,.

LONDON

VALENTINA ANGARITA, EDWARD MEJIA, WENDI TAMARA

10°

SCHOOL OF THE AMERICAS

“EVERYTHING IS POSSIBLE FOR THE ONE WHO BELIEVES”
BARRANCABERMAJA
2019
,.

LONDON

VALENTINA ANGARITA, EDWARD MEJIA, WENDI TAMARA

10°

DOC: BRENDA GUAZÁ CASAS

SCHOOL OF THE AMERICAS

“EVERYTHING IS POSSIBLE FOR THE ONE WHO BELIEVES”
BARRANCABERMAJA
2019
,.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 4
GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION 5
TYPICAL DISHES 6
MUSIC TRADITIO OF LONDON 6
CLASSICAL TRADITION 5
MEDIEVAL STYLE 6
ELIZABETHAN ERA 5
POPULARIZATION OF THE OPERA 7
BOOM OF THE BIG CONCERTS 8
POP-ROCK REVOLUTION 6
SWINGING LONDON 5
THE BRIT-POP 8
THE WEATHER 9
CLOTHING 10
WARM CLOTHIG 10
FOOTWEAR 10
HOLYDAYS 11
FLAG 12
CONCLUSION 13
WEBGRAPHY 14
,.

INTRODUCTION
,.

GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION

London, is the capital of England and the United Kingdom. It is located in the south
of the island of Great Britain and near the River Thames. Its foundation dates back
to the year 43, by the Romans with the name of Londinium. It has 8 million
inhabitants and 32 districts.
,.

TYPICAL DISHES

FISH AND CHIPS:

Fish - usually hake breaded and fried accompanied by chips.

ROAST BEEF:
Griled beef

STEAK AND KIDNEY PIE:

Cake filled with terneray kidneys

YORKSHIRE PUDDING:

Baked dough wafer in bowl shape.

BAKED BEANS:

Toast with beans.

APPLE PIE:

Hot apple pie

,.

MUSIC TRADITION OF LONDON

From the fifteenth century to the era of unbridled pop during the 60s, London has
been consolidating as one of the main musical capitals of the world.

CLASSICAL TRADITION

As we said in the introduction, London already had all the ballots to become a
capital of music during the Tudor era, that is, during the fifteenth and sixteenth
centuries. Later, the rise of English music continued its expansion thanks to the
influence of Italian opera at the hands of Henry Purcell and Handel. In the following
sections we present a tour of the evolution of English classical music.

MEDIEVAL STYLE

In the court of the Tudors you could hear Renaissance music, typical in the
historical-artistic panorama of this historical period. It was not until England
became a stable nation after the succession of the throne between Richard III and
Henry VIII when there was a true flourishing in the arts, especially in music. At this
time, carols, ballads and so-called court songs were heard, currently recognized as
the typical medieval songs.

ELIZABETHAN ERA

From the reign of Elizabeth I (1558-1603) until the seventeenth century, the use of
music was clearly reduced, as it turned to Protestantism. Thus, the Masses and
Marian antiphons known as Eton Choirbook were reduced to the use of simple
compositions with little elaborate letters. best known as the isabeline gold age.

POPULARIZATION OF THE OPERA

At the end of the XVI century and from the s. XVII, at the same time that in Italy
there was the decline of the composition called madrigal, there was an expansion
of the genre par excellence of Italy and one of the Italian customs of today: we talk
about opera. Thus, a large number of compositions arrived in England that
received a very good reception, which was mixed with the profane music of
England and resulted in a mixture of styles.
,.

BOOM OF THE BIG CONCERTS

During the period between the end of the 18th century and the end of the 19th
century, English music did not stand out again. However, from the twentieth
century resumed its popularity by the hand of London composers such as Edward
Elgar, Vaughan Williams and Gustav Holst. Michael Tippett and Benjamin Britten
are other notable names in the post-war period. However, at this time the great
concerts and large-scale operas that were organized in the Royal Albert Hall, the
English National Opera and the Royal Opera House became very popular.

POP-ROCK REVOLUTION

After the Second World War, the United Kingdom and, especially, London
experienced a post-war period in which important changes took place at a socio-
cultural level. Of course, this new vision was reflected in areas such as fashion and
the arts, but music is undoubtedly the best way to observe this evolution. Great
bands like The Beatles or The Rolling Stones were born in this period that we show
you next.

SWINGING LONDON

It was not until the 1960s when London experienced a radical change in the field of
the arts, especially in the music scene. This time is known by the English term
Swinging London (swinging with the meaning of expression to fashion), which
applies in a general way not only to the revolution in the field of music, but to
changes in terms of fashion and culture that flourished from the 60s. This
phenomenon was mainly aimed at youth. In this time great bands of the
international music scene were formed like The Beatles, The Rolliing Stones, The
Who, The Small Faces and The Kinks, among many others.

THE BRIT-POP

Already in the period that includes the decades of the 70s and the 80s, bands like
Pink Floyd, coming from Cambridge, The Animals, Blind Faith, The Who and Eric
Clapton, the latter from the outskirts, were introduced. LondonersLed Zeppelin,
Queen, the Sex Pistols and The Police, among many others, are equally
remarkable.
,.

THE WEATHER

In the climate the 4 seasons are presented. The high season is in summer (June-
September), when the weather is good. Winter (December-February) can vary
from mild to cold. It can rain all year.

The climate is Atlantic, with high humidity, with frequent rains at any time of the
year. In London, without reaching extreme temperatures, the humid environment
can give a sensation of thermometric values different from the real ones. Snow can
appear in the capital at the height of winter and frosts are common during the
months of November to March. In winter, temperatures usually drop to -4ºC and in
summer an average of 18.5ºC is reached, reaching 30 and 32ºC on the hottest
days. The temperature in London can vary up to 5 ° C between the downtown
neighborhoods and those in the periphery due to the heat island that forms in the
busiest part of the city.
,.

CLOTHING

WARM CLOTHING

Jackets, sweaters, gloves and scarves, especially in the winter months, where
there are strong winds and high humidity.On the other hand, the rains are very
frequent in London, so umbrellas, raincoats, hats and waterproof clothing is almost
essential.

FOOTWEAR

As for the footwear, it must be comfortable and breathable to avoid blisters or other
foot injuries due to the long walks we will take to travel the city. It is always
advisable to wear thick socks during the coldest months of the year to keep warm
feet as much as possible, as well as boots or waterproof shoes for rainy days.
,.

HOLIDAYS

NEW YEAR
1st of January.

GOOD FRIDAY
(variable date)

EASTER MONDAY
(variable date)

LABOR DAY
May 1st.

SPRING FESTIVAL
Last Monday in May.

SUMMER PARTY
Last Monday of August.

CHRISTMAS
Is on the 25th of December.

BOXING DAY (ST. STEPHENS DAY)

December 26. During the nineteenth century the English upper class had the habit
of giving their servants the gifts they did not like on the day after Christmas.
Nowadays Boxing Day marks the beginning of the most important sales of the
whole year.
,.

FLAG

The official name of the flag is Union Flag, which means Union Flag, since it
represents the four constituent nations of this country.

The Red Cross on a white background representing the flag of England, called
Cross of St. George, The white blade that can be seen in it represents St. Andrew
the Apostle, considered the patron of Scotland.

The final version of the flag of the United Kingdom, that is to say, the one we know
today, dates from 1801, the year in which the union of Northern Ireland with Great
Britain took place. In this way, the Saint Patrick's Cross was included
In addition, the crosses of San Andrés and San Patricio were interposed to avoid
talking about the primacy of Scotland over Ireland.
,.

CONCLUSION
,.

WEBGRAPHY

 https://www.viajejet.com/bandera-del-reino-unido/

 https://www.londres.es/dias-festivos

 http://www.londresciudad.com/que-ropa-llevar

 https://www.universia.net.co/estudiar-extranjero/reino-
unido/ciudades/londres/clima/466

 http://letilev.blogspot.com/2012/03/ubicacion-geografica.html

 https://www.viajejet.com/musica-de-londres/