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Tactical Questioning:
Soldier’s Handbook
“Every Soldier a Warrior…
Every Soldier an Intelligence Collector”
November 2003
DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Distribution authorized to Active Duty military, Reserve
Component, and DOD Civilians (DOD Contractors only on a case-by-case basis) in
coordination with the foreign disclosure authority and FD7, TRADOC Regulation 350-70.
This determination was made on 16 November 2003. Contractor and other requests must
be referred to ATTN: ATZS-FDT-D, US Army Intelligence Center and Fort Huachuca, AZ
85613-7017, or via e-mail at ATZS-FDC-D@hua.army.mil.
Table of Contents
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Preface ........................................................................................3
Glossary.......................................................................................54
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Preface
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Chapter 1
Why Tactical Questioning Is Important
• On patrol.
• Manning a TCP/roadblock.
• Occupying an observation post.
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Chapter 2
Tactical Questioning
Task, Condition, Standard, and Defining Key Terms
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Key Terms
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Chapter 3
Tactical Questioning of Noncombatants
Collecting Information
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Questions
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Using Interpreters
Placement:
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Delivery:
Security:
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Chapter 4
Tactical Questioning and Handling of EPWs/Detainees
The Five Ss
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• Situation.
• A person had a map on them - ask him to explain the map
(symbols, date it was made, who made it, etc).
• A person had a photograph of a person or area - ask him
to identify the person/location and ask why he has the
photograph.
• A person is carrying identification documents for other
persons (sex or age does not match, etc)ask who they
are for, why do they have them, etc.
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1. DTG of Capture:
3. Full Name:
4. Date of Birth:
5. Rank/Occupation:
6. Service # or ID #.
8. Capturing Unit:
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below.
ENEMY PRISONER OF WAR (EPW) 1. DATE AND TIME OF CAPTURE 2. SERIAL NO.
CAPTURE TAG (PART A) 113D 0090829 A
For use of this form, see AR 190-8. 3. NAME 4. DATE OF BIRTH
The proponent agency is DCSOPS. DD 12D5
5. RANK 6. SERVICE NO.
Attach this part of tag to EPW. (Do not remove D 123-45-6789
from EPW.)
7. UNIT OF EPW 8. CAPTURING UNIT
1. Search – For weapons, military documents, or 122D 4DD
special equipment.
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9. LOCATION OF CAPTURE (GRID COORDINATES)
2. Silence – Prohibit talking among EPWs for ease D82456
of control.
10. CIRUMSTANCES OF 11. PHYSICAL CON- 12. WEAPONS, EQUIP-
3. Segregate – By rank, sex, and nationality.
CAPTURE DITION OF EPW MENT, DOCUMENTS
4. Safeguard – To prevent harm or escape.
5. Speed – Evacuate from the combat zone. 47D
6. Tag – Prisoners and documents or special D D D
equipment. D D D
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
DD FORM 2745 (BACK), MAY 96 DD FORM 2745 MAY 96 REPLACES DA FORM 5976, JAN 91.
USABLE UNTIL EXHAUSTED.
A DD Form 2745, Capture Tag, with sample entries is shown
1. DATE AND TIME OF CAPTURE 2. SERIAL NO.
113D 0090829 B
UNIT RECORD CARD (PART B)
3. NAME 4. DATE OF BIRTH
DD 12D5
Forward to Unit.
5. RANK 6. SERVICE NO.
(Capturing unit retains for records.) D 123-45-6789
7. UNIT OF EPW 8. CAPTURING UNIT
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122D 4DD
9. LOCATION OF CAPTURE (GRID COORDINATES)
Use string, wire, or other durable material D82456
to attach the appropriate section of this 10. CIRUMSTANCES OF 11. PHYSICAL CON- 12. WEAPONS, EQUIP-
form to the EPW’s equipment or property. CAPTURE DITION OF EPW MENT, DOCUMENTS
47D
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D D D
D D D
DD FORM 2745 (BACK), MAY 96 DD FORM 2745 MAY 96 REPLACES DA FORM 5976, JAN 91.
USABLE UNTIL EXHAUSTED.
1. DATE AND TIME OF CAPTURE 2. SERIAL NO.
113D 0090829 C
DOCUMENT/SPECIAL EQUIPMENT
3. NAME 4. DATE OF BIRTH
WEAPONS CARD (PART C)
DD 12D5
Attach this part of tag to property taken. (Do not 5. RANK 6. SERVICE NO.
remove from property.) D 123-45-6789
7. UNIT OF EPW 8. CAPTURING UNIT
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As a minimum, the tag must include the following
information: 122D 4DD
9. LOCATION OF CAPTURE (GRID COORDINATES)
D82456
Item 1. Date and time of capture (YYYYMMDD).
10. CIRUMSTANCES OF 11. PHYSICAL CON- 12. WEAPONS, EQUIP-
Item 8. Capturing unit.
CAPTURE DITION OF EPW MENT, DOCUMENTS
Item 9. Place of capture (grid coordinates).
Item 10. Circumstances of capture (how the EPW 47D
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was captured). D D D
D D D
DD FORM 2745 (BACK), MAY 96 DD FORM 2745 MAY 96 REPLACES DA FORM 5976, JAN 91.
USABLE UNTIL EXHAUSTED.
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Chapter 5
Example Questions and The Don’ts of Questioning
Example Questions
The following are a basic list of questions that you can modify
to ask the local population, both noncombatants and
EPWs/detainees. Originally these questions were created specific
to TCPs/roadblocks. Keep in mind, these questions are only
examples and you may need to modify them based on the
mission, unit guidance, and the situation:
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Chapter 6
Reporting
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5. TIME (WHEN): DTG +time zone (Z, GMT, etc); record either the
time you received the information or the actual time of the activity.
7. REMARKS: Include any comments that are relevant to the activity that do
not fit neatly into the SALUTE lines.
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Chapter 7
Mission Responsibilities
Squad/Section/Patrol/TCP/Roadblock/Convoy Leader:
Platoon Leader:
Company/Troop/Battery Commander:
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Chapter 8
Document Handling
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_________________________________________________________
DATE/TIME CAPTURED_____________________________________
PLACE CAPTURED________________________________________
CAPTURING UNIT_________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
CIRCUMSTANCES OF CAPTURE_____________________________
_________________________________________________________
DESCRIPTION OF WEAPON/DOCUMENT_______________________
_________________________________________________________
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Chapter 9
Various Tools
The following are common Middle East license plates that one
could encounter during the conduct of day-to-day operations.
They are provided to heighten awareness to vehicles and
personnel who may be of HUMINT and CI interest that are
operating in the area of responsibility (AOR). The ROE will dictate
what actions one should or should not take to detain or question
these personnel.
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RPG
RPG-7
AK-47
RPK-47
RPK
PKM
SA-7 SA-16
82-MM AL QUDS
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Examples of IED
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QUESTIONING GUIDE (FOR PATROLS, TCPs, Etc.) EXAMPLE IMMEDIATE REPORTING CRITERIA
Introduce Self and Explain Any Procedures. (Report following to S2/TAC HUMINT Team):
ASK (Write Responses on Screening Sheet) • Persons suspected of attempting to infiltrate
• What is your name? (Verify ID name and through refugee flow.
physical description, check Detain List.) • Line crossers/smugglers.
• What is your home address (former
• Deserters from enemy units.
residence if displaced)?
• What is your occupation? • Persons without ID papers.
• Where are you going? (Get Specifics.) • Persons with excessive amounts of
• Why are you going there? (Get Specifics.) identification, forged ID, and ID inconsistent
• What route did you travel to arrive here? with the norm.
• What obstacles did you encounter along • Repatriated prisoners of war and escapees.
your route? (What else?) • Members of underground resistance
• What unusual activity did you encounter
organizations seeking to join friendly forces.
along your route? (What else?)
• What route will you take to arrive at your • Collaborators with the enemy.
destination? • Target personalities, such as those on the
• Who do you personally know that actively personalities list (Protect, Of Interest,
opposes the coalition? (Who else?) Detain List).
• What anti-coalition activities do you know • Volunteer informants (of vital information).
of? (What else?)
• Persons with family in denied area(s).
• Why do you believe the coalition is here?
• What do you think about the coalition • Persons with a technical skill or knowledge
presence here? (engineer, scientist, fluent in second
• If you could change anything about how language, etc.).
the coalition operates here, what would • Illegal border crossers.
it be?
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4. Attempts by local nationals to foster friendships 2. The most important aspect of debriefing patrols
with military personnel. was the interaction between the patrol leader and
a member of the S2 shop.
5. Attempts to engage U.S. persons in illegal
questionable activities. 3. Patrol debriefings answer PIRs/SIRs, fill
intelligence gaps, confirm or deny existing
6. Open elicitation of U.S. persons. intelligence, identify leads and potential sources,
reduce duplicate reporting, and save lives.
7. Questionable activities on the part of Local
Employed Persons. 4. It is important to database the information
received from the patrols. An Excel spreadsheet
8. High curiosity of U.S. missions on the part of is the crudest form of database; an Access
Local Employed Persons. database is better.
Questionable activities include presence/working in 5. While debriefing patrols and TAC HUMINT teams
areas not authorized or needed, working late, working have some similarities, they do have differences.
alone, removing documents from trash or office
areas…
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4. What is the name of the area of the event? Use the 3. What ISR tasks are you reporting on? What are
Map Name. your reporting requirements?
5. What sector did the event happen in? Be sure the 4. What areas did you patrol to? What did you
Sector corresponds to higher echelon’s sectors. collect in each area?
6. Who was the key person involved? DO NOT USE 5. What areas did you conduct a dismounted
SOURCE NAMES. patrol in?
7. Is this person on the Personalities List? 6. Did you notice anything unusual or out of place?
What did you see when you halted?
8. What other people were involved?
7. What was the reaction to your patrol? Were
9. Ask TAC HUMINT Teams Who, What, Why, When, there any negative comments, gestures, or
Where and How for your INTSUM. intentions directed your way?
Debriefing can be written or verbal. Best choice is a 8. What were the people you encountered doing?
combination of both. Written, with a member of the
S2 going over it verbally. 9. Is there a threat to safety in the patrolled area?
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Chapter 10
Cultural Awareness
"Islam 101"
The Islamic way of life is very different from our own and must
be viewed that way. To judge them by American standards would
be a disservice to them and a potential force protection issue for
an individual or unit. Their religion, family, and honor dominate
their customs and beliefs: The three are rarely separated. An
insult to one's family is generally an insult to their honor and
subsequently to their religion.
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These are not Americans that one will deal with. This is a
country, geographic area, and religion with a rich and long history.
Their customs and traditions may seem strange to westerners,
just as our customs are strange to them. The remainder of this
chapter contains
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IRAQ
BAGHDAD
An Najaf
Al Amarah
Sunni Arab
Shia Arab/Sunni Arab
Shia Arab
Turkoman
Yezidi
0 50 100 Kilometers
0 50 100 Miles
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2. Greet males with a handshake. 2. Expose the bottom of your foot or shoe
to a person - it is an insult.
3. Accept hospitality (beverage, etc)
after the second time offered. 3. Use the “OK” hand gesture - it’s obscene.
5. Attempt to use a few Arabic terms - 5. Shake a female’s hand unless she offers
it shows respect. it first.
6. Stand when a female, new guest, 6. Ask an Arab to take off his headgear.
elderly, or high-ranking person
enters a room. 7. Lean on walls or put your hands in your
pockets when talking.
7. Feel free to return a hug or kiss
from an Arab. 8. Initiate a hug or kiss to an Arab person.
10. Try the different foods if offered. 11. Show impatience or lose your temper.
11. Understand their dedication to 12. Ask personal questions about family
their religion. members, especially females!
12. Arrive on tine – not early. 13. Eat or smoke in public during their holy
periods when they are fasting.
13. Look for subtle or double meaning
in answered questions. Arabs 14. Display religious items.
will rarely, if ever, say “no” as it
is a sign of weakness and 15. Talk about politics!
disrespect.
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European
Digits
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Arabic
Digits ٠١ ٢ ٣ ٤ ٥ ٦ ٧ ٨ ٩
ASH-ra or ASH-er-ah
Arabic
tha-LATH-ah
tha-MAN-ya
(Phonetic)
ith-NAYN
WA-hed
HAM-sa
AR-bah
SEH-ba
ZIF-fur
SIT-ah
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GLOSSARY
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