1- *$ !

"#
! "# $% "& ' (
)$" $ * * ! ! +* ! $ !, ! " $$ , * $ !, ) ' $ !, -.
(
" ' * / -

$ * ! * '! ! $ *0 + '- 1-2.3 air Va

$ VV
Mw eau Vw
"
* "&

* * ))! *0 + '- 1-2. Mt

Ms solides
)$" $ * , Vs
!) $%! %" $,
" " & "$ '! 0 4" ,
5 $ ! + '- 1-2.-
'" 1-2 ' *0
* ' 3) $% ,
" $ & ,
"' $ !-

$ " %" "& ' , " ! ! * ! 6$

!, *$"7 "#* * ! ! $ ! ,$ ' !, $ * ! $ !, -
% )) " * ' , % 565 $ ) , !* 3

$ " " $,
$% )) "! ' * ' ,
$ " $% )) + " . * ' ,
$ " "+ "$ ' ! " .
- 2
 " $ * ' %" $ !, $ " " *$ " * ' ) )-
$ " "5 ! " " )
* - ! %" $* " 4" ) "#) 8 3

5 & $" 4" 9 0 3

5 & $" 4" $ 3 + : 0 $ & $" 4" 0" .

! 6 $ ) '" 1-;,
$ & $" 4" , 2000 2000

& & $ "

" *$ 1950 1950
Masse volumique
Masse volumique, ρ, kg/m3

Masse volumique, ρ, kg/m3

Augmentation du
humide, ρh
* " " < )) poids unitair
due au compactage

Indice des vides

Lig
* ' - 1900 1900

ne
Lig

de
n

sat
eà
1

Lig

u
rat
90%
1850 1850 Masse volumiques 0.9

ion
Augmentation du

eà
sèche, ρd

de

(Sr
poids unitair 0.8

80%
& $" 4" 9 0

=1
atu
due à l'eau ajoutée 0.7

de

00
ra

%)
tio
s
"$ ! $ $ 1800 1800 Indice des vides 0.6

atu

n
ra
0.5

tio
" "5 ! )

n
0.4

"# )$! $ * ! 1750

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
1750
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
0.3

Teneur en eau, w, % Teneur en eau, w, %

' $ 6 $% ! "
%" & $" " + '- 1-1.
- '" 1-; '" 1-1

0 # $ " " *$ * , "$ * " ) $ $ * ' ,

" * 4" $ " " *$ )$" $ * * !! " $
* !-

3
 ! *$" " !$! $ " 6" < )) * ' * *$ ' (
" $ * -

. $ =3
$
' $ "#, )) $ 6! (
' "$ , "* ) $$ *< 0 $ ' *$
, ) $ ,> % !$ &!-

.= "' !3
' $ "#, *$" ! $ ,& $ *$" ) $ ) ! -
' "$ , "* ) $$ " , *$" ) $ 6 * -
" )
, "' , = > %

" =, $% $ -
? *$ % " % $" -
)) * ' 6 $% ",
, "' *$" -

# = * : # " -
" " @ $"

=A = * , $ * $, " * $% )) 6 $% " " $ -

$ 3 * '
! $ !3 #
= * 4
 " "

" @ 2BB> +& $ *0C 4" .

" @ ,* * = * +& $
*0C 4" .

! ' , & ", % "

! * " $ $ & ,= *

= % )$" * "$ , " $ * * !! -

" ) *$ !, " $$ '"
-

. $% * "
.= * '" 1-E
. 0" *D 6 = *

ρh = ρd (1+ w) ρw 1 e.S r = w.Dr

wsr = −
ρd Dr
$ *0C 4" 3 w ρw Sr Dr
Sr = ρd = e = wsr .Dr = −1
ρw 1 ρ ρd
− w + w Sr
ρ d Dr ρs

5
 $ "1-2 * ! ! ))! $ -

No Description Sable Silt Argile wL Ip

1 Sable silteux bien 88 10 2 16
étalé
2 Sable sableux 72 15 13 16
bien étalé
3 Silt sableux 73 9 18 22 4
2200 modérément étalé
4 Argile sableuse et 32 33 35 28 9
2150 1 silteuse peu
2100 plastique
Li

5 Argile silteuse 5 64 31 36 15
g
ne
Masse volumique sèeche, ρd, kg/m3

2050
peu plastique
de

2
sa

6 Silt 5 85 10 26 2
t
2000
ur
a
tio

7 Argile grasse 6 22 72 67 40
n

1950
(S

8 Sable uniforme 94 -6-

r=
10

1900 3
0%
;D
r=
1850
2,
65

4
)
1800

1750 5
1700
'" 1-E 6
1650 7

1600 8

1550
5 10 15 20 25
Teneur en eau, w, %

'" 1-F # *$ " * " ))!

$ -

6
G * " ! $ $ * "
!" $ & * * !! & =-
% # ! # * " *
" 4" $ -

= *$ )$" $ " " $

' $ "# * ! -

" 7! 3

% '$ ! ! ,
& * $ ,
* "$ % '$ ''$ ! ! )$ -

" 7! 0" 3

! ! , $ 0 '9 ,
* "$ % ' $ *$" * ! -

'" 1-H & $" $ #" $% '$ "

* ' + % * 9 I0 , 2JJ1.

7
 % # *$ $ & K* " ) "
2BB * " 21 L = L 2F+ '- 1-M.

K N" 4"O
6 = P= * " "

" 7! 3! "$ $ -

" 7! 0" 3 ! "$ 6 & $

%" * &" * ! $ !,
*$ 6 = = *-

" 7! ,& '! ! $

& $ " 0 % * + '- 1-H.
-

% '$ 9 0 ' )$ " '! -

' )$ + " " '- 1-M.
-
" & K-
" '$ , 4" %! &
) " & -

4" < " '! L 2BB> + '- 1-M.

-
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" " * ' + , 2JFQ .
-

8
 500
Sr = 92%

! 400
A2

Contrainte axiale, σ1 (kPa)

' $ *$" 0" & !) $ A1
! - 300
A3
#- 3 '- 1-Q3 A4
A5
200
$$" " 5 !) , A6

0 $$ 2 " 7! 3 A7
100
! !$ &! , ) '$ , "$ !$ &!,
wL = 46, wopt=18,2%
* " !) $ -
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
0 $$ M " 7! 0" 3
Déformation axiale, εv, (%)

! ) $ , *$ 4" , * "* " ,

) $ "$ , !) $ - Essai w (%) ∆w Scmax Einitial Esec Esec Sr (%)
Rupt
A1 17,3 -0,9 480 38000 25000 6300 90
2 " "* !) $ 4" M-
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A3 18,5 +0,3 290 30000 11200 2600 93
A4 19,2 +1,0 255 25000 10000 2000 94
0 $$ 16= = 3 A5 19,6 +1,4 230 13000 8200 2100 93
*
A6 20,5 +2,3 160 12000 4900 1200 92
A7 21,7 +3,5 120 10000 3900 940 93
* 9 * $ - Interpolé à l’optimum 340 32000 14000 3000

'" 1-Q $ 5 !)
9
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#- 3 '- 1-J3 ! * " ))!

! ' * ' -
$ & = * & ! ' * ' -

" 7! 3
5 ! !$ &! , "' & ! ' * ' ,
5 !N6 $ ! 6 F> !) , "$ !$ &!-

" 7! 0" 3
5 ! ) $ , !* $%! ' * ' ,
5 "' & !) +*$" ' 6 ;F> 4"%6 F>. ,
*$ 4" , * "* " -

$% * " 3 ! R!$ &! 3

55 * -

,* " $ ! 3=@= *

! R!$ &!
*$ 4" , !) $
7$ ! = *$ $ ' $ "#-

3
" = * & ! ' + '- 1-J. '" 1-J ? $ ! )
" 7! , "' $%! ' = *- $% )) * ' $ "
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10
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* $ ! "' & =
#- 3 '- 1-2B

" #

"S"! $ * C 4" ,
+'$ .
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3 !* * $ '$ (*
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"S"! $$ @ $ $ "# & ' & ,

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$ " * =A= * - '" 1-2B 0 ' $ * $ ! & $ "

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11
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, = * " % )$" " K 6
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12
'" 1-22 " ' "$ ! 4" 3 $$
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;. * $ !

" 7! 0" , $ *$" !) $ *$" * $ , " " $V 0 + '- 1-21.

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13
 " #

1. " '

Affaissement (%)
?" $ $%! " $ "+ '- 1-21.
-
" "$ $ "* ) $$
$" ) $%! 0 $$ -

6 @ ,* $ ! % )) 6$
" ' -

* $V 0 , )) ) $ + '- 1-2E
'- 1-2F.
-

E. & $$ $ !

$ ! *$ -

" 7! 0" , $* " & )) $

* " < "$ -

#- 3 $ * " $$
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=@= * W ; "1 >-
'" 1-2F ? $% )) ) $ "
" * ' $ ! 9 0 $

14
 $% &

% #*! $ !" 9 6 ! $ ! " " *$ * " "

R ! " ' -

) < *! ) ! $ + " . %" ) 8 4" * % # "

7$ " $ " -

"# *! ) " "$ ! 3

*! ) 4" 6$ ! ! $ * -
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' ( ' #

" $ ! *$ * & ! $ -

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" 3 * !$ & " $ "* " & $" "-

$9 3 " & $" "*! 3
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15
 $% &

"#) 8 %! $ ! $ 3

2. !3 ρ d − ρ d min ρ d max
" $%! !* ** 6$ ! # " I D (%) = × 100
! " " * " " $ ! " C
ρ d max − ρ d min ρ d
% -
! # " 3* & " $ - emax − e
! " 3 *$ !& %" $ - I D (%) = × 100
! $ "$! 6* "ρ - emax − emin

emin emax
e
Id
100% 75% 50% 25% 0%

) ρ

G " " $ - $ !& ! 0" ,

* " ρL ρ 6 "
$ "* ) $$ 4" *< 0 $
' *$ + #- 3 '- 1-2H. -

'" 1-2H & $" $ ! "

) $ " "

16
 $% &

;. ' ! * ' 3 * ' -

! $ " ρ U=* " "

< )) * ' $ !, * " "
$ !-

Indice des vides

Densité sèche, ρd (g/cm3)
) !, - I D (%) =
ρ d − ρ d min ρ d max
× 100
ρ d max − ρ d min ρ d

*$" ρ #, " = * - ρmax=2,068 g/cm3 – P.M

ρmin = 1,373

, *$" % ) * " $ *$ -

Pourcentage du Proctor standard

' ! * ' 3 ρ Dρ #X2BB %"
! $ $ !-
"# $ & * "& < "$ !
4" ρ # $ $ $ "#-
% ! # " $ ! "# $
4" " > L 2; > * $ '" 1-2M $ ))!
QBµ +@ $ .
- #* $%!
!

) 8 $ ! , * "* " " $

$ "#!& $" ) ρ #@ ρ # "
) !-
Densité relative, Id (%)
4"& $ ! $ * " " $ ! + #- 3
'- 1-2M. -
" "#$%! !, " ρ
U = * $% & ' = *
*$" " $ ! $ ' * " )
*! ) - 17
 % &

' (

"$ " *! ) $ !6 , ** 0 *! ) *$"7 $ ! 0 "$ * ! "

* ' , 3

C* * ",
% *! " * ",
* ,
%!* " "0 -

" #' $$ $ *$ ' " " $ ' " # $ * "$ -

* $ ! % *$" "$ " ", 4" $ $ * !* $
" - & $ ! 0 *! ) ! , $ ' ! * ' & "$" % * *
$-

" " $$ *! ) 3
! "$ * ! +ρ . < ",
#*! *$ 0 % -
& "$ * " ' 4" !-

* +

,$ 0 # $ " " *$ * " < " 4" " 4"

%! , O 565 * " $ ! & "$" & $ %! ' * $ -
"** * # *$ 4"% #' " ' ! * ' !' $ 6 JF> " ) ! $$
4"%! $ * $ $ ρ U=+ " 2, '- 1-2Q. - * * ! $ " " * "
* " $%! ' " ) !- ! ' * * ! * " " ' !
* ' JF> ) 8 ** # & * "! $ , & $ $'
* " ," $ ρ U= * " " ! ' * 6" ' ! * ' JF>
+ " ;, '- 1-2Q. - " " * " $ ! * $ * - 18
 * +

"** 4" $ * " " $ * " !$ & $%! ' * " ) !, $

*$ ' " " : $ * $ % " ' ! * ' JF> $ !* $
* - %" * &" ! * , % $ " " "* 4" *
* *$" ) $ + %! ' . -
* 4" , * " < % " ' ! * ' JF>, $%! ' **$ 4"! " $
"! $ " 2 ;- , $ *$ ' " "& ! * $
* -
2100

2050
Masse volumique sèche, ρd, kg/m3

2000

1950

Li
gn
ed
es
1900
95%

atu
rat
ion
1850

(S
;

r=
10
1800

0%
)
2
1750

a d b c
1700
4 6 8 10 12
Teneur en eau, w, %
'" 1-2Q ! $ " " *$ 19
 ,$ - $

' ! *
' ! $ * ** ρ "! " $ ρ #! $ $ * "
* ' & " 4" $ ! "# $ $ $ - %$ C
" " 6" ))! $ ! "#, " * ' $ <
) ", 6 " $ ," 6" * -
" * ' 6" * ," $ ρ U = ** # & ! $ & $
$' * " %" "$ * ! ! $ " 7! -

2100

2050
Masse volumique sèche, ρd, kg/m3

2000
Référence
1950

Li
gn
ed
es
1900

atu
rat
Essai à un

ion
1850

(S
point

r=
10
1800

0%
)
1750

1700
4 6 8 10 12
Teneur en eau, w, %

'" 1-2J ! $ " 6* %" *

20
 . /,

. " 0 ' 1 2ρ

* 3 ' " $$ " " *$" ) ,* # *$ "! $ ,

$ & $" "*! * $$ "* 9 " & $" 4" " "* *$" ' 4" $
& $" 4" $ , +*" 4" ρ $$ "≅ ;MB BK'D 1.-

,$ & $" 4" $% $ "' & $ > * $$ "-

* $ 3

. ! $ ! "$ 6 B> * ρ #@
! * "$ PF " $ ρ #P

$ ! ' ρ #6

. $ ! "! 0 " C %" *$ 0 !)! * !

* "$ PF
ρ 0 @Y
ρ ZY
$ & $" 4" * " $ * " ' * + % " ** 0 # .

ρ ensemble = P f ρ f + 0 , 9 Pg ρ g
:3 ρ $ @ & $" 4" " $ $" $ ' & $ $ ZF +K'D 1.
(
) @* " ' $ ZF ! $ (
ρ) @ & $" 4" $ ZF +K'D 1. (
' @* " ' ' & +P F . ! $ (
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+G " ρ'@ρ * " * * ≅ * ! ≅ B, 4" " " 0C* 09 21

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)! ! $ $ 6 B> * -

& $%!4" * ! ! , 3
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$ ρ) 3

ρ) @ ρ "
'! 6 B> * @ 2M1M K'D 1 % & $ " 4" * ! 6$ & $ "
! $ $ -
" )! $ )) "! 6 B> * " & $" 4" # $
9 0 ρ #@2Q2BK'D 1, $ $ ' ! * ' $ & , @ +2M1MD2Q2B.X2BB> @ JH> $
& $ " ) !-
$ & , ! *$"7 [ ' \$ & $ " * " !& $" ) $
& $" 4" " $" $ * , * "* ! " 3 ρ ensemble = ρ Pr octor mod ifié corrigé = Pf ρ f + 0,9 Pg ρ g

@B,J11X2Q2BWB,JXB,BHMX;HMB
@ 2QFBK'D 1
@+2MQ;D2QFB.X2BB> @ JH>

22
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. 2

" =U $ '" 6 1-H-2

= U* "< F> +* . 2B> + $ . ;F> + '$ .

]2 $$ " @
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w ensemble = P f w f + Pg w g
:3 = @ " " " $ $"
$ ' & $ $ ZF +K'D 1.
(
$
) @* " ' $ ZF! $ (
=) @ " " $ ZF +K'D 1. (
' @* " ' ' & +P F . ! $ (
=' @ " " "' & +K'D 1.≈ρ -

# *$ 3

< # *$ 4"% 1-H-2,

=' @ B,M> =)@Q>

= $ @ B,J11+B,BQ.W B,BHM+B,BBM.

= $ @ M,F>

23
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25
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26
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• $ * " " * $ & ) $ $% 1QBK -
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28
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