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Human Anatomy
and
Physiology I
Laboratory

Gross Anatomy of the Brain

and Cranial Nerves

This lab involves the exercise entitled “Gross Anatomy of the Brain and Cranial
Nerves”. Complete the Review Sheet for the exercise and take the related quiz.
There is also a video of the dissection of a sheep brain.
Click on the sound icon for the audio file (mp3 format) for each slide.
There is also a link to a dowloadable mp4 video which can be played on an iPod.

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 Convolutions:
Convolutions:
Sulcus
Sulcusor
orfissure
fissure==
The Cerebral Cortex
aagroove;
groove; Pre-central Central sulcus
Gyrus
Gyrus==aaraised
raised gyrus Post-central gyrus
area.
area. Parietal lobe
Parieto-
Broca's area occipital
fissure

Pre-frontal cortex
Visual centers

Frontal lobe
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe Lateral sulcus
2

Wernicke's area

Auditory areas

2
 There is no
audio file
for this
Lateral View of Brain slide

Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Frontal lobe

Lateral sulcus
Temporal lobe
Cerebellum 3

3
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audio file
for this
slide
Cerebrum, Superior View
Postcentral gyrus
Central sulcus

Precentral gyrus

Longitudinal fissure

Pia mater – follows all

convolutions, contains blood
vessels. 4

4
Arachnoid Granulations
The white arachnoid
granulations are
where cerebrospinal
fluid is reabsorbed.

Falx
cerebri

5
Ventral View
of Brain w/ Olfactory bulb
Cranial Nerves Optic nerve optic
chiasma optic
tract
Facial n. Oculomotor n.
Vestibulocochlear n. Trochlear n.
Glossopharyngeal n. Trigeminal n.
Vagus n. Abducens n.
Spinal Accessory n.
Hypoglossal n. 6

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 The Cranial Nerves

On Old Olympus Towering Top A Finn And

German Viewed Some Hops.
VI Abducens
I Olfactory XI Spinal
VII Facial Accessory
II Optic
VIII Acoustic XII Hypoglossal
III Oculomotor
IX
IV Trochlear a.k.a.
Glossopharyngeal
V Trigeminal vestibulocochlear
X Vagus and statoacoustic

This rhyme gives you the first letters of the twelve cranial nerves in order.
There are other rhymes that work, take your pick. You must learn the
names, numbers (always use Roman numerals), and functions. There is no
need to learn a rhyme for whether they are motor or sensory. Knowing their
functions will tell you if they are motor or sensory. And the fact is that, while
some are sensory only, all of the motor nerves have sensory proprioceptive
fibers, despite the rhyme and the table in Marieb.

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audio file
for this
slide
Ventral Brain, Posterior View

Pons
Abducens n.

Hypoglossal (12th) Nerve Medulla

Spinal Accessory
(11th) Nerve
7

7
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for this
slide
Ventral view of Brain with Cranial Nerves

Trochlear n. Olfactory bulb

Abducens n.
Optic n.
Optic chiasma

Oculomotor n.

Trigeminal n.
8

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audio file
for this
Brain, Ventral View slide

1)Inferior Frontal Lobe,

2)Temporal Lobe,
5 3)Pons,
1 4)Medulla Oblongata,
3 4 5)Left Cerebellar
Hemisphere,
6 6)Right Cerebellar
2 Hemisphere

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 Sagittal Section of Brain
Septum pellucidum
Corpus callosum
Fornix

Choroid plexus

Pineal body
Corpora
quadrigemina

Intermediate mass Cerebral aqueduct

of thalamus 4th ventricle
Hypothalamus Arbor vitae
Third ventricle Pons
Cerebellum
Medulla 10

10
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audio file
for this
slide
Sagittal Section of Human Brain

7 8 10
11

12
5 4
6
1
2
1) Cerebellum, 2) Pons, 3) Medulla, 4) Midbrain, 5) Mammillary
body, 6) Optic chiasma, 7) corpus callosum, 8) Septum 3
pellucidum, 9) Cingulate gyrus, 10) Fornix, 11) Thalamus,
12) Hypothalamus.
11

11
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audio file
for this
slide
Sagittal Section of Midbrain and Diencephalon

Septum pellucidum Corpus callosum

Choroid plexus
Thalamus
Corpora
quadrigemina
Fornix
IM

Cerebral
aqueduct
4th
Hypothalamus ventricle
12
Pons

12
Sheep Brain Dissection: Removal of the Dura Mater

13

13
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audio file
for this
slide

Dura Mater from the Sheep Brain

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14
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audio file
for this
slide
Sheep Brain Dorsal View

15

15
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audio file
for this
slide

Sheep Brain Cerebellum

16

16
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audio file
for this
slide

Sheep Brain: The Corpora Quadrigemia

17

17
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audio file
for this
slide

Sheep Brain Ventral View

18

18
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audio file
for this
slide
Sheep Brain Sagittal Section

19

19
 Cerebellar Purkinje Cells

Axon to cerebellar Interneuron cell Dendrites

outflow bodies
Purkinje cells are the largest and most distinguishing cells of the cerebellum.
They have numerous dendrites and an axon which is the beginning of 20
cerebellar outflow.

20
Alzheimer’s Tangle

This is a
neurofibrillary "tangle"
of Alzheimer's disease.
The tangle appears as
long pink filaments in
the cytoplasm. They
are composed of
cytoskeletal
intermediate filaments.

21

21
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audio file
for this
slide
Alzheimer’s Tangle,
Silver Stain

The characteristic
microscopic findings
of Alzheimer's disease
include "senile
plaques" which are
collections of
degenerative
presynaptic endings
along with astrocytes
and microglia. These
plaques are best seen
with a silver stain, as
seen here in a case
with many plaques of
varying size.

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audio file
Lab Protocol for Spinal Nerves and Reflexes for this
slide

1) Complete the Review Sheets for the exercise on the Gross Anatomy
of the Brain and Cranial Nerves

2) Take the related quiz for the Brain and Cranial Nerves.

3) View the cadaver video showing dissection of the sheep brain.

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ADAM Interactive Anatomy

Identify the structures in the following views:

a. Dissectible anatomy, Lateral view, Layer indicator 191.

b. Dissectible anatomy, Medial view, Layer indicator 99.

c. Atlas Anatomy, Region, Head and Neck, Cerebral Arterial Circle.

Page through the layers to identify structural relationships within the brain.

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