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2. Provide examples of hindsight bias, and why is it known as the “I knew-it all-along
phenomenon”?
3. Describe the research done by Robert Vallone on how people are at predicting human
behavior.
4. What were the results of Ohio State psychologists Phillip Tetlock’s experiment when he
collected expert’s predictions of political, economic, and military situations?
5. How did Magician James Randi disprove aura-seers, and what was his objective in doing
so?
7. Provide four examples of how psychology’s critical thinking proved surprising findings,
and provide four examples of critical thinking debunked popular presumptions
10.How might the scientific method help us understand the roots of terrorism?
13.Provide examples of how the wording effect can have major effects on a survey.
14.How is random sampling critical in eliminating the false consensus effect?
15.Describe the dangers in generalizing from a few vivid but unrepresentative samples
18.How is naturalistic observation different from case study and survey methods in
studying behavior?
19.Describe in detail the three examples if naturalistic observations done with humans.
20.Can you recall examples of misleading surveys you have experience or read about?
What principles for a good survey did they violate?
21.Provide two ORIGINAL examples of negative correlation and two examples of positive
correlation.
23.Describe the three possible cause-effect relationships regarding low self-esteem and
depression and why is it not prove causation.
26.Why was it not bizarre that Evelyn Marie Adams won the New Jersey lottery twice, even
if the newspapers reported the odds of her feat as 1 in 7 trillion?
27.Describe how Alan Lucas experimented on infant nutrition and later intelligence.
28.Why were results different when the National Institutes of Health conducted their
massive experiment on hormone replacement hormones and lower rates of heart
disease compared to correlation studies?
29.Describe the independent variable, control condition, dependent variable, double-blind
procedure in the research experiment studying Viagra and intercourse.
30.Explain the three measures of central tendency, and provide an example of which
measure is affected by extreme scores.
31.Explain the differences between the two measures of variation, range and standard
deviation.
33.How are scores with low variability from a basketball player more reliable than scores
with a high variability?
34.Provide an example of how more cases are better than fewer cases.
36.Find a popular magazine advertisement. How does the advertiser use (or abuse)
statistics to make a point?
38.Provide four examples of how our shared biological heritage unite us as a universal
human family.
41.Describe the guidelines established by the British Psychological Society, and the
American Psychological Association for the humane use of animals.
42.How has animal research benefited animals, and how has experimentation on animals
improved our understanding of animals?
43.List the four ethical principles developed by the American Psychological Association
and the British Psychological Society regarding experimentation on people.