political ral-
lies, according to the Singaporean
electoral authority.
“There is no need to rush into
organizing one so soon, especially
as the country continues to record
hundreds of new daily coro-
navirus cases,” Teddy Baguilat Jr.,
the executive director of ASEAN
Parliamentarians for Human
Rights and a former Philippine
member of Parliament, said in a
statement.
In the early months of the pan-
demic, Singapore successfully sti-
fled most local transmission
through a meticulous contact-
tracing program. But the coro-
navirus made its way into dormi-
tories where hundreds of thou-
sands of foreign workers live in
communal quarters. As of Tues-
day, the country had recorded
more than 42,400 cases of the co-
ronavirus, most within the foreign
worker community.
Singaporean leaders point out
that the country has suffered only
26 deaths and that the relatively
high caseload is more a function of
comprehensive testing than of
runaway transmission. Most
cases are asymptomatic or very
mild.
In his speech on Tuesday, Mr.
Lee noted that there was only one
patient currently in intensive
care. The rate of new cases has de-
clined in recent days, and Singa-
pore has relaxed some of its lock-
down measures.
Nevertheless, the pandemic
has weighed heavily on the coun-
try, which is disproportionately
reliant on the international net-
works that the coronavirus has
disrupted. Its economy could con-
tract by 5.8 percent this year, ac-
cording to a survey by the Mone-
tary Authority of Singapore.
The People’s Action Party — co-
founded by Mr. Lee’s father, Lee
Kuan Yew, who was prime min-
ister from 1959 to 1990 — has gov-
erned Singapore since before it
separated from Malaysia to be-
come an independent nation in
1965. It is expected to win the com-
ing elections, as well.
Mr. Lee, 68, has been prime
minister since 2004 and has had
cancer twice.
“This general election,” he said,
“will be like no other that we have
experienced.”
A12 N THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
In Fight to Ban Dog Meat, China’s Activists Find an Ally: The Coronavirus
Using a Crisis
To Change Laws
By AMY QIN
For years, animal rights activ-
ists in China have lobbied policy-
makers, organized education
drives and staged protests to per-
suade the government and the
public to support banning the eat-
ing of dogs and cats. They scored
few concrete wins.
The coronavirus, which spread
from a food market in China,
changed everything.
After the national government
suspended the sale of wildlife in
February, the southern Chinese
cities of Shenzhen and Zhuhai be-
came the first in the country to
ban the consumption of cats and
dogs. Last month, the Ministry of
Agriculture, in a major step, re-
moved dogs from its list of ap-
proved domesticated livestock,
referring to dogs for the first time
as “companion animals.”
Even in the southern Chinese
city of Yulin, a dog meat festival
that has long courted controversy
opened on Sunday to less fanfare
than in past years, as fears of the
virus kept revelers away.
“We have been working on this
issue for years, but the govern-
ment kept passing the buck,” said
Cynthia Zhang, a Guangzhou-
based animal rights activist. “So
we are using the epidemic as an
opportunity to try to push through
as much legislation as possible.”
It’s long-fought validation for a
loose but fast growing network of
local animal rights activists.
While China’s practice of eating
dog meat has received global at-
tention from celebrities including
the British comedian Ricky Ger-
vais and the American reality tele-
vision star Lisa Vanderpump, an
often overlooked group of animal
activists and pet lovers has been
the on-the-ground force for
change in communities and cities
across the country. They have suc-
ceeded despite growing pushback
from nationalistic critics who say
that eating dog meat is a Chinese
tradition, no different than the
American love of turkey.
The animal activists have man-
aged to carve out a space for their
work in a country where advocacy
and dissent have rapidly shriv-
eled under China’s leader Xi Jin-
ping. While human rights lawyers
and women’s rights activists are
regularly targeted by the Commu-
nist Party, animal protection is
seen as a relatively fringe issue
and less menacing to the party —
giving activists more room to ma-
neuver.
Over the years, they have peti-
tioned lawmakers and set up ani-
mal shelters. Some of the more
zealous players have intercepted
trucks carrying dogs for slaughter
and lobbied on the steps of gov-
ernment agencies. At least a few
hundred formal and informal
groups across the country are es-
timated to be working on animal
protection issues.
It remains to be seen how the
new guidelines will be enforced.
China still lacks national laws ban-
ning animal cruelty and the con-
sumption of dogs and cats — all of
which activists say are crucial to
fully eliminating the practice.
But their efforts have received
tacit backing from the fast-grow-
ing number of pet owners in
China, drawn mostly from the
country’s booming middle class.
One recent survey conducted by
local animal associations found
that there were 55 million pet dogs
in China last year, up 8 percent
from the year before. As their le-
gions have grown, so too has sup-
port for banning dog meat con-
sumption.
“The younger generation of
Chinese is more international,
they have more universal values,”
said Qin Xiaona, founder of Bei-
jing’s Capital Animal Welfare As-
sociation. “The officials are get-
ting younger, too.”
One activist, Qi Qi, 37, started
pressing the issue in 2014 when
Bella Huang contributed report-
ing.
2 Die as Suicide Bomber in Somalia Targets Major Turkish Military Base
By HUSSEIN MOHAMED
and ABDI LATIF DAHIR
MOGADISHU, Somalia — Two
people were killed after a suicide
bomber detonated his explosives
outside Turkey’s largest overseas
military base in Mogadishu on
Tuesday, Somali officials said, the
latest reminder of Somalia’s
struggle to curb the deadly at-
tacks that have haunted the coun-
try for years.
The attack, which bears the
hallmarks of the Shabab terrorist
group, was carried out just before
9 a.m. as recruits lined up for en-
listment at Camp Turksom, where
hundreds of Somali soldiers are
trained and the new enrollment of
dozens was underway.
The bomber posed as a poten-
tial recruit, but when he refused to
Hussein Mohamed reported from
Mogadishu, and Abdi Latif Dahir
from Nairobi, Kenya.
she answered a call for help on so-
cial media from volunteers who
had intercepted a truck with hun-
dreds of dogs on the outskirts of
Beijing. Over two days, Ms. Qi
helped care for the dogs as the vol-
unteers negotiated with police
and the driver to hand over the an-
imals. Ms. Qi went on to partici-
pate in about 20 truck rescues,
though not all were as successful.
Recently, Ms. Qi and her hus-
band have shifted their focus to
raising awareness. The couple re-
cently opened a cafe in a trendy
Beijing shopping mall where they
host talks about animal protection
and donate a portion of their pro-
ceeds to local trap-neuter-release
efforts. This month, when a truck
full of dogs was intercepted in
A dog meat festival in Yulin in 2018. Fears over the pandemic led to much smaller crowds this year.
respond to the commands of
guards, they shot at him, authori-
ties said. The explosion killed one
recruit and a bystander, said a So-
mali government spokesman, Is-
mael Mukhtar Omar.
A website linked to the Shabab
reported that the group had taken
responsibility for the attack, and
the terrorist organization has pre-
viously carried out similar attacks
against the Somali government
and Turkish interests in Somalia.
“The process of the recruitment
was not a secret,” Mr. Omar said,
“And the soldiers who were vig-
ilant about this sort of attack did
their duty when he refused their
orders.”
The military facility, which
opened in 2017 and reportedly
cost $50 million, is part of an effort
by Turkey to increase its foothold
and influence in the Horn of Afri-
ca. The country’s defense min-
istry called the attack “vile” and
said none of its personnel was
MARK SCHIEFELBEIN/ASSOCIATED PRESS
northeastern China, Ms. Qi stood
with a group of volunteers outside
the Ministry of Agriculture every
day for a week to urge officials to
intervene by putting pressure on
local authorities to release the
dogs.
“We don’t say it’s to protect
dogs, but rather to enforce the law
and safeguard public health,” Ms.
Qi said. “In China, if you say you
are doing this because you are a
dog lover, a lot of people will be
turned off, so we try to circle
around it.”
Ms. Zhang, the Guangzhou-
based activist, said that for years,
she and a group of volunteers had
taken a more combative stance,
staging protests at local govern-
ment offices and going head-to-
harmed in the attack.
Located on the coast of the Indi-
an Ocean, the base provides train-
ing for Somalia’s national military
force, with the goal of rebuilding
the military and reinforcing the
government’s waning authority
across the country.
Somalia’s army disintegrated
after the country’s 1991 civil war,
when clan-based militias over-
threw the government of the long-
time dictator Siad Barre before
turning on each other.
Besides Turkey, the United
States has hundreds of Special
Operations forces training the So-
mali army and conducting kill-or-
capture raids of their own against
the Shabab. Gulf nations, includ-
ing Qatar and the United Arab
Emirates, have also vied for influ-
ence in Somalia, providing sup-
port to various regional security
forces.
Over the past 13 years, the west-
ern-backed government has re-
head with dog meat vendors.
“The space for doing our work
has shrunk,” Ms. Zhang said. She
noted that authorities had shut
down several active animal pro-
tection group discussions on the
popular social messaging app We-
Chat after some members had
criticized the government.
“There is still room to get our
message out there,” she said. “As
long as you don’t criticize the gov-
ernment.”
Several years ago, Ms. Zhang
said, they changed tactics to take
a more “positive” approach, focus-
ing their efforts on reaching out to
national policymakers instead.
Ms. Zhang figures that her
group has sent out thousands of
letters to delegates to China’s top
TYRONE SIU/REUTERS
lied on the support of African Un-
ion forces to battle the Shabab,
which has carried out attacks
across the country in a bid to over-
throw the government and im-
pose a strict version of Islamic
law.
The government’s progress has
partly been undermined by its
A Somali training
center is hit by the
Shabab terror group.
own weak security forces. In re-
cent days, they have protested
over unpaid salaries.
Turkey’s efforts to help restruc-
ture the Somali military are part
of its deepening engagement in
Somalia, where it has invested
NOEL CELIS/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
ADAM DEAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
legislative bodies in recent years
informing them about the dismal
conditions of the dog meat trade,
which is largely unregulated in
China. Since there are few legal
dog farms in China, activists say
that most of the country’s dog
meat comes from captured strays
or stolen pets.
In 2015, Ms. Zhang said she and
her colleagues were able to con-
vince one delegate, a vegetarian,
to propose a bill to ban the slaugh-
ter and consumption of cats and
dogs at the annual gathering of
China’s top lawmaking body. The
proposal ignited a national con-
versation, and more lawmakers
began to show interest.
But it wasn’t until the unexpect-
ed emergence of the coronavirus
— and the renewed scrutiny over
the wildlife trade in China — that
some of the policies long under
discussion gained traction.
“China has been in a civil war
between animal lovers and people
who support dog meat consump-
tion, and the animal lovers are
gaining the upper hand,” said Pe-
ter J. Li, a China policy adviser
with Humane Society Interna-
tional. “The Chinese government
sees this.”
Persuading the public can still
be an uphill battle.
The practice of eating dog meat
is limited to a few areas of China
and most people do not eat it regu-
larly. Instead, defenders often
subscribe to a belief that ‘while I
may not eat dog meat, I support
your right to do so.’
Xu Zhe, 22, a recent college
graduate from the northeastern
city of Dalian, said he eats dog
meat once a year during the Chi-
nese New Year and had no qualms
about it even though he grew up
with a dog at home.
“I have a deep connection with
my dog, but not with the dog I’m
eating,” Mr. Xu said.
heavily across many areas, from
education and health to infra-
structure and trade.
Under President Recep Tayyip
Erdogan, Turkey has funneled
millions of dollars in humanitar-
ian aid to Somalia, undertaken
major infrastructure projects,
provided scholarships to Somali
graduates, and unveiled its big-
gest embassy in the world, in the
Somali capital. Turkish compa-
nies also manage Mogadishu’s in-
ternational airport and seaport.
In recent months, Turkey has
airlifted victims of terrorist at-
tacks and provided materials to
help in the fight against the coro-
navirus pandemic.
Turkey’s alignment with the So-
mali government, however, has
increasingly made its citizens and
officials a target for the Shabab
group, which is linked to Al Qaeda.
In late December, two Turkish
engineers working on a road near
a busy intersection in Mogadishu
Above, rescued dogs at a shel-
ter outside Beijing on Monday.
Near left, a dog on display at a
market in Yulin, China. Far
left, an animal rights protest in
2016 outside the Yulin govern-
ment office in Beijing. Activists
say that among younger peo-
ple especially, public opinion is
changing over the consump-
tion of dog meat.
The recent rise of nationalism in
China has further fueled defend-
ers of the practice. Some say that
banning dog meat is a rejection of
a longstanding Chinese tradition.
Zhao Nanyuan, a retired Ts-
inghua professor and longtime
proponent of eating dogs, accuses
animal rights activists of being
manipulated by the West.
“Those who make trouble at the
dog meat festival are being sup-
ported by foreign black hands,”
Mr. Zhao said in an email. “To ele-
vate the status of animals is to de-
grade the status of people, thus vi-
olating the principles of human-
ism.”
The environment, though, is im-
proving, even in the home of the
Yulin Lychee and Dog Meat Festi-
val.
While activists say many locals
still eat dog meat, local officials,
facing domestic and international
pressure, have distanced them-
selves from the festival in recent
years. Activists on the ground
said that the atmosphere was no-
ticeably quieter compared to past
years, with far fewer visitors.
Most of the dog meat stalls and
vendors had moved to the out-
skirts of the city. A recent govern-
ment crackdown had also made it
difficult for traders to transport
dogs from outside the province.
There have been longer-term
changes in the city as well. In re-
cent years, the city has seen an in-
flux of younger, middle-class Chi-
nese who are less defensive than
the older generation about the lo-
cal dog meat eating tradition.
Grooming shops and pet clinics
have begun to pop up alongside
new wine bars and steak restau-
rants.
“People’s lives have improved,”
said Tang Laixi, who opened a
two-story pet-themed restaurant
and grooming business in Yulin in
2017. Since last year, Mr. Tang said
he had noticed an increase in the
number of pet dogs — particularly
poodles, golden retrievers and
Border collies — in the city.
“Having a pet keeps you in a
good mood,” he said.
were among those killed in an at-
tack. In May last year, the Shabab
took responsibility for another at-
tack that killed a Turkish citizen
near another busy junction in Mo-
gadishu.
Intelligence officials have said
that a devastating bombing in Mo-
gadishu in October 2017 that killed
almost 600 people, the deadliest
ever attack in Somalia, was origi-
nally intended for the Turkish-
built military base.
Rashid Abdi, a Horn of Africa
researcher and analyst said the
suicide bombing at a base he
called “a fortress and Mogadishu’s
best-protected facility” was a
“very significant” moment.
“Turkey is now the federal gov-
ernment of Somalia’s closest secu-
rity partner,” Mr. Abdi said. “Al
Shabab sees great strategic threat
in this growing power of the So-
mali National Forces.”
Turkey, he noted, is now the
Shabab’s “number one target.”
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 A13
N

In an Atlanta Church, Mourning a Man and Lifting Up a Symbol

A funeral for Rayshard Brooks
becomes another chapter in the
nation’s history of racial injustice.

By RICK ROJAS
ATLANTA — Like so many others whose
names have been chanted in protests
across the country after fatal encounters
with the police, Rayshard Brooks has be-
come a symbol.
At a pulpit imbued with a legacy con-
nected to the fight for civil rights, a series of
speakers lamented on Tuesday afternoon
the societal forces that had steered Mr.
Brooks’s life and, in their view, contributed
to its end. There was the pernicious threat
of racism and its many permutations, in-
cluding the undertow of the criminal justice
system that can become impossible to es-
cape. And there was the deep mistrust be-
tween law enforcement and the African-
American community.
“We’re here to sit with this family,” said
the Rev. Dr. Raphael G. Warnock, the senior
pastor at Ebenezer Baptist Church, refer-
ring to Mr. Brooks’s wife and children sit-
ting before him. “But we would not be hon-
est if we did not discuss what got us here in
the first place.”
“This is about him,” Pastor Warnock, who
is also a Democratic candidate for the
United States Senate, added, “but it is much
bigger than him.”
Mr. Brooks’s family, most of them dressed
in white, filed into Ebenezer on Tuesday,
joined by prominent pastors, elected offi-
cials, activists and celebrities who did not
know Mr. Brooks when he was alive. The
crowd did not fill the church, as people were
spaced out six feet apart in the pews and
wore masks in a sanctuary that had been
closed for services since March, all because JOE RAEDLE/GETTY IMAGES
of the coronavirus. Hundreds more
watched online. ‘This is much bigger than the police. This is about a whole system that cries out for renewal and reform.’
The funeral combined soaring rhetoric
calling for his death to be an impetus for Rev. Dr. Raphael G. Warnock, senior pastor at Ebenezer Baptist Church
change with quiet reflections about the life
of a largely ordinary man who only became
known because of how he died. Mr. Brooks,
27, was fatally shot on June 12 by the Atlanta
police, in a moment when the nation was
wrestling with its tangled racial history af-
ter a series of recent police killings.
The Rev. Bernice A. King, the youngest
daughter of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King
Jr., described how Mr. Brooks fit into the
patchwork of a larger struggle. She pointed
out that he was killed on the same day that
the civil rights activist Medgar Evers was
gunned down in 1963 and that, a year later,
Nelson Mandela was sentenced to life in
prison for conspiring against the white
South African government.
Mr. Brooks’s mother-in-law, Rochelle
Gooden, said he loved old rhythm-and-
blues songs and liked to barbecue.
“He always took me as Mom,” she said,
referring to how they would address each
other, “and I always took him as Son. I never
called him Rayshard, I called him my son.”
POOL PHOTO BY CURTIS COMPTON RON HARRIS/ASSOCIATED PRESS
The funeral also invoked other African-
Americans whose killings have fueled pro-
tests in recent months, including Ahmaud Brooks, he hit an officer, grabbed the other was fired from the Police Department, and you are better equipped to step into your The coffin bearing
Arbery, a 25-year-old black man who was officer’s Taser, fired it and took off running. the city’s police chief, Erika Shields, re- God-given purpose,” said Ambrea Mikola- Rayshard Brooks, top,
fatally shot while jogging through a coastal One of the officers, Garrett Rolfe, dis- signed. Several days later, the Fulton jczyk, who owns a restoration and construc- after his funeral service.
Georgia neighborhood. charged his own Taser and reached for his County district attorney, Paul L. Howard Jr., tion company where Mr. Brooks had
worked. “The system kept drawing him in,
Tomika Miller, above left,
Mr. Arbery’s death, in late February, in- 9-millimeter Glock handgun as Mr. Brooks announced that Mr. Rolfe was being
turned and discharged the stolen Taser charged with 11 counts, including felony grabbing ahold of him like quicksand.” his widow, holding their
spired a hate-crimes measure that passed
the State Senate on Tuesday, shortly before again. Mr. Rolfe fired, striking Mr. Brooks murder and aggravated assault. The other Still, those who knew Mr. Brooks remem- 1-year-old daughter,
Mr. Brooks’s funeral began. Gov. Brian twice in the back. officer, Devin Brosnan, who was placed on bered him for more than his troubles. He Dream. A woman outside
Kemp of Georgia, a Republican, has indi- “Rayshard Brooks wasn’t just running administrative duty, was charged with ag- was a caring father, they said, and a dancer the church, above.
cated his support for it. from the police,” Pastor Warnock said, not- gravated assault and violating his oath as who tended to have more enthusiasm than
Mr. Brooks was killed as protests had al- ing Mr. Brooks’s past interactions with the an officer. ability.
ready broken out across the country after criminal justice system. He was on proba- On Tuesday, the authorities said that they After she passed a golden coffin deco-
George Floyd died in May in the custody of tion and faced a return to prison if arrested had arrested a woman, identified as Natalie rated with bursts of white flowers on her
the Minneapolis police. The killings in- that night. White, who is accused of setting a fire that way to the front of the church, Ms. Gooden,
flamed longstanding tensions between “He was running from a system that burned down the Wendy’s where Mr. Mr. Brooks’s mother-in-law, said that his
communities of color and law enforcement, makes slaves out of people,” he said. “This is Brooks had encountered the police. legacy would live on through his family, par-
and also expanded into a larger grappling much bigger than the police. This is about a Before his death, relatives and friends ticularly in his three daughters.
over the racial divides that figure into al- whole system that cries out for renewal and said that Mr. Brooks had been pushing to- “I look at my grandbaby right there,” she
most every facet of American life. reform.” ward a better place. “Your past doesn’t de- said, noting a strong resemblance. “When I
Over generations, in moments of triumph Within hours of the shooting, Mr. Rolfe fine you, it refines and shapes you so that look at her, I know he’s not gone.”
as well as turmoil, Ebenezer Baptist Church
has been where many African-Americans
in Atlanta find comfort in their faith and in Protesters outside the
one another. During the fight for civil rights, Wendy’s restaurant in
it had been the pastoral home of Dr. King, Atlanta where Mr. Brooks
becoming known as “America’s Freedom was killed in the parking
Church.” lot. The authorities said
The community gathered on Tuesday on Tuesday that they had
during what has emerged as another turbu-
arrested a woman who is
lent chapter for Atlanta, where the atmos-
phere had become especially fraught after
accused of subsequently
weeks of protests. setting a fire that burned
“This happened in Atlanta, the city that’s down the restaurant
supposed to be too busy to hate,” Ms. King building.
said, referring to a motto repeated for dec-
ades in the city, a reflection of its sprawling
ambition and place as a capital of commerce
and culture for the black community. “This
happened in the city known as the black
mecca.”
The crowd at the funeral reflected the
promise of Atlanta: in the pews were the
city’s mayor, Keisha Lance Bottoms, who is
a black woman; T.I., the rapper and activ-
ist; and Phaedra Parks, the lawyer and for-
mer “Real Housewives of Atlanta” cast
member. The service was paid for by Tyler
Perry, the entertainment mogul who built a
330-acre compound in the city from which
he churns out movies and television shows.
Yet the funeral also showed where Atlan-
ta had fallen short, including the systemic
inequality that endures in the city and else-
where.
Mr. Brooks was killed after two police offi-
cers were called to a Wendy’s parking lot
where, the authorities said, Mr. Brooks had
fallen asleep in the drive-through lane.
As the officers moved to arrest Mr.

Richard Fausset contributed reporting. JOHN BAZEMORE/ASSOCIATED PRESS

A14 N THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
Struggle for Racial Justice New York and Beyond
New York to Crack Down on Users
And Suppliers of Illegal Fireworks
By MIHIR ZAVERI
and MICHAEL GOLD
Mayor Bill de Blasio announced
on Tuesday that New York was
launching a crackdown on the ille-
gal use and distribution of fire-
works, after complaints about a
nightly cacophony flooded the
city’s help and emergency tele-
phone lines.
The effort will center on using
law-enforcement agencies to dis-
rupt the supply of fireworks to the
city, including sting operations “to
go and get these illegal fireworks
at the base,” Mr. de Blasio said at a
news briefing.
“We’re going to go at it hard
now and address it immediately,”
he said.
New York City residents have
reported booms and crackles in
skyrocketing numbers in recent
days. The city received more than
12,500 calls to its 911 system for il-
legal fireworks this month, ac-
cording to the police. That is
roughly 12 times the number of
comparable calls received by the
city in the first six months of 2019,
the police said.
In Brooklyn, where many of the
fireworks are being heard, more
than 4,500 complaints of fire-
works have come in to the city’s
311 system in June, the police said.
That is more than 80 times the
number of 311 calls received by
the city in the first six months of
2019.
The surge came at a time when
New York City was already on
New York City Sees Its Most Violent Start to Summer Since 1996
By ASHLEY SOUTHALL
and NEIL MacFARQUHAR
It has been nearly a quarter
century since New York City ex-
perienced as much gun violence in
the month of June as it has seen
this year.
The city logged 125 shootings in
the first three weeks of the month,
more than double the number re-
corded over in same period last
year, police data show. Gunmen
opened fire during house parties,
barbecues, and dice games, and
carried out coldly calculated
street executions.
More than a dozen people have
been fatally shot, including a teen-
ager at her college graduation
party and a clothing designer who
was washing his car. “You have to
go back to 1996 to have a worse
start of June,” Michael LiPetri, the
chief of crime control strategies,
said in an interview on Monday.
The rising toll of gun violence
has become part of a contentious
debate over the future of policing
in the wake of mass protests
against police brutality. Police un-
ions and their supporters have is-
sued shrill warnings that the city
was slipping into a high-crime era
reminiscent of the early 1990s.
New Yorki is not alone. Shoot-
ings are on the rise in other big cit-
ies across the country, a trend that
some conservatives have seized
on to argue against the recent de-
mands of protesters to cut police
budgets and rein in officers.
On Monday, Mayor Bill de Bla-
sio announced that the city was
sending more officers into the
streets and declared he would not
retreat from efforts to overhaul
the Police Department.
“We’re not going back to the
bad old days when there was so
much violence in the city,” the
mayor said at a news conference,
“nor are we going back to the bad
old days where policing was done
the wrong way and, in too many
cases, police and community
could never connect and find that
mutual respect.”
The mayor’s comments came
after a particularly bad weekend
in which 38 people were shot over
72 hours. The toll continued to
mount on Monday, when a 46-
year-old man was shot and killed
in Brownsville by a gunman who
ambushed him in the lobby of a
public housing building, the police
said. That evening, five people
were shot at a candlelight vigil in
Crown Heights.
Other cities are seeing similar
violence: In Chicago, more than
100 people were shot over the
weekend, the most in a single
weekend since 2012, and 14 died.
That carnage came just weeks af-
ter 24 people were killed among 85
people shot over the Memorial
Day weekend. Many were caught
in crossfire.
In Minneapolis, police said that
111 people have been shot in the
four weeks since the death of
George Floyd.
Nationally, homicide rates were
already rising in 64 large Ameri-
can cities for the first three
months of 2020 over the previous
three years, but on average the
pandemic caused them to stall
briefly, before ticking up again in
May, said Richard Rosenfeld, a
criminologist at the University of
Missouri-St. Louis.
In New York, there were 166
edge both from the coronavirus
pandemic and weeks of protests
against systemic racism and po-
lice brutality.
After the mayor’s announce-
ment, some residents voiced con-
cerns on Twitter that the city
would be using the police to ad-
dress the fireworks, at a time of
widespread reassessment of the
role of policing.
Mr. de Blasio sought to allay
those concerns, saying that the
A city’s residents are
tiring of the nightly
booms and crackles.
task force, which includes 10 po-
lice officers, 12 fire marshals and
20 investigators from the city
sheriff’s office, would target “the
big fish.”
“We’re going to start from the
biggest operations, not focused on
the kid on the corner,” Mr. de Bla-
sio said. “We’re focused on the
people that are really profiting
and really distributing a lot of fire-
works.”
Investigators will examine the
sale of fireworks inside the city as
well as in surrounding states, fo-
cusing on those who are supplying
and profiting from fireworks
sales. Asked if the city would also
crack down on people setting off il-
legal fireworks, Mr. de Blasio said
murders through June 21, up from
134 over the same period last year,
the police said.
Some of that increase can be at-
tributed to both the strain of the
pandemic and the recent unrest,
although the primary reason cited
by criminologists was the advent
of summer — traditionally a high-
crime season because people are
outside for longer and tempers
flare in the heat.
In New York, the police have
linked the rise in gun violence to a
bail law enacted this year, which
limited judges’ ability to keep peo-
ple in jail before trial if they had
been arrested on certain charges,
as well as the release of thousands
of people from jail and prison to
help curb coronavirus. Chief
LiPetri said 17 percent of shoot-
ings involved people on probation
or parole.
Even veteran observers of the
city’s crime trends viewed the
jump in New York City as remark-
able.
“I have been studying this for a
long time. I have never seen that
much of an increase ever,” said
Christopher Herrmann, a profes-
sor at the John Jay College of
Criminal Justice who once ana-
lyzed crime statistics for the New
the “more profound issue” was
cutting off the supply.
“In a lot of cases, you can’t inter-
vene if someone shoots off a fire-
work and they’re gone,” he said.
“It’s not a good use of police time
and energy.”
The city’s public advocate, Ju-
maane Williams, who has partici-
pated in several recent protests
and is a strong proponent of police
reform, applauded the decision to
focus on the fireworks supply
chain.
But Mr. Williams said he would
need to see how the enforcement
played out on the ground. He add-
ed that he was disappointed the
city did not make an effort to sup-
port clergy and community
groups who were addressing the
people setting off the fireworks.
“This fireworks thing is a great
moment to show how we can chart
a new future for law enforce-
ment,” Mr. Williams said.
The city’s plan came as videos
and images of fireworks have
been shared widely on social me-
dia, with people even firing them
at each other in some cases. The
fireworks have also been reported
in other cities nationwide, includ-
ing Oakland, Calif., and Baltimore.
For some, setting off fireworks
has been a form of catharsis in the
pandemic, and a means of defying
and protesting against what they
see as a flawed criminal justice
system.
But for others, the fireworks
have been a nuisance, spreading
fear and anxiety among a popula-
GREGG VIGLIOTTI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
York City Police Department.
Mr. Hermann said the spike in
shootings likely stemmed from
“combination of warmer weather,
Covid cabin fever and the tradi-
tional gun violence that we see in
June, July and August.”
Some criminologists said there
is a precedent for crime rising af-
ter unrest over police killings.
Homicides rose nationally in
the aftermath of the unrest ignited
by the 2014 killing of Michael
Brown in Ferguson, Mo. It went
up 15 to 20 percent in the largest
cities before subsiding again after
two years, Mr. Rosenfeld said.
When discontent with the police
ran high, people were less likely to
call them, deciding to settle mat-
ters themselves and driving vio-
lence up, he said.
Eugene O’Donnell, who is also a
professor at John Jay, said that
while the rise in shootings sig-
naled a collapse in public safety in
New York neighborhoods most af-
fected by violence, it was too soon
to predict a doomsday scenario.
“The sum total of all of that is
grounds to worry, but I have hap-
pily sat back and watched them
predict Armageddon that hasn’t
come for years,” Professor O’Don-
nell, a former city police officer
tion already stressed out by the
coronavirus and quarantine.
Councilman Chaim Deutsch,
who represents parts of Brooklyn,
has been pressing the city to do
more to end the illegal fireworks.
On Monday night, Mr. Deutsch
Above, police investigators at the site of a double shooting in
East New York on Friday. Left, a memorial in the Bronx for
Tyana Johnson, who was killed at a graduation party last week.
and prosecutor, said.
Some of those neighborhoods
are now seeing an influx of offi-
cers deployed as part of the police
department’s annual Summer All
Out strategy, in which officers in
desk jobs and other duties are re-
deployed to the street.
About 300 officers have been
sent this year to neighborhoods
like East Harlem in Manhattan,
Mott Haven in the Bronx, East
New York in Brooklyn and Ja-
maica in Queens. Those neighbor-
hoods struggle with conflicts be-
tween crews and gangs that police
say fuel half of the shootings in the
city.
So far this year, police have
solved just 28 percent of shootings
with an arrest, Chief LiPetri said,
even though that proportion is
normally around half.
Often, investigators know who
is responsible for a shooting but
lack sufficient evidence to make
an arrest. Victims often refuse to
cooperate with police investiga-
tions, and witnesses are afraid of
retaliation.
The state’s new bail law and the
pandemic have made it more diffi-
cult to build those cases, police of-
ficials have said, because it is
harder for prosecutors to leverage
their power to keep people behind
bars.
Chief LiPetri said a slowdown in
court proceedings because of the
virus has also stymied the efforts
to curb violence. Although police
arrested more people for gun pos-
session this year, he said many
were released because their cases
could not be presented to a grand
jury within six days, the statutory
limit for holding people in custody
without an indictment.
About 800 gun cases are still
waiting to be presented to grand
juries, he said, and 40 percent of
AMR ALFIKY/THE NEW YORK TIMES
joined a number of people honking
their car horns outside Gracie
Mansion in protest to try to get Mr.
de Blasio to strengthen the city’s
response to illegal fireworks.
“We need to send a message
that we need to end these chaotic
LLOYD MITCHELL
people arrested on gun pos-
session charges had been re-
leased without bail so far this year.
In the past the New York police
have relied on plainclothes “anti-
crime units” to proactively hunt
for people believed to be carrying
illegal guns on the streets, but
their aggressive tactics had led to
many complaints and several po-
lice shootings. Commissioner
Dermot F. Shea disbanded the
units last week.
The city is instead leaning more
heavily on nonprofits that employ
“violence interrupters" — young
men and women with past ties to
gangs who intervene to try to stop
street conflicts from escalating.
One of the nonprofits in
Brownsville was scrambling on
Monday to figure out why a 46-
year-old man was killed and who
might want to retaliate. Anthony
Newerls, the program director at
Brownsville In, Violence Out, said
it was the second fatal shooting in
the neighborhood in 10 days. “We
are completely overwhelmed,” he
said.
Elsewhere in the city, though,
Iesha Sekou’s group, Street Cor-
ner Resources, oversees a stretch
of Harlem that has not seen a
shooting since April 25.
Ms. Sekou said the changes
brought on by the pandemic as
well as the weather have created a
ripe environment for shootings to
unfold. Her group has focused on
keeping tabs on who is getting out
of jail or prison, particularly if
they have been involved in shoot-
ings, because they might have un-
finished business.
Usually, there is a party to cele-
brate the occasion. "We would go
over there and give out masks and
gloves, and we would say, ‘We
need y’all to make sure there’s no
violence,’ ” she said.
In Brooklyn this month there
have been over 4,500 fireworks
complaints, more than 80 times
the number the city received in
the first six months of 2019.
fireworks that’s been happening
across the city,” Mr. Deutsch said
in a video posted to Twitter early
Tuesday morning. “If we can’t
sleep, you can’t sleep.”
Mr. Deutsch has also circulated
a petition urging Mayor de Blasio
to do more to control illegal fire-
works. He said that as of Monday
afternoon, the petition had gath-
ered more than 10,000 signatures.
Fireworks are illegal to buy, sell
or ignite in New York, but they are
an entrenched tradition of the
city’s streets, especially in work-
ing-class neighborhoods. They
are generally sold from duffel
bags or car trunks and set off in
the days before July 4.
But this year, the unauthorized
displays began at least a month
earlier than usual, as other warm-
weather get-togethers were
halted by social-distancing rules.
At the news conference on Tues-
day, Mr. de Blasio also said that
the city would not stage the tradi-
tional Macy’s fireworks show on
the Fourth of July. Instead, there
will be a series of smaller shows
held across all five boroughs from
June 29 through July 1.
Each show will be unannounced
and will last about five minutes,
Mr. de Blasio said, in an effort to
keep people from gathering in
large groups to watch.
“People will be able to see dif-
ferent pieces at different points,”
he said. “It is going to be some-
thing that’s very special to the city
— very special, very moving, but
also very safe.”
Louisville Fires
Police Officer
Who Took Part
In Deadly Raid
By WILL WRIGHT
The Louisville Metro Police De-
partment on Tuesday fired one of
the three officers involved in the
fatal shooting of Breonna Taylor,
the most significant action yet in a
case that has drawn public out-
rage for the killing and the fact
that no criminal charges have
been filed.
In a termination letter posted to
the department’s Twitter account,
Chief Robert Schroeder accused
the former officer, Brett Hankison,
of violating its policy on the use of
deadly force, saying he “wantonly
and blindly” fired 10 shots into Ms.
Taylor’s apartment on March 13.
After Ms. Taylor’s boyfriend
shot one officer in the leg as they
broke down her door during a
drug raid, the officers returned
fire and killed Ms. Taylor, 26.
Questions about Ms. Taylor’s
death intensified after George
Floyd was killed by the Minneapo-
lis police in May. Weeks of protests
in Louisville, Ky., followed, and
Mayor Greg Fischer banned no-
knock warrants.
Officials have not brought
charges against Mr. Hankison or
the two other officers at Ms. Tay-
lor’s apartment, where no drugs
were found. Those officers, Jon
Mattingly and Myles Cosgrove,
have been placed on administra-
tive reassignment.
Details of the shooting took
months to emerge, but recent rev-
elations from the Police Depart-
ment suggest that Mr. Hankison
acted recklessly by shooting
through a patio door and window
that had an obstructed view. Some
of the rounds he fired went into a
neighbor’s apartment and endan-
gered the lives of three people
there, according to Tuesday’s let-
ter.
Chief Schroeder wrote that Mr.
Hankison’s conduct was “a shock
to the conscience” and that his ac-
tions discredited the Police De-
partment.
The city’s former police chief,
Steve Conrad, was fired this
month after the police shot and
killed a business owner during
protests over Ms. Taylor’s death.
Officers did not activate their
body cameras during that encoun-
ter or during the raid that ended in
Ms. Taylor’s death.
Ms. Taylor, an emergency medi-
cal technician, was shot at least
eight times when the police tried
to serve a no-knock warrant,
which allows officers to enter peo-
ple’s homes without identifying
themselves.
The police said they did an-
nounce themselves in Ms. Taylor’s
case, but her boyfriend, Kenneth
Walker, said he did not hear their
warnings.
Lonita Baker, one of three law-
yers representing Ms. Taylor’s
family, said last week that the de-
cision to charge Mr. Hankison lies
with Kentucky’s attorney general,
Daniel Cameron.
Mr. Hankison has 10 days to ap-
peal his firing.

Struggle for Racial Justice Law Enforcement
A New Jersey Officer Fired, and Then Hired Again and Again
From Page A1
to flag worrisome behavior to fu-
ture employers. By the time his
record might have otherwise
raised concerns, he was applying
to jobs at small, resource-poor de-
partments that had difficulty re-
taining officers.
And the incidents for which he
is now under investigation by
prosecutors — including shooting
a fleeing armed robbery suspect
and an allegation that he punched
a mentally ill woman who resisted
arrest — never resulted in a death
or drew national attention, like the
killings of George Floyd and oth-
ers that inspired protests.
Still, public records show that
on 16 occasions over nearly a dec-
ade, arrests that Officer Dubiel
initiated resulted in injury to peo-
ple he was trying to subdue. Al-
most all of them were unarmed.
The suspects often had criminal
histories and limited resources —
and, until the pepper-spray inci-
dent, the officer’s interactions
were not caught on camera by wit-
nesses and did not result in crimi-
nal charges against him. Officer
Dubiel did not respond to re-
peated efforts to reach him by
phone, text and email.
As the nation grapples with how
to reform police forces, one prob-
lem is the lack of a mechanism for
tracking officers who have been
fired from or disciplined in one de-
partment and find work in an-
other. “No one really knows how
many wandering officers are on
the streets nationwide,” said John
Rappaport, the author of a Yale
Law Journal study on the prob-
lem. Without the ability to decerti-
fy officers, he said, states like New
Jersey rely “entirely on local
agencies to make good hiring de-
cisions.”
An Open Investigation
One morning last December,
Kelly Jankowski, 58, was awak-
ened early by piercing screams.
She rushed outside her home in
Woodlynne to find that a police of-
ficer had handcuffed a black wom-
an on the ground.
The woman was screaming so
loudly, Ms. Jankowski recalled,
“that I thought she was being
killed.”
What she said she saw next
prompted her to file a police re-
Officer Dubiel, 31, has a his-
tory of troubling social media
posts flagged by other officers.
port and a complaint with the
county prosecutor. In an inter-
view, Ms. Jankowski said the
woman was lying on the pave-
ment, her hands bound, and the
officer punched her in the chest.
“I went to both the police and
the prosecutor because I didn’t
want it to be swept under the rug,”
Ms. Jankowski said. “I never
heard anything again.”
With details she provided, The
New York Times obtained from
the Woodlynne Police Depart-
ment the corresponding “use of
force” report, which officers must
file when physical force is used to
restrain or arrest a suspect.
According to the report, Officer
Dubiel and a partner approached
a woman who had thrown trash in
the street that had blown out a
passing driver’s tire. At 4:15 a.m.,
the report notes, a 34-year-old
black woman displaying mental
health problems resisted arrest.
For the type of force used, the
form checks off: “Compliance
hold,” “Hands/fists,” “Chemical/
natural agent” and “Strike/use of
baton or other object.” It identifies
Officer Dubiel as making the ar-
rest.
His body camera footage, which
was released to The Times last
week after an open-records re-
quest, shows how the woman ram-
bled about how her iPad was stol-
en, how social services had taken
her children away and how she
suffered from schizophrenia.
More than once, she said she
wanted to kill herself.
After radioing their headquar-
ters and learning that arrest war-
rants were out for her, the officers
decided to bring her in. A pro-
tracted struggle ensued when she
resisted, and both the woman and
Officer Dubiel were injured, ac-
cording to the use-of-force report.
The woman could not be reached
for comment.
It was one of two encounters
that day, Dec. 29, in which Officer
Grace Ashford contributed report-
ing, and Susan C. Beachy contrib-
uted research.
Dubiel’s use of force has come un-
der scrutiny. In both cases, as well
as the pepper-spray incident, he
was with other officers, but only
his actions are being investigated.
At 10:57 that night, officers pur-
sued a man suspected of commit-
ting armed robbery at a gas sta-
tion. Officer Dubiel chased the
man, believed to have a gun, by
car and then on foot. When the
suspect did not stop as ordered,
Officer Dubiel shot his backside,
injuring him. It later turned out
the man had been carrying a pis-
tol that shoots plastic pellets.
New Jersey allows the police to
use deadly force to prevent the es-
cape of a fleeing suspect if an offi-
cer believes the person poses an
“imminent danger of death or se-
rious bodily harm.” When force is
justified, the rules urge the “ut-
most restraint.”
The footage was reviewed in-
ternally by the Woodlynne Police
Department, an agency of just
eight officers who serve a small
community and are paid among
the lowest median salaries in the
county. The department has
struggled with high turnover, ac-
cording to Woodlynne’s public
safety director, Edwin J. Figueroa.
After reviewing the two cases
from December, Mr. Figueroa
said, he referred them to the Cam-
den County prosecutor’s office.
Officer Dubiel was assigned to
desk duty.
But in April, with two officers
out sick with the coronavirus, Mr.
Figueroa said, he had no choice
but to send Officer Dubiel back
onto the streets. Mr. Figueroa said
he first offered him counseling,
which he refused. Mr. Figueroa
also asked him to reread the New
Jersey attorney general’s use-of-
force policy and sign his name in-
dicating that he understood it.
A month later, the protests over
the killing of George Floyd in Min-
neapolis swept across the nation.
In Camden, the police marched
shoulder to shoulder with demon-
strators in a show of solidarity. Of-
ficers there then flagged Officer
Dubiel’s social media posts to
Woodlynne Police.
An account using the alias
“Duby Copperhead,” which for-
mer colleagues knew to be Officer
Dubiel’s, posted a picture of the
Camden march, showing one offi-
cer surrounded by black pro-
testers, pumping their fists in the
air. “Anybody that stands behind
these people is a traitor,” he wrote,
according to images of his now-
suspended Facebook account that
his former colleagues shared with
The Times. “I am so ashamed to
have ever worked for such a dis-
grace of a police department.”
‘Washed Out’ of Camden
Woodlynne, population 2,915, is
a tiny borough in southern New
Jersey, wedged next to the much
A screen grab from Officer Dubiel’s body cam footage. He and
his partner were responding to a property manager’s 911 call.
THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
RYAN CHRISTOPHER JONES FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Nine Years, Nine Departments
MARCH TO MAY 2011
Seaside Heights
Officer Ryan Dubiel works for a
few months at this department
before graduating from Ocean
County College.
JULY 2011 TO JANUARY 2012
Galloway
Officer Dubiel is hired at 22 to
perform courtroom duty and
other minor tasks.
JUNE TO DECEMBER 2012
Edgewater Park
He resigns before completing
training. The police chief says
he failed to meet the agency’s
standards.
DECEMBER 2012 TO MARCH 2013
Union City
Officer Dubiel is hired on a
part-time basis before moving
elsewhere.
APRIL 2013 TO SEPTEMBER 2015
Camden
He is named Officer of the
Week and wins an Award of
Valor, but also receives numer-
ous disciplinary infractions.
larger Camden, population 74,000.
Their demographics are similar —
about 90 percent nonwhite — but
they are a world apart in their ap-
proaches to policing.
Camden, which once had a mur-
der rate comparable to that of
Honduras, is hailed as a model of
reform, after disbanding and
recreating its police force in 2013
to flush out corrupt cops and insti-
tute sweeping changes.
Officer Dubiel was hired that
year in a wave of new recruits, ac-
cording to the department’s
spokesman, Dan Keashen. He was
pushed out two years later, as a re-
RYAN CHRISTOPHER JONES FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
OCTOBER 2015 TO FEBRUARY 2016
Little Falls
Officer Dubiel works briefly at
this agency, 100 miles north of
Camden, before resigning to
take a better-paying job.
FEBRUARY 2016 TO MAY 2016
Far Hills
He is fired after only a few
weeks on the job. An internal
investigation accuses him of
unauthorized absence and an
integrity violation, and cites
concerns over his fitness for
duty.
JANUARY 2018 TO MAY 2018
Wenonah
The department disbands soon
after he is hired, resulting in
layoffs for him and several other
officers.
AUGUST 2019 TO PRESENT
Woodlynne
Officer Dubiel is investigated for
his use of force in two incidents.
He is later charged with assault
for his use of pepper spray.
sult of the reforms instituted.
Just 24 at the time, he had an as-
sociate degree in criminal justice
from Ocean County College and
had already cycled through police
departments in Seaside Heights,
Galloway, Edgewater Park, and
Union City. Some of the jobs were
part time, but a pattern was
emerging: He jumped from place
to place. He left one department
as storm clouds gathered.
“He just wasn’t meeting our
standards — we didn’t feel com-
fortable with him being out there
by himself,” said Edgewater
Park’s police chief, Robert D.
RYAN CHRISTOPHER JONES FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
After the pepper-spraying incident involving Mr. Horn and his
friends, Officer Dubiel was suspended and charged with assault.
A Black Lives Matter march on
June 7 near Woodlynne, N.J.,
days after a video on YouTube
showed Officer Ryan Dubiel
pepper-spraying a group of
young men at the home of
James Horn, 16, left center.
Hess, adding that Officer Dubiel
quit before finishing his training
in 2012.
In Camden, he initially did well.
Reports from his instructors dur-
ing training, obtained through an
open-records request, repeatedly
described his attitude as “pos-
itive” and his demeanor toward
citizens as “professional.”
He was named “Officer of the
Week” after intervening in a dis-
pute in 2015 and disarming the
parties. And he was featured in a
museum exhibition after receiv-
ing an Award of Valor.
But he also began racking up
use-of-force reports in a depart-
ment that was trying to reset its
relationship with the community.
In a two-year period, records
show, Officer Dubiel used force
against 16 suspects — a higher-
than-average tally, a former col-
league said.
Using force can mean some-
thing as minor as guiding a sus-
pect’s arms to apply handcuffs,
and is not necessarily a black
mark, especially if the suspect is
armed or dangerous and the
amount of force is proportionate
to the circumstances, Mr. Keashen
explained.
But the reports documenting
Officer Dubiel’s use of force raised
concerns: At least 13 of the 16 peo-
ple were unarmed, and more than
80 percent were injured during
their arrests.
In one evaluation that summer,
Officer Dubiel’s supervisor rec-
ommended he get more “de-esca-
lation awareness for his use-of-
force incidents.”
Citing confidentiality, the Cam-
den police declined to disclose the
officer’s disciplinary file. But one
colleague who had access to it,
and requested anonymity be-
cause of concerns about lawsuits,
said the patrolman had a history
of disciplinary infractions.
“Dubiel washed out of the sys-
tem in Camden because of our po-
lice reforms, which imposed a
more stringent code of conduct
and a higher level of oversight,”
said Lou Cappelli Jr., the elected
executive overseeing the Camden
Police.
Job to Job
Officer Dubiel moved on to Lit-
tle Falls, 100 miles north. When he
applied there in 2015, according to
Steven Post, the police chief, noth-
ing in the materials sent from
Camden indicated a disciplinary
problem.
N A15
Because of strict confidentiality
rules in New Jersey governing in-
ternal affairs investigations into
police officers, sharing a disci-
plinary file from department to
department was rare and only by
special request. It wasn’t until last
December that the state attorney
general amended the policy, mak-
ing it easier to share such records.
Four months after he arrived,
Officer Dubiel resigned and
moved to Far Hills, which paid
more, according to the Little Falls
police chief, Steven Post.
Officials there declined to re-
lease his record, but confirmed
that he was fired within three
months. An internal affairs inves-
tigation accused him of unauthor-
ized absence and an integrity vio-
lation, and cited concerns over his
fitness for duty, according to Doro-
thy S. Hicks, the borough’s clerk.
After a short stint at a small de-
partment that dissolved, in
Wenonah, N.J., Officer Dubiel ar-
rived in Woodlynne last August.
But first, Lt. John Robinson of
the Woodlynne force visited Cam-
den’s police headquarters to re-
view Officer Dubiel’s file there.
There were some disciplinary in-
fractions, he said, but nothing that
seemed serious enough to pre-
clude hiring the officer, and he was
unaware that Officer Dubiel had
been fired elsewhere. “Maybe we
should have looked more deeply,”
he said.
Mr. Figueroa, Officer Dubiel’s
supervisor in Woodlynne, said
that he had been unaware of any
past disciplinary records or the
firing, and that it “would have cer-
tainly been an alert.”
Mr. Cappelli in Camden said, “At
no time did Dubiel get a recom-
mendation for employment from
our professional standards bu-
reau or the chief of police.”
New Jersey — along with Cali-
fornia, Hawaii, Massachusetts
and Rhode Island — is among the
few states that cannot revoke an
officer’s credentials because of
misconduct, according to policing
experts. Although the state re-
quires officers to undergo training
for which they receive a certifi-
cate, the police in New Jersey
have no analogue to the licenses
required of other professionals
there — licenses that can be
stripped, said Roger Goldman, an
emeritus law professor at St. Lou-
is University.
“If the state can take away the
license of a barber for misconduct,
surely it should be able to do so for
a police officer,” Mr. Goldman said.
A secondary problem is that,
with no central licensing author-
ity, there is also no statewide sys-
tem to track police abuse, a
spokesman for the attorney gen-
eral’s office said.
The Protests Begin
Earlier this month, signs in
Woodlynne announced a local
march against police brutality, af-
ter the killing of George Floyd.
Among Officer Dubiel’s posts to
the Duby Copperhead Facebook
account around that time was a
picture of an AR-15-style rifle ly-
ing on his knees, with the caption,
“Come to the suburbs . . . please.”
Concerned officers in Camden
said they repeatedly complained
to the Woodlynne department. Mr.
Figueroa said he again gave the
officer a talking-to.
“He felt remorse for what he
did, and he told us that he’s going
to take down the site,” Mr. Figue-
roa said.
Less than a week after, Officer
Dubiel and his partner responded
to a 911 call from an upset property
manager, claiming that a group of
young men were loitering, tres-
passing and smoking marijuana.
It was June 4 at around 1:30 p.m.
when Officer Dubiel approached
the home of 16-year-old James
Horn. He and four friends, ages 15,
17, 18 and 20, were out on the
stoop, smoking tobacco cigarettes
and talking loudly. Neighbors say
they are a nuisance and often get
out of hand — one woman pointed
to a window she claims they broke
— but no one interviewed sup-
ported what happened next.
When the officer asked for their
IDs, the young men told him to get
lost. “It’s my house,” protested the
16-year-old.
Then Officer Dubiel lifted his
hand and pepper-sprayed one of
them in the face. As they ran, he
chased, spraying one, then an-
other several more times. No ma-
rijuana was found. The 20-year-
old was arrested on charges of
smoking tobacco underage smok-
ing; the legal age is 21.
Footage from the officer’s body
camera was eventually released,
but in the meantime, multiple cell-
phone videos were uploaded to
YouTube. By the time of the Wood-
lynne protest march three days af-
ter the incident, Officer Dubiel
had been suspended. In addition
to holding up signs calling for jus-
tice for Mr. Floyd, residents held
up pieces of cardboard showing
Officer Dubiel’s name with an X
through it, demanding that he be
fired. Within days, prosecutors
brought the assault charge.
A16 N THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
Struggle for Racial Justice Law Enforcement
Legal Protection for Police Is Newly Scrutinized Democrats Seek to Block
By HAILEY FUCHS
WASHINGTON — Long before
the death of George Floyd set off a
nationwide uproar over police
brutality, before protests erupted
in 2014 over the death of Michael
Brown in Ferguson, Mo., a 50-
year-old man named Wayne
Jones took a night stroll through
the streets of Martinsburg, W.Va.
A police officer saw Mr. Jones
walking illegally in the road that
night in 2013 and asked whether
he was carrying a weapon. Mr.
Jones, who had a small knife, and
the police got into a tussle, after
which one officer accused Mr.
Jones of stabbing him. Fifteen
minutes later, Mr. Jones lay on the
ground facedown between a stone
wall and five officers, who had
fired 22 bullets at his backside.
Mr. Jones’s brothers, Robert
and Bruce, have tried for years to
hold the police accountable for
Wayne’s death but have repeat-
edly run into hurdles: Most re-
cently, the officers claimed they
could not be held liable under so-
called qualified immunity, an eso-
teric legal doctrine invoked by po-
lice departments across the coun-
try for decades in response to alle-
gations of excessive force. It pro-
vides legal protections for officers
when they are accused of vio-
lating others’ constitutional
rights.
Once a little-known rule, quali-
fied immunity has emerged as a
flash point in the protests spurred
by Mr. Floyd’s killing and galva-
nized calls for police reform. In the
vast majority of cases of police
brutality, officers are never crimi-
nally prosecuted. For families of
victims seeking some sort of relief
through the justice system, quali-
fied immunity presents another
obstacle to obtaining financial or
other damages. Even in the rare
cases where the officers are
charged, as in Mr. Floyd’s death,
the police can still claim qualified
immunity if relatives or victims
sue them.
“Every time across the country
that I hear of a new case, I see a
news report of another victim, it
just opens up the wounds again,”
Robert Jones said. “It makes it
feel like it just happened yester-
day.”
Activists have seized on quali-
fied immunity as what they see as
one of the biggest problems with
policing and argued that it shields
officers from being held account-
able in cases of misconduct. Police
leaders said it was essential for of-
ficers’ ability to respond to calls
and to make split-second deci-
sions.
Qualified immunity is a focal
point of the new debate on Capitol
Hill over how to address systemic
racism in policing and use of ex-
cessive force. House Democrats
unveiled a bill that would allow
victims of police brutality to seek
damages from their assailants. A
competing Senate Republican bill
made no mention of qualified im-
munity, and the White House
press secretary, Kayleigh McE-
nany, called it a “total and com-
plete nonstarter.”
State legislatures have taken up
the issue as well. The Colorado
General Assembly became the
first to eliminate qualified immu-
nity this month.
“It’s a message that’s sent in
these cases — that officers can vi-
olate people’s rights with impuni-
ty,” said Joanna Schwartz, a pro-
fessor of law at the University of
California, Los Angeles, who has
written extensively on the doc-
trine. “That is outrageous to peo-
ple and causing people to act.”
In 1967, amid another era
marked by civil rights protests,
the Supreme Court introduced
qualified immunity to protect gov-
ernment officials acting in good
faith — not just police officers —
from financial liability. In a case
involving clergy members who
said they were wrongfully ar-
rested on charges of breach of
peace for entering a whites-only
bus terminal waiting room, the
justices argued that if officers
were personally held responsible
for their misconduct, it might de-
ter them from performing their
duties and making arrests.
The court expanded the protec-
tion in ensuing decades, and it
now covers “all but the plainly in-
competent or those who know-
ingly violate the law,” a rationale
offered by the Supreme Court in
1986 in an unlawful arrest case.
As a result, victims and families
accusing police officers of brutal-
ity must find a virtually identical
case where officers were held re-
sponsible to cite as precedent in
cases where officers claim quali-
fied immunity.
Since Mr. Brown’s shooting
death by a white officer in 2014
and protests over it prompted a
national conversation about rac-
ism and police brutality, both lib-
eral and conservative justices
have expressed doubts about the
doctrine. Justice Sonia Sotomayor
wrote in 2018 that the doctrine
“tells officers that they can shoot
first and think later, and it tells the
public that palpably unreasonable
conduct will go unpunished.”
When the Supreme Court de-
clined last week to take up several
cases concerning qualified immu-
nity, Justice Clarence Thomas, the
lone dissenting voice, expressed
“strong doubts” about the doc-
trine.
Critics have accused the court
of arbitrarily contriving it. At a
House Judiciary Committee hear-
ing last week, Representative Jer-
rold R. Nadler, Democrat of New
York and the committee chair-
man, said that before qualified im-
munity was “invented” by the Su-
preme Court, “the world did not
fall in.”
David Cole, the national legal
director of the American Civil Lib-
erties Union, which filed one of the
petitions rejected by the Supreme
Court last week, called the doc-
trine “a free pass” for police offi-
cers “to violate constitutional
rights without being held to ac-
count.”
Though the doctrine is intended
to protect officers from paying for
the damages they cause, he said
the result is that officers are more
likely to abuse their powers. “Fis-
cal concerns are overriding con-
cerns about justice and police ac-
countability,” Mr. Cole added.
Advocates on behalf of the po-
lice insisted that qualified immu-
nity was necessary for officers to
protect the public. Its protections
allow officers to make life-or-
death decisions in a matter of sec-
onds, they said, and without it,
fewer people might be willing to
join police forces.
Bill Johnson, the executive di-
Protesters and the police in Atlanta. Qualified immunity limits liability in cases of police brutality.
JASON ANDREW FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
JASON ANDREW FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
rector of the National Association
of Police Organizations, said crit-
ics of qualified immunity were
seizing on the moment to attack a
doctrine that had little to do with
the widely condemned deaths of
Mr. Floyd and Rayshard Brooks,
who was shot to death this month
by the police in a Wendy’s parking
lot in Atlanta, and unfairly target-
ing the police.
The doctrine does not apply in
criminal cases like those pending
against the officers involved in the
death of Mr. Floyd. Derek Chau-
vin, a Minneapolis police officer,
was recorded on video pinning Mr.
Floyd to the ground for nearly
nine minutes as Mr. Floyd pro-
tested that he could not breathe.
Mr. Chauvin was charged with
second-degree murder, and the
other three officers involved were
charged with aiding and abetting
in Mr. Floyd’s death. None has en-
tered a plea in court.
“The proponents looking at
qualified immunity are kind of
cynically taking advantage of a
horrific situation to change the
law in a different area that does
not apply to that area at all,” Mr.
Johnson said.
But the charges in the deaths of
Mr. Floyd and Mr. Brooks are
anomalies. According to Mapping
Police Violence, a group that col-
lects data on police shootings, of
the 1,147 people killed by the police
in 2017, officers were charged with
a crime in 13 of the cases, or about
1 percent.
In the vast majority of cases
where officers are not charged,
JOSHUA RASHAAD MCFADDEN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
JASON ANDREW FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
When “I see a news report of
another victim, it just opens up
the wounds again,” said Robert
Jones, whose brother, Wayne
Jones, below, was killed by the
police in 2013 near this alley in
Martinsburg, W. Va., left. The
officers were not charged.
victims can pursue justice only in
the form of financial or other dam-
ages through lawsuits. Qualified
immunity can block them from ob-
taining relief.
Republicans in Congress have
rejected any change to the broad
protection afforded to police offi-
cers. Senator Tim Scott, Republi-
can of South Carolina, who spon-
sored his party’s bill, called Demo-
crats’ effort to eliminate qualified
immunity a “poison pill.” Republi-
cans’ policing bill would create in-
centives for departments to use
body cameras and ban choke-
holds as well as create a system to
track misconduct.
Senator Lindsey Graham, Re-
publican of South Carolina and the
chairman of the Senate Judiciary
Committee, did signal an open-
ness to revisiting the doctrine at a
committee meeting last week.
“Maybe there’s something we can
do with the concept of qualified
immunity that would put more ac-
countability into the agencies that
run police departments,” he sug-
gested.
Another Republican senator,
Mike Braun of Indiana, intro-
duced legislation Tuesday that
would change how qualified im-
munity was applied.
Wayne Jones’s family won a
small victory this month when the
federal Fourth Circuit Court of Ap-
peals ruled that the officers in-
volved in his killing could not
claim qualified immunity. Noting
that the F.B.I. had just begun in-
vestigating Mr. Floyd’s killing, the
court wrote, “This has to stop.”
Mr. Jones’s relatives are await-
ing a decision from the West Vir-
ginia Supreme Court about
whether they are entitled to see
secret testimony given to the
grand jury that voted not to indict
the officers and whether they are
entitled to a new grand jury alto-
gether to investigate the case
anew.
Seven years later, Quakers and
other groups in the area host
monthly vigils for Mr. Jones. And
for his brother Robert, the feeling
of loss is still fresh. He never
watched the footage of his broth-
er’s killing in full, but he mustered
up the courage to watch the final
minutes of Mr. Floyd’s life. It
brought him to tears, and he said
that protections for officers, like
qualified immunity, are to blame
in the deaths.
“It’s like a thief,” he said. “If you
keep letting the thief get away
with it, he’s going to keep on doing
it. If you keep letting these people
kill and harass and hurt people,
they’re going to keep on doing it.”
G.O.P. Police-Reform Bill
By CATIE EDMONDSON
WASHINGTON — Senate
Democrats said on Tuesday that
they would block Republicans’ at-
tempts to advance a narrow bill to
encourage police departments to
revise their practices, rejecting
the measure as “woefully inade-
quate” and setting up a clash that
could mark the death of a fledgling
congressional effort to address ra-
cial bias in law enforcement.
Their decision, outlined the day
before a planned test vote on the
Republican bill, reflected deep op-
position to the measure among
Democrats and civil rights lead-
ers, who have dismissed the legis-
lation as an antiquated response
to systemic racism in policing.
It also reflected an election-
year political bet by Democrats
that they can gain more by block-
ing what they consider a funda-
mentally flawed measure — and
blaming Republicans for the de-
mise of reform efforts — than by
trying to salvage it, which could
provide cover for Republicans and
the majority leader, Senator Mitch
McConnell of Kentucky, in the
eyes of voters who increasingly
regard the issue as urgent.
“No bill will pass as a result of
this ploy by Senator McConnell,”
Senator Chuck Schumer of New
York, the minority leader, said on
the Senate floor. Mr. Schumer im-
plored Republicans to negotiate a
more expansive bill that both par-
ties could support. “The Republi-
can majority has given the Senate
a bad bill and proposed no credi-
ble way to sufficiently improve it,”
he said.
The Republican bill, spear-
headed by Senator Tim Scott of
South Carolina, the party’s lone
African-American member in the
chamber, is vastly different from
the one congressional Democrats
have proposed. The Democratic
bill is expected to pass the House
on Thursday; Mr. McConnell has
said that package is “going no-
where” in his chamber.
Mr. Scott’s bill would provide in-
centives for state and local police
departments to make changes, in-
cluding limiting the use of choke-
holds and penalizing departments
that do not require the use of body
cameras, but would not alter the
qualified immunity doctrine that
shields officers from lawsuits or
place new federal restrictions on
the use of lethal force.
The expansive House measure
would change qualified immunity,
raise the bar for the use of lethal
force, make it easier to track and
prosecute police misconduct, and
aim to force departments to elimi-
nate the use of chokeholds.
If Senate Republicans fail on
Wednesday to muster the 60 votes
necessary to advance to debate on
Mr. Scott’s bill — as now seems all
but certain — it would be a major
setback in efforts to enact an over-
haul this year. And it would be the
latest in a litany of pressing issues
that have paralyzed the Senate,
where freewheeling debate, nego-
tiation and compromise on legis-
lation have become the exception
rather than the rule.
Republicans were furious on
Tuesday at Democrats’ refusal to
advance the measure and accused
them of deliberately creating a
logjam for political purposes.
“If your objective is to solve the
issue of police reform and not
campaign on the issue of police re-
form, the way you do that is by
coming to the table and voting
yes, so that we have an opportuni-
ty before the entire American pub-
lic to understand what the differ-
ences are, iron them out and move
it forward,” Mr. Scott told report-
ers. “If this is more about cam-
paign rhetoric and presidential
elections, then they will not vote
yes for this.”
Mr. McConnell brushed away
Democrats’ complaints and in-
sisted that the Senate would pro-
ceed with the vote on Wednesday,
arguing that they should at least
try to modify the measure rather
than rejecting it out of hand.
“If they don’t feel like they’ve
had fair treatment, their remedy
is to refuse to finish the bill,” he
said. “There’s literally no harm
done by debating this important
topic.”
But Democrats appeared to see
plenty of risk in proceeding with a
measure that falls well short of
what their core supporters de-
mand, and to be confident that
voters would blame Republicans,
not them, for the death of the polic-
ing overhaul effort.
In a letter to Mr. McConnell, Mr.
Schumer, along with Senators Ka-
mala Harris of California and Cory
Booker of New Jersey — sponsors
of the Democratic bill — called the
G.O.P. measure “so threadbare
and lacking in substance that it
does not even provide a proper
baseline for negotiations.”
“We will not meet this moment
by holding a floor vote on the Jus-
tice Act, nor can we simply amend
this bill,” they wrote. “This bill is
not salvageable, and we need bi-
Emily Cochrane, Nicholas Fandos
and Luke Broadwater contributed
reporting.
partisan talks to get to a construc-
tive starting point.”
They received additional cover
after dozens of civil rights groups,
including the N.A.A.C.P. and the
Leadership Conference on Civil
and Human Rights wrote to law-
makers urging them to block the
legislation.
“The question simply is: Who
do you trust more on police reform
in America?” Mr. Booker said.
“The N.A.A.C.P. or Mitch McCon-
nell?”
The breakdown fueled frustra-
tion and finger-pointing, even as a
frenzied round of hushed discus-
sions unfolded in private to try to
salvage the effort.
In a tense back and forth on the
floor, Senator John Cornyn of
Texas, one of the drafters of the
Republican bill, asked Ms. Harris
how she could oppose legislation
that included a bill she spear-
headed that would make lynching
a federal crime.
“It’s like asking a mother: Save
one of your children and leave the
others,” Ms. Harris replied.
In private, Mr. Scott shocked his
colleagues when he spoke at Re-
publicans’ weekly luncheon about
death threats he and his aides had
received in recent days, according
to two officials who spoke on the
condition of anonymity to discuss
the closed-door remarks. He
played some aloud for his col-
leagues, all of whom are white.
The calls, filled with profanity
AL DRAGO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Senator Chuck Schumer, the
minority leader, said Republi-
cans had produced “a bad bill.”
and racist slurs, included one dia-
tribe addressed to “Uncle Tim,”
where the caller, after cruelly and
profanely condemning Mr. Scott,
his family and some of his Repub-
lican colleagues, told Mr. Scott to
“take your one-way ticket straight
to hell.”
One caller discussed putting the
senator “in his cross hairs,” Mr.
Scott said.
“It’s interesting that we are on
the right side of the police reform
conversation, yet we’re on the
wrong side according to the peo-
ple, based on the way that we are
characterized in the national
press,” Mr. Scott said in a brief in-
terview, after playing two of the
calls.
While racist attacks and threats
are not new to Mr. Scott or his of-
fice, he said they had become
more aggressive in recent days.
Both parties have reason to re-
sist a compromise. Republicans
have rushed to devise a response
to the public outcry for change,
putting forward significant polic-
ing legislation for the first time in
years and beginning to speak in
frank terms about racism in
America, a topic they have often
avoided. But they are unwilling to
stray too far from President
Trump — who has emphasized
“law and order,” advocated tough
police tactics and ignored the is-
sue of racism in law enforcement
— and risk alienating their base
with the kind of sweeping meas-
ures Democrats are demanding.
Eyeing an increasingly favor-
able political environment, Demo-
crats have little incentive to adopt
a narrower overhaul, or open
themselves to difficult votes on
law enforcement matters. The col-
lapse of the Senate bill would al-
low them to skewer Republicans
for failing to adequately respond
to the crisis as they try to regain
the Senate majority in the fall.
And if their refusal to budge
produces concessions by Republi-
cans, they could still claim credit.
“I do not intend to be a part of a
discussion where some might sug-
gest Democrats are trying to
stand in the way of police reform,”
Ms. Harris told reporters. “In this
case, sadly, it is the Democrats —
not with any of our Republican
colleagues, at least so far — that
are doing the real work of engag-
ing in what must be reform of the
system.”
Some lawmakers were holding
out hope that closed-door conver-
sations between Mr. Scott, Mr.
Booker, Ms. Harris and others
could yet yield a compromise. But
leaving one such meeting on Tues-
day afternoon, Mr. Scott voiced no
such optimism.
“If they won’t even start it,” he
said of Democrats, “that tells me
that this is already over.”

Census Bureau Adds Top-Level Political Posts, Raising Fears for 2020 Count
By MICHAEL WINES
WASHINGTON — The Census
Bureau said on Tuesday that it
had created two new top-level po-
sitions and filled them with politi-
cal appointees from outside the
agency, an unprecedented move
that revived concerns the national
population count has turned in-
creasingly partisan.
The census, which is constitu-
tionally mandated to count every
person in the country every dec-
ade, has traditionally been carried
out in a rigidly nonpartisan fash-
ion.
But critics fear that the appoint-
ments are the latest sign that the
census, which is used to apportion
federal dollars and political repre-
sentation, has become increas-
ingly politicized — and a way for
Republicans to bend census re-
sults to advance their electoral in-
terests.
Tuesday’s announcement
comes almost one year after the
Supreme Court ruled that the ad-
ministration could not ask census
respondents whether they were
American citizens. This ended a
bitter legal battle over charges
that Republicans were trying to
deter immigrants, ethnic minor-
ities and others who tend to vote
Democratic from responding to
Baseball’s Shortened Season Is in Trouble Before It Even Begins
From Page A1
empty stadiums.
On Monday, the league exer-
cised its right to impose a 60-game
season, which is expected to begin
on July 23 or 24. Late Tuesday, the
union announced its concerns
about the players’ health and
safety during the pandemic had
been settled, clearing the way for
the athletes to report to training
camps.
The negotiations that led to the
agreement were haunted by
memories of a 1994 strike that
canceled that year’s World Series
and devastated the sport for
years. A canceled season and a 17-
month gap without games could
have brought an even bigger ca-
lamity for the sport.
“It’s absolute death for this in-
dustry to keep acting as it has
been,” Trevor Bauer, an outspoken
Cincinnati Reds pitcher, wrote on
Twitter. “Both sides. We’re driving
the bus straight off a cliff. How is
this good for anyone involved?
Covid 19 already presented a lose-
lose-lose situation and we’ve
somehow found a way to make it
worse. Incredible.”
The reasons for the breakdown,
Mr. Ganis said, included a “terri-
ble relationship” between the
league and the players’ union, an
open-ended agreement in March
between the sides, the upcoming
labor fight after the 2021 season
and “greed, when the rest of the
country is hurting so badly.”
Making matters worse, he said,
baseball was already dealing with
cable cord-cutting that had dam-
aged teams’ broadcast revenues,
an aging fan base and an inability
to speed up the game’s pace of
play. Over the winter, the emer-
gence of a scandal in which the
Houston Astros were found to
have illegally used live video
feeds to steal opposing catchers’
signs during their 2017 champi-
onship season further damaged
the sport’s reputation.
“It’s amazing they couldn’t
even get together during an inter-
national pandemic,” Mr. Ganis
said of the players and owners.
Still, completing any sort of plan
to play this year was a victory,
even if the public back-and-forth
between wealthy players and
even wealthier owners during a
pandemic made for poor optics.
But the drawn-out process might
look worse in retrospect if a feared
Father Whose Infant Twins Died in Hot Car Avoids Prison After Guilty Plea
By ANDREA SALCEDO
and ED SHANAHAN
A father whose infant twins
died in the Bronx last summer af-
ter he left them in an overheated
car while he went to work will
avoid prison after pleading guilty
on Tuesday to two misdemeanor
charges, officials said.
The father, Juan Rodriguez, was
initially charged with manslaugh-
ter and criminally negligent homi-
cide after being arrested in the
deaths of the 1-year-old twins,
Luna and Phoenix, last July.
Darcel D. Clark, the Bronx dis-
trict attorney, ultimately did not
seek an indictment on those
charges. On Tuesday, she said that
Mr. Rodriguez had pleaded guilty
to two counts of reckless endan-
germent in the case.
“These babies suffered horribly
and we owed them a thorough in-
vestigation,” Ms. Clark said in a
statement announcing the plea.
“This was a tragic, unfortunate in-
cident.”
Mr. Rodriguez, who has been
free on bail since his arrest, en-
tered his plea via video before
Judge Jeffrey Rosenblueth in
Bronx Criminal Court, and was
the survey.
Until now, only the director of
the Census Bureau, its congres-
sional liaison and its spokesper-
son have been political appoint-
ees. And for decades, the agency’s
directors and top managers have
been career statisticians, econo-
mists and survey methodologists
— sometimes eminent ones.
But neither appointee an-
nounced on Tuesday appears to
have the extensive experience in
census issues or administration
that is traditional for such senior
roles at the bureau.
In a news release, the bureau’s
director, Steven Dillingham, said
Nathaniel T. Cogley, a professor
who heads the government de-
partment at a Texas university,
would take a new position as dep-
uty director for policy.
Mr. Cogley, who received a
Ph.D. in political science from Yale
University in 2013, is an assistant
professor at Tarleton State Uni-
versity in Stephenville, Texas. His
résumé lists dozens of appear-
ances on television and radio pro-
grams as a commentator on politi-
cal issues, as well as opinion
pieces in which he has criticized
technical aspects of the Demo-
cratic House’s impeachment case
against President Trump.
Mr. Dillingham also said Mr.
A statue outside Coors Field, the home of the Colorado Rockies, in Denver. After protracted talks
between players and team owners, a 60-game baseball season seems ready to begin in late July.
second wave of infections in the
fall comes to fruition, when the
season could have started sooner.
While many players — and the
thousands of employees whose
livelihoods depend on games —
were thankful that a conclusion of
the dispute was imminent, some
remained concerned that even if a
season began, it might not be com-
pleted because of the unpredict-
able virus.
‘It’s absolute death for
this industry to keep
acting as it has been.’
Throughout the discussions,
M.L.B. executives and team own-
ers balked at union proposals for
seasons of 89 and 114 games that
would extend deeper into the year
than usual — not only because of
the money the teams would lose
holding games without fans, but
because they feared a resurgence
of the virus would wipe out the lu-
crative postseason.
Under the plan imposed by
Commissioner Rob Manfred on
Monday, a second spring training
will begin next week, with open-
ing day in late July — about four
sentenced to a one-year condi-
tional discharge.
Joey Jackson, Mr. Rodriguez’s
lawyer, said in a statement that
the plea was a “just and appropri-
ate resolution” to the case and that
his client had agreed to it “so that
he can move on with his life and
get this behind him.”
“Mr. Rodriguez and his family
continue to heal and work toward
the day where all children can be
made safer in hot cars,” Mr. Jack-
son said.
On the day the twins died, Mr.
Rodriguez, a 39-year-old Army
veteran, left his home in New City,
N.Y., for his job as a social worker
at the James J. Peters V.A. Medi-
cal Center in the Bronx. His son
Tristan, who was 4 at the time,
was also in the car.
Mr. Rodriguez dropped the old-
er child at a day care center before
continuing on to work, the police
said. In the process, he told the po-
lice, he forgot to drop the twins off
at their day care center.
After arriving at the hospital,
where he counseled disabled vet-
erans, he went inside, forgetting
that the children were still in the
car, the police said. He returned to
his car at the end of the workday
THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
Cogley’s senior adviser would be
Adam Korzeniewski, described on
a LinkedIn page bearing his name
as a former political consultant for
Republican candidates who most
recently worked for five months in
a Census Bureau field job in New
York.
Mr. Korzeniewski earned a
bachelor’s degree in statistics and
computer science in 2017 from Co-
lumbia University, according to
Neither appointee
appears to have the
résumé for such roles.
the LinkedIn page, which appears
to have been taken down. Before
then, according to the profile, Mr.
Korzeniewski spent five years in
the Marines, including a stretch in
Afghanistan.
The two men have been work-
ing since April as advisers to a
deputy of Commerce Secretary
Wilbur L. Ross Jr., who oversees
the Census Bureau. The news re-
lease said they would “help the
bureau achieve a complete and ac-
months after the originally sched-
uled season opener. A normal sea-
son is 162 games; this one would
be the shortest since the early
years of the National League in
the late 1870s.
The extended disagreement be-
tween M.L.B. owners and the
players’ union began in March, af-
ter the two sides quickly negotiat-
ed a return-to-play pact that they
interpreted in vastly different
ways in the following months.
In that deal, the players agreed
to be paid on a per-game basis, but
M.L.B. later expected further sal-
ary concessions for a season
played without fans in the stands.
Long skeptical of owners crying
poor, the union did not budge,
wary of setting a precedent that
could weaken them in negotia-
tions for a new collective bargain-
ing agreement when the current
one ends after next season.
Given the mistrust and animos-
ity exhibited by the sides during
these negotiations, a lockout
ahead of the 2022 season feels just
as likely — if not more.
As it became increasingly clear
there would be no fans at baseball
games this summer, M.L.B. re-
peatedly proposed further pay
cuts and a shorter season, while
players held firm on receiving full
prorated pay and pushed for more
Juan Rodriguez leaving court in the Bronx last year with his son
Tristan and wife, Marissa, who wrote, “I still love my husband.”
and drove a short distance before
realizing the twins were in the
back seat and appeared lifeless,
he told the police.
At that point, the police said, Mr.
Rodriguez jumped from his car
and screamed, alerting a passer-
by who called emergency serv-
ices. The children were pro-
nounced dead at the scene.
“I assumed I had dropped them
off at day care before I went to
work,” he said, according to court
curate 2020 census and study fu-
ture improvements” in technol-
ogy and data collection.
“The importance of more and
better data for decision making
will continue as the heart of the
Census Bureau mission,” the re-
lease stated.
The announcement quickly
drew sharp criticism from outside
experts and groups that have
been pressing for a complete and
nonpartisan census. And it comes
on the heels of recent White
House moves to fire the heads of
two other traditionally nonparti-
san federal agencies — the Post
Office and Voice of America — and
replace them with Trump loy-
alists.
A veteran private consultant on
census issues for business and
nonprofit groups, Terri Ann
Lowenthal, called the Census Bu-
reau appointments “deeply dis-
turbing.”
“Their proximity to the director
and lack of relevant expertise sug-
gest a thinly veiled effort to inter-
fere in the implementation and
outcome of the 2020 census for the
administration’s benefit,” said Ms.
Lowenthal, who oversaw a review
of federal statistical operations for
President Barack Obama’s 2008
transition team.
Kenneth Prewitt, a Columbia
DAVID ZALUBOWSKI/ASSOCIATED PRESS
games. The rhetoric between the
sides grew more acrimonious
with each statement released and
each letter exchanged.
Soon after the union cut off ne-
gotiations earlier this month and
called for M.L.B. to set the sched-
ule per the March agreement, Mr.
Manfred went on national televi-
sion to say he was “not confident”
a season would be played at all
this year.
He eventually rekindled talks
with the union’s executive direc-
tor, Tony Clark, but even then the
sides couldn’t agree on the frame-
work they had discussed during a
meeting in Arizona.
The owners last week proposed
a 60-game season that included
expanded playoffs, a universal
designated hitter, 104 percent of
prorated salaries, $25 million
from a playoff pool and $33 million
in forgiven salary advances. The
union countered with a 70-game
season, and other sweeteners, but
the owners refused to even con-
sider that proposal.
An agreement would have
called for both sides to waive their
right for a grievance, which the
union had threatened to pursue
for substantial payouts on claims
that the league had negotiated in
bad faith. After the union resound-
ingly rejected the owners’ offer on
JAMES KEIVOM FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
documents. “I blanked out. My ba-
bies are dead. I killed my babies.”
After her husband was ar-
rested, Ms. Rodriguez pleaded for
the authorities to treat him with
leniency. She called the twins’
deaths “my absolute worst night-
mare.”
“Though I am hurting more
than I ever imagined possible, I
still love my husband,” Ms. Rodri-
guez wrote in a statement. “He is a
good person and great father and I
University professor who headed
the Census Bureau during the
2000 count, called the appoint-
ments “a frightening develop-
ment.”
“Two decades ago, I said it was
impossible for the White House to
manipulate data in such a way as
to affect the distribution of seats in
Congress,” he said. “I was wrong.
If this plays out as we fear, this
would be a partisan use of the cen-
sus that is unprecedented.”
The bureau did not immediately
respond to requests for comment
on the reaction or for interviews
with the two appointees.
Last year the administration
lost a pitched legal battle over the
census that centered on charges
that the White House was trying
to rig the population count to ben-
efit Republicans.
In that fight, Mr. Ross sought to
add a question on citizenship to
the census questionnaire, saying
it was needed to better enforce
civil rights laws. The Supreme
Court rejected that explanation as
not credible, and much of the evi-
dence suggested that his real mo-
tive was to discourage racial and
ethnic minorities from filling out
census forms.
The resulting population totals
would have depicted an older,
whiter America than actually ex-
A YEAR LIKE NO OTHER
This season’s compressed sched-
ule promises to make baseball
look vastly different. Page B8.
Monday, a move that preserved
the players’ grievance option, the
owners moved to implement a 60-
game season without expanded
playoffs or the additional financial
incentives for players.
Mr. Manfred then exercised the
option bestowed to him by the
March agreement to set a sched-
ule on his own.
The final holdup, completing
the health and safety protocols,
was resolved Tuesday night.
M.L.B. had given the players a 67-
page manual on health and safety
provisions, which detailed coro-
navirus testing multiple times per
week, new social distancing rules
for clubhouses and dugouts, and
criteria for which at-risk players
could opt out of playing. The man-
ual grew, and the sides signed off
on it Tuesday night.
Over the weekend M.L.B. shut
down all 30 teams’ spring training
complexes for extensive cleaning
after players and employees on
several teams — including the
Philadelphia Phillies and the Yan-
kees — tested positive for the vi-
rus.
Mr. Ganis speculated that the
N.B.A. might see a boost in ratings
this summer, and it may have to
shift the start of its 2020-21 season
back two months, as well — mov-
ing it further away from the popu-
lar N.F.L. and college football sea-
sons and deeper into baseball’s
summer territory.
Fans have gone since March 12
without baseball. After spring
training games in Florida that day,
M.L.B. put its operations on hold
and delayed its scheduled March
26 opening day at least two weeks
because of the virus’ spread. At
the time, some hoped baseball
would return in April — an idea
that seems naïve now.
Unlike the N.H.L. and N.B.A.,
which had played the majority of
their regular seasons by the time
the pandemic struck North Amer-
ica, M.L.B. had not begun its own.
And despite a meandering route
to an unfamiliar season, M.L.B. is
still set to beat them to action — by
a week.
Tyler Kepner contributed report-
ing.
know he would’ve never done
anything to hurt our children in-
tentionally.”
Struggling to come to terms
with what he had done, Mr. Rodri-
guez contacted a psychology pro-
fessor who studies why parents
forget their children in cars.
“He thought he was the only
person who had ever done this,”
the professor, David Diamond,
said in an interview last summer.
Since 1988, Professor Diamond
said, about 440 children in the
United States had died of heat-
stroke after being left in cars,
mostly because of what he de-
scribed as memory lapses.
Last year, 53 children in the
United States died of heatstroke in
hot cars, according to KidsAnd-
Cars.org, an organization that
tracks such deaths.
Prosecutors are more likely to
pursue criminal charges if they
can prove a caregiver left a child
in a car on purpose, to run an er-
rand, for example.
Ms. Clark, the district attorney,
reminded parents and others to be
mindful. “I hope that as the swel-
tering weather is upon us,” she
said, “caregivers will be extra vig-
ilant about children in vehicles.”
N A17
ists, boosting the power of the Re-
publican Party’s core constituen-
cy when census totals are used to
draw new political boundaries
next year.
Some veteran Census Bureau
officials are increasingly worried
that the new appointees will seek
to skew the 2020 census totals in a
similarly inaccurate way.
Since arriving at the Commerce
Department in April, Mr. Cogley
and Mr. Korzeniewski have met
with several Census Bureau offi-
cials to discuss the agency’s oper-
ations. According to one senior
census official who spoke on con-
dition of anonymity for fear of ret-
ribution, they have repeatedly
questioned the need for census
operations that focus on accu-
rately counting the nation’s hard-
est-to-reach residents.
Those so-called hard-to-count
populations — overwhelmingly
minorities and lower-income resi-
dents — are the last crucial seg-
ment that the 2020 census has yet
to reach.
In a normal census, the bureau
dispatches an army of field work-
ers during the summer to count
those populations in person. But
the pandemic has halted those ef-
forts for months, and the bureau
only now is starting to gear up for
that part of the count.
Corrections
FRONT PAGE
An article on May 24 about the
lives that were lost to the coro-
navirus pandemic misstated the
age and city of Melita Baker.
She was 86, not 89, and of Nor-
well, Mass., not Irvington, N.Y.
INTERNATIONAL
An article on Monday about the
Serbian president, Aleksandar
Vucic, misstated whom he will
meet with at the White House
this week. He is scheduled to
meet Richard Grenell, the
United States envoy to the
Balkans, but not with President
Trump.
ARTS
An article on Monday about an
effort to preserve music com-
posed in Nazi concentration
camps misstated the name for a
series of recordings made by
Francesco Lotoro. It is KZ
Music, not K2 Music.
METROPOLITAN
An article last weekend about
an infamous brawl involving
Yankees players at the Copaca-
bana club in 1957 referred incor-
rectly to one of them. Not all of
the players involved are dead;
Whitey Ford is still alive.
OBITUARIES
Because of an editing error, an
obituary on Monday about the
dance critic and historian Sally
Banes misidentified the institu-
tion at the University of Wiscon-
sin at Madison where she was
director in 2001 and 2002. It is
the Institute for Research in the
Humanities, not the Center for
the Humanities.
An obituary on Monday about
the filmmaker Joel Schumacher
misstated the location of the
Henri Bendel department store
in Manhattan when he was a
window dresser there. It was on
West 57 Street at the time, not
Fifth Avenue. (It relocated to
Fifth Avenue later.)
An obituary on May 9 about Ji
Chaozhu, a longtime interpreter
for top Chinese officials, includ-
ing Mao Zedong and Deng
Xiaoping, misstated where he
attended high school. It was the
Horace Mann-Lincoln High
School in Manhattan, not the
Horace Mann High School in
the Bronx. This correction was
delayed for research.
Errors are corrected during the
press run whenever possible, so
some errors noted here may not
have appeared in all editions.
Contact the Newsroom
nytnews@nytimes.com or call
1-844-NYT-NEWS (1-844-698-6397).
Editorials
letters@nytimes.com
Newspaper Delivery
customercare@nytimes.com or call
1-800-NYTIMES (1-800-698-4637).
Announcing Announcements
Celebrate your milestones in
The Times. 1-800-238-4637
A18 N THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
The 45th President The Executive Branch
Always Outspoken, Bolton Is Comfortable With Scorn From All Sides
By PETER BAKER
He knew what he was getting
into. He knew he would be show-
ered with brickbats from the left
for not speaking out sooner and
denounced by the right for speak-
ing out at all. He knew he would be
thrashed by thunderous presiden-
tial tweets, and he knew he might
even be dragged into court.
And yet John R. Bolton could
not help himself. For decades, he
has been the enfant terrible of the
political right, speaking out in
blunt and uncompromising terms
even at the risk of offending some
in his own party. That is what got
him on Fox News. That is what got
him speaking invitations. That is
what made him a hero to conser-
vatives who even urged him to run
for president.
But after a lifetime in conserva-
tive politics, Mr. Bolton has now
put himself in the cross hairs of
just about everybody as he pub-
lishes a scorching tell-all memoir
about his time as President
Trump’s national security adviser
in which he portrays the com-
mander in chief as a walking, talk-
ing constitutional and national se-
curity disaster who knows little
and cares little about anything
other than himself. After seeing
how it worked from the inside, Mr.
Bolton knows he will pay a price.
“Look, I thought many times in
the course of preparing this book
that given the series of two-
minute hates I was going to get
from Trump himself that the
whole thing wasn’t going to be
worth it,” he conceded in an inter-
view on Monday on the eve of the
book’s publication. “But I just fig-
ured ultimately you’ve got to go
through the hardships in order to
get the facts out. I’m fully pre-
pared for it. I’m not saying I’m go-
ing to enjoy it, but I understand
the environment we’re in. I just
think it’s important to tell the
story.”
Not everyone accepts the get-
the-facts-out explanation, seeing
instead some mix of ambition,
self-promotion, personal griev-
ance and a reported $2 million
book contract. Mr. Bolton is one
subject on which Mr. Trump and
Speaker Nancy Pelosi agree: He
is in it for himself, not the country,
cashing in rather than doing his
duty and hardly to be celebrated
as a public-spirited truth teller.
But whatever the motivations,
Mr. Bolton has presented the na-
tion with a caustic and hard-to-ig-
nore inside look at the 45th presi-
dent just as voters are about to de-
cide whether to reward him with
another four years in the White
House.
In Mr. Bolton’s book, “The
Room Where It Happened,” the
president solicits foreign powers
to help him win domestic elec-
Pompeo Panel Threatens
Human Rights, Critics Say
By PRANSHU VERMA
WASHINGTON — Inside the
State Department, the definition
of human rights is up for debate.
Secretary of State Mike Pom-
peo, an evangelical Christian, cre-
ated a commission last July to pro-
vide a new vision for human rights
policy that would more closely
align with the “nation’s founding
principles” and uphold religious
freedom as America’s most funda-
mental value.
Human rights scholars have
criticized the panel, saying it is
filled with conservatives intent on
promoting views against abortion
and marriage equality. Critics also
warn the commission sidesteps
the State Department’s internal
bureau tasked with promoting hu-
man rights abroad.
And former agency officials
caution that elevating the impor-
tance of religion could reverse the
country’s longstanding belief that
“all rights are created equal” —
and embolden countries that per-
secute same-sex couples or deny
women access to reproductive
health services for religious rea-
sons.
“There are those who would
have preferred I didn’t do it, and
are concerned about the answers
that our foundational documents
will provide,” Mr. Pompeo said of
the commission last fall to a con-
servative women’s group at the
Trump International Hotel in
Washington. “I know where those
rights came from. They came
from our Lord.”
He added: “Indeed, for years
under the last administration,
fighting for religious freedom was
just an afterthought. But Presi-
dent Trump, our administration,
recognizes it as our country’s first
freedom, and it’s found at the very
top of the Bill of Rights, so we kind
of got it right.”
The commission’s report is ex-
pected to be released in early July,
and is tightly held among Mr.
Pompeo’s top aides. Diplomats
note the report could be a tool to
John R. Bolton, the former national security adviser, was either fired or quit his position in the Trump administration last September.
tions, wants to intervene in crimi-
nal investigations to please dicta-
tors, threatens to blow up the na-
tion’s longstanding alliances, en-
dorses China’s creation of
concentration camps, presses for
adversaries to be prosecuted and
says journalists “should be exe-
cuted.”
While former advisers have for
decades written memoirs expos-
ing the foibles of presidents, even
while they are still in office, per-
haps none who served at a high
level has offered such an incrimi-
nating portrait since the Water-
gate era. And what makes Mr.
Bolton so different from other ref-
ugees from this White House or
drifting-to-the-left Never Trump
Republicans is that he is taking on
the president from the right, mak-
ing the case that when it comes to
conservatism, Mr. Trump is a
fraud.
“It’s perfectly apparent he’s not
a conservative,” Mr. Bolton said.
“I’m not saying he’s a hidden liber-
al. He’s a nothing in philosophical
terms.”
As a result, Mr. Bolton’s por-
trayal challenges Mr. Trump’s
conservative base-oriented strat-
egy by disputing the president’s
claims to be tough on China or
strong on national security. And
Mr. Bolton is trying to force Re-
advance Mr. Pompeo’s religious
beliefs and political aspirations,
while proving detrimental to pre-
serving the rights of women and
gay, lesbian, bisexual and trans-
gender people abroad.
“This is about the only human
right they seem to care about,”
David Kramer, who was assistant
secretary of state for the Bureau
of Democracy, Human Rights and
Labor in the George W. Bush Ad-
ministration, said of the commis-
sion’s focus on religion. “It seems
to be a play for political support
domestically, that could rebound
to our detriment in foreign policy.”
The panel’s recommendations
come as America’s commitment
to human rights faces skepticism
from organizations like the United
Nations. The peacekeeping body
issued a resolution on Friday con-
demning police brutality and sys-
temic racism against people of Af-
rican descent. Diplomats had to
drop specific references to the
United States to gain passage.
In response to the resolution,
Mr. Pompeo on Saturday said bod-
ies like the U.N.’s Human Rights
Council should “recognize the
strengths of American democracy
and urge authoritarian regimes
around the world to model” Amer-
ica’s values. (The United States
quit the council two years ago af-
ter accusing it of bias against Is-
rael.)
Experts warn this type of criti-
cism from Mr. Pompeo will hold
less sway if the secretary’s Com-
mission on Unalienable Rights
produces a document prioritizing
religion above all else. Such a doc-
ument could also play into the
hands of repressive governments
like Saudi Arabia and Iran that
seek to narrowly define human
rights.
The State Department declined
to comment on the questions re-
garding the commission.
Mr. Pompeo’s advisory panel
has met five times. The meetings
were public and have been min-
imally attended. Human rights
publicans to decide who they re-
ally are after allowing an outsider
to take over their party.
“The day after the election,
whether Trump wins or loses, we
face a real debate, maybe an exist-
ential debate, about what the fu-
ture of the Republican Party is,” he
said. He added, “I just think it’s
important for the Republican
Accused of cashing in,
but standing by a
story’s importance.
Party to separate itself from
Trump and for the conservative
philosophy to separate itself from
Trump.”
Mr. Bolton, 71, has been a Re-
publican stalwart far longer than
Mr. Trump. The son of a firefighter
and machinist, Mr. Bolton grew up
in Baltimore and became a con-
servative from an early age, pass-
ing out leaflets as a 15-year-old
boy for Barry Goldwater during
the 1964 presidential campaign
and later becoming part of what
he called the “conservative under-
ground” at Yale. A lawyer, he
advocates, former State Depart-
ment officials and academics say
they have been alarmed at what
has taken place.
“The bottom line: The commis-
sion is poised to adversely shape
U.S. foreign policy,” experts at
Duke University and Columbia
Law School wrote in a recent blog
post detailing the panel’s work. In
their analysis of the panel’s meet-
ings, they noted that a “general
skepticism” toward international
human rights pervaded commit-
tee discussions.
Many commission members,
they note, believe there are too
many human rights, including
Mary Ann Glendon, the head of
the commission, who has said “if
everything is a right, then nothing
is.”
If the commission’s report to
Mr. Pompeo reflects the panel’s
discussions to date, and makes a
case to prioritize one human right
over another, observers say it
could upend diplomatic efforts to
stop the Chinese persecution of
the Uighur minority and promote
women’s rights in places like Iran
and Saudi Arabia.
“My hope is that this document
doesn’t come close to establishing
served in the administrations of
Presidents Ronald Reagan,
George Bush and George W. Bush,
eventually rising to become am-
bassador to the United Nations.
With his trademark bushy mus-
tache and his say-anything style,
he became known as one of Wash-
ington’s most outspoken hawks,
derisively scorning international
organizations that in his view are
feckless and diminish American
sovereignty while advocating re-
gime change in rogue states like
Iran and North Korea. While he
was not one of the architects of the
Iraq war, as he is often described,
he was a vocal supporter and re-
mains so.
Mr. Trump, 74, by contrast, has
switched political parties a half-
dozen times and favored negotia-
tions with the likes of North Korea
and a friendship with Russia. De-
spite that, Mr. Bolton agreed in
2018 to become his third national
security adviser, convincing him-
self, like others before him, that he
could manage the volatile person-
ality in the Oval Office.
“Despite what everybody said,
I just fundamentally didn’t believe
it was as bad as they were saying
— and as it turned out,” he said
Monday.
For Mr. Bolton, it was a transac-
something that looks like a hierar-
chy of rights,” said Rob Berschin-
ski, a deputy assistant secretary
of state for the Bureau of Democ-
racy, Human Rights and Labor in
the Obama administration. “But if
it does, repressive governments
are going to point to that fact and
use it against this, and future ad-
ministrations, to basically say:
‘We are no different than you. You
have your priorities; we have
ours. Now butt out.’ ”
Committee members were
handpicked by Mr. Pompeo’s staff,
and most of them are conserva-
tives with strong academic cre-
dentials.
In the months after its creation,
Mr. Pompeo expressed confidence
the panel would create a docu-
ment that enshrines religious
freedom as a central tenet of
American human rights policy,
which diplomats could refer to for
“decades to come.”
The panel is grounded in the vi-
sion of Robert George, a Princeton
professor and leading proponent
of “natural law” theory, a term hu-
man rights scholars say is code for
“God-given rights” and is com-
monly deployed in fights to roll
back rights for women and
TOM BRENNER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
tional relationship, a calculation
that the burden would be worth it
if he could accomplish some of his
long-held goals and prevent Mr.
Trump from making what he con-
sidered mistakes.
On his watch, Mr. Trump with-
drew the United States from the
Iran nuclear accord and the Inter-
mediate-Range Nuclear Forces
Treaty, both agreements that Mr.
Bolton detested. Mr. Bolton also
considered it a victory that the
president never made his own
agreement with Iran or with
North Korea, either of which he
was convinced would be to the
detriment of America. But Mr.
Trump and Mr. Bolton clashed so
many times that the adviser fi-
nally resigned in September, al-
though the president said he was
fired.
“He doesn’t operate on the basis
of philosophy or grand strategy or
policy,” Mr. Bolton said. “He oper-
ates on the basis of gut instinct
and what he thinks is good for
Donald Trump.” While the presi-
dent is often accused of a short at-
tention span, “when it comes to
the politics of his re-election, he
has an infinite attention span.”
Mr. Bolton’s apostasy has gen-
erated predictable blowback from
Mr. Trump and his remaining ad-
visers. The president called him a
T.J. KIRKPATRICK FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
L.G.B.T.Q. persons.
“The commission’s charge is
not to ‘discover’ new principles,”
Mr. George wrote in a document
outlining the commission’s vision,
“but rather to point the way to-
wards that more perfect fidelity to
our nation’s founding principles of
natural law and natural rights.”
Early language defining the
commission in federal documents
echoed Mr. George’s notion, say-
ing the panel would provide “fresh
thinking” on human rights discus-
sions, since conversations have
“departed from our nation’s
founding principles of natural law
and natural rights.”
This drew significant criticism
from human rights advocates, and
since then, the mission has altered
to say members will “furnish ad-
vice to the secretary for the pro-
motion of individual liberty, hu-
man equality, and democracy
through U.S. foreign policy.”
The commission is led by Ms.
Glendon, a Harvard professor and
former ambassador to the Vati-
can, who has garnered contro-
versy in the past for statements
like The Boston Globe’s receiving
the Pulitzer Prize for its investiga-
tion into child abuse by priests
“wacko.” Secretary of State Mike
Pompeo, who in the book was
quoted denigrating the president,
denounced Mr. Bolton as “a
traitor.” Sarah Huckabee Sanders,
a former White House press sec-
retary, called Mr. Bolton “a man
drunk with power.”
Other Republicans likewise
view Mr. Bolton as a turncoat, but
his critique resonates with plenty
of leading figures in the presi-
dent’s party who keep their views
to themselves. Instead, they ei-
ther avoid commenting or fall in
line with Mr. Trump, unwilling or
afraid to break with him. The five
incumbents endorsed by Mr.
Bolton last fall have either ducked
questions about him, like Senator
Cory Gardner of Colorado, or re-
nounced him.
Senator Tom Cotton of Arkan-
sas, one of those Mr. Bolton’s polit-
ical action committee backed, dis-
missed the book on Fox News,
saying that “I find many of the
claims to be simply implausible.”
Senator Thom Tillis of North Car-
olina, another of his chosen, en-
dorsed the view of a leading Dem-
ocratic congressman that Mr.
Bolton is no patriot. “For the first
time in my 14-year political career,
I agree with Adam Schiff,” he told
Politico.
Still, others said Mr. Bolton cuts
at the heart of Mr. Trump’s argu-
ment for re-election. “Bolton has
done more damage to President
Trump than anyone who has left
the administration,” said Anthony
Scaramucci, who served briefly as
White House communications di-
rector before breaking with Mr.
Trump. “This will have lasting ef-
fects on the president and under-
mine him with a group of his base
that are hard-core conservatives.”
Mr. Bolton said he was hardly
surprised by his former friends on
the right. “I understand the na-
ture of the situation we’re in, so
I’m prepared for it,” he said.
“There’s nobody who’s been in the
White House whose style of per-
sonal assault comes anywhere
close to Donald Trump.”
Even so, Mr. Bolton has hardly
joined the Never Trumpers who
have endorsed former Vice Presi-
dent Joseph R. Biden Jr. His break
from Mr. Trump has not changed
him. “That doesn’t mean I’ve be-
come a liberal Democrat,” he said.
“I’m still the same Goldwater Re-
publican I was on the day I started
in the job.”
He will not vote for Mr. Trump
or Mr. Biden. “My political plan for
the year is to hope for a miracle,”
he said, “and the miracle is that
some way or another a real con-
servative Republican is on the bal-
lot.”
He knows there is little hope of
that.
Scholars fear that a human
rights panel created by Secre-
tary of State Mike Pompeo is
prioritizing religious views that
could be damaging to women
and L.G.B.T.Q. people, espe-
cially in repressive nations.
“would be like giving the Nobel
Peace Prize to Osama bin Laden.”
This “is a group of individuals
who want to redefine how this
country balances human rights
interests and to tip the scales in fa-
vor of religious freedom, ” said
Mark Bromley, chair of the Coun-
cil for Global Equality, a coalition
of 30 human rights groups advo-
cating lesbian, gay, bisexual and
transgender rights in American
foreign policy.
Two Democratic representa-
tives, Jamie Raskin of Maryland
and Joaquin Castro of Texas,
warned the commission’s report
could “undermine our nation’s
ability to lead on critical issues of
universal human rights, including
reproductive freedom and protec-
tions for millions of people glob-
ally in the L.G.B.T.Q. community.”
Several human rights organiza-
tions have sued the State Depart-
ment, saying it is violating a fed-
eral law that requires advisory
panels like the Commission on Un-
alienable Rights to be “fairly bal-
anced” and transparent with
meeting documents at the time of
hearings.
The lawsuit is pending, and law-
yers representing the State De-
partment said last week the com-
mittee would invite public com-
ment on the report before the
commission’s work concluded.
Human rights observers
warned that any public comment
might not change what they pre-
dicted to be a preordained out-
come to prioritize religious free-
dom as America’s most valued hu-
man right based on Mr. Pompeo’s
beliefs and personal interest in the
panel.
“Through sheer force of politi-
cal will and personality,” Mr.
Bromley said, “he’s been pushing
it forward and has a very clear
idea, if you look at his writings and
speakings, of where he wants it to
end up.”

The 45th President The Agenda
Sentencing of Stone Was Politicized, a Former Prosecutor Plans to Testify
This article is by Nicholas Fandos,
Charlie Savage and Katie Benner.
Senior law enforcement offi-
cials intervened to seek a more le-
nient prison sentence for Presi-
dent Trump’s friend and ally
Roger J. Stone Jr. for political rea-
sons, a former prosecutor on the
case is expected to testify before
Congress on Wednesday, citing
his supervisor’s account of the
matter.
“What I heard — repeatedly —
was that Roger Stone was being
treated differently from any other
defendant because of his relation-
ship to the president,” the pros-
ecutor, Aaron S.J. Zelinsky, said in
a written opening statement sub-
mitted on Tuesday to the House
Judiciary Committee. A copy was
obtained by The New York Times.
Mr. Zelinsky is expected to be
joined by another current Justice
Department employee, John W.
Elias, a senior career official in the
antitrust division, who will tell the
committee that under Attorney
General William P. Barr’s leader-
ship, the division was forced for
political reasons to pursue unjus-
tified investigations of the fledg-
ling legal marijuana industry and
an antipollution pact between Cal-
ifornia and several automakers.
Democrats have portrayed both
men as whistle-blowers who are
covered by laws protecting civil
servants who share information
with Congress. Their emergence
now, as Mr. Barr battles questions
over the abrupt firing last week of
the top federal prosecutor in Man-
hattan who led investigations into
Mr. Trump’s associates, is certain
to fuel charges by Democratic and
some Republican critics that the
attorney general has corruptly
bent the department to meet Mr.
Trump’s interests and his own.
But at least in the case of Mr.
Zelinsky, the secondhand nature
of his account of the intervention
by Mr. Barr and the acting U.S. at-
torney in Washington at the time,
Timothy Shea, could undercut
some of its potential force. And
even Democrats concede that
with just months left in Mr.
Trump’s term, any revelations laid
before Congress may have little
effect on the fate of Mr. Barr, who
has repeatedly and unabashedly
defended his actions, or the de-
partment.
A department spokeswoman
said that the attorney general de-
termined that prosecutors’ rec-
ommendation for Mr. Stone’s sen-
tence was “excessive and incon-
sistent with similar cases” and
noted that a judge ultimately sen-
tenced Mr. Stone to about half the
Sharon LaFraniere contributed re-
porting.
In Arizona, President Talks About Wall and Vote Fraud Trump Family Seeks to Stop
By MICHAEL D. SHEAR
and ZOLAN KANNO-YOUNGS
President Trump traveled to the
southwestern border on Tuesday
to lift his flagging re-election cam-
paign with a renewed anti-immi-
grant appeal, bragging about the
progress his administration has
made in constructing a “big, beau-
tiful wall” before predicting to a
group of students at a Phoenix
mega church that the election
could be stolen in a huge fraud.
In a visit with handpicked bor-
der officials and Republican allies
in Yuma, Ariz., Mr. Trump sought
to revive the issue at the heart of
his 2016 victory: his portrayal of
immigrants as a threat to the eco-
nomic and personal security of
Americans, and his promise to
close the United States off from
much of the world.
“My administration has done
more than any administration in
history to secure our southern
border,” Mr. Trump boasted, citing
the completion of about 220 miles
of what he called a “powerful new”
wall on the border. “It’s the most
powerful and comprehensive bor-
der wall structure anywhere in
the world.”
Mr. Trump followed his border
visit with a rambling 90-minute
speech to a mostly maskless gath-
ering of Students for Trump in
Phoenix in which he vented about
the removal of Confederate monu-
ments, China’s handling of the co-
ronavirus outbreak and one of his
newer themes, voter fraud.
He ratcheted up his usual pre-
dictions of fraud in the November
election, made without any sup-
porting evidence, by suggesting
that mail-in ballots — which will
be in more widespread use as
Americans face limits on their
movements because of the virus
— were “a disaster for our coun-
try.”
He suggested at one point that
mail carriers could be held up as
they delivered ballots, which
could then be counterfeited by en-
emies foreign and domestic.
“This will be, in my opinion, the
most corrupt election in the his-
tory of our country,” the president
said to the crowd, which booed at
Jeremy Peters contributed report-
ing.
The House Judiciary Committee will hear testimony about claims that William P. Barr has politicized the Justice Department.
time — 40 months — that the pros-
ecutors had originally proposed.
“Mr. Zelinsky’s allegations con-
cerning the U.S. attorney’s moti-
vation are based on his own inter-
pretation of events and hearsay
(at best), not firsthand knowl-
edge,” said the spokeswoman,
Kerri Kupec, adding that Mr.
Zelinsky never spoke with any
member of the department’s lead-
ership about the case.
The intervention in the Stone
case is expected to be a major fo-
cus of the hearing. Mr. Zelinsky
and three fellow career prosecu-
tors recommended to a judge in
February that Mr. Stone receive
seven to nine years in prison, in
line with standard guidelines, for
perjury and other crimes related
to his sabotaging of a congres-
sional inquiry into Russia’s inter-
ference in the 2016 election and
links to the Trump campaign. Mr.
Stone served as the Trump cam-
paign’s principal intermediary to
WikiLeaks at the time it was pub-
lishing information stolen by the
Russians and damaging to Hillary
Clinton.
But as Mr. Trump attacked that
sentencing recommendation on
Twitter, the department began to
work on a new, more lenient rec-
President Trump visited a stretch of the border wall near Yuma,
Ariz., on Tuesday before heading to an event in Phoenix.
the mere mention of mailed bal-
lots.
His speech also targeted dem-
onstrators who have in recent
weeks tried to tear down monu-
ments of slaveholding Americans,
many of them former leaders of
the Confederacy.
“Lock ’em up. Lock ’em up,” he
said of the demonstrators, repeat-
ing the signature phrase of his
2016 campaign when he threat-
ened to jail his Democratic oppo-
nent, Hillary Clinton.
“You don’t burn buildings. You
don’t punish dissenters. And you
don’t erase the people with whom
you disagree,” Mr. Trump fumed.
“It’s called civilized people.”
The president’s visit to Arizona,
which included a brief stop at a
section of the wall, followed by a
day his decision to suspend most
worker visas for the rest of the
year, effectively denying entry
into the United States for more
than 500,000 foreigners, including
those seeking green cards to join
their family members.
Mr. Trump has used the threat
of the coronavirus to accelerate
his efforts to shut down legal and
illegal immigration, citing rarely
used public health laws to turn
back asylum seekers and impose
other travel restrictions. But the
centerpiece of the president’s ef-
forts to stop the flow of immigra-
tion has always been the wall.
And he hopes it resonates in Ar-
izona, a state Mr. Trump carried in
THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
ommendation. The four prosecu-
tors quit the case, and the request
was submitted without their sig-
natures.
Ms. Kupec said that Mr. Barr
had not discussed the sentencing
request with the president and
that he had decided to intervene
before Mr. Trump’s tweet.
Mr. Zelinsky will say that a su-
pervisor working on the case told
him there were “political reasons”
for more senior officials to resist
and then override prosecutors’
recommendation to follow the
sentencing guidelines and that
the supervisor agreed that doing
so “was unethical and wrong.”
Mr. Zelinsky did not say in his
written statement who specifi-
cally told him about what was go-
ing on. Jonathan Kravis, another
prosecutor who quit the case in
protest — and, unlike Mr. Zelin-
sky, also resigned from the Justice
Department — has written in an
op-ed in The Washington Post that
he “resigned because I was not
willing to serve a department that
would so easily abdicate its re-
sponsibility to dispense impartial
justice.”
The intervention came days af-
ter Mr. Barr had maneuvered the
Senate-confirmed U.S. attorney
DOUG MILLS/THE NEW YORK TIMES
2016, but which both parties now
see in play in November.
For more than a half-hour on
Tuesday, the president elicited
gushing praise from his border
and immigration officials, who
lauded his “leadership and deter-
mination” and repeatedly
thanked the president for what
Mark Morgan, the acting commis-
sioner of Customs and Border
Protection, called “220 new miles
of wall system that gives us an en-
hanced capability that we never
had.”
In fact, all but three of the 216
miles of border wall constructed
by the Trump administration are
essentially much larger replace-
ments of existing, dilapidated
fences or vehicle barriers — a fact
that Mr. Trump and his immigra-
tion advisers routinely dismiss.
The rate of construction has in-
creased as the administration
waived federal contracting laws,
pressing ahead with 100 miles of
wall in the past five months. But
Mr. Trump will not make good on
his original campaign promise to
build a wall along the entire bor-
der and have Mexico pay for it. In-
stead, Mr. Trump secured much of
the $15 billion of funding from
other government and military
spending to build the barrier.
And he has a long way to go to
reach his more modest milestone
of 450 miles of constructed border
wall by the end of the year. Stand-
ing in his way are private land-
for the District of Columbia, Jessie
K. Liu, out of her role and installed
Mr. Shea, who had been a close
aide from his own office.
Mr. Zelinsky planned to say he
was told that Mr. Shea “was re-
ceiving heavy pressure from the
highest levels of the Department
of Justice to cut Stone a break”
and complied because he was
“afraid of the president.” He and
other line prosecutors were told
that the case was “not the hill
worth dying on” and that they
could lose their jobs if they did not
fall in line, according to the state-
ment.
Mr. Zelinsky, a prosecutor in
Baltimore, had been detailed to
Washington to continue work on
the Stone case that was begun
while he worked for the special
counsel, Robert S. Mueller III. Mr.
Stone, citing the spread of the co-
ronavirus in federal prisons,
asked a federal judge Tuesday for
a two-month delay before he is
forced to begin serving his sen-
tence, which he was due to report
for next week. His motion said
that the U.S. attorney’s office in
Washington had told his lawyers
that based on the department’s
guidance about handling pan-
demic-related issues, the govern-
owners in South Texas, one of the
areas along the border most prone
to illegal crossings. More than 200
miles of the proposed wall con-
struction must take place on pri-
vate land in the Laredo and Rio
Grande Valley sectors of Texas.
He also used the event in Yuma
to accuse Democrats in Congress
and former Vice President Joseph
R. Biden Jr., his rival in the presi-
dential election, of being weak on
border security.
“The Biden people — and he’s
controlled totally by the radical
left, as you understand, he’s not
controlling, they’re controlling
him — they want open borders,
they want criminal sanctuaries,
they want everything that doesn’t
work,” he said.
In a statement before the presi-
dent’s arrival in Arizona, Mr. Bi-
den called Mr. Trump’s decision to
hold a rally in Phoenix “reckless
and irresponsible” given recent
spikes in the number of coro-
navirus cases in the state.
The state had 3,591 new cases
on Monday, the highest single-day
increase since the start of the pan-
demic.
“Instead of doing the hard work
needed to solve the public health
and economic crises facing Amer-
ica, Donald Trump remains fo-
cused on his expensive, ineffec-
tive and wasteful ‘wall’ on our
southern border,” Mr. Biden said.
“Make no mistake: This visit is a
distraction. It’s a distraction from
Donald Trump’s failed response to
combat the spread of Covid-19.”
Arizona is roughly split in party
registration among Democrats,
Republicans and unaffiliated vot-
ers. And recent events — includ-
ing a spike in coronavirus cases
and unrest over police brutality —
have shaken up the state’s politics.
In 2016, in a sign of the shifting
politics in Arizona, voters in Mari-
copa County defeated Joe Arpaio,
the Republican sheriff who had
been an outspoken champion of
some of the state’s most restric-
tive anti-immigrant policies.
Democrats are betting that they
can do the same for Mr. Trump in
2020.
The president is betting that his
progress on the wall will help him
win.
DOUG MILLS/THE NEW YORK TIMES
ment was not opposed.
According to Mr. Elias’s written
opening statement, he will accuse
the department of inappropriately
using its antitrust power to inves-
tigate 10 proposed mergers and
acquisitions in the marijuana in-
dustry because Mr. Barr “did not
like the nature of their underlying
business.”
The reviews consumed a large
amount of the antitrust division’s
resources, he said, and document
demands imposed a heavy burden
on the companies, which were
forced to produce hundreds of
thousands of pages that the de-
partment in some cases did not
even look at.
At least one merger fell through
and stock prices dropped as a re-
sult, he said, even though there
was never a justification in com-
petitiveness analysis — like
whether the companies trying to
merge would have too much mar-
ket share — for using antitrust
powers to essentially harass the
firms.
Mr. Elias said that after division
staff members expressed con-
cerns, the head of the division,
Makan Delrahim, held an all-staff
meeting in September and “ac-
knowledged that the investiga-
Tell-All by President’s Niece
By MAGGIE HABERMAN
President Trump’s family is
seeking a temporary restraining
order to try to block publication of
a tell-all book by the president’s
niece, Mary L. Trump.
Ms. Trump is the daughter of
the president’s brother Fred
Trump Jr., and her book, “Too
Much and Never Enough: How
My Family Created the World’s
Most Dangerous Man,” is sched-
uled to be published by Simon &
Schuster on July 28.
Mr. Trump’s younger brother,
Robert S. Trump, requested the
restraining order on Tuesday in
Queens County Surrogate’s Court.
The filing names Ms. Trump
and Simon & Schuster, and it
seeks to stop publication on the
grounds that Ms. Trump is vio-
lating a nondisclosure agreement
related to the settlement of the es-
tate of Fred Trump Sr., the father
of Donald and Robert Trump and
Mary Trump’s grandfather.
Trump Organization officials
declined to comment on the legal
effort to stop the book, which is de-
scribed by the publisher as a “rev-
elatory, authoritative portrait of
Donald J. Trump and the toxic
family that made him.”
Ms. Trump, the website says,
will show the “dark history of their
family in order to explain how her
uncle became the man who now
threatens the world’s health, eco-
nomic security and social fabric.”
In the book, Ms. Trump, 55, is
expected to say she was a chief
source for The New York Times’s
coverage of the president’s fi-
nances, and that she provided the
newspaper with confidential tax
documents. A spokeswoman for
The Times declined to comment.
Robert Trump said in a state-
ment that he was “deeply disap-
pointed” in his niece’s decision.
“Her attempt to sensationalize
and mischaracterize our family
relationship after all of these
years for her own financial gain is
both a travesty and injustice to the
memory of my late brother, Fred,
and our beloved parents,” he said.
“I and the rest of my entire family
are so proud of my wonderful
brother, the president, and feel
that Mary’s actions are truly a dis-
N A19
tions were motivated by the fact
that the cannabis industry is un-
popular ‘on the fifth floor,’ a refer-
ence to Attorney General Barr’s
offices in the D.O.J. headquarters
building.”
Mr. Elias’s statement also por-
trayed an antitrust review of a
deal struck by four major au-
tomakers with the State of Califor-
nia to voluntarily continue to im-
prove fuel efficiency and reduce
emissions on new cars, despite the
Trump administration’s rollback
of federal standards, as politically
motivated rather than grounded
in the facts and the law.
Mr. Trump had attacked the
deal on Twitter, and the division
began its review without going
through normal procedures, Mr.
Elias said.
Asked for a response, another
Justice Department official famil-
iar with the inquiry said that it
was opened because of news re-
porting that raised potential an-
titrust concerns, not because Mr.
Trump was angry.
Mr. Elias also said the depart-
ment had all the information it
needed to close the investigation
without action in November, but
“the political leadership” then
asked staff members to examine
California’s announcement that it
would buy only cars that met the
standards to keep the inquiry go-
ing until February.
While the testimony from the
two current Justice Department
officials about inside deliberation
is expected to be the centerpiece
of the hearing, the panel will also
take testimony from two Republi-
can department officials from pre-
vious administrations — Donald
Ayer, the deputy attorney general
under President George Bush,
and Michael Mukasey, the attor-
ney general under President
George W. Bush.
Mr. Ayer has been an outspoken
critic of Mr. Barr, whom he served
alongside. Republicans on the
committee invited Mr. Mukasey.
House Democrats have made
clear they are also interested in
learning more about the firing of
the top prosecutor in Manhattan,
Geoffrey S. Berman. Mr. Berman
initially resisted Mr. Barr’s pres-
sure to step aside, prompting a fu-
ror among Democrats and former
Justice Department officials who
warned that the White House was
trying to force him out because he
continued to pursue sensitive
cases that irked Mr. Trump.
The Judiciary Committee has
reached out to Mr. Berman, but he
is not expected to appear on
Wednesday.
Democrats may subpoena Mr.
Barr himself as soon as this week
to testify, but there is no guarantee
he would appear.
grace.”
A spokesman for Simon &
Schuster said the effort to prevent
publication would fail. A lawyer
for Ms. Trump, Theodore J.
Boutrous Jr., said in a statement
that the president and his family
were trying “to suppress a book
that will discuss matters of utmost
public importance.”
“They are pursuing this unlaw-
ful prior restraint because they do
not want the public to know the
truth,” he said. “The courts will
not tolerate this brazen violation
of the First Amendment.”
Mary Trump’s father, Fred
Trump Jr., turned his back on his
own father’s real-estate business,
becoming permanently estranged
from him, to work for Trans World
Airlines. He suffered from alcohol-
ism and died in 1981 at age 42.
When Fred Trump Sr. died in
1999, he all but cut out Fred Trump
Jr.’s two children, Mary and her
brother, Fred Trump III, from his
will, leaving them only a small
cash bequest. Ms. Trump and her
brother contested the will and
sued Donald Trump and his sib-
lings, arguing that they poisoned
Fred Trump Sr. against them and
coerced him to change his will.
It was a nasty court battle, and
at one point Donald Trump and his
siblings cut off the medical bene-
fits to Fred Trump III’s infant
child, who was born with severe
medical issues.
In 2001, Mary Trump and her
brother settled the lawsuit. The
exact terms are not known, but in
the filing Tuesday, Robert Trump
wrote that the settlement includ-
ed a confidentiality agreement.
President Trump was appar-
ently referring to that agreement
in an interview last week with Ax-
ios after the imminent publication
of Mary Trump’s book was first re-
ported.
“She’s not allowed to write a
book,” he said.
“You know, when we settled
with her and her brother, who I do
have a good relationship with —
she’s got a brother, Fred, who I do
have a good relationship with —
but when we settled,” Mr. Trump
said, she “signed a nondisclo-
sure.”
A20 N THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
Election
Biden’s War Chest Swells With Polls, and Trump Is Outraised in May
From Page A1
Biden and the Democrats out-
raised President Trump and the
Republicans, $80.8 million to $74
million.
“We actually think that we’ve
become a really powerful place
where people feel like they can do
something about what’s happen-
ing right now,” said Jennifer
O’Malley Dillon, Mr. Biden’s cam-
paign manager.
Receipts are on pace to surge
even higher in June. Mr. Biden’s
online fund-raising so far this
month has already surpassed
May’s $34.4 million total, accord-
ing to people familiar with the
matter, with a week left to go. Now,
some party officials see $100 mil-
lion as an achievable goal for
June.
“May is the floor for June,” de-
clared Tom Perez, the chairman of
the D.N.C., who, along with senior
campaign officials, declined to
comment on the potential to reach
$100 million.
On Tuesday, Mr. Biden con-
ducted the biggest Democratic
grass-roots fund-raiser of the elec-
tion cycle so far, joining with for-
mer President Barack Obama for
the first time in the 2020 cam-
paign. The virtual event drew
175,000 small donors and raised
$7.6 million, according to the Bi-
den campaign.
The two former political part-
ners reminisced about old times,
discussed the challenges facing
the country and made the case for
Mr. Biden as the country’s next
leader. “You’re all feeling a sense
of urgency,” Obama told the virtu-
al crowd. “I am here to say that
help is on the way if we do the
work.”
But as much as the video chat
delivered a heavy dose of nostal-
gia, it also served as something of
a punctuation mark on Mr. Biden’s
arrival as a financial force in his
own right.
Mr. Biden’s at times anemic
fund-raising was one of his most
glaring weaknesses during the
primary race, when he was often
badly outspent by rivals. The re-
cent surge in donations comes as
Mr. Trump appears increasingly
vulnerable, reeling under the
pressure of a national health cri-
sis, an economic collapse and a
wave of protests over racial injus-
tice. Mr. Biden leads Mr. Trump in
almost every national poll.
Still, Mr. Trump remains a pro-
lific fund-raiser, reportedly rais-
ing $10 million at a recent dinner,
and he has a significant cash ad-
vantage, even if it is no longer
triple that of Mr. Biden.
Mr. Biden’s brightening finan-
cial picture is the result of a rapid
confluence of events.
The primary race ended earlier
and the Democratic Party co-
alesced faster behind the former
vice president than expected,
sparing him the expense of a
drawn-out contest across dozens
of states. The coronavirus pan-
demic sharply shrank the cost of
campaigning, as Mr. Biden shel-
tered in place in Delaware for
nearly three months. He did not
need to add staff as quickly or as
robustly as he otherwise might
have.
At the same time, top Demo-
cratic donors have widely em-
braced virtual events, willingly
forgoing some of the traditional
perks of attending lavish in-per-
son fund-raisers while cutting
checks for up to $620,000. And as
Rachel Shorey contributed report-
ing.
Church Hosting Trump Event Makes Unproven Claim on Virus-Killing Technology
By JENNIFER MEDINA
and KENNETH CHANG
PHOENIX — An Arizona
megachurch hosting President
Trump on Tuesday misleadingly
claimed that its new air purifica-
tion system “kills 99.9 percent of
Covid within 10 minutes” but then
backtracked shortly before the
president spoke.
Mr. Trump visited Dream City
Church in Phoenix, one of the na-
tion’s biggest megachurches, to
speak to thousands of Arizona col-
lege students gathered to support
his re-election. With coronavirus
cases sharply increasing in the
state, some public health experts
said the gathering had the poten-
tial to be a disaster.
But the church offered a possi-
ble solution on Sunday: Technol-
ogy installed in the building’s ven-
tilation system that would clean
the air and kill the disease.
The technology, the church’s
pastor said in a Facebook post
that has since been removed, was
developed by a local company
whose C.E.O. said he sometimes
attends the church.
“So when you come into our au-
ditorium, 99 percent of Covid is
gone, killed, if it was there in the
first place” the pastor, Luke Bar-
nett, said in the video. “You can
know when you come here, you’ll
be safe and protected. Thank God
for great technology and thank
God for being proactive.”
Former Vice President Joseph R. Biden Jr. and his advisers see 2020 largely playing out as a referendum on President Trump.
Mr. Trump falters on the national
stage, small donors have seized at
the chance of ousting him.
“Donald Trump is the best post-
er child for Democratic fund-rais-
ing in the history of Democratic
politics,” said Chris Korge, the na-
tional finance chairman of the
D.N.C.
Marc Nathanson, a veteran
Democratic fund-raiser who
helped host a Biden event on Fri-
day, said the minimum price to get
on that call was $50,000, and they
doubled an initial goal of raising $1
million.
“We raised over $2 million on a
Zoom call of all things,” Mr. Na-
thanson said.
Mr. Biden’s advisers see 2020
largely playing out as a referen-
dum on Mr. Trump. The presi-
dent’s erratic response to world
events — the threats to sic the
“most vicious dogs” on protesters,
the forcible removal of peaceful
demonstrators for his photo op
outside a church, his use of racist
language in calling the coro-
navirus the “kung flu” — has
served as an accelerant for grass-
roots giving, in particular as
Americans took to the streets na-
tionwide to protest systemic rac-
ism and police brutality.
For many months, Mr. Trump’s
team has boasted about its prolific
fund-raising hauls and swelling
list of online supporters, with
Brad Parscale, the president’s
campaign manager, calling his op-
eration a “juggernaut” in October,
then again in January and Febru-
ary and May.
But the flip side of the enormous
$817 million raised by the Trump
campaign and the R.N.C. since the
beginning of 2019 — and the $265
million still in the bank at the end
of May — is that Mr. Trump and
the Republican Party have al-
ready spent more than half a bil-
lion dollars and yet still entered
the summer of 2020 trailing in the
polls, with Mr. Biden cracking 50
percent in one prominent polling
average. Mr. Trump spent $22.6
million on television ads from
mid-March to mid-June, accord-
In an interview on Tuesday, Tim
Bender, the chief executive of
CleanAir EXP, the company be-
hind the technology, said the
church officials did not fully un-
derstand how the system worked
and were not precise enough in
describing the company’s claims.
Church officials clarified their
remarks on Tuesday afternoon,
saying in a statement that they
had used imprecise language.
“We have heard Coronavirus
and Covid used interchangeably.
Our statement regarding the
CleanAir EXP units used the word
Covid when we should have said
Coronavirus or Covid surrogates,”
the statement read. “We hope to
alleviate any confusion we may
have caused.”
Even as Arizona is seeing some
of the steepest increases in cases
and deaths in the country, thou-
sands of residents have packed
bars and restaurants in recent
weeks, trying to escape both heat
and boredom. Until last week,
Gov. Doug Ducey, a Republican,
prevented Democratic mayors in
the state from requiring face
masks.
After calls to restrict or cancel
the Trump appearance, Mr. Ducey
told reporters, “we’re going to
protect people’s rights to assem-
ble in an election year.” He at-
tended the event on Tuesday.
Mayor Kate Gallego of Phoenix,
ing to data from Advertising Ana-
lytics, a media-tracking firm; Mr.
Biden just went on the air on Fri-
day.
“The Republican war chest con-
tinues to dwarf that of Joe Biden
and the Democrats,” the Trump
campaign said in a statement over
the weekend. (The Biden team
has not released its exact cash-on-
A surge in donations
included a few $1,200
stimulus checks.
hand total, but campaign records
indicate it is from $120 million to
$150 million.)
Now, money is coming from all
corners. The Biden campaign pro-
cessed more than 900,000 online
contributions in May on ActBlue,
Mr. Trump, however, remains a prolific fund-raiser, and he still holds a significant cash advantage.
a Democrat, repeatedly criticized
the event, saying on Monday that
“it does not abide by C.D.C. guide-
lines during Covid-19.”
“Public health is a group effort,
not a partisan issue,” she added.
“It requires the participation of
every resident and every level of
government.”
Photos of the event taken inside
the church showed the crowd
shoulder to shoulder, with very
few people appearing to wear
masks.
The event was sponsored by
Students for Trump, a group affili-
ated with Turning Point Action, a
pro-Trump group backed by the fi-
nancier Charlie Kirk.
Using charged ions to remove
airborne pollutants is not new, and
such a system could help cleanse
the church’s air, but certainly
without the rapidity claimed, and
it would not guarantee safety, ex-
perts said.
“The claims seem suspicious on
several counts, but they don’t pro-
vide enough information to deci-
pher what they are really doing,”
said Jose L. Jimenez, a professor
of chemistry and biochemistry at
the University of Colorado at
Boulder.
Church officials did not respond
to requests for comment.
Mr. Bender said the technology,
which would be installed in the
ventilation system, generate pos-
the main online portal for Demo-
cratic giving, and more than half
of the donors were new to the cam-
paign. This month began even
faster, as Mr. Biden invested mil-
lions in online ads and expanded
his email list by 1.5 million people,
tapping into the activism arising
from the protests.
Online donations were up 62
percent at the D.N.C. over the first
10 days of June compared with the
same period in May. Proceeds
from direct mail are booming, too:
The committee saw its best May
for direct mail since 2004, and the
Biden campaign saw a large in-
crease as well, according to party
and campaign officials.
Overall, the number of donors
to Mr. Biden has tripled since Feb-
ruary.
“Its increasingly clear we’re go-
ing to be highly competitive with
our resources against Trump,”
Ms. O’Malley Dillon said.
Money alone does not decide
itively and negatively charged
oxygen ions. The ions then attach
to particles in the air, adding elec-
trical charge to the particles, caus-
ing them to clump together and
fall out of the air. The ions could
also react with the viruses to dis-
able them.
Companies like CleanAir EXP
base their claims on laboratory
tests by outside firms but fi-
nanced by the companies. A test of
a CleanAir EXP device looked at a
different type of virus in a test
chamber about 900 cubic feet in
volume — smaller than a box 10
feet on each side and tiny com-
Roughly 3,000 people were expected to attend President
Trump’s event at Dream City Church in Phoenix on Tuesday.
KRISTON JAE BETHEL FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
presidential elections. If it did, Hil-
lary Clinton would have won in
2016, and Mr. Biden would not be
the presumptive Democratic
nominee. But more cash gives
campaigns greater strategic flexi-
bility, allowing, for instance, Mr.
Biden to buy his first flight of gen-
eral election television ads last
week.
Of late, though, Mr. Biden has
not just raised more money than
Mr. Trump — he has spent less.
The Biden campaign spent half as
much as Mr. Trump’s main cam-
paign committee in May — $11.7
million compared with $24.5 mil-
lion, according to Federal Election
Commission records.
Mr. Trump’s campaign and the
R.N.C. are paying top staff mem-
bers significantly higher salaries
than the Biden campaign and the
Democrats. More than 20 of Mr.
Trump’s campaign aides and
R.N.C. officials are paid a higher
salary that Mr. Biden’s campaign
DOUG MILLS/THE NEW YORK TIMES
pared with the size of the church.
The test did not use the novel
coronavirus that causes Covid-19
but a different virus that is often
used as a stand-in for pathogens
because it does not cause disease.
“We do not, however, eliminate
Covid-19 at this time,” the com-
pany said in a statement. “Our co-
ronavirus surrogate testing re-
sults are significant for the future
of clean air. We welcome the op-
portunity to collaborate with the
CDC for additional laboratory
testing and support the CDC’s
guidelines on hygiene habits to
prevent the spread of Covid-19.”
ROSS D. FRANKLIN/ASSOCIATED PRESS
manager, for instance. Mr.
Parscale is paid more opaquely,
with monthly payments of $47,797
going to Parscale Strategy L.L.C.,
quadruple what Ms. O’Malley Dil-
lon has received.
The highest paid officials were
the party leaders, and there was a
gap there, too: Ronna McDaniel,
the R.N.C. chairwoman, was paid
more than $24,000 in May; Mr. Pe-
rez was paid less than $16,000. (“A
woman in the same position is
making more because she is beat-
ing her male counterpart in nearly
every metric,” said Michael
Ahrens, an R.N.C. spokesman.)
In May, Mr. Trump spent
$470,925 on polling, including
$98,000 to the firm of John Mc-
Laughlin. Mr. McLaughlin wrote a
memo this month titled “Skewed
Media Polls,” which criticized sur-
veys that show Mr. Trump losing
the election, and the memo was re-
cently posted on Twitter by the
president. In contrast, Mr. Biden’s
campaign spent only $122,300 on
polling. (The R.N.C. spent another
$2.5 million that was listed as
“polling services/consulting” last
month, which a party official said
encompassed its voter data opera-
tion; the D.N.C. listed zero polling
expenses.)
The Trump campaign and Re-
publican Party also spent far more
on legal fees — $1.55 million to
$875,000 — than Mr. Biden and the
Democrats in May.
One of the biggest shifts in the
cash race is that Mr. Biden’s cam-
paign is now regularly holding
multimillion dollar fund-raisers,
partly because the contribution
limits for the presumptive nomi-
nee and the party are more than
200 times as high as during the
primary. In June, Mr. Biden has
raised a combined $21.6 million
from just six of the virtual fund-
raisers for large donors he has
held.
And while Mr. Biden, during the
primary race, had to compete with
the next generation of Democratic
talent, he is now able to leverage
their networks, particularly those
under consideration to be his run-
ning mate.
Senator Elizabeth Warren of
Massachusetts held an event with
Mr. Biden this month that raised
$6 million in an evening, the cam-
paign’s largest single fund-raiser.
Unlike the Obama event, Ms. War-
ren’s relied on some major con-
tributors. A few days earlier, Sena-
tor Kamala Harris of California or-
ganized an event that pulled in
$3.5 million; Gov. Michelle Lujan
Grisham of New Mexico helped
host another event that an organ-
izer said raised $1.7 million; and
Susan Rice, the former United Na-
tions ambassador, headlined a
fund-raiser last week that Mr. Bi-
den did not attend.
The biggest contributors —
even those cutting checks for
$100,000 or more — have been
willing to bypass the traditional
grip-and-grin photo lines of big
donor events of the past. Some
even said the virtual fund-raisers
had their own charm.
“There is an enhanced intimacy
with these Zoom meetings,” Sarah
Morgenthau, a Biden fund-raiser,
said. “They have the gallery fea-
ture and you can see everything.”
They’re also much cheaper, sav-
ing the campaign money and time.
“You don’t have to buy wine,
you don’t have to rent a room, you
don’t have to pay for catering,”
said Michael Marquardt, another
fund-raiser for Biden.
“With or without a pandemic in
2024,” he added, “I think virtual
fund-raising is here to stay.”
In the test, 99.9 percent of the
virus was destroyed, but Mr.
Bender said that level of effective-
ness would “absolutely not” occur
in a real-world setting like the
church. However, the air purifica-
tion system would “reduce the
chances” for the transmission of
disease, he said.
“The system could help reduce
background levels of infectious vi-
rus in the air, but in a crowded sit-
uation such as a rally, it is most
likely that any transmission that
occurs is between people standing
close to each other for prolonged
periods,” said Linsey Marr, a pro-
fessor of civil and environmental
engineering at Virginia Tech.
William P. Bahnfleth, a profes-
sor of architectural engineering at
Pennsylvania State University,
who looked over the testing re-
sults, said, “Suffice it to say that,
based on the evidence available,
the scientific community is skepti-
cal of performance claims for
these devices.”
Anyone who registered for the
event was required to sign a
waiver.
“By attending this convention,
you and any guest voluntarily as-
sume all risks related to exposure
to Covid-19 and agree not to hold
Turning Point Action, their affili-
ates, Dream City Church, employ-
ees, agents, contractors, or volun-
teers liable for any illness or inju-
ry,” it said.

Election
Lots of Drama but Little Certainty in Kentucky and New York Primaries
By JONATHAN MARTIN
and JESSE McKINLEY
Kentucky Democrats were
poised on Tuesday to pick a nomi-
nee against Mitch McConnell, the
Senate majority leader, in a race
that was testing the power of
money against the potency of the
grass-roots activism that has
sprung up around the Black Lives
Matter movement.
Amy McGrath, a former Marine
pilot who raised well over $40 mil-
lion, was dominating the primary
for months until state Representa-
tive Charles Booker roared into
contention in recent weeks. His
candidacy was lifted by the ener-
gy that rose up in response to the
killing of Louisville’s Breonna
Taylor and other unarmed black
Americans by white police offi-
cers.
But even as voters turned out at
a reduced number of polling sta-
tions in Kentucky, New York and
Virginia, it was unclear when the
party nominees would be known.
With the coronavirus prompting
Kentucky officials to lead an ag-
gressive push for absentee voting,
the final results of the race were
not expected for days.
So, in a close race, it may not be
clear who won on Tuesday night
or even Wednesday.
There were, however, a handful
of contests where the results were
decisive, most notably, and em-
barrasingly for President Trump,
in the western North Carolina
House seat left open by the resig-
nation of Mark Meadows, who be-
came Mr. Trump’s chief of staff.
Mr. Meadows preferred a friend
of his, real estate developer Lynda
Bennett, and had Mr. Trump en-
dorse her and even record an au-
tomated call on her behalf. But
Ms. Bennett was routed in Tues-
day’s runoff by a young political
newcomer, Madison Cawthorn.
For the most part, though, Tues-
day marked the latest example of
how the pandemic has turned
Election Night into Election
Week.
In New York, absentee ballots
are not fully counted until a week
after the election. And those bal-
lots could represent about half of
all votes cast in the primary.
The race drawing much of the
attention in New York was the
contest between Representative
Eliot L. Engel, the veteran con-
gressman from the Bronx, and Ja-
maal Bowman, an insurgent can-
didate backed by many of the
Democrats’ most outspoken pro-
gressives. Mr. Engel, fighting for
his political life, countered Mr.
Bowman by rolling out endorse-
ments from party leaders, includ-
ing Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Hil-
lary Clinton.
Like Mr. Booker, Mr. Bowman is
an African-American attempting
to build a multi-racial coalition of
white liberals and voters of color
that could prove formidable if rep-
licated by other non-white candi-
Luis Ferré-Sadurní and Nick Cora-
saniti contributed reporting.
New Push to Divide Americans by Race, via Tweets, Videos and Rhetoric
By MAGGIE HABERMAN
and JONATHAN MARTIN
President Trump has repeat-
edly pushed inflammatory lan-
guage, material and policies in
recent days that seek to divide
Americans by race as he tries to
appeal to his predominantly
white base of voters four months
before Election Day rather than
try to broaden his support.
Trailing in national polls and
surveys of crucial battleground
states, and stricken by a disap-
pointing return to the campaign
trail, Mr. Trump has leaned hard
into his decades-long habit of
falsely portraying some black
Americans as dangerous or
lawless. And he has chosen to do
so at one of the most tumultuous
periods in decades as Americans
protest recent episodes of police
brutality against black people
that have highlighted the nation’s
long history of racial injustice.
Over the last few days the
president has tweeted context-
free videos of random incidents
involving black people attacking
white people and baselessly
argued that President Barack
Obama, the country’s first black
leader, committed “treason.” In
an interview with the Catholic
News Agency that was posted
online on Monday, Mr. Trump
said he planned to sign an order
to protect national monuments at
a time when statues of Confeder-
ate generals are being torn down
across the country.
“We’re going to do an execu-
tive order,’’ Mr. Trump said.
“We’re going to make the cities
guard their monuments, this is a
disgrace.”
Leaving for a trip to Arizona
on Tuesday, Mr. Trump spoke of
protesters near the White House
the night before who tried to
remove a statue of Andrew Jack-
son, declaring that he wants
“long-term jail sentences for
dates.
In Kentucky, fewer than 200
polling places were opened on
Tuesday, a drastic reduction from
the 3,700 locations that are often
used in a typical election year. Ab-
sentee ballot requests soared in
the state’s two largest cities, Lou-
isville and Lexington. Yet a num-
ber of jurisdictions have indicated
that on Tuesday they will only tab-
ulate votes cast that day, or those
cast that day combined with those
cast during in-person early vot-
ing.
That would mean that poten-
tially hundreds of thousands of ab-
sentee votes would not be counted
until after Tuesday evening.
Whoever wins the Senate pri-
mary in Kentucky will face an up-
hill fight against Mr. McConnell in
a state President Trump carried
by nearly 30 points four years ago.
The contest between Ms. Mc-
Grath and Mr. Booker had also be-
come a test of whether national
Democratic leaders like Senator
Chuck Schumer, who coronated
Ms. McGrath last year, can main-
tain their hold over the party in a
moment of growing progressive
energy.
In Virginia, the most hotly-con-
tested House primary illustrated
the appeal in this moment of black
candidates in racially diverse dis-
tricts. Cameron Webb, an African-
American doctor and former
White House fellow, routed a
handful of white opponents to cap-
ture the Democratic nomination
in a conservative-leaning district
where Republicans just ousted
their incumbent, Representative
Denver Riggleman, in a nominat-
ing convention.
Political calculations have been
altered in recent weeks as the na-
tion reels from protests that
erupted following the George
Floyd killing in Minneapolis on
Memorial Day. The intensity of
those demonstrations, and calls
for a national debate on race and
law enforcement, has elevated
black candidates.
At the same time, the liberal
wave that swept Representative
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and
other progressives into Congress
in 2018 has continued to swell,
with primary candidates - usually
younger, more idealistic, and less
prone to to engage in pragmatic
politics - emerging to challenge
the Democratic establishment.
One after another, left-wing
challengers took on New York in-
cumbents, including Representa-
tive Gregory Meeks, the chairman
of the Queens Democratic Party;
Representative Yvette Clarke,
who faced a slew of upstart candi-
dates in Brooklyn; and Repre-
sentative Carolyn Maloney, who
represents parts of three New
York City boroughs.
Jerrold Nadler, the chair of the
high-profile House Judiciary
Committee, and Ms. Ocasio-
Cortez faced challengers, too.
While Democrats dominate in
New York, two traditionally Re-
publican seats were also drawing
interest at either end of the state:
these vandals and these hood-
lums and these anarchists and
agitators.”
As president, Mr. Trump has
rarely been so inflammatory on
race in such a narrow window of
time, from his recent tweet about
a doctored video purportedly
showing a “racist baby” to his
use of a racist phrase — “Kung
flu” — to describe the coro-
navirus at his rally in Tulsa,
Okla., on Saturday.
On Tuesday, Twitter suspended
the account of the meme creator
who is a favorite source of ma-
terial for the president, and who
had produced the “racist baby
video” that Mr. Trump tweeted.
Asked about Mr. Trump’s
statements, Tim Murtaugh, a
campaign spokesman, pointed to
the president’s recent executive
order related to policing and said
he had a “tremendous record” on
issues related to black Ameri-
cans. “The president has also
firmly stood for law and order
and against violent destruction
and vandalism, and he knows
that all communities need to be
able to live in peace in order to
have prosperity,” he said.
Mr. Trump, who has waged
only one campaign before this
one, is effectively running a
primary contest in a general
election. Answering to his own
instincts and what he thinks “my
people” want, as he often puts it
to advisers, the president is
exploiting racial divisions in a
way that appeals to only a seg-
ment of his party.
As political strategy goes, it’s
confounding: First-term presi-
dents historically have sought to
broaden their support before
their re-elections, but it’s espe-
cially peculiar given the fast-
shifting views of moderate white
voters and some Republicans on
matters of race.
“I can speak from personal
THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
In Kentucky, fewer than 200 polling places were open on Tuesday — down from the typical 3,700.
Voters in Jackson Heights, Queens, where Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez is on the ballot.
in Long Island, Representative
Peter King, the state’s most prom-
inent Republican member of Con-
gress, is retiring, leaving a wide-
open race, and Democrats dream-
ing of a pick-up in November.
And in Western New York, Nate
McMurray, a Democrat, was seek-
ing to flip the deep-red 27th Con-
gressional District, most recently
held by Representative Chris
Collins, who resigned last fall just
before pleading guilty to federal
insider trading charges. His oppo-
nent, state senator Chris Jacobs,
was favored to win in a district
that overwhelmingly voted for
President Trump.
Two open House seats - held by
retiring Democrats in the lower
Hudson Valley and the Bronx -
POLITICAL MEMO
experience in Oklahoma City:
white Republicans are having
these uncomfortable conversa-
tions and are wanting to have
them,” said David F. Holt, the
city’s Republican mayor. “I’m
seeing a broad consensus of
support and empathy for the
issues being raised by the Black
Lives Matter movement.”
While Mr. Trump’s views on
race and the protests have been
out of step for weeks with many
Americans, he has, in recent
days, tried to rally his supporters
on matters related to race, such
as claiming without evidence
that progressives have broadly
labeled his voters as racists. In
tweets, videos and at his cam-
paign rally last Saturday, he has
portrayed protesters as a threat
in ways that are bound to
heighten divisions rather than
unite cross-sections of Ameri-
cans.
A new New York Times Up-
shot/Siena College survey illus-
trates the chasm between the
president and even many right-
leaning voters on issues of race.
While Mr. Trump rages about
protesters and threatens them
with violence, large portions of
his party are far less hostile.
Over half of voters surveyed
who said they were somewhat
conservative, and even a quarter
of voters who called themselves
very conservative, had a favor-
able view of the Black Lives
Matter movement.
Just as significant, some Re-
publican-leaning voters are
plainly uneasy with Mr. Trump’s
conduct in the last month. About
46 percent of somewhat conser-
vative voters said they disap-
proved of the president’s han-
dling of the racial justice pro-
tests, and 70 percent of moder-
ates said the same.
In ignoring those trends, Mr.
Trump is appealing directly to
were also being closely watched,
with a scrum of candidates in both
districts.
In the Hudson Valley district
held by Representative Nita
Lowey, seven Democrats were in
the race, including Mondaire
Jones, a Harvard educated lawyer
seeking to become the first openly
gay black member of Congress;
David Carlucci, a state senator
who had worked closely with Re-
publicans in Albany; and Adam
Schleifer, a former prosecutor and
son of a billionaire pharmaceuti-
cal executive.
Further south, in 15th Congres-
sional District in the Bronx, an
even bigger free-for-all was un-
derway, with a collection of rising
Democratic stars and older politi-
President Trump stopped to speak with reporters on Tuesday as
he prepared to leave the White House for an event in Arizona.
his most conservative, devoted
supporters, whom he has con-
stantly been afraid of losing but
who are hardly sufficient to
re-elect him.
As his political challenges have
intensified, Mr. Trump is step-
ping up his focus on race and
“heritage,” in references to to-
tems like statues of Confederate
generals. He has vowed to de-
fend a statue of Jackson, the
president who owned slaves and
signed a law that led to the forc-
ible removal of thousands of
Native Americans from their
lands.
On Monday night, Mr. Trump
retweeted users who posted
video featuring black people
physically assaulting white peo-
ple, including one that was a
year old. Days earlier, Twitter
affixed a “manipulated media”
tag to a video Mr. Trump tweeted
that portrayed a fabricated CNN
segment in which Trump sup-
porters were maligned as racist.
At his rally in Tulsa, which
drew far fewer supporters than
anticipated, Mr. Trump made no
ERIK BRANCH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
CHANG W. LEE/THE NEW YORK TIMES
cal veterans seeking to replace
the outgoing congressman Repre-
sentative José E. Serrano. There,
the favorite appeared to Rubén
Díaz Sr., a conservative former
state senator with a history of
anti-gay remarks. But if City
Councilman Ritchie Torres
emerged victorious, he, too, could
be the first openly black member
of Congress.
All across state, the global pan-
demic upended the practicalities
of electoral democracy: in late
April, after the deaths of thou-
sands of New Yorkers, and amid
fears of a second wave, Gov. An-
drew M. Cuomo increased access
to absentee voting by mail, result-
ing in election officials issuing
nearly two million ballots to vot-
PETE MAROVICH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
mention of the massacre of black
residents in the city’s Greenwood
section in 1921, or of the June-
teenth holiday a day earlier that
celebrated the end of slavery.
Instead, he again bemoaned the
tearing down of statues.
In an interview on Fox News
on Tuesday morning, Mr. Trump
said that people who ignore
history will repeat it, and then
said: “You don’t want to take
away our heritage and our his-
tory and the beauty.”
As protesters try to tear down
statues of a range of historical
figures and spray paint build-
ings, including the St. John’s
Church adjacent to the White
House, some Democrats are
beginning to cringe.
But Mr. Trump has been un-
willing to spotlight the destruc-
tion of statues dedicated only to
broadly popular figures, such as
George Washington and Ulysses
S. Grant. His inclination on race
is always to reach for the most
incendiary rhetoric, lest his
supporters miss the point.
In some ways, his conduct
N A21
ers statewide. Mr. Cuomo later al-
lowed those ballots to be post-
marked as late as Election Day.
The sheer number of absentee
ballots to be counted could prove
daunting to election officials an-
ticipating polling stations remade
in the age of coronavirus, includ-
ing workers in masks enforcing
six-feet social distancing rules
and wiping down ballot scanners
with disinfectant. Concerns about
the massive number of absentee
ballots were especially acute con-
sidering the fraught and fractious
battles over vote counts even be-
fore the coronavirus, like last
year’s contested election for dis-
trict attorney in Queens.
Before voting began on Tues-
day morning, New York City offi-
cials were warning that some
polling sites could open late be-
cause of overnight subway clo-
sures. Still there were only scat-
tered reports of problems at some
poll locations in the city.
In Kentucky, fears of long lines
in Louisville, which only had one
polling location, did not come true.
But a largely smooth day of voting
there turned dramatic as polls
closed; voters complained of traf-
fic getting into the city’s sole
polling location, preventing them
from getting in line on time. The
Booker campaign filed a petition
with a local judge, as voters
crowded the locked doors of the
Expo Center and pounded on the
glass windows. Eventually, a
judge ruled that the doors could be
reopened and voters who had
been caught in traffic could vote.
Throughout the day, waits were
manageable to negligible, evi-
dence that the state’s push to
vastly expand vote by mail helped
reduce in-person voting turnout.
But few areas in the state re-
ported issues of long lines, and
some cities used their public tran-
sit system to help ferry voters to
the polls.
The state’s second-largest city,
Lexington, however, was plagued
by waits of up to two hours at the
University of Kentucky’s football
stadium in Lexington. In-person
turnout exceeded the predictions
of local election officials, and the
check-in process at the stadium
had created a bottleneck that lead
to the longer lines.
By early afternoon, county offi-
cials added more check-in options
and the lines shrunk considerably.
But the mass consolidation of
polling places concerned some ac-
tivists about the potential for a
similar set-up in November.
“Under no set of circumstances
would we encourage officials to of-
fer voters one option in a county
as large as Jefferson County, and
certainly not in a county that has a
high poverty rate and poor public
transportation system overall,”
said Kristen Clarke, president and
executive director of the Lawyers’
Committee for Civil Rights Under
Law. “We don’t know how many
voters in Jefferson County simply
could not access the Expo Center
today and it is unfortunate that
they were left with one option.”
recalls the period leading up to
the 2016 Republican nomination,
when he twice called for a ban on
Muslims entering the United
States and openly wielded race
in a way that appealed to large
segment s of the G.O.P., but also
alienated many people in the
party.
Mr. Trump, however, is no
longer a political novice running
in a crowded field in which he
needs to garner only a plurality
to claim victory — as he did in
2016. He’s a sitting president
facing a difficult re-election at a
moment the country has been
battered by crises and is desper-
ately seeking leadership.
No matter how much his ad-
visers and lawmakers nudge him
to project unity and bigness,
however, he keeps bingeing on
the political equivalent of com-
fort food — convinced that it’s
what his most loyal supporters
crave.
But some aides and more than
a few Republicans worry that,
satisfying as this approach may
be to him in the moment, it does
not offer a path to 270 Electoral
College votes, let alone help the
G.O.P. retain the Senate. And it is
a separate conversation than the
one a large chunk of the country
not glued to Mr. Trump’s Twitter
feed is having.
“He’s not disciplined enough to
focus on that,” Terry Sullivan, a
longtime Republican strategist,
said of a re-election-only strat-
egy. “He needs the constant
quick fix of people loving him.”
Mr. Trump, continued Mr.
Sullivan, is “the Rod Stewart of
politicians — he may keep com-
ing up with new material but
deep down he knows his fans just
want to hear ‘Wake Up Maggie,’
so he keeps playing the same
tune because he can’t stand the
thought of them not loving his
performance.”
A22 WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020

EDITORIAL LETTERS

Mr. Trump Can’t Wish Away the Virus States Come Back. The Virus Never Left.
TO THE EDITOR: special time I have spent with my
almost grown children. Pulled from
Re “Clusters Pop Up in New Loca-
tions as States Reopen” (front lives apart with friends and travel, I
page, June 23): have been reveling in sharing time
I live in Florida, one of the states with them at home.
that is accelerating reopening I suppress the guilt I feel at my
restaurants, fitness clubs, stores happiness as I watch my neighbors
and bars. The rate of new Covid-19 struggling alone with small children
cases is rising, too (“Florida and and nurses walking to decompress
South Carolina Again Set Records from their incredibly difficult jobs
as U.S. Coronavirus Cases Surge,” at local hospitals.
nytimes.com, June 20). I’m sure I am not the only mother
I religiously wear a mask in who secretly delights in our new-
public, even when taking my daily found forced company with our
walk. Yet I see fewer and fewer almost independent offspring.
people wearing masks. Is it col- Children who had forged lives for
lective arrogance to think that I themselves at college or near
can’t possibly get the virus? Is it where they work have temporarily
collective disregard for my safety? moved back in with their families.
If individuals won’t comply vol- As we seek the end of the tunnel,
untarily, then owners of these es- I am torn between the joy of having
tablishments should require masks them near and the ache of job inter-
for everyone. Simply don’t let in views canceled and futures post-
anyone who isn’t compliant. That poned, but hopefully not destroyed.
doesn’t seem like too much to ask. MORAG KENDALL, WAYNE, N.J.
JEANNETTE PALADINO
SARASOTA, FLA. TO THE EDITOR:
Let’s be clear about the timeline for
TO THE EDITOR: Covid-19. We will not be done with
I just got back from my first haircut Covid-19 in six months. Vaccine
in three months. I live in Hilton development, safety testing and
Head, S.C., about a quarter mile manufacturing will likely take at
from the Pope Avenue commercial least 12 more months. Administra-
area. I was amazed to see no one tion of the vaccine(s) will take six
during my trip to the barber shop to 12 months more. My opinion is
DOUG MILLS/THE NEW YORK TIMES
wearing a mask, except my barber. that of a pediatrician and academic
More than 100 days into the coronavirus pandemic, here’s kept onboard the Grand Princess cruise ship so they would I must have passed 70 or 80 people. who has been reading current and
It’s no wonder South Carolina cases historical reports and journals.
where things stand in the United States: 2.3 million people not contribute to the case count on American soil. At that So please be sure to write accu-
are spiking!
have been infected, and some 120,000 people — more than in point, he’d already spent weeks downplaying the risks of the rately about the timeline so U.S.
any other country — have died. Early epicenters like New virus, saying, among other things, that it would disappear BILL GILBERT, HILTON HEAD, S.C. leaders and residents can have
York and New Jersey appear to have gotten their outbreaks like a “miracle” come spring. clear expectations for relevant
under control, but several new hot spots have emerged, in- It’s hard to see the benefit of such magical thinking, es- TO THE EDITOR: decision-making.
cluding in Florida, Texas and Arizona, where daily case pecially now, when the truth is so plain that even some of As the quarantine eases, I feel GERALDINE TERRY
counts are higher than ever. Over all, the number of new Mr. Trump’s reluctant fellow Republicans are starting to ac- pangs of sadness for the end of this GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.
cases a day is rising, and the rest of the world is taking note: knowledge reality. In recent days, Gov. Greg Abbott of Texas
The European Union is mulling travel restrictions that has finally allowed individual cities and counties to mandate
would prohibit Americans from entering any nation in the wearing masks, after initially overruling such orders. (The
bloc because the United States has failed to contain the pan- reversal came after several local Republican leaders joined
The N.Y.P.D.: Data About the Use of Force
demic. their Democratic colleagues to request more autonomy in TO THE EDITOR: Despite having years to do so,
None of these developments have put an end to the de- responding to the crisis.) But the pattern is clear: The presi- Re “Why Was a Grim Report on the Health Department never
nialism that has prevailed at the White House from the start. dent and his most loyal supporters keep acting as though if Police-Involved Deaths Never shared a report with the N.Y.P.D. It
Released?,” by Mara Gay (Opinion, never released a report to the
In an op-ed for The Wall Street Journal last week, Vice Pres- they ignore the seriousness of the coronavirus, it will cease
nytimes.com, June 19): public. As you note, the N.Y.P.D.
ident Mike Pence argued that reports of a coming second to exist. This game of make-believe is made easier for them ended the agreement in January
The online summary with the
wave of infections were exaggerated. That argument was by the fact that the pandemic is doing the worst damage be- article says, “A review shows that 2019. This was under the former
seconded by Larry Kudlow, the administration’s top eco- hind the walls of prisons, nursing homes and meatpacking the number of people killed by police commissioner.
nomic adviser. plants. police activity in New York is more The N.Y.P.D. has led the country
Scientists do not agree: On Tuesday Dr. Anthony Fauci, There is still hope to be found in this morass. For all the than twice what has been re- with transparency about officers’
the nation’s leading infectious disease expert, told a House denialism and politicking, scientists have managed to learn ported.” use of force. Since 2016, we have
panel that the country has yet to clear the first wave of the quite a bit in recent months about this coronavirus: They’re Ms. Gay suggests that the New released a comprehensive report
York Police Department refused to that includes all data we shared
pandemic and that a second wave of outbreaks is possible. fairly certain now that it can spread from normal breathing
take part in a worthy initiative to with the Health Department. This
“We’re still in the middle of a serious outbreak,” he said. (as opposed to just coughing), that an infected person who same information is publicly avail-
improve reporting and even had a
“There is no doubt about that.” isn’t showing any symptoms can pass the virus to others hand in shielding information from able on our website.
A few days after the publication of Mr. Pence’s op-ed, and that even simple cloth masks can prevent such trans- the public. We disagree. The Health Department should
President Trump noted at a rally in Tulsa, Okla., that the na- missions. The Department of Health iden- cure its flaws in data-keeping. It
tion’s case counts would not rise quite so egregiously if the Doctors also say that at least two medications have tified flaws in its data manage- should make any report public.
U.S. stopped testing so many people for the virus. “When been shown to help treat Covid-19 and that refined treat- ment. The N.Y.P.D. subsequently The N.Y.P.D. supports the City
you do testing to that extent, you’re gonna find more people, ment protocols — including for when and how to use ventila- agreed to share five years of data Council’s subpoena for just that.
you’re gonna find more cases,” he told the crowd. “So I said tors — are helping to improve patient outcomes. with the department and offered The N.Y.P.D. will continue to
recommendations to address its share data toward this mission.
to my people, ‘Slow the testing down, please.’ ” Administra- But it would still be better if the nation’s leaders worked tracking issues. The agreement
tion officials later insisted that the president was joking to prevent as many people as possible from contracting the gave the Health Department full
BENJAMIN B. TUCKER, NEW YORK
about requesting a testing slowdown, but it’s difficult to see virus in the first place — and to do that, they’ll have to start authority over the content of its The writer is the N.Y.P.D.’s first deputy
the humor in that punchline: If the U.S. reduces testing, case by acknowledging that the threat is real. On Tuesday, Dr. planned report. commissioner.
counts will decrease, but death counts will undoubtedly in- Robert Redfield, the director of the Centers for Disease Con-
crease. trol and Prevention, called the pandemic “the greatest pub-
The president’s remarks were hardly surprising. They lic health crisis our nation and world have confronted in a
harken back to the earlier days of the outbreak, when Mr. century.” It’s past time for the rest of the administration to The Climate Struggle Within the Civil Service
Trump suggested that coronavirus-exposed passengers be start taking it that seriously. TO THE EDITOR: tional goal of net zero carbon emis-
Re “Midlevel Staff Stifles Science sions by 2050, and it would place
About Climate” (front page, June the might of the federal govern-
15): ment behind those goals.
Your disturbing findings remind It’s common-sense legislation,
us that federal Civil Service em- and it’s necessary to counterbal-
ployees face a Faustian bargain. ance the Trump administration.
JAMELLE BOUIE They can preserve their careers or
ANDREA MCGIMSEY, ASHBURN, VA.
risk their jobs by working openly
The writer is senior director of global
The Boy Who Cried Fake News
on one of the great challenges
facing humanity: climate change. warming solutions for Environment
Global warming is already dam- America.
IF THERE’S ANYTHING we’ve learned in but Trump has expressed similar senti- the confines of a gated MAGA community, aging communities in every state,
the five years since Donald Trump came ments in the past. Trump has no sense of what the skeptical whether the Trump administration
down that escalator, it’s that he cannot Likewise, on the question of his cam- public wants to hear. This, too, was appar- wants to stick its head in the sand
thrive without a constant stream of atten- paign, the president’s re-election staffers ent at his Tulsa rally, where he spoke at or not. Scene of Poverty, Not Calm
tion, adulation and affirmation. It’s why know just what he wants to hear. They’ve length about minor controversies — his Americans are bearing the brunt
TO THE EDITOR:
he’s obsessed with cable news and Fox in either downplayed his poor numbers — ability to walk down a ramp, for example of these impacts. Thankfully, our
telling him that the polls showing Joe Bi- founders framed the Constitution Re “Therapeutic Creative Expres-
particular; why his cabinet meetings be- — that are almost certainly irrelevant to
den ahead skew Democratic — or chal- everyone other than himself. with an eye toward checks and sion” (Arts pages, June 16):
gin with almost worshipful praise from
each of his appointees; and why he’s con- lenged them outright. After a CNN poll And it’s not just Trump who is closed off balances among coequal branches Honoré Daumier’s painting “The
stantly touting his sky-high support from found him trailing Biden by 14 points, the from the rest of the world. Republican offi- of government. If there were ever Laundress” is noted as one of the
other Republicans. Trump campaign sent a cease-and-desist cials across the country refuse to believe a time when those checks were artworks that “might offer some
It’s also why, on Saturday, he held an in- letter to the president of the network, de- that the president is on the path to defeat. needed, it’s now. calm” in these troubling times.
door rally in the midst of a respiratory dis- manding that he retract the poll. “The more bad things happen in the coun- To that end, the Senate’s Clean Here is a woman at work. She
ease pandemic. “I guarantee you after The obvious problem with building a co- try, it just solidifies support for Trump,” Economy Act of 2020 can tip the has plunged her washing into an
Saturday, if everything goes well, he’s go- coon of sycophancy around oneself, as any one North Carolina Republican Party scales back in favor of logical icy river, and now she toils up
ing to be in a much better mood,” an un- failed authoritarian could explain, is that county chairman told Politico in a story on thinking. The bill calls for a na- steep and treacherous stone steps.
named Trump political adviser told CNN it hinders one’s ability to respond to condi- the belief, within Republican circles, that With one arm she braces the heavy
the day before the event. “He believes that tions on the ground, whether that’s a pan- “coronavirus is on its way out” and “polls wet laundry against her hip. Using
he needs to be out there fighting, and he are unreliable.” the other, she bends to hoist a
hefty child up the top step.
feeds off the energy of the crowds.” We can’t predict what will happen in ‘Trump Era Will Be Over’? A harmoniously composed ideal-
The president is plainly unable to han-
dle bad news, or even the idea that he isn’t
From inside his safe space, November. But right now Trump is losing
the presidential race, Democrats are
TO THE EDITOR: ization of care for a child? Cer-
tainly.
popular. Someone who rejects the idea of
being rejected may, for example, believe
Trump can’t see how the likely to hold the House of Representa-
tives, and Republicans are at risk of losing
Re “Chris Wallace, Star and Skeptic
at Fox News” (Business, June 15): A picture of “domestic tranquil-
that voter fraud is the only threat to his re- world has changed. the Senate. A backlash is brewing, and Chris Wallace contends that if
Joe Biden wins the presidency in
lity,” as you labeled it? I think not.
Rather, an image of backbreaking
election. And he’s constructed a bubble, Trump can’t sense it.
let’s call it a safe space, in which he’s insu- Mitch McConnell, the Republican ma- November, “the Trump era will be labor and grinding poverty.
lated from negative feedback and criti- demic or a presidential race. You can’t jority leader of the Senate, may see the over.” The Trump era might techni-
ROBIN BLEDSOE, CAMBRIDGE, MASS.
cism. The result is that he’s unable to re- change course if you refuse to see what’s writing on the wall. This is presumably cally be over in this scenario. But
spond to a changing national mood, un- happening in front of you. why he’s pushing a police reform bill — to the intensity of angry sentiment
able to adjust to a public that wants more Trump rejects his poor ratings — 58 per- give Republicans something to tout in the that the president succeeded in
leadership than spectacle. cent of Americans disapprove of his han- fall to those moderate voters who sympa- arousing in a large percentage of
dling of the coronavirus, and 60 percent thize with protesters. the electorate may, tragically, be For an Honest Election
We have plenty of evidence that Trump
shields himself from anything that could disapprove of his handling of the demon- But it’s not clear if the conservative with us for a long time. And other TO THE EDITOR:
disrupt the illusion of popularity he’s con- strations to protest the death of George movement as a whole knows what it has conservative aspirants for the
Maybe it is time to ask ourselves
structed around himself. At the Tulsa rally, Floyd — and so he continues to do the unleashed by hitching its wagon to Don- presidency will surely exploit this.
whether, in view of hacking, gerry-
he told his audience that, when faced with things that have placed him in a histori- ald Trump. These conservatives thought I’m voting for Mr. Biden, but I
never delude myself with the fan- mandering, voter suppression,
evidence of rising coronavirus infection cally weak position for an incumbent pres- they were getting “252 beautiful, brand- technical glitches and voter apathy,
rates, he urged his team to reduce the rate ident seeking re-election. new, conservative, wonderful judges” and tasy that having a Democrat in the
White House once again will in- we are capable of conducting a
of testing. “When you do testing to that ex- If Trump were less cloistered, he might a chance to cement their political prefer-
stantly banish the waves of re- national election whose results will
tent, you’re gonna find more people, know that to improve his prospects he has ences into the constitutional order. What
gression, bigotry, intolerance and be accepted by the American elec-
you’re gonna find more cases. So I said to to speak to voters on the fence between they may receive instead is a newly ener-
ignorance that taint our national torate as honest and uncorrupted.
my people, ‘Slow the testing down, him and Biden. He has to address their gized and increasingly liberal public that
please,’” he said. His press secretary says fears and make a positive case for his ad- has the numbers to sink that project for at honor. LAWRENCE WEISMAN
this was a “comment that he made in jest,” ministration. But because he lives within least the near future, if not much longer. 0 DAVID ENGLISH, ACTON, MASS. WESTPORT, CONN.

Do Younger
Boomers
Swing Left?
Jennifer Finney Boylan
I
THINK it was the 50th anniversary
of Woodstock last summer that finally
pushed me over the edge.
All summer long we’d been reliving
the ’60s. Again. There were the boomers,
reminiscing about Howdy Doody, Viet-
nam, the Summer of Love.
Watching all of this, I thought, well,
damn. I don’t have anything in common
with these people at all. Which is awk-
ward, because I too am a baby boomer.
Or so I thought. Then a friend of mine —
born, like me, in 1958 — told me that we’re
not boomers. We’re Generation Jones.
It was a term I’d never heard before, al-
though a quick internet search revealed
that yes, Generation Jones is an actual
thing. It refers to the second half of the
baby boom, to a group of people born
roughly from 1954 to 1965.
We might be grouped with the baby
boomers, but our formative experiences
were profoundly different. If the zeitgeist
of the boomers was optimism and revolu-
tion, the vibe of Gen Jones was cynicism
and disappointment, coming in the wake
of Watergate, the malaise of the Carter
years and the Reagan recession of 1982.
Above all, we resented the older
boomers themselves — who we were con-
vinced had things so much easier, and in
whose shadow we’d been forced to spend
our entire lives.
The fact that most people have never
even heard of Generation Jones is the
most Generation Jones thing about Gen-
eration Jones.
But if you identify more with punk, funk
or disco than, say, Elvis, Buddy Holly or
the Beatles, you’re a Joneser. Is “Leave It
to Beaver” a hazy memory, while “The
Maybe this is the
year that the 1970s
will finally end.
Brady Bunch” is crystal clear? You’re a
Joneser.
Were you too young for the draft (which
ended in 1973) but too old to have to regis-
ter for it (starting in 1979)? Was there a
time when you cared more about CB radio
than Twitter? Did you wear Earth Shoes?
Were you less likely to protest the war
than to streak? Hello, Mr. Jones.
The term was coined in 1999 by Jona-
than Pontell, a cultural critic, who likes the
double meaning of “Jones”: not only the
anonymity of it, but also the sense of
yearning. And in an interview last week,
Mr. Pontell told me he thinks that Genera-
tion Jones may play a crucial role in the
2020 election.
Unlike older boomers, members of this
generation are reliably conservative, per-
haps because the traumas of the 1970s led
us to distrust government. But Mr. Pontell
thinks that Jonesers are now tipping to the
left, for two reasons. First, President
Trump’s fumbling response to Covid-19
has hurt him with Jonesers, who are part
of the demographic most at risk from the
disease.
And then there is Mr. Trump’s cruel
mocking of Joe Biden’s senior moments.
“There are lots of seniors out there that
also have senior moments,” Mr. Pontell
said. “They don’t really like the president
mocking those one bit.”
There’s a word in Ireland, “begrudg-
ery.” Padraig O’Morain, writing in The
Irish Times, says: “Behind a lot of this be-
grudgery lies the unexamined and unspo-
ken assumption that there is only so much
happiness to go around. And guess what?
The others have too much and I have too
little.”
I turned to the feminist author Susan
Faludi, born in 1959, for more insight. “I
recognize the yearning/resenting de-
scription of that cohort,” she told me. “Per-
sonally, I’ve always been in the yearning
category — a modern-day Miniver
Cheevy, ‘born too late’ to be in the thick of
the ’60s social justice movements, which I
shamelessly romanticized.”
But many Jonesers feel bitterness
about the 1960s, Ms. Faludi said, not nos-
talgia: “Researching my book ‘Stiffed,’ I
met many angry baby boomer men —
laid-off workers, evangelicals, militiamen
— who felt they were slipping down the
status ladder and blamed civil rights, anti-
war, feminist and L.G.B.T. activism for
their misery.”
Jonesers expected that as adults, we’d
inherit the same wide-open sense of op-
portunity as our older brothers and sis-
ters. But when those opportunities dried
up, we became begrudgers instead — dis-
trusting of government, nervous about
change and fearful that creating opportu-
nities for others would mean a diminish-
ment of our own.
Damn. The more I think about it, the
more I think I don’t relate to Generation
Jones either. But maybe not relating is
what Generation Jonesers do best.
“In a way,” Ms. Faludi asked me, “aren’t
we all Generation Jonesers now, all still
living in the unresolved rain shadow of the
’60s, still fighting the same issues, still
shouting the same chants?”
Maybe. But I’m hoping that this tumul-
tuous, traumatic spring is finally the time
Generation Jones — and the rest of the
country, too — embraces the idea of trans-
formational change. It’s been 50 years
now. Couldn’t 2020, at long last, be the
year we end the 1970s?
We’ll soon find out. Something’s hap-
pening here, and you don’t know what it is.
Do you, Mr. Jones? 0 like the one we are facing with Covid-19.0
JENNIFER FINNEY BOYLAN, a contributing
opinion writer, is a professor of English
at Barnard College.
THE NEW YORK TIMES OP-ED WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
Black Workers Shouldn’t Sign NDAs
Nicole Taylor
B
EFORE quarantine and before
my executive food editor posi-
tion was eliminated at the web-
site Thrillist, I sought out a men-
tal health counselor to help pinpoint the
source of my anxiety at work.
I would have panic attacks in the bath-
room a few feet from my desk, then spray
my face with herbal water. My confidence
was low, and the scrutiny of everything I
said or did was real. I still performed.
I was laid off via Google Meet at the
height of the pandemic; it was a cold, fast
and heartless goodbye.
My employer was offering a severance
package, but only if I signed an agree-
ment that would limit my ability to talk
about my employment. I knew right
away that the only way black women like
myself can begin to heal and reclaim our
power at organizations where we have
encountered gaslighting and emotional
trauma is to refuse corporate muzzling.
My therapist had drilled into my head
that my carefully documented experi-
ences were evidence of racial microag-
gressions and workplace tokenism; I
couldn’t push it down and move on.
“I’m declining the severance pay-
ment,” read my email to human re-
sources refusing to sign the agreement,
which would have brought me a month’s
salary and unused paid time off.
The #MeToo movement helped bring
to light the pervasive culture of nondis-
closure agreements, which allowed pow-
erful men to get away with sexual har-
assment and abuse for decades.
Now that racial prejudice in the work-
place is finally being scrutinized on a
wider scale, we must also recognize the
role separation agreements might play in
silencing people of color, who fear retri-
bution and blacklisting for speaking out
against unfair treatment.
Black employees, I encourage you: If
you have the financial means to do so, say
no to separation agreements and general
Your Climate Disaster Tax Bill Is Rising
Paul Bodnar and Tamara Grbusic
T
HE coronavirus crisis has forced
the federal government to step up
suddenly with fiscal stimulus to
sustain the U.S. economy and
help avoid a global depression. This nec-
essary intervention comes at a price — a
spike in federal debt that will need to be
repaid.
The resulting pressure on the govern-
ment, taxpayers and the broader econ-
omy will intersect with another major fis-
cal challenge, one that we have yet to
reckon with: climate change.
Even before the coronavirus pandemic
struck, the federal government’s spend-
ing on climate-related disaster recovery
was a rapidly rising fiscal threat. In re-
sponse to such catastrophes in 2017, for
example, Congress appropriated $136 bil-
lion in additional funding for recovery —
amounting to about $1,000 for every
American taxpayer.
The government faces wide exposure,
including repairing damage to federal
property and lands, federal insurance for
property and crops, the cost of making
public infrastructure resilient to climate
impacts, and disaster aid (including relo-
cation of entire populations in the way of
climate threats like sea-level rise).
Fourteen billion-dollar weather and cli-
mate calamities struck last year, the fifth
year in a row with 10 or more. And projec-
tions don’t look good. The National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
warned last year that “the number and
cost of disasters are increasing over time
due to a combination of increased expo-
sure, vulnerability, and the fact that cli-
mate change is increasing the frequency
of some types of extremes that lead to bil-
lion-dollar disasters.”
Overall, according to the government’s
national climate assessment in 2018, con-
tinued warming “is expected to cause sub-
stantial net damage to the U.S. economy
throughout this century, especially in the
absence of increased adaptation efforts.”
BlackRock, the global investment man-
agement firm, calculates a 275 percent in-
releases. It’s a form of protest — a decla-
ration to wrongdoers that, at any time,
you have the right to share bits or all of
your story publicly.
In my career of producing and manag-
ing food content, I logged so many un-
savory interactions that it became rou-
tine and often left me feeling that I was
overly sensitive to prejudiced behavior.
When I interviewed for an entry-level po-
sition at Saveur magazine, for instance,
the editor in chief at the time barely lifted
his head and didn’t bother to read my ré-
sumé. (This was after I had published a
cookbook with a major publisher.)
At Thrillist, I thought my boldness, un-
bought principles and work ethic would
be the magic bullet to get black candi-
dates job interviews or change the cul-
ture of rewarding less-than-mediocre
white team members with new roles. It
didn’t. I was the broken record, singing,
We need to tell the world
about microaggressions
on the job.
“Lift every voice and sing, till earth and
heaven ring” — while feeling under-
mined and undervalued by my bosses at
every turn.
Food media is having a reckoning with
racism. The editor in chief of Bon Appétit
resigned this month after an old photo
surfaced of him cosplaying a Puerto Ri-
can stereotype and amid reports of unfair
treatment of people of color on staff.
Black cookbook authors have written
mini-essays detailing publishing woes.
Screenshot Slack messages and old
emails are becoming more valuable than
gold. I bear witness to the rise and fall of
the white-dominated culinary world.
I owe it to my lineage and to nameless
blue-collar workers to speak up, even as
it makes me uncomfortable. Merely
thinking about the invisible boots that
crushed the dreams of previous women
crease in major hurricane risk by 2050 un-
der a “no climate action” scenario that as-
sumes the continued use of fossil fuels. In
California, the utility PG&E declared
bankruptcy last year when faced with
paying for $30 billion in damage from dev-
astating wildfires.
The federal government will bear an in-
creasing share of these losses as private
insurance declines to provide coverage
for flood- and wildfire-prone property.
Coastal real estate has been likened to
junk bonds — “something that will proba-
bly go up in value, but has a small to mod-
erate chance of going to zero,” as the
Bloomberg Opinion columnist Noah
Smith put it. It’s unsurprising that private
insurers have not filled the gap left by de-
clining federal flood insurance.
Additionally, the ability of state and lo-
cal governments to absorb disaster costs
Climate calamities are a
growing fiscal threat.
is limited because they cannot borrow as
the federal government can. The only re-
course for states is to turn to the federal
government. And the pandemic has un-
derscored the shortcomings in the na-
tional government’s capacity to respond
to multiple disasters.
Furthermore, banks are actively of-
floading risky mortgages onto the govern-
ment-backed mortgage lenders Fannie
Mae and Freddie Mac. As defaults rise
with worsening climate, so will the direct
liability of the federal government.
The Federal Emergency Management
Agency’s flood insurance program is
about $20.5 billion in debt. As the Federal
Reserve Bank of San Francisco put it, be-
cause of low “risk awareness and insur-
ance affordability,” many government
agencies “have found themselves being
expected to act as insurers of first resort.”
A substantial increase in disaster
spending could threaten the factor that
has pushed the ballooning federal debt in
CELIA JACOBS
isn’t enough. Remembering the water
hoses that knocked down black Ameri-
cans isn’t the only way to honor individu-
als who held a mirror up to our nation.
To modern-day black professionals I
say, if your mortgage payments aren’t at
risk and your kids will continue to enjoy
their favorite snacks, protest. We must
get on one note.
In 2020, black professionals are up
against a different kind of white suprem-
acy. More often than not, this racism isn’t
hooded or carrying a burning cross; it’s
dressed as wage disparity. Workplace ills
rooted in racism are a disease; we need a
vaccine.
Our disruption is for our living and
dead ancestors. And as we hold compa-
nies accountable when they share “We
believe Black Lives Matter” statements,
we must demand that black people feel
empowered to share their stories of feel-
ing sidelined, ignored and racially dis-
criminated against.
I stand with the labor activists, like the
unions representing Condé Nast employ-
ees, who are calling for the ban of NDAs
in such cases. I stand with my black peers
like Tiffany Wines, who recently broke
her NDA to recount her painful experi-
ences while working for Complex maga-
zine.
When you escape a toxic work envi-
ronment, not caving in to a “hush your
mouth” document makes it better for the
next black person. You can leave the door
cracked with a detailed note. The bright
and eager food editors have a right to
know the names of allies.
I thank Ahmaud Arbery, Breonna Tay-
lor and George Floyd for shifting our col-
lective consciousness about structural
racism, for dragging the demons from the
corners of the water cooler and whisper-
ing to black people that we are still the
hands that rock the cradle of the world.
For this moment to stick, we must have
the gall to stand — and tell it like it is —
uninterrupted. Say it loud. 0 pen at any time.
NICOLE TAYLOR is a food writer and
producer.
the first place: the U.S. government’s low
cost of borrowing. Treasury notes are con-
sidered a safe haven for investors, but
there are signs this may be changing.
While the credit rating agencies Fitch and
S&P maintained their U.S. ratings at the
beginning of the coronavirus outbreak,
Fitch noted that the short-term risk of
downgrades increased in light of the eco-
nomic shock.
At the same time, debt projections con-
tinue to increase: The federal deficit,
which exceeded $1 trillion in 2019, is ex-
pected to reach $4 trillion this year.
To fund climate disaster expenses of
growing magnitude, the federal govern-
ment would have to significantly escalate
its borrowing. Rating agencies are in-
creasingly focused on climate-specific fis-
cal pressures. As BlackRock stated,
Moody’s “warned that climate change
would have a growing negative impact on
the creditworthiness of U.S. state and local
insurers.”
What can the government do to reduce
its exposure to climate-related disasters?
The answer is to cut greenhouse gas emis-
sions and ramp up spending to reduce
property exposure to climate-fueled
storms and droughts.
We have a choice between a carbon tax
and a spiraling climate disaster tax. In a
fast-approaching future where greater
public spending and escalating debt will
require higher levels of taxation, a carbon
tax is a prudent choice. It can provide an
important source of revenue, encourage
industries to decarbonize and lower the
danger of further credit rating down-
grades — all while decreasing future dis-
aster risk by reducing emissions.
While doing this now will not apprecia-
bly affect climate disasters for some time,
ambitious action to reduce emissions
worldwide under U.S. leadership can re-
duce the long-term financial burden to-
day’s young Americans will have to shoul-
der. It will leave the country better pre-
pared to pay for other crises that arise —
PAUL BODNAR is a managing director at
Rocky Mountain Institute, where TAMARA
GRBUSIC is an associate.
N A23
THOMAS L. FRIEDMAN
China and U.S.
Head Toward
A Divorce
MY FAVORITE STORY in John Bolton’s book
about the Trump Fun House — sorry,
White House — was that President Trump
appealed to China’s leader to buy more
U.S. agricultural products to boost
Trump’s farm vote and his re-election.
Donald: Stop begging. Both Xi Jinping
and Vladimir Putin have decided to vote
for you. Don’t worry!
They know that as long as you’re presi-
dent, America will be in turmoil. For Xi,
that means we’re a less formidable eco-
nomic rival, and for Vlad, that means
we’re a less attractive democratic model
for his people. They also both know that as
long as you’re president the U.S. will never
be able to galvanize a global coalition of
allies against them, which is what China
fears most on trade, human rights and
Covid-19 and Russia on Ukraine and Syria.
But while China may think it has noth-
ing to fear and much to gain from a Trump
victory over Joe Biden, the real U.S.-China
story should be cause for alarm in Beijing.
The real question the Chinese should be
asking themselves is not who will be
America’s next president, but rather:
“Who in China lost America?”
Because the real story is that the U.S.
and China are heading for a divorce.
The divorce papers will just say the
cause was “irreconcilable differences.”
But Mom and Dad know better. They are
getting divorced, after 40 years of being
one couple, two systems, because China
badly overreached and America badly un-
derperformed.
Love it or hate it, the U.S.-China part-
nership forged between 1979 and 2019 de-
livered a lot of prosperity to a lot of people
and a lot of relative peace to the world —
and, baby, we will miss it when it’s gone.
It was a period of unconscious eco-
nomic coupling. Steadily over this era, and
An unconscious coupling
is coming apart after four
decades.
then rapidly after China joined the World
Trade Organization in 2001, any America
entrepreneur could wake up and say, “I
want to purchase from this Chinese com-
pany” or “I want to move this supply chain
to China.”
These four decades of unconscious cou-
pling hurt some workers, benefited many
others and especially benefited con-
sumers; it also took the edge off the natu-
ral rivalry between the world’s most pow-
erful country and the most important ris-
ing power and enabled them to collabo-
rate on global problems, like climate
change and the post-2008 economic crisis.
This 40 years of unconscious coupling is
over. We will still trade, still engage diplo-
matically; tourists will still come and go;
U.S. businesses will still look to operate in
the giant China market, because they
must to survive.
But the unconscious coupling is over.
Henceforth, it will be more hedged, oppor-
tunities will be more restricted and the re-
lationship will be full of a lot more con-
scious suspicion, pressures for self-suffi-
ciency and fear that a rupture could hap-
Compared with the last 40 years, it will
feel like a divorce.
“Both sides are saying, ‘We’ve had
enough of you,” remarked Jim McGregor,
chairman of APCO Worldwide for Greater
China. And as Trump himself put it in a
tweet last week, the U.S. has the option “of
a complete decoupling from China.”
But both sides are not equally to blame.
The Xi era in U.S.-China relations, which
began in 2012, has led the relationship
steadily downhill. China went too far on a
broad range of issues.
Since Xi took power and made himself
effectively president for life and tightened
the Communist Party’s control over all
matters, U.S. journalists working in China
have had their access sharply curtailed;
China has become more aggressive in pro-
jecting its power into the South China Sea;
it’s become more fixated on subsidizing its
high-tech start-ups to dominate key in-
dustries by 2025; it’s stepped up its bully-
ing of Taiwan, taken a very aggressive ap-
proach toward India and intensified its in-
ternment of Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang;
it’s jailed two innocent Canadians to swap
for a detained Chinese businesswoman;
and it even hammered countries daring to
ask for an independent inquiry into how
the coronavirus emerged in Wuhan.
But if China has increasingly over-
reached, America has increasingly under-
performed.
It is not just that China reportedly has
fewer than 5,000 Covid-19 deaths and
America has over 120,000 — and the virus
started there. It is not just that it takes
about 22 hours on Amtrak to go from New
York to Chicago, while it takes 4.5 hours on
a bullet train to go from Beijing to Shang-
hai, a bit farther apart. It’s not just that the
pandemic has accelerated China’s trans-
formation to a cashless, digital society.
It’s that we have reduced investments
in the true sources of our strength — infra-
structure, education, government-funded
scientific research, immigration and the
right rules to incentivize productive in-
vestment and prevent excessive risk-tak-
ing. And we have stopped leveraging our
greatest advantage over China — that we
have allies who share our values and
China only has customers who fear its
wrath.
Summing up the relationship today, Mc-
Gregor, of APCO Worldwide, noted: “I
don’t know if the Chinese are taking Amer-
ica seriously anymore. They are happy to
just let us keep damaging ourselves. We
have to wake up and grow up” — and get
our own act and allies together. China re-
spects one thing only: leverage. Today, we
have too little and China has too much. 0
A24 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
4 VIRUS FALLOUT 7 SQUARE FEET 11 SPORTS

The pandemic may mute the The coronavirus is forcing While the Liverpool men’s
impact of Trump’s order to hospitals to adjust their plans soccer team prepares to win
suspend new visas for foreign to develop hotels for patients a title, the women’s squad
workers, experts say. seeking specialized care. is largely undersupported.

TECH ECONOMY MEDIA FINANCE WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 B1

N

What’s Up With the Price of Cheese?

JOE MELHUISH

Shifts in demand during the pandemic have wreaked havoc on a rarely volatile market.
By MATT PHILLIPS
The wholesale market for Cheddar is typi-
cally a mild one. But the vagaries of supply
and demand during the pandemic have
caused sharp swings in cheese prices,
which rose to record highs this month —
just weeks after plummeting to nearly 20-
year lows.
Consumers are buying way more cheese,
even as the usually huge demand from
restaurants and schools has fallen off.
Dairy farmers and prepared-food compa-
nies, which supply ingredients to cheese
makers or buy their products, have seen
disruptions in their businesses. Together,
these countervailing forces have fueled the
up-and-down trading in the market.
Like the price of oil, silver and hogs,
cheese prices are set, in part, by traders in
commodities markets. Each trading day at
11 a.m. Chicago time, the Chicago Mercan-
tile Exchange operates a 10-minute session
in which buyers and sellers — typically
large dairy food cooperatives, cheese
producers or other companies active in the
industry — electronically trade roughly
40,000-pound truckloads of young, mild
Cheddar.
Cheese prices soared to a record high on
June 8, when a 40-pound block of Cheddar
— the benchmark for cheese, akin to a bar-
rel of West Texas Intermediate in oil mar-
kets — touched $2.585 a pound on the CME.
By Tuesday, the price of block Cheddar
jumped even higher, to $2.81 a pound.
That was a 181 percent turnaround from
mid-April, when the same block of cheese
would have cost only a dollar a pound.
“It’s the most volatility that we’ve seen in
the cheese market ever,” said Phil Plourd,
president of Blimling and Associates, a
dairy commodity consulting firm in Madi-
son, Wis. “If there was a cheese VIX index,
it would have been spiking,” he added, re-
ferring to the volatility index often de-
scribed as the stock market’s “fear gauge.”
Bulk prices for everything from moz-
zarella to Parmesan are quoted at a pre-
mium or a discount to the CME’s block
Cheddar price. And these wholesale prices
filter through to the price consumers pay at
groceries and restaurants.
And much like higher-profile markets,
cheese prices have been whipsawed by the
uncertainty facing the American economy
and bolstered by government actions.
“A lot of the dynamics that we’ve come to
trust with regard to food service and retail
CONTINUED ON PAGE B4

Bankruptcy? Tiny Bank a Goliath of Pandemic Aid
For C.E.O.s,
It’s a Bonus
By PETER EAVIS
The coronavirus recession is
pushing many companies into
bankruptcy, a painful process that
has led to layoffs, wiped out some
investors and hurt the economy.
But the chief executives of some
of these businesses are doing just
fine.
Companies that are struggling
to pay creditors and suppliers are
managing to find millions of dol-
lars to pay bonuses to their
bosses. The payments, which are
made just before a bankruptcy fil-
ing, appear to be legal and have
been made by several companies.
J.C. Penney, which is closing 154
stores, paid its chief executive, Jill
Soltau, $4.5 million. The chief ex-
ecutive of Whiting Petroleum,
which sought bankruptcy protec-
tion in April, received $6.4 million,
and Chesapeake Energy is paying
bonuses ahead of an expected
bankruptcy filing. Executives at
Hertz also got payments before
the rental-car giant sought bank-
ruptcy protection.
Companies have said the pay-
ments are meant to help them re-
tain qualified executives through
CONTINUED ON PAGE B5
By STACY COWLEY
From its address on the west side
of the Hudson River to its tiny bal-
ance sheet, Cross River Bank is
nothing like Manhattan’s Wall
Street behemoths. But as part of
the government’s efforts to stave
off an economic catastrophe, it
stands among giants.
Cross River has churned out
loans to more than 106,000 busi-
nesses through the Paycheck Pro-
tection Program, a centerpiece of
the government’s $2 trillion
CARES Act. That puts it just be-
hind three of the country’s most
prolific lenders: Bank of America,
JPMorgan Chase and Wells
Fargo.
Cross River’s size — it has a sin-
gle branch, in Teaneck, N.J., and
just a few billion dollars in assets
— means it’s generally described
as a community bank. But it’s any-
thing but a small-town lender:
Cross River has spent the past
decade carving out a lucrative
business as a bank for the finan-
cial technology start-ups trying to
compete with traditional banks.
When the coronavirus pan-
demic ground businesses to a halt,
the government wanted to use
banks to distribute $660 billion in
forgivable loans — fast — to small-
business owners trying to pay
workers who might otherwise be-
come jobless. Cross River was one
CONTINUED ON PAGE B5
Twitter Chief’s Pay Service
Withholds Merchants’ Cash
By NATHANIEL POPPER
OAKLAND, CALIF. — Jack Dorsey
has won plaudits for his corporate
activism during the coronavirus
crisis, taking on President Trump
in his role as Twitter’s chief execu-
tive and donating nearly a third of
his total wealth to pandemic relief.
But at Mr. Dorsey’s other com-
pany, Square, a payments busi-
ness where he is also chief execu-
tive, he is facing a growing chorus
of unhappy customers.
Thousands of small enterprises
that use Square to process their
credit card transactions — includ-
ing plumbers, legal consultants
and construction firms — have
complained that the company re-
cently began holding back 20 to 30
percent of the money they col-
lected from customers. The with-
holdings came with little warning,
they said, and Square asserted the
right to hang on to the money for
the next four months.
Square told them that it was do-
ing this for protection from risky
transactions or customers who
demanded their money back. But
several affected businesses pro-
vided documents to The New York
Times showing they had not had
any returns or risk flags.
SASHA MASLOV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Square was unfairly keeping
Gilles Gade is C.E.O. of Cross River Bank, a favored partner of fintechs. money from them at an economi-
cally vulnerable time to protect its
own bottom line, they said. That
had thrown their small businesses
into financial difficulties, they
added, forcing them to lay off em-
ployees, cut expansion plans, take
out loans and miss mortgage pay-
ments.
Some businesses say
a company is hurting
them to protect itself.
20%-30%
Amount of customers’ payments
that some small businesses say
Square is holding back.
“It may not be the coronavirus
that puts us out of business but ac-
tually the greed of Square that
breaks the camel’s back,” said Jes-
se Larsen, the owner of Penny-
Wise Contracting, a construction
company in Olympia, Wash.
He said Square began holding
on to 30 percent of each transac-
tion in early May, which totaled
thousands of dollars for him. With-
CONTINUED ON PAGE B6
B2 N THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020

The Digest

EDUCATION

Disney Language Schools Arrows Stay Up as Investors Bet on Recovery

Close for Good in China By The Associated Press

S&P 500 INDEX Stocks closed higher on Wall The S& P 500 Index
The Walt Disney Company has de- Street on Tuesday, extending the
cided to close Disney English, a +0.43% market’s recent winning streak af- Position of the S& P 500 index at 1-minute intervals on Tuesday.
3,131.29
chain of 25 language schools in ter another strong showing by 3,160
China, ending a business that, at technology companies.
times, prompted questions about The S&P 500 rose 0.4 percent
education as marketing. 3,150
and is on pace for its third straight
The schools, in six cities and us-
ing Disney characters like Mickey STOCKS & BONDS 3,140
Mouse and the Little Mermaid, ALY SONG/REUTERS
have been closed since late Janu- monthly gain. The Nasdaq com-
ary, when China’s government be- posite, which is heavily weighted 3,130
gan aggressive coronavirus con- ization in the Asia-Pacific region, DOW JONES INDUSTRIALS with technology stocks, climbed
tainment. Traditional schools told parents in a letter Monday. He to an all-time high for the second
have been allowed to slowly re- said the program had “welcomed +0.50% day in a row. Bond yields rose, an- 3,120
open, but some supplemental edu- more than 100,000 learners.” 26,156.10 other sign of increasing confi- Previous close
cation centers, including Disney He said Disney was “taking dence in the economy. 3,117.86 3,110
English, have remained closed. care” of teachers affected by the Health care stocks and compa-
The chain was founded in 2008, decision but did not specify how. nies that rely on consumer spend- 10 a.m. Noon 2 p.m. 4 p.m.
when China’s fast-growing middle Advance-paid tuition will be re- ing were also among the big gain- Source: Reuters THE NEW YORK TIMES
class created increased demand funded. The schools, for children ers, while safe-play sectors like
for English-language learning. ages 2 to 12, charged roughly real estate and utilities stocks fell.
“Over the past few years, we $2,000 annually for about 100 Investors have been focused on that have reopened are making
have noticed a shift in consumer hours of instruction. A spokes- the prospects for an economic re- strides to emerge from a deep re-
preferences toward online learn- woman for Disney Parks, Experi- covery as more businesses reopen
New-Home Sales cession.
NASDAQ COMPOSITE INDEX
ing experiences, and this trend ences and Products, the division after being shut down due to the Annual pace of new private homes On Tuesday, the Commerce De-
has been accelerated by the global housing Disney English, declined +0.74% coronavirus pandemic. Encourag- sold during the month, seasonally partment said sales of new U.S.
pandemic,” Mahesh Samat, Dis- to say how many students were 10,131.37 ing economic data, including retail adjusted. homes jumped 16.6 percent in
ney’s executive vice president of enrolled or whether the centers sales and hiring, have helped MARCH APRIL MAY May to an annual rate of 676,000,
consumer products commercial- were profitable. BROOKS BARNES stoke optimism that the recession 800,000 –14.5% –5.2% +16.6% exceeding Wall Street’s forecasts.
will be relatively short-lived. Further updates on the U.S.
Plus, Wall Street has grown economy are expected toward the
600
confident that the Federal Re- end of this week, when the govern-
SOCIAL MEDIA Mr. Trump that included a doc- serve and Congress are prepared ment will issue data on consumer
tored video about a “racist baby.” to continue providing a historic 400 spending, weekly unemployment
Twitter Puts a Warning Mr. Trump accused Twitter of amount of support to the market aid applications and durable
On Another Trump Tweet trying to stifle conservative 10-YEAR TREASURY YIELD and economy, said Sam Stovall, 200 goods orders.
voices and hurt his re-election bid. chief investment strategist at The yield on the 10-year Treas-
Twitter added a label to another In May, he signed an executive or-
0.72% CFRA. ury note rose to 0.72 percent from
+0.01 points The S&P 500 rose 13.43 points to 0 0.71 percent late Monday. It tends
post by President Trump on Tues- der intended to roll back legal pro-
day, the fifth time it has said he vi- tections for Twitter and other in- 3,131.29. The Dow Jones industrial ’19 ’20 to move with investors’ expecta-
olated its policies and further es- ternet companies. A lawsuit has average gained 131.14 points, or Source: Commerce tions for the economy and infla-
calating the company’s battle with been filed to block the order. 0.5 percent, to 26,156.10. The Nas- Department THE NEW YORK TIMES tion.
the president over his tweets. Twitter has continued its efforts daq climbed 74.89 points, or 0.7 Benchmark U.S. crude oil fell 36
In an early-morning tweet, Mr. to moderate his tweets, setting it percent, to 10,131.37. The index has cents to settle at $40.37 a barrel.
only fallen twice so far in June. On Tuesday, Federal health offi- Brent crude, the international
Trump threatened “serious force” apart from social media compa-
The Russell 2000 index of small cials told Congress to brace for a standard, dropped 45 cents to
against any protesters who tried nies that have avoided taking ac-
company stocks picked up 5.81 second wave of coronavirus infec- close at $42.63 per barrel.
to establish an autonomous zone tion on the president’s posts.
points, or 0.4 percent, to 1,439.34. tions in the fall and winter. The market rally followed solid
in Washington, D.C., as they have Twitter said Mr. Trump’s tweet CRUDE OIL (U.S.)
The market has continued to While the virus remains a con- gains in Europe, where indexes
in Seattle. Twitter hid his message about the autonomous zone in- $40.37 climb, despite bouts of volatility, cern as businesses reopen, new marched higher after some en-
behind a warning label saying the cluded “the presence of a threat of –$0.36 even as a rise in new coronvairus cases aren’t yet that concerning, couraging economic data.
president violated company poli- harm against an identifiable
cases in the United States and said Jason Draho, head of Ameri- France’s CAC 40 gained 1.4 per-
cies forbidding abusive behavior. group.” Such a tweet would be re-
other countries clouds the cas asset allocation at UBS Global cent, while Germany’s DAX ral-
After years of taking a hands-off moved if a regular user posted it, Wealth Management.
prospects for an economic recov- lied 2.1 percent. Britain’s FTSE
approach, Twitter began to mod- but Twitter provides an exception
ery. “Right now, that’s something to 100 rose 1.2 percent.
erate Mr. Trump’s posts more ag- to this policy for Mr. Trump and
The World Health Organization monitor, but when you look at the Asian markets overcame some
gressively last month. It added other government officials, allow-
said over the weekend that the underlying data, it’s all still at lev- early turbulence caused by re-
fact-checking messages to some ing their messages to remain on-
pandemic is still in its ascendancy. els that are not too concerning as ported comments by the White
tweets about mail-in ballots and line behind a warning label. “This
The United States, which is seeing opposed to where we were back in House trade adviser Peter
put a warning label on a tweet in Tweet will remain on the service
rapid increases in cases across the March and April,” he said. Navarro that appeared to suggest
which he suggested protesters given its relevance to ongoing GOLD (N.Y.)
South and West, has the most in- Investors have been placing the U.S. trade deal with China was
would be shot. Last week, it put an public conversation,” Twitter said. $1,772.10 fections and deaths by far in the more weight on economic data re- in trouble. President Trump later
explanatory label on a tweet from KATE CONGER +$15.40 world. leases that suggest economies said the agreement was still on.

What Happened in Stock Markets Yesterday

POWERED BY

S&P 500 3131.29 0.4% Nasdaq Composite Index 10131.37 0.7% Dow Jones industrials 26156.10 0.5%

3,400
10,000
28,000
3,200

9,000 26,000
3,000 +20% +20% +20%

+15% +15% +15%

2,800 24,000
+10% +10% +10%
8,000
2,600 + 5% + 5% + 5%
22,000

0% 0% 0%
2,400
Apr. May June Apr. May June Apr. May June

TOTAL
Best performers Worst performers Most active World Stocks TOTAL RETURN
ASSETS
VOLUME
S&P 500 COMPANIES CLOSE CHANGE S&P 500 COMPANIES CLOSE CHANGE S&P 500 COMPANIES CLOSE CHANGE IN MIL. 1 YR 5 YRS IN BIL.

1. Mohawk Inds (MHK) $103.88 +12.6% 1. American Airl (AAL) $14.00 –6.2% 1. American Airl (AAL) $14.00 –6.2% 202.6 1. Vanguard Total Intl Stock Index Inv(VGTSX) –2.2% +2.0% $150.2
2. TripAdvisor (TRIP) 20.11 +10.6 2. Fortinet (FTNT) 137.07 –4.1 2. Ford Motor (F) 6.15 –2.1 86.5 2. American Funds Capital Income Bldr A(CAIBX) –1.0 +3.3 58.0
3. Sysco (SYY) 58.28 +6.0 3. Seagate Tech (STX) 48.87 –4.0 3. GE (GE) 7.00 –0.6 80.4 3. American Funds Capital World Gr&Inc A(CWGIX) +3.8 +5.6 47.1
4. Darden (DRI) 75.35 +5.6 4. L3harris Tech (LHX) 177.25 –3.8 4. United Arlns (UAL) 36.08 –1.3 63.2 4. American Funds New Perspective A(ANWPX) +12.3 +9.8 43.7
5. Nrwn Crs Ln (NCLH) 18.03 +5.5 5. Western Digit (WDC) 43.51 –3.6 5. Apple (AAPL) 366.53 +2.1 52.8 5. Dodge & Cox International Stock(DODFX) –8.0 –1.4 36.8
6. DXC Tech (DXC) 16.24 +4.8 6. Helmerich (HP) 20.91 –3.4 6. Nrwn Crs Ln (NCLH) 18.03 +5.5 51.5 6. Vanguard International Growth Adm(VWILX) +25.7 +11.1 35.1
7. Royal Carib C (RCL) 54.36 +4.8 7. Chipotle (CMG) 1039.16 –2.9 7. Boeing (BA) 187.88 –0.3 50.0 7. DFA International Core Equity I(DFIEX) –5.2 +1.3 24.8
8. Leggett & Pla (LEG) 35.52 +4.8 8. QuestDiagnost (DGX) 106.96 –2.7 8. AMD (AMD) 53.99 –1.4 47.9 8. Fidelity International Index(FSPSX) –2.4 +1.8 24.7
9. Carnivl (CCL) 18.00 +4.5 9. Teledyne Tech (TDY) 317.14 –2.6 9. Wells Fargo (WFC) 27.23 –0.4 47.2 9. American Funds SMALLCAP World A(SMCWX) +12.5 +8.0 24.5
10. expedia grou (EXPE) 86.60 +4.2 10. Southern Co (SO) 53.27 –2.6 10. BofAML (BAC) 24.79 +0.7 45.9 10. American Funds Europacific Growth A(AEPGX) +5.8 +4.3 21.7
Source: Morningstar

Sector performance How stock markets fared yesterday in Asia … … in Europe … and in the Americas.
S&P 500 SECTORS
+3.0
Consumer discretionary +1.0% Frankfurt +2.1%
+2.5
Information technology +0.7
+2.0
Communication services +0.6
Health care +0.4 +1.5
Tokyo +0.5%
Financials +0.4 +1.0
London +1.2% New York +0.4%
Materials +0.2 +0.5
Energy +0.1 Toronto +0.3%
0.0
Industrials 0.0 Shanghai +0.2%
–0.5
–0.1 Consumer staples
–1.0
–0.4 Real estate Major stock market indexes
–1.1 Utilities –1.5
6 p.m. E.T. 8 10 12 a.m. 2 4 6 a.m. 8 10 12 p.m. 2 4 6 p.m.

What Is Happening in Other Markets and the Economy

Bonds Currencies Consumer rates Commodities Economy

10-year Treas. Key rates 1 euro = $1.1309 Crude oil Unemployment Rate Consumer confidence
3% $1.3
6% $100 a barrel
10% 120
1.2 Borrowing rate
2
30-year fixed mortgages
5 50
Fed Funds 2-year Treas. 1.1 5 100
1

0 1.0 4 0 0 80
’19 ’20 ’15 ’16 ’17 ’18 ’19 ’20 ’12 ’14 ’16 ’18 ’20 ’16 ’18 ’20 ’16 ’18 ’20

3
Yield curve $1 = 106.53 yen Corn New-home sales Industrial production
3% 120 $6 a bushel
1-YEAR AGO 2 700 thousand
260
2 110 Savings rate 4
600
1 1-year CDs
YESTERDAY 240
1 100 2 500

0 Maturity 90 0 0 400 220

3 6 2 5 10 30 ’15 ’16 ’17 ’18 ’19 ’20 ’10 ’15 ’20 ’12 ’14 ’16 ’18 ’20 ’16 ’18 ’20 ’16 ’18 ’20
Months Years

WORKPLACE | VIRUS FALLOUT
Stacy Brown-Philpot, one of Silicon Valley’s top black female executives.
TaskRabbit Losing C.E.O.,
In Blow to Diversity in Tech
By DAVID GELLES
Stacy Brown-Philpot, the chief ex-
ecutive of TaskRabbit and one of
the few prominent black women in
Silicon Valley, is stepping down af-
ter four years running the San
Francisco-based marketplace for
gig workers.
During her time as C.E.O.,
TaskRabbit expanded rapidly and
was acquired by Ikea. In making
the announcement on Tuesday,
Ms. Brown-Philpot said she would
stay on until the end of August, al-
lowing the company to identify
her successor.
Ms. Brown-Philpot’s departure
is a setback to the technology in-
dustry’s halting efforts to improve
its diversity. And while she serves
on the boards of HP Inc. and Nord-
strom, Ms. Brown-Philpot said
she had not decided on her next
full-time role.
“It’s really hard to decide what
you’re going to do next when
you’re so focused on what you’re
doing right now,” she said in an in-
terview on Monday. “We’ve been
planning this for months, and
even right now, we’re dealing with
a recession, a pandemic and a so-
cial justice movement all at the
same time.”
In addition to her work on cor-
porate boards, Ms. Brown-Philpot
was recently tapped to serve as an
adviser on a $100 million fund that
SoftBank is creating to support
companies led by people of color.
Ms. Brown-Philpot said the
killing of George Floyd by the
Minneapolis police and the ensu-
ing global protests had a profound
impact on her.
“Racial bias and injustice is
something that I’ve lived with my
whole life,” she said. “I grew up in
Detroit and experienced racism
all my life. Every time somebody
asks me how I’m doing, I process
either consciously or subcon-
sciously some form of racism that
I’ve experienced. It’s torn apart
families and communities. I’m
just deeply frustrated by it all.”
But, she added, she had made
the decision to leave TaskRabbit
before the protests, and she be-
lieves she could still have an im-
pact even if she is not running a
company. “I know that I still have
my voice, and I don’t think it only
exists as a C.E.O.,” she said.
Ms. Brown-Philpot acknowl-
Virus Briefing
THE ECONOMY
Mnuchin Says Aid Package
Could Be Approved in July
Treasury Secretary Steven
Mnuchin said on Tuesday that he
could foresee another economic
stimulus package passing in Con-
gress by the end of July and that
he believed that the United States
economy would begin a rebound
in the third quarter of this year.
Speaking at an investing con-
ference sponsored by Bloomberg,
Mr. Mnuchin said that he would
like the next stimulus legislation
to focus on helping individuals
and businesses that have been hit
hardest by the coronavirus pan-
demic. He also played down the
likelihood of major infrastructure
investment being included in such
a bill, noting that building roads
and bridges would not necessarily
help displaced workers get re-
hired quickly.
“We want to make sure that the
20 million people who don’t have
jobs get back to work,” Mr.
Mnuchin said.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
T-Mobile to Help SoftBank
Sell Shares It Holds in Sprint
Masayoshi Son, the billionaire
who controls the investment giant
BETHANY MOLLENKOF FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
edged that Silicon Valley was still
badly lagging in its efforts to fos-
ter more racial diversity within its
companies.
“There’s been so much momen-
tum in terms of creating gender
equity in tech,” she said. “We have
a long way to go with minorities.
We have a long way to go with
making sure we have more black
people represented in tech.”
In the past four months, Ms.
Brown-Philpot has been steering
TaskRabbit through the pan-
demic.
Many of the workers who offer
their services through the com-
pany, such as handymen and as-
sistants, wanted to keep working
as much as they could. In an effort
to help, TaskRabbit provided its
gig workers with free personal
Moving on after
helping a gig worker
marketplace rise.
protective equipment, and offered
instructions on how to do jobs
safely.
“Under her leadership,
TaskRabbit has become a success-
ful global business that is strongly
positioned for continued year-
over-year growth,” the company
said in a statement. “During her
tenure, TaskRabbit expanded to
thousands of cities across the
United States, Canada and Eu-
rope.”
With the country now reopen-
ing, demand is rising for services
its workers provide.
“We’ve seen growth in a lot of
areas like deliveries,” Ms. Brown-
Philpot said. “People need some-
body to set up the home office,
their barbecue grill, their trampo-
lines. There’s a need for what
we’re doing. It’s an essential serv-
ice.”
Yet Ms. Brown-Philpot said gig
economy companies needed to do
more to take care of their contract
workers, adding that she was in
favor of so-called portable bene-
fits, which allow workers to carry
policies from one job to another.
“We have a responsibility to
take care of the community,” she
said. “And it doesn’t stop just pro-
viding the basic P.P.E.”
SoftBank, got one step closer to of-
floading his stake in the long-trou-
bled wireless carrier Sprint.
Months after Sprint closed its
merger with T-Mobile in April, Mr.
Son’s company announced its in-
tention to sell its stake in the newly
combined business. T-Mobile said
on Monday that it would help sell
nearly 200 million shares of Sprint
held by SoftBank, valued at about
$20 billion.
Mr. Son has for years tried to sell
off his control of Sprint, a debt-
laden business. He had long pushed
for a merger with T-Mobile, which
would allow him to reap some cash
that could be used to shore up his
other businesses.
An outspoken entrepreneur, Mr.
Son has had to defend his strug-
gling empire after weak perform-
ance in some of his investments, in-
cluding WeWork. When the coro-
navirus pandemic hit, huge swaths
of his empire saw drops in revenue.
SoftBank reported an operating
loss of $12.7 billion for the fiscal
year that ended in March, its first
yearly loss in 15 years. T-Mobile,
controlled by the German company
Deutsche Telekom, has become a
hefty challenger to its rivals Veri-
zon and AT&T, with roughly 100 mil-
lion customers across the country.
THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 N B3
This announcement is neither an offer to purchase nor a solicitation of an offer to sell Shares (as defined below). The Offer (as defined below) is made only by the Offer to Purchase, dated June 24, 2020, and the related Letter of Transmittal
(as defined below) and any amendments or supplements thereto, and is being made to all holders of Shares. The Offer is not being made to (nor will tenders be accepted from or on behalf of) holders of Shares in any jurisdiction in which
the making of the Offer or the acceptance thereof would not be in compliance with the securities, blue sky or other laws of such jurisdiction. Offeror (as defined below) may, in its discretion, take such action as it deems necessary to
make the Offer comply with the laws of any such jurisdiction and extend the Offer to holders of Shares in such jurisdiction in compliance with applicable laws. In those jurisdictions where applicable laws require the Offer
to be made by a licensed broker or dealer, the Offer shall be deemed to be made on behalf of Offeror by one or more registered brokers or dealers licensed under the laws of such jurisdiction to be designated by Offeror.
Notice of Offer to Purchase
All Outstanding Shares of Common Stock
of
Finjan Holdings, Inc.
at
$1.55 Per Share, Net to the Seller in Cash,
Pursuant to the Offer to Purchase dated June 24, 2020
by
CFIP Goldfish Merger Sub Inc.,
a direct wholly owned subsidiary of
CFIP Goldfish Holdings LLC
CFIP Goldfish Merger Sub Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Offeror”) and wholly owned subsidiary of CFIP Goldfish Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
(“Parent”), is making an offer to purchase all outstanding shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Shares”), of Finjan Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Finjan”),
for a price per Share of $1.55 (such amount, as it may be adjusted from time to time upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement (as defined below),
the “Offer Price”), net to the seller in cash, without interest and less any withholding of taxes required by applicable law, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the
Offer to Purchase (the “Offer to Purchase”) and the related letter of transmittal that accompanies the Offer to Purchase (the “Letter of Transmittal” which, together with the Offer
to Purchase, as each may be amended or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the Merger Agreement, collectively constitute the “Offer”). Offeror was formed for the
purpose of making the Offer and merging with and into Finjan in connection with the transactions described in the Offer to Purchase. Parent is controlled by Fortress Operating
Entity I LP (“FOE I”), a Delaware limited partnership, FIG Corp., a Delaware corporation (“FOE GP”) and Fortress Investment Group LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
(“FIG” and, together with FOE I and FOE GP, “Fortress”).
Any stockholder of Finjan wishing to tender Shares pursuant to the Offer must, prior to the expiration of the Offer, (1) complete and sign the Letter of Transmittal that accompanies
the Offer to Purchase in accordance with the instructions in the Letter of Transmittal and mail or deliver the Letter of Transmittal and all other required documents to Computershare
Trust Company, N.A., in its capacity as depositary and paying agent for the Offer (the “Depositary and Paying Agent”), together with certificates representing the Shares tendered or
following the procedure for book-entry transfer described in Section 3—“Procedures for Accepting the Offer and Tendering Shares” of the Offer to Purchase or (2) request that such
stockholder’s broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee effect the transaction for the stockholder. A stockholder whose Shares are registered in the name of a
broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee must contact such person if such stockholder wishes to tender his, her or its Shares.
Beneficial owners should be aware that their broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee may establish its own earlier deadline for participation in the Offer.
Accordingly, beneficial owners wishing to tender Shares into the Offer should contact their broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee as soon as possible in order
to determine the times by which such owner must take action in order to tender Shares into the Offer.
Any stockholder of Finjan wishing to tender Shares pursuant to the Offer and who cannot deliver all required documents to the Depositary and Paying Agent prior to the expiration of
the Offer, may also tender Shares pursuant to the guaranteed delivery procedure described in Section 3—“Procedures for Accepting the Offer and Tendering Shares” of the Offer to Purchase.
Tendering stockholders who are record holders of their Shares and tender directly to the Depositary and Paying Agent, will not be obligated to pay brokerage fees or commissions
or, except as otherwise provided in Instruction 6 of the Letter of Transmittal, stock transfer taxes with respect to the purchase of Shares by Offeror pursuant to the Offer. Stockholders
who hold their Shares through a broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee should consult such broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee
as to whether it charges any service fees or commissions.
THE OFFER AND WITHDRAWAL RIGHTS WILL EXPIRE AT 12:00 MIDNIGHT,
EASTERN TIME, AT THE END OF JULY 22, 2020 (ONE MINUTE AFTER 11:59 P.M.,
E A STER N TIME , ON J ULY 22 , 2020 ), U NLESS THE OFFER IS E X TENDED.
The Offer is being made in connection with the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 10, 2020 (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Parent, Offeror and Finjan,
pursuant to which, following successful consummation of the Offer and the satisfaction or waiver of each of the applicable conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, Offeror will
merge with and into Finjan (the “Merger”), with Finjan surviving the Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Merger will become
effective at the time the certificate of merger is filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or at such later time as may be agreed by the parties and specified therein (such
time, the “Merger Effective Time”). At the Merger Effective Time, each Share outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than Shares held by Finjan (or held in
Finjan’s treasury) or its subsidiaries, Shares held by Parent, Offeror or any other direct or indirect subsidiary of Parent or Offeror or any person that directly or indirectly owns all of
the equity interests in Parent or Offeror or any Shares held by any person who is entitled to and properly demands statutory appraisal of his, her or its Shares under Section 262 of the
General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”) in connection with the Merger) will be converted into the right to receive an amount in cash, without interest, equal
to $1.55 per Share, without interest and less any withholding of taxes required by applicable law.
The Offer is conditioned upon, among other things, (i) the satisfaction of the Minimum Condition (as defined below), (ii) at the Expiration Date (as defined below), there being no
law or order of any governmental entity that directly or indirectly restrains, prohibits or otherwise makes illegal the consummation of the Offer or the Merger and (iii) since the date of
the Merger Agreement, there not having occurred any Material Adverse Effect (as such term is defined in the Offer to Purchase). The Offer is also subject to other conditions set forth
in Section 15—“Certain Conditions of the Offer” of the Offer to Purchase (such other conditions, together with the conditions described above, the “Offer Conditions”). The Offer is
not subject to any financing condition. The term “Initial Expiration Date” means 12:00 midnight, Eastern time, at the end of July 22, 2020 (one minute after 11:59 p.m., Eastern time,
on July 22, 2020), unless Offeror, in accordance with the Merger Agreement, extends the period during which the Offer is open, in which event the Initial Expiration Date of the Offer
will be extended to the latest date at which the Offer, as so extended, expires (the “Expiration Date”). The term “Minimum Condition” is defined in Section 15—“Certain Conditions
of the Offer” of the Offer to Purchase and generally requires that there shall have been validly tendered in the Offer (in the aggregate), excluding any Shares validly withdrawn and
excluding any Shares tendered pursuant to guaranteed delivery procedures that have not yet been received (as defined in Section 251(h)(6)(f) of the DGCL), that number of Shares
that, together with all Shares (if any) beneficially owned by Parent, Offeror or any of their respective direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiaries represent one more Share than 50%
of the total number of Shares outstanding immediately following the expiration of the Offer (it being understood that, for purposes of calculating whether the foregoing condition has
been satisfied, the aggregate number of Shares outstanding shall (i) include, without duplication, Shares issuable in respect of Finjan options for which the holders thereof have validly
exercised such Finjan options and satisfied all of the requirements for exercise thereof prior to the expiration of the Offer, even if delivery of Shares resulting from such exercises to the
respective optionholders has not occurred prior to the expiration of the Offer and (ii) not include Shares held in treasury by Finjan as of the expiration of the Offer or any other Shares
acquired by Finjan prior to the expiration of the Offer (including any such shares acquired in connection with tax withholding or payment of the exercise price for the exercise of Finjan
Options), even if delivery to Finjan of Shares so acquired has not occurred prior to the expiration of the Offer).
Concurrently with the execution of the Merger Agreement, certain stockholders of Finjan have entered into Support Agreements, dated as of June 10, 2020 (the “Support
Agreements”), with Parent and Offeror, which require such stockholders (the “Supporting Stockholders”), subject to the terms of the Support Agreement executed by each such
Supporting Stockholder and discussed in Section 11—“The Transaction Agreements” of the Offer to Purchase, among other things, to promptly (and in any event not later than five
business days after the commencement of the Offer) tender and not withdraw all of the Shares owned by such Supporting Stockholder as of the date of such Support Agreement
or otherwise acquired prior to the termination of the Support Agreement. The Shares covered by the Support Agreements constitute approximately 28% of the outstanding Shares as of
June 23, 2020. The Support Agreement terminates upon certain events, including the valid termination of the Merger Agreement in accordance with its terms.
The Finjan board of directors has unanimously adopted resolutions (1) determining that the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby are fair to and
in the best interests of Finjan and the holders of Shares, (2) resolving that the Merger Agreement and the Merger will be effected pursuant to Section 251(h) of the DGCL,
(3) approving and declaring advisable the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Offer and the Merger, upon the terms and subject to the
conditions and limitations set forth in the Merger Agreement and in accordance with the DGCL and (4) determining, upon the terms and subject to the conditions contained in
the Merger Agreement to recommend that holders of Shares accept the Offer and tender their Shares pursuant to the Offer
Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the Offer (including, if the Offer is extended or amended in accordance with the Merger Agreement, the terms and conditions
of any such extension or amendment), Offeror will accept for payment and pay for all Shares validly tendered prior to the Expiration Date of the Offer and not properly withdrawn.
For purposes of the Offer, Offeror will be deemed to have accepted for payment, and thereby purchased, Shares validly tendered and not properly withdrawn as, if and when Offeror
gives oral or written notice to the Depositary and Paying Agent of Offeror’s acceptance for payment of such Shares pursuant to the Offer. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions
of the Offer, payment for Shares accepted for payment pursuant to the Offer will be made by deposit of the Offer Price for such Shares with the Depositary and Paying Agent, which
will act as agent for the purpose of receiving payments from Offeror and transmitting such payments to tendering stockholders whose Shares have been accepted for payment. If Offeror
extends the Offer, is delayed in its acceptance for payment of Shares or is unable to accept Shares for payment pursuant to the Offer for any reason, then, without prejudice to Offeror’s
rights under the Offer, the Depositary and Paying Agent may, nevertheless, on behalf of Offeror, retain tendered Shares, and such Shares may not be withdrawn except to the extent
that tendering stockholders are entitled to withdrawal rights as described herein and as otherwise required by Rule 14e-1(c) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended (together with the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, the “Exchange Act”).
In all cases, payment for Shares tendered and accepted for payment pursuant to the Offer will be made only after timely receipt by the Depositary and Paying Agent of (1) certificate(s)
representing those Shares or confirmation of a book-entry transfer of such Shares into the Depositary and Paying Agent’s account at The Depository Trust Company pursuant to the
procedures set forth in Section 3—“Procedures for Accepting the Offer and Tendering Shares” of the Offer to Purchase, (2) the Letter of Transmittal, properly completed and duly
executed (or, with respect to a financial institution (including most commercial banks, savings and loan associations and brokerage houses) that is a member in good standing of a
recognized Medallion Program approved by the Securities Transfer Association, Inc., including the Security Transfer Agents Medallion Program and the Stock Exchanges Medallion
Program (each, an “Eligible Institution”), a manually executed facsimile thereof, with any required signature guarantees), or an Agent’s message in connection with a book-entry transfer
of shares, and (3) any other documents required by the Letter of Transmittal. Accordingly, tendering stockholders may be paid at different times depending upon when the foregoing
documents with respect to Shares are actually received by the Depositary and Paying Agent. Under no circumstances will Offeror pay interest on the Offer Price to be paid for any
Shares, regardless of any extension of the Offer or delay in making payment.
Subject to the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and the provisions of the Merger Agreement, Offeror expressly reserves the right
to (1) increase the Offer Price, (2) waive any Offer Conditions and (3) make any other changes in the terms and conditions of the Offer. However, unless otherwise provided by the Merger
Agreement, Offeror will not, without the prior written consent of Finjan, (1) decrease the Offer Price, (2) change the form of consideration payable in the Offer, (3) reduce the maximum
number of Shares sought to be purchased in the Offer, (4) amend, modify or waive certain conditions of the Offer, (5) impose conditions to the Offer that are in addition to the conditions
of the Offer set forth in the Merger Agreement or amend, modify or supplement any condition to the Offer in any manner adverse to the holders of Shares, (6) except as provided in the
Merger Agreement, accelerate, extend or otherwise modify or amend the Expiration Date or (7) provide any “subsequent offering period” (or any extension thereof) within the meaning of
Rule 14d-11 under the Exchange Act. The Merger Agreement provides that unless otherwise agreed to in writing by Parent and Finjan, the Offer is initially scheduled to expire on the Initial
Expiration Date. Subject to Parent, Offeror and Finjan’s respective termination rights under the terms of the Merger Agreement if, as of any Expiration Date, any condition of the Offer is
not satisfied and has not been waived, the Offeror is required to, if requested by Finjan (and may without the consent of Finjan or of any other person) extend the Offer for successive periods
of ten business days each (or such other period as Finjan and the Offeror may agree), until such time as all conditions of the Offer are satisfied or waived. Offeror will also extend the
Offer from time to time for any period required by any law or rules, regulations, interpretations or positions of the SEC or its staff or The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC applicable to
the Offer. However, in each of the foregoing extensions, in no event will Offeror (1) be required to extend the Offer beyond the earliest to occur of (A) the valid termination of the Merger
Agreement and (B) September 8, 2020 (the “End Date”) or (2) be permitted to extend the Offer beyond the earliest of such deadlines without the prior written consent of Finjan.
Any extension of the Offer will be followed by a public announcement of the extension no later than 9:00 a.m., Eastern time, on the next business day after the day on which the
Offer was otherwise scheduled to expire. During any extension, all Shares previously tendered and not properly withdrawn will remain subject to the Offer, subject to the rights of a
tendering stockholder to withdraw such stockholder’s Shares.
Pursuant to Section 251(h) of the DGCL and due to the obligations of Parent, Offeror and Finjan under the Merger Agreement, Offeror expects the Merger to occur as soon as
practicable after the time, if any, at which Offeror accepts for payment all Shares validly tendered and not properly withdrawn, pursuant to and subject to the conditions of the Offer,
which shall occur promptly after the expiration of the Offer (and in any event within two business days thereafter). Following consummation of the Offer and subject to the satisfaction
of the conditions to the Merger, Offeror, Parent and Finjan will take all necessary and appropriate actions to effect the Merger as promptly as practicable without a meeting of holders
of Shares in accordance with Section 251(h) of the DGCL.
Shares tendered pursuant to the Offer may be properly withdrawn at any time prior to the Expiration Date and, unless theretofore accepted for payment by Offeror pursuant to the Offer,
may also be withdrawn at any time after August 23, 2020, which is the 60th day from the commencement of the Offer, unless such Shares have already been accepted for payment by us
pursuant to the Offer. For a withdrawal to be proper and effective, a written or, with respect to Eligible Institutions, facsimile transmission, notice of withdrawal must be timely received by
the Depositary and Paying Agent at one of its addresses set forth on the back cover page of this Offer to Purchase. Any such notice of withdrawal must specify the name of the person who
tendered Shares to be withdrawn, the number of Shares to be withdrawn and the name of the registered holder of such Shares, if different from that of the person who tendered such Shares.
All questions as to the form and validity (including time of receipt) of any notice of withdrawal will be determined by Offeror, in its reasonable discretion, whose
determination will be final and binding upon the tendering party. Offeror also reserves the absolute right to waive any defect or irregularity in the withdrawal of any Shares
by any particular stockholder, regardless of whether or not similar defects or irregularities are waived in the case of other stockholders. None of Parent, Offeror, Finjan,
the Depositary and Paying Agent, the Information Agent or any other person is or will be under any duty to give notification of any defects or irregularities in any notice of
withdrawal or incur any liability for failure to give any such notification.
The exchange of Shares for cash pursuant to the Offer or the Merger will be a taxable transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Stockholders are urged to consult their
tax advisors to determine the particular tax consequences to them (including the application and effect of any U.S. federal estate or gift tax rules, or any state, local or non-
U.S. income and other tax laws) of tendering their Shares pursuant to the Offer, exchanging their Shares in the Merger or exercising appraisal rights. See Section 5—“Material
United States Federal Income Tax Consequences” of the Offer to Purchase for a discussion of certain material U.S. federal income tax consequences of tendering Shares pursuant
to the Offer or exchanging Shares in the Merger.
The information required to be disclosed by Rule 14d-6(d)(1) promulgated under the Exchange Act is contained in the Offer to Purchase and is incorporated herein by reference.
Finjan has provided Offeror with Finjan’s stockholder list and security position listings for the purpose of disseminating this Offer to Purchase and related documents to holders of
Shares. This Offer to Purchase and the related Letter of Transmittal, together with the Schedule 14D-9, will be mailed or otherwise provided to record holders of Shares whose names
appear on Finjan’s stockholder list and will be furnished, for subsequent transmittal to beneficial owners of Shares, to brokers, dealers, commercial banks, trust companies and other
nominees whose names, or the names of whose nominees, appear on the stockholder list or, if applicable, who are listed as participants in a clearing agency’s security position listing.
THE OFFER TO PURCHASE AND THE RELATED LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL CONTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION THAT SHOULD BE READ
CAREFULLY BEFORE ANY DECISION IS MADE WITH RESPECT TO THE OFFER.
Questions or requests for assistance or additional copies of the Offer to Purchase, the Letter of Transmittal and the Notice of Guaranteed Delivery may be directed to Georgeson LLC,
the information agent for the Offer (the “Information Agent”), at its telephone number and address set forth below. Stockholders may also contact their broker, dealer, commercial bank,
trust company or other nominee for assistance concerning the Offer.
Except as set forth in the Offer to Purchase, neither Parent nor Offeror will pay any fees or commissions to any broker or dealer or to any other person (other than to the Depositary
and Paying Agent and the Information Agent) in connection with the solicitation of tenders of Shares pursuant to the Offer. Brokers, dealers, commercial banks, trust companies
and other nominees will, upon request, be reimbursed by Offeror for customary mailing and handling expenses incurred by them in forwarding offering materials to their customers.
The Information Agent for the Offer is:
Georgeson LLC
1290 Avenue of the Americas, 9th Floor
New York, New York 10104
Shareholders, Banks and Brokers
Call Toll Free: (866) 391-7007
June 24, 2020
B4 N THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
J.&J. Ordered
To Pay Women
$2.1 Billion
In Talc Lawsuit
By RONI CARYN RABIN
A Missouri appeals court on Tues-
day ordered Johnson & Johnson
and a subsidiary to pay $2.1 billion
in damages to women who blamed
their ovarian cancers on the com-
pany’s talcum products, including
its iconic baby powder.
The decision slashed by more
than half a record award of $4.69
billion in compensatory and puni-
tive damages to the women, which
was made in July 2018.
Johnson & Johnson still faces
thousands of lawsuits from con-
sumers who claim its talcum prod-
ucts were contaminated with as-
bestos that caused cancer. The
company announced last month
that it would stop selling baby
powder made from talc in North
America, though it would contin-
ue to market the product else-
where in the world.
A spokeswoman said Johnson &
Johnson would seek further re-
view of the ruling by the Supreme
Court of Missouri and defended its
talcum products as safe.
“We continue to believe this
was a fundamentally flawed trial,
grounded in a faulty presentation
of the facts,” Kim Montagnino, the
spokeswoman, said. “We remain
confident that our talc is safe, as-
bestos free and does not cause
cancer.”
Mark Lanier, the lawyer who
represented the plaintiffs, urged
consumers to discard any baby
powder they had in their homes.
Six plaintiffs in the case died be-
fore the trial started, and five
more women have died since the
jury trial ended in 2018, he said.
Since this is a civil suit, “all you
can do is fine them, and we need to
fine them sufficiently that the in-
dustry wakes up and takes no-
tice,” Mr. Lanier added.
In its decision, the appellate
court noted that the company’s in-
ternal memorandums from as far
back as the 1960s indicated that its
talcum products contained asbes-
tos, and that the mineral could be
dangerous.
“A reasonable inference from all
this evidence is that, motivated by
profits, defendants disregarded
the safety of consumers despite
their knowledge the talc in their
products caused ovarian cancer,”
the court said.
The plaintiffs “showed clear
and convincing evidence defend-
ants engaged in conduct that was
outrageous because of evil motive
or reckless indifference,” it said.
The court awarded $500 million
in actual damages and $1.62 bil-
lion in punitive damages, reduc-
ing the original award of $550 mil-
lion in compensatory damages
and $4.14 billion in punitive dam-
ages after dismissing claims by
some of the plaintiffs.
Johnson & Johnson has argued
that faulty testing methods and
shoddy science were responsible
for findings of asbestos in its prod-
ucts. But thousands of people —
mostly women with ovarian can-
cer — have sued, saying they were
never warned of the risks.
The main ingredient in baby
powder and many other bath pow-
ders was talc, a natural mineral
known for its softness.
In 1980, after consumer advo-
cates raised concerns that talc
contained traces of asbestos, an
infamous carcinogen, the com-
pany developed an alternative
powder made from cornstarch.
Though talcum powder has
been promoted as soft and gentle
enough for babies, and is sold with
other infant products in stores,
adult women have long been the
main purchasers, using baby pow-
der in pubic areas and to prevent
chafing between the legs. Many
women in hot climates use baby
powder to stay dry.
Early lawsuits against the com-
pany pointed to talc as a cause of
ovarian cancer, though the scien-
tific evidence was not conclusive.
In later cases, plaintiffs’ lawyers
zeroed in on asbestos contamina-
tion as the culprit, saying even
trace amounts could cause cancer.
As of March, Johnson & John-
son faced more than 19,000 law-
suits related to talc body powders.
So far, the legal record has been
mixed, with the company prevail-
ing in some cases and losing in
others. It is appealing nearly all of
the cases it has lost.
INVESTMENT
PROPERTIES
(600)
Investment Properties
Other Areas 605
Mixed Use Real Estate For Sale
Delray Beach Opp Zone
10 Resi Units + 1 CML Gut Renovated
$1.65M Call: 954-546-2107
Clockwise from top left: Plants operated by JBS, Tyson, Cargill and Smithfield. Senators Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts and Cory
Booker of New Jersey criticized the four companies for exporting to China while lobbying President Trump to keep their plants open.
Senators Press Meatpackers on Exports
By MICHAEL CORKERY
Two prominent Democrats in the
Senate are questioning how meat-
packing companies could justify
exporting record amounts to
China in April while warning of a
shortage of pork and beef across
the United States.
Senators Elizabeth Warren of
Massachusetts and Cory Booker
of New Jersey sent a letter late
Monday to the chief executives of
Smithfield, Tyson, Cargill and
JBS, criticizing them for export-
ing to China at the same time they
were lobbying the Trump admin-
istration to keep their plants open
during the pandemic because
they wanted to keep feeding
Americans.
The senators said the compa-
nies were putting their workers’
lives in danger while also raising
food prices for American con-
sumers.
“This pattern of behavior raises
questions about whether you are
living up to your commitments to
What’s Up With the Fickle Price of Cheese?
FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE
demand have been thrown out the
window,” said Dave Kurzawski, a
dairy broker in Chicago with bro-
kerage firm INTL FCStone.
During the peak of pandemic-
related fears in March and April,
consumers rushed to grocery
stores to stockpile cheese for their
coming quarantines. Retail sales
surged more than 70 percent from
a year earlier.
But that wasn’t enough to offset
the drop in demand from shut-
tered restaurants and educational
institutions, which together ac-
count for at least half of the sales
of bulk commodity cheese, ac-
cording to industry estimates.
The falloff in cheese demand
spilled over into the dairy market,
contributing to a plunge in milk
prices.
From the restaurant industry,
“80 percent of the volume went
away,” said Jeff Schwager, presi-
dent of Sartori Cheese.
Sartori Cheese operates two
plants in Wisconsin, where 600
employees produce and age hard
cheeses such as Parmesan, Asi-
ago and fontina. For a while, retail
demand and orders from pre-
pared-food makers — which use
Sartori cheese in frozen pizza, sal-
ad dressings and other products
— helped offset the loss from
restaurant closings. Then in May,
outbreaks of the coronavirus in
the meatpacking industry halted
production of many prepared
foods.
Similar situations were playing
out elsewhere. Beginning in late
March, as demand disappeared,
cheese stockpiles began to grow.
Storage space became scarce. In
the following weeks, some
producers began to dump their
cheese on the Chicago spot mar-
ket at steep discounts. Prices
plummeted.
“We got swamped with Ched-
dar for a time,” said John Umhoe-
fer, the executive director of the
Wisconsin Cheese Makers Associ-
ation.
The glut didn’t last long. In
April, with Cheddar at $1 a pound
— a level last seen in 2003 —
cheese made in the United States
was suddenly priced far below for-
eign competitors. By the middle of
that month, exports began to pick
up, according to cheese traders,
providing domestic makers with a
VIRUS FALLOUT | LITIGATION
WHITNEY CURTIS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
DANIEL ACKER/BLOOMBERG
the workers who produce your
pork and beef, the communities in
which you operate and the na-
tion’s consumers that rely on your
products to feed their families,”
Ms. Warren and Mr. Booker
wrote.
The letter was prompted by an
article in The New York Times last
week detailing how pork exports
to China totaled a record 129,000
Record shipments to
China amid warnings
of a U.S. shortage.
tons in April, when the profitable
demand in that country surged.
Representatives for Tyson and
Cargill declined to comment on
the letter. Smithfield, which is
owned by a Chinese company, and
JBS did not return requests for
comment.
The meat companies have said
shortages across the United
Anne Saxelby at her cheese shop in Manhattan. Retail cheese sales are up as demand from restaurants has fallen.
A Big Chunk of Cheddar
CME block cheddar price
$3 per pound
2 cheese began to stock up to en-
1 during the worst of the downturn
0 than they did last year, according
July Oct. 2019 April July
Source: FactSet
new source of demand, and help-
ing to stabilize prices.
“We were the most competitive
price in the world, and everyone
was coming to the U.S. to buy,”
said Brian Fletcher, vice president
of commercial services at Rice
States were a legitimate concern.
Dozens of their plants were forced
to close through April and into
May, as thousands of workers
tested positive for the coronavirus
and dozens died.
The companies said much of the
exported meat had been produced
weeks before it was shipped to
China and before packing plants
became hot spots for the virus.
Since President Trump signed an
executive order in late April to
keep the plants operating, some of
the large meat companies have
switched their production to bet-
ter meet domestic demand, they
said.
Data shows that meat exports
continued to surge in May. Ex-
ports of poultry increased 28 per-
cent from a year earlier, according
to Panjiva, the supply-chain re-
search unit of S&P Global Market
Intelligence. And pork exports to
China rose 590 percent from a
year earlier, reaching their high-
est level since at least 2009.
The pork industry, in particular,
$2.81
Oct. 2020 April
THE NEW YORK TIMES
Dairy, a brokerage consulting firm
in Chicago.
Also helping to steady the mar-
ket: the government.
Not long after the price of
cheese bottomed out in April, the
Department of Agriculture an-
DANIEL ACKER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
MATT SLOCUM/ASSOCIATED PRESS
had been banking on a boom in ex-
ports to China, the world’s largest
consumer, after a thaw in the
trade war with the United States
late last year. The industry had
been building up its processing
and packing capacity and raising
more pigs.
In their letter, Ms. Warren and
Mr. Booker asked the companies
to provide the number of virus
cases in each of their facilities,
which meatpackers like Smith-
field have declined to disclose
publicly unless required.
The senators have also asked
for more detailed data on exports
and price increases in the United
States during the pandemic.
“These actions raise questions
about the circumstances of the
president’s executive order, your
honesty with the American public
about the reasons for higher food
prices, and your commitment to
providing a safe, affordable and
abundant food supply for the na-
tion,” they wrote.
JEENAH MOON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
nounced plans to spend $3 billion
to buy food from farmers, includ-
ing $100 million a month on a vari-
ety of dairy products. The an-
nouncement helped put a floor un-
der prices, analysts said.
This month, as restaurants
around the country slowly re-
opened, companies that supply
sure an adequate supply. So much
so, some cheese factories have
struggled to meet demand, as
dairy farmers who cut production
were unable to supply them with
enough milk.
Shoppers continue to buy 20 to
30 percent more cheese at stores
to data from IRI, a market re-
search firm in Chicago. The return
of demand has again pushed
cheese prices higher, where they
hover roughly 3 percent below
record levels.
“The orders fell off literally in
days, and they came back literally
in days,” Mr. Umhoefer said. “It
was all at once, very much a roller
coaster.”
Broader Effects
Of Visa Limits
May Be Muted,
For the Moment
By GILLIAN FRIEDMAN
While the American business
community reacted swiftly — and
negatively — to President
Trump’s executive order suspend-
ing new visas for foreign workers,
immigration experts said that be-
cause of the coronavirus pan-
demic it would take some time be-
fore workers felt the impact.
The order, announced on Mon-
day, suspends at least through the
end of the year H-1B visas for
skilled workers, H-2B visas for
low-skill jobs, H-4 visas for de-
pendents of certain visa holders, J
visas for those participating in
work and student exchanges and
L visas for transfers within a com-
pany.
However, United States consul-
ates are not currently conducting
interviews for most green cards or
temporary workers because of
Covid-19, said Julia Gelatt, senior
policy analyst at the Migration
Policy Institute.
“The immediate impact of the
suspension is mostly symbolic un-
til those consular officers reopen,”
she said. “Then it will have a real
impact on who is able to immi-
grate into the United States.”
In signing the order on Monday,
Mr. Trump cited the need to pre-
serve American jobs during an
economic downturn.
But businesses leaders rejected
that rationale, with companies
like Google, Twitter, Facebook and
Amazon all releasing critical
statements saying that the order
would hurt them and the Ameri-
can economy as a whole.
“We’ve heard from manufactur-
ers, technology companies, ac-
counting firms, pharmaceutical
companies, cosmetics companies,
among many others, about how
these visa restrictions will harm
their businesses, and the negative
impacts will be felt by not only
these companies, but also the
American workers employed by
them,” said Jon Baselice, the exec-
utive director of immigration pol-
icy for the U.S. Chamber of Com-
merce.
The H-1B visa program is avail-
able only to foreign workers who
have a bachelor’s degree or
higher, and is often used to fill po-
sitions in the tech sector, though
the visas are also used to hire
teachers, architects, engineers,
doctors, lawyers and other skilled
workers.
The Trump administration’s
suspension of H-1B visas is in-
tended to push companies to look
harder for Americans to fill those
roles.
“They may have to raise wages,
they may have to recruit in ways
and in places that they don’t cur-
rently,” said Mark Krikorian, ex-
ecutive director of the Center for
Immigration Studies, a think tank
in Washington that supports im-
migration limits.
But Jennifer Minear, the presi-
dent of the American Immigration
Lawyers Association, said that
companies often used H-1B visas
because they could not find quali-
fied American workers for spe-
cific roles.
“We already have a shortage of
STEM workers in the United
States, they’re not just going to
suddenly become qualified to do
these jobs, just because they lost
their job doing something else,”
Ms. Minear said.
American companies have be-
come more comfortable with re-
mote work over the past few
months, and they may choose to
respond to the visa suspension by
hiring the same worker but hav-
ing them work remotely in an-
other country, said Joseph Vavra,
associate professor of economics
at the University of Chicago Booth
School of Business.
“From the perspective of the do-
mestic worker who is displaced,
that looks exactly the same, ex-
cept now you’re not bringing in
tax revenue and you’re not bring-
ing in local demand or any of the
other positive benefits you get
from having that worker physi-
cally in the United States,” Mr.
Vavra said.
The suspension of L-1 visas,
which allow for transfers within
companies and also allow compa-
nies to send an employee to the
United States to establish a com-
pany office, could also have signif-
icant implications for the U.S.
economy.
“This may discourage compa-
nies from opening U.S. offices if
they aren’t able to get the visas to
bring their employees from
abroad to the United States,” Ms.
Gelatt said.
Low-wage jobs in fields like
landscaping, forestry, seasonal
construction and seasonal hospi-
tality have been filled by workers
on H-2B visas. The economic cri-
sis caused by the virus could
change that, Ms. Gelatt said, and
there may be more Americans fac-
ing the prospect of long-term un-
employment who are willing to
take those jobs.

Wirecard’s Former Chief Is Arrested
By LIZ ALDERMAN
and CHRISTOPHER F. SCHUETZE
The former chief executive of
Wirecard, a German electronic
payment platform, has been ar-
rested in Munich, prosecutors
said Tuesday, after the company
admitted that 1.9 billion euros
($2.1 billion) missing from its ac-
counts probably “do not exist.”
Markus Braun, who resigned as
chief executive on Friday, trav-
eled from his home in Vienna to
Germany late Monday and turned
himself into the authorities. Earli-
er on Monday, the Munich state at-
torney had filed a petition for an
arrest warrant on suspicion of
market manipulation.
Mr. Braun, 50, built Wirecard
from a small Bavarian start-up
into a darling of the financial tech-
nology sector; it grew so domi-
nant that it knocked Germany’s
Commerzbank out of the DAX
stock market index in 2018. But its
shares have tumbled over 80 per-
cent in recent days after the com-
pany’s board disclosed that its au-
ditors, EY, formerly Ernst &
Young, couldn’t locate accounts
containing nearly €2 billion and
postponed its annual report.
The German prosecutors ac-
cused Mr. Braun of misrepresent-
ing Wirecard’s earnings by inflat-
ing its sales with falsified income
by using so-called third-party ac-
quirers, which provide payment-
related services.
Later on Tuesday a court re-
leased Mr. Braun on €5 million
bail, and on condition that he show
up in Munich once a week to check
in with the authorities.
Two Philippine banks that re-
portedly had held that money in
escrow accounts last week re-
vealed that they had never dealt
with Wirecard. One of them, Bank
of the Philippine Islands, issued a
statement saying claims that the
company was a client were “spuri-
ous.”
The other bank, BDO Unibank,
revealed last week that a docu-
ment claiming Wirecard held an
account at the financial institution
had been faked and carried forged
signatures of bank officers.
Mr. Braun was replaced a chief
executive by James Freis, a for-
mer compliance officer at Ger-
many’s stock exchange who was
hired only the day before to serve
on Wirecard’s management
board.
Mr. Braun has not been for-
mally charged with a crime, but he
may be kept in jail for up to six
months pending charges, accord-
ing to the Munich prosecutor’s of-
fice.
His downfall as a combative ex-
Bankruptcy? For C.E.O.s, It’s Another Bonus
From Page B1
the recession and bankruptcy.
But critics counter that the
money would be better spent on
rank-and-file employees. “It
makes me angry because they are
not taking care of the people who
are actually making the money,”
said Liz Marin, who worked at
Toys “R” Us when it filed for bank-
ruptcy and is now an organizer in
training at United for Respect, a
nonprofit organization that seeks
to help retail workers. Toys “R” Us
paid bonuses to executives before
its bankruptcy.
Hold on, why are these C.E.O.s still
employed?
Chief executives who lead compa-
nies into bankruptcy are at risk of
losing their jobs. Geisha Williams
left Pacific Gas & Electric, the gi-
ant California utility, in January
2019, just before the company filed
for bankruptcy protection, for ex-
ample.
But other corporate boards,
which hire the chief executive and
set compensation for senior offi-
cers, seem to be showing more
grace toward the boss. In many
cases, the executives could do lit-
tle to prevent the crushing falloff
in business that occurred when
the pandemic and lockdowns
stopped people going into stores,
eating out and taking trips. The
drop in the oil price this year was
unusually large, walloping many
energy companies, though some,
like Chesapeake, were already
burdened with large debts.
Can’t a bankruptcy judge prevent
companies from handing out big
bonuses?
Certain outlays that a company
makes just before bankruptcy —
for instance, payments to suppli-
ers — are at risk of being clawed
back. But the bonus payments
typically don’t fall into that cate-
gory, legal scholars say.
Typically, a company in bank-
ruptcy court has to get a judge’s
approval before doing just about
anything of importance, espe-
cially spending millions of dollars.
If a chief executive got a new com-
pensation package during bank-
ruptcy, a judge would have to de-
cide whether the compensation
was justified after hearing from
Markus Braun, who resigned on Friday as the chief of Wirecard, has not yet been formally charged with a crime.
ecutive hailed in the German cor-
porate world was precipitated by
a series of reports in The Finan-
cial Times over the last year ques-
tioning accounting irregularities
in the company’s Asian opera-
tions. Wirecard disputed the re-
ports, calling them “fake news”
and claiming it was under attack
by speculators.
An Austrian businessman and
computer science expert, Mr.
Braun, who lives in Vienna, joined
A missing $2 billion is
at the center of an
accounting scandal.
the Munich-based company two
years after it was founded in 1999
and led Wirecard for nearly two
decades. He previously worked
for KPMG’s consulting business.
Mr. Braun methodically built
Wirecard into an apparently prof-
itable international business, ini-
tially offering its digital payment
services to pornography and gam-
bling sites, which other online
payments platforms tended to
shun.
Over the years, the company
prospered by making contactless
payments seem effortless; it at-
tracted hundreds of thousands of
new merchants, including high-
profit customers like Apple Pay,
Google Pay and Visa.
DYLAN HOLLINGSWORTH/BLOOMBERG
Jill Soltau, chief executive of J.C. Penney, received a $4.5 million bonus
before the company’s bankruptcy filing. Chesapeake Energy said in its filing
that its chief executive, Robert D. Lawler, was also eligible for a cash bonus.
creditors, shareholders and other
groups. But this can be a drawn-
out and expensive process — a big
reason companies pay bonuses
before bankruptcy.
Why are the C.E.O.s getting cash?
In normal times, a large portion of
executive compensation is paid
out in stock-based awards that top
officers earn over time. But the
stock of a bankrupt company is
most likely going to be wiped out
or be worth little once a company
resolves its bankruptcy or, in ex-
treme cases, sells off its assets
and goes out of business.
As a result, boards have quickly
changed how top officers are paid,
giving them cash bonuses instead
of stock-based awards. But paying
cash up front can be a windfall for
chief executives when the liveli-
hood of employees is under threat.
“The companies are creating
certainty for their C.E.O.s at a
time of the greatest uncertainty
for the employee base and the
company in general,” said Brett
Miller, head of data solutions for
the responsible-investment arm
of Institutional Shareholder Serv-
ices, which advises investors on
corporate governance issues.
How big are these bonuses com-
pared with what executives earned
before?
Some companies point out that
their cash bonuses are smaller
than the incentive-linked compen-
sation previously awarded to ex-
THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
FINANCE
In 2016, it ventured into North
America by acquiring Citibank’s
prepaid card division for an undis-
closed sum.
Mr. Braun was virtually un-
known until the company won a
spot in Frankfurt’s blue-chip stock
index, the DAX, causing a sensa-
tion in Germany. In a 2018 article
in the German newspaper Zeit,
Mr. Braun, who recently began
wearing black turtleneck sweat-
ers like Steve Jobs, was described
as being sober, coldly analytical
and highly private.
“I have no interest in being a ce-
lebrity,” he told Zeit, describing
his own personality as “quite bor-
ing.”
Nonetheless, Mr. Braun became
a regular speaker at technology
and payment conferences, where
he promoted the benefits of a
cashless society and predicted
that the world’s retail payment in-
frastructure would replaced by a
single, fully digital system within
a decade.
When the reports emerged of
suspected wrongdoing at Wire-
card, Mr. Braun and his team re-
sponded by delaying EY’s annual
report for 2019 and hiring KPMG
to provide an independent assess-
ment of the company’s books.
In its report, released in April,
KPMG said it could not provide
sufficient documentation to ad-
dress all allegations of irregular-
ities.
In the most serious finding, cov-
ering 2016-18, KPMG said it had
AARON M. SPRECHER/BLOOMBERG
ecutives. Chesapeake said in a fil-
ing that its chief executive, Robert
D. Lawler, was eligible for a cash
bonus 34 percent smaller than the
$13.5 million at which his 2019
variable compensation was val-
ued. Ms. Soltau of J.C. Penney got
a $4.5 million cash bonus before
the retailer declared bankruptcy,
much lower than the $8.2 million
at which her 2019 incentive-based
awards were initially valued.
But some stock awards had
slumped in value, as share prices
of troubled companies plum-
meted, even before the pandemic
took hold. Put another way, the
cash bonuses may have enabled
the executives to recover pay that
they had most likely already lost,
possibly for good.
Some companies don’t even try
to argue that executive pay was
cut. At $6.4 million, the cash bonus
paid to Whiting Petroleum’s chief
executive, Bradley J. Holly, is
larger than the $5.5 million at
which the company valued his to-
tal compensation for 2019.
And of course the bonuses are
far higher than what regular em-
ployees earn. Ms. Soltau’s was
many times the $11,482 the retail-
er’s median employee, a part-time
worker, earned during J.C. Pen-
ney’s 2019 fiscal year, according to
a securities filing.
Are troubled companies linking
bonuses to goals in any way?
The cash bonuses have also led to
the concealing, loosening and re-
MICHAEL DALDER/REUTERS
been unable to verify the exist-
ence of €1 billion in revenue that
Wirecard booked through three
obscure third-party acquiring
partners. The findings led to calls
by some investors for Mr. Braun’s
ouster.
The KPMG report then at-
tracted the attention of Ger-
many’s financial regulator, BaFin,
which had previously suspected
short-sellers of manipulating
Wirecard’s stock price.
On June 5, prosecutors raided
the company’s headquarters and
opened proceedings against man-
agement as part of the inquiry ini-
tiated by BaFin. Prosecutors said
in a statement that the company
was suspected of releasing mis-
leading information that may
have affected Wirecard’s share
price.
After the raid, Wirecard said it
would cooperate with the investi-
gation. “The board is optimistic
that this matter will be resolved
and that the accusations will be
shown not to be founded,” it said in
a statement.
German financial regulators
this week admitted making mis-
takes in their oversight of the com-
pany.
The situation is a “total disas-
ter,” Felix Hufeld, the president of
BaFin, said Monday, adding that
his agency and others should have
had tougher oversight.
“It is a scandal that something
like this could happen,” Mr. Hufeld
said.
moval of the tools companies nor-
mally use to tie pay to perform-
ance, which many critics contend
were already too weak. Compa-
nies still operate when seeking
protection under Chapter 11 of the
bankruptcy code. And in theory,
boards could require chief execu-
tives to hit sales targets or achieve
other goals.
And in some cases, a few strings
remain. Ms. Soltau has to repay a
fifth of her cash bonus if she fails
to achieve certain performance
goals, and Mr. Lawler has to repay
half of his. But J.C. Penney and
Chesapeake did not disclose the
goals in their securities filings and
declined to answer questions
about them.
Hertz and Whiting, the oil and
gas company, did not tie cash bo-
nuses to performance goals at all.
Whiting and Mr. Holly didn’t re-
spond to requests from comment,
but the company said in a securi-
ties filing that the new bonuses
“eliminate any potential misalign-
ment of interests that would likely
arise if existing performance met-
rics were retained and/or new
performance metrics were estab-
lished at a volatile and uncertain
time.”
Could lawmakers do anything
about these bonuses?
This is not the first time that exec-
utive pay at troubled companies
has prompted an outcry. Congress
passed a law in 2005 aimed at
curbing retention bonuses paid
during bankruptcy. Under the law,
companies are allowed to pay in-
centive-based bonuses, but the le-
gal cost of constructing such pay-
ments and getting them approved
in bankruptcy court soared after
2005, according to research by
Jared Ellias, a professor at the
University of California’s Hast-
ings College of the Law.
Of course, Congress could
change bankruptcy law so that
compensation payments made
before the filing could be clawed
back, he said. In addition, law-
makers could make it easier for
creditors to pursue claims against
executives after the bankruptcy.
“This doesn’t feel right,” he said
of the recent large bonuses, “and it
doesn’t instill public confidence in
the bankruptcy system.”
Why Tiny New Jersey Bank
Is Goliath of Pandemic Aid
FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE
of the quickest and most ag-
gressive, working with dozens of
so-called fintechs to scoop up bor-
rowers who couldn’t get the atten-
tion of the big banks.
“This is in our DNA,” said Gilles
Gade, Cross River’s founder and
chief executive. “It’s exactly what
we were built for.”
In normal times, Cross River is
a largely invisible partner for doz-
ens of companies like Affirm,
which offers on-the-spot financing
for online purchases, and Up-
grade and Upstart, which make
personal loans. It’s accustomed to
high-volume, low-dollar lending.
But the Paycheck Protection
Program was an opportunity on a
whole new scale, with small busi-
nesses across the country apply-
ing for hundreds of millions of dol-
lars in emergency aid.
More than 30 firms funneled
some or all of their borrowers
through Cross River, including
large companies like Intuit, the
maker of the popular QuickBooks
accounting software, and Kab-
bage, an online small-business
lender. Other borrowers arrived
through niche businesses like
Divvy, an expense management
tool, and Womply, a small-busi-
ness marketing system, that
wanted to serve their customers.
Cross River’s role is, by design,
behind the scenes. Jessica Smith
applied for a loan nearly as soon
as the relief program began, in
early April, but was “ghosted,” she
said, by her original lender. So she
turned to Pearl Capital, which she
had used before for a merchant
cash advance for her Bella Vita
Salon and Spa in Saugatuck, Mich.
“I got word that I was approved
the next day,” Ms. Smith said.
When the loan’s closing docu-
ments arrived, Cross River’s
name was on them. Her cash ar-
rived a week later. She reopened
last week and plans to use her loan
to pay her workers as business re-
turns.
The average loan through the
paycheck program is about
$111,000, but Cross River’s are
much smaller: $44,062 on aver-
age, by far the lowest of the pro-
gram’s 15 largest lenders, accord-
ing to data from the Small Busi-
ness Administration, which over-
sees the program.
Those tiny loans add up. Cross
River has lent a total of $4.7 billion
— nearly twice the assets the
bank had on its books less than
three months ago, according to a
regulatory filing. On its average
loan, the bank collects a fee from
the government of around $2,200,
a portion of which is shared with
the company that brought in the
customer.
Mr. Gade started Cross River,
which has its headquarters in Fort
Lee, N.J., in 2008 after more than a
decade of working on Wall Street.
That included a stint as the chief
financial officer of First Meridian
Mortgage, which operated for a
few years as Trump Mortgage af-
ter licensing the name of the fu-
ture president. (Mr. Gade left soon
after the name change, and said
he had no ties to President Trump
or his administration.)
The plan was to buy distressed
assets on the cheap after the
Great Recession, but a new oppor-
tunity came along in 2010. A fin-
tech, GreenSky, had a deal with
Home Depot to offer customers fi-
nancing for repair and renovation
projects, but needed a partner
with a banking charter to make
the loans. It was the bank’s first
foray into a lucrative new market:
It now writes loans for everything
from Peloton exercise bikes to fu-
nerals, then typically sells the
loans back to the fintechs that
originated them.
This business model is known in
the financial industry as “rent-a-
charter” — the banks handle the
industry’s strict regulatory de-
mands, while the fintechs furnish
the shiny interfaces. But the ar-
rangement has downsides. Critics
warn that it can enable predatory
lending as fintechs dodge and
weave around state usury caps
and other consumer protection
laws.
Cross River has had a few
scrapes: It paid a $642,000 pen-
alty in 2018 for what the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation
called deceptive and unfair tactics
on loans it made for Freedom Fi-
nancial Asset Management,
which sold high-fee debt consoli-
dation loans. (A bank spokesman
said Cross River had beefed up its
compliance oversight in re-
sponse.)
“Cross River has a pretty good
appetite for risk,” said Ron
Shevlin, the director of research
for Cornerstone Advisors, a bank
consultancy. The benefits of its
fintech alliances have, so far, out-
weighed the financial and regula-
tory costs of the handful of deals
that turned bad, he said.
Mr. Gade sees the fintechs that
use Cross River as fulfilling
customer needs that traditional
lenders have ignored. And to him,
the Paycheck Protection Program
was the ultimate unmet need.
In the program’s early days,
many borrowers struggled to get
N B5
in. Many banks restricted their
loans to existing customers, pe-
nalizing those without prior rela-
tionships — a particular problem
for minority business owners.
Some fintechs wanted to make
loans themselves, but the govern-
ment was slow to grant them per-
mission.
Through its partners and its
own website, where it accepted
any qualified applicant, Cross
River started cranking out thou-
sands of loans. Gusto, which pro-
cesses payrolls for around 100,000
small businesses, was one of those
partners.
It took less than 24 hours to con-
nect Gusto’s systems to Cross
River’s and sign a contract, said
Megan Niedermeyer, Gusto’s
head of legal and compliance. “Be-
ing able to do that in the middle of
a crisis was impressive,” she said.
Processing a high volume of
loans was only part of the chal-
lenge. Cross River also needed
cash.
Loans made through the Pay-
check Protection Program are
nearly risk free for banks —
they’re guaranteed against de-
fault and intended to be forgiven if
borrowers comply with the pro-
gram’s rules — but lenders have to
advance the cash and wait months
for the government to repay them.
The Federal Reserve promised to
set up a way for banks to have ac-
cess to cash to lend, but details
weren’t final by the time the pro-
gram began. So if Cross River
wanted to lend billions of dollars,
it needed to find money to do it.
The bank bought online ads in
early April promoting high-yield
12- and 24-month certificates of
A lender that is said
to have ‘a pretty good
appetite for risk.’
$5.4B
Total of cash Cross River Bank has
received from the Fed for lending.
deposit, with rates as high as 2.25
percent — about twice the indus-
try average at the time. That
brought in $250 million. Cross
River also paid high rates to at-
tract about $1 billion in long-term
deposits from fintechs like Better-
ment and Wealthfront, giving it
access to immediate cash.
“We raised a ton of deposits and
built a war chest,” Mr. Gade said.
“It was very costly.”
The Fed opened its lending pro-
gram in mid-April, giving Cross
River a much cheaper way to ob-
tain cash for loans. The bank soon
became its biggest borrower.
And Cross River found another
way to benefit: It bought more
than $1 billion in loans made by
other lenders and passed those,
too, along to the Fed, collecting a
fee in the process. Using its own
loans and those it has bought as
collateral, Cross River has already
received $5.4 billion from the Fed,
the central bank’s data shows.
But the bank’s job isn’t finished
— with just 350 employees, it still
has to service all of the 106,000
loans it has made. Borrowers who
want their debt forgiven must
prove they used the money appro-
priately, a potentially complicated
process.
Here, too, Cross River found a
fintech partner. The bank hired
Scratch, a loan-servicing start-up
best known for its efforts to re-
form student loan payments, to
guide Cross River’s P.P.P. borrow-
ers.
Scratch is even smaller than
Cross River — fewer than 50 em-
ployees — but Mr. Gade is cau-
tiously optimistic that things will
go smoothly, even if he has
learned to count on nothing with
the relief program. At every step,
it has been chaotic, plagued by
technical problems, shifting rules
and confusion.
But the challenge has been
worth it, Mr. Gade said.
“Every loan we send out, we’re
saving businesses,” he said.
“We’re saving paychecks — we’re
saving lives. That’s really the way
we look at it.”
Secluded Adirondack Retreat
1715 Big Brook Road, Indian Lake, NY
Own Your Own 280-Acre
Private Hideaway in the
Heart of the Adirondacks
Private Lakefront Property
Ready to Move in Now
n 2 houses, 6 cottages, and barn on 18 (of
280) waterfront acres on Kings Flow Lake
n Total of 30 bedrooms, 14 bathrooms
and 12,500 sq. ft across 8 units
n 2 on-site wells, back-up generators,
concrete dam adaptable to generate
electric power
n 9 miles south of Indian Lake town center
n 4 hours north of Manhattan
KEEN-SUMMIT CAPITAL PARTNERS LLC
(646) 381-9222 • Keen-Summit.com
B6 N THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020

TECHNOLOGY

Twitter Boss’s Pay Firm Facebook Loses German Court Ruling

Draws Merchants’ Ire By ADAM SATARIANO
LONDON — In a decision that could
about people in order to offer
more targeted advertising. The
that Facebook is abusing this
dominant position,” the court said.
treatment of third-party app de-
velopers. Amazon is also under
FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE demic-induced recession than further embolden European gov- authorities argued that Facebook “As the market-dominating net- antitrust scrutiny in Brussels. In
out those funds, he said, he had to other technology-focused pay- ernments to take on large tech unfairly used its dominance to col- work operator, Facebook bears a Washington, Amazon, Apple,
put a hold on hiring and sell a boat ment companies. More than rivals platforms, Germany’s top court lect data about millions of users of special responsibility for main- Facebook and Google are facing
and other personal property to like PayPal or Stripe, Square fo- ruled on Tuesday that Facebook third-party sites that used tools taining still-existing competition investigations by the Justice De-
keep his company operating. cuses on merchants with physical had abused its dominance in so- like Facebook’s “like” and “share” in the social networking market.” partment, the Federal Trade Com-
Over the last month, around stores, many of which had to close cial media to illegally harvest data buttons, and an analytics service The decision may not be the last mission and Congress.
1,300 business owners have during shelter-in-place orders. about its users. called Facebook Pixel. word. A lower court still must is- Germany’s top antitrust enforc-
signed an online petition asking Last month, when Square dis- The ruling by the Federal Court Regulators concluded that con- sue a ruling on the matter, a er, Andreas Mundt, has long
Square to end the withholding. On closed its financial results, it said of Justice, upholding a decision by sumers faced a false choice: process some antitrust lawyers pushed for regulators to be more
Facebook, Twitter and consumer it had swung to a $106 million loss Germany’s antitrust watchdog, is Agree to hand over vast amounts view as a formality given the high aggressive in taking on Facebook
complaint sites, an array of small a major victory for proponents of of personal data or not use Face- court’s strongly worded ruling. In and other tech giants. He has ar-
for the quarter and reported that it
tougher regulation of the world’s theory, the lower court could rule gued that Facebook uses the data
businesses have groused about was increasing the cash it had on
largest technology companies. in Facebook’s favor, setting up an- it collects from users to strength-
the tough situation Square has put hand by 290 percent to hedge
them in. against future losses. The case had been closely A social media giant other appeal to the high court. en its position over rivals, harm-
watched after German regulators Another wild card: German of- ing competition. On Tuesday, he
On Tuesday, Square published a
blog post to explain its new
But many businesses whose
money has been withheld said it used a novel interpretation of is found to be illegally ficials could send the matter to the cheered the court decision, saying
European Court of Justice, the Eu- data is one of the most valuable as-
“rolling reserve” policy, the one was unfair for them to contribute competition law to rule against
the social media giant last year.
harvesting user data. ropean Union high court that re- sets in the digital economy and
that some merchants have experi- to Square’s financial cushion
The authorities said Facebook solves many thorny legal ques- must be a central part of antitrust
enced. In the post, which Square when they had shown no signs of
broke competition laws by com- book’s ubiquitous social media tions from member states, said enforcement. He said the court’s
shared with The Times ahead of being an increased risk. Rupprecht Podszun, a professor decision “provides important in-
Sean Weber, the owner of Legal bining data it collected about us- services at all.
publication, the company said it of competition law at the Univer- formation on how we should deal
Knock, a company near Los Ange- ers across its different platforms, Facebook successfully ap-
had begun holding back money sity of Düsseldorf. with the issue of data and competi-
les that builds websites for law including WhatsApp and Insta- pealed last year’s decision when a
late last year and expanded the Facebook said it would continue tion in the future.”
firms, provided documents show- gram, as well as from outside web- court ruled that regulators had
practice after the virus-related to fight and wouldn’t make any im- “Data are an essential factor for
ing that he had used Square for sites and third-party apps. overstepped their legal authority.
lockdowns as a way to protect con- That decision was appealed to mediate changes, arguing that it economic strength, and a decisive
two years and never had a In Germany, Facebook now
sumers from losses. It said it had Germany’s highest court. has months before it must comply. criterion in assessing online mar-
customer ask for money back. Yet must alter how it processes data
put reserves in place on only 0.3 On Tuesday, the federal court “We will continue to defend our ket power,” Mr. Mundt said in a
Square began withholding money about its users. It was ordered to
percent of its millions of mer- allow people to block the company said regulators were right in con- position that there is no antitrust statement. “Whenever data are
chants. from him in May, totaling around abuse,” Facebook said in a state- collected and used in an unlawful
$4,000, he said. from combining their Facebook cluding that Facebook was abus-
“We apply reserves on more data with information about their ing its dominant position in the ment. way, it must be possible to inter-
‘risky’ sellers, such as those that Mr. Weber said the only warn- Facebook is the latest tech com- vene under antitrust law to avoid
ing he had gotten was an email activities on other apps and web- market.
take prepayment for goods or sites. “There are neither serious pany to suffer a regulatory set- an abuse of market power.”
right before the first deductions, back. This month, the European
with little explanation. When he The decision is a direct shot at doubts about Facebook’s domi-
Facebook’s business model, which nant position on the German so- Commission announced a formal Christopher F. Schuetze contributed
called Square to ask what he had investigation of Apple over its
relies on collecting reams of data cial network market nor the fact reporting from Berlin
done wrong, he initially had trou-
ble getting through. The company
later told him that it was a general
policy imposed as a result of the
risks caused by the pandemic.
“I told him: ‘That’s not my prob-
lem. Why do I have to bear the
Boycott Mounts as Facebook Woos Ad Buyers
burden of that?’” Mr. Weber said By TIFFANY HSU cent discussions, who requested
he had responded. He was told anonymity because the talks are
there was no appeals process or Facebook put on an upbeat pre-
sentation to advertisers on Tues- confidential.
method for getting the money re- “It feels like we’ve come to an
leased, he added. day, the same day the clothing
chain Eddie Bauer, the film dis- inflection point,” said Stephan Lo-
Mr. Weber said he had since had erke, the chief executive of the
to miss the $3,000 monthly mort- tributor Magnolia Pictures and
the Ben & Jerry’s ice cream brand World Federation of Advertisers,
gage payment on his home while a trade group. “There’s a growing
SETH WENIG/ASSOCIATED PRESS
looking for a new payment proces- announced that they would stop
A Square credit card reader. The advertising on the platform awareness that this isn’t a brand
sor. When he complained about safety issue anymore — it’s a soci-
company says risky transactions are
Square’s policy on Twitter, the through July.
a reason to withhold payments. Those companies joined Pata- etal safety issue.”
company blocked him, something Facebook executives have tried
it has also done to other gonia, the North Face, REI and
others in a growing boycott that to limit the damage. In an email
services delivered at a future customers who have publicly sent to some of its largest adver-
brought up the issue. has targeted Facebook’s content
date, sell goods or services more tising clients last week, obtained
moderation practices.
prone to disputes, or operate in an Nikol de Riso, the owner of EGA by The New York Times, the com-
In a short video, part of a week-
industry that historically receives Solutions in Palmetto, Fla., said pany said it had taken steps to mit-
long showcase for digital compa-
higher chargeback rates than oth- she could not get a response from igate the effects of potentially
nies hoping to attract advertising
ers,” Square said in the post. Square for two weeks about the harmful speech on the site.
dollars, Facebook displayed posts
The company, which is known money it had held from her busi- “There are competing pres-
that companies like Delta Air
for mobile payments and the ness, which provides various legal sures every day when managing a
Lines and Calvin Klein ran during
square credit card reader that can and practical services for small platform,” the memo said. “Our fo-
the coronavirus pandemic. The
turn smartphones and tablets into businesses. When she finally got cus is to act on what is most im-
prerecorded presentation did not
payment devices, has long made someone on the phone, she said, portant: removing hate speech
specifically address the boycott. JASON HENRY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
most of its money by deducting 2 she was told that the withholding and content that harms communi-
While several large companies Facebook is losing some prominent advertisers over its policies.
to 4 percent in fees every time a was a general policy and not a re- ties while using our platform for
have pulled away from Facebook,
merchant uses Square to process sult of any risks in her business. efforts like providing authorita-
smaller businesses that make up
a credit card or debit card transac- Square said it planned to an- the bulk of its eight million adver- would gradually allow users to opt The freelancing platform Up- tive voting information and regis-
tion. nounce on Tuesday that it was tisers have been considering their out of seeing political ads. On Sun- work and the password manager tering people to vote.”
Keeping back parts of a transac- providing merchants with more options. day, it acknowledged in a blog post Dashlane are also participating in Carolyn Everson, Facebook’s
tion is legal. All payment compa- notice and more information Jason Dille, who oversees me- that its enforcement of content the boycott, which advocacy vice president for global market-
nies have policies that allow them about why they were facing re- dia planning for 20 clients at the rules “isn’t perfect.” groups such as the National Asso- ing solutions, said in a statement
to hold back some portion of serves. ad agency Chemistry, said many Facebook sidestepped sensitive ciation for the Advancement of that the company was in discus-
money from businesses if there Without the money that was be- of them had considered putting a issues during its presentation at Colored People and the Anti-Defa- sions with advertisers and civil
are indications of trouble. ing withheld, Ms. Riso said, she halt to buying ads on Facebook the so-called NewFronts, an annu- mation League have promoted rights groups “about how, togeth-
But Square did not withhold had to furlough seven of her 53 but that the pandemic had compli- al event for digital media compa- with the hashtag #StopHateFor- er, we can be a force for good.”
money before. And it appears to employees while she switched cated their plans. nies to promote themselves as ad- Profit. “We deeply respect any brand’s
be the only payment company over to a different processor, “Some of my clients are just vertising venues. Before the Face- The effort, which began taking decision, and remain focused on
that is systematically applying Redde Payments. Redde imposes starting to come back,” Mr. Dille book section on Tuesday, Snap shape this month, gained traction the important work of removing
the practice beyond the industries no reserves and is charging her said. “If they don’t create sales pledged to shield advertisers from Friday and through the weekend hate speech and providing critical
that the lockdowns hit particu- less for each transaction — and get business to turn around, harmful content, and Condé Nast as several outdoor-gear retailers, voting information,” she said in
larly hard, such as travel compa- around 2 percent instead of the 3.5 they’re going to go under.” said it had been forced to “hold a the statement.
nies, according to industry con- percent she paid Square — and He added: “Facebook is a dou- mirror up to ourselves” after an Most companies that have
sultants and competitors. she said she had an account repre-
sentative who picked up the
ble-edged sword. You don’t want internal uproar over how the com- Ben & Jerry’s, Eddie turned away from Facebook are
“Most companies are doing the to support it, but you have to use it pany has dealt with race. Immedi- not shutting down their Facebook
opposite and trying to help small phone when she had problems. in order to reach a large audi- ately after Facebook’s presenta- Bauer and Magnolia accounts. They expect to return to
businesses,” said Richard Meld- Square told Ms. Riso that even tion, the Ad Council, a nonprofit buying ads on the platform after
ner, the publisher of eSellerCafe, after she switched, it would hold
ence.”
The backlash intensified late group, presented a video about join the protest list. July.
an industry publication that wrote on to her money — about $6,000 — last month, as a flurry of misinfor- the Black Lives Matter move- “It almost feels a little hypocriti-
about Square’s withholding in for the next 120 days. mation appeared on Facebook ment. including REI and Patagonia, cal to me,” said Barry Lowenthal,
May. “In all of this, Square is doing “My company is not going amid worldwide protests against In explaining why it would stop joined in. the chief executive of the Media
what the other companies did through a hard time, so why pun- racism and police brutality. The advertising on Facebook, Magno- The North Face has stopped Kitchen agency. “How do you jus-
not.” ish my people?” she said she had company declined to take action lia Pictures said on Tuesday that it posting content and buying ads on tify going back?”
Square, based in San Francisco, asked Square. “You are stealing against posts from President was “seeking meaningful change Facebook through July, but will He suggested that companies
has been hit harder by the pan- other people’s money.” Trump — the same ones that Twit- at Facebook and the end to their continue putting free posts on In- make a gradual separation from
ter flagged as misleading or glori- amplification of hate speech.” Facebook as they experiment
stagram, which Facebook owns,
fying violence. Ben & Jerry’s pushed Facebook with alternatives like Amazon,
UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP, 767 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10153 the company’s global vice presi-
DISTRICT OF DELAWARE (or virtually pursuant to procedures to be filed by the Debtors on the In recent days, Facebook re- on Tuesday “to take stronger ac- Snap or TikTok.
In re ) Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Court’s docket prior to the Auction). The Debtors reserve the dent of marketing, Steve Lesnard,
moved ads from Mr. Trump’s re- tion to stop its platforms from be- “They’re not doing a good job,
EXIDE HOLDINGS, INC., et al., ) Case No. 20–11157 (CSS) right to adjourn or continue the Auction of any Asset to a later date. said in an interview. The North
Debtors.1 ) (Jointly Administered) • Sale Objection Deadlines. Objections to a proposed Sale election campaign that featured a ing used to divide our nation, sup- and advertisers want better pro-
Hearing Date: July 30, 2020 at 10:00 a.m. (ET) Transaction, including any objection to the sale of any Assets free and Face spends more on Facebook tections,” Mr. Lowenthal said of
clear of liens, claims, interests, and encumbrances pursuant to section red triangular symbol used by the press voters, foment and fan the
Objection Deadline: July 23, 2020 at 4:00 p.m. (ET)
363(f) of the Bankruptcy Code and/or entry of the Sale Order, must be (i) than it does on any other platform Facebook.
NOTICE OF SALE, BIDDING PROCEDURES, AUCTION, Nazis during World War II. The flames of racism and violence, and
AND SALE HEARING filed in accordance with the Bidding Procedures Order, (ii) filed with the besides Google, Mr. Lesnard said. Facebook generates nearly all
PLEASE TAKE NOTICE OF THE FOLLOWING:
Bankruptcy Court,and (iii) served on the Objection Notice Parties (as iden- company also announced that it undermine our democracy.”
Exide Holdings, Inc. and its affiliated debtors, as debtors and debt-
tified and defined in the Bidding Procedures) by no later than July 23, “The stakes are too high,” he its revenue from advertisements.
2020 at 12:00 p.m.(prevailing Eastern Time),providing notice of the
ors in possession in the above-captioned chapter 11 cases (collectively, proposed sale or assumption or assignment to which the Sale Objection said. “The platform needs to The research firm eMarketer ex-
the “Debtors”), filed with the United States Bankruptcy Court for the IN THE UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT FOR THE 11 PLAN.
District of Delaware (the “Bankruptcy Court”) a motion (ECF No. 63)
relates with respect to any other Sale Transaction or assumption and
assignment;provided,that: SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS, HOUSTON DIVISION Filing a Proof of Claim. Each Proof of Claim must be filed, includ- evolve.” pects that the platform’s ad reve-
(the “Motion”) for the entry of (i) an order (the “Bidding Procedures
Order”)2 (a) approving bidding procedures in connection with the sale
◦ with respect to Cure Objections related to the proposed Cure Cost
In re:
) Chapter 11 ing supporting documentation, by either (i) electronic submission The efforts against Facebook nue will increase nearly 5 percent
of a Proposed Assumed Contract, such objection shall be served on the ) Case No. 20-32564 (DRJ) through PACER (Public Access to Court Electronic Records at http://ecf.
or disposition of substantially all of the Debtors’assets (the“Assets”); (b) Objection Notice Parties no later than July 6, 2020 at 4:00 p.m. (ET); STAGE STORES, INC., et al.,1 ) (Jointly Administered) txsb.uscourts.gov), (ii) electronic submission using the interface avail- have gotten support from ad agen- this year.
approving Stalking Horse Bid Protections for the Europe/ROW Stalking Debtors. able on the Claims and Noticing Agent’s website at https://www.kccllc.
Horse Credit Bidder (as hereinafter defined); (c) authorizing the desig-
and
◦ with respect to objections based on proposed form of adequate
) Re: Docket No. 278
net/stagestores or (iii) if submitted through non-electronic means, by cies. In an email to more than 50 Around the same time of Face-
NOTICE OF DEADLINES FOR THE FILING OF PROOFS OF
nation of additional stalking horse bidders and approving Additional
Stalking Horse Bid Protections;(d) scheduling an auction (the“Auction”)
assurance of future performance with respect to a Proposed Assumed CLAIM, INCLUDING REQUESTS FOR PAYMENTS UNDER U.S. Mail or other hand delivery system, so as to be actually received clients last week, the digital ad book’s presentation on Tuesday,
Contact,such objection shall be served on the Objection Notice Parties no by the Claims and Noticing Agent on or before the Claims Bar Date or the
of the Assets and a hearing (the “Sale Hearing”) to consider approval later than July 24,2020 at 4:00 p.m.(ET).
SECTION 503(b)(9) OF THE BANKRUPTCY CODE
Governmental Bar Date,or any other applicable Bar Date,at the following agency 360i said it supported the representatives of some of the big-
of proposed sale transactions; (e) approving the form and manner of THE CLAIMS BAR DATE IS JULY 24, 2020,
notice of the sale of the Assets, the Auction, and the Sale Hearing; (f)
• Sale Hearing.The Sale Hearing shall be held before the Bankruptcy
Court for the District of Delaware, 824 North Market Street, Wilmington,
AT 5:00 P.M. PREVAILING CENTRAL TIME
addresses: If by First-Class Mail, Hand Delivery, or Overnight Mail:
Stage Stores Claims Processing Center, c/o Kurtzman Carson Consultants
boycott, The Wall Street Journal gest companies that regularly ad-
approving the form and manner of notice to each non-Debtor counter-
party (each, a “Counterparty”) to executory contracts and unexpired
DE 19801,before the Honorable Christopher S.Sontchi,Chief United States THE GOVERNMENTAL CLAIMS BAR DATE IS
NOVEMBER 6, 2020 AT 5:00 P.M.
LLC,222 N.Pacific Coast Highway,Suite 300,El Segundo,CA 90245. reported. Some companies have vertise on the platform gathered
Bankruptcy Judge,on July 30,2020 at 10:00 a.m.(Eastern Time). PROOFS OF CLAIM SUBMITTED BY FACSIMILE OR
leases (collectively, the “Contracts and Leases”) regarding the Debtors’ Additional Information. Any party interested in submitting a bid PREVAILING CENTRAL TIME ELECTRONIC MAIL WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED. quietly joined the effort, and sev- online for a previously scheduled
potential assumption and assignment of their Contracts and Leases and
of the Debtors’ calculation of the amount necessary to cure all monetary
for the Assets should contact the Debtors’ advisors at Houlihan Lokey PLEASE TAKE NOTICE OF THE FOLLOWING:
Deadlines for Filing Proofs of Claim. On June 18, 2020, the United
Contents of Proofs of Claim. Each Proof of Claim must: (1) be writ-
ten in legible English; (2) include a claim amount denominated in United
eral ad agencies have developed meeting to discuss its handling of
Capital,Inc.by email at ProjectEdisonMAHL@HL.com.
defaults thereunder (collectively, the “Cure Costs”); (g) approving pro- Copies of the Motion, the Bidding Procedures Order, the Bidding States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Texas (the “Court”) States dollars; (3) clearly identify the Debtor against which the claim is guidelines for major companies misinformation and hate speech.
cedures for the assumption and assignment of Contracts and Leases Procedures, and the Europe/ROW Stalking Horse Agreement may be entered an order [Docket No. 478] (the “Bar Date Order”) establishing asserted (4) conform substantially with the Proof of Claim form provided
(the “Assumption and Assignment Procedures”); and (h) granting obtained free of charge at the Prime ClerkWebsite. certain deadlines for the filing of proofs of claim, including requests for by the Debtors or Official Form 410; (5) be signed by the claimant or by interested in participating, said
related relief;and (ii) an order (the“Sale Order”) (a) authorizing the sale
of the Assets free and clear of all liens,claims,interests,and encumbrances;
Reservation of Rights. The Debtors reserve the right, in their rea- payment under section 503(b)(9) of the Bankruptcy Code (collectively,
“Proofs of Claim”), in the chapter 11 cases of the following debtors and
an authorized agent or legal representative of the claimant on behalf of
the claimant, whether such signature is an electronic signature or is ink;
three people with knowledge of re- Mike Isaac contributed reporting.
sonable business judgment, in a manner consistent with their fiduciary
(b) authorizing the assumption and assignment of proposed assumed duties and applicable law, and in consultation with the Consultation debtors in possession (collectively, the “Debtors”): DEBTOR, CASE NO.: and (6) include as attachments any and all supporting documentation
Contracts and Leases (collectively,the“Proposed Assumed Contracts”); Parties, to modify the Bidding Procedures; waive terms and conditions Stage Stores,Inc.,20-32564; Specialty Retailers,Inc.,20-32565. on which the claim is based. Please note that each Proof of Claim must
and (c) granting related relief. set forth therein; extend the deadlines set forth therein; announce at the The Bar Dates. Pursuant to the Bar Date Order, all entities (except state a claim against only one Debtor and clearly indicate the specific
On June 19,2020,the Bankruptcy Court entered the Bidding Procedures governmental units), including individuals, partnerships, estates, and Debtor against which the claim is asserted. To the extent more than one
Order [Docket No.344],approving the relief requested in the Motion.
Auction modified or additional procedures for conducting the Auction;
and provide reasonable accommodations to a Stalking Horse Bidder with trusts that have a claim or potential claim against the Debtors that arose Debtor is listed on the Proof of Claim,a Proof of Claim is treated as if filed L AKE PL ACID, NEW YORK, ADIRONDAC KS
Bidding Procedures and Sale of Substantially All Assets. respect to such terms, conditions, and deadlines of the bidding and auc- prior to May 10, 2020, no matter how remote or contingent such right to only against Stage Stores, Inc., or if a Proof of Claim is otherwise filed
Pursuant to the Bidding Procedures, the Debtors are seeking to sell all tion process to promote further bids by such bidder, in each case, to the payment or equitable remedy may be, including requests for payment without identifying a specific Debtor, the Proof of Claim may be deemed
of their assets, in whole or in part, including the following assets or extent not materially inconsistent with the Bidding Procedures and the under section 503(b)(9) of the Bankruptcy Code, MUST FILE A PROOF OF as filed only against Stage Stores,Inc.
businesses: (a)(i) the Industrial Energy Americas business segment, Bidding Procedures Order. Except as provided in a Stalking Horse CLAIM on or before July 24, 2020, at 5:00 p.m., prevailing Central Electronic Signatures Permitted. Proofs of Claim signed electroni-
(ii) the Transportation Americas business segment, (iii) the Recycling Agreement,nothing shall obligate the Debtors to consummate or Time (the “Claims Bar Date”). Governmental entities that have a claim cally by the claimant or an authorized agent or legal representative of
Americas business segment, (iv) any operating facilities located in pursue any transaction with respect to any Asset with any bidder. or potential claim against the Debtors that arose prior to May 10, 2020, the claimant may be deemed acceptable for purposes of claims admin-
the foregoing business segments, or (v) any combination thereof THE FAILURE OF ANY PERSON OR ENTITY TO FILE AND SERVE no matter how remote or contingent such right to payment or equitable istration. Copies of Proofs of Claim, or Proofs of Claim sent by facsimile
(collectively, the“Americas Assets”) and (b)(i) the Transportation EMEA AN OBJECTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE BIDDING PROCEDURES remedy may be, MUST FILE A PROOF OF CLAIM on or before November or electronic mail will not be accepted. Unless otherwise ordered by
business segment, (ii) the Industrial EMEA business segment, (iii) the ORDER BY THE SALE OBJECTION DEADLINE SHALL FOREVER BAR 6, 2020, at 5:00 p.m., prevailing Central Time (the “Governmental the Court, any original document containing the original signature
Recycling EMEA segment and (iv) any combination thereof (collectively, SUCH PERSON OR ENTITY FROM ASSERTING ANY OBJECTION TO THE Bar Date”). All entities holding claims arising from the Debtors’ rejec- of any party other than the party that files the Proof of Claim shall be
the “Europe/ROW Assets”, and together with the Americas Assets, and MOTION,THE SALE ORDER,THE PROPOSED SALE TRANSACTIONS, OR tion of executory contracts and unexpired leases are required to file retained by the filing party for a period of not less than five (5) years
any other assets of the Company,the“Assets”). THE DEBTORS’ CONSUMMATION OF A STALKING HORSE AGREEMENT Proofs of Claim by the date that is (a) the later of the Claims Bar after the Debtors’ case is closed, and upon request, such original docu-
A party may submit a bid for any individual Asset (or combination of OR ANY OTHER PURCHASE AGREEMENT EXECUTED BY THE DEBTORS Date or the Governmental Bar Date, as applicable, and (b) the date ment must be provided to the Court or other parties for review, pursuant
Assets), in each case, in accordance with the terms and provisions of the AND A SUCCESSFUL BIDDER AS A RESULT OF THE AUCTION. that is thirty (30) days following entry of the order approving the to the Administrative Procedures for the Filing, Signing, and Verifying of
Bidding Procedures. Debtors’ rejection of the applicable executory contract or unex- Documents by Electronic Means in Texas Bankruptcy Courts.
Stalking Horse Bid. On June 18, 2002, the Debtors and the Europe/ Dated: June 19,2020,Wilmington,Delaware
pired lease (the “Rejection Damages Bar Date”). All entities holding Section 503(b)(9) Requests for Payment. Any Proof of Claim
ROW Stalking Horse Bidder entered into the Europe/ROW Stalking Horse /s/ Zachary I. Shapiro , RICHARDS, LAYTON & FINGER, P.A., Daniel J. claims affected by an amendment to the Debtors’Schedules are required Multi-use commercial building on Main Street with off-street parking
DeFranceschi (No.2732),Zachary I.Shapiro (No.5103),One Rodney Square, that asserts a right to payment arising under section 503(b)(9) of the
Agreement, which provides for, among other things, the sale of the to file Proofs of Claim by the later of (a) the Claims Bar Date or the Bankruptcy Code must also: (1) include the value of the goods deliv-
Debtors’Assets contained in the Europe/ROW Stalking Horse Package. The 920 N. King Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801, Telephone: (302) 651- Governmental Bar Date, as applicable, and (b) 5:00 p.m., prevailing
and high-visibility, on a high-traffic corner lot at 4-way stop light.
7700,Facsimile: (302) 651-7701 -and- WEIL,GOTSHAL & MANGES LLP,Ray ered to and received by the Debtors in the twenty (20) days prior to the
Europe/ROW Stalking Agreement is subject to higher or otherwise bet-
C. Schrock, P.C. (admitted pro hac vice), Jacqueline Marcus (admitted pro
Central Time, on the date that is thirty (30) days from the date on Petition Date; (2) attach any documentation identifying the particular Currently operating as a 7,000 square foot Italian restaurant with
ter offers submitted in accordance with the terms and provisions of the which the Debtors mail notice of the amendment to the Schedules invoices for which such 503(b)(9) claim is being asserted; and (3) attach
Bidding Procedures. A copy of the Europe/ROW Stalking Horse Agreement hac vice),Sunny Singh (admitted pro hac vice),767 Fifth Avenue,New York, (the “Amended Schedules Bar Date”). For the avoidance of doubt,
seating for 200+ and 4 income producing apartments. $1,200,000
New York 10153,Telephone: (212) 310-8000, Facsimile: (212) 310-8007, documentation of any reclamation demand made to the Debtors under
is available on the website dedicated to the Debtors’ chapter 11 cases claims arising from the rejection of unexpired leases of the Debtors for section 546(c) of the Bankruptcy Code (if applicable).
maintained by their claims and noticing agent and administrative advi- Proposed Attorneys for Debtors and Debtors in Possession purposes of this Notice shall include any claims under such unexpired Additional Information. If you have any questions regarding the Diana Friedlander
sor, Prime Clerk LLC, located at https://cases.primeclerk.com/Exide2020/ 1
The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases, along with the last four digits leases as of the Petition Date,and such parties shall not be required to file claims process and/or you wish to obtain a copy of the Bar Date Notice,
(the“Prime Clerk Website”) and on the Court’s docket at Docket No.324. of each Debtor’s federal tax identification number are Exide Holdings, Inc. Engel & Völkers Lake Placid
Proofs of Claim with respect to prepetition amounts unless and until such a proof of claim form or related documents you may do so by: (i) calling
IMPORTANT DATES AND DEADLINES (5504), Exide Technologies, LLC (2730), Exide Delaware LLC (9341), Dixie unexpired lease has been rejected. the Debtors’ restructuring hotline at 888-647-1732 (US and Canada) or +1 518-524-6503
• Bid Deadline. Potential Bidders that desire to make a Bid for any of Metals Company (0199), and Refined Metals Corporation (9311). The ANY PERSON OR ENTITY WHO FAILS TO FILE A PROOF OF CLAIM, 310-751-2622 (International); and/or (ii) visiting the Debtors’restructur- diana.friedlander@evrealestate.com
the Debtors’Assets shall deliver written and electronic copies of its Bid,so Debtors’mailing address is 13000 Deerfield Parkway,Building 200,Milton, INCLUDING ANY REQUEST FOR PAYMENT UNDER SECTION 503(B)(9) ing website at:https://www.kccllc.net/stagestores/.
as to be received by no later than July 10,2020 at 4:00 p.m. (prevail- Georgia 30004. OF THE BANKRUPTCY CODE ON OR BEFORE THE CLAIMS BAR DATE 1
The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases, along with the last four digits ©2020 Engel & Völkers. All rights reserved. Each brokerage independently owned and
ing Eastern Time). 2
Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the OR THE GOVERNMENTAL BAR DATE, AS APPLICABLE, SHALL NOT of each Debtor’s federal tax identification number, are: Stage Stores, Inc. operated. Engel & Völkers and its independent License Partners are Equal Opportunity
• Auction. An Auction for the Assets has been scheduled for (i) July respective meanings ascribed to such terms in the Bidding Procedures BE TREATED AS A CREDITOR WITH RESPECT TO SUCH CLAIM FOR (6900) and Specialty Retailers,Inc.(1900). The Debtors’service address is: Employers and fully support the principles of the Fair Housing Act.
17, 2020 at 10:00 a.m. (prevailing Eastern Time) at the offices of Order. ORDEREDBYTHECOURT THE PURPOSES OF VOTING AND DISTRIBUTION ON ANY CHAPTER 2425 West Loop South,Houston,Texas 77027.
 THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 N B7

Commercial Real Estate

An Iffy Time for Hospitals Turned Hoteliers

The pandemic has caused a plunge in check-ins by patients from overseas, ravaging medical tourism.

Square Feet
By C. J. HUGHES

Over the past several years, hospitals

began to play innkeeper to open the
door to more elective surgery, which is
the lifeblood of their revenue.
They developed hotels near their
operating rooms where patients, who
often came from overseas for special-
ized treatments, could recover comfort-
ably. Expanding into the hospitality
business also allowed health care
providers to avoid the high costs of
being hosts themselves.
But as with so much else, the coro-
navirus pandemic has devastated medi-
cal tourism. To allow doctors to focus on
emergencies, hospitals have canceled
hip replacements and tummy tucks,
while flight bans have grounded many
foreign visitors.
Compounding the decline, multiday
protests in May and June against police
brutality, set off by the killing of George
Floyd in Minneapolis, have also given
travelers pause, depriving hospitals of
some of their best-paying customers,
according to those who work in the
industry.
“Unfortunately, the future looks
bleak,” said Trey Hulsey, a co-founder
of Hayakoum, a three-year-old service
that handles travel arrangements for
patients from the Middle East bound
for hospitals in Boston, Houston and
Philadelphia. “It’s just been one blow
after another.”
Yet hospitals, whose costs have
mounted as the pandemic dragged on,
may have little choice but to revive the
sector, according to some developers,
who are forging ahead despite the
uncertainty.
In Miami, for instance, plans are in
motion for Legacy Hotel and Resi-
dences, a mixed-use tower from the
developer Royal Palm Companies that PHOTOGRAPHS BY ANGEL VALENTIN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

is taking the hospital-hotel concept in a The lobby of the Hilton Miami Dadeland, a hotel developed last year by Baptist Hospital of Miami to help accommodate its patients, many of whom come from South America.
different direction.
Instead of situating its 256-room
hotel and 100,000-square-foot hospital
side by side, as might be the case on
some campuses, Legacy sandwiches
the two entities into a single 680-foot
high-rise the shape of a stapler.
Also included in the nearly $500
million project, which is set to break
ground this fall as part of the Miami

‘It’s just been one

blow after another.’
Trey Hulsey, a co-founder of
Hayakoum, a travel service for
patients from the Middle East,
referring to medical tourism.

Worldcenter mega-development, are

condos, a full-floor fitness center and
spa, shops, bars and restaurants.
Someone who goes to the tower
looking to, say, replace a damaged knee
would undergo surgery in the Center
for Health and Performance, a 10-level
facility at the tower’s base. Then, after
being wheeled down halls and into a
private elevator, the patient would
begin a stay of a week or so in a hotel
room above.
Sixteen suites with nurse service will
be available for those needing greater
attention, though patients with fewer
needs will stay in typical hotel rooms,
said Daniel Kodsi, the chief executive of
Royal Palm, a co-developer of Para-
mount Miami Worldcenter, a condo
tower down the street.
The pandemic has not halted sales of
Legacy’s 274 condos, whose studios
start at $300,000, but it has delayed the
selection of an operator for Legacy’s
$60 million hospital, which Royal Palm
prefers to call a “medical center” be-
cause it will lack an emergency room
and offer only outpatient procedures.
Developers say the distinction is
crucial. Some hotel guests are bound to
feel uneasy about sharing space with
people who have spent time in a hospi-
tal — a concern amplified by the spread
of the coronavirus — even if the dis-
charged patients pose little risk of
infectious disease.
“You’re in a luxury hotel,” Mr. Kodsi
said. “You don’t want to be around
people who are dying.”
Still, as the pandemic intensified,
Legacy made changes to allay fears. A
medical-grade air-filtration system,
previously planned just for the hospital,
will now be used for the entire tower.
Plus, robotic cleaning devices that
use ultraviolet light, once envisioned
solely for operating rooms, will be
deployed to disinfect gathering areas in
the hotel and condo sections, Royal
Palm said. And doors throughout the
tower are being reconfigured to allow
phones or voice commands to open
them remotely, so no patient or guest
has to touch knobs or handles.
Because the Legacy will offer such a
germ-reduced environment, as well as
services like medical checkups that can
be reached by an elevator ride, the
multifunction tower could also be a
good candidate for a quarantine desti-
nation, should a pandemic hit again,
said Stephen Watson, Royal Palm’s
chief strategic officer for medical devel-
opment.
“We are bringing the health care to
hospitality, and the hospitality to health
care,” Mr. Watson said.
Not all medical tourists arrive from
abroad. Deprived of specialized care by
the closing of rural hospitals, they come
from within the United States, too. And
a Hyatt opening next month in Chi-
cago’s hospital-packed medical district
is expected to serve some of them.
Offering 210 rooms, for both short-
and long-term stays, the new hotel is
part of a $90 million conversion of a
column-lined 1914 former hospital that
is also to feature a medical museum.
The project is being overseen by a team
led by Murphy Development Group,
which developed a similarly patient-
focused property, a 276-room Holiday
Inn at the Cleveland Clinic, in 2016.
The plunge in elective surgery this
spring has hollowed out the Cleveland
property, said John T. Murphy, the
firm’s chief executive: About the only
guests who have been around in recent
months are visiting health care work-
ers.
But even without long lines of plastic-
surgery seekers, hotels can be vital
partners for hospitals, providing extra
beds during a public-health crisis, even
if there was not always a need for sur-
plus cots this time around. “Hotels
make a ton of sense from a logistical
perspective,” Mr. Murphy said.
From a financial perspective, hotels
have been a smart bet, as elective
surgery accounts for more than a third
of all spending at some major hospitals,
according to David G. Vequist IV, the
The ratio of medical tourists to other travelers at the hotel is about 50-50, said Ana
Lopez-Blázquez of Baptist Health South Florida, the hospital’s owner. Having a hotel on-site
made sense, she said. “We want to be focused on the entire patient experience,” she said.
founder of Center for Medical Tourism
Research, a group based in San Antonio
that was founded in 2008.
And as hospitals experienced a drop
in demand in recent years because of
high deductibles and other factors,
offsetting the difference with deep-
pocketed medical tourists was consid-
ered a priority, Dr. Vequist said.
Institutions with global recognition
have been the most likely to embrace
the trend, like Johns Hopkins in Balti-
more and the Mayo Clinic in Rochester,
Minn., though even Sanford USD Medi-
cal Center in Sioux Falls, S.D., has seen
the value in controlling the lodging
experience for its patients. It has in-
vested in an outpost of Home2Suites, a
Hilton brand, across from its campus.
South America is the point of origin
for many patients at Baptist Hospital of
Miami, a 799-bed facility known for
cancer care that last year razed a low-
slung dated hotel to make way for a
Hilton Miami Dadeland, which has 186
rooms, starting at $100 a night, plus a
farm-to-table restaurant. A van shuttles
patients around Baptist’s 100-acre
campus in the Kendall neighborhood.
The hospital declined to say how much
it cost to develop the hotel.
“The international piece was grow-
ing, and we were constantly arranging
for area hotels and apartments,” said
Ana Lopez-Blázquez, an executive vice
president at Baptist Health South Flor-
ida, which owns the Miami hospital.
“We want to be focused on the entire
patient experience.”
Success does not entirely depend on
patients. The typical ratio of medical
tourists to other travelers is about
50-50 at the hotel, which has 80 percent
occupancy, Ms. Lopez-Blázquez said.
But this spring, occupancy plummeted
to 30 percent, she added, and almost all
the guests had a Baptist connection.
Still, things might have been worse.
Most Miami-Dade hotels were forced to
shut down this spring, but Baptist’s
Hilton, considered essential, stayed
open.
What also makes the hotel different,
Baptist says, is that a hospital is in
charge. When hotel employees were
struggling to find protective gear, Bap-
tist came up with the proper equip-
ment. Similarly, steps taken to safe-
guard guests like plastic guards at the
check-in desk and a reconfigured pool
entrance, to ensure social distancing,
are up to medical standards as well.
“I think the sensitivity is there be-
cause the owner is a health care organi-
zation,” Ms. Lopez-Blázquez said, “so
there is really no debate.”

Transactions

RECENT SALE RECENT SALE FOR SALE

$3million Built in 1920, this 9,255-square-

70 Seventh Avenue (between
Berkeley and Lincoln Places)
Brooklyn
foot building in Park Slope has two
commercial units and nine apart-
ments, which are occupied. The
commercial spaces are leased to a
shoemaker and a bakery. The
building was last sold three years
ago.
Buyer: VM Realty 6
Seller: Phyllis Giordano
Brokers: Peter Von Der Ahe,
Shaun Riney, Mark Zarrella & Adis
Muminovic of the NYM Group of
Marcus & Millichap
$1.95million This 3,379-square-foot, three-
story building in Bushwick in-
89 Wyckoff Avenue (between Hart cludes a ground-floor retail space,
and Suydam Streets) which is occupied by a bar; a
Brooklyn three-bedroom apartment; and a
studio apartment. It was built in
1925 and last changed hands in
2012.
Buyer: Cycamore Capital
Seller: 89 Bushwack
Brokers: Matt Cosentino, Fred
Bijou and Eddie Laboz of
TerraCRG
$1.1million Built in 1931, this 3,200-square-
foot, two-story corner building in
84-01 101st Avenue (at 84th Ozone Park includes two retail
Street) units, two two-bedroom apart-
Queens ments and a garage. One retail
unit is leased by a pharmacy; the
other is vacant. The property
also has 684 square feet of air
rights. Recent improvements
include a new sewer line.
Seller: 84-01 101 Avenue
Brokers: Stephen R. Preuss and
Kevin Schmitz of Cushman &
Wakefield

SOPHIA JUNE
Email: realprop@nytimes.com
NYM GROUP AT MARCUS & MILLICHAP TERRACRG CUSHMAN & WAKEFIELD
B8 WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 SCORES ANALYSIS COMMENTARY
N K

‘This will be a year

that everyone
remembers. Everyone.’
MIKE STANTON,
former major league pitcher

JEFF ROBERSON/ASSOCIATED PRESS

Baseball Gambles
A replica of the World Series
trophy in February in West
Palm Beach, Fla. Left, fans
peered through a fence after

On a Season
spring training was suspended.

Like No Other phia and Washington.

Doing so without fans will be jarring,
but perhaps not for long.
“You’re playing the Red Sox, you’re at
Yankee Stadium or Fenway, the place is
There will be no asterisk for the 2020
rocking and rolling — it’s hard not to get
baseball season because the year itself is
an obvious outlier in every way. Whoever What is normally excited in those situations,” Stanton said.
“It’s going to be missed, but the passion
wins the World Series — if the season
makes it that far — will overcome the
a marathon turns for the game, the reason you’re playing,
the competitiveness of every player —
challenges of a three-month into a sprint,
TYLER sprint inside empty ball-
that doesn’t go away because there are no
provided everyone fans in the stands. The first week or two
KEPNER parks during a pandemic.
No other champion, to be
will be different, but then it’s going to be,
sure, will have faced those stays healthy. ‘We’re just playing baseball.’”
ON
obstacles. Stanton continued: “You may have to go
BASEBALL back to college or high school, or even
“The teams that lose,
they’ll be the ones going, ‘Well, it’s not for prior to that, but at some point, everyone
real, they didn’t play 162, they didn’t have ELISE AMENDOLA/ASSOCIATED PRESS was playing with just the people on the
the marathon,’ ” Mike Stanton, a former field. I played in Atlanta when we had
pitcher who played in six World Series and als by the players and the owners added of bad-faith negotiating. The rejection 1,500 people — might as well have not
won three with the Yankees, said on Tues- three wild-card teams in each league, meant that other proposed innovations been anybody there — and select games
day. “But for the team that wins, it’ll be allowing more than half of all teams to would be shelved, too, like in-game broad- around the league, same thing. There
just as special as any other — and in some take part. cast enhancements and (thankfully) ad- were always a few fans, but there was
ways even more so, because of the trials Both sides agreed on that change, so vertising on players’ uniforms. never any energy coming out of the
and tribulations that everybody has gone why not implement it this October? Nego- The universal designated hitter might stands, so it really didn’t matter all that
through to get to that point. tiating is the reason. The players believed be retained as part of a 2020 rules package much. They’re going to have to adapt, but
“This will be a year that everyone re- I think they’ll do it quickly.”
that if Commissioner Rob Manfred was the sides must still discuss. Teams might
members,” Stanton added. “Everyone.” Everything must happen quickly now as
going to give them 60 games at full pro- also start extra innings with a runner on
Baseball, of course, will be just a small baseball dashes to the World Series while
rated salaries with or without an agree- second base to spark offense and allow
patch on 2020’s tapestry of the weird. But trying desperately to wall itself off from
ment, it would be foolish to give up a valu- games to finish quicker. the coronavirus. That is the threat loom-
for a sport with such a deep and enchant- able bargaining chip by authorizing the The schedule will be limited to divi-
ing history, it will stand out as a singular ing over players as they re-enter the work
lucrative expanded playoff package own- sional play, plus interleague games with force.
phenomenon, by far the shortest season ers covet. teams in the corresponding geographic
since the 1870s — before the invention of As Brewers pitcher Brett Anderson put
Rejecting the owners’ offer was a calcu- division. So the Yankees, for example, will it in an ominous tweet on Monday night:
the pitcher’s mound, the catcher’s mitt and lated gamble by the players, who turned play their American League East rivals
the infield fly rule. “What happens when we all get it?” For
down more money upfront for the chance Baltimore, Boston, Tampa Bay and Toron- all of the league’s careful planning, that is
Teams will play only 60 games, with
to claim a lot more — perhaps $1 billion — to, but also the National League East the question it cannot answer, and the one
opening day likely to be July 23 or 24. That
is a week before the traditional trading through a grievance accusing the owners teams: Atlanta, Miami, the Mets, Philadel- that would ruin everything.
deadline, when also-rans give up on the
season and trade veterans to contenders
for prospects.
Now, though, every team will reach late
July as a contender, with a trade deadline
to be determined. Think of it as forced
competitive balance, when even the worst
teams can dream of getting hot for nine
weeks and stealing a playoff berth. Every
game will count 2.7 times more than usual,
infusing daily urgency to a sport in which
teams often have time to coalesce.
After 60 games last season, the Wash-
ington Nationals were 27-33 — two games
worse at that point than the Pittsburgh
Pirates. The Nationals surged up the
standings and won the World Series. The
Pirates spiraled and finished in last place.
Then again, last year’s postseason field
did not change much after the 60-game
mark. At that point, the playoff teams
would have been the Yankees, Minnesota,
Houston, Tampa Bay and Texas in the
American League, and Atlanta, Milwau-
kee, Philadelphia, the Chicago Cubs and
the Los Angeles Dodgers in the National
League. Seven of those teams wound up in
the postseason; only the Rangers, the
Phillies and the Cubs faded.
For a while, it seemed as if this year’s
postseason was destined to be like a pre-
schooler’s birthday party, where everyone
in the class gets invited. The last propos-
CHARLES REX ARBOGAST/ASSOCIATED PRESS
 THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 N B9

TENNIS S C O R E B OA R D

Djokovic Says He’s Sorry About All Those Infections SOCCER

BUNDESLIGA
Team GP W D L GF GA Pts
By CHRISTOPHER CLAREY and Sarajevo in Bosnia and Herze- t-Bayern . . . . . 33 25 4 4 96 32 79
Dortmund . . . . 33 21 6 6 84 37 69
and ELIAN PELTIER govina, has been canceled. RB Leipzig . . . 33 17 12 4 79 36 63
Monchengladbch 33 19 5 9 64 39 62
Novak Djokovic, the world’s “It’s easy to be a general after a Leverkusen . . . 33 18 6 9 60 44 60
fight,” Ivanisevic said. “Every- Wolfsburg . . . . 33 13 10 10 48 42 49
top-ranked male tennis player, Hoffenheim . . . 33 14 7 12 49 53 49
apologized on Tuesday as he an- body is smart now, and they are Freiburg . . . . . 33 12 9 12 44 47 45
Eintracht . . . . . 33 12 6 15 56 58 42
nounced that he and his wife, Je- attacking Novak. He tried to do a Hertha Berlin . . 33 11 8 14 47 57 41
lena, had tested positive for the great thing, a humanitarian thing. Schalke . . . . . 33
Union Berlin. . . 33
9
11
12
5
12
17
38
38
54
58
39
38
coronavirus. His mea culpa came We were locked down for three Mainz . . . . . . . 33 11 4 18 44 64 37
Cologne . . . . . 33 10 6 17 50 63 36
after days of growing criticism months. He organized this tour. Augsburg . . . . 33 9 9 15 44 61 36
over a tournament he organized, The players came in Belgrade and Fortuna Dusseldrf 33
Bremen . . . . . 33
6
7
12
7
15
19
36
36
64
68
30
28
after which other players and we had good tennis and a good at- SC Paderborn . 33 4 8 21 35 71 20
mosphere. Everything in Serbia t-clinched title
coaches were also found to be in-
Tuesday, June 16
fected. and everything in Croatia was Monchengladbach 3, Wolfsburg 0
“I am so deeply sorry our tour- done with the recommendations Bremen 0, Bayern 1
Freiburg 2, Hertha Berlin 1
nament has caused harm,” by the government.” Union Berlin 1, SC Paderborn 0
Djokovic said on social media. Three other leading players Wednesday, June 17
Eintracht 2, Schalke 1
The exhibition event, called the who took part in the tour — Marin Dortmund 0, Mainz 2
Cilic, Alexander Zverev and An- RB Leipzig 2, Fortuna Dusseldorf 2
Adria Tour, was supposed to bring Leverkusen 3, Cologne 1
some of the world’s best players to drey Rublev — announced on Augsburg 1, Hoffenheim 3

Balkan nations, including Serbia,
where Djokovic is from, and pro-
vide some income for the partici-
pants and some welcome enter-
tainment to tennis fans who ha-
ven’t seen professional games
since March.
Social distancing was not en-
forced in the stands during the se-
ries, and face masks were a rare
sight. Players mingled freely, ex-
changing hugs and handshakes,
playing pickup soccer and basket-
ball, and even dancing the limbo
one night in Belgrade, Serbia.
At the tournament, players
posed for photographs with work-
ers, tournament officials and
spectators. No systematic coro-
navirus testing was required of
the participants before the event
began, according to the organ-
izers. Some Croatian tennis offi-
cials are calling for the resigna-
tion of Nikolina Babic, president
of the Croatian Tennis Federation.
Besides the Djokovics, two
coaches and at least three promi-
nent players tested positive for
the virus: Grigor Dimitrov, Borna
Coric and Viktor Troicki, a Serb
whose wife, Aleksandra, also
tested positive. That prompted
fears among the authorities in
Croatia and Serbia that the ath-
letes might have started a cluster
of infections.
In Zadar, a small coastal town in
Croatia that had no confirmed in-
fections until it hosted a leg of the
competition, the authorities were
left scrambling to trace and test
people who might have come in
contact with Dimitrov, a Bulgar-
ian who said on Sunday after re-
turning to his home base in Mona-
co that he had tested positive.
“When we saw the crowds, ev-
eryone was surprised to see an
event of that size come back so
soon,” said Bob Bryan, the veteran
Novak Djokovic greeting Borna Coric on Saturday. Both have tested positive for the coronavirus.
Djokovic embracing Viktor Troicki during the ill-fated Adria Tour in Belgrade, Serbia, on June 13.
to Serbia from Los Angeles and
then traveled to Bulgaria before
arriving in Croatia. Ivanisevic
said local health officials informed
the tour organizers that there was
no requirement to test players or
other attendees upon arrival if
they were asymptomatic.
“He came here on Wednesday
Djokovic returned to Belgrade
with his family after the tourna-
ment’s final on Sunday was called
off.
“Everything we did in the past
month, we did with a pure heart
and sincere intentions,” Djokovic
said in a statement announcing
his positive test. “Our tournament
ANTONIO BRONIC/REUTERS
MARKO DJURICA/REUTERS
Djokovic caused a stir in April
after he suggested that he would
rather not be vaccinated against
the coronavirus. He has said he
wants to know what is best for his
body, while keeping an open mind.
He has spoken frequently about
his belief in natural healing and
ventured far outside the main-
Monday that they had tested neg- Saturday, June 20
Bayern 3, Freiburg 1
ative for the virus but would also RB Leipzig 0, Dortmund 2
Hoffenheim 4, Union Berlin 0
self-isolate for two weeks. Domi- Fortuna Dusseldorf 1, Augsburg 1
nic Thiem, the Austrian ranked Hertha Berlin 2, Leverkusen 0
Mainz 3, Bremen 1
No. 3, who won the Belgrade leg of Schalke 1, Wolfsburg 4
Cologne 1, Eintracht 1
the tour, has since played in an- SC Paderborn 1, Monchengladbach 3
other exhibition event in France. Saturday, June 27
He has tested negative three Dortmund vs. Hoffenheim
Leverkusen vs. Mainz
times for the virus. It is unclear Monchengladbach vs. Hertha Berlin
Wolfsburg vs. Bayern
whether he, too, will be required to
Eintracht vs. SC Paderborn
self-isolate. Bremen vs. Cologne
Freiburg vs. Schalke
Djokovic, 33, is not only the top Augsburg vs. RB Leipzig
Union Berlin vs. Fortuna Dusseldorf
player in the world, he is also pres-
ident of the ATP Player Council, ENGLISH PREMIER LEAGUE
which has been actively involved Team GP W D L GF GA Pts
Liverpool . . . . . 30 27 2 1 66 21 83
in planning for the return of the Man City. . . . . 30 20 3 7 76 31 63
regular men’s tour. The tour has Leicester. . . . . 31 16 7 8 59 29 55
Chelsea . . . . . 30 15 6 9 53 40 51
been shut down since March be- Man United . . . 30 12 10 8 45 31 46
Wolverhampton 30 11 13 6 43 34 46
cause of the pandemic and is now Tottenham. . . . 31 12 9 10 50 41 45
scheduled to resume in mid-Au- Sheffield United 30 11 11 8 30 28 44
Crystal Palace . 30 11 9 10 28 32 42
gust at the earliest. The plan is to Arsenal . . . . . . 30 9 13 8 41 41 40
do so without spectators and with Burnley . . . . . . 30 11 6 13 34 45 39
Everton. . . . . . 30 10 8 12 37 46 38
strict testing and health protocols Newcastle . . . . 30 10 8 12 28 41 38
Southampton . . 30 11 4 15 38 52 37
in place. Brighton . . . . . 31 7 12 12 34 41 33
Several players have criticized Watford . . . . . 30 6 10 14 28 45 28
West Ham . . . . 31 7 6 18 35 54 27
Djokovic’s decision to organize Bournemouth . . 30 7 6 17 29 49 27
Aston Villa. . . . 30 7 5 18 35 58 26
the Adria Tour without any such Norwich . . . . . 30 5 6 19 25 55 21
measures, arguing that it not only Friday, June 19
Norwich 0, Southampton 3
risked public health, but sent the Tottenham 1, Man United 1
wrong message to the wider Saturday, June 20
world. “Apparently there’s a pan- Watford 1, Leicester 1
Brighton 2, Arsenal 1
demic,” Andy Roddick, a former West Ham 0, Wolverhampton 2
Bournemouth 0, Crystal Palace 2
No. 1 from the United States,
Sunday, June 21
wrote on Twitter. Newcastle 3, Sheffield United 0
Aston Villa 1, Chelsea 2
“A horror show,” Bruno Soares, Everton 0, Liverpool 0
a Brazilian doubles star who is Monday, June 22
also a member of the player coun- Man City 5, Burnley 0
Tuesday, June 23
cil, said in an interview with Leicester 0, Brighton 0
GloboEsporte. “With the situation Tottenham 2, West Ham 0
in the world, even if you are at the Wednesday, June 24
Man United vs. Sheffield United
North Pole, you don’t go out and Newcastle vs. Aston Villa
Norwich vs. Everton
party and post the photos on In- Wolverhampton vs. Bournemouth
stagram.” Liverpool vs. Crystal Palace
Thursday, June 25
Even Ivanisevic conceded that
Burnley vs. Watford
the limbo dance, in which he took Southampton vs. Arsenal
Chelsea vs. Man City
part, might have been over the Saturday, June 27
top. “OK, maybe you didn’t need Aston Villa vs. Wolverhampton
this,” he said. “But they are all in- NATIONAL WOMEN'S
dividuals. Nobody forced anybody SOCCER LEAGUE
to come into that club. Nobody
forced anybody to dance. Nobody CHALLENGE CUP SCHEDULE

American doubles champion who
watched the action from his home
in Florida. “I guess the cases were
low in Croatia, and they thought
they could. It’s a harsh reminder
that there is still a pandemic going
on and everyone has to behave re-
sponsibly.”
Goran Ivanisevic, a former
Wimbledon champion from Cro-
atia who now coaches Djokovic,
was the director of the event in Za-
dar. Ivanisevic, who said he had
tested negative for the coro-
navirus, said it was unclear where
and when Dimitrov contracted it.
Ivanisevic said Dimitrov traveled
Matthew Futterman and Joseph
Orovic contributed reporting.
and was complaining about his el-
bow,” Ivanisevic said by tele-
phone, referring to Dimitrov. “The
first time Grigor said he was not
feeling great in general was on
Friday, and on Saturday he played
his first match against Coric. He
didn’t look very good.”
Dimitrov withdrew from his
second match on Saturday, then
decided to leave the event and re-
turn to Monaco.
Ivanisevic said the coronavirus
was almost impossible to under-
stand. “I was two weeks with
Marco Panichi, who is Novak’s fit-
ness coach,” Ivanisevic said. “I
was with him night and day, and
he is positive, and I am negative,
so how to explain that?”
meant to unite and share a mes-
sage of solidarity and compassion
throughout the region.”
He said before the event began
in Belgrade this month that the
tour was following guidelines
from local authorities by not im-
posing strict restrictions on play-
er contact and by allowing specta-
tors to attend matches.
“We believed the tournament
met all health protocols and the
health of our region seemed in
good condition to finally unite peo-
ple for philanthropic reasons,”
Djokovic said Tuesday. “We were
wrong, and it was too soon. I can-
not express enough how sorry I
am for this and every case of infec-
tion.”
stream in a podcast last month by
maintaining that “molecules in
the water react to our emotions.”
But he sounded ready to embrace
more conventional medical meth-
ods on Tuesday, urging all those
who attended the Adria Tour or
who were in contact with any at-
tendees to be tested and to prac-
tice social distancing.
Djokovic, whose primary orga-
nizational role in the tour was to
recruit the players, said that his
two young children — Stefan, 5,
and Tara, 2 — had tested negative
for the virus and that he would re-
main in isolation in Belgrade for
the next 14 days and be retested
later this week. The remainder of
the tour, scheduled for Banja Luka
can tell you go on the stage, take All Times E.D.T.
Saturday, June 27
your shirt off and dance. And how North Carolina Courage vs. Portland
do you know anyone even got in- Thorns, 12:30 p.m. (CBS)
Chicago Red Stars vs. Orlando Pride, 10
fected at that party?” p.m.
Tuesday, June 30
What is undeniable is that the Washington Spirit vs. Utah Royals, 12:30
party in Zadar is now over, and p.m.
OL Reign vs. Sky Blue, 10 p.m.
that the rest of the tennis world Wednesday, July 1
Portland Thorns vs. Orlando Pride, 12:30
has a cautionary tale to consider p.m.
as it prepares for its official re- North Carolina Courage vs. Houston Dash,
10 p.m.
turn. Saturday, July 4
Washington Spirit vs. OL Reign, 12:30 p.m.
“This situation is exactly why Chicago Red Stars vs. Utah Royals, 10
we have created a comprehensive p.m.
Sunday, July 5
health and medical plan with the Houston Dash vs. Sky Blue, 12:30 p.m.
North Carolina Courage vs. Orlando Pride,
input of our medical advisory 10 p.m.
group, as well as other experts, Wednesday, July 8
Utah Royals vs. OL Reign, 12:30 p.m.
that was approved by New York Washington Spirit vs. Portland Thorns, 10
p.m.
State,” the United States Tennis Thursday, July 9
Association said in a statement on Chicago Red Stars vs. Houston Dash,
12:30 p.m.
Tuesday about this year’s United Orlando Pride vs. Sky Blue, 10 p.m.
Sunday, July 12
States Open. Utah Royals vs. North Carolina Courage,
12:30 p.m.
Portland Thorns vs. OL Reign, 10 p.m.
Monday, July 13

AU T O R AC I N G
Chicago Red Stars vs. Sky Blue, 12:30 p.m.
Washington Spirit vs. Houston Dash, 10
p.m.
Quarterfinals
Friday, July 17
TBD vs. TBD, 12:30 p.m.

Noose in Wallace’s Stall Was Left From Last Year, Justice Dept. Says
By ALAN BLINDER
The Justice Department said on
Tuesday that there had been no
federal crime in the placement of a
noose that was found this week in
the Talladega Superspeedway ga-
rage stall assigned to Darrell Wal-
lace Jr., the lone black driver in
NASCAR’s premier series.
It was tied there last year, long
before Wallace was assigned to
the spot at the Alabama track for a
race this week, the federal au-
thorities said. NASCAR said that a
pull rope for the garage door had
been “fashioned like a noose” and
left there.
“We appreciate the F.B.I.’s
quick and thorough investigation
and are thankful to learn that this
was not an intentional, racist act
against Bubba,” NASCAR said in a
statement, using Wallace’s nick-
name.
Richard Petty Motorsports,
which owns Wallace’s No. 43 car,
said it was “grateful the findings
conclude there was no direct
threat” to the driver or the team.
Neither the federal authorities
nor racing officials gave any pub-
lic indication of who might have
tied the knot or their intention in
doing so. Wood Brothers Racing, a
fixture of the stock-car circuit,
said in a statement that one of its
employees had this week recalled
“seeing a tied handle in the garage
pull-down rope” last year and that
the team quickly notified investi-
gators.
The disclosure of the noose late
on Sunday came as NASCAR con-
fronted its history on race and its
record as a safe haven for the Con-
federate battle flag. And the inqui-
ry’s swift conclusion could help
the motor sports empire to edge
away from one of the most tumul-
tuous periods in its history, even
though the country remains en-
gaged in far-reaching debates
about endemic injustice.
That national turmoil, which in-
tensified after George Floyd’s
death in Minneapolis police cus-
tody in May, helped prompt Wal-
Bubba Wallace with the team owner Richard Petty before Monday’s race at Talladega. The authori-
ties said no federal crime was committed in connection with the noose in Wallace’s garage stall.
lace on June 8 to urge NASCAR to
banish the battle flag. The com-
pany did so two days later, ban-
ning it at the organization’s events
and properties.
Then, after a competition in
South Florida, the racers and their
crews headed to Talladega, a track
renowned for its speed and etched
into the culture of Southern stock-
car racing. Finished in 1969, after
the crucial support of George C.
Wallace, the segregationist Ala-
bama governor, the track has
drawn millions of fans but also
earned a reputation as a place par-
ticularly welcoming of Confeder-
ate symbols like the battle flag.
Although NASCAR’s flag ban
appeared to work — in spite of
protests from some fans — the
noose was soon spotted in Wal-
lace’s garage stall on Sunday,
prompting anguish and fury
within a sport that had sometimes
only tepidly tried to put distance
JOHN BAZEMORE/ASSOCIATED PRESS
TBD vs. TBD, 10 p.m.
Saturday, July 18
TBD vs. TBD, 12:30 p.m.
TBD vs. TBD, 10 p.m.
Semifinals
Wednesday, July 22
between its past and its present. TBD vs. TBD, 12:30 p.m.
By the time of the green flag in TBD vs. TBD, 10 p.m.
Championship
the weather-delayed Geico 500 on Sunday, July 26
TBD vs. TBD, 12:30 p.m. (CBS)
Monday afternoon, competitors
had rallied around Wallace, the BASEBALL
Justice Department had an-
nounced its review, and NASCAR KOREA BASEBALL
had vowed to expel any wrongdo- ORGANIZATION
ers from its ranks. With access to FORMER M.L.B. PLAYERS'
Talladega, especially its work ar- STATISTICS
eas, tightly controlled because of Through June 22
the coronavirus pandemic, offi-
HITTING LEADERS
cials indicated that they were fo- ab h r rbi hr avg
Mel Rojas Jr., Wiz 165 63 35 38 13 .382
cused on whether someone di-
Jose Fernandez, Bears 171 64 32 33 7 .374
rectly tied to NASCAR was re- Preston Tucker, Tigers 157 55 30 40 11 .350
Tyler Saladino, Lions 117 34 25 25 6 .291
sponsible. Andre Altherr, Lions 136 39 25 39 9 .287
The investigation ended
PITCHING LEADERS
quickly: Jay E. Town, the United g ip so w l era
States attorney for the Northern Eric Jokisch, Heroes 9 55 40 6 2 1.63
Dan Straily, Giants 9 56 62 1 2 2.10
District of Alabama, and Johnnie Drew Rucinski, Dinos 8 50 49 4 1 2.50
Sharp Jr., the head of the F.B.I.’s of- Aaron Brooks, Tigers 8 48 42 3 2 3.00
Chris Flexen, Bears 7 41 35 2 1 3.29
fice in Birmingham, Ala., said that (Provided by MyKBO Stats)
their evidence, including video
footage, showed the noose in the TRANSACTIONS
garage as early as October 2019.
M.L.B.
“Nobody could have known Mr. American League
Wallace would be assigned to ga- OAKLAND ATHLETICS — Signed RHP Jeff
rage No. 4 last week,” they said, Criswell, OF Michael Guldberg and RHP Dane
Acker to minor league contracts.
adding that “the decision not to HOUSTON ASTROS — Signed RHP Jimmy
pursue federal charges is proper
Endersby, RHP Jonathan Sprinkle and OF
Cody Orr to minor league contracts.
after reviewing all available facts KANSAS CITY ROYALS — Agreed to terms
with LHP Asa Lacy, SS Nick Loftin, RHP Ben
and all applicable federal laws.” Hernandez, OF Tyler Gentry, LHP Christian
Although the government’s in- Chamberlain, RHP Will Klein, LHP AJ Block, OF
Tucker Bradley, C Kale Emshoff, C Saul Garza,
tervention signaled the gravity of RHP John McMillon INF Matt Schmidt and RHP
Chase Wallace on minor league contracts.
the episode, the Justice Depart- MINNESOTA TWINS — Signed INF Aaron
ment and outside experts said Sabato to a minor league contract.
TAMPA BAY RAYS — Signed RHP Nick Bitsko
from the inquiry’s start that there to a minor league contract.
National League
was no guarantee that prosecu- SAN FRANCISCO GIANTS — Signed RHP Wil
tors would pursue charges. A Jensen to a minor league contract.
WASHINGTON NATIONALS — Agreed to terms
charging decision, current and with RHP Cade Cavalli, RHP Cole Henry, RHP
former U.S. officials said, would be Holden Powell, LHP Mitchell Parker, C Brady
Lindsly and SS Sammy Infante on minor league
based on number of factors, in- contracts.
cluding a person’s intent and the N.F.L.
capacity in which that person was DETROIT LIONS — Announced Martha
in the garage at Talladega. Firestone is stepping down as principal owner.
 B10 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020

Weather Report Meteorology by AccuWeather

Vancouver
couve 6
60s Metropolitan Forecast
Regina 60s TODAY .......................Heavy thunderstorms
Se
eatttle
t
Winnipeg
eg Quebec
ebec
ec 80s
60s
60
70s
70
S
Spokane High 88. A cold front approaching will Record
H
Halifax
70s 50s interact with very warm and humid air.
Portlan
an
nd
nd Montre
re
eal highs
80s
Helena
90s Bismarck Burling
Burlington
B rl ng
g This will bring showers or heavy thunder-
Eugen
ne
ne Fargo Otta
ta
awa
Billings 80s
Portland
0 Manchester
M
Ma
storms, along with sunshine.
70s 80s
B
Boise
H St. Paul
S Toronto
To to Albany Boston
B s TONIGHT ..................................Partly cloudy 90°
Minnea
apolis
a
Casper
Pierre Milwauke
ee Buffalo Har
Hartford
a Low 72. The air will remain warm and
Detroit
90s Sioux
ou Fallss 70s New York
N humid, as the cold front struggles to push
80s
Reno Cheyenn
heye ne Dess Moines Chicago Cleveland Pittsburg
gh
gh through. There can be a thunderstorms.
Omaha Phi
Philadelphia
San
an Francisco
ncisc
scc
Salt La
Lake 70s
7 0s Wash
W
Washin
ashing
hington
g n Otherwise, it will be a partly cloudy night. Normal
City Indianapolis
a highs
Den
en
enver Kansas Springfield
eld
d Rich
Ric hmond TOMORROW .......................A bit less humid
Colorado
C orado
orad Topeka City
Ch
Charleston
on
80°
Fresno
Fresno Las
Las Springs
pring 90s St. Louis Louisv
sville
sv N folk
Norfo High 85. The cold front will push just to
Vegas 100+
10
Wichita Raleigh
gh the east, allowing the humidity to lower
Nashville
Nashvili
Loss A
Lo Anngeles Santa Fe
S Charlotte during the day under a partly sunny sky.
100+
00 Oklahoma
oma City Memphis
ph There can still be a few thunderstorms.
San
San
a Die
ego Phoen
Ph enix
eni Albuquerque
uerque
erque Col
ol bia
olumb
Lubbock
Little
i Rock L Birmingham
m
Atlanta FRIDAY ....................................Mostly sunny
Tuc
Tucson
Ft. Worth Dallas 80s High pressure will control the weather. 70°
El Paso
80s Jackson This results in a rain-free day, with more
J
Jacksonville
sunshine than clouds. It will be very Normal
Mo
Mobile lows
Honolulu
olulu
u San Antonio
Baton Rouge
Ba
New
Ne warm, but not too humid.
Or
Orlando
H
Hilo Hou
ouston Orle
Orleans
70
0s
0s Tampa
a SATURDAY
80s
0s 90ss
SUNDAY .......................Hot, storms Sunday
Corpus Christi
C Miami Saturday will be hot and more humid, 60° F S S M T W T F S S
30
30s 90s Nassau
40s Monterrey with a mix of sunshine and clouds. High
TODAY
Weather patterns shown as expected at noon today, Eastern time. 90. An approaching cold front may bring
Faiirbanks
60ss
TODAY’S HIGHS
thunderstorms on Sunday. High 88.
Forecast Record
<0 0s 10s 20s 30s 40s 50s 60s 70s 80s 90s 100+ lows
Actual range
50s
Anc
Anchorage H L High High
Juneau
uneau COLD WARM STATIONARY COMPLEX HIGH LOW MOSTLY SHOWERS T-STORMS RAIN FLURRIES SNOW ICE
FRONTS COLD PRESSURE CLOUDY PRECIPITATION Low Low

Highlight: High Heat Lingers in the Southwest National Forecast Metropolitan Almanac
The high heat that has Less humid air will push across the In Central Park, for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday.
gripped the Southwest over Great Lakes and Ohio Valley behind a
the last several days will passing cold front. Despite the lower Temperature Precipitation (in inches)
continue through midweek JET STREAM humidity, some thundershowers will pop Yesterday ............... 0.00
because of an upper-level Record Record .................... 1.75
up across the region. Heavy showers and high 96°
ridge of high pressure thunderstorms will douse New England as 87° (1888) For the last 30 days
positioned over the region. Reno Salt Lake City 90° Actual ..................... 1.08
the front moves toward the East Coast. 2 p.m.
Normal .................... 4.55
Triple-digit heat will Numerous showers and thunderstorms For the last 365 days
continue to worsen drought bringing some heavier downpours will Normal Actual ................... 42.03
conditions and increase Fresno HOT stretch from the Southeast into south- 80°
high 81° Normal .................. 49.93
the risk of wildfires. The eastern Texas. Spotty thunderstorms will LAST 30 DAYS
only place to get some also pop up over much of the Rockies in Air pressure Humidity
cooling will be along the the afternoon. High ........... 29.89 1 a.m. High ............. 76% 6 a.m.
Persistent H 70° 74° Low ............ 29.76 4 p.m. Low .............. 52% 1 p.m.
California coast. Albuquerque It will be dry and less humid across the 6 a.m. Normal
northern and central Plains. low 66°
Cooling Degree Days
In the West, heat will continue to bake An index of fuel consumption that tracks how
Tucson much of the region. It will be cooler along 60° MON. YESTERDAY far the day's mean temperature rose above 65
the West coast. Yesterday................................................................... 16
So far this month...................................................... 181
Record So far this season (since January 1) ........................ 225
low 49° Normal to date for the season ................................. 212
(1918)
4 12 6 12 4
p.m. a.m. a.m. p.m. p.m. Trends Temperature Precipitation
Little Rock 86/ 65 0.80 86/ 65 PC 86/ 70 PC New Delhi 99/ 82 0.19 94/ 80 PC 98/ 83 PC
Cities Los Angeles 81/ 63 0 81/ 63 PC 79/ 62 PC Riyadh 104/ 77 0 105/ 75 PC 109/ 79 PC Average Average
High/low temperatures for the 16 hours ended at 4 Louisville 83/ 64 0.55 83/ 64 S 86/ 68 PC Seoul 88/ 70 0.10 74/ 71 R 80/ 68 R Avg. daily departure Avg. daily departure Below Above Below Above
p.m. yesterday, Eastern time, and precipitation (in inches) Memphis 87/ 68 0.36 86/ 67 C 88/ 72 S Shanghai 84/ 75 1.37 87/ 74 T 85/ 75 T from normal from normal Last 10 days
for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday. Miami 92/ 79 0.04 93/ 80 PC 93/ 81 PC Singapore 81/ 76 0.86 83/ 78 C 83/ 77 T this month
...................... +2.0° this.........................
year +2.4°
Milwaukee 74/ 58 0.31 76/ 60 PC 81/ 63 PC Sydney 62/ 45 0 64/ 49 PC 66/ 48 S 30 days
Expected conditions for today and tomorrow.
Mpls.-St. Paul 75/ 59 0 77/ 61 PC 85/ 66 PC Taipei City 95/ 84 0.04 100/ 82 PC 97/ 80 C 90 days
C ........................ Clouds S .............................Sun Nashville 85/ 65 0.22 84/ 63 C 87/ 66 PC Tehran 93/ 71 0 96/ 77 PC 101/ 76 PC Reservoir levels (New York City water supply) 365 days
F............................. Fog Sn ....................... Snow New Orleans 91/ 77 0.11 86/ 78 T 90/ 77 C Tokyo 81/ 66 0.10 78/ 70 C 79/ 73 Sh
H .......................... Haze SS .......... Snow showers Norfolk 91/ 73 0.05 87/ 72 C 83/ 71 T Yesterday ............... 94% Chart shows how recent temperature and precipitation
Oklahoma City 88/ 62 0.30 88/ 62 PC 88/ 67 PC Europe Yesterday Today Tomorrow
I............................... Ice T............ Thunderstorms Est. normal ............. 97% trends compare with those of the last 30 years.
Omaha 79/ 59 0 84/ 65 S 88/ 73 T Amsterdam 77/ 53 0 84/ 63 S 85/ 66 S
PC ............. Partly cloudy Tr ......................... Trace Athens 81/ 67 0 83/ 69 S 86/ 72 PC
Orlando 93/ 74 0 94/ 74 PC 96/ 74 PC
R ........................... Rain W ........................ Windy Berlin 75/ 54 0 80/ 63 PC 82/ 63 Sh
Philadelphia 92/ 73 0 87/ 69 PC 85/ 68 PC
Sh ................... Showers –............... Not available Brussels 79/ 53 0 84/ 60 S 84/ 64 S
Phoenix
Pittsburgh
110/
78/
83
59
0 110/ 82 PC
0.03 75/ 56 T
110/
76/
80
58
PC
PC Budapest 79/ 63 0 76/ 56 S 77/ 60 S
Recreational Forecast
N.Y.C. region Yesterday Today Tomorrow
Portland, Me. 75/ 64 0 75/ 61 T 82/ 62 S Copenhagen 72/ 57 0 75/ 60 S 77/ 63 PC
New York City 87/ 74 0 88/ 72 T 85/ 69 PC Portland, Ore. 91/ 64 0 79/ 60 C 85/ 60 PC Dublin 66/ 57 0.80 66/ 54 PC 71/ 57 PC Sun, Moon and Planets Beach and Ocean Temperatures
Bridgeport 82/ 69 0 85/ 68 T 83/ 67 PC Providence 84/ 68 0 83/ 64 T 86/ 64 PC Edinburgh 66/ 57 0.17 73/ 56 PC 76/ 56 PC
Caldwell 93/ 71 0.06 90/ 65 PC 86/ 64 PC Raleigh 90/ 68 0 88/ 70 PC 87/ 67 T Frankfurt 82/ 55 0 81/ 60 S 83/ 62 PC First Quarter Full Last Quarter New
Danbury 83/ 66 0 84/ 60 T 83/ 59 Sh Reno 98/ 65 0 96/ 64 S 94/ 63 S Geneva 81/ 56 0 84/ 61 S 85/ 62 T Today’s forecast
Islip 81/ 67 0 85/ 65 T 84/ 66 PC Richmond 92/ 71 0.04 87/ 68 PC 82/ 65 T Helsinki 79/ 49 0 83/ 58 PC 84/ 57 S
Newark 91/ 71 0 90/ 69 T 86/ 68 PC Rochester 86/ 62 0 75/ 57 C 78/ 59 PC Istanbul 79/ 66 0.14 80/ 68 Sh 82/ 70 PC
Trenton 90/ 69 0 86/ 64 PC 82/ 64 PC Sacramento 95/ 60 0 98/ 61 S 100/ 60 S Kiev 81/ 64 0.05 79/ 60 T 80/ 57 S June 28 July 5 July 12 July 20
White Plains 85/ 67 0 86/ 65 T 84/ 64 PC Salt Lake City 89/ 66 0 94/ 67 PC 86/ 63 PC Lisbon 83/ 64 0 81/ 62 S 77/ 60 S 12:43 a.m. 1:32 p.m.
United States Yesterday Today Tomorrow San Antonio 93/ 75 0.28 89/ 73 C 88/ 75 T London 82/ 55 0 89/ 67 S 88/ 66 S Kennebunkport
San Diego 73/ 65 0 72/ 65 PC 71/ 64 PC Madrid 99/ 66 0 96/ 68 PC 97/ 66 S Sun RISE 5:26 a.m. Moon R 8:39 a.m. 74/59 Showers, heavy thunderstorms
Albany 91/ 72 0.04 84/ 62 C 85/ 63 PC Moscow 73/ 57 0 77/ 52 S 80/ 60 PC
San Francisco 74/ 55 0 73/ 56 PC 73/ 55 PC SET 8:31 p.m. S 11:30 p.m.
Albuquerque 91/ 62 0 93/ 65 PC 96/ 65 S Nice 80/ 70 0 80/ 69 S 79/ 68 S
San Jose 86/ 59 0 85/ 58 S 85/ 60 PC NEXT R 5:26 a.m. R 9:50 a.m. Cape Cod
Anchorage 61/ 51 0.01 62/ 49 C 64/ 50 C Oslo 77/ 53 0 80/ 55 S 79/ 57 PC 50s
San Juan 90/ 76 0.02 90/ 78 Sh 90/ 79 W 80/68 Fog, periodic sun
Atlanta 83/ 70 0.15 81/ 66 C 83/ 67 PC Paris 84/ 56 0 89/ 64 S 90/ 66 S Jupiter S 7:16 a.m. Mars R 12:50 a.m.
Seattle 83/ 61 0 74/ 58 C 80/ 58 PC
Atlantic City 82/ 73 0 84/ 69 PC 79/ 67 PC Prague 73/ 54 0 69/ 56 Sh 73/ 55 PC R 9:47 p.m. S 12:31 p.m.
Sioux Falls 76/ 54 0 81/ 60 PC 86/ 66 T L.I. North Shore
Austin 90/ 72 0.93 87/ 72 PC 87/ 72 T Rome 91/ 64 0 84/ 63 S 82/ 62 S
Spokane 86/ 64 0 83/ 60 PC 83/ 61 PC Saturn S 7:45 a.m. Venus R 3:52 a.m.
Baltimore 92/ 71 0 86/ 66 PC 85/ 66 PC St. Petersburg 77/ 51 0 81/ 62 PC 81/ 63 PC 87/67 A heavy thunderstorm
St. Louis 82/ 62 0 83/ 67 S 90/ 74 PC R 10:06 p.m. S 6:07 p.m.
Baton Rouge 92/ 71 0.05 84/ 71 T 86/ 73 T Stockholm 76/ 51 0 83/ 60 S 86/ 59 S
St. Thomas 93/ 81 0 90/ 81 Sh 91/ 81 PC
Birmingham 87/ 69 0.29 82/ 66 T 84/ 68 PC Vienna 75/ 58 0 73/ 56 Sh 75/ 60 PC L.I. South Shore
Syracuse 90/ 66 0 79/ 58 C 81/ 58 PC Boating
Boise 93/ 66 0 96/ 63 PC 89/ 61 S Tampa 92/ 78 0.08 93/ 79 PC 96/ 79 C Warsaw 75/ 59 0.04 74/ 64 Sh 77/ 63 PC 82/70 A heavy thunderstorm
Boston 84/ 69 0 82/ 66 T 82/ 66 S Toledo 81/ 57 0.11 79/ 58 T 80/ 60 PC
North America Yesterday Today Tomorrow From Montauk Point to Sandy Hook, N.J., out to 20
Buffalo 83/ 61 0 71/ 57 W 76/ 60 PC Tucson 106/ 74 0 108/ 75 PC 108/ 73 PC N.J. Shore
Burlington 91/ 71 0 84/ 58 C 83/ 60 PC nautical miles, including Long Island Sound and New York
Tulsa 88/ 65 0 89/ 71 PC 92/ 71 S Acapulco 88/ 80 0.29 88/ 78 T 89/ 79 T 84/69 Humid with clouds and sun 60s
Casper 85/ 50 0 89/ 51 S 83/ 46 W Harbor.
Virginia Beach 88/ 73 0 84/ 70 C 81/ 68 T Bermuda 81/ 74 0.03 82/ 75 PC 81/ 75 C
Charlotte 86/ 67 0 87/ 69 PC 88/ 67 PC Washington 91/ 73 0 86/ 70 PC 83/ 68 PC Edmonton 74/ 54 0.06 68/ 48 Sh 76/ 52 PC Wind will be from the south to southwest at 8-16 knots. Eastern Shore
Chattanooga 85/ 67 0.71 84/ 67 C 86/ 67 PC Wichita 88/ 63 0 91/ 67 PC 94/ 69 S Guadalajara 82/ 63 0.05 82/ 59 T 80/ 61 T Waves will be a foot or less on Long Island Sound and New 85/67 Partly sunny
Chicago 78/ 60 0.40 78/ 60 T 82/ 65 PC Wilmington, Del. 91/ 73 0 85/ 67 PC 82/ 66 PC Havana 94/ 76 0 94/ 76 PC 91/ 75 PC York Harbor and 3-4 feet on the ocean. Showers and fog
Cincinnati 80/ 60 0.44 79/ 61 T 82/ 64 PC Kingston 91/ 80 0 92/ 81 S 90/ 79 T patches will reduce visibility. Ocean City Md.
Cleveland 80/ 61 0.30 75/ 59 T 77/ 60 PC Africa Yesterday Today Tomorrow 70s
Martinique 90/ 79 0 89/ 78 W 89/ 79 T 83/67 Humid with some sun
Colorado Springs 80/ 53 0 85/ 56 T 86/ 57 PC Algiers 85/ 60 0 88/ 64 PC 91/ 67 PC Mexico City 74/ 57 0.21 70/ 54 T 75/ 54 T High Tides
Columbus 80/ 59 0.28 79/ 59 T 81/ 62 PC Cairo 96/ 74 0 94/ 70 S 93/ 72 S Monterrey 96/ 71 0.10 94/ 70 PC 92/ 73 PC Virginia Beach Color bands
Concord, N.H. 89/ 65 0.05 81/ 58 T 84/ 58 S Cape Town 66/ 47 0 69/ 52 S 66/ 52 R Montreal 90/ 71 0.04 80/ 58 T 80/ 60 PC Atlantic City .................. 10:32 a.m. ............ 10:41 p.m. indicate water
84/70 Clouds and sun
Dallas-Ft. Worth 81/ 68 2.25 89/ 69 PC 87/ 72 T Dakar 88/ 80 0 86/ 78 PC 86/ 78 PC Nassau 89/ 80 0.04 89/ 81 T 89/ 81 PC Barnegat Inlet ............... 10:51 a.m. ............ 10:56 p.m. temperature.
Denver 85/ 57 0 89/ 61 T 89/ 57 PC Johannesburg 62/ 37 0 65/ 37 PC 64/ 40 PC Panama City 88/ 75 0.39 86/ 76 T 88/ 76 T The Battery ................... 11:31 a.m. ............ 11:19 p.m.
Des Moines 76/ 59 0 80/ 62 S 87/ 71 PC Nairobi 75/ 56 0.01 74/ 55 PC 74/ 56 PC Quebec City 90/ 67 0 79/ 56 T 76/ 56 W Beach Haven ................ 12:19 p.m. ......................... ---
Detroit 78/ 55 0.68 76/ 58 PC 79/ 60 PC Tunis 88/ 67 0 90/ 71 S 95/ 72 S Santo Domingo 94/ 76 0 92/ 74 S 91/ 74 T Bridgeport ...................... 1:53 a.m. .............. 2:33 p.m.
El Paso 100/ 73 0 98/ 75 PC 102/ 77 PC Toronto 77/ 67 0.32 73/ 54 W 77/ 61 PC City Island ....................... 1:33 a.m. .............. 2:13 p.m.
A warm and humid day will unfold along
Fargo 76/ 55 0.01 81/ 60 PC 88/ 66 C Asia/Pacific Yesterday Today Tomorrow Vancouver 66/ 56 0 70/ 58 Sh 71/ 57 PC
Hartford 88/ 70 0 85/ 63 T 86/ 63 S Baghdad 109/ 77 0 108/ 76 W 107/ 78 PC Fire Island Lt. ................ 11:47 a.m. ............ 11:48 p.m. the beaches. A few of the New England
Winnipeg 72/ 51 0.04 80/ 58 S 81/ 62 T
Honolulu 87/ 74 0.05 87/ 76 PC 87/ 75 PC Bangkok 92/ 80 0 95/ 80 PC 95/ 79 T Montauk Point .............. 12:18 p.m. ......................... --- and Long Island beaches will have a
Houston 91/ 75 0 84/ 74 T 86/ 76 T Beijing 91/ 71 0 91/ 69 PC 83/ 67 T South America Yesterday Today Tomorrow Northport ....................... 1:55 a.m. .............. 2:30 p.m.
Indianapolis 78/ 59 0.66 78/ 59 PC 82/ 63 PC Damascus 97/ 57 0 95/ 58 PC 96/ 62 PC Buenos Aires 60/ 55 0.30 57/ 45 C 55/ 40 S Port Washington ............. 1:43 a.m. .............. 2:17 p.m. thunderstorm, with the best chance being
Jackson 87/ 70 0 81/ 68 T 84/ 71 T Hong Kong 91/ 84 0.10 91/ 85 Sh 90/ 83 T Caracas 86/ 75 0.10 86/ 74 PC 84/ 74 PC Sandy Hook .................. 11:01 a.m. ............ 11:02 p.m. in the afternoon and evening. Otherwise,
Jacksonville 93/ 72 0.18 92/ 70 T 94/ 71 T Jakarta 90/ 74 0.04 89/ 77 PC 91/ 76 T Lima 66/ 60 0 66/ 61 PC 66/ 60 PC Shinnecock Inlet ........... 10:45 a.m. ............ 11:00 p.m.
Kansas City 79/ 60 0 84/ 66 PC 89/ 73 PC Jerusalem 83/ 60 0 80/ 62 S 79/ 63 S Quito 62/ 49 0 70/ 49 R 69/ 49 R Stamford ........................ 1:53 a.m. .............. 2:29 p.m.
there will be clouds and sunshine with
Key West 90/ 83 0 91/ 84 S 91/ 84 PC Karachi 100/ 85 0 100/ 85 PC 98/ 87 PC Recife 86/ 76 0.07 84/ 76 S 84/ 75 PC Tarrytown ..................... 12:16 a.m. .............. 1:20 p.m. afternoon temperatures in the 70s in the
Las Vegas 109/ 83 0 107/ 84 PC 106/ 84 PC Manila 97/ 82 0.06 96/ 81 T 95/ 80 T Rio de Janeiro 79/ 68 0 80/ 66 PC 83/ 70 PC
Lexington 80/ 60 0.11 80/ 60 T 82/ 63 PC Mumbai 90/ 82 0.19 89/ 79 T 90/ 81 C Santiago 55/ 44 0.49 50/ 27 Sh 52/ 36 PC
Willets Point .................... 1:34 a.m. .............. 2:18 p.m. north and the 80s in the south.

Wordplay, every day.

The New York Times Crossword is the
upside to downtime. It’s the smart way to fill
the breaks in your day. Download the app.
nytimes.com/playnow
 THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 N B11

SOCCER

The Liverpool That’s Largely Neglected and Was Recently Relegated

By RORY SMITH
BAMBER BRIDGE, England —
For a few minutes, right at the
start of the second half, Vicky Jep-
son tried to sit down. Jepson, Liv-
erpool’s coach, arranged a blanket
neatly over her legs, to stave off
the bitter winter cold, squeezed in
alongside her players on the sub-
stitutes’ bench, and sat still for as
long as she could.
It should have been a pleasant
way to pass the time, as relaxed an
afternoon as Jepson might have
had all season. Her Liverpool
team was methodically cutting
through its opponent, Blackburn
Rovers, its lead going from 4-1 to
5-1 and on to six, seven and eight.
Even then, though, sitting still
does not come easy to Jepson.
Instead, she found herself back
on her feet again, pacing and
prowling. Jepson is an active,
thoughtful coach, not a bawler and
bellower. She offered precise, cor-
rective advice — where to run,
when to overlap, where to stand —
rather than meaningless motiva-
tional phrases. Her instructions
were surprisingly detailed, occa-
sionally drifting into coaching jar-
gon. Her players, though, listened
intently, taking it all in.
That afternoon in January was
supposed to be Liverpool’s spring-
board. The previous week, Jep-
son’s team had won its first game
of the Women’s Super League sea-
son. Sweeping past Blackburn, in
the F.A. Cup, had the air of a cor-
ner being turned. Jepson spoke af-
terward of how the victory might
restore her players’ composure,
relieving the anxiety that had set
in.
In the end, the day proved noth-
ing more than some respite. When
the W.S.L. season was shuttered
in March, Liverpool was rooted to PHOTOGRAPHS BY ANDREW TESTA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

the foot of the league table. It had
still won only one game. By May, it
was seeing a flood of players at the
end of contracts leave the club.
Many of them, including the
Scottish midfielder Christie Mur-
ray and the English striker Court-
ney Sweetman-Kirk, explained
their decisions by suggesting they
wanted to be somewhere they
could “enjoy what I love again.”
The thinly veiled subtext was, of
course, that taking pleasure and
pride in their jobs had become im-
possible at Liverpool.
And then, in the first week of
June, it was announced that the
W.S.L. season would be decided
on a points-per-game formula.
Chelsea was crowned champion.
Liverpool, which had eight games
left, was relegated. There was
sympathy for Jepson, and for her
players, but little or none for the
club. To many, Liverpool had got
what it deserved.
At a time of rapid growth for the
women’s game in Europe, with
booming interest and increasing
investment — even from a num-
ber of teams, like Manchester
United and Real Madrid, that had
been slow to form a women’s divi-
sion — at least one former player
accused Liverpool of “playing at”
women’s soccer. Even those inside
the club wondered if it needed to
decide if it was “going to take this
seriously or not.” After her depar-
ture, Sweetman-Kirk talked about
not only a lack of investment by
the club, but a “lack of impor-
tance” afforded to the women’s
team.
The contrast with the men’s
team was a sharp, damning one.
Jürgen Klopp’s Liverpool is the
world and European champion.
When the Premier League re-
sumed last week, Liverpool
needed only two wins to end its 30-
year wait for an English champi-
onship. It pays out $392 million a
year in salaries to its players.
Liverpool’s women, on the other
hand, were hardly paid salaries
commensurate with their status
as elite athletes. Until a former
coach complained, they had been
housed in substandard accommo-
dations. Only 10 staff members
were considered full-time employ-
ees, in a year when the club as a
Liverpool’s women won only one game during the Women’s Super League season. They had to host this F.A. Cup game on the field of a seventh-tier men’s team.
whole had reported a record reve-
nue, as well as a record profit.
Both of Liverpool’s first teams
had been taken on last year’s pre-
season tour to the United States,
but their treatment had been so
different that many of the wom-
Far from being on
a level playing field
compared to the men.
en’s players wondered why they
had been invited at all. Once the
Liverpool women returned to
England, they were playing their
home games at Tranmere, on a
field once described by the
Chelsea coach Emma Hayes as a
stain on the club.
What seemed to capture the di-
chotomy best, though, was the
fact that when Liverpool unveiled
plans for the club’s new training
facility, it did not contain provi-
sions for both the men’s and the
women’s teams. Peter Moore, the
club’s chief executive, has de-
scribed Liverpool as “two teams,
one club.” Reality has made that
look like a hollow slogan.
As the criticism of its treatment
of its women’s team built over the
course of the season — its strug-
gles painted in sharp relief by the
concurrent success of the men —
Liverpool offered a partial rebut-
tal. The club contended that its
budget, while less than Chelsea,
Manchester City and Arsenal’s, is
competitive with the top half of
the W.S.L.
It said that it provided Jepson
with a full-time doctor, physio-
therapist and analyst, still not
standard among top-flight teams
in England. And though the issues
with the field at Tranmere have
caused embarrassment and con-
sternation, the club is adamant it
is still a better class of facility than
many women’s teams have access
to.
But Liverpool also asks its
women’s team — to some extent
— to be self-sustaining. While the
women’s team’s budget is subsi-
dized by income from the men’s
game, Liverpool’s owner, Fenway
Sports Group, has made clear that
to spend more, it must generate
more.
It is, at least, a consistent phi-
losophy — and one that F.S.G. ap-
plies to the men, too — but it gets
to the heart of a crucial question
for women’s soccer in Europe:
How can it reach a point where it
can exist, comfortably, independ-
ent of the financial support of
long-established men’s teams?
The theory, though, falls down
when it confronts reality. There is
a difference not just of scale, but of
context. The men’s game is at the
peak of its earning power. The
women’s professional game is still
on the ascent: There is a need to
speculate to accumulate. Besides,
an increase in budget that would
barely cause a ripple for a men’s
team can have a sizable effect on a
women’s side.
There is a small but fervent following for the team, which has
chosen to develop its own talent over signing big names. Several
players have left since the season ended; at least one former
player accused Liverpool of “playing at” women’s soccer.
Most of Liverpool’s rivals have
realized that. The W.S.L., Jepson
said, has “stepped on to another
level.”
“Sam Kerr, one of the best strik-
ers in the world, came into
Chelsea for a big wedge of cash,”
Jepson noted. “A lot of players that
have played on a World Cup plat-
form have come into the league.
That is what you have to do if you
want to compete with the best.”
Instead, she said, Liverpool had
decided that its future lay not in
buying stars, but producing them.
That was how she saw her job:
“Creating a pathway so that we
can be where we want to be.”
In the crowd that day against
Blackburn, Stephen Nelson sat
alongside his father, Stan. Stephen
Nelson is a tour guide at John
Lennon’s house, and over the last
few years has transferred much of
the affection he has always had for
Liverpool’s men’s team onto its
women’s side. Now, given the
choice, he says he will go and
watch the women’s team, for all its
struggles, over Klopp’s relentless,
victorious machine.
The crowd for Blackburn’s visit
numbered no more than a couple
of hundred. The game had been
moved from Tranmere — the field
was in no fit state to play again —
to Bamber Bridge, a small, sleepy
town in Lancashire, with a sta-
dium that is home to a team in the
seventh tier of English men’s soc-
cer.
Nelson, though, was boisterous.
He is a part of Liverpool’s unoffi-
cial “choir,” and spends much of
his time adapting chants more fre-
quently heard for the men’s team
at Anfield so they fit the women’s
side. The last couple of years have
been a test of his faith.
“I’ve seen great players playing
for Liverpool,” he said. “Teams
with a real identity, a real soul.
What has happened has been
heartbreaking to see.”
That day, Nelson was confident
the worst might be averted. So,
too, was Jepson. She acknowl-
edged that she had experienced
frustrations over the previous few
months, but she thought that the
club had at last happened upon a
clearer direction. “We have done a
lot of work to ask where we are go-
ing,” she said.
A few months later, they have
their answer, and it is a wonder, re-
ally, that they could not see it com-
ing.

COLLEGE BASKETBALL

Top Recruit Sticks With Oklahoma State, Despite Ban

By ADAM ZAGORIA
When the N.C.A.A. barred the
Oklahoma State men’s basketball
program from the 2020-21 post-
season as part of a series of penal-
ties earlier this month, it suddenly
thrust Cade Cunningham into a
state of limbo.
Cunningham, a 6-foot-7 point
guard from Arlington, Texas, who
is ranked among the top players in
his high school class, could have
remained committed to Oklahoma
State, where his brother Cannen
Cunningham is an assistant
coach. It would mean sticking it
out with a program that would
miss the N.C.A.A. tournament in
what figured to be his lone season
in college. He could have asked
out of his national letter of intent
and transferred to a blue-blood
program, like Kentucky. Or he
could have gone the professional
route, signing with the N.B.A. G
League or playing overseas be-
fore entering a draft in which he
could be the first pick.
After staying in touch for the
last two weeks with Oklahoma
State Coach Mike Boynton, Cun-
ningham made his plans official
through a video he posted on Twit-
ter: He will play for the Cowboys
this coming season.
“Now more than ever, I’m loyal
and true,” he said Monday. “I’m
committed. Stillwater. Let’s
work.”
Oklahoma State’s penalty on
June 5 came after Lamont Evans,
a former assistant coach, pleaded
guilty in federal court to accepting
$22,000 in bribes to funnel players
to a financial adviser. The univer-
sity argued that Evans operated
as a lone wolf and did so only for
personal gain — not to give the
program any competitive advan-
tage — and that the violations
should not have been classified as
Level 1, the most severe category.
The penalties could be an omi-
nous sign for other universities
that were a part of the federal col-
lege basketball corruption scan-
dal, including Kansas, Arizona
and Louisville. During the case,
witnesses testified in federal court
that money was funneled by
agents and shoe company repre-
sentatives to college players and
their families.
The university had until Satur-
day to make its appeal, which
could provide a stay for penalties
that include the loss of three schol-
arships over the next three sea-
sons, a $10,000 fine plus 1 percent
of the basketball budget, and a
host of recruiting restrictions,
many of which were self-imposed.
Boynton said he was hoping the
appeal would be successful and
his team would not face a postsea-
son ban. The Cowboys have also
put together a difficult nonconfer-
ence schedule that includes
games against Virginia Tech, Mar-
quette, Wichita State and a loaded
field at the Charleston Classic.
“We’re just going to proceed
like we normally would, like we
don’t have a postseason ban, we
don’t have a scholarship reduc-
tion, until the appeal is final and
we lose it,” Boynton said in a
phone interview.
Boynton said he had no idea
when a ruling would come be-
cause the N.C.A.A. decision-mak-
ing process is “stalled” by the co-
ronavirus pandemic. There’s a
possibility, he said, that Oklahoma
State could play its season before
knowing the outcome.
“They’re not doing cases right
now at all, so when they’re going
to resume that, I don’t know,” he
said.
In addition to Cunningham,
Boynton said, Oklahoma State
will retain its other recruits.
“Oh, it’s awesome,” he said.
“Cade is a transcendent talent. He
could be an N.B.A. guy now. I
mean, he’s got real, real ability.
Those are the type of guys that
can truly elevate your program
from being a middle-tier team to
being a national contender, so it
means a lot.”
New York State
Houses for Sale 1791
New York State
St. Lawrence River
Home for sale in Northern New
York/St. Lawrence River. A unique res-
idence located in the country with
majestic river views. 7.6 acres adjacent
to state land preserve. 4 bedrooms, 4
baths, hardwood throughout; bonus ex-
ercise studio, finished basement, in-
floor heating. (4552 sq.ft.) Also a 2 bed-
room in-law apartment on the property
(1482 sq.ft.) A great summer location;
with winter activities at your back door.
Close to Montreal, Ottawa and Lake
Placid. Three Rivers SB315-769-2791
Florida
FLORIDA
2012 Custom Built South Miami/Coral Minority/Female/Disability/Veteran.
Gables home. Features over 7K square KPMG maintains a drug-free work-
feet, a 6/6, plus maids quarter, a 2 car place. 2020 KPMG LLP, a Delaware li-
garage, Top of the line finishes, near mited liability partnership & the U.S.
UM. Raoul @ REMAX 305-788-5309
Help Wanted 2600
Advisory: KPMG LLP seeks Directors
to join us in our New York, NY office.
Positions require bach deg or foreign
equiv. from an accred. college/univer-
sity in Comp. Sci. or a related field + 7
yrs exp in the offered position or a re-
lated occupation. Employer will accept
a masters deg + 3 yrs exp in lieu of a
bach deg + 7 yrs exp. Any suitable
combo of edu/training/exp is acceptab-
le. 3 yrs exp must incl using Cyber Se-
curity, incl DFS 500, GLBA, GDPR,
CCPA, FFIEC standards, NIST Cyber
security, and Cyber maturity assess-
ments; BCBS 239; AML transaction mo-
nitoring audits; AWS; Google cloud;
FFIEC standards; Hyperion; Cognos.
Interested? Apply online at
http://us-jobs.kpmg.com/careers/
FindALocation & type requisition num-
ber 49775 in the keyword search box.
Should you have any difficulty in apply-
ing for this position through our web-
site, please contact:
us-hrscatsadmin@kpmg.com for assis-
tance in the application process. If of-
fered employment, must have legal
right to work in the U.S. EOE. KPMG
offers a comprehensive compensation
& benefits package. No phone calls or
agencies please. KPMG Affirmative
Action, Equal Opportunity Employer,
member firm of the KPMG network of
independent member firms affiliated
with KPMG International Cooperative
(”KPMG International”), a Swiss entity.
All rights reserved.
B12 N THE NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
Shirley Siegel, Top Civil Rights Lawyer Undaunted by Snubs, Dies at 101
By SAM ROBERTS
Shirley A. Siegel, who as a top
law school graduate overcame re-
jections by 40 male-dominated
law firms before forging a career
as a leading civil rights lawyer, ar-
guing cases before the Supreme
Court and becoming New York
State’s first female solicitor gen-
eral, died on Monday at her home
in Manhattan. She was 101.
Her daughter, Ann B. Siegel,
said the cause was complications
of a stroke suffered a few weeks
ago.
Ms. Siegel found her calling in
life early, deciding at age 5 that
she would become a lawyer before
she even knew what a lawyer was.
But once she started practicing
law, she kept at it for more than 70
years, compiling a long list of
achievements, notably in chal-
lenging racial discrimination by
construction unions, landlords
and developers.
Ms. Siegel organized New York
State’s newly created Civil Rights
Bureau in 1959 under the newly
elected State Attorney General
Louis J. Lefkowitz (a Republican
who selected her even though she
was a Democrat). She served un-
der Mayor John V. Lindsay of New
York as general counsel of the
Housing and Development Ad-
ministration, where she helped
draft the Rent Stabilization Law.
And she returned to Albany in
1979 when Attorney General
Robert Abrams named her solici-
tor general, the official responsi-
ble for rendering opinions and ar-
guing appeals of court decisions
involving the state. She remained
in that post until 1982.
Ms. Siegel regarded as one of
her greatest accomplishments the
blow she made in the Civil Rights
Bureau against discrimination by
organized labor in the building
trades. Until then an applicant for
union membership first had to
have worked as an apprentice, a
position typically granted on the
basis of nepotism.
Investigations by the attorney
general’s office culminated in an
official complaint before the State
Commission Against Discrimina-
tion, leading the United States
Justice Department and other
agencies to begin inquiries into
the practices of a number of un-
ions.
In 1975, for example, a federal
judge ordered Local 28 of the
4,000-member Sheet Metal Work-
ers International Association to
end “a history of discrimination”
and admit more minority-group
members into its ranks and its ap-
prentice program.
As a state official, Ms. Siegel
sought to carry out the Supreme
Court’s guarantee that poor peo-
ple were entitled to legal repre-
sentation, and she found that in-
surance companies and banks
Eula Bingham, 90, OSHA Director
Who Curbed Hazardous Chemicals
By KATHARINE Q. SEELYE
Eula Bingham, a toxicologist
who energized the Occupational
Safety and Health Administration
as its director and set stringent
standards to protect workers from
hazardous materials, died on June
13 in Cincinnati. She was 90.
She was nearing completion of
chemotherapy treatments for
cancer when she suffered a pul-
monary embolism and cardiac
collapse and died in a hospital, her
daughter Martha Mattheis said.
Dr. Bingham was appointed di-
rector of OSHA by President
Jimmy Carter in 1977. During her
tenure the agency adopted more
regulatory standards on harmful
chemicals — including benzene,
cotton dust and lead — than any
previous administration had and
more than most have since.
Under so-called right-to-know
regulations, employers had to in-
form workers about any hazard-
ous chemicals they were working
with, and manufacturers had to
list those chemicals on containers.
Dr. Bingham was forced to fend off
lawsuits by companies that did
not want to disclose such informa-
tion.
“Workers have a right to expect
they won’t be killed on their jobs,”
Dr. Bingham told The Washington
Post in 1977.
When she took over OSHA, the
agency was something of a laugh-
ingstock for having promulgated
thousands of rules that had little to
do with making workplaces safer.
They required that toilet seats
have open fronts, for example,
and that telephone linemen use
tool belts with no more than four
tool loops.
In an effort to pursue what
President Carter called “common
sense priorities,” Dr. Bingham
eliminated more than 1,000 regu-
lations that she considered “nit-
picking” and that industry re-
garded as a nuisance. This freed
the agency’s inspectors to focus
on serious threats — to go after
whales, not minnows, in the parl-
ance of the day.
“She put OSHA on the map,” Dr.
Philip Landrigan, a friend who
worked with her in government
had favored job applicants who
were white, Christian and male —
a determination that compelled
them to begin opening up their
hiring practices.
As a volunteer lawyer for the
New York Civil Liberties Union,
Ms. Siegel drafted a brief support-
ing Japanese-Americans who, in a
case before the United States Su-
preme Court, were challenging
their internment at the outbreak
of World War II.
Ms. Siegel argued cases before
the Supreme Court twice, both
times successfully. In the first, in
1963, she defended New York’s
anti-discrimination law in case in-
volving a black pilot’s suit against
a national airline. In the second
case, in 1980, the justices upheld a
law for which she had argued that
authorized the use of state funds
to reimburse nonpublic schools
for state-required services like
starting in 1979, said in an inter-
view. “She was a strong-willed
woman who understood the
levers of government.”
In her campaign for workplace
safety Dr. Bingham clashed with
business, Congress and even fel-
low members of the Carter admin-
istration, though she usually had
the backing of the president. Per-
haps her hardest-fought battle
was over cotton dust, which
threatened the health of Southern
textile workers, many of them
poor, black and nonunion.
Dr. Bingham wanted to lower
the acceptable levels of cotton
dust, but mill owners opposed her.
“There was a pitched battle
fought in the Oval Office in front of
Jimmy Carter,” Dr. Landrigan
said. Dr. Bingham and Ray Mar-
shall, the labor secretary, pushed
Bringing to life
regulatory standards
for benzene and lead.
for the new standard while Mr.
Carter’s economic advisers ar-
gued against it, saying it would
hurt business.
Finally, Dr. Landrigan said,
President Carter walked over,
grinned, put his arm around Dr.
Bingham and said, “I am with
Eula on this one.”
As a Washington bureaucrat,
Dr. Bingham achieved a rare level
of notoriety. In 1979, she appeared
in The Washington Star’s cross-
word puzzle. “OSHA Lady” read
the clue for 39 Across, seeking a
four-letter answer.
With the election of Ronald Rea-
gan in 1980, Dr. Bingham was out,
and his administration proceeded
to dismantle many of the regula-
tions and safeguards she had put
in place.
But even without her federal
perch, she persisted, working
with state legislators, labor un-
ions and consumer groups to im-
plement safety regulations at the
state and local levels.
testing and recording attendance.
Ms. Siegal had been no stranger
to discrimination herself, on two
fronts. After graduating fourth in
a class of 125 from Yale Law
School in 1941 — her classmates
included a future president, Ger-
ald R. Ford; a future Supreme
Court justice, Potter Stewart; and
the future founding director of the
Peace Corps, R. Sargent Shriver
— 40 law firms rejected her job ap-
plication, despite an unsolicited
endorsement from Arthur L.
Corbin, a Yale professor.
“Anyone who employs her in le-
gal work will have reason to be
thankful to us,” Professor Corbin
wrote. “And she needs help to get
a starting job, first because she is
a girl, and second because she is
Jewish. There is no reason for the
slightest hesitation on either
ground.”
She was finally hired, by
Eula Lee Bingham was born on
July 9, 1929, in Covington, Ky.,
across the Ohio River from Cincin-
nati. Her father, Arthur Bingham,
was a railroad worker who lost his
job during the Depression and be-
came a farmer in Burlington, Ky.,
about 15 miles to the southwest.
Her mother, Frieda (Sperl) Bing-
ham, a nurse and phone operator,
also worked the farm, where the
couple produced most of their
food and where Eula grew up.
She went on to major in biology
and chemistry at Eastern Ken-
tucky University. After graduat-
ing in 1951, she was hired as an an-
alytical chemist by the Hilton-Da-
vis Chemical Company in Cincin-
nati, where, she said in a 2018 oral
history, she became familiar with
the dangers that many workers
face.
She went to graduate school at
the University of Cincinnati,
where she did pioneering re-
search on carcinogens while
studying in the toxicology divi-
sion (which became the depart-
ment of environmental health at
the university’s College of Medi-
cine). She earned her master’s in
physiology in 1954 and her doctor-
ate in zoology in 1958.
Dr. Bingham’s lab research in-
cluded testing chemicals sent by
companies that wanted to know
their carcinogenic effects. At one
company, which used benzene-
based dyes, the lab found that al-
most half the workers had some
form of bladder cancer. In another
case, the lab found that the cutting
fluid used in a manufacturing
process caused skin cancer.
With her findings gaining no-
tice, she became a sought-after
consultant and expert witness in
lawsuits involving worker safety.
This attracted the attention of la-
bor unions. Dr. Bingham was soon
appointed to federal worker-
safety advisory committees that
were examining carcinogens and
emissions from coke ovens.
When Mr. Carter was elected in
1976, he asked labor unions to rec-
ommend potential directors for
OSHA. Dr. Bingham’s name rose
to the top.
Although she worked in Wash-
ington for more than three years,
VIA SIEGEL FAMILY
The first woman to be
solicitor general of
New York State.
Proskauer, Rose & Paskus, a
largely Jewish firm, becoming its
first female lawyer.
But those 40 cold shoulders had
been nothing new to Ms. Siegel.
She had entered Yale Law School
in 1938 as the only woman in her
class.
“I came to my first class and no-
body would sit next to me,” she
said.
Shirley Adelson was born on
July 3, 1918, in the South Bronx to
Jewish immigrants from Lithua-
nia. Her father, Henry, owned a
clothing store. Her mother, Rose
(Zagor) Adelson, worked as a
seamstress but mostly as a home-
THOMAS J. O’HALLORAN, WHITE HOUSE PHOTO, VIA THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES/UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
she never moved there. None of
her predecessors had lasted more
than a year, and she figured she
might not, either.
By then, she and her husband,
Helmut Mattheis, had divorced,
and her three teenage daughters
were living in Cincinnati with
other family members. She com-
muted home on weekends, when
Shirley A. Siegel, in an undated photo, left, and in 2010, above,
challenged racial discrimination and argued cases before the Su-
preme Court. Early on, 40 male-dominated law firms rejected her.
maker.
The family left to live in Tren-
ton, N.J., when Shirley was an in-
fant, then boarded a Pennsylvania
Railroad train and moved to Man-
hattan when she was 5. On that
train ride north, she recalled, she
got to talking to a stranger seated
next to her.
“When I got back to the city
with the family, what they talked
about the rest of that day was that
I had spoken to this stranger for
the whole two hours, and they
said, ‘She is such a chatterbox, she
should be a lawyer,” Ms. Siegel
told the American Bar Associa-
tion’s Commission on Women in
the Profession in 2006.
“Well, I then entered kindergar-
ten, and the teacher asked us what
we wanted to be,” she added. “I
said that day in kindergarten that
I wanted to be a lawyer, without
knowing any lawyers and having
absolutely no idea what this was
all about.”
Her response distinguished her
in elementary school as “the girl
who wanted to be a lawyer.”
“So this was a very odd way to
choose a career,” she said.
Ms. Siegel was a month shy of
her 15th birthday when she gradu-
ated from George Washington
High School in Upper Manhattan
as class valedictorian. Shen then
enrolled at Barnard College,
where she became an acolyte of
Raymond Moley, the Columbia
University professor and New
Deal adviser to President Frank-
lin D. Roosevelt.
A part-time job with a New Deal
program, the New York Legisla-
tive Service, led to a lifetime com-
mitment, both in government and
as a public-interest lawyer, to
fighting discrimination by land-
lords and developers.
After earning her degree in gov-
ernment at Barnard, Ms. Siegel
won a fellowship to the London
School of Economics, where she
DENVER POST/DENVER POST, VIA GETTY IMAGES
she would cook up batches of
meals and freeze them for her
daughters to eat during the week.
In addition to her daughter
Martha, she is survived by her
two other daughters, Julia and
Helen Mattheis; and two grand-
daughters.
After Reagan’s election, Dr.
Bingham returned to the Univer-
RUBY WASHINGTON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
was mentored by Harold J. Laski,
the English political theorist and
Labor Party chairman. It was he
who recommended that she apply
to Yale Law School. (He lent her
the $50 application fee, which she
repaid.)
After law school, she married
Elwood Siegel, a documentary
filmmaker, and moved to Califor-
nia in 1946. They returned to New
York in 1950; he died in 1994. In
addition to their daughter, she is
survived by a son, Eric; and a
grandson. In 1997, she married a
former college boyfriend, Prof.
Henry Fagin; he died in 2009.
Jill Norgren, the author of
“Stories From Trailblazing Wom-
en Lawyers” (2018), said Ms.
Siegel’s “intelligence, along with
her persistence and ambition, per-
mitted her to break any number of
barriers in the legal profession as
a young woman and as a Jewish
woman.”
Ms. Siegel, she added, “was im-
portant for showing women that
they could shape careers similar
to those of male lawyers, going
back-and-forth between the pub-
lic and private sectors.”
Ms. Siegel continued practicing
into her 90s, working on a New
York City Bar Justice Center
project to prevent mortgage fore-
closures in the aftermath of the
2008 recession. Last year she was
awarded Barnard’s Medal of Dis-
tinction for her “trailblazing civil
rights and fair housing” work.
In her New York City Bar Asso-
ciation biography, Ms. Siegel ex-
plained how she had achieved her
childhood goal of becoming a law-
yer.
“You get to realize in so many
different settings the importance
of understanding the facts, getting
skeptical if what you’re being told
doesn’t hang together,” she said.
“It just applies to everything. And,
of course, hard work. Everything
is hard work.”
Eula Bingham with President
Jimmy Carter in 1977, and at
left in 1980. “She put OSHA
on the map,” a colleague said.
sity of Cincinnati and served as
vice president of research and
graduate studies there from 1981
to 1990. She continued to be active
in worker safety. When the tanker
Exxon Valdez spilled 11 million
gallons of crude oil in Prince
William Sound in 1989, the gover-
nor of Alaska called Dr. Bingham
to make sure that cleanup work-
ers had been properly trained and
safely outfitted.
She also turned her attention to
the Oak Ridge National Laborato-
ry in Tennessee where workers in-
volved in the production of nucle-
ar weapons and reactors had been
exposed to radiation, mercury
and other hazardous materials for
almost a half-century. She devel-
oped a novel method for recon-
structing their past exposures,
based on blueprints of buildings
and worker interviews. Her find-
ings led the federal government to
set up a national screening pro-
gram for workers.
In a reminiscence in 2015, Presi-
dent Carter said of Dr. Bingham,
“I could always count on her for
sound and direct advice, with the
well-being of the American
worker foremost in her mind.”
 THE NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 N B13

Jean Raspail, 94, Writer

Cited by Far Right, Dies
By ELIAN PELTIER
Jean Raspail, an award-win-
ning author best known for “The
Camp of the Saints,” a novel that
envisions a takeover of the West-
ern world by immigrants from de-
veloping countries and that was
embraced as a cautionary tale by
white supremacists, far-right po-
litical figures and a member of the
Trump administration, died on
June 14 in Paris. He was 94.
His death, at a hospital, was
confirmed by one of his publish-
ers, Éditions des Équateurs. His
funeral on Wednesday at the
Church of Saint-Roch in central
An immigration novel
white supremacists see
as a cautionary tale.
Paris drew more than 1,000 peo-
ple, including many conservative
public figures.
Mr. Raspail, a writer initially
known for his travelogues, influ-
enced generations of far-right
readers with “The Camp of the
Saints” (1973), in which he de-
scribes in denigrating detail how a
million frazzled migrants from In-
dia reach the French Riviera and
eventually take over the country.
For decades, its most fervent
readers have declared it a proph-
ecy of the extinction of Western
white populations by vast num-
bers of newer arrivals, a theory
known among white suprema-
cists today as “the great replace-
ment.” (The term was popularized
by another French writer, Renaud
Camus.)
In New Zealand, the man who
killed 51 people at two mosques
this year named his manifesto
“The Great Replacement.” And
the shooter in the El Paso, Texas,
massacre that left 20 dead last Au-
gust mentioned the theory in a
four-page screed he had written.
Mr. Raspail “was one of the last
members of the old, reactionary
right in France, and his death is
seen as a major loss for those cir-
cles,” said Jean-Yves Camus, an
expert on extremist movements
(and no relation to Renaud Ca-
mus).
“The Camp of the Saints”
gained attention in the United
States last year, when it was re-
vealed that as a Senate aide before
Mr. Trump became president,
Stephen Miller, now the presi-
dent’s immigration adviser, had
written approvingly of the novel in
emails to an editor at the right-
wing website Breitbart.
The former Trump strategist
Steve Bannon also once asserted
that European countries were
confronted with an “invasion” that
resembled the one described in
“The Camp of the Saints.”
Mr. Camus told The New York
Times in November, “People now
buy ‘The Camp of the Saints’ be-
cause they want to read the book
written by the writer who saw
what would happen before every-
body else.”
Jean Raspail was born on July
5, 1925, in Chemillé-sur-Dême,
France, and spent his youth roam-
ing North and South America, of-
ten in the footsteps of French ex-
plorers of the 17th and 19th cen-
turies. He published his first trav-
elogue, based on a trek from
Tierra del Fuego to Alaska, in
1952.
He published dozens of travel
books and fictional works set in
Japan, the French West Indies, the
Levant and Latin America. His
novel “I, Antoine de Tounens,
King of Patagonia” received the
Académie Française grand prize
in 1981. He was awarded its grand
prize for literature, for his body of
work, in 2003.
Yet it is “The Camp of the
Saints,” which The Times and oth-
ers have called a racist novel, that
has become most closely associ-
ated with him. The novel dehu-
manizes the migrants, portraying
them not as distinct individuals
The French writer Jean Raspail in 1995. He described himself as “right-wing, even right-right-
wing.” Admirers of his work have included Stephen Miller, President Trump’s immigration adviser.
but rather as a mass of microbes,
or rats. “To let them in would de-
stroy us,” the narrator says. “To
reject them would destroy them.”
The migrants occupy houses
owned by white citizens, kill fac-
tory owners who had hired them,
and rape white women and girls.
The plot extends beyond France:
In London, the white population
leaves the city in trains while mil-
lions of dark-skinned people camp
in the streets. In New York City,
the mayor has to share his official
residence with black families. In
crude, racist terms, the narrator
describes how a “black flood”
reaches global Western cities.
Although Mr. Raspail repeat-
edly denied being a racist, he said
he would not change a line of the
book. In the magazine Le Point in
2015, he described himself as
“right-wing, even right-right-
wing.”
The novel was not markedly
successful early on. When it was
published in the United States in
1975, a Times review compared
reading it to “being trapped at a
cocktail party with a normal-ook-
ing fellow who suddenly starts a
perfervid racist diatribe.”
A new edition of “The Camp of
the Saints,” published in France in
2011, became a best seller. Since
LOUIS MONIER/GAMMA-RAPHO, VIA GETTY IMAGES
then the us-vs.-them rhetoric has
reached new readerships, many
of them young, as Europe has
faced a wave of immigration start-
ing in 2015. In one of his last public
appearances, in October, Mr. Ras-
pail drew hundreds of fans for a
book signing at a Parisian book-
shop that promotes conservative
writers.
In a foreword to the 2011 edition,
he wrote that he was a “Français
de souche, and proud to be so,” us-
ing an expression that, roughly
translated, means people of
French stock or of white Euro-
pean descent, a term often used in
far-right circles. He predicted that
Mr. Raspail dehumanized
immigrants in his 1973 book.
the “white race” would be over-
whelmed in the 2040s or 2050s.
He is survived by his wife,
Aliette; a son, Quentin; a daugh-
ter, Marion; two grandchildren;
and five great-grandchildren.
His funeral on Wednesday was
one of the first large-scale gather-
ings in Paris since France eased
measures to contain the spread of
the coronavirus.
Marine Le Pen, the leader of the
far-right party National Rally, has
often cited “The Camp of the
Saints” as a source of inspiration,
having read it when she was 18,
she s aid. On the day of Mr. Ras-
pail’s death, she urged her Twitter
followers to read the book, or to
read it again.
For many of his supporters,
what distinguished Mr. Raspail
was not his xenophobia but the
myth he had created around the
territory of Patagonia, which
spans Chile and Argentina. (He
had jokingly declared himself con-
sul general of it.)
“He had created his own world
and community through his books
in Patagonia,” said a longtime
friend, Philippe de Villiers, a con-
servative writer and the founder
of Le Puy du Fou, a historical
theme park in western France. He
added, “He knew that what mat-
ters for a population is its col-
lective imagination.”

Steve Bing, 55, Real Estate Heir Who Put His New York Fortune Into Hollywood
By AUSTIN RAMZY
and RACHEL ABRAMS
Steve Bing, a real estate heir
who became a Hollywood
producer and film financier, died
on Monday in Los Angeles after
jumping from the balcony of his
27th-floor apartment. He was 55.
The Los Angeles County coro-
ner confirmed his death.
The Los Angeles police said of-
ficers arrived at the scene, on
Santa Monica Boulevard in Cen-
tury City, at 1 p.m. and pronounced
a man in his 50s there dead. It did
not release his name or details of
the death. But a police official who
was not authorized to comment
publicly said a man who had
jumped from the condominium
building balcony was identified as
Mr. Bing.
An heir to a New York real es-
tate fortune, Mr. Bing started a
production company and was in-
volved in a producing and financ-
ing a number of popular films, in-
cluding “Get Carter,” a 2000 action
thriller with Sylvester Stallone.
Mr. Bing was a donor to pro-
gressive and Democratic political
causes and a friend of former
President Bill Clinton’s. He had
given at least $10 million to the
Clinton Foundation.
“I loved Steve Bing very much,”
Mr. Clinton wrote on Twitter after
the death. “He had a big heart, and
he was willing to do anything he
could for the people and causes he
believed in.”
Mr. Bing’s romantic relation-
ship with the British actress Eliza-
beth Hurley became tabloid fod-
der in 2001 after he had ques-
tioned whether he was the father
of a child she had given birth to; a
DNA test confirmed that he was.
Writing on Instagram early
Tuesday, Ms. Hurley said she was
“saddened beyond belief” by his
death. She wrote that she and Mr.
Bing had become close again over
the last year.
Stephen Leo Bing was born on
March 31, 1965, in New York City
to Helen Bing, a nurse, and Peter
Bing, a medical doctor. When
Steve Bing with the actress Elizabeth Hurley in 2001. Their rela-
tionship became tabloid fodder that year over a paternity dispute.
Stephen turned 18, he inherited a
fortune from his grandfather Leo
S. Bing, a New York real estate de-
veloper for whom a theater at the
Los Angeles County Museum of
JIM RUYMEN/REUTERS
Art is named.
Mr. Bing attended Harvard
Westlake, a private school in Los
Angeles, and reportedly co-wrote
his first screenplay, “Missing in
Becoming involved
in producing and
financing films.
Action,” before graduating from
high school. The script eventually
turned into a film starring Chuck
Norris.
Mr. Bing enrolled at Stanford
University but dropped out before
graduating to pursue a career in
entertainment, starting his pro-
duction company, Shangri-La En-
tertainment, and co-writing the
screenplay to the 2003 comedy
“Kangaroo Jack,” produced by
Jerry Bruckheimer.
Mr. Bing also helped finance
“The Polar Express,” a motion-
capture animated film that
starred Tom Hanks, and produced
“Shine a Light,” Martin Scorsese’s
2008 documentary about the
Rolling Stones.
More recently, he partnered
with several other Hollywood fi-
nanciers — including Ron Burkle,
Arnon Milchan and Brett Ratner
— to finance “Rules Don’t Apply,”
a 2016 film written, produced and
directed by Warren Beatty, who
also starred in it as Howard
Hughes.
In 2009, Mr. Bing helped in the
return of two American journalist
from North Korea. He owned the
plane that flew the journalists,
Laura Ling and Euna Lee, back to
the United States with Mr. Clinton,
who had traveled to Pyongyang to
win their release.
Mr. Bing is survived by his son
with Ms. Hurley, Damian, and a
daughter, Kira, from his marriage
to Lisa Bonder, which ended in di-
vorce.
If you are having thoughts of
suicide, call the National Suicide
Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-
8255 (TALK) or go to SpeakingOf
Suicide.com/resources for a list of
additional resources.

Deaths Deaths Deaths

Cohen, Sylvia Greenbaum, Sol
Goodman, Michael Simon, Harlan
St. Jeanos, John
COHEN—Sylvia. GREENBAUM—Sol.
UJA-Federation of New York We Here at Jacques M. Levy
mourns the passing of & CO., LLP are saddened by
Sylvia Cohen, beloved moth- the passing of our partner, Sol
er and mother-in-law of our Greenbaum. His tireless ef-
friends Robert and Louise forts for over 70 years at
Cohen. Her legacy lives on in Jacques M. Levy & CO. LLP
their unwavering commit- were an inspiration for all of
ment of leadership and gene- us. we offer our condolences
rosity within the Jewish com- to his wife, children and
munity. We extend our deep- grandchildren and the other
est condolences to the entire members of his family, part-
family. ners and staff.
Amy A. B. Bressman, Jacques M. Levy & CO., LLP
President;
David L. Moore, SIMON—Harlan.
Chair of the Board; Harlan Simon, beloved son,
Eric S. Goldstein, CEO brother, husband, father, and
uncle, died on June 22 at
home with his family around
him. Survived by his wife
GOODMAN—Michael Louis. Eden, children Nathaniel, Ja-
Lou. Brilliant, extraordinary cob, and Rebecca, father,
teacher. Parsons School of Morton, sister Leslie, niece
Design. Pratt Institute.
and nephew Jonathan (Step-
Peter Minthorn hanie) and Rachel. Graduate
of Columbia University and
the Wharton School of Busi-
ness. He loved his family,
friends, Sal's Pizza, and his
NY Giants. He chose to live
each day fully and on his own
terms. He was and is an in-
spiration to us all. A fund has
been set up in his memory
http://mskcc.convio.net/goto
/InLovingMemoryofHarlan -
Simon
ST. JEANOS—John C.
The partners, associates,
counsel and staff of the firm,
Herrick, Feinstein LLP, ex-
press profound sorrow on the
untimely passing of our part-
ner, friend and colleague,
John C. St. Jeanos. John
served our law firm for over
26 years with great distinction
as a real estate partner. John
loved being a lawyer, had a
genuine intellectual passion
for the law and was beloved
by all the clients he served
because of his dedication and
conscientious devotion to ev-
ery matter he worked on.
John lived a life marked by
integrity and unconditional
love for his beloved wife,
Kathleen, and their three
children, of whom, and of
whose accomplishments, he
was so very proud, Thomas,
Jennifer and Matthew. John
loved nothing more than be-
ing with his family, be it bar-
becuing for them, taking hun-
dreds of creative photos or
just being together. John was
full of life, a steadfast friend
and all around bon vivant. He
was well tempered by a na-
tural warmth, gregarious,
friendly and blessed with a
great sense of humor. Be-
cause he was so caring and
thoughtful he made for a
great mentor and everyone,
most particularly our support
staff, loved working with
John. We express our deep-
est sympathies to his adored
wife and children and to all
the other members of his fa-
mily. We know that they will
remain forever enriched by
his life, just as we all will.
In Memoriam
BRODSKY—Judith.
Years gone — but precious
memories and love remain -
Forever, Grace and Ruth
SIMON—Jay S.
3/06/37-6/24/06
To the love of my life.
I am truly blessed.
Jo-Ann
B14 N THE NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
Those We’ve Lost
Faces From the Coronavirus Pandemic
Paulinho Paiakan, 67
Indigenous Leader and Rainforest Defender
By MICHAEL ASTOR
Paulinho Paiakan was working for the
Brazilian government helping surveyors
plot the route of the Trans-Amazon High-
way through sometimes hostile Indigenous
territory. Then the bulldozers and paving
machines arrived and he understood the
destruction they would bring. He quit his
job to become one of the rainforest’s
staunchest and best-known defenders.
As an example of an early exploit, Mr. Pa-
iakan in the 1970s organized hundreds of
elaborately painted and feathered warriors
to face down wildcat miners and loggers in-
tent on invading the lands of his Kayapo
people, who live in the Amazon states of
Para and Mato Grosso. He was instrumen-
tal in establishing his tribe’s 11-million-acre
reservation, where some 9,000 Kayapo con-
tinue their traditional way of life with only
minor concessions to the modern world.
Mr. Paiakan later helped convince the
government to shelve plans for a hydro-
electric dam in the region. He also took part
in a successful effort to introduce protec-
tions for Indigenous people into Brazil’s
1988 Constitution, which remain some of
the world’s strongest.
Mr. Paiakan died on June 17 in a hospital
in Redenção, in Brazil’s Para State. He was
67. The cause was Covid-19, his daughter
Maial said.
As Brazil’s Covid-19 case count has ex-
ceeded one million and deaths there have
surpassed 50,000, the country has also lost
another Indigenous Amazon leader to the
virus in recent weeks. Messias Kokama, an
advocate of Indigenous people in cities,
died on May 13.
Mr. Paiakan achieved a large measure of
fame in the 1980s. He traveled the world to
warn of the dangers facing the Amazon and
of their impact on global warming, once ap-
pearing alongside the rock star Sting at a
gathering of Indigenous peoples. He ex-
tolled the rainforest’s biodiversity and or-
ganized a deal for the Kayapo to sell nut oils
to the Body Shop, making them one of the
richest Indigenous groups in Brazil. Ridley
Scott was even slated to film a $40 million
John Rankin, 65
Grant Proposal Writer Who Loved Languages
By PENELOPE GREEN
John Rankin loved language. His class-
mates at Phillips Exeter Academy ragged
on him for reading the dictionary. He was a
French major at Wesleyan University, and
tutored his future wife, Lia Ribero, who is
from Colombia, in English, while he learned
Spanish from her by osmosis, as she put it.
He taught himself Portuguese and Am-
haric, an Ethiopian language. He taught his
children, Monica and John, IV, whom he
raised to be bilingual in Spanish and Eng-
lish, to declaim Puck’s soliloquy from “A
Midsummer Night’s Dream” when they
were 5 and 4, and mimed trumpets as they
performed.
When Mr. Rankin had a heart attack and
a series of strokes beginning in 2013 that
damaged the left side of his brain and
robbed him of language and movement on
his right side, it was a particularly cruel
blow.
Yet he was able to attend the graduation
of his daughter Monica in 2018 from the
University of Maryland, Baltimore, and she
could see how proud he was. “He just
looked stoic and happy,” she said.
Mr. Rankin died on May 2 of multi-organ
failure from Covid-19 at the Adventist
Healthcare Shady Grove Medical Center in
Rockville, Md. He was 65. Mr. Rankin tested
positive for the coronavirus in March, Mon-
ica Rankin said.
Lynika Strozier, 35
Researcher Whose ‘Golden Hands’ Extracted Early Plant DNA
By RICHARD SANDOMIR
For the last 15 years of her short life,
Lynika Strozier dedicated herself with in-
creasing fervor to a career in science, much
of it as a researcher at the Field Museum in
Chicago, where she delicately extracted
DNA from early land plants.
“The plants we deal with are often old
and fragile; some are as small as an eye-
lash,” Matt von Konrat, the museum’s head
of botanical collections, said in a phone in-
terview. “Others threw up their hands and
gave up on these experiments. But Lynika
persevered.”
He added, “She had golden hands.”
During her time at the museum, Ms.
Strozier discovered another passion —
mentoring young people — and in January
left to teach ecology and evolution at Mal-
colm X College in Chicago.
She died of complications of Covid-19 on
June 7, the museum said. She was 35.
A GoFundMe campaign has raised more
than $52,000 for her medical and funeral ex-
penses and to establish a scholarship to
support young scientists.
Lynika Sharlice Strozier was born on
Aug. 28, 1984, in Birmingham, Ala., and
moved to Chicago with her mother, Angela
Strozier, when she was a baby. But her
mother’s drug addiction meant that she had
to live mainly with her grandmother
Sharon Wright; Lynika was 9 when Ms.
Wright became her legal guardian. Angela
Strozier died of an overdose in 2005, Ms.
Wright said.
Paulinho Paiakan helped establish his tribe’s 11-million-acre reservation in Brazil.
biopic about him.
But on the eve of the 1992 Earth Summit
in Rio de Janeiro, Mr. Paiakan and his wife,
Irekran, were accused in connection with
the rape of a young woman. Supporters say
the charges were trumped up to silence
him. He was eventually convicted of (non-
sexual) assault and sentenced to prison,
which he avoided by fleeing to his native
village in the rainforest. His sentence was
commuted in 2006, but by then he had been
left destitute and had ceased to be an effec-
tive leader.
“I knew how to organize the people for
the struggle, but after the ’90s, I left the or-
ganizing to others,” he said in a television
interview in 2018. “I used to ask to meet
with officials and be well received, without
pepper spray to the face. Today any protest
is met with tear-gas bombs and pepper
spray.”
VIA RANKIN FAMILY
John Rankin learned several tongues.
He had been living in nursing homes in
recent years because of his disabilities.
John Edwin Rankin III was born on June
27, 1954, in Washington to John Edwin
Rankin, Jr., a veterinarian, and Blanche
Etta (Rowe) Rankin, a bookbinder at the
Pentagon. In addition to his daughter and
son, he is survived by another daughter,
Ana Carolina, and his sister, Maria. His
brother, Paul, died in 2011.
John attended Exeter on a scholarship,
graduating in 1972, and was a mentor to the
other black students there, a small, tight-
knit minority. When his friend Hugo St.
John’s white roommate insulted him with a
Lynika had a severe learning disability
that made math and reading — to herself
and aloud — difficult.
“People would tell me she’s got a learning
disability, go get a Social Security check for
her,” Ms. Wright said in an interview. “I
said: ‘She’s not getting a check. She’s going
to learn.’”
At Ms. Wright’s urging, Lynika worked
with a reading instructor and took summer
classes.
She turned to science in about 2005 at the
suggestion of an administrator at Truman
College in Chicago, where she was a stu-
dent; she was soon working in a lab tending
to a hamster ovary cell line. Research and
experiments, she found, built her confi-
dence as nothing else had.
“It took a while for her to grasp science,
but once she did, Whoa!” Ms. Wright said.
In addition to her grandmother, Ms.
Strozier, who was profiled by The Chicago
Tribune after her death, is survived by a
brother, Marcus.
She started at the Field Museum in 2009
with a summer internship in which she se-
quenced the DNA of lichens; she later did
research on the DNA of ants and birds.
“She was an incredible role model for mi-
nority students and women scientists,” Dr.
von Konrat said.
Ms. Strozier graduated from Dominican
University, outside Chicago, with a bache-
lor’s degree in biology. She then earned two
master’s degrees in 2018, one in biology
from Loyola University Chicago (her thesis
was about the connection between bio-
KAMIKA KISEDJE
According to his people’s practice of us-
ing one name, he was born Bepkaroroti, on
April 19, 1953, in the village of Kubekrakej.
His mother was Ikekrote and his father was
Tchikiri, the local chief. Paulinho Paiakan
was the name given him by Catholic mis-
sionaries who took an interest in him and
brought him to Altamira, a city some 500
miles north, to study, leading him to become
one of the first Kayapo to speak Por-
tuguese.
He is survived by his wife; four daugh-
ters, Maial, O-e, Tania and Iremao, who
were raised in Redenção so they could have
a formal education; and five grandchildren.
His body was flown back to his ancestral
lands and buried to the accompaniment of
traditional songs and dancing on June 18,
although some aspects of the ceremony
were scaled back to prevent the spread of
infection.
slur, John arranged for Hugo to share his
suite. By senior year, John was a proctor;
he was also the head of the kitchen staff, an
early lesson in double consciousness. “A
good number of us were working in the
kitchen,” Mr. St. John said.
Ellis Moss, who was a freshman when
John was a senior, said: “We were fish out of
water — African-Americans in a very un-
African-American environment. He would
say to me, ‘I need you to do more studying.’
It was ingrained in us that we would help
each other. It was not an option for one of us
to fail.”
After he graduated from college, Mr.
Rankin returned to Washington and
worked as a grant proposal writer, Ms.
Ribero said, at organizations like the Edu-
cation Writers Association and the His-
panic Policy Development Project. Later,
he was a freelance proposal writer, working
from home in Maryland.
“His two vices were work and smoking,”
Ms. Ribero said, “and I was worried about
his health and it wasn’t good for the mar-
riage.” The couple divorced in 2011, after
two decades together, but made amends af-
ter his illnesses. An earlier marriage, to
Sara Workeneh, also ended in divorce.
Although Mr. Rankin’s speech became
severely impaired, his singing was perfect;
he could belt out “Hail to the Redskins,” the
fight song for his favorite football team,
with no stumbles.
ERICA ZAHNLE
Lynika Strozier worked at the Field
Museum in Chicago and also taught.
diversity and the geographical distribution
of birds in Madagascar) and another in sci-
ence education from the University of Illi-
nois, Chicago.
“I went from this third grader who could
barely read,” she said in an interview with
Dr. von Konrat in 2018 at an event celebrat-
ing the 125th anniversary of the Field, “to
taking apart science journals, writing a 90-
page master’s thesis and defending and
passing my thesis defense.”
Stephan L. Kamholz, 72
Chair of Medicine at Maimonides Hospital
By JOHN LELAND
Dr. Stephan L. Kamholz was 72,
in a high-risk group for the coro-
navirus, but when the pandemic
hit Maimonides Medical Center in
Brooklyn, where he was chair of
medicine, he got busy on the front
lines.
He ordered extra oxygen tanks
and ventilators and helped or-
chestrate a doubling of the hospi-
tal’s capacity. He taught residents
in small groups because big lec-
tures were too dangerous. It was a
precarious environment, espe-
cially for someone his age, but it
was where Dr. Kamholz thrived.
And then in April, his role
changed. He became a patient in
his own hospital, felled by the pan-
demic he was trying to combat.
“He spent his last eight weeks
continuing to teach,” this time
from his bed as a patient, said his
daughter Sandra Kamholz Oza, an
internist at Montefiore Medical
Center in the Bronx. As someone
infected with the virus, he served
as a new kind of instructor for doc-
tors and nurses learning how to
treat a novel disease, she said.
“They learned to care for some-
one who was critically ill. He was
teaching up until his last breath.”
That came on June 11, in the
hospital where he had worked
since 2013.
His wife, Rosemary Kamholz, a
retired nurse, said it was not clear
how or where he contracted the vi-
rus. “But my guess is that he
caught it at work,” she said. “He
was very hands-on.”
Though doctors and nurses in
the hospital were getting sick, es-
pecially in the first few weeks, he
never considered not going to
work, his daughter said. “My dad
would never say to his staff, ‘I
want you to assume this risk, but I
won’t assume it myself.’” As chair
of medicine, he was the physician
leader for most of the hospital’s di-
visions.
Stephan Leonard Kamholz was
born on Oct. 16, 1947, in Manhat-
tan, and grew up in Bayside,
Brian M. Rosenthal contributed
reporting.
Adebunmi Gbadebo gave her mother, Brenda Ravenell, a kidney.
Brenda Ravenell, 64
Compassionate Lawyer and ‘the Ultimate Optimist’
By RICHARD SANDOMIR
Brenda Ravenell was a lawyer
for more than 30 years, most of it
with the same colleague in a gen-
eral practice in East Orange, N.J.
How they divided up their cases
says something about Ms.
Ravenell.
“We had a good mix, like yin and
yang,” her fellow lawyer, Beverly
Giscombe, said in an interview.
“She was very kind and conscien-
tious, which made her better for
family matters and divorces. I had
the stronger personality, and I
was free to deal with personal in-
jury cases."
At first, Ms. Ravenell worked
for Ms. Giscombe. Then, in 2002,
they became partners. The part-
nership ended in 2017 when Ms.
Ravenell retired because of com-
plications of diabetes. A year later,
when her condition required a kid-
ney transplant, her daughter, Ade-
bunmi Gbadebo, donated one of
hers.
“She was the ultimate optimist,
smiling, joking and praying
through it all,” Ms. Ravenell’s sis-
ter, Daneen Cooper, said.
Ms. Ravenell died on April 4 at a
hospital in Rockville Centre, N.Y.,
on Long Island. She was 64. The
cause was Covid-19, Ms. Cooper
said.
Brenda Marsha Ravenell was
born on July 22, 1955, in Lime-
stone, Maine, when her father,
James Ravenell, was stationed
there, at Loring Air Force Base.
Her mother, Carrie (Marshall)
Ravenell, was a medical secretary.
Her father worked in the commis-
sary at Fort Hamilton in Brooklyn
after he retired from the Air Force.
Ms. Ravenell earned her bache-
Queens, the only child of Sidney
and Sylvia Kamholz, a podiatrist
and secretary. He attended New
York University’s old Bronx cam-
pus, graduating in 1968, and went
on to the New York Medical Col-
lege, then on Fifth Avenue in Man-
hattan, graduating in 1972.
He chose pulmonology as his
specialty, and
while serving
his fellowship
at Montefiore
Medical Center,
met Rosemary
Potucek, who
was the super-
visor of inpa-
tient services
for the depart-
Dr. Stephan ment.
L. Kamholz “He was re-
ally cute,” she
said. They married in 1978.
Along with his wife and daugh-
ter, Dr. Kamholz is survived by a
son, Roger, and another daughter,
Sheryl Neufeld, and five grand-
children.
Dr. Kamholz moved through su-
pervisory roles at several hospi-
tals before arriving at Maimoni-
des, where he was known, among
other things, for his superb mem-
ory, citing page numbers and
paragraph numbers when doctors
asked him medical questions.
Maimonides, in Brooklyn, was a
one-hour drive from his home in
Thornwood, N.Y., in Westchester
County, and he taught himself Ital-
ian on his daily commute, adding
to his knowledge of French, Ger-
man and some Creole.
He was also learning to fly sin-
gle-engine planes, working to-
ward his commercial pilot’s li-
cense. A conscientious flier, he
worked the daily wind conditions
into his casual conversations.
“He worried a lot,” Ms. Kamholz
said. “Flying was his place where
he went to get away from the
things he worried about.”
Then he would go back to his
worries, because they were his
life’s work, his family said.
On one thing he was clear. “He
never, ever, ever wanted to retire,”
Ms. Kamholz said.
VIA RAVENELL FAMILY
lor’s degree from New York Uni-
versity in 1976, majoring in politi-
cal science and minoring in Span-
ish, and worked as an insurance
underwriter to save money to go
Rutgers Law School, from which
she graduated in 1984.
After working for Legal Serv-
ices of New Jersey in Newark,
which provides help on civil cases
to people who cannot afford a law-
yer, she began her association
with Ms. Giscombe. “She was a
compassionate and concerned
person who gave a lot of time to
people,” Ms. Giscombe said. “She
was lovely.”
Before she received the
Covid-19 diagnosis, Ms. Ravenell
was in a rehabilitation facility in
Hempstead, N.Y., on Long Island,
recovering from further complica-
tions of diabetes, including the
amputation of toes. Her father
was also a patient there, recuper-
ating from shingles and a severe
staph infection.
“We couldn’t go to see them be-
cause there was a lockdown, but
she could see him. It was a bless-
ing,” Ms. Cooper said. Mr.
Ravenell, 93, died in the facility of
a heart attack.
In addition to her sister and
daughter, Ms. Ravenell is sur-
vived by her mother. Her mar-
riage to Adebo Gbadebo ended in
divorce. Her brother, Derek, 49,
died of colon cancer last Novem-
ber.
On the day before she died, Ms.
Ravenell remained optimistic in a
call to her sister and daughter.
“She said, ‘I’m fighting through
this, don’t worry,’” Ms. Cooper
said. “She was upbeat, she never
let this get to her. So when I got the
call that she died, I was shocked.”
4 TELEVISION 2 THEATER

The pandemic’s role on a One 1978 drama

British show. BY RORY SMITH
6 FILM
touching on race has
A director’s ups and downs new resonance.
with Batman. BY JASON BAILEY BY LAURA COLLINS -HUGHES

NEWS CRITICISM WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 C1

N

After Ballet, Moving

In a New Direction
The dancer Silas Farley, 26,
plans to take more of a
leadership role in the art form.
By GIA KOURLAS
It was March 1, and Silas Farley was coming
off the best season yet at New York City Bal-
let. A member of the corps de ballet since
2013, his leading roles that winter included
a poetic, vivid rendering of Prince Ivan in
George Balanchine’s “Firebird,” opposite
Sara Mearns.
His potential, it seemed, was finally being
realized. And he relished it: Mr. Farley, 26,
whose expansive dancing and devotion to
the art of ballet was palpable each time he
stepped onstage, loved experiencing the
weight and responsibility of being a fea-
tured dancer.
So what did he do next? In his follow-my-
own-path-kind-of-way, he retired.
“I was talking to my wife, Cassia, and I
just started to express feeling a real sense of
fulfillment in that performance aspect of my
life, and a greater and greater hunger to cul-
tivate other aspects of my artistry and intel-
lect,” he said in a phone interview from
Charlotte, N.C., where he was visiting his
family.
“My hope is to become a leader in a really
substantive way in the art form,” he ex-
plained. “And I know that there are so many
other facets of leadership experience and
education that I don’t have.”
That he has the potential to end up in a
leadership role is no great leap. I first laid
eyes on Mr. Farley about 11 years ago when
he was attending the City Ballet-affiliated
School of American Ballet and acting as an
unofficial ballet master for his fellow stu-
dents’ choreographic workshop. Tall for his
age — now 6 feet 6 inches he still towers
over most dancers — he wore a unitard with
tube socks and referred to himself as “the
cheerleader with a notebook.”
Even then, he seemed self-possessed be-
yond his years. “It’s sad to think about it like
this, but it’s up to us — we’re the generation
that when the people who knew Balanchine
die, it’s going to be up to us to keep it alive
and I get so choked up about it sometimes,”
he told me at the time, referring to George
Balanchine, City Ballet’s founding choreog-
rapher. “I’m in the cafeteria, and I’m like:
‘Guys! Do you realize? We’re in the front
lines!’ ”
Mr. Farley, who said he had been consid-
ering his dancing future before the coro-
navirus pandemic hit, will be an artist-in-
CONTINUED ON PAGE C5

KENNEDI CARTER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

‘We need to keep the art form thriving, not just on life support. I want to be part of that.’
SILAS FARLEY

DWIGHT GARNER BOOKS OF THE TIMES

Guggenheim’s Culture Is Challenged Seduced by the Chance

Letter urges steps to diversify
its staff, board and exhibitions.
By ROBIN POGREBIN
A letter signed “The Curatorial Depart-
ment” of the Guggenheim Museum was
sent on Monday to the institution’s leader-
ship, demanding immediate, wholesale
changes to what it described as “an inequi-
table work environment that enables rac-
ism, white supremacy, and other discrimi-
natory practices.”
“We write to express collective concern
regarding our institution, which is in urgent
need of reform,” said the letter addressed to
Richard Armstrong, the museum’s direc-
tor; Elizabeth Duggal, the senior deputy di-
rector and chief operating officer; Sarah G.
Austrian, the general counsel; and Nancy
Spector, the museum’s artistic director and
chief curator.
The letter comes as cultural institutions
are being called to account for what critics
describe as their role in perpetuating sys-
temic racism. Amid protests prompted by
the killing of George Floyd, museums are
SARA KRULWICH/THE NEW YORK TIMES
looking more seriously at issues of equity in
their hiring, governance, exhibitions and
Curators at the Guggenheim Museum sent the institution’s leadership a letter this week acquisitions.
outlining changes and urging it to reform a culture that, they said, “enables racism.” The letter said it was not signed with indi-
CONTINUED ON PAGE C4
To Enter a Whodunit
Ottessa Moshfegh’s latest
is a sort of murder mystery.
THE NEW OTTESSA MOSHFEGH novel,
“Death in Her Hands,” is really an old
Ottessa Moshfegh novel. She wrote it early
in her career and stuck it in a drawer. Now
that drawer has slid open.
Moshfegh made her name with thrillingly
mordant books, including the story col-
lection “Homesick for Another World” and
the novels “Eileen” and “My Year of Rest
and Relaxation.” Tonally, “Death in Her
Hands” is quite different. It’s much more
flatly written. Occasionally it verges on the
Death in Her Hands poky.
By Ottessa Moshfegh On its simplest level, “Death in Her
259 pages. Penguin Hands” is a murder mystery. The recently
Press. $27. widowed Vesta Gul, 72, is walking her dog in
the woods when she finds a crisp note
pinned under rocks. It reads: “Her name
was Magda. Nobody will ever know who
killed her. It’s wasn’t me. Here is her dead
body.”
Yet there’s no body. Who was this Magda?
Who killed her? Where’s her corpse? Vesta,
who reads Agatha Christie novels and lives
CONTINUED ON PAGE C5
C2 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
A Timely Reading for an Overlooked Play
Written in 1978, Kermit
Frazier’s ‘Kernel of Sanity’ has
themes that still resonate.
By LAURA COLLINS-HUGHES
The playwright Kermit Frazier has been
sticking close to home, so it’s fortuitous that
the protests have come to him — Black
Lives Matter demonstrations at Grand
Army Plaza and outside the main branch of
the Brooklyn Public Library, which he can
see through the front window of his apart-
ment in Park Slope.
Yet Frazier, whose little-known first play,
“Kernel of Sanity,” will get a profile boost on
Thursday night when it leads off the Pulitz-
er Prize-winning playwright Paula Vogel’s
new online reading series, hasn’t headed
out to march. The author of 25 works for the
stage has poured his activism straight into
his writing.
“That’s how I participate,” he said by
phone on Juneteenth, then instantly
checked himself. “Most people say that’s
not enough. The writers are out in the
street. Everyone’s out in the street.”
Not everyone is under orders from their
two grown daughters to be vigilant about
the pandemic, though. Frazier is, and he has
tiny grandchildren he wants to see.
‘I encountered a play
that for the first time
made me see what
whiteness was.’
PAULA VOGEL
PRIZE-WINNING PLAYWRIGHT
So at 74, he starts his days with a long,
early-morning masked speed-walk through
Prospect Park, then stays in to avoid the
crowds — and, lately, to gear up for the re-
appearance of “Kernel of Sanity,” a psycho-
logical drama he wrote in 1978 when he was
just out of the graduate acting program at
New York University, performing in a
downtown revival of “Native Son.”
In “Kernel of Sanity,” a young black actor
named Roger shares a bit of Frazier’s ré-
sumé. Fresh off the same small part in
seemingly the same production of “Native
Son,” Roger pays a surprise visit to Frank, a
self-involved older white actor who starred
a few years earlier in a New York produc-
tion of “One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest.”
Roger, playing an aide, would watch Frank
from the wings.
Written some months after Frazier had
an acting experience that made him feel
used, “Kernel” is about marginalization and
predation, white privilege and long-sim-
After the Pause, a Theater to Begin Paying All Its Artists
A pointed public letter
prompts changes beyond
compensation at the Flea.
By GABE COHN
For years, the Flea Theater has relied on
members of its resident acting company,
the Bats, for their creativity, their acting
chops and their willingness to work unpaid.
No more.
Two days after a public letter began circu-
lating online in which resident artists criti-
cized the prominent Off Off Broadway the-
ater’s payment practices and what they
called “racism, sexism, gaslighting, disre-
spect and abuse” there, the Flea’s manage-
ment announced that the theater will pause
all production activity to enact sweeping
changes, including the elimination of un-
paid roles for its artists.
“The Flea must reckon with the intersec-
tion of racism, sexism and pay inequity, and
we must properly address grievances ex-
pressed by members of our community,”
leaders of the theater wrote in a statement
signed by its producing director, Carol Os-
trow, and its artistic director, Niegel Smith.
“We are pausing all production activity to
Top, Kermit Frazier. Above, participants in
the reading of Frazier’s “Kernel of Sanity,”
clockwise from upper right: The actress
Abigail Breslin, the director Gregg Daniel,
and the actors Matthew Hancock and Josh
Hamilton. Left, Paula Vogel.
ANNE STERLING
reflect on the misalignment of our values
and actions and to transform our institu-
tional culture and producing model,” said
the statement, which was released on
Thursday.
It promises that artists at the Flea “will
be paid for their work”; that resident artists
will be added to its board of directors and
included in seasonal planning; and that “all
staff and leadership will be continually
trained in anti-racism; diversity, equity and
inclusion; and conflict resolution.”
In an email interview on Thursday, Os-
trow declined to offer further specifics on
how the theater might adjust its payment
practices. But she wrote that “the company
will be reimagined with input and direction
from the current members” and reiterated
that “moving forward all artists will be com-
pensated.”
The Flea was founded in 1996, and since
2017 has operated out of a new, three-the-
ater building in TriBeCa whose largest per-
forming space holds about 100 seats. While
it hires and pays actors for some shows, it
often casts out of its nonunion acting com-
pany, the Bats, which has as many as 100
members.
Smith, the artistic director, is one of the
few African-Americans leading a New York
mering rage. Even in the drama that un-
folds between Roger and Frank, the white
guy has by far the largest role.
“There’s no space for Roger,” Frazier
said. “Sometimes white people take up all
the air in the room. How do you get recog-
nized? How do you navigate that?”
To Vogel, an advocate of “Kernel” since
she plucked it from a slush pile as a 27-year-
old secretary to the artistic director at the
American Place Theater, it is a work that
still holds the charge it had for her when she
theater. In past few years, the Flea has
staged plays focused on police brutality,
gun violence and other issues.
Tuesday’s statement by artists came on
the heels of a public letter written by a for-
mer company member, Bryn Carter, this
month, which also criticized the Flea’s pay-
ment practices and its treatment of artists
of color. “I was sick of those kinds of conver-
sations being had behind closed doors,”
Carter said in a phone interview.
In a separate phone interview, two of the
artists who were involved with writing the
follow-up letter and who have been mem-
bers of the Bats for more than two years,
Xandra Nur Clark and Dolores Pereira,
seemed to view the theater’s response with
cautious hope.
“I was glad to see the promises that they
made public,” Pereira said. “But I’m also
very aware that there’s a lot of work to do.”
The Flea’s pledge to pay all of its artists is
significant: Its payment practices have
long been criticized by artists, an issue that
flared up again when the theater moved
into its new multimillion-dollar home.
But Carter warned that paying artists is
one among many problems at the theater:
“There’s the potential for that to be a small
change that then means that some of the
first read it.
“I encountered a play that for the first
time made me see what whiteness was,” she
said.
Thus her elevating of it now in what she
has dubbed the Bard at the Gate series of
overlooked plays, in a taped reading that
will star Josh Hamilton as Frank, Matthew
Hancock as Roger and Abigail Breslin as
Rita, Frank’s girlfriend. “Kernel” will be fol-
lowed by three other plays in a series united
by themes of race and gender: Meg Mirosh-
nik’s “The Droll” on July 15, then Eisa Da-
vis’s “Bulrusher” and Dan LeFranc’s “Ori-
gin Story,” with dates to be announced.
A Pulitzer winner for “How I Learned to
Drive,” Vogel, 68, is a vocal champion of
scripts she loves, and the series is her way
of furthering that. But she and Frazier are
acquaintances rather than friends, and he
had no idea she was pushing “Kernel” until
she mentioned it in The Village Voice in
2003. “Kernel” by then was 25 and hadn’t
been staged professionally.
Then again, its first reading — at Wil-
liamstown Theater Festival in the summer
of 1978, when Frazier was a member of the
acting company — pointed to a structural
obstacle in the mainstream American the-
ater. As the playwright, Frazier didn’t want
to be in the reading, but he was the only
black actor there. So the first time he heard
his play, it was with an all-white cast.
The next summer, the artistic director
Lloyd Richards brought “Kernel” to the Na-
tional Playwrights Conference for develop-
ment, on a roster that included David Henry
Hwang’s “F.O.B.” and John Pielmeier’s
“Agnes of God.” Still, Frazier’s first profes-
sionally produced play was “Shadows and
Echoes” in 1981, with a cast that included S.
Epatha Merkerson.
That was when he realized, with some re-
lief, that he could stay in the theater without
having to be an actor. He had come late to
the stage anyway, after going to college and
graduate school for English. During an Air
Force stint in Wichita Falls, Texas — “Larry
McMurtry territory,” he calls it — he fell in
with the Backdoor Theater, a local amateur
troupe, for lack of other things to do.
Already set on a path toward teaching, he
only auditioned for N.Y.U. because a couple
of Texas friends urged him to. In 1974, at 28,
he started acting school. Gregg Daniel, the
director of Thursday’s “Kernel” reading,
was a classmate.
On the phone the other day, Frazier men-
tioned that he was born in 1946, the same
year as “George W. Bush, Bill Clinton and
the dummy who’s president now,” which is
one way of suggesting the arc of a life.
Here is another. At N.Y.U., he studied with
Olympia Dukakis. Ron Van Lieu directed
him in “Othello.” Kristin Linklater, his voice
teacher, nursed her infant son, Hamish,
while she listened to the class. In the years
that followed, Denzel Washington, Samuel
L. Jackson and Laurence Fishburne were
DOUGLAS SEGARS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
all in readings of Frazier’s early work.
It has always been difficult for him to get
his plays produced, though he said most of
them have been. In the ’90s, he segued to
television writing, notably for the children’s
crime-solving series “Ghostwriter.” Then
came academia. Retired from teaching
three years ago and returned to writing full
time, he is a professor emeritus at Adelphi
University.
In between, in 2009, “Kernel” was staged
by Woodie King Jr.’s New Federal Theater.
Reviewing the production in The New York
Times, Rachel Saltz detected mystery in it,
but Marilyn Stasio, in Variety, gave it a furi-
ous pan.
Then, mid-lockdown, came an email from
Vogel, proposing the reading.
In preparation, she has been catching up
on the rest of his catalog, which includes
“An American Journey,” written with John
Leicht and based on the police killing of
Daniel Bell; and “Modern Minstrelsy,”
EMILY LEHRER
about what Frazier calls “the contentious
relationship between African-Americans
and Irish-Americans.”
Much of the stuff of his plays is the stuff of
living while black, and he finds it strange to
see the wider culture just waking up to the
history of racism that he has long known.
As for the theater, he thinks it’s past time
that it open its eyes.
“Theater has to be about truth,” he said.
“And theater has to live up to the origin of
the word theater: ‘the seeing space.’ If
we’re not allowed to see, then what’s the
point?”
TODD HEISLER/THE NEW YORK TIMES
other issues are not addressed.” The Flea Theater in TriBeCa
While in-person performances at the Tri- has pledged sweeping changes.
BeCa space have been on hiatus during the
pandemic, the Flea will also indefinitely
pause a number of digital projects, includ-
ing the online version of its popular “Seri-
als” new-play series.
 THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 N C3

Arts, Briefly
N E W S F R O M T H E C U LT U R A L W O R L D
“Chromatica” holds at No. 2,
Lil Baby Earns DaBaby’s “Blame It on Baby” is
No. 3, and Post Malone’s “Holly-
Third Week at No. 1 wood’s Bleeding” — a monster
At one point in his career, the hit last year — is No. 4, after
25-year-old Atlanta rapper Lil gradually moving up the charts
Baby earned cachet as a reluc- over the last several weeks.
tant hip-hop star — he avoided Drake’s “Dark Lane Demo
the limelight even while churn- Tapes” holds at No. 5.
ing out mountains of content and BEN SISARIO
was known to swing by the local
Chick-fil-A unaccompanied.
But since the release of his Humanities Agency
latest album, “My Turn,” in
March, Lil Baby (above) has Announces Grants
been unavoidable, holding strong The Greenwood Community
streaming numbers week after Development Corporation in
week and releasing a candid Tulsa, Okla.; the National World
protest anthem, “The Bigger War II Museum in New Orleans;
Picture,” this month. and a Mashantucket Pequot
“My Turn,” which opened at Tribal Nation Connecticut history
No. 1, returned to the top spot project are among the 317 benefi-
last week, helped in part by a
ciaries of additional CARES Act
lack of competition from new grants from the National Endow-
releases as the music industry
ment for the Humanities that
went on a self-imposed pause to
were announced on Monday.
focus on racism in the wake of
The grants, which total $40.3
George Floyd’s death. This week,
million, will support projects in
“My Turn” has held No. 1 again,
all 50 states and Washington at
notching its third week at the top
museums, archives, universities,
— only the third title to reach historic sites and other cultural
that milestone this year. organizations affected by the
“My Turn” had the equivalent coronavirus pandemic. The
of 72,000 sales in the United grants will allow more than 300
States last week, according to institutions to retain staffs and
Nielsen Music, with 110 million shift programming online, and
streams, many of them coming will support tours at the site of
through Apple Music. “The Big- the Tulsa Race Massacre and
ger Picture” — which has aching digital programming at the
lines like “It’s too many mothers World War II Museum.
who’s grieving, they killing us for “We have witnessed tremen-
no reason, it been going on for dous financial distress at cultural
too long to get even” — was not organizations across the country,
included on “My Turn,” but as which have been compelled to
Billboard noted, it surely drew furlough staff, cancel programs
attention to the album. and reduce operations to make
Hollywood Executive Faces
Sexual Assault Charges
David Guillod abused four sentence of 21 years to life in prison, the of-
fice said.
women while they were Though prosecutors in the Santa Barbara
unconscious, authorities say. office are handling the prosecution, a
spokesman for the Los Angeles County Dis-
trict Attorney’s office said that it had been
By JULIA JACOBS
involved in investigating Mr. Guillod since
David Guillod, who made his mark in Holly- 2018 because two of the cases were reported
wood as a talent manager and the executive in their jurisdiction.
producer of the movie “Atomic Blonde,” has Accusations of sexual assaults by Mr.
been charged with sexually assaulting four Guillod surfaced last year in a legal dispute
women — all of them unconscious at the he has had with an actress, A. J. Cook, best
time — over about three years, the Santa known for her role in “Criminal Minds,” a
Barbara District Attorney’s office in Califor- police procedural drama on CBS. The law-
nia said on Monday. suit erupted after Ms. Cook left the agency
Mr. Guillod, 53, faces 11 felony counts, in- as the accounts of several women who said
cluding rape of an unconscious person and they had been assaulted by Mr. Guillod be-
kidnapping to commit rape. Mr. Guillod sur- came known. Primary Wave then sued her,
rendered to the authorities in Santa Bar- seeking more than $300,000 in commission
bara on Monday. His bail was set for $3 mil- fees it said she owed.
lion, the district attorney’s office said in a In her countersuit, Ms. Cook, who had
news release. hired Mr. Guillod as her manager, accused
In a statement, a spokeswoman for Mr. Primary Wave and Intellectual Artists
Guillod said that “for the past eight years, Management of withholding information
Mr. Guillod has denied these allegations, about the sexual assault allegations against
and for the past eight years Mr. Guillod has him. The lawsuit and countersuit are still
KEVIN WINTER/GETTY IMAGES
fully cooperated with all aspects of law en- pending.
forcement’s investigation.” Ms. Cook’s suit said the companies did
by the pandemic,” Jon Parrish The statement said that an “overwhelm- not disclose information about the accusa-
Peede, the endowment’s chair- ing amount of evidence has been collected tion by Ms. Barth, who, it said, had initially
man, said in a statement, calling gone to the police but backed off after Mr.
the organizations “vital to our
over the course of this investigation disput-
ing these charges” and that Mr. Guillod Guillod threatened to sue her.
nation’s cultural life and econ- looks forward to clearing his name. Ms. Barth resumed pursuing criminal
omy.” None of the women he is charged with as- charges in 2017 after she heard about ac-
In March, the N.E.H. received saulting were named in the criminal com- counts of additional women, the lawsuit
$75 million in funds through the said.
plaint.
$2.2 trillion CARES Act (Coro- The lawsuit also listed accusations that
Mr. Guillod has been trailed by accusa-
navirus Aid, Relief and Economic tions of sexual assault since 2017 when the Mr. Guillod sexually assaulted his female
Security Act) stimulus package. actress Jessica Barth accused him — at first assistant when she was inebriated at a com-
The endowment has already pany retreat in 2014 and that he had
without naming him, in a blog post, and lat-
distributed $30 million to 56 state drugged and sexually assaulted a female
er online by name — of drugging and sexu-
and jurisdictional humanities client and her friend in 2015.
ally assaulting her when he was her man-
councils.
ager in 2012. After Ms. Cook filed her lawsuit, a spokes-
In New York, 52 of the city’s man for Mr. Guillod told The Wrap that Ms.
He stepped down at that point from his
cultural organizations will re- Cook’s countersuit was an “attempt to dis-
position as co-chief executive of Primary
ceive $6.8 million in relief grants. tract from her own financial liability.”
Wave Entertainment, a talent agency, and
Funding will go toward expand-
there were reports that other women had
ing walking tours at the Tene-
ment Museum on the Lower East also gone to the police with their com-
Side when it reopens; document- plaints.
ing the experiences of New York- Most recently, Mr. Guillod served as the
executive producer of “Extraction,” a
ers during the coronavirus crisis
at the Museum of the City of thriller released by Netflix in April. “Atomic
New York; and digitizing archi- Blonde,” starring Charlize Theron, came
val materials at the Alvin Ailey out in 2017.
Dance Foundation. The earliest assault, according to the
Elsewhere, the National World complaint, took place in 2012 when Mr. Guil-
War I Museum and Memorial in lod is said to have penetrated a 33-year-old
Kansas City, Mo., will use the woman with a foreign object while she was
grant support to digitize and intoxicated. In 2014, Mr. Guillod is accused
transcribe 10,000 pages of World of kidnapping and raping a 23-year-old
War I letters, journals and dia- woman who was prevented from resisting
ries. Grants will also sustain the because she was intoxicated, the complaint
publication of academic books by said.
the Ohio State University Press Mr. Guillod was also charged with raping
and Gallaudet University Press two women in their 20s, who were uncon-
in Washington, D.C. scious at the time, on the same day in 2015,
Several recipients will use the the district attorney’s office said.
funds to shift in-person programs Several of the assaults described in the
online. And grants will also allow complaint would have occurred when Mr.
for the expansion of Lakota Guillod was working as a talent manager,
language e-learning resources running his own company, Intellectual Art-
for teachers and schools in North ists Management, which announced its
Dakota and South Dakota. merger with Primary Wave in 2015. JENNIFER LOURIE/GETTY IMAGES

Also this week, Lady Gaga’s up for revenue shortfalls caused SARAH BAHR If convicted, Mr. Guillod faces a potential David Guillod, an executive producer, in 2016.

Two Not Touch Crossword Edited by Will Shortz

ANSWERS TO
PREVIOUS PUZZLES PUZZLE BY JOE DEENEY
ACROSS 40 In a drab way 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

1 Ansari of “Parks 41 Bluesman Willie

14 15 16
and Recreation” 42 Asti Spumante,
5 Lotion letters per esempio 17 18 19

8 Class for 45 Noise from a nest

20 21 22
expectant 46 Senate rebuke
mothers
47 “Barrier” 23 24 25 26
14 Only
dismantled in
15 ___-El 1991 27 28 29 30
(Superman’s 52 Word before or
birth name) 31 32 33 34
after pack
16 Roberto in
53 Country’s ___ 35 36 37 38 39
Cooperstown Brown Band
17 It served as its 40 41
54 New Orleans-to-
state’s capital Tampa dir.
Put two stars in each row, column and region of the grid. No two stars may touch, not even diagonally. before Des 42 43 44 45 46
Copyright © 2020 www.krazydad.com Moines 55 Bratislava
resident 47 48 49 50 51 52
19 Traditional
Japanese sword 57 Even

Brain Tickler
53 54 55 56
20 Whack-a-mole 59 Start of each
implement “S.N.L.” episode 57 58 59 60
… or a hint to
21 Where dreams the initials of the 61 62 63
are made? words in 17-,
Rearrange the letters of HE’S A SPEAKER to name someone who’s better known for writing than 22 Fleur-de-___ 24-, 35- and 64 65 66
speaking. 47-Across
23 Waste
receptacle 61 Adopt-a-Highway 6/24/20
concern DOWN Department “Anyone? …
24 Joe and Jack, 21 38
PUZZLE BY WILL SHORTZ YESTERDAY’S ANSWER When I was a kid there were only three channels, which already had too much television to watch. say? 62 Director Lee 1 Subjectof store founder Anyone?”
27 Voting against 63 Old-timey “not” a Louisville 23 Indonesian 39 Threaded
museum tourist fastener
29 Latin “I love” 64 Give a good

KenKen looking-over 2 Magnify destination 42 Hungarian

30 Shows, as shows
65 Jed’s adviser on 3 Lacking 25 Place for a sporting dog
31 Set free pickup baseball
ANSWERS TO “The West Wing” 4 True believer’s 43 Dinar spenders
PREVIOUS PUZZLES 33 Glossy coating game
66 Where quality 44 “Back of the
35 Medical ethics Southwest 5 Athlete in goggles
26 Fake eyelash, line!”
topic Airlines is LUV slangily
6 Smith known 48 Closest dwarf
as the Poet 28 Geometric figure planet
ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE Laureate of Punk with equal angles
49 Together
7 Stylish, slangily 32 Prove one’s
A S K E B B D R A P E humanity, in a 50 “My turn”
B E E R G U T S F R A S E R 8 Italian tourist way
destination 51 Start to snooze,
C L E A R C U T O P T I C S 33 Literary with “off”
S A B R E S R I C E C A K E 9 Car rental choice
character who 56 Winter Olympics
L E T C A L I P H 10 Bon ___ lives in the star Lindsey
C H E F S L I L P E R S E 11 Italian tourist Gloomy Place
58 Downed
R O R Y F O G M E T E O R destination 34 Goal
O W E F I G H T E R B U N 59 Old presidential
12 More out there 36 Apple pickers? nickname
W I L D E R T A T B E S S
13 Wipes out
D E F O E O E R V A L E T 37 Reward for 60 December 31, in
Fill the grid with digits so as not to repeat a digit in any row or column, and so that the digits within each G L A N D S E R R 18 151, in old Rome working overtime brief
heavily outlined box will produce the target number shown, by using addition, subtraction, multiplication or L E A P F R O G B I T E M E
division, as indicated in the box. A 4x4 grid will use the digits 1-4. A 6x6 grid will use 1-6. A T T I R E E C O L A B E L Online subscriptions: Today’s puzzle and more than 9,000 past puzzles,
For solving tips and more KenKen puzzles: www.nytimes.com/kenken. For feedback: nytimes@kenken.com S T I L E S S U R E B E T S nytimes.com/crosswords ($39.95 a year).
KenKen® is a registered trademark of Nextoy, LLC. Copyright © 2020 www.KENKEN.com. All rights reserved. T U T E E E N D L E E Read about and comment on each puzzle: nytimes.com/wordplay.
C4 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
Coronavirus Comes to ‘Coronation Street’
The soap, which has been
airing in Britain since 1960,
usually shuns current events.
By RORY SMITH
MANCHESTER, ENGLAND — For now, the
most famous street in Britain still exists in
another world. The pub is open. Friends
meet in the cafe. Neighbors fight and lovers
kiss. People have their hair cut, visit one an-
other’s houses, gather in groups of more
than six.
They can do so until July 24: That’s the
day when, four months after the rest of Brit-
ain went into lockdown, the coronavirus
pandemic will finally hit “Coronation
Street.”
Off screen, the world’s longest-running
soap opera — and a staple of British week-
night television — has been dealing with the
impact of the coronavirus since March. Pro-
duction was officially halted on March 23,
the day Britain went into lockdown, and
episodes have since been rationed to keep
the show on air: instead of watching six
nights a week, viewers have had to make do
with three.
Filming resumed this month, but with
strict social-distancing measures. Any
characters played by actors in high-risk
groups have disappeared completely, crews
have been stripped back to the bare essen-
tials and all scenes have been shot with ac-
tors no less than two meters apart.
But onscreen, the show has remained
blissfully unaware of this new reality. Even
sequences shot since the resumption of
filming have not yet acknowledged the rea-
son for the lack of physical contact: Iain
MacLeod, the series producer, felt it would
have been “incredibly strange” for episodes
to be a mix of the old world and the new.
Instead, the pandemic will arrive in
Weatherfield — the fictional part of Greater
Manchester where the show is set — effec-
tively overnight on July 24, when the first
episode entirely written and designed after
lockdown is set to run. “It will be a day/
night thing,” MacLeod said. He joked that it
might look like a “continuity error: Now
there is a pandemic.”
MacLeod and his writers have, he said,
“agonized long and hard” over how to intro-
duce the coronavirus into the show, a chal-
lenge that in some way struck at the heart of
what “Coronation Street” — and Britain’s
other long-running soaps, “Emmerdale”
and “EastEnders” — are meant to be.
Unlike their American peers, British soap
operas are not designed to be fantastical.
They are neither set in a specific period nor
entirely contained within their own uni-
verse. Instead, they occupy a delicate, limi-
nal territory between fiction and reality.
“The way British soaps organize time is
important,” said Christine Geraghty, a pro-
fessor of film and television studies at the
University of Glasgow. “They take place on
a day-to-day basis. Characters wake up in
the morning and go to bed at night. British
soaps keep going: You don’t always start a
new episode at the exact place the last one
finished.” Cliffhanger endings, she said,
Guggenheim’s Culture Is Challenged
CONTINUED FROM PAGE C1
vidual names because the curators feared
retaliation.
In a statement, Mr. Armstrong confirmed
receipt of the letter from the curators “out-
lining requests to change procedures to en-
sure more collective, transparent and ac-
countable decision-making processes in the
department.”
“Our curatorial staff is essential to the
Guggenheim and we are listening,” he said
in the statement. “Their effort to make
change is an opportunity for us to engage in
a beneficial dialogue to become a more di-
verse, equitable and welcoming organiza-
tion for all.”
Mr. Armstrong began that dialogue with
some of the museum’s 22 curators on Mon-
day in Zoom calls after receiving the letter, a
museum spokeswoman confirmed. The
spokeswoman, Sarah Eaton, also confirmed
that the chief curator, Ms. Spector, has de-
cided to take a three-month sabbatical be-
ginning July 1, though there was no indica-
tion the decision was related to the letter.
Ms. Spector declined to comment.
On Sunday, Troy Conrad Therrien, the
museum’s curator of architecture and dig-
ital initiatives, sent his own letter to the mu-
seum’s leadership in which he announced
his plans to step down to take responsibility
for what he described as his complicity in an
“institutional culture that has systemat-
ically disenfranchised many for too long.”
“It’s time for many of us who have bene-
fited from this flawed system while holding
leadership positions to make space for
those who can more fully embody the equity
that is no longer just necessary but urgent,”
Mr. Therrien said.
The museum said it had not made a deci-
sion on Mr. Therrien’s offer to resign.
The Guggenheim, which attracts about
1.2 million visitors annually, has a $60 mil-
lion budget and a $90 million endowment.
Of the museum’s 276 full time staff mem-
bers, 26 are black, 24 are Latino and 20 are
Asian. Of the museum’s 25 trustees, 23 are
white.
The curators’ letter calls on the museum
to “put an end to the culture of favoritism,
silencing, and retribution”; to review re-
cruitment practices and guarantee the hir-
ing of curators of color; and “to redress the
museum’s primarily white, male exhibition
history and collecting practices.”
The letter also calls for the museum to
commission an independent investigation
into its handling of last year’s Basquiat ex-
hibition and the show’s guest curator, Chaé-
dria LaBouvier, an art historian.
The letter followed “An open letter to New
tend to be deployed only for major plotlines.
“Mostly, the postman comes in the morn-
ing, and the day ends with a drink in the
pub,” she said. “The rhythms in a soap make
it a recognizable world. You might know, as
a viewer, that things like that don’t quite
happen in real life, but you can place it all
within the scope of your own experience.”
The stories can, of course, be outlandish
— planes crash on the Yorkshire village
where “Emmerdale” is set with alarming
INEZ & VINOODH
Chaédria LaBouvier,
an art historian and a
guest curator, has
criticized her
treatment by the
museum.
frequency — but the landscape, too, is con-
structed to feel familiar.
“It is our world, but it is not our world,”
said Carole O’Reilly, a senior lecturer in me-
dia and television studies at the University
of Salford in Greater Manchester. “It looks
and feels recognizable — a heightened ver-
sion of the world we see.”
She picks out the backdrop of “Corona-
tion Street” — based on Salford itself — as
authentically northern: rows of back-to-
Nancy Spector, the
museum’s artistic
director and chief
curator, has decided to
take a three-month
sabbatical.
MARY INHEA KANG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
PHOTOGRAPHS BY ITV
Above, “Coronation Street,” a
soap set in Manchester,
England, is now filming socially
distanced episodes. The first
one is set to air July 24. Left,
actors are at least two meters
apart at all times.
York City’s Cultural Institutions” on June 20
from a coalition of current and former em-
ployees — and their supporters — at the
Guggenheim, the Metropolitan Museum of
Art, the Metropolitan Opera, the Museum of
Modern Art and other cultural institutions.
“We do not need any more surveys, affini-
ty groups, panels, or committees and other
empty attempts to conceal the racism,” the
open letter said. “We write to you to express
our outrage and discontent of consistent ex-
ploitation and unfair treatment of Black/
Brown people at these cultural institutions.”
The letter from the Guggenheim curators
references the treatment of Ms. LaBouvier,
who is black and who was not invited to par-
ticipate in the museum’s panel discussion
about Basquiat with other scholars — in-
cluding some she, as guest curator, had se-
lected for the exhibition catalog.
Ms. LaBouvier nevertheless attended the
panel discussion, where from the audience
she accused the Guggenheim of snubbing
her and undermining her curatorial role in
the show, “Basquiat’s ‘Defacement’: The
Untold Story.” She also told The New York
Times that she was excluded from decisions
on how the exhibition was presented.
In November 2015 the museum hired
Ashley James, the first black full-time cura-
tor in the Guggenheim’s 80-year-history.
Early this month, Ms. LaBouvier posted a
tweet that attracted considerable attention:
“Working at the Guggenheim w/ Nancy
Spector & the leadership was the most rac-
ist professional experience of my life.”
In an Essence article this month, the mu-
seum responded to Ms. LaBouvier’s accu-
sations, saying, “The exhibition was one of
the first programmatic efforts for the mu-
seum to confront its own role in our nation’s
patterns of injustice, an effort that we are
continuing to work on with a critical exami-
nation of inherent bias in both the work-
place and in our history.”
The statement added that Ms. LaBouvier
had been “supported by the museum with
the collaborative spirit with which exhibi-
tions are made at the Guggenheim.”
But members of the curatorial staff have
differed with that assessment. Appended to
their letter Monday was a list of anonymous
comments that had been gathered after a
staff round table held this month by the mu-
seum’s human resources department. Sev-
eral curators highlighted their concerns
about Ms. LaBouvier’s treatment.
“While many of us saw our own experi-
ences reflected in her mistreatment, we did
not speak up and were complicit in our si-
lence,” one comment said. “We cannot move
forward with any credibility until we offer
her a sincere, unqualified, public apology.”
back terraced housing and cobbled streets,
the social life revolving around the pub. But
so, too, is the tone of the characters’ interac-
tions. “Direct and to the point,” according to
Geraghty, or gregarious and outgoing, to O-
’Reilly.
But while British soaps set out to reflect
the world, they are selective about which el-
ements of the real world are allowed to seep
in. “ ‘Coronation Street’ has taken on a lot of
social issues,” Geraghty said. “It has dealt
with racism, domestic abuse, violence,
trans rights. But it doesn’t do current
events; soaps are filmed too far in advance
to deal with real events in real time, and be-
sides, they’re too political.”
Most news events are ignored completely
— though there is a bench on the “Corona-
tion Street” set dedicated to the victims of
the 2017 Manchester bombing, incorporat-
ed onto the set in 2018 — but the pandemic is
far more complex.
“It is a health event, a political event, an
economic event,” Geraghty said. “It is
changing lives.” To her mind, British soaps,
which set themselves the task of showing
“everyday life and how it is lived, cannot ig-
nore it as they normally would.”
MacLeod and his team knew that, but
were conscious of the other side of a soap’s
appeal: the need to provide some form of es-
capism. “We want to let viewers see the
world we live in,” he said. “But we have
talked about the pandemic and basically
nothing else for months, and I don’t think
they need to see more people banging on
about the pandemic.”
Their approach, then, will be to acknowl-
edge the change in the world, but with what
he described as a “light touch.” “It will
mainly be the visual element,” he said.
“There will be a lot of evidence of social dis-
tancing: people won’t touch, they’ll conspic-
uously stand apart, older relatives will be
sequestered and shielding.”
There will, he admitted, be some discrep-
ancies. Not only will the pandemic suddenly
appear — four months late — but, by the
time episodes run, the world may have
shifted once more. “Coronation Street,”
might, once again, be experiencing a differ-
ent reality than its viewers.
ITV — the network that has run the show
since it appeared in 1960 — is confident that
audiences will not object to the inconsisten-
cies. “They are quite forgiving,” said John
Whiston, the broadcaster’s managing direc-
tor of continuing drama.
During the past few months, the show has
conducted research that has shown that
viewers have, in a way, started to appreci-
ate that what they are seeing onscreen does
not quite mirror what is happening in the
world.
“We have had a lot of people say to us that
it has been an antidote to what is happen-
ing, and that’s been appreciated,” Whiston
said. He is not worried that people might ob-
ject to the “Coronation Street” pandemic
not quite matching the experience of the
rest of the country. “Besides,” Whiston said,
“if we were true to lockdown, it would all be
quite dull: just people going to the shop
once a day.”
CLUE OF THE DAY
STATE CAPITALS
ART EAST
OF THE MISSISSIPPI
THE LAST 2 LETTERS
OF THIS CITY’S NAME
ARE THE U.S. POSTAL
ABBREVIATION FOR
THE STATE THAT IT’S
THE CAPITAL OF
FOR THE CORRECT
RESPONSE, WATCH
JEOPARDY! TONIGHT
OR LOOK IN THIS
SPACE TOMORROW
IN THE TIMES.
Yesterday’s Response:
WHO IS ALEXANDER
PUSHKIN?
Watch JEOPARDY!
7 p.m. on Channel 7
Gift subscriptions to
The Times start at $25.
Visit nytimes.com/gift
or call 855-698-5273.

Planning to Move
In New Directions
CONTINUED FROM PAGE C1
residence in ballet in the dance division at
the Meadows School of the Arts at Southern
Methodist University for the 2020-21 school
year. He has also started attending Harvard
Extension School. After high school, he was
accepted to Harvard on a full scholarship;
at the time, he chose dance. Now he hopes
eventually to study management there.
But he’ll still maintain a connection with
City Ballet and the school. Mr. Farley, who
serves on the board of the George Balan-
chine Foundation, will continue his work on
the company’s podcast. In his segment,
“Hear the Dance,” he explores the compa-
ny’s history and repertory. He has taught at
the school for years — in 2012, he and an-
other dancer were chosen to be teaching fel-
lows there — and will continue to do so
when he can.
As a student, Mr. Farley was “a very tall,
beautiful looking young man, very regal,”
the school’s chairman of faculty, Kay Mazzo,
said. “He had this hunger, and he wanted to
learn as much as he could and pass it on.
He’s been so involved with the history of
ballet, and I think he wants to be such a big
part of its future, which he will be — an im-
portant part of it. He is just the epitome of
really taking one’s art form to the highest
level.”
He’ll also continue to choreograph. In
keeping with these social distanced times,
he has created digital dances for the Works
& Process virtual commissions project, a
Guggenheim series (out this summer) and
the Church of the Heavenly Rest in New
York; he will also create a piece for the
Washington Ballet.
“It’s wild — I’ve become a dance film-
maker because of all that’s happened,” Mr.
Farley said. “I’m able to be right at the cut-
ting edge of what’s happening in the art
form because we have to adapt. We have to
think creatively.”
Mr. Farley, who hails from Charlotte — he
grew up in a house with nine people includ-
ing his parents — knows how to do both.
“We need to keep the art form thriving, not
just on life support,” he said. “I want to be
Seduced by the Chance to Enter a Whodunit
CONTINUED FROM PAGE C1
in a secluded cabin on a lake, has lived a
sheltered life. Here’s her chance to enter a
whodunit, to plunge into brewing drama
and into the sticky marrow of life.
The novel begins to explore what the poet
Kay Ryan, in her new book of essays, calls
“the small plop ordinary lives make,” and
the rage against that smallness.
The first thing you will notice about
“Death in Her Hands” is that, although
Vesta purchases a groovy all-black ninja
bodysuit, not much actual sleuthing gets
done. Most of the action takes place in her
teeming mind. She invents elaborate sce-
narios around Magda’s ostensible killing.
Vesta starts seeing things. Is someone
high in the trees watching her? Who’s been
in her house? Is that cop a demonic deity?
Death in Her Hands
Her thoughts make you remember that,
By Ottessa Moshfegh
when you meet your enemies in your mind,
259 pages. Penguin Press.
it’s always on a narrow bridge. You sense
$27.
her coming unstitched.
Or is someone malevolently toying with
Follow Dwight Garner on Twitter:
@DwightGarner.
THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
part of that. So if that means it’s Zoom, let’s
do it. If that means it’s socially distanced
and I teach the same class three units a day
just to get the same amount of students
through as one, I’ll do it. Whatever it takes.”
While visiting his family at his parents’
spacious new townhouse in Charlotte — a
gift from Matthias, his brother, who plays
for the New York Jets — Mr. Farley spoke
about his plans and hopes for his former
company.
What follows are edited excerpts from
that conversation.
What interests you in dance apart from
actually dancing?
From the beginning I knew I wanted to be a
dancer and a teacher and a choreographer
and a ballet master and a scholar. And I love
performing. I really do feel like I’m still at
the height of my powers of what I can do as a
dancer.
I can use movement as illustration as op-
posed to movement as performance. That’s
more exciting to me than continuing the
rhythm of doing class, rehearsal, perform-
ance. And I couldn’t have said that until
coming off the winter season.
What did you love about it?
I got to do multiple performances of all of
the different parts and to grow in them and
DWIGHT GARNER BOOKS OF THE TIMES
her? Vesta has recently purchased her lake
cabin. One recalls the primal lesson of
Scooby-Doo cartoons: Beware realtors.
Perhaps someone has filled Vesta’s woods
with the equivalent of the Ghost Army in
World War II, with its inflatable tanks
meant to frighten the Germans.
As you debate Vesta’s sanity, it becomes
plain that she is working out some issues.
Her late husband, Walter, belittled her and
preyed on his young female assistants.
There’s a hint that he approved of the Nazis.
Vesta cries over her lost life and wishes she
had “never met that awful, deleterious,
pompous man.” She refers to him as “my
captor.”
She tells us, “I was just a little old lady,
peacefully waiting out the rest of my life.”
But she’s not so mild-mannered. She relates
how, when she brings back a disappointing
library book, she really likes to slam it into
the return box.
She’s a brutal class snob. She stares in re-
vulsion at the overweight mothers, “the dull
heifers roaming the Save-Rite.” She thinks:
“Did they even think things to themselves?
Why did they look so idiotic, like domesti-
KENNEDI CARTER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
find nuances in the choreography. But I also
was able to know that that wasn’t the ulti-
mately fulfilling thing for this next chunk of
my life.
I don’t doubt that I may have been pro-
moted soon. That’s kind of immaterial to me
now because I feel really calm and peaceful
in my spirit knowing that to do the featured
work at that level it has to be your every-
thing.
We’ve had many conversations about race
and ballet. How do you see the current
moment? Have you attended to any pro-
tests?
I have not. When a lot of the big protests
were happening in Dallas, for example, I
was teaching every day for the summer in-
tensive at Dallas Ballet Center. I’m working
on a short dance film that’s a very direct ar-
tistic response to what’s happening. I may
not be actually in the street protesting at
this point, but I feel that the artistic process-
ing of what’s happening is as important for
that work toward justice. You need the di-
rect action and you also need the artistic
space for people to be able to reflect.
Do you feel that the black body is seen
differently now and has it changed your
relationship with your own?
I read Ta-Nehisi Coates’s “Between the
cated animals, chewing their cud until the
slaughter, half asleep.”
Perhaps if she’d not married Walter she
would have been an artist. “Death in Her
Hands” becomes a kind of allegory for the
work of a novelist. “Since his death, I’d
grown to be more poetic in my thinking,”
Vesta says. “Too much magic was dashed
by cold logic.”
On a library computer, Vesta visits a web
page called “Top Tips for Mystery Writers.”
She fills out a questionnaire meant to help
writers flesh out their characters. “I heard
her voice in my mindspace,” she says about
Magda. “I loved her the way I loved the little
seedlings soon to sprout in my new garden.”
Vesta and Magda. In “writing” about
Magda, is Vesta rewriting her own life?
(Sidebar: Vesta Gul is the sort of name you
think might be an anagram for something
else. The best I could come up with were
“Veal Guts” and “A Veg Slut.”)
Magda takes on a presence of her own —
it’s an increasingly dark one, like a wing
blotting the sun. Vesta’s cruelties are inter-
nal. Magda, in Vesta’s mind, performed
wicked acts. She tainted an enemy’s tooth-
N C5
ANDREA MOHIN/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Above, Silas Farley (center) in
Justin Peck’s “Rodeo: Four
Dance Episodes” in February,
part of his exceptional winter
season. Left, in Charlotte, N.C.
World and Me” a few years ago. He talks
about bodies pulled apart — that there’s an
irreducible physicality to the violence that
racism does. So, yes, I think people are
thinking differently about the black body,
but to be able to see the whole person: That
their blackness is obviously key in who they
are, but it’s not the totality of who they are.
I don’t want people to be colorblind.
There’s that thing people say, “I don’t even
see you as black.” And then you almost want
to ask them, ‘Well, are you blind?’ ”
What do you hope for City Ballet?
My hope is that the company will live up to
its foundational vision, which is that it
would be half black and half white, which at
the very least means epic leaps forward in
terms of the racial representation and
multiethnic nature of the company.
There is now a concerted effort for real
work to be done. That you were not just see-
ing brown and black and Asian faces on the
stage, but that these dancers were being
cultivated to consistently anchor the reper-
tory.
To move beyond the corps de ballet?
We’ve had that. That’s fantastic. But mean-
ingfully anchoring the principal ballet roles.
You were being cultivated in a way that
could inspire coming generations. Why give
that up?
I’ll be able to cultivate and develop people of
all different ethnic backgrounds even more
directly by being a teacher and choreogra-
pher and scholar. I can lay it down because
[the City Ballet dancers] Chris Grant is
coming up after me and Kennard Henson is
coming up after me and LaJeromeny
Brown is coming up after me and Victor
Abreu and Preston Chamblee.
We need all of this stuff about systemic
racial justice to be worked out in the make-
up of who’s writing the dance history. Who’s
choreographing the ballets? Who’s teach-
ing? Who’s training teachers? Who’s lectur-
ing? I can take up all of those other dimen-
sions.
brush with urine. She was a schoolyard
bully who laughed and pushed unpopular
kids down into the mud. She abused the eld-
erly man she was paid to care for.
Perhaps Magda’s body will turn up. Vesta
thinks she knows who the killer is. “People
feel so special, so wise, when someone they
know drops dead,” Moshfegh wrote in
“Homesick for Another World.” Maybe
Vesta knows Magda better than she thinks.
Like a so-so vacation that ripens in your
mind and begins to look quite rosy in retro-
spect, I liked “Death in Her Hands” more af-
ter it was over and I’d let it sit a few days. It
has an afterlife in your mind. From a dis-
tance, you can savor its trap doors.
If I sometimes wished I were sneak-read-
ing one of the author’s other books under
the table, well, I am a fool for that high
Moshfegh style.
Vesta has a vast interior life, but life has
reduced her. She’s like an ornamental shrub
that’s been ruthlessly espaliered. She put
me in mind of the critic Seymour Krim’s
comment that so very many people never
find “the professional skin to fit the riot in
their souls.”
 C6 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020

He Turned the Dark Knight Into Batman Lite

Left, Tommy Lee Jones, left,
By JASON BAILEY
and Jim Carrey in “Batman
When news broke on Monday of the direc- Forever.” Bottom, from left,
tor Joel Schumacher’s death, many obituar- Carrey, Chris O’Donnell, Val
ies led (as he might have expected) with the Kilmer, Joel Schumacher and
Caped Crusader. He steered “the Batman Nicole Kidman.
franchise into its most baroque territory,”
wrote The Associated Press.
That’s putting it mildly. The overt campi- imagination.
ness and winking theatricality of Schu- “Batman Forever,” on the other hand,
macher’s “Batman Forever” and “Batman opened its arms to that influence.
& Robin” have long been a point of polariza- The screenplay — credited to Lee Batch-
tion among fans of comic book movies, par- ler, Janet Scott Batchler, and Akiva Golds-
ticularly as a darker aesthetic, first estab- man — is gleefully goofy, filled with corny
lished by Tim Burton and then cemented on one-liners and leering double entendres.
movie screens by Christopher Nolan and Schumacher and his cinematographer,
Zack Snyder, has come to define the charac- Stephen Goldblatt (nominated for an Oscar,
ter. But Schumacher’s approach may well one of the film’s three nominations), cram
have saved the franchise. (And then, two their Dutch-angled frames with candy-
years later, nearly sunk it.) coated colors, neon lights and billowing dry
Schumacher seemed, to some, like an un- ice, while Elliot Goldenthal’s musical score
likely candidate to take the Bat-baton (Ba- takes the orchestral pomposity of Danny
ton?) from Burton. But throughout his ca- Elfman’s earlier “Batman” themes and
reer, there was rarely a specific idea of a cranks it up to 11.
“Joel Schumacher film”; he was closer to The performers similarly go for the
the filmmakers of the classic studio system, gusto: Jim Carrey is at his most unhinged
a journeyman who could take on just about (no small achievement), Tommy Lee Jones
any assignment he was tossed, deliver it on chews scenery like it’s his first meal in
time and on budget, and generate a profit. weeks, and Nicole Kidman vamps it up like
So he dabbled in rowdy comedy (“D.C. the daughter Dietrich didn’t know she had.
Cab”), touchy-feely dramedy (“St. Elmo’s Reviews were more mixed for “Forever”
Fire”), romantic comedy (“Cousins”), hor- — our critic called it, ironically enough, “the
ror (“The Lost Boys”) and sci-fi (“Flatlin- empty-calorie equivalent of a Happy Meal”
ers”). Warner Bros. handed him Batman — but audiences were ecstatic. It out-
based on the success of his adaptation of grossed “Batman Returns” both domesti-
John Grisham’s legal thriller “The Client.” cally and internationally, and Warner Bros.
It’s easy to forget how necessary that WARNER BROS.
quickly signed Schumacher for another in-
handoff was deemed at the time. stallment. Alas, he fell into something of the
Though “Batman Returns,” Burton’s 1992 “Returns,” Steve Daly whispered, “Word is same trap as Burton; taxed with reprising a
sequel to the record-breaking 1989 “Bat- they intend to make sure that ‘Batman 3’ mega-success, he leaned so far into his styl-
man,” was a commercial success, its and its progeny showcase a much less dark istic flourishes that he alienated a mass au-
grosses fell far short of its predecessor’s. Dark Knight — a kind of ‘Batman Lite’ — dience. “Batman & Robin” has acquired a
And while critical reaction was mostly pos- possibly without Burton at the helm.” That’s reputation as one of the worst blockbusters
itive, some complained about its gloomy exactly what happened, and that’s exactly of all time, and it’s not entirely unearned.
tone (Roger Ebert called it “odd and sad”). what they got. Sloppy, overcooked and painfully unfunny,
Plenty of parents agreed, put off by both the Schumacher’s critics (and there were it feels like exactly what it was: a filmed
dark violence and the subtle, leather-heavy many) often gleefully noted that his train- deal.
kinkiness of the relationship between Bat- ing was not in filmmaking but fashion, en- That failure caused a bit of retroactive
man and Catwoman. The studio teamed tering the film industry as a costume de- conflation of the two Schumacher pictures,
with McDonald’s on Happy Meal tie-in for signer. But that eye for flash and style was which is unfortunate. “Batman Forever”
the PG-13-rated film, but no one at the fast- clearly what Warner Bros. felt the franchise may not have proven a bellwether of big-
food giant had even seen the film when it needed at the time, after the bleak and bor- screen superhero entertainment, though a
devised the campaign, and a McDonald’s derline monochromatic look of Burton’s dose of self-aware silliness wouldn’t hurt
spokesman later told The New York Times Batmen — which were less comic-book the Very Serious Filmmakers at both Mar-
that the promotion “wasn’t intended to en- movies than graphic-novel movies, taking vel and DC one bit. But it may be the most
courage young kids to see the movie.” visible pains to separate themselves from succinct encapsulation of the Schumacher
In a July 1992 report in “Entertainment the campy and colorful 1960s television se- style: a big and gaudy, colorful and stylish,
Weekly” on the relative disappointment of ries that still loomed large in the popular cheerfully unapologetic crowd-pleaser.
JEFF KRAVITZ/FILMMAGIC, VIA GETTY IMAGES

JEANNETTE CATSOULIS FILM REVIEW

A Comedy Cursed by Its Star

A director’s 1970s AS THE TITLE WARNS, “The Ghost of Peter
movie debacle with Sellers” is the story of a haunting. It might
look like a documentary about the making
Peter Sellers of a cursed, never-released 1973 comedy;
becomes fodder for but this moving personal essay by the direc-
tor Peter Medak feels like nothing so much
something more. as an extended therapy session, one de-
signed to exorcise smarting memories and
make peace with a complicated past.
So much could have gone wrong — and
The Ghost
most of it did — when Medak and his notori-
of Peter Sellers
ously mercurial star, Peter Sellers (who
Not rated. Running time: died in 1980), headed to Cyprus to film
1 hour 33 minutes. Rent “Ghost in the Noonday Sun,” a farcical take
or buy on Amazon,
on 17th-century piracy. Neither arrived pre-
iTunes and other
pared, with Medak now acknowledging it
streaming platforms and
was inviting catastrophe to film at sea with
pay-TV operators.
a star who appeared not to have read the
script (partly written by Sellers’s friend and
frequent comic collaborator Spike Milli-
gan).
Calamitous from the outset, the shoot be-
gan with a drunken captain steering their
sailing ship onto rocks and Sellers, upset
over a recent breakup with Liza Minnelli,
immediately determined to sabotage the
production. His chronic lateness, script
complaints and frequent disappearances —
he even faked a heart attack — turned film-
ing into a nightmare and his young director
into a basket case. Fresh from the success of
“The Ruling Class” the year before, Medak
was ill-prepared for a star who, having tak-
en umbrage at his co-star, Anthony Fran-
ciosa, simply refused to share scenes with
him.
Still obsessing over this disaster more
than four decades later, Medak — who
would go on to make a series of notable
films like “The Changeling” (1980) and 1091
“The Krays” (1990) — returns to Cyprus to From left, Peter Medak, Peter Sellers and Spike Milligan while shooting a never-released comedy.
wander and ponder his near-derailed ca-
reer. Marvelous archival clips from the trou-
bled film play like dissociated, outlandish matter is, none of us knew how nuts.” Yet emotionalism that its entertaining contrib-
skits, the kind of inspired madness that of- Medak takes full blame for his role in the de- utors respond to with bracing, pick-your-
ten resulted whenever Sellers and Milligan bacle, his admiration for Sellers’s tor- self-up pragmatism.
shared the limelight. mented genius as evident as his own psy- Neither bitter nor maudlin, “The Ghost of
“I mean, it’s not as though we didn’t know chological wounds from a childhood in Nazi- Peter Sellers” is a movie about filmmaking
Peter was nuts,” the producer John Hey- occupied Hungary and later personal trage- and soul-searching, a tale of two Peters and
man says, grinning amiably. “Truth of the dies. This introspection gives the film an maybe the worst of times for both.

FILM REVIEWS

tails. The brotherly relationship
LOST BULLET between Lino — a genius me-
chanic lifted from jail to tur-
Not rated. Running time: 1 hour 33 bocharge a police unit’s chase
minutes. On Netflix.
. ................................................................... cars — and his protégé, Quentin
(Rod Paradot), doesn’t eat up
This impressively lean
screen time. Neither does Lino’s
French thriller wastes
barely-alluded-to romance with a
nothing in its quest to
cop named Julia (Stéfi Celma, of
deliver the goods.
Netflix’s “Call My Agent!”).
Take the plot, for example. Lino
Only at the very end do we
(Alban Lenoir) has been framed
discover that the bad guy leads a
for a murder he didn’t commit.
cozy domestic life with a wife and
The only way he can beat the
son. A lesser film might have
charge is to find an incriminating
bullet that the real culprit left spent several precious minutes
embedded in the dashboard. exploring that setup to humanize
The director, Guillaume Pierret, him, but Pierret clearly was not
making a confident feature debut interested: Who cares about some
on Netflix, wisely doesn’t become rotten dude’s inner life? Lino
the cops, stat! in Bonni Cohen and Jon Shenk’s tics (who has since been sheep farm in Chile that can be
This bare-knuckle minimalism
extends to the film’s style. Pierret
latest documentary (out now on
Netflix), about the organization’s
charged), and Rhonda Faehn, the
organization’s former vice presi-
reached only by boat, he is a giant
man and probably a gentle one —
avoids the crutches familiar to long history of abuse and cover- dent, turned a blind eye for years, although he has a habit of sneak-
numerous survivors have said. ing into people’s houses, and the
many American movies: Guns ups. Though it focuses on one
don’t figure much besides the main perpetrator, the film adeptly The athletes endured cyberbully- prospect of attending a music
ing for speaking out and invasive festival seems to enrage him.
shot that gets Lino in trouble, and juggles various moving parts,
investigations into their sexual Whatever happened with his
there aren’t big explosions, either. such as the ruthless nature of
history to discredit their claims. singing career haunts him to a
Rather, the action scenes rely on training and the aftermath of
These women get some form of degree that he now barely uses
legible choreography and fluid speaking out.
belated justice, but there’s a lot his voice at all, even to speak.
editing. Whoever directs the next One of these parts involves The
more work to be done — which It’s a striking fate for the vocal-
Jack Reacher movie would be Indianapolis Star, the newspaper
becomes shatteringly clear when ist behind an English-language
well advised to study the set piece that first ran an article in 2016
it is revealed that, all in all, smash with the rather on-the-
in which Lino kicks and punches about the institutional abuse
roughly 500 women came forward nose title “Nobody Knows I’m
his way out of a police station, within U.S.A. Gymnastics. After
about Nassar. Here.” The movie, proceeding
and the final chase is straight out that piece ran, the reporters
KRISTEN YOONSOO KIM through gliding camera moves
of “Mad Max” in its heart-pound- started receiving responses from
and stretches of plotless routine,
ing simplicity. former gymnasts about Nassar,
concerns how Memo finally as-
The finale is open enough to
suggest a sequel is feasible. It
who, under the guise of medical
practice, sexually abused hun- NOBODY KNOWS serts his presence, thanks partly

I’M HERE
bogged down in extraneous de- needs to get that red Renault to to a friendship with Marta (Mil-
can’t come quickly enough. dreds of girls and young women.
laray Lobos), who visits regularly
ELISABETH VINCENTELLI The doctor seemed “nice” or
Not rated. In Spanish, with subtitles. from the mainland.
“quirky,” according to interview- Running time: 1 hour 40 minutes. On Memo, painting his nails and
ees, especially compared to their
ATHLETE A
Netflix. dressing up in a glittery garment,
. ...................................................................
militant coaches, notably Bela daydreams about the life that
Rated PG-13 for mature thematic and Martha Karolyi, who many A peculiar, semisweet, slightly might have been. “Nobody Knows
content. Running time: 1 hour 43 athletes have said perpetuated an mysterious slow burn, “Nobody I’m Here” makes a narrative
minutes. On Netflix. oppressive environment ripe for Knows I’m Here,” the debut fea- strategy out of withheld informa-
. ...................................................................
all kinds of other abuse, including ture of Gaspar Antillo, introduces tion, abrupt elisions and possible
“Athlete A” was a moniker given weight-shaming. its protagonist, Memo, by cutting fantasy sequences. (An alarm-
to the anonymous athlete who Cohen and Shenk amplify the between him at two ages. As a ingly profuse stress-vomit be-
first reported Larry Nassar, the voices of the survivors while child (Lukas Vergara), he was a longs in that last group, one
Olympic doctor and convicted recognizing that Nassar’s arrest rising pop star. But as an adult hopes.) Not all the misdirection is
child abuser, to U.S.A. Gymnas- doesn’t dissipate the pain or (Jorge Garcia, best known as elegant, but the film’s tenderness
tics. That gymnast, who has since deep-rooted exploitation. Steve Hurley from “Lost”), he couldn’t flowers in a lovely, unexpected
MICKAEL MONGIN/NETFLIX revealed her identity, is Maggie Penny, the former president and be more anonymous: Living with final shot.
Alban Lenoir plays a mechanic in “Lost Bullet,” full of fast cars and quick fists. Nichols, one of the brave subjects chief executive of U.S.A. Gymnas- his uncle (Luis Gnecco) on a BEN KENIGSBERG
 THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 N C7

EVENING
7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00
What’s On Wednesday
2 WCBS Inside Edition (N) Entertainment Game On! “Celebrity Guests: Tony SEAL Team “All Along the Watchtower: S.W.A.T. “Vice.” An escaped convict CBS 2 News at The Late Show With Stephen Colbert
(PG) Tonight (N) Hale & Bobby Moynihan.” Tony Hale; Part 1.” Ray and Clay’s compound is plans to kill Tan. (14) 11PM (N) Comic Jon Stewart. (N) (PG) (11:35) A documentary about U.S.A. Gymnastics
Bobby Moynihan. (N) (PG) attacked. (Part 1 of 2) (14) debuts on Netflix. And a spinoff wraps up on
4 WNBC Access Hollywood All Access (N) Chicago Med “Pain Is for the Living.” Chicago Fire “Best Friend Magic.” An Chicago P.D. “No Regrets.” Burgess News 4 NY at
The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Lifetime.
Hero of the day. (PG) Two brothers are rushed to the hos- unexpected visit throws Casey. (14) receives a shocking diagnosis. (14) 11 (N) Fallon Russell Crowe; Ben Platt. (N)
(N) (PG) pital. (14) (14) (11:34)
5 WNYW Extra (N) (PG) The Big Bang MasterChef “The Blind Chicken Show.” Ultimate Tag “No One’s Faster Than Fox 5 News at 10 (N) The Big Bang The- The Big Bang The- Modern Family
Theory “The VCR The top 18 compete in a team chal- the Flow.” Six more contestants join
Illumination.” (PG) lenge. (14) the taggers. (N) (PG)
ory (14) ory “The Weekend “Little Bo Bleep.”
Vortex.” (PG)
What’s Streaming
7 WABC Jeopardy! (G) Wheel of Fortune Taking the Stage: African American Music and Stories That Changed Ameri- Marvel’s Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. “A Eyewitness News Jimmy Kimmel Nightline (N)
(G) ca New Smithsonian museum opening. (PG) Trout in the Milk.” The Zephyr unex- at 11 (N) Live! Comic Bill (12:06)
pectedly leaps forward. (N) (14) Burr. (14) (11:35)
9 WWOR Family Feud (PG) Family Feud (PG) Dateline “The Last Dance.” A popular Dateline “Deadly Exchange.” A game Family Feud (PG) Family Feud (PG) The Book of Sean Out Loud with
teacher goes missing. (PG) ends in deadly consequences. Claudia Jordan
11 WPIX black-ish (PG) black-ish “Elder. The 100 “Nakara.” A planet is not what Bulletproof “Episode 3.” A search for a PIX11 News at Ten (N) Seinfeld (Part 1 of Seinfeld “The Friends (PG)
Scam.” (14) it seems. (N) (14) missing girl. (N) (14) 2) (PG) Gum.” (PG)
13 WNET PBS NewsHour (N) Spy in the Wild: A Nature Miniseries Nova “Australia’s First 4 Billion Years: Prehistoric Road Trip “We Dig Dino- Amanpour and Company (N) MetroFocus
“Intelligence.” (PG) Life Explodes.” (PG) saurs.” Cretaceous period. (N) (G)
21 WLIW MetroFocus SciTech Now (G) Pomp: Under the Circumstances American Masters “Toni Morrison: The Pieces I Am.” (14) MetroFocus World News Amanpour-Co
25 WNYE 92Y on N.Y.C.Life Secrets Blueprint: N.Y.C. Neighborhood Eating Harlem $9.99 Bare Feet-N.Y.C. Brooklyn Savvy Build N.Y.C. Skindigenous
31 WPXN Law & Order “Smoke.” (14) Law & Order “Couples.” (14) Law & Order “Bodies.” (14) Law & Order “Bounty.” (14) Law & Order “Patient Zero.” (14) Law & Order (14)
41 WFUT2 Secrets Of The Morgue (14) Murder She Solved (14) The Last 24 “Secrets in Suburbia.” Cruise Ship Killers (10:01) F.B.I.: Criminal Pursuit (14) Bizarre Murders
MELISSA J. PERENSON/CAL SPORT MEDIA, VIA NETFLIX
47 WNJU Minuto para ganar (N) (G) Cennet (N) (PG) 100 días para enamorarnos (N) Enemigo “’intimo (N) (14) Noticiero 47 Noticias Titulares y más
48 WRNN Operation Smile Grow Hair Fast! Robot No More Den No Dentures Try Total Gym Rare Silver Can’tHear Paid Program Grow Hair Fast! Maggie Nichols
49 CPTV PBS NewsHour (N) Spy in the Wild: A Nature Nova (PG) Prehistoric Road Trip (N) (G) Antiques Roadshow (G) NHK Newsline
50 WNJN NJTV Gala Trib NJTV News Pomp: Under the Circumstances Press on Masterpiece (14) (8:59) Press on Masterpiece (14) (10:01) NJTV News Drive by History World News
ATHLETE A (2020) Stream on Netflix. In
55 WLNY Last-Standing Last-Standing Dr. Phil (Part 2 of 2) (14) WLNY News at 9PM (N) Judge Judy (PG) Judge Judy (PG) 2 Broke Girls 2 Broke Girls Ent. Tonight
August 2016, The Indianapolis Star pub-
63 WMBC China Grow Hair Fast! Paint Like A Prostate Health Transform Relief Paint Like A Hydroshot Bathroom? Pain Relief New YOU!
lished an investigation into U.S.A. Gymnas-
68 WFUT ¿Qué culpa tiene Fatmagül? (N) Reto 4 elementos: Naturaleza extrema Otra pareja llega al inframundo. (N) (14) Noticiero Univ. Vas con todo Yurem y Eleazar Gómez se desnudarán.
tics, which failed to report sexual assault
accusations regarding several of its
PREMIUM CABLE
coaches. Not long after, the newspaper
FLIX Days of Thunder (1990). Stock-car Booty Call (1997). Jamie Foxx. Hollywood’s first condom Anaconda (1997). Documentary crew battles fiendish 40- Cutting Class (1989). Donovan Leitch, Jill Schoelen.
racers. Loud, pretentious, flat. (6) comedy. Frantic, bawdy farce. (R) foot reptile. You’ll root for the snake. (PG-13) High-school slasher. (R) reported accusations of repeated sexual
HBO Ad Astra (2019). Brad Pitt, Tommy Perry Mason “Chapter One.” Perry Ma- . Crash (2005). Sandra Bullock. Racial tensions collide in collection of inter- Ready or Not (2019). Samara Weaving. Young bride is assault against Lawrence G. Nassar, a
Lee Jones. (PG-13) (5:55) son and a kidnapping case. (MA) twined L.A. lives. Blunt, tangled, emotionally urgent Oscar winner. (R) prey in new family’s hunt. Blunt satire. (R) (10:55) doctor who treated hundreds of young
HBO2 The Kitchen (2019). Melissa McCar- The Outsider “Fish in a Barrel.” (MA) The Outsider “Roanoke.” Conflicting The Outsider “Dark Uncle.” Jack has a The Outsider “Que Viene el Coco.” The Outsider (MA) women and girls, many of whom were on
thy, Tiffany Haddish. (R) (6:15) evidence baffles Ralph. (MA) hair-raising experience. (9:57) (MA) (10:57) (11:56)
MAX The Last Kiss (2006). Zach Braff, Ca- Rise of the Planet of the Apes (2011). Experiment results . Project X (2012). Thomas Mann. Birthday party slides Happy Death Day 2U (2019). Jessica Rothe, Israel Brous- the U.S. Olympic and World Championships
sey Affleck. (R) (6:15) in superintelligent chimp. Smart dumb fun. (PG-13) into chaos. Animal House for millenials. (R) (9:45) sard. (PG-13) (11:15) teams. This documentary follows the re-
SHO Ode to Joy (2019). Martin Freeman, The Affair “110.” Detective Jeffries The Chi “Foe ’Nem.” Ronnie struggles . Boogie Nights (1997). Mark Wahlberg, Burt Reynolds. Porn film producer shepherds busboy porters who broke the story, chronicling the
Morena Baccarin. (R) (6:15) makes progress. (MA) to find his way. (MA) to 70’s fame before bubble bursts. Crowded and entertaining. (R)
hurdles they faced as they sought to expose
SHO2 . Clear and Present Danger (1994). Harrison Ford, Willem Dafoe. Colombi- . Unforgiven (1992). Clint Eastwood, Gene Hackman. Bloody revenge in Old . A Clockwork Orange (1971). Tamed rebel of future, via
an drug cartel. Gripping thriller. (PG-13) (6:30) West. Peak Eastwood western, without good guys. (R) Kubrick. Glacial but brilliantly effective. (R) (11:15) U.S.A. Gymnastics, and features Maggie
STARZ The Wood (1999). Omar Epps, Sean Nelson. Young men reminisce about The Intruder (2019). Deranged ex-homeowner harasses The Whole Nine Yards (2000). Bruce Willis, Matthew Perry. Nice-guy dentist Nichols, a gymnast who helped bring these
sexual coming of age. Savvy and warm-hearted. (R) (7:11) new residents. More silly than scary. (PG-13) and new mobster neighbor. Underwhelming. (R) (10:45) accusations to light.
STZENC Friends With Benefits (2011). Justin Timberlake, Mila Kunis. Friends, both The Sweetest Thing (2002). Beautiful young woman who Night at the Museum (2006). Ben Stiller, Carla Gugino. Museum exhibits
dumped, add sex to their menu. Scream of rom-coms. (R) (7:08) can’t commit. Tacky and tasteless. (R) spring to life when the sun goes down. Overstuffed grab bag. (PG) (10:27)
TMC I Feel Pretty (2018). Amy Schumer, . While You Were Sleeping (1995). Sandra Bullock, Bill Under the Tuscan Sun (2003). Disillusioned American woman buys villa and St. Elmo’s Fire (1985). Rob Lowe,
Michelle Williams. (PG-13) (6) Pullman. (PG) moves to Italy. Superficial silliness, but in such a nice neighborhood. (9:45) Demi Moore. (R) (11:40)
CABLE
7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00
A&E The First 48 “Last Stop: Paradise; Bad The First 48 “Blood Lust.” A killer The First 48 “Murder on Maiden The First 48 “A Man’s Game.” An Atlan- The First 48 “Shattered Glass.” A The First 48
Blood.” (14) prowls the streets of Atlanta. (14) Lane.” (14) ta man is shot and left to die. young mother is beaten to death. (14) “Blood Lust.” (14)
AHC Codes and Conspiracies (PG) Ultimate Warfare (PG) Greatest Tank Battles Greatest Tank Battles Greatest Tank Battles Tank Battles
AMC . Gladiator (2000). Russell Crowe, The Day After Tomorrow (2004). Dennis Quaid, Jake Gyllenhaal. Global warming leads to new ice The Day After Tomorrow (2004). Dennis Quaid. Global warming leads to new
Joaquin Phoenix. (R) (4:30) age. Odd how much is played for laughs. (PG-13) ice age. Odd how much is played for laughs. (PG-13)
APL North Woods Law (PG) North Woods Law “Shakedown.” North Woods Law: Still Hunting North Woods Law (PG) North Woods Law (PG) North Woods
BBCA Footloose (1984). (PG) (5:30) The Karate Kid (1984). Ralph Macchio, Pat Morita. Victimized student aided by karate master. Cluttered. (PG) The Karate Kid Part II (1986). Ralph Macchio. (PG)
ICARUS FILMS AND DISTRIB FILMS
BET Tyler Perry’s Why Did I Get Married Too? (2010). Struggles of four married Tyler Perry’s The Oval “Call of Duty.” American Soul “Say You Love Me.” Tyler Perry’s The Oval “Call of Duty.” American Soul
couples. Something for everyone, if you don’t expect much. (6) (N) (14) (N) (14) (14) (14) Marie-Claire Olivia
BLOOM Bloomberg Daybreak: Asia (N) (Live) Bloomberg Markets: China Open Bloomberg Markets: Asia (N) (Live) (G) Gold 1901
BRV The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills Watch What Hap- Cash Cab (N) (PG) Cash Cab (N) (PG) Cash Cab (PG) Cash Cab (PG) OLIVIA (1954) Stream on Criterion. “A fasci-
“Petty Mess.” (14) “That Was Weird.” (14) (N) (14) pens Live nating study of love and repression by
CBSSN Sports Spectacular Bellator MMA Recharged From July 17, 2015. Bellator MMA Recharged From July 16, 2016. Bellator MMA Recharged From Nov. 10, 2016. Jacqueline Audry (1908-1977), a French
CMT Last-Standing Last-Standing Mom (14) Mom (14) Mom (14) Mom (14) Mom (14) Mom (14) The Lincoln Lawyer (2011). Matthew McConaughey. (R) director who has long been hiding in plain
CN Wrld, Gumball We Bare Bears American Dad American Dad American Dad Rick and Morty Bob’s Burgers Bob’s Burgers Family Guy (14) Family Guy (14) Robot Chicken sight,” “Olivia” is a landmark of feminist,
CNBC CNBC Special Report (N) Shark Tank A solution for lost pacifi- Shark Tank A cold brew coffee kit. Jay Leno’s Garage “Road Trip.” (N) Jay Leno’s Garage “Dare to Be Differ- Jay Leno’s Garage lesbian cinema, J. Hoberman wrote of its
ers. (PG) (PG) (PG) ent.” (PG) (PG)
Erin Burnett OutFront (N) Anderson Cooper 360 (N) Cuomo Prime Time (N) CNN Tonight with Don Lemon (N) CNN Tonight with Don Lemon (N) Anderson Cooper
revival for The New York Times. The story
CNN
360 is based on a novel of the same title by
COM South Park (MA) South Park “Cartman Sucks.” (MA) South Park (MA) South Park “Fat South Park (MA) South Park “Le South Park (MA) The Daily Show South Park (MA) South Park “The Dorothy Bussy, published in 1949, before its
(7:10) (7:45) (8:20) Camp.” (8:55) Petit Tourette.” (11:45) Snuke.” (12:15) film release in France in 1951. By its 1954
COOK Brew & ’Que Brew & ’Que Man Fire Food Man Fire Food Man Fire Food Man Fire Food Delicious Delicious Delicious Delicious Man Fire Food
New York release, however, the film had
CSPAN Public Affairs Events Politics and Public Policy Today Politics-Public
taken on a new title: “Pit of Loneliness,”
CSPAN2 U.S. Senate (N) Public Affairs Events Public Affairs
adding to the feeling of tension in the
CUNY Classic Arts Showcase (G) Beyond the Bot Tony Guida I Am a Dreamer Lincoln Center Eldridge & Co. Stoler Rpt Conversat Bob Herbert’s Democracy
French finishing school where the story
DIS Raven’s Home (G) Big City Greens Big City Greens Amphibia (Y7) The Owl House Gabby Duran & Bunk’d (G) Bunk’d “Lake Ran- Big City Greens Amphibia (Y7) Just Roll With It
(7:05) (Y7) (7:35) (Y7) (8:25) (G) (8:50) the Unsittables (10:05) cid.” (G) (Y7) (10:55) (11:20) (Y7) (12:10) takes place. The school is run by two head
DIY Holmes: Next Generation (G) Holmes & Holmes (G) Holmes & Holmes (G) Holmes & Holmes (G) Holmes & Holmes (G) Holmes teachers, Miss Julie (Edwige Feuillère) and
DSC Expedition Unknown: Uncovered Expedition Unknown: Uncovered Expedition Unknown “Josh Gates To- Mysteries of the Deep “Hunt For Noah’s Ark.” Shedding Expedition Un- Expedition Un- Miss Cara (Simone Simon), who compete
“Egypt’s Lost Queens.” (N) (PG) “Lost Tomb of the Mummy.” (N) (PG) night: Show Me the Mummy.” (N) light on the biblical story. (PG) (10:14) known (11:17) known for the affections of their students. But
E! Chrisley Knows Chrisley Knows Chrisley Knows Chrisley Knows Chrisley Knows Chrisley Knows Chrisley Knows Chrisley Knows Chrisley Knows Nightly Pop (N) Sex and the City their dynamic is thrown into disarray when
ELREY ¡Maria! (N) (14) El Rey Nation El Rey Nation El Rey Nation El Rey Nation ¡Maria! Latinos in elected positions. Crow’s Blood Lucha Under Olivia (Marie-Claire Olivia), a new student
ESPN 30 for 30 The Undefeated Presents Giants of Africa (2016). The Australian Dream (2019). AFL legend Adam Goodes shares his story. with a crush on one of the teachers, comes
ESPN2 Extreme Games Recap Tony Hawk World of X Games The Undefeated Presents ACL Cornhole to the school. The result is “a compound of
ESPNCL College Football (6) College Football College Football College Football velvet innuendos — polite, discreet and
FOOD Guy’s Grocery Games (G) Guy’s Grocery Games (G) Guy’s Grocery Games (N) (G) Guy’s Grocery Games (G) Guy’s Grocery Games (G) Guy’s Games finely wrought,” Bosley Crowther wrote in
FOXNEWS The Story With Martha MacCallum Tucker Carlson Tonight (N) Hannity (N) The Ingraham Angle (N) Fox News at Night With Shannon Tucker Carlson his 1954 review in The Times.
(N) Bream (N) Tonight
FREEFRM Despicable Me 2 (2013). Voices of Steve Carell, Kristen Wiig. (PG) Puss in Boots (2011). Voices of Antonio Banderas, Salma Hayek. (PG) The 700 Club The Boxtrolls
FS1 Greatest Races: Nascar From Feb. 20, 2005. Greatest Races From May 6, 2018.
FUSE Blade II (2002). Powerful mutant vampires. (R) (5:30) Blade: Trinity (2004). Wesley Snipes, Kris Kristofferson. (R) White People Genius X Fuse Genius X Fuse My Wife & Kids
FX Pacific Rim Uprising (2018). John Transformers: The Last Knight (2017). Mark Wahlberg, Anthony Hopkins. Autobots vs. Decepticons, this time at Stonehenge. Hopkins Baby Driver (2017). Ansel Elgort. An-
Boyega. (PG-13) (5:30) makes it bearable. (PG-13) sel Elgort, Kevin Spacey. (R)
FXM Maze Runner: Only the Brave (2017). Josh Brolin, Miles Teller. Firefighting team risks all to protect Arizona town. Real feeling flares Men of Honor (2000). Robert De Niro, Cuba Gooding Jr. Navy’s first black div-
Scorch Trials up. (PG-13) (7:35) er. Square and sentimental, but at least it’s not cynical. (R) (10:20)
FXX Straight Outta Compton (2015). O’Shea Jackson Jr. (R) (6) Straight Outta Compton (2015). N.W.A. revolutionizes music and culture. Exultant rap-to-riches story. (R) Family Guy (14)
FYI Storage Wars Storage Wars Storage Wars Storage Wars Storage Wars Storage Wars Storage Wars Storage Wars Storage Wars Storage Wars Storage Wars
GOLF Playing Lessons P.G.A. TOUR Golf’s Greatest Rounds Tiger Woods wins his first British Open. Golf Central Golf’s Greatest
GSN America Says America Says America Says Master Minds Family Feud Family Feud Family Feud Family Feud Family Feud Family Feud Family Feud
HALL The Sweetest Heart (2018, TVF). (6) The Last Bridesmaid (2019, TVF). Rachel Boston, Paul Campbell. Golden Girls Golden Girls Golden Girls Golden Girls Golden Girls MAGNOLIA PICTURES
HGTV Property Brothers: Forever Home Hot Mess House Hot Mess House Property Brothers (N) (PG) (9:01) House Hunters Hunters Int’l Unsellable Unsellable Property Bro
Zoey Deutch
HIST Forged in Fire: Beat the Judges Forged in Fire: Beat the Judges “Dual Forged in Fire: Beat the Judges Counting Cars “Little Red Corvette.” Forged in Fire: Beat the Judges “Me- Forged in Fire:
“Short Sword Damascus.” (PG) Swords.” (PG) “Smith’s Choice.” (N) (PG) (N) (PG) (10:03) dieval Times.” (PG) (11:05) Beat the Judges
BUFFALOED (2020) Stream on Hulu. Peg
HLN Forensic Files Forensic Files Forensic Files Forensic Files Very Scary People “Charles Manson: The Devil’s Work.” (Part 2 of 2) Forensic Files Forensic Files Forensic Files
Dahl (Zoey Deutch), a native of Buffalo, is
ID Homicide Hunter: Lt. Joe Kenda See No Evil “Happy Birthday to Drew.” See No Evil “Cold Feet.” An investiga- The Case That Haunts Me “Cruel and See No Evil “The Lady Vanishes.” (14) See No Evil “Cold
“Confession.” (14) (14) tion into a disappearance. (N) (14) Unusual.” (N) (14) Feet.” (14) a natural hustler. She resents her city’s
IFC Parks and Recre- Parks and Recre- Parks and Recre- Parks and Recre- Parks and Recre- Parks and Recre- Parks and Recre- Parks and Recre- Parks and Recre- Parks and Recre- Parks and Recre- stagnant economy, and she’s determined to
ation (PG) ation (PG) ation (PG) ation (PG) ation (PG) ation (PG) ation (PG) ation (PG) ation (PG) ation (PG) ation (PG) be financially independent; not even a stint
LIFE Married at First Sight “Couples’ Cam: l Married at First Sight “Couples’ Married at First Sight “Australia: Sea- Married at First Sight “Australia: Sea- Married at First Sight “Couples’ Cam: Married at First
New Life.” (14) Cam: Episode 6.” (N) (14) son 7, Episode 8.” (N) (14) son 7, Episode 9.” (N) (10:03) Episode 6.” (14) (11:03) Sight (14) (12:01)
in jail for forgery could stop her. But when
LIFEMOV The Babysitter’s Revenge (2020, Who Wants Me Dead? (2020). Jade Harlow, Karynn Moore. Woman must Revenge for Daddy (2020). Sarah Butler, Joely Fisher. Secret daughter has it Who Wants Me Peg secures a desk in a fraudulent debt-
TVF). Bree Turner, Aviva Mongillo. (6) protect niece from greedy family. out for half-sister. Dead? (2020). collection agency, she finds her true calling.
7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00 It isn’t long before Peg takes her talents
LOGO Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With elsewhere, and the shop she starts with a
Children (PG) Children (PG) Children (PG) Children (PG) Children (PG) Children (PG) Children (PG) Children (PG) Children (PG) Children (PG) Children (PG)
crew of misfits leads to an interagency
MLB Walk-Off Stories: Crazy-Baseball M.L.B. Tonight A look back at how M.L.B. Tonight covered the wild final day of the 2011 M.L.B. season. Walk-Off Stories: Crazy-Baseball M.L.B. Tonight
feud. “Simultaneously rowdy and slick,
MSG MSG 150-Home Best of Jagr Best of Jagr From March 22, 2006. MSG 150-Home Best of Spree
‘Buffaloed’ is exuberantly paced and en-
MSGPL Devils March to the Cup Devils March to the Cup Devils March to the Cup
tirely dependent on Deutch’s moxie and
MSNBC MSNBC Live: Decision 2020 (N) All In With Chris Hayes (N) The Rachel Maddow Show (N) The Last Word The 11th Hour Rachel Maddow
pell-mell performance,” Jeannette Catsoulis
MTV Ridiculousness Ridiculousness The Challenge “Total Madness: Victim of Love.” (N) Ridiculousness Ridiculousness Ridiculousness Ridiculousness Ridiculousness Ridiculousness
wrote for The Times, adding that “Brian
NBCS 2016 Paralympic Games Gold medal game. 2016 Paralympic Games 2016 Paralympic Games Gold medal game. Mecum Auto Auctions “Monterey.”
Sacca’s script is zippily entertaining.”
NGEO Wicked Tuna: Outer Banks (14) Wicked Tuna: Outer Banks (14) Wicked Tuna: Outer Banks (14) Wicked Tuna: Outer Banks (10:03) Wicked Tuna: Outer Banks (11:03) Wicked Tuna
NICK SpongeBob SpongeBob Young Dylan SpongeBob Friends (14) Friends (14) Friends (14) Friends (14) Friends (14) Friends “The One in Barbados.” (14)
NICKJR
NY1
Paw Patrol (Y)
News/Evening
Blaze, Monster
Inside City Hall
Bubble Guppies
News/Evening
Blue’s Clues
News/Evening
Peppa Pig (Y)
News/Evening
Peppa Pig (Y)
News/Evening
Peppa Pig (Y)
News/Evening
Peppa Pig (Y)
News/Evening
Bubble Guppies
News All Night
Blue’s Clues
News All Night
Peppa Pig (Y)
News All Night
What’s on TV
OVA The Craft (1996). Teenage witches. Cheesy but entertaining. (R) . Bram Stoker’s Dracula (1992). Gary Oldman, Winona Ryder. (R) Tremors (1990). Kevin Bacon. (PG-13)
MARRIED AT FIRST SIGHT: COUPLES’ CAM
OWN 20/20: Homicide 20/20 on OWN “After Midnight.” 20/20 on OWN “The Killer Clown?” 20/20 on OWN (14) 20/20: Homicide 20/20 on OWN
8 p.m. on Lifetime. This spinoff of “Married
OXY Dateline: Secrets Uncovered (PG) Dateline: Secrets Uncovered “Deadly Valentine.” (PG) Dateline: Secrets Uncovered “Haunting.” (PG) Dateline: Secr.
. Catch Me if You Can (2002). Leonardo DiCaprio, Tom Hanks. (PG-13)
at First Sight” follows couples who met
PARMT Two/Half Men Two/Half Men Taken 2 (2012). Liam Neeson, Maggie Grace. (PG-13)
during 10 seasons of the original show as
SCIENCE Bermuda Triangle How It’s Made (N) (G) Building Giants (N) (G) Sea Monsters (N) (PG) Engineering Catastrophes (PG) Building Giants
they navigate domestic life together.
SMITH Aerial America (G) Titanoboa: Monster Snake Titanoboa is known as the largest snake. (PG) Aerial Africa “Namibia.” (PG) Titanoboa: Monster Snake (PG)
Through mounted cameras, diary cams and
SNY Mets Classics Game 3. (6:30) Baseball Night Mets Classics Game 4.
video chats, viewers get an intimate
STZENF Alvin-Frankenstein Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet McFarland, U.S.A. (2015). Kevin Costner, Maria Bello. (PG) (9:05) Bears (2014). Documentary. (G) (11:15)
glimpse into the lives of their favorite
SUN Criminal Minds “Catching Out.” Serial Criminal Minds “The Instincts.” Abduc- Criminal Minds “Memoriam.” Dr. Reid Criminal Minds “Masterpiece.” Solving Criminal Minds “52 Pickup.” A serial Criminal Minds
killer jumps trains. (14) tion of a boy in Las Vegas. (14) investigates an old murder. (14) a murder in reverse. (14) killer lures women into danger. (14) “Married at First Sight” participants. The
SYFY Law Abiding Citizen (2009). Jamie Foxx, Gerard Butler. Prosecutor gets The Mummy Returns (2000). Brendan Fraser, Rachel Weisz. Archaeologists and son in action The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon series culminates in this season finale,
caught in vengeful prisoner’s scheme. Blunt and sadistic. (6:34) adventure. Makes Indiana Jones seem like Henry James. (PG-13) Emperor (2008). (PG-13) (11:45) where Shawniece prepares for her business
TBS The Big Bang The- The Big Bang The- The Big Bang The- The Big Bang The- The Big Bang The- The Big Bang The- The Big Bang The- Full Frontal With Conan (14) Full Frontal With Seinfeld “The Pony
ory (PG) ory (PG) ory (PG) ory (PG) ory (PG) ory (PG) ory (PG) Samantha Bee Samantha Bee Remark.”
opening, Austin hosts Jessica’s graduation
TCM Cattle King (1963). Wyoming pio- Beach Party (1963). Annette Funicello. Anthropologist It’s a Bikini World (1967). Deborah Walley, Tommy Kirk. Teenage sexist poses Palm Springs Weekend (1963). Youth party, and Danielle and Bobby get their
neers. Standard, harmless. (6:30) studies California teenagers. Nitwit special. as own brother. Teeny-weeny dud. (9:45) at play and not the worst. pregnancy test results.
TLC My 600-Lb. Life (14) (6) My 600-Lb. Life “Angela’s Story.” Angela’s family can’t go to Texas. (PG) 1000-Lb. Sisters (14) 1000-Lb. Sisters “Under the Knife.” My 600-Lb. Life MARIEL WAMSLEY
TNT 2 Fast 2 Furious (2003). Paul Walker, All Elite Wrestling: Dynamite AEW Champ Jon Moxley in action. Rush Hour (1998). L.A. detective and Hong Kong supercop on kidnapping Rush Hour 2
Tyrese. (PG-13) (6) case. Kick-happy buddy film, delivered with prankster’s ease. (PG-13) (2001). (PG-13) ONLINE: TELEVISION LISTINGS
TRAV Legend of Bigfoot (PG) (6) Expedition Bigfoot “Back to the Woods: Dangerous Evidence.” (N) (14) Bigfoot is Real (N) (14) Bigfoot Is Real (14) Exped. Bigfoot Daily television highlights, recent reviews by
TRU Imp. Jokers Imp. Jokers Imp. Jokers Imp. Jokers Imp. Jokers Imp. Jokers Amy Sedaris Imp. Jokers Imp. Jokers Imp. Jokers Amy Sedaris The Times's critics, series recaps and what to
TVLAND Andy Griffith Andy Griffith Love-Raymond Everybody Loves Raymond (8:45) Love-Raymond Two/Half Men Two/Half Men King of Queens King of Queens King of Queens watch recommendations. nytimes.com/tv
USA NCIS “Date With Destiny.” Sloane W.W.E. NXT NXT North American Championship match. Wanted (2008). James McAvoy, Angelina Jolie. Office drone joins society of assassins. Indifferent
thinks her torturer is alive. (14) goof on Matrix and Fight Club. (R)
Definitions of symbols used in Ratings:
VH1 Wild ’n Out Wild ’n Out Wild ’n Out Wild ’n Out Wild ’n Out Wild ’n Out Wild ’n Out Wild ’n Out Wild ’n Out Wild ’n Out Wild ’n Out the program listings: (Y) All children
VICE Always Sunny Always Sunny Always Sunny Always Sunny Waco: Madman or Messiah “Part 2.” (Part 2 of 2) (14) VICE News Tattoo Age (14) Waco: Madman ★ Recommended film (Y7) Directed to older children
✩ Recommended series (G) General audience
WE Law & Order “Justice.” Man may be Law & Order “Marathon.” Briscoe and Law & Order “Patsy.” A young woman Law & Order “Blood Money.” A life-in- Law & Order “Sundown.” The detec- Law & Order “Loco ● New or noteworthy program (PG) Parental guidance
wrongly convicted. (14) Green feud. (14) is bludgeoned into a coma. surance salesman is murdered. (14) tives hunt a gigolo. (14) Parentis.” (N) New show or episode suggested
(CC) Closed-caption (14) Parents strongly cautioned
WGN-A Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With Married . With
(HD) High definition (MA) Mature audience only
YES YES We’re Here YES We’re Here Nets Classics From Feb. 13, 2001. Road Trippin’ YES We’re Here Nets Magaz. Nets Classics
C8 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020

“A perfectly pitched novel.”

—Los Angeles Times on Middle School

ON
SALE
NOW

361667513
2 A GOOD APPETITE 5 THE POUR

Grilled pork kebabs at their Riesling deserves another

spicy best. BY MELISSA CLARK look. BY ERIC ASIMOV
2 CARB CENTRAL 3 SWEET AND TART, TO GO

Satisfying a child’s starchy Key lime, but easier than pie.

needs. BY YOTAM OT TOLENGHI BY SAMANTHA SENEVIRATNE

RESTAURANTS RECIPES WINE SPIRITS WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 D1

N

Ballpark Peanuts,
A Classic Pleasure,
Are Benched
For the Season

JESSICA RINALI/THE BOSTON GLOBE, VIA GETTY IMAGES

No hawkers, no piles of
shells — and amid the
pandemic, there is no
easy way to sell these
snacks bred so carefully
for the stadium.
By KIM SEVERSON
Classic stadium food like garlic fries, Dip-
pin’ Dots and pump-cheese nachos are
touchstones of something that feels heart-
breakingly far away this summer: the thrill
of being part of a huge crowd sharing a sin-
gular experience.
Within the pantheon of concessions side-
lined by the pandemic, ballpark peanuts
stand out. Roasted in their shells and tossed
into the stands with great ritual and pa-
nache, peanuts have been part of the na-
tional pastime for nearly 125 years.
They have more cultural heft than hot
dogs, and a more onerous coronavirus tale,
too.
Today, most of the 2.3 million pounds of
in-shell peanuts consumed during a typical
baseball season are languishing in cold
storage, waiting — like the fans — for an
opening day at the park that is unlikely to
come. Baseball teams, both minor and ma- A collection of peanut
jor, are trying to find a way to play a season, shells at Fenway Park.
but there will be no one in the stands to shell Without baseball or fans,
out $4 or $5 for a bag of peanuts. there is little to clean up
The pandemic shut down the season be- at the old ballpark.
fore it even started. Teams postponed or
canceled orders. Farmers, who had har-
vested peanuts for the 2020 baseball season
in October, had already shipped them to the
roasters and been paid.
CONTINUED ON PAGE D8

CRITIC’S NOTEBOOK TEJAL RAO

Amplifying the Voices of Others

COREY ARNOLD FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
The Fisherman’s Dilemma
Covid-19 is forcing out-of-towners to weigh the
risks and sacrifices of heading to Alaska for
red-salmon season. By Julia O’Malley, Page 7.
Padma Lakshmi’s new series,
‘Taste the Nation,’ expands the
meaning of American food.
“AM I STEPPING on anything?” Padma Lak-
shmi asks on her new show, “Taste the Na-
tion,” as the farmer Scott Chang-Fleeman
guides her through rows of dirt. “Please, tell
me! I don’t want to be a rude guest!”
At Shao Shan Farm in Bolinas, Calif., Mr.
Chang-Fleeman tends to hakurei turnips,
Chinese cauliflower, Taiwanese cabbage, an
edible chrysanthemum called tong ho and
more beautiful greens. He tells Ms. Lak-
shmi how growing these building blocks for
the regional Chinese-American cuisines of
California has been a way of embracing his
own biracial identity. MARIE HOBRO/HULU
Throughout the show, which began
streaming on Hulu on Thursday, Ms. Lak-
shmi shows curiosity, insight and an easy
work as an activist and as an American Civil
Liberties Union ambassador for immigra-
In one “Taste the Nation”
episode, Padma Lakshmi
charisma. This will come as no surprise to tion and women’s rights, celebrating the dives into Japan’s lasting
viewers who know her best from her long- food cultures of Indigenous people, immi- cultural influence on Hawaii.
running role as a host and executive grant communities and the descendants of
producer on “Top Chef.” slaves.
But “Taste the Nation” also reflects her CONTINUED ON PAGE D4
D2 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
Enhancing Carbs
For a Picky Eater
Vegetables are added to a dish
for a starch-obsessed child.
LONDON — Plenty of food debates were go-
ing on in our house during the recent lock-
down. Unlike in normal times, when the
kids were presented with their dinner, no
questions asked, we found time to play
restaurant (while badly missing the real
thing) and discuss the next day’s menu in
detail.
Like many boys his age, our youngest
son, Flynn, who is 4, would present a wish
list of items that were exclusively carby and
wholly white. Doughboy, as we like to call
him, would ask for naked bread to start, fol-
lowed by “pasta with nothing,” then plain
potatoes and, to finish, a slice of cake, ideal-
ly served with leftover pancakes from
breakfast.
Particular as all this may sound, I am not
entirely sure that this starchy obsession is
necessarily a Flynn thing, or even a 4-year-
old thing. As I was cooking one of his bread-
centered meals, I was giggling to myself,
thinking of some classic carb-on-carb ex-
tremes, such as the chip butty, a British phe-
nomenon I have managed to successfully
dodge in my two decades in England. It’s,
essentially, two slices of buttered white
bread with a mountain of fries in between
them. Or, I suppose equally bizarre to an
outsider, the pitas I had growing up in Is-
rael, stuffed with shawarma and salad, and
then topped with lots of potato chips and an
optional spoonful of fried pita croutons for
crunch.
I would not consider either version of po-
tato-meets-bread the high point of local cui-
sine, but the combination is undeniably sat-
isfying. Perhaps more sophisticated, if I am
allowed a little more judgment, are Italian
flatbreads — focaccia or schiacciata —
topped with rosemary, coarse salt and thin
potato slices, evenly spread over olive oil-
scented bread, locking in moisture and add-
ing texture and their own subtle flavor.
Another example that I love is Tunisian
fricassee, a sandwich made with bread rolls
cooked in oil, just like doughnuts, and
stuffed with tuna, cooked potato, black
olives, boiled egg and a spoonful of spicy
harissa. It isn’t very difficult to imagine how
delicious these are.
Satisfying Flynn’s starchy needs also
made me think of maaqouda, another North
African staple. These are little fried mashed
potato cakes or fritters, often sold on the
street, either on their own or stuffed into
bread with harissa or tomato sauce. I had
the sandwich version a few times in Tunisia
and Morocco and never felt a carb overload.
Just like a good potato focaccia or a fricas-
see, the secret lies in a fine balance of tex-
tures — a little doughy, not at all dry, with a
tiny bit of crunch — and a clear underlying
flavor that holds everything together, from
the rosemary or the harissa.
Simple to Make, a Skewered Delight
Any kind of meat works, but
pork kebabs may be the tastiest.
THERE ARE FEW MEALS more primally satis-
fying than charred meat on a stick. Whether
turned on a spit or threaded onto a skewer,
the meat browns at the edges and sucks up
the smoke, emerging, at its best, crisp,
tender and very juicy, to be seasoned with
salt and eaten with great relish.
Any kind of meat works, but one of the
best and most versatile is brawny pork
shoulder (also called pork butt for reasons
having to do with archaic language, not
anatomy).
It’s marbled with white veins of collagen
and fat, and, if you cook it low and slow for
many hours, it will turn spoonably soft, col-
lapsing into a pile when you touch it. (Think
pulled pork, drenched in sticky, spicy sauce
and scooped onto a fluffy roll.)
If you cook it fast and hot, just until the
outside singes but the inside stays just a lit-
tle pink, you’ll get firmer meat that’s just as
succulent, if slightly chewier. And this is
how it goes with these pork kebabs, sea-
soned with cumin, fennel, coriander and
plenty of garlic and chile.
These kebabs are easy to make, and fast
enough for a weeknight. You can marinate
the pork for as little as 30 minutes, which is
just enough time to light the grill and toss
together a salad. Or, if you’re planning
ahead, the pork can marinate for up to 24
hours.
Better yet, everything for the marinade is
thrown in the blender, meaning you don’t
have to chop. Nor do the spices need toast-
ing or grinding. The grill takes care of the
toasting, and the blender bruises them
enough to release their flavor without elimi-
nating their crunchy texture.
If pork isn’t on your menu, the marinade
works with any chunks of meat (chicken
thighs, beef, lamb). You can even try it on
dense fish like swordfish or salmon. Just
watch carefully so nothing dries out. High,
direct heat is your friend here.
And if you’re grill-less, you can broil the
meat, in which case you don’t even need to
thread the pieces on skewers. Lay the meat
out on a rimmed baking sheet, and flip it
halfway through cooking.
However you end up cooking this recipe,
just be sure to garnish with slices of onion
and herbs. Their bright freshness is a fine
way to highlight the smoky depths of the
char.
Recreating traditional maaqouda was a
lunch plan I had one day, before I quickly
backtracked after realizing that Flynn may
not be getting all the nutrients he actually
needs — horrific scenes of scurvy came to
mind — if I stick strictly to his dream menu.
Instead, I made a large baked version, into
which I added ingredients I had on hand:
cheese, herbs, spring onion and lots of
frozen peas. I slid the mix into hot oil before
it went into the oven, which kept some of the
fried effect on the outside.
My compromise version of maaqouda
was, generally, very well received and be-
came a blueprint for future meals, where I
folded in different ingredients I wanted to
use up. (Spinach worked well, as did
roasted pepper and corn.)
Flynn, however, wasn’t totally im-
pressed. “Too many peas,” he exclaimed.
He did insist, though, on having the left-
overs stuffed into a sandwich that evening,
with some ketchup, which kind of worked.
SPRING ONION AND CHEESE
POTATO CAKE, TWO WAYS
TIME: 1½ HOURS
YIELD: 6 TO 8 SERVINGS
For the Potato Cake:
6 large red bliss potatoes (about 2¾
pounds/1¼ kilograms), scrubbed
clean
½ cup plus 2 tablespoons/150 milliliters
olive oil
16 spring onions or 2 large bunches
scallions (about 7 ounces/200 grams),
trimmed and thinly sliced (about 2
cups)
6 garlic cloves, peeled and thinly sliced
Kosher salt and black pepper
⅔ cup/160 milliliters heavy cream
3 large eggs plus 1 yolk, beaten
3 ounces/85 grams Parmesan, finely
grated
3 tablespoons finely chopped preserved
lemon or 1 tablespoon fresh lemon zest
1 teaspoon ground turmeric
5 ounces/140 grams mature Cheddar,
roughly grated
7 ounces/200 grams feta (preferably
Greek), roughly crumbled
For the Pea and Thyme Filling:
1 cup/200 grams frozen peas, thawed
1 tablespoon chopped fresh thyme
leaves, plus a few extra sprigs to
garnish
For the Red Pepper and Harissa Filling:
1 (12-ounce) jar roasted red peppers,
drained, patted dry and roughly
chopped (about 8 ounces/250 grams)
½ cup/20 grams roughly chopped fresh
MELISSA CLARK
SPICY PORK KEBABS WITH FENNEL,
CUMIN AND RED ONION
TIME: 30 MINUTES, PLUS MARINATING
YIELD: 4 SERVINGS
1¾ pounds boneless pork shoulder, cut
into 1½-inch chunks
Kosher salt
1 lime, plus some wedges for serving
¼ cup cilantro or basil, leaves and tender
stems, plus more for serving
2 tablespoons fish sauce
2 garlic cloves, smashed and peeled
1 jalapeño or other green chile, seeded if
desired
1 teaspoon honey
1½ tablespoons fennel seeds
1 tablespoon cumin seeds
1 tablespoon coriander seeds
1 small red onion, sliced, for serving
YOTAM OTTOLENGHI
cilantro, plus 1 tablespoon for garnish
3 tablespoons harissa paste or 1
teaspoon red-pepper flakes
1. Add the potatoes to a large pot and top with
enough water to cover by about 1½ inches/4
centimeters. Bring to a boil over medium-high,
then lower the heat to medium, cover with a lid
and cook until easily pierced with a knife, about
30 minutes. Drain well. Once cool enough to
handle, peel the potatoes (saving the skins for
another use), and transfer them to a large
bowl.
2. While the potatoes are cooking, add half the
olive oil to a large (12-inch/30-centimeter)
cast-iron skillet or an ovenproof skillet that is at
least about 3 inches/8 centimeters deep. Heat
over medium. Once hot, add the spring onions
and garlic and cook, stirring occasionally, until
soft and lightly colored, about 6 minutes. If
making with peas, add the peas and thyme; if
making with peppers, add the peppers, cilantro
and harissa. Add ½ teaspoon salt and plenty of
pepper, stir to combine and set aside.
A GOOD APPETITE
PHOTOGRAPHS BY TARA DONNE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES. FOOD STYLIST: CHRIS LANIER.
1. Season pork lightly with kosher salt and put
it in a bowl or resealable bag.
2. Juice the lime into a blender or food
processor and add cilantro, fish sauce, garlic,
jalapeño and honey. Blend until the jalapeño
and garlic are puréed, then add fennel, cumin,
PHOTOGRAPHS BY ANDREW SCRIVANI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
3. Heat the oven to 450 degrees
Fahrenheit/230 degrees Celsius (non-fan).
4. Add the cream, eggs and yolk, Parmesan,
preserved lemon, turmeric, half the Cheddar
and ½ teaspoon salt to the potatoes in the
large bowl. Use a potato masher to break
everything down to a rough mash that is still a
bit lumpy. Add the feta and the spring onion
mixture and fold everything together.
5. Wipe the skillet clean, add the remaining
olive oil, then transfer the skillet to the oven for
about 5 minutes to heat up. Remove from the
oven and carefully add the potato mix. Level
the top, sprinkle with the remaining Cheddar
and a few sprigs of thyme, if using, in the
center and return to the oven.
6. Reduce the oven temperature to 400
degrees Fahrenheit/205 degrees Celsius and
bake the cake until golden and bubbling, 25 to
30 minutes. Remove from the oven and set
aside for 15 to 20 minutes to firm up before
serving. Sprinkle with the extra cilantro, and
serve warm, spooned directly from the pan.
AND TO DRINK . . .
A lot of wines
will match this
grilled pork dish,
and by now, I bet
you know some
of them well. Riesling, of
course, especially from Al-
sace, Germany and Austria,
would be magnificent. You
could try a dry chenin blanc
from the Loire Valley, a
sauvignon blanc, also from
the Loire, or maybe even a
white Bordeaux. For a red, I
may want one of the new-
wave grenaches from Califor-
nia or Spain, where they’re
known as garnacha. But
maybe it would be fun to
shake things up a bit. How
about a dry gewürztraminer
from Alsace or California? I
wouldn’t mind at all drinking
a good fino sherry with this
dish, and a sparkling wine,
whether Champagne-style, a
French crémant or a pétillant
naturel from just about any-
where, would hit the spot.
ERIC ASIMOV
coriander seeds and pulse four or five times to
bruise the spices and mix them in.
3. Pour mixture over the pork, tossing to coat
the pieces. Refrigerate for at least 30 minutes
while you heat the grill, or up to 24 hours.
4. When ready to cook, heat the grill or broiler
with a rack positioned 4 inches from the heat
CORRECTIONS
source.
An article last Wednesday
5. Thread the pork onto skewers, leaving a little about New York City bars doing
space between cubes. Grill over the highest takeout business in the pan-
heat possible, or broil on high, for 2 to 5 demic misstated the date the
minutes, then flip the skewers and continue city lifted its recent curfew. It
was June 7, not June 6.
cooking until the meat is browned all over and

charred in spots. It should be just cooked An article last Wednesday
through: A little pink is OK, but there shouldn’t about salmon au poivre mis-
be any red spots. stated the name of the museum
6. Serve the pork with cilantro sprigs and onion where the restaurant Veronika
is located. It is Fotografiska
slices on top, and lime wedges on the side for
New York, not the Fotografiska
squeezing. Museum.
 THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 N D3

Front Burner
F LO R EN C E FA BR I CA N T

TO MIX TO SEASON wafer-thin chocolate disks with

These Complete
A Spirit With a Fizz
Tonic water and soda water can
easily outfit the bar when fizz is
required. But a new collection of
juice-based soft drinks, designed
as cocktail mixers, is worth add-
ing to the setup. Avec, a Brook-
lyn-based company, was created
by Alex Doman, an English food
and beverage consultant, and
Denetrias Charlemagne, an ad-
vertising executive, with the goal
of keeping sugar low and ingredi-
ents pure and simple. There are
five soda flavors: grapefruit and
pomelo, with black pepper, vanilla
and smoked salt; ginger, with
pineapple and lime juices, agave,
molasses and allspice; yuzu and
lime, with lemongrass; jalapeño
and blood orange, with calamansi,
lime and smoked salt; and hibis-
cus and pomegranate, with lime
and cinnamon. Tequila, gin and
vodka are the most compatible
with the sodas: Avec, $20 for a
six-pack of 8-ounce cans,
avecdrinks.com.
TO HONOR
Remembering
Anthony Bourdain
The chefs Eric Ripert and José
Andrés want Anthony Bourdain
to be remembered not on the day
of his death two years ago, but on
his birthday, June 25, which they
call Bourdain Day. In 2018, Shane
Aquârt, known as Dready, an
artist based on the Cayman Is-
lands, created a digital painting of
the three chefs, who all partici-
pated in a Cayman Islands food
festival. Called “how to cook Guide,” a well-researched book
curry goat — 3 amigos cayman with just about every detail of the
cookout,” the work will be sold Italian table. And for him, it’s best
starting Thursday to benefit the appreciated in Italy; he says
Cayman Food Bank: “how to cook America does not come close. He
curry goat — 3 amigos cayman provides a concise history of
cookout” by Dready, three limited Italian food and rules like “don’t
editions (16 by 5 inches, 25 by 12 cut your spaghetti” and describes
and 36 by 18), $315 to $815, most ingredients and dishes in
dreadyworld.com. detail. The book also gives a
rundown of Italian wines and
pasta shapes, lists the specialties
of each province and includes a
TO CONSULT glossary. When it comes to coffee,
Rules of the Italian Table: he does not have nice things to
say about Starbucks: “Garrubbo
‘Don’t Cut Your Spaghetti’ Guide: The Importance of Eating
Edwin Garrubbo — who is in Italian” by Edwin Garrubbo (Gar-
the cosmetics business and an rubbo Communications, $24.95),
Italophile, with family ties to Italy garrubbo.com.
— has written the “Garrubbo
Korean Condiments
From Atoboy
Some hard-to-find Korean
condiments are now being sold by
the restaurant Atoboy on its
website Atonae. Along with the
typical gochujang ($22 for about
eight ounces), you’ll find Korean
ganjang and cheongjang soy
sauces ($25 for 8.45 ounces),
lightly roasted perilla oil ($36 for
6.7 ounces) and lightly roasted
sesame oil ($42 for 6.7 ounces).
The condiments are imported
from South Korea. The house’s
California chenin blanc, made in
collaboration with Broc Cellars, is
$165 for six bottles: Atonae,
atonae.com.
TO INDULGE
A Play on Chocolate
By Christopher Curtin
Mendiants are usually slabs of
chocolate with nuts and dried
fruit scattered on top. At Éclat
Chocolate, the chocolatier Chris-
topher Curtin has come up with a
new variation he’s calling Mondi-
ants: decoratively embossed
various fillings. The choices are
dark chocolate, with fillings of
cacao nibs or caramel, and milk
chocolate, with a peanut butter
filling: Mondiants, $32 for 16,
eclatchocolate.com.
TO SERVE
Summer Rolls
For Entertaining
Pescatore Seafood, a long-
established fish shop in Grand
Central Market, now ships its
bounty fresh nationwide. It’s also
available for pickup and delivery
in New York. Though you might
not need Pescatore for lump crab
meat or red snapper fillets, you
could use its assortment of sum-
mer rolls stuffed with seafood and
vegetables as an easy route to
warm weather entertaining.
There are eight options: three
made with shrimp, and also tuna,
Chilean sea bass, lobster, grilled
salmon and soft-shell crab, a
seasonal special: Summer rolls,
$12 to $18 for two, including ship-
ping, pescatoreny.com.
TOGA COX (MIXERS); SHANE AQUÂRT, DREADYWORLD
(ARTWORK); EDWIN GARRUBBO (BOOK); GARY HE
(CONDIMENTS); ÉCLAT CHOCOLATE (CHOCOLATE);
EVAN SUNG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES (ROLLS)

A Sweet-Tart Treat
For the Summer
The taste of Key lime pie but KEY LIME PIE BARS
easier to share (and to make). WITH VANILLA WAFER CRUST

By SAMANTHA SENEVIRATNE TIME: 45 MINUTES, PLUS CHILLING

Traditionally, Key lime pie is made from Key
limes, also known as Mexican or West Indi-
an limes. They’re smaller and seedier than
conventional limes, and their aromatic juice
more sour. Combined with super-sweet con-
densed milk, egg yolks and a graham
cracker crust, that juice makes a terrific pie.
These dessert bars are the traditional
pie’s less fussy but equally irresistible
buddy. Go ahead and use Key limes if you’ve
got them, but the limes available in most
grocery stores, called Persian or Tahitian
limes, will work beautifully, too. They’re
also considerably less work to juice. You’d
need about 12 Key limes to get the three-
quarters of a cup of juice you need for these
bars, whereas you’ll need only about six
conventional limes. And — purists, avert
your eyes — if you’re short on time, you can
use bottled Key lime juice. Just check the in-
gredients before you buy: You want 100 per-
cent juice without any added sugar.
For the crust, vanilla wafer cookies step
in for the classic graham crackers. Either
cookie would work just fine, but the vanilla
in the cookies complements the floral notes
of the lime juice nicely. To finish, the bars
are topped with lightly sweetened whipped
cream. The cream tames the lime’s acidity
and is less finicky than meringue.
Super-simple to make and travel friendly,
these bars beg to be taken to your next (re-
sponsibly distant) picnic, no plates or sil-
verware required. Cut them before you
leave the house to make sharing easy, but
bring the heavy cream and confectioners’
sugar, unwhipped, in a jar. (Keep both the
jar and the bars chilled, if possible.) Just be-
fore serving, make a big show of shaking
the jar to whip the cream and spoon it onto
the individual squares. Then sit back and
feign exhaustion while the praise rolls in.
You’ll look as if you’ve earned it.
YIELD: 16 SERVINGS
For the Crust:
1 (11-ounce) box vanilla wafers
2 tablespoons granulated sugar
8 tablespoons/115 grams unsalted
butter, melted
For the Filling:
1¾ cup/420 milliliters condensed milk (1
14-ounce can plus ½ cup)
5 large egg yolks
¾ cup/180 milliliters Key lime or
conventional lime juice
1 teaspoon lime zest
For the Topping:
1 cup/240 milliliters cold heavy cream
1 tablespoon confectioners’ sugar
1. Heat oven to 350 degrees. Line a 9-inch
square pan with parchment paper, leaving a
2-inch overhang on two sides. In a food
processor, combine vanilla wafers and sugar,
and pulse until you have fine crumbs. Add
butter and process until evenly moistened.
Transfer mixture to prepared pan and press it
down into an even layer. Bake until fragrant and
a shade darker, 15 to 17 minutes.
2. Meanwhile, prepare the filling: In a medium
bowl, whisk together condensed milk, egg
yolks, lime juice and lime zest.
3. Pour filling over crust (it’s O.K. if it’s still
warm) and bake until the filling is set, about 15
minutes. Transfer to a rack to cool completely,
then cover and refrigerate for at least 4 hours.
4. Use a sharp knife to release edges. Using
the parchment overhang, carefully lift and
transfer the bar to a cutting board. Just before
serving, whip heavy cream and confectioners’
sugar until soft peaks form. Top bars with
whipped cream and cut into 16 squares to
serve.
MARK WEINBERG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
D4 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
Amplifying the Voices of Others
CONTINUED FROM PAGE D1
And as Ms. Lakshmi enters farms, homes
and community centers across the country,
she seems acutely aware that she is a guest
— more so than the white, male food and
travel hosts who preceded her.
Ms. Lakshmi, who moved to New York
from India as a child, is an immigrant her-
self. Each episode begins with her remind-
ing the audience of this, holding out a photo-
graph of her 4-year-old self.
The show, which was shot in the summer
and fall of 2019, slips into a fluent, fast-
paced, off-the-cuff visual style, and sure,
there are moments when you’ll desperately
want to eat what Ms. Lakshmi is eating —
hot gumbo thickened with okra, kebabs
turned over the fire, beef simmered in a co-
conut-rich curry, puffy flour tortillas
wrapped around beans and scrambled
eggs.
But the show doesn’t stop at delicious-
ness and doesn’t waste time fetishizing
these dishes. What makes “Taste the Na-
tion” brilliant is that it refuses to be another
shiny, happy, escapist series about food
bringing everyone together. Despite the
name of the show — a play on the long-run-
ning CBS News program “Face the Nation”
— it isn’t about taste at all.
“This is my rebuttal to the fear-monger-
ing from Washington,” Ms. Lakshmi said in
a phone interview.
The camera lingers on the people who
grow, make and serve the food, using famil-
iar dishes as a way to dig into history and
understand specific communities as they
live now. And Ms. Lakshmi doesn’t turn
away from the violence and injustice that
have often shaped American foodways.
An episode about San Francisco’s China-
town considers how the Chinese Exclusion
Act shaped restaurant culture. And in Los
Angeles, Ms. Lakshmi stops in front of a
shuttered Iranian travel agency, noting how
a travel ban threw people’s lives into disar-
ray. As she eats fry bread in Phoenix, her
companion clarifies its origins, from the
genocide of Indigenous peoples to their dis-
placement in reservations.
One episode focuses on the Gullah
Geechee community of the coastal Car-
olinas, whose enslaved ancestors from
West Africa cultivated the rice fields of the
South, and whose forced labor built the re-
gion’s economy. Their food culture — deeply
influential on the American South and be-
yond — was hard-won. And though it’s now
threatened by climate change, it still
thrives. (Hulu is currently streaming this
episode on YouTube for those without a sub-
scription.)
But it’s the first episode, in El Paso, that
sets up the show’s nuanced, truth-seeking
point of view, opening to the sounds of heli-
copters flying overhead — the sounds of a
community on the Mexican border, con-
stantly under surveillance.
In El Paso, Ms. Lakshmi investigates the
history of the burrito, trying it at various
places, and finally landing at a diner called
H&H Car Wash and Coffee Shop. There,
many of the employees commute daily from
Ciudad Juárez, just across the border.
Maynard Haddad, the son of a Syrian im-
migrant and an owner of the diner, tells Ms.
Lakshmi that he’s conservative, that he
likes President Trump and that he plans to
vote for him in the next election. In the same
breath, he wonders why his workers, who
are Mexican, are being harassed.
How is this kind of dissonance possible?
Ms. Lakshmi doesn’t ask the question di-
rectly. Instead, she uses food to lead her au-
I’m Really Missing
Old Familiar Places
Takeout is fine, but there’s no
substitute for the real thing.
By PETER KHOURY
OK, I’ve finally gone around the bend. I’m
sitting in my Manhattan studio and listen-
ing to the “Colonel Bogey March” from “The
Bridge on the River Kwai” on YouTube. I’m
checking out other Mitch Miller hits that
were on some record my parents had more
than a half-century ago. I’m even singing
along to old hymns from the days when I
would go to church for something other
than weddings and funerals. (“O God, our
help in ages past. . . . ”)
It doesn’t take a shrink to realize that I’m
yearning for a long-gone, less complex
time.
Maybe that’s why an old Van Camp’s pork
and beans commercial keeps going through
my rattled, nearly 59-year-old brain —
something about simple pleasures being
the best. Fortunately, that tune morphs into
Billie Holiday’s soulful voice: “I’ll be seeing
you in all the old familiar places. . . . ”
Ah, yes. The old familiar places. My fa-
vorite New York restaurants and bars. In
this time of pandemic and protest, I can’t
have a meal or a drink in any of them.
Don’t get me wrong. I’m grateful for the
takeout and delivery service that’s been
available at many spots — and for the possi-
bility of alfresco dining. But it’s a tease, a
Potemkin village. You can get a taste of
what’s behind the facade, but you can’t go
in, sit back and really enjoy it.
I want a nice, dimly lighted place where I
can soak in the atmosphere, a perch where I
can people-watch, gossip or sit alone and
read a newspaper.
With Lady Day providing the background
music, my mind floats a few blocks over to
West 72nd Street near Columbus Avenue,
where Malachy’s, a longtime Upper West
Side watering hole, sits still and was tempo-
dience right up to it, and lets them consider
it themselves. There’s no answer. It’s ugly,
it’s infuriating, it’s unfair. And it’s American.
The show’s weaker moments come when
Ms. Lakshmi spotlights fellow celebrities. It
is almost never interesting when two celeb-
rarily boarded up during the protests.
I miss Dorian, the weekend daytime bar-
tender, who has a passing resemblance to
Flo from the television show “Alice.” She
starts the day by playing classical music be-
fore turning to jazz and classic rock. “Come
for the Bach and stay for the Brubeck,” Do-
rian might quip. She’s also a published mys-
tery novelist. In the early afternoon, it’s a
lovely place to enjoy a B.L.T. and a cran-
berry and soda while everyone else is in
Central Park.
My mind transports me west along 72nd
Street past Broadway to the Emerald Inn. I
picture walking down a few steps, going in
and taking a seat at the long bar. There,
Maura, who’ll be behind the bar, will make
sure I have a strong cup of coffee and offer a
sober — and sometimes justifiably dour —
take on the latest happenings before bring-
ing me a hot turkey sandwich for lunch.
I am not parochial. My familiar places are
sprinkled all over town, and I’m now think-
ing about Midtown, specifically Restaurant
Row on West 46th Street, where Joe Allen,
Orso and Bar Centrale — the ever-depend-
able trifecta of nightlife — have been closed
since March 14.
I’m looking forward to a time when I can
walk in the front door of Joe’s on a non-
matinee day. Kevin, one of the maître d’s,
will lead me back to Table 7, where I’ll sit
amid vintage pictures of mostly forgotten
actors and posters of Broadway shows that
flopped. There, I’ll while away an hour or so
with an old friend and have the meatloaf or
the calf’s liver and a banana cream pie
that’ll send me into a deep sleep.
My mind transports me outside and up a
flight of stairs to Bar Centrale, the cool the-
ater district hideaway that’s a homage of
sorts to classic Manhattan spots like El
Morocco. I helped close it down on March
14, the last night it was open.
I want to sit on one of those zebra-print
stools at the bar and enjoy some Widow
CRITIC’S NOTEBOOK
ANTHONY JACKSON
rities walk, talk and eat in the presence of a
camera (see David Chang’s star-filled, aim-
less series “Breakfast, Lunch & Dinner”).
But Ms. Lakshmi does this infrequently.
As a host, she is generous, inviting people to
tell their own stories in their own words,
PETER KHOURY/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Empty establishments, like this bar in Brooklyn, top, have New Yorkers longing
for old times when they could eat and drink inside. Above, Malachy’s, an Upper
West Side bar closed since mid-March, and a message to its staff from patrons.
DOMINIC VALENTE/HULU
Above, Padma Lakshmi
cooking with Emiliano
Marentes in El Paso. Far
left, some of the
creations in that border
city. Left, Ms. Lakshmi
visited a sugar plantation
in Honolulu to hack
sugar cane with the chef
Chris Kajioka, whose
father and grandfather
worked on sugar
plantations.
recognizing that American communities
aren’t monoliths, though they’ve often been
simplified and presented that way on food
television.
“The whole point was to give the micro-
phone to the people responsible for the most
exciting food in the country,” Ms. Lakshmi
said. This includes the historian and author
Michael W. Twitty, the Charleston, S.C., chef
B. J. Dennis, and the Apache leader Twila
Cassadore, among so many others.
Though the format has its limits, each
episode contains a full and often unexpect-
ed arc, with its own set of complications and
contradictions. In the end, Ms. Lakshmi
MARIE HOBRO/HULU isn’t just the star of her own show. She’s cho-
sen a far more powerful role: introducing
her vast audience to a diverse constellation
of voices.
The result is delicious, and makes for
genuinely good television — producers
greenlighting vapid, celebrity-filled food
shows should take note.
SPENCER PLATT/GETTY IMAGES
Jane bourbon and ginger ale. Maybe I’ll or-
der the shawarma or the lobster quesadilla.
I want to talk with Craig, the bartender (and
a playwright and dancer) about the latest
shows, and argue playfully with Mary, the
manager, about the political shenanigans of
the moment.
But it’s time to check out the East Side.
In my mind I’ve walked into Neary’s, a
mainstay on East 57th Street near First Av-
enue. On a normal Saturday night, Duffy
would be holding court behind the bar and
slide a Heineken. If it’s early enough,
Jimmy Neary, who will turn 90 this year and
has more energy than I do, would be regal-
ing patrons.
There are so many other familiar places
on the East Side: Hudson Malone, Smith &
Wollensky, P. J. Clarke’s, Donohue’s. But I’m
getting a little melancholy. Besides, it’s time
for me to order some delivery and get back
to YouTube. Time to sing along with Mitch.
 THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020 N D5

THE POUR ERIC ASIMOV

Indifferent to Riesling? Give It Another Shot

The spectrum of possibilities this wine offers
dazzles critics and confounds consumers. But
that versatility makes it so good. Really.
NO OTHER WINE has been the object of such
devoted campaigning, proselytizing and ar-
dor as riesling.
What has been the result of all that fer-
vor? Yawns, mostly.
According to Nielsen, retail sales of ries-
ling in the United States have dropped over
the past few years, though they shot up-
ward over the first two and a half months of
the pandemic, outperforming sales of wine
as a whole during that time.
Riesling seems to be one of those wines,
like Loire reds, that do not seem to move
consumers in the way wine writers assume
and hope, no matter how impassioned the
promise that it takes only one sip to become
a convert.
Perhaps it’s confusion: Is riesling sweet?
Is it dry? How can you tell?
The glory of riesling’s versatility is para-
doxically a strength and a commercial
weakness. Its capacity to make complex,
thrilling dry wines as well as luscious yet re-
freshing sweet wines is unmatched. But in a
world that prefers simple messaging, ries-
ling’s spectrum of possibilities may be con-
founding.
EMAIL asimov@nytimes.com. And follow Eric
Asimov on Twitter: @EricAsimov.
This is compounded by a general fear of
sweet wines. For too long in the mid-20th
century, riesling was associated with cheap,
bland German sweet wines like Blue Nun
and Black Tower.
These had little connection to good, mod-
erately sweet German kabinetts and
spätleses, or the much sweeter, contempla-
tive wines like beerenauslese and eiswein.
Nor did they have much to do with great dry
rieslings from Alsace or Austria.
Even today, sweet German rieslings can
be polarizing. I think they are gorgeous:
wonderful with food, and both refreshing
and transporting. Still, when I wrote a 2017
Wine School column about German spä-
tlese rieslings, readers’ resistance to these
wines was strong.
People seem more accepting of dry ries-
ling, which is the predominant style around
the world, even in Germany.
Unfortunately, it’s not always easy to dis-
cern which rieslings are dry and which have
some degree of sweetness. German ries-
lings marked “trocken” are always dry, but
not all dry German rieslings carry the des-
ignation. Some might be marked “grosses
gewächs,” indicating a dry wine from a top
site, unless it comes from the Rheingau re-
gion, where such a wine might be marked
“erstes gewächs.” If in doubt, don’t hesitate
to ask.
Austrian rieslings are almost always dry.
Alsatian rieslings, unless they are late-har-
vest bottlings, ought to be dry. For a time
around the beginning of the century, some
were bottled with residual sugar and with-
out designation, which could be a rude sur-
prise. But this issue has largely been recti-
fied in the past few years.
Australian rieslings tend to be dry unless
marked otherwise. This is also true of
American rieslings, most of the time. But
occasionally I am surprised. If you’re in
doubt, it’s worth double-checking with a re-
tailer or sommelier.
Dry or sweet, riesling is among the most
transparent of grapes, one that can be
grown and produced around the world with
distinctive results, assuming it has been
planted in the right sort of place, ideally
with a cool climate in rocky soils on a slope,
the steeper the better.
I love rieslings year-round but am partic-
ularly drawn to them in the spring and early
summer, maybe because they are so good
with seasonal dishes like asparagus, soft-
shell crabs and wild salmon. Rieslings are
light and refreshing, and German ones in
particular, dry or sweet, are often delicate
and low in alcohol, though I have come upon
a few surprising bruisers.
In the interest of championing the beauty
of riesling, here are 10 moderately priced
bottles of dry riesling, roughly $20 to $45,
from around the world.
With so many great dry rieslings, why
these? In the pandemic mode of shopping
online, these are the ones I could find, which
is not to demean them. They are wonderful.
So are many others. This is not a Top 10 list
by any means.
Why these prices? I have written about
less expensive rieslings before. The Finger
Lakes is a great source, from producers like
Ravines, Forge Cellars, Bloomer Creek, Na-
than Kendall, Dr. Konstantin Frank and Red
Tail Ridge.
For a little more money, the West Coast
offers some excellent rieslings, but
producers like Smith-Madrone, Stony Hill
and Tatomer in California and Brooks,
Trisaetum and Teutonic in Oregon are not
always so easy to find.
Alsace makes terrific rieslings, but they
tend to be more expensive. Terrific rieslings
are coming from Australia, like Frankland
Estate, Grosset and Mac Forbes, though,
sadly, some of the best bottles, from
producers like La Violetta, don’t even come
to the United States.
In general, cheaper riesling is simpler
riesling. While there’s always a time and
place for these wines, it’s sometimes neces-
sary to pay a little more to experience ries-
ling’s ability to convey the nuanced charac-
teristics of a place.
Wine from great vineyards is labor-inten-
sive, especially from wineries with wildly
steep hillsides like the Mosel Valley of Ger-
many. Those rieslings are farmed by hand
and made by hand. They may cost more, but
they are great values.
Here are the 10 bottles in order of price,
from low to high.

HERMANN J. WIEMER DREISSIGACKER DAUTEL WÜRTTEMBERG STEIN MOSEL RIESLING BRÜNDLMAYER

SENECA LAKE RIESLING
DRY 2018 $19.99
Hermann J. Wiemer, an
immigrant from the
Mosel Valley, was one of
the pioneering modern
winemakers in the
Finger Lakes and an
early proponent of
riesling there. Mr.
Wiemer sold the
estate in 2007 to
Oskar Bynke and Fred
Merwarth, who man-
ages the vineyards
and makes the wine.
The Wiemer rieslings
have always been
more floral than min-
eral. Breathing in this
wine is like inhaling a
meadow full of flowers. It’s floral
on the palate, too, with a touch of
fruit and wet stones.
RHEINHESSEN RIESLING RIESLING TROCKEN 2017 KABINETT TROCKEN ST. KAMPTAL RIESLING
TROCKEN 2018 $19.99 $21.96 ALDEGUNDER TERRASSEN 2018
I tried my first Dreissi- Christian Dautel is part HIMMELREICH 2016 $26 $26.99
gacker riesling last year, of a young vanguard that Ulrich Stein’s wines are Bründlmayer is one of
and was won over imme- is bringing recognition to always fascinating. This the best estates in the
diately. The winery’s the Württemberg region one, from 75-year-old Kamptal region of
excellent higher-end in southwestern Ger- ungrafted vines, is no Austria, just west of
rieslings come from many. Dautel is better exception. It’s brisk and Vienna. This entry-level
several limestone sites known for its red wines, dry, complex, energetic bottle is a blend from
in Rheinhessen. This which predominate in and delicious, with younger vines grown at
entry-level bottle is from Württemberg, but this lingering flavors of lime several different ter-
vines grown on loess riesling is a beauty. It’s and wet stones. Mr. raced sites. It’s easy to
and loam on gentle clear, pure, precise and Stein favors steep slate drink, maybe a touch
slopes. The wine, energetic, with plenty of vineyards, and has austere in a good way,
fermented and aged in fruit and stony flavors. fought successfully to with aromas and flavors
stainless steel vats, is It’s made with minimal reclaim some that were of pressed flowers,
rich, fresh and bal- manipulation from abandoned because they apricot and stones.
anced, with great acid- grapes grown on steep were so difficult to work, (Skurnik Wines)
ity. It’s not particularly terraced slopes. leading one wine writer,
complex but is full of (Skurnik Wines, New David Schildknecht, to
pleasing citrus and min- York) term him “more a David
eral flavors. (Schatzi than a Don Quixote.” (Vom
Wines, Milan, N.Y.) Boden, Brooklyn, N.Y.)

KOERNER CLARE VALLEY EMRICH-SCHÖNLEBER KELLER RHEINHESSEN WEISER-KÜNSTLER

HEINRICH SPINDLER
WATERVALE RIESLING NAHE RIESLING TROCKEN RIESLING VON DER FELS MOSEL RIESLING
PFALZ RIESLING TROCKEN
GULLYVIEW VINEYARD MINERAL 2017 $34.99 2018 $37.99 TROCKEN ENKIRCHER
MUSENHANG 2017
2019 $29.99 This wine, a midrange Julia and Klaus Peter STEFFENSBERG 2018
$28.96
Koerner is the vision of offer from one of the Keller are among the $44.99
Many moderately
two Australian brothers, Nahe region’s leading leading lights of German This is a fascinating
priced rieslings can be
Damon and Jono Koerner, estates, is called “Min- wine. They make G-Max, and unusual bone-dry
extremely pleasant but
whose parents owned an eral” for a reason. The one of Germany’s most expression of the Mosel
lack depth and sub-
old vineyard in Clare aromas are floral and coveted rieslings and a Valley. Weiser-Künstler
stance. This is not one of
Valley, north of Adelaide. herbal, but on the palate true cult wine, along with is a small, relatively
them. It’s rich and deep,
Instead of selling off the it tastes like stone and exceptional single- young estate, estab-
fresh and incisive, with
fruit as their parents had citrus, with an almost vineyard rieslings; lished by Konstantin
electric acidity. The
done, they used it to salty tinge. It’s dry and spätburgunders, as Weiser and Alexandra
Musenhang vineyard is
make wine. Now they lip-smacking, pure, pinot noir is known in Künstler in 2005. They
a cool site high on a
get grapes from all over clear and energetic. German; and a host of have sought out small
slope in the foothills of
Clare and make a wide (Petit Pois/Sussex Wine wines from other grapes. lots of riesling on
the Haardt Mountains of
variety of wines, includ- Merchant, Moorestown, Their entry-level ries- ridiculously steep
southwestern Germany,
ing this riesling. It’s N.J.) lings are excellent, but slopes. This bottle,
where the vines are
fresh, with a gravelly for my money the best from the Steffensberg
planted on limestone
texture and flavors that value is Von der Fels, a vineyard, has an earthy
and sandstone. (Schatzi
offer, as is the case with rich, pure wine with breadth yet feels trans-
Wines)
many Australian rieslings, chalky minerality and parent, as if you are
the distinct impression of lime great clarity and focus. It’s won- smelling and tasting the vineyard
zest. (Little Peacock, New York) derful now and will be even better itself. This, too, will benefit from a
with a few years of aging. (Petit few years of aging. (Vom Boden)
Pois/Sussex Wine Merchant)

PHOTOGRAPHS BY TONY CENICOLA/THE NEW YORK TIMES

OFF THE MENU FLORENCE FABRICANT

HEADLINER Winner like samosas: Kindred Spirits & still being sold online. They’re
Daniel Eddy (right), who worked as a chef at Daniel Rose’s Spring Provisions, 342 East Sixth Street being made at the company’s
restaurant in Paris, Rebelle in Manhattan and Walnut Street Café in (First Avenue), no phone, Hudson Valley property, Twin
Philadelphia, is now based in his neighborhood, Park Slope, Brooklyn. kindredspiritsandprovisions.com; Star Orchards, which also has a
His all-day establishment serves breads and breakfast pastries Ruffian Wine Shop, 125 East Sev- retail store and outdoor dining:
(French-style viennoiseries) in the morning and sandwiches at enth Street (Avenue A), 212-777- brooklynciderhouse.com, Twin
lunchtime and in the late afternoon. In the evening, there are brined 0855, ruffianwineshop.com. Star Orchards, 155 North Ohioville
and smoked spatchcocked chickens, whole or half, with side dishes like Road, New Paltz, N.Y., 845-633-
Ten Hope Outdoor Garden When
potatoes cooked in the drippings, and he is also offering prix fixe ($15) 8657, twinstarorchards.com.
the charming Ten Hope bistro
“Friends & Family” meals prepared by guest chefs. The idea is to make
opened last fall, the weather Duryea’s Orient Point Formerly
dinner easy for locals and people with young children, like himself.
prevented the restaurant’s spa- Orient by the Sea, this North Fork
“We’re two blocks from Prospect Park, so they can take the food and sit
cious garden patio from opening. seafood restaurant on the water-
on a bench,” he said. His little place does not have seating, and, Mr.
Now, once outdoor seating is front was taken over by Marc
Eddy said, it is worth reserving the various set dinners as there are a
permitted, it will finally welcome Rowan, the owner of Montauk
limited number. There have been Korean meals on weekends from
diners with its own street en- Asset Holdings. Dining outdoors
Amy Yi, who was at Upland, but that will change soon. (A barbecue
trance. The all-day menu from the will be available, and eventually
menu starts the weekend of July 4.) The chef Ali Spahr handles pastry,
chef, Travis McGinty, includes there will be a bar and a lounge
and Kevin Bruce is on breads. Mr. Eddy also plans to open an intimate EMON HASSAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
burrata salad, shrimp and scallop for indoor dining. There will be a
wine and cocktail bar next door: 367 Seventh Avenue (11th Street), Park
Avenue (21st Street), 212-366-7267, ket boxes, breads, prepared sal- ceviche, shakshuka flatbread, and menu of specialties like lobster
Slope, Brooklyn, no phone, winner.nyc.
merchantsny.com. ads, meatballs and pizza. They’re chicken under a brick with sea- rolls, lobster Cobb salad, raw bar
also open for outdoor dining. sonal vegetables. (Wednesday): selections and Greek and Medi-
Kindred Spirits & Provisions/
Ruffian, now a wine shop, has a 10 Hope Street (Roebling Street), terranean items, like gyros,
Ruffian Wine Shop Moshe Schul-
OPENING deeper inventory of the sorts of Williamsburg, Brooklyn, 347-916- spreads and lemon-pepper
able to open the indoor areas in man and his partners have piv-
Merchants NY Abraham Mer- wines favored by this group, 0951, tenhopebk.com. chicken. (Opens Friday): 40200
July. The crowd-pleasing menu by oted two of their East Village
chant has moved his 25-year-old notably orange and natural, from Main Road, Orient Point, N.Y.,
the chef Antelmo Ambrosio in- spots, Kindred and Ruffian, from Brooklyn Cider House This
Chelsea restaurant a few blocks areas like the Czech Republic, 631-323-2424, duryeaop.com.
cludes French onion soup, roast restaurants to stores. The empha- Bushwick establishment with a . ...................................................................
uptown and is ready to serve at sis at Kindred is food, like fresh Georgia, Hungary, Mexico and bar and restaurant has perma-
chicken, burgers and a grilled More restaurant news is online
outdoor tables. He hopes to be pasta to cook at home, greenmar- Slovenia. There are some snacks nently closed, but its ciders are
cauliflower steak: 190 Seventh at nytimes.com/food.
D6 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020

ICAN’TBELIEVE HOWHAPPY
MYSONIS AFTERFINALLY
TAKING CONTROLOFHIS
HEROIN ADDICTION

Find Help. FIND hope.

Drugfree.org
© Center on Addiction | Partnership for Drug-Free Kids

Covid-19 Complicates an Annual Rite
A family’s Alaskan fishing
venture faces tough choices.
By JULIA O’MALLEY
ANCHORAGE — For Christopher Nicolson,
each June brings happy anticipation of his
family’s trip to the tiny Alaska fishing town
of Naknek, 3,700 miles from his home in
East Flatbush, Brooklyn.
Naknek, set into the grassy bluffs above
Bristol Bay, is as bygone as New York City is
modern. Cellphones barely work. Bears
bang around in the trash at night. You can
go from your fishing boat to your truck to
the store and back again without missing a
word of news on the single AM station.
Mr. Nicolson, 45, spends much of the year
working at Red Hook Winery in Brooklyn,
where he is the managing winemaker, but
his main income is drawn from Iliamna Fish
Company. The business, which he and two
cousins own, sells Alaska red salmon di-
rectly to thousands of shareholders, most of
them in New York and Portland, Ore., as
well as to a few high-end restaurants and
stores, including the Park Slope Food Co-op
in Brooklyn.
“The winemaking, which I love, is some-
thing I support by fishing,” he said. “I could
not afford to live in Brooklyn with my wine-
maker’s salary.”
For close to a century, Mr. Nicolson’s big
extended family has fished each summer in
Bristol Bay, home to the largest red salmon
fishery on the planet. His grandmother, who
is Athabascan, was born in the region. His
brother used to joke that their family mem-
bers were like fish themselves, drawn by in-
stinct to the mouth of the granite-colored
Kvichak River, year after year.
But suddenly Mr. Nicolson feels like an
outsider, one who may be looked on with
suspicion even by his Alaskan relatives, be-
cause he could be carrying a deadly virus.
“I have never felt more reluctant to leave
New York,” he said on June 14, his flight to
Alaska just a few days away. “I’m not as
concerned about my own family as much as
my extended family and the community I’m
coming into. I can’t be cavalier, but I need to
balance that with the necessity to keep my
family eating, paying the mortgage, you
know?”
His worst nightmare is that despite dili-
gent efforts, he and his wife and children
might unwittingly spread the coronavirus
in Bristol Bay, causing a disaster in a place
he loves. A century ago, the Spanish flu pan-
demic orphaned many of his grandmother’s
contemporaries. Alaskans still tell stories of
rescuers’ arriving in villages where only
small children survived, and the corpses of
the adults had been eaten by dogs.
In the months leading up to the fishing
season, Mr. Nicolson has been torn by the
signature dilemma of the pandemic era:
weighing what he is willing to risk against
what he is willing to sacrifice, never know-
ing if he has the best information to make
the call.
He decided to fish, but a number of fisher-
men he respects have elected to skip the
season at a high cost.
“I’m fearful that I will lose my relation-
ship with them due to my choice,” he wrote
in an email. “Memories of foolishness or
poor judgment are cherished and remem-
bered in rural Alaska.”
Isolated at home, he worked through de-
tailed arrangements to provision his fish
camp and travel cross-country, to be fol-
lowed a week later by his wife, Emily; his
sons, William, 14, and Ezra, 12; and a family
friend, Finley Acker, 15.
Last Tuesday, Mr. Nicolson arrived in An-
chorage, having tested negative for
Covid-19 just before he left New York. He
was tested again on Friday, to be sure he
wasn’t exposed during travel. (He will only
be notified if there is a positive result.) As
required by an Alaskan state mandate, he
began taking his temperature twice a day.
As that order also requires, he will remain
isolated, with crew members, at his fishing
cabin for 14 days, then wear a face mask
whenever he ventures off the property. The
rest of his family will come only if they all
test negative for the virus in New York.
Last Wednesday, Mr. Nicolson arrived at
the airport in King Salmon, a town next to
THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020
ALASKA CANADA
Anchorage
Detail
a try, he said. Retail demand may be steady,
area
Gulf of
Bristol Alaska
Bay
200 MILES
20 MILES
ALASKA
D
Dillingham
Kvichak R.
K
Kv
Naknek
ak k
Kvichak
Bay King
King
Salmon
S on
THE NEW YORK TIMES
Naknek. He was used to seeing people
wearing masks in Brooklyn, but it felt jar-
ring to see familiar faces in masks as he
made his way through town, evidence of
how the virus had crept into a place that had
always felt so safely removed from the
larger world.
People were friendly, he said, but serious
about the rules.
“It’s really liminal. It feels like that weird
space between two movements,” he said,
noting “that is often the feeling of the fishing
season anyway. So much anticipation. It’s
emotional.”
ALASKA HAS SO FAR managed to keep its
number of Covid-19 cases among the lowest
in the nation, helped by its isolation, social-
distancing measures and quarantine for ar-
riving travelers. Cruise cancellations, while
devastating to the state’s economy, have
also shut out a million visitors, reducing a
potential source of infection.
In May, as new cases slowed to a trickle,
Gov. Mike Dunleavy eased restrictions on
bars, restaurants, hairdressers, nail salons,
gyms and gatherings. The number of con-
firmed cases soon began to climb, rising
past its previous peak by the second week of
June. The state now has more than 859 re-
ported cases.
One fast-growing source of infection are
the nonresidents who arrive every summer
to fish and work in seafood processing
plants. In a normal year, more than 10,000 of
them head to Bristol Bay to bring in and
pack most of the wild-caught American
salmon that winds up on the country’s din-
ner plates.
The seasonal influx always eclipses the
Juneau
ea
eau
au
au
year-round population by many thousands.
The region has only one small hospital, in
the hub of Dillingham, that is not equipped
to care for more than a few seriously ill coro-
navirus patients.
In recent months, regional public health
officials and some local governments and
tribes became so concerned about the virus
overtaking the hospital that they asked the
governor to consider shutting down the
fishery. The state instead imposed the 14-
day quarantine order and strict health man-
dates for fishermen and processing compa-
nies. Samaritan’s Purse, the evangelical
Christian organization that had set up a
field hospital in Central Park, flew supplies
for a similar hospital to an old military base
outside Naknek.
By mid-June, as the fishing season began,
there were more than a dozen cases in the
region, almost all of them among people
who had come from out of state. As Mr. Nic-
Commercial drift boats at
anchor in the Naknek
River in Alaska, top, and
docked in the town of
King Salmon, above.
Left, Christopher
Nicolson, at center,
talking with Benjamin
Thomas, a boat captain,
far left, and the camp
cook, Jonathan Burrows.
Above right, the fish
processing facilities in
the town of Naknek have
been closed to the public
to reduce the risk of
coronavirus transmission
between seafood workers
and local residents.
VIA NICOLSON FAMILY
Above, Mr. Nicolson
getting a Covid-19 test in
Naknek, and the Nicolson
family — from left,
William, Emily,
Christopher and Ezra —
on their skiff in Naknek
in 2017. Far left above,
Mr. Nicolson, carrying an
anchor and steel bar to
anchor his nets in the
current, on the beach
outside the Naknek River.
N D7
PHOTOGRAPHS BY COREY ARNOLD FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
olson packed his patched-up waders and
rubber boots in Brooklyn, 900 or so Naknek
residents braced for the weeks to come.
The Fisherman’s Bar sat unusually quiet.
In front yards and on boats, small yellow-
and-black flags began to appear, signaling
that whoever lived there had arrived from
somewhere else and was under quarantine.
“There’s still a bit of socialization here
and there that I see in the boatyard, but it’s
nothing like what it was,” said Nels Ure, a
fisherman. “It almost feels a little ominous.”
The work of fishing is sleepless and bone-
tiring. Operators net the fish from boats, or,
like Mr. Nicolson, they string nets into the
current from the shore, which is called set-
netting. The salmon hit hard for a few peak
weeks. Fishermen work around the clock,
following a state-managed schedule of
openings and closings dictated by the tides.
Once nets are full, fishermen must shake
or untangle each fish from the net. Even
without the virus, a host of things can go
wrong: broken motors, tangled gear, bad
weather, injuries, problems with a crew.
For all the work and risk, the payoffs can
be huge. Last year, one of the best on record,
brought a catch of more than 235 million
pounds, worth just under $700 million. In an
average year, between selling fish to share-
holders and a commercial processor, Mr.
Nicolson estimates he makes $100,000 after
taxes.
THIS YEAR’S SALMON MARKETS are going to
be weak, a significant departure from last
year, said Garrett Evridge, a fisheries econ-
omist with McDowell Group in Anchorage.
Sales to restaurants are expected to be
down because of closings across the coun-
though high unemployment could force
consumers to seek out a less expensive pro-
tein, Mr. Evridge said.
Susie Jenkins-Brito is a fisherwoman and
a nurse at the hospital in Dillingham. Even
for locals, she said, the decision to fish isn’t
easy.
She bought a new boat and had been hop-
ing to captain it this summer, but bringing
up a crew from outside of Bristol Bay felt too
risky, she said. Her husband, Bronson Brito,
also a nurse, decided he would fish. Mr.
Brito has been a captain for 16 seasons, she
said.
“He was like, ‘I don’t know who I am if I’m
not a fisherman,’” she said. “He said, ‘I’ll do
my very best to be as safe as possible.’”
Norman Van Vactor, chief executive of
the Bristol Bay Economic Development
Corporation, a seafood company that owns
and manages investments in the Bering
Sea, has worked in fishing in the region for
decades. He expects the number of fisher-
men will be down this year.
“If I was going to Vegas today, I’d put it at
15 percent, maybe as high as 20 percent,” he
said.
One major concern for the industry is the
processing plants, Mr. Van Vactor said.
Thousands of workers will be living four or
eight to a room, eating in cramped cafete-
rias, working double shifts, every day of the
week.
“You think about what the meatpacking
industry has gone through — the seafood in-
dustry up here has those same issues, but in
spades,” he said.
There are a number of safeguards in
place to identify and isolate fishermen and
processors carrying the virus before they
spread it, Mr. Van Vactor said. But the sea-
son is so short and intense, he added, that
an outbreak that closes a processor even for
a day or two could create a costly ripple for
fishermen, who might then not have a place
to sell their fish.
Mr. Nicolson’s family-business model
gives him some security because he and his
relatives will deliver some of the fish to a
small processor, who will package and
freeze it for direct sales. The rest of the
catch will be sold to a large processor.
Mr. Nicolson planned to begin fishing
within the next week or so.
On Wednesday, if the others have tested
negative and made the trip, he’ll fetch them
at the airport, and in a few days, the fish will
come in. Then, soon, they’ll be hauling in the
nets and filling up their skiff, as they have so
many summers before.
D8 N THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 2020

JULIO AGUILAR/GETTY IMAGES JULIA GARTLAND FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES. FOOD STYLIST: MONICA PIERINI. PETER HOFFMAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Ballpark Peanuts Benched for the Season

CONTINUED FROM PAGE D1
“We are basically left holding the
peanuts,” said Tom Nolan, the vice presi-
dent for sales and marketing for Hampton
Farms, the North Carolina-based peanut
and peanut butter company that roasts and
packages most of the peanuts sold at base-
ball stadiums.
The race is on to figure out what to do
with all those special peanuts, which are ex-
pensive to grow and delicate to harvest.
Only a certain peanut bred for the proper
size and the look of its shell makes the cut
for the ballpark trade. It’s called the Virgin-
ia, grown in that state but also in the Car-
olinas, Texas and, to a lesser degree, New
Mexico. (Only 14 percent of all the nation’s
peanut crop are Virginias. Most are runner
peanuts, which are ground into peanut
butter.)
Of those big Virginias, about one-fifth end
up at the ballpark. The rest are sold at gro-
cery stores, gas stations and, at least before
jixiansheng

the pandemic, restaurants like the Five

Guys hamburger chain, which handed them
out free.
PEANUTS BEGAN FLIRTING with baseball in
the 1890s, after Harry Stevens, an immi-
grant from Britain, moved to Ohio and fell in
love with the game. He designed and sold its
first scorecards. His slogan: “You can’t tell
the players without a scorecard.”
A peanut company named Cavagnaros
traded bags of peanuts for advertising
space on the cards. Mr. Stevens then sold
the peanuts to stadiums.
A century later, in the 1990s, the little con-
cession business he started with peanuts,
hot dogs and scorecards was purchased by
Aramark, which now supplies food to nine
major league ballparks, including about a
million bags of peanuts each season.
By the time Jack Norworth wrote the BRANIMIR KVARTUC/ASSOCIATED PRESS

PETER HOFFMAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

PETER HOFFMAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

lyrics to “Take Me Out to the Ball Game” as ture,” he said. Top row, from left:
he rode the subway past the Polo Grounds Peanuts still seemed like a good bet. ballpark peanuts ready
in New York in 1908, the marriage between Though not hugely profitable, they have al- for 2019; strong peanut
peanuts and baseball was sealed. ways been a reliable slice of his business be- butter sales have been a
Peanuts are a little more popular in the cause of his long-term contracts with com- bright spot this year;
minor leagues, where about 8 percent of the panies like Hampton Farms and Sachs and seed peanuts
40 million spectators each season buy a Peanuts, the other major Virginia peanut awaiting planting.
bag. In the majors, it’s closer to 6 percent, processor, whose headquarters is not far Second row, a vendor at
Mr. Nolan said. The difference is probably from his farm. Dodger Stadium put a
because it costs less to go to a minor league “I planted a little bit more this year be- little mustard on his toss
game and fans have more money for cause I’m trying to be a little aggressive,” he to a customer. Clockwise
snacks, he said. said. from above: A peanut
Fans may not think too much about how farmer in North Carolina,
they look or the quality of their oil, but Dan MEANWHILE, THE COMPANIES that bought working on next year’s
Ward does. A farmer in Clarkton, N.C., he those in-shell peanuts for what had been a crop; Abby Ward, James
grows jumbo Virginias in the southeast cor- robust baseball and restaurant market are Purdie and Dan Ward;
ner of the state. trying to figure out what to do with them all. Mr. Ward loading the
They’re not the easiest peanut to grow. “That’s going to be a problem,” said Bob tractor with seeds; and PETER HOFFMAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

The delicate shells crack more easily than
the runners destined for peanut butter, so
pulling them from the ground takes more
time and patience. Growing them takes a
special touch, too.
“You have to plant them in a loamy soil
with enough sand, so the hull is bright,” he
said. “I like for them to shine in the bag.”
About 400 of the 1,650 acres he plants ev-
ery year are given over to ballpark peanuts.
Last year’s crop — the one sitting in storage
at Hampton Farms right now — was a par-
ticularly good one.
“Those peanuts should taste awesome,”
he said. “When you do get a crop like that,
you want people to enjoy them.”
He had already sold that crop when the
country began shutting down in March. But
he didn’t escape the effects of the shutdown.
By late April, with the coronavirus turning
agriculture on its head, he had to calculate
how many ballpark peanuts to plant in May
for the 2021 baseball season.
He also grows corn and soybeans, so his
peanut strategy depended in part on the
volatile trade war with China and how much
that country might buy. He had to figure in
the price of other crops grown in his region
and how the coronavirus would hit neigh-
boring hog and poultry farmers, who buy
some of his corn for feed. “It is a wild pic-
Parker, the chief executive of the National
Peanut Board. “You can put them in cold
storage for a while and hope things will re-
sume, but it doesn’t look so promising.”
The peanut board is scrambling, plotting
a round of promotions featuring free bags of
in-shell peanuts that will remind armchair
Placing them in cold
storage, hoping that
things will resume.
baseball fans that they don’t need to wait to
return to the stadium to crack some shells.
Some grocery stores are planning promo-
tions to move more bags of team-branded
peanuts.
There are other rays of hope. During the
first months of the pandemic, raw in-shell
peanuts started selling out at Walmart and
other retailers. Mr. Nolan thinks some of the
demand might have come from people who
wanted to try roasting their own at home,
and from others who have been creating
backyard “squirrel restaurants” — tiny pic-
nic tables and bowls of raw shelled peanuts
for squirrels.
An even bigger boost came from home-
bound snackers. Retail sales for shelled Vir-
special types of Virginia
peanuts.
ginias were up nearly 15 percent in May
over a year earlier, largely because people
bought cans of them in March for what Mr.
Parker called “the initial pantry filling.”
(“We don’t like to say ‘hoarding,’ ” he said.)
Sales have remained steady, which he
said implies that once people realized that
the pandemic wasn’t going to bring wide-
spread food shortages, they started eating
those peanuts. They liked them enough to
go back to the store and re-up.
It didn’t hurt that children were not in
school, where eating peanuts and peanut
butter is limited to avoid triggering peanut
allergies. “The kids could snack on peanuts
all day,” he said.
For those who make a living growing and
processing peanuts, the real hero of the
pandemic is peanut butter. Sales in March
jumped by 75 percent over those from the
same month a year earlier. They slowed in
April but were still up.
Peanut butter was an easy solution for a
nation that found itself suddenly eating ev-
ery meal at home. It’s also cheap protein at
a time when the nation is facing deep unem-
ployment and increased poverty. The Fed-
eral Emergency Management Agency and
organizations like Feeding America buy a
lot of it.
“We can’t make enough peanut butter for
FEMA and the food banks,” Mr. Nolan said.
“That’s a very sad and sobering comment
about our economy.”
In a way, it makes his work more mean-
ingful. “Everyone here feels patriotic in a
way about work right now,” he said. “We’re
part of what keeps things going.”
Peanut butter sales are helping the indus-
try over all, but it doesn’t make sense to
dump Virginias into the grinder. Because
they cost more to produce, they need to sell
at a premium, canned or in the shell, for the
economics to work.
Mr. Nolan is hopeful that what he calls
“the rising tide of all peanuts” will carry his
company until it figures out what to do with
all those peanuts once destined for the ball-
parks. Or maybe baseball itself will come
back.
No one wants to think the unthinkable:
that the handsome roasted baseball peanut,
the one with a bright shell that cracks easily
under gentle pressure from a fan’s thumb,
might have to end up in a peanut butter jar.
“I would liken that to using a really fine
beef tenderloin to make ground beef,” Mr.
Parker said. “You can do it, and it would
make great peanut butter, but it would be a
great economic loss.”