c



 c
c

The topic of our project is to study the washing machine industry. Here we have to gather information
about different manufacturers of washing machine and which company covers more market share.c

3ccÀ


 

c

Ancient peoples cleaned their clothes by pounding them on rocks or rubbing them with abrasive
sands; and washing the dirt away in local streams. Evidence of ancient washing soap was found at
Sapo Hill in Rome, where the ashes containing the fat of sacrificial animals was used as soap.c

The earliest washing "machine" was the scrub board invented in 1797. In 1858, Hamilton Smith
patented the rotary washing machine. c

In 1874, William Blackstone of Indiana built a birthday present for his wife. It was a machine
which removed and washed away dirt from clothes. The first washing machines designed for
convenient use in the home. c

The Thor was the first electric-powered washing machine. Introduced in 1908 by the Hurley
Machine Company of Chicago, Illinois, the Thor washing machine was invented Alva J. Fisher. The
Thor was a drum type washing machine with a galvanized tub and an electric motor. The Whirlpool
Corporation started in 1911 as the Upton Machine Co., founded in St. Joseph, Michigan, to produce
electric motor-driven wringer washers. In 1949, the Schulthess Group backed the invention of
punched card control for washing machines. In 1951, production of Europe's first automatic washing
machines started. In 1978, the first microchip-controlled automatic washing machines were
produced. c

3cc 


 
c

cccc‰ 
c
c

There are two types of washing machines, top-loading and front-loading. Top-loading washers
are the conventional type washing machines where the tub is filled with water, and an agitator is used
to clean the clothes. These generally work very well, and are great for their value. Front-loading
washing machines, though a little pricier, perform better. Front loaders do not have agitators, but
instead use tumbling as a method of cleaning clothes. Because an agitator is not used, front-loaders
are gentler on fabrics and use less water.c
c

 cccc

 
c
c

Generally most front load machines will have a drum, where as many top load machines use
activator. Drum machines will tend to use less water per wash as the tub will not need to be full in
order to wash.c
c

·cccc 
c

c

Washing machine controls are becoming more sophisticated with the introduction of digital
displays and one-touch selection. These controls help you clearly program or preset your washing
needs. Simpler machines will have dial and/or push-button controls.c
c

c
c


‰c
c

cccc c
c

Study and analyze washing industry. c

c

 cccc   c
c

The project helps to study which all brands of washing machine are available in India and what
are the factors which affect the demand of particular brand in our country.c
c

·cccc c

c

a)cccc*ibha Hinduja [08OSB058]c

c

b)ccccSandhya Choudhary [08OSB046]c

c

c)ccccBhoomi Suthar [08OSB007]c

c

d)ccccAstha Patel [08OSB006]c

c

e)ccccDipika Patel [08OSB013]c

c

f)cccccUmesh Yadav [08OSB056]c

c

£cccc 
c

c

Data related to project is collected from secondary data available from internet. We have also
visited various showrooms of washing machine and collected data from several employees working
there. We even gathered data from pamphlets which we collected from showrooms.c
c

Œcccc  c
c

Respected mam Mrs. Pinky Christian.c

c

ë  
c
c

c
c

1.ccccccccccccProject helped us to study washing machine industry.c

c

 .ccccccccccccProject gave us the opportunity to visit various showrooms of washing machine.c

c

3.ccccccccccccIt was a good exposure for us to learn about various brands of washing machine sold in our
country. c
c

4.ccccccccccccProject even helped us to relate the theoretical concept with the practical ones like Regression
and ordinal scale.c
c

5.ccccccccccccWe even got chance to meet different employees of the showroom and interview them.c
c

6.ccccccccccccThrough this project we were able to enhance our knowledge on various business research
methods like Regression and ordinal scaling used today for analysis of business.c
c

cc

ë
ë

c
c

1)ccccccccccccThe concept of latent demand is rather subtle. The term latent typically refers to something
that is dormant, not observable, or not yet realized. c
c

 )ccccccccccccDemand is the notion of an economic quantity that a target population or market requires
under different assumptions of price, quality, and distribution, among other factors.c
c

3)ccccccccccccThe latent demand for washing machines and washer-dryers in India is not actual or historic
sales. c
c

4)ccccccccccccÊor is latent demand future sales. In fact, latent demand can be either lower or higher than
actual sales if a market is inefficient (i.e., not representative of relatively competitive levels).
Inefficiencies arise from a number of factors.c
c

5)ccccccccccccThus analyzing the factors which affect the sales of particular item is very important today.c
c

6)ccccccccccccThus if we clearly know about the factors, designing strategies for increasing sales become
easier.c
c

7)ccccccccccccBecause of large competition today, good planning to increase the demand is necessary.c
c

 
‰c
c

Here is the list of the companies selling washing machine in the India and it is as follows:c
c

cccccccc‰
‰c
c

cccccccccIt includes 7 products in washing machine.c

c
cccccccccThey are Electrolux-Fabriguard Turbo to Electrolux-Ultra care.c

cccccccccMRP Rs. 6,990(min) to Rs. 14,490(max).c

cccccccccWashing capacity ranges from 5 Kg to 7 Kg.c

 cccccccc c
c

cccccccccIt includes  6 products in washing machine.c

cccccccccThey are Godrej-GDS 400 to Godrej-GFT 700.c

cccccccccMRP Rs. 4,8 0(min) to Rs. 19,490(max).c

cccccccccWashing capacity ranges from 6 Kg to 7.5 Kg.c

·ccccccccÀ c
c

cccccccccIt includes 13 products in washing machine.c

cccccccccThey are Haier-XPB60- 35 to Haier-XQ5860JÊ.c

cccccccccMRP Rs. 6,990(min) to Rs. 34,990(max).c

£ccccccccÀ
Àc
c

cccccccccIt includes 3 products in washing machine.c

cccccccccThey are Hitachi-SF-70FJ to Hitachi-SF-95FJ.c

cccccccccMRP Rs.   ,500(min) to Rs.  9,500(max).c

cccccccccWashing capacity ranges from 8 Kg to 1  Kgc

Œcccccccc c
c
cccccccccIt includes  0 products in washing machine.c

cccccccccThey are IFB-Diva (cold) to IFB-Digital 7 kg.c

cccccccccMRP Rs. 11,999(min) to Rs. 30,900(max) with consumer price index Rs. 11,700 to Rs.  8,400.c

occcccccc! ë
c
c

cccccccccIt includes 5 products in washing machine.c

cccccccccThey are Kenstar-LS 55 to Kenstar-Tumble Top LF  008E (e-wash).c

cccccccccMRP Rs. 6,490(min) to Rs. 19,990(max).c

Gcccccccc‰ c
c

cccccccccIt includes 39 products in washing machine.c

cccccccccThey are LG-WP-9  0 to LG-WD-1457ERD.c

cccccccccMRP Rs. 6,750(min) to Rs. 7 ,990(max).c

cccccccccWashing capacity ranges from 6 kg to 11 kg.c

ucccccccc* c
c

cccccccccIt includes 18 products in washing machine.c

cccccccccThey are *ideocon-SA 63RF to *ideocon-K 5001FL.c

cccccccccMRP Rs. 6,190(min) to Rs. 19,990(max).c

^ccccccccÀ‰‰c
c

cccccccccIt includes  7 products in washing machine.c

c
cccccccccThey are Whirlpool-Superwash SI60, Whirlpool-Superwash E65 to Whirlpool-FSAH801.c

cccccccccConsumer price Index Rs. 6,900 to Rs. 18,000c

cccccccccMRP Rs. 7,440(min) to Rs.   ,390(max).c

cccccccccWashing capacity ranges from 6 Kg to 7 Kg.c

"ccccc  c
c

cccccccccIt includes 11 products in washing machine.c

cccccccccThey are Onida-Liliput to Onida-Tumble 55.c

cccccccccMRP Rs. 3,490(min) to Rs. 19,990(max).c

ccccc ë c
c

cccccccccIt includes 5 products in washing machine.c

cccccccccThey are Panasonic-ÊA-F70G5LRQ to Panasonic-ÊA-F1 0E HPQ.c

cccccccccMRP Rs. 16,790(min) to Rs. 3 ,990(max).c

 cccccë ë c
c

cccccccccIt includes 33 products in washing machine.c

cccccccccThey are Samsung-WT8 0  to Samsung-WD765 C8.c

cccccccccConsumer price Index Rs. 6,990 to Rs. 37,900c

cccccccccMRP Rs. 6,190(min) to Rs. 3 ,900(max).c

cccccccccWashing capacity ranges from 5 Kg to 7.5 Kg.c

c
·cccccë
c
c

cccccccccIt includes 11 products in washing machine.c

cccccccccThey are Sanyo-ASW-80SRT, Aanyo-ASW-1150T to Sanyo-ASW-*1100T.c

cccccccccMRP Rs. 1 ,990(min) to Rs.  3,990(max).c

c
c

£cccccëÀ c
c

cccccccccIt includes   products in washing machine.c

cccccccccThey are Sharp-ES-S950F to Sharp-ES-S1000F.c

cccccccccMRP Rs.  1,990(min) to Rs.  3,990(max).c

c
c

Œcccccë  ëc
c

cccccccccIt includes 3 products in washing machine.c

cccccccccThey are Siemens-WM A0716 to Siemens-WM- 00 XL.c

cccccccccMRP Rs.   ,490(min) to Rs. 30,990(max).c

c
c

occccc
ëÀ c
c

cccccccccIt includes 7 products in washing machine.c

cccccccccThey are Toshiba-*H-7 01EKC (IU) to Toshiba-AW-D950SKC (WI).c

c
cccccccccMRP Rs. 9,990(min) to Rs. 34,000(max).c

cccccccccWashing capacity ranges from 6.5 Kg to 9.5 Kgc


À‰
c
c

ccccccc       c

c

Any study of demand requires that some standard be established to define ³efficiently served´.
Having implemented various alternatives and matched these with market outcomes, we have found
that the optimal approach is to assume that certain key indicators are more likely to reflect efficiency
than others. These indicators are given greater weight than others in the estimation of demand
compared to others for which no known data are available.c
c

 ccccccc   ë

c
c

Based on the aggregate view of washing machines and washer-dryers as defined above, data
were then collected for as many geographic locations as possible for that same definition, at the same
level of the value chain. This generates a convenience sample of indicators from which comparable
figures are available.c
c

·ccccccc   

* 
c
c

In some cases, data are available on a sporadic basis. In other cases, data may be available for
only one year. Assuming that other factors are held constant, the missing years are extrapolated using
changes and growth in aggregate national, state or union territory and city-level income.c
c

£ccccccc*    #   
   c

c

Given the data available from the first three steps, the demand is estimated using a ³varying-
parameter´. Here the effect of income on demand is assumed to be constant unless there is empirical
evidence to suggest that this effect varies. Another way of looking at this is to say that demand for
washing machines and washer-dryers is more likely to be similar across states or union territories or
cities that have similar characteristics in terms of economic development.c
c

Œccccccc $  ‰  
   c

c

Êonlinearities are assumed in cases where filtered data exist along the aggregate consumption
function. Because India has more than 5,000 cities, there will always be those cities, especially toward
the bottom of the consumption function, where non-linear estimation is simply not possible. For these
cities, equilibrium demand is assumed to be perfectly parametric and not a function of wealth, but a
function of current income.c
c

occccccc     
 % c
c

Demand figures are estimated for all major cities in India. These are then aggregated to get
state or union territory totals. The purpose is to understand the density of demand within a state or
union territory and the extent to which a city might be used as a point of distribution within its state
or union territory.c
c

 
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c

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c

Some of the companies in the world who produces washing machines are as followc
c

3cc 

 

 
c
c

Some of the washing machine companies which are demanded more in the different countries of
the world are as follows.c
c

c
c

 c
c

c
c

Whirlpoolc
c

United Statesc
c

Electroluxc
c

Swedenc
c

GE Appliancesc
c

United Statesc
c

Matsushitac
c

c
c

Japanc
c

Bosch-Siemens Hausgerätec
c

Germanyc
c

Merloni/Indesitc
c

Italyc
c

Maytagc
c

United Statesc
c

LGc
c

Korea, Indiac
c

c
c

Haierc
c

Chinac
c

Arçelikc
c

Turkeyc
c

Fagorc
c

Spainc
c

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c
c

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c
c

 

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c

 ""£c
c

 c
c


#c
c

 ""^c
c

wc
c


c
c

USc
c

8, 74 c

9,773c
c

18.1c
c

Chinac
c

1 , 45c
c

 0,977c
c

71.3c
c

Brazilc
c

1,151 c
c

1,465c
c

 7.3c
c

Japanc
c

3,954 c
c

4,311c
c

9.0c
c

Germanyc
c

 ,550 c
c

 ,866c
c

1 .4c
c

Indiac
c

1,66  c
c

 ,705c
c

6 .8c
c

UKc
c

 ,1   c
c

 ,384c
c

1 .4c
c

Francec
c

 ,3 3 c
c

 ,638c
c

13.6c
c

Russiac
c

1,7 5 c
c

 ,308c
c

33.8c
c

Turkeyc
c

1,536 c
c

 ,143c
c

39.5c
c

3cc

c
c

Êaturally, it may be a little overwhelming when you look at a list of all the washing machine
manufacturers and need to pick one out, but there are several ways to single out the machine that will
be best for your homec
c

1)cccc
 
   
 find out what brands they use and see what they have to say
about them. Ask them about maintenance and repairs, local dealers and technical assistance. Getting
their opinions may help you avoid machines that you won't be able to find serviceable parts for in your
town. c
c

 )cccc
%
   
 

  

: Find out which brands offer longer
warranties and what types of damages are covered.c
c

3)cccc
  

%
Sales clerks typically recommend you buy

things that they are trying to get off their hands or that might grant them a larger commission.c
c

4)cccc $ 

 
   
 : Once you have decided
on the features you want, shop around, and compare prices and brands on machines offering the
characteristics you desire. c
c

3cc  


 
  c
c
cccccccccLGc

cccccccccWhirlpoolc

cccccccccSamsungc

ccccccccc*ideoconc

cccccccccHitachic

cccccccccElectroluxc

3cc 
  





 

c
c

cccccccccPricec

cccccccccBrandc

cccccccccFeatures c

ccccccccc*olumec

cccccccccServicec

cccccccccMarital statusc

cccccccccIncome levelsc

3cc &
 

 

 

c
c

 
‰* c
c
 c

Conceptual and practical are much related to each other. We had compared all practical
and conceptual concepts. We studied about the following relevant concepts:c
c

c
c

c
c

1)ccccccccHere we have chosen ordinal measurement scaling to assign ranks to different brands on the
basis of more demanded brand.c
c

 )ccccccccWe have learnt theoretically how to use ordinal scaling, but know by applying this scaling
technique on several variables in our project helps us to determine the relevance of theoretically
concept with the practically.c
c

3)ccccccccHence theoretical and practical concepts are more or less same.c

c

4)ccccccccWe have even use factor analysis research method to determine which factors affect more in
demand of the washing machines in particular country.c
c

5)ccccccccIn this analysis also practical working is highly relevant to the theoretical concept.c
c

  
   
c

c

c
c

3ccRising rate of growth of GDPc

c

3ccPreference for sophisticated brandsc

c

3ccPenetration in rural marketc

c

3ccImproving lifestylesc
c

3ccPower availabilityc
c

3ccEasy availability of consumer loans, expansion of hire purchase schemesc

c

3ccMoreover Rural Indiac

c

70 % of number of households has a penetration of 0.5 % for washing machines from  005.c
c

 ‰ë c
c

c
c

As explained earlier, washing machine industry is getting vast and highly competitive market
in India. In earlier years the market of washing machine was not good. But now entrepreneur entering
in this field have good scope. However the washing machine industry has vast market from several
years in several countries of the world. The prices have been continuously declining and new models
have been entering market and replacing old ones every day. The new models entering in the market
have several new features to attract customers. We can predict that in the near future the washing
machine industry will grow very high. c
c

 ‰  À
c
c

cc

ccccccccchttp://knowledge .wharton.com.cn//index.cfm?fa=viewArticle&Articleid=1111.c

cccccccccwww.google.comc

cccccccccwww.rediffmail.comc

cccccccccBusiness Research Methods book from ICFAI center for management research.c

cc

cc
c