Building Planing and Drawing

Code No: T0121 SET - 1
II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Supply Examinations, Dec- 2009
BUILDING PLANING AND DRAWING

(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80
________________________________________________________________________
Notes: (i). Answer any three questions from Part- A

(ii). Any one question from Part –B
******
Part –A
1. a).What are objectives of building Byelaws (8+7M)
b). What are the minimum stands for various parts of buildings
2. Explain the characteristics of various types of residential buildings (15M)
3. Explain the planning standards of Educational institutions and hospitals? (15M)
4. What do mean by Bar charts and explain them briefly in connection with (15M)
monitoring and scheduling?
5. a). Explain the FAR and FSI and also in what way these are use full to a (7+8M)
Civil Engineer?
Part – B
1. From given line diagram with specifications draw the plan and section of singly
storyed residential building. Assume suitable data for the foundation, doors and
windows
(OR)
1 of 2
2 of 2

(Civil Engineering)

________________________________________________________________________

(ii). any one question from Part –B
******
Part –A
1. a). Explain the FAR and FSI and also in what way these are use full to a (8+7M)
Civil Engineer?
2. Explain the planning standards of Dispensaries and office buildings? (15M)
3. What do under stand about the planning of construction projects and (15M)
explain it clearly by giving some suitable examples?
4. a).What are objectives of building Byelaws (8+7M)

5. Classify and explain the bye buildings? And also explain the lighting (15M)
and ventilation requirements
Part – B
windows
1 of 2
(OR)
2 of 2

(Civil Engineering)

________________________________________________________________________

(ii).Any one question from Part –B
******
Part –A
1. a) What are principles underlying with building Byelaws? (15M)

b) Explain the characteristics of various types of buildings?
2. Explain the planning standards of banks and industrial buildings ? (15M)
3. Explain the importance of recreation buildings? (15M)
4. What do under stand the CPM & PERT network planning and explain (15M)
their significance in connection with civil engineering applications
5. Classify and explain the bye buildings? And also explain the lighting and (15M)
ventilation requirements
Part – B
windows
1 of 2
Code No: T0121
SET - 3
(OR)
2 of 2

(Civil Engineering)

(ii)Any one question from Part –B
1. Classify and explain the bye buildings? And also explain the lighting (10+5M)
and ventilation requirements
2. a). What do you under stand about the open space requirements and (8+7M)
built up area limitations ?
b). what do you understand about the grouping and requirements for
different rooms in residential buildings?
3. Explain the planning standards of Hotels and motels ? (15M)
4. What do your explanation about the times and floats and in what they (15M)
play major roll in construction management ?
5. a).What are principles underlying with building Byelaws? (8+7M)

b). Explain the characteristics of various types of buildings?
Part – B
windows
1 of 2
(OR)
2 of 2
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Code No: V0221
MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

(Common to EEE, EIE, BME, E.CON.E)
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
___________________________________________________________________________
Note: Present Value Tables are permitted for the Q.No:7
1. Explain how Managerial Economics is linked with other academic disciplines.

2. Define Law of Demand. What are its exceptions? Explain.
3. Illustrate the price determination in case of monopoly.
4. Explain the production function with reference to Law of Variable proportions and
substitutability of factors.
5. Evaluate sole proprietorship form of business organization.
6. If sales are 10,000 units and selling price is Rs. 20 per unit, variable cost Rs. 10 per
unit and fixed cost is Rs. 80,000. Find out BEP in units and sales revenue. What is
profit earned? What should be the sales for earning a profit of Rs. 60,000/-.
7. ABC Co. ltd. is proposing to mechanize their operations. Two proposals A and B in
the form of quotations have been received from two different vendors. The proposal
in each case cost Rs. 5, 00,000/-. A discount factor of 12% is used to compare the
proposals. Cash flows after taxes are likely to be as under.
Cash flows after taxes (in Rs.)
Year Proposal ‘A’ Proposal ‘B’

1 1.50,000 50,000
2 2,00,000 1,50,000
3 2,50,000 2,00,000
4 1,50,000 3,00,000
5 1,00,000 2,00,000
Which one do you recommend under Net Present Value Index method?
8. What are the important ratios? Explain any four of them with examples to understand
the financial statements?
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Code No: V0221

(Common to EEE, EIE, BME, E.CON.E)

__________________________________________________________________________
EŽƚĞ͗WƌĞƐĞŶƚsĂůƵĞdĂďůĞƐĂƌĞƉĞƌŵŝƚƚĞĚĨŽƌƚŚĞY͘EŽ͗ϲ
1. Define Managerial Economics. Explain the nature and scope of Managerial

Economics.
2. Define the Law of Demand. What are its Exceptions? Explain.
3. What is perfect competition? Explain the equilibrium of firm and industry in both the
short-run and long-run under perfect competition.
4. Define production function? What are the types of production function? Explain them
in brief.
5. Discuss the role of sole proprietorship in forms of organization.
6. Consider the case of the company with the following two investment alternatives each
costing Rs. 9, 00,000/-. The details of the cash flows are as follows.
Cash flows (in Rs.)

Year
Project-I Project-II
1 3,00,000 6,00,000
2 5,00,000 4,00,000
3 6,00,000 3,00,000
The cost of capital is 10 per cent per year. Which one will you choose?
(a)Under DCF method.
(b) Under NPVI method.
7. XYZ Company has supplied you the following information.
No. of units sold 20,000 units
Fixed cost Rs. 2, 40, 000
Variable cost per unit Rs. 15
Selling price per unit Rs. 30
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Code No: V0221
Find out:
i) BEP in units
ii) Margin of safety
iii) Sales to get a profit of Rs. 2,00,000
iv) Verify the results in all the above cases
8. From the following trail balance of Mr. Surya & co as on 31st December 2008.
Prepare the Trading account, profit& Loss account and Balance sheet as on date.
Particulars Debit Credit

(Rs.) (Rs.)
Capital - 70,000
Purchases 40,000 -
Sales - 75,000
Returns 1,000 2,000
Opening stock 20,000 -
Wages 1,000 -
Coal & Power 1,500 -
Carriage Inwards 3,000 -
Salaries 2,000 -
Sundry Debtors 15,000 -
Sundry Creditors - 10,000
Bills Payable - 5,000
Bills Receivable 10,000 -
Plant & Machinery 7,500 -
Cash in Hand 27,000 -
Cash at Bank 15,000 -
Discount 5,00 -
Discount received - 2,000
Loans - 5,000
Bank Overdraft - 5,000
Buildings 33,000 -
Total 1,74,000 1,74,000
Adjustments:
a) Closing stock Rs. 30,000
b) Bad debts on sundry debtors Rs. 1,000
c) Deprecation on buildings Rs. 3,000
ĚͿ Outstanding salaries Rs. 500

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Code No: V0221

(Common to EEE, EIE, BME,E.CON.E )

__________________________________________________________________________
EŽƚĞ͗WƌĞƐĞŶƚsĂůƵĞdĂďůĞƐĂƌĞƉĞƌŵŝƚƚĞĚ
1. Define Managerial Economics. Explain the nature and scope of Managerial
Economics.
2. What is Elasticity of Demand? How do you measure it?
3. Define returns to scale. What is the significance of increasing, decreasing and

constant returns to scale?
4. What is the perfect competition? How are price and out determined under perfect
Competition?
5. Define sole trader. What are its features and merits and demerits?
6. A firm manufactures two products viz. P and Q. The firm wants to drop the product Q
as it is yielding less contribution per unit and add the product R. By adding the
product R, the new fixed cost is likely to be Rs. 2,50,000/- and the sales volume will
increase to Rs. 18,00,000/-. Consider the following information and suggest whether
the firm should change the product or not.
Existing Product-mix
Product Selling price/ Variable cost/ % of sales

per unit per unit
(Rs.) (Rs.)
P 80 32 60
Q 100 40 40
The total fixed cost during the year is Rs. 200,000/- and sales are Rs. 16,00,000/-
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Code No: V0221
Proposed Product-mix
Product Selling price/ Variable cost/ % of sales

per unit per unit
(Rs.) (Rs.)
P 100 40 30
R 120 48 70
7. What are the methods of capital budgeting?
8. Explain the basic accounting concepts and conventions. Give examples.
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Code No: V0221

(Common to EEE, EIE, BME,E.CON.E, )

__________________________________________________________________________
EŽƚĞ͗WƌĞƐĞŶƚsĂůƵĞdĂďůĞƐĂƌĞƉĞƌŵŝƚƚĞĚĨŽƌƚŚĞY͘EŽ͗ϳ
ϭ͘Explain the importance of Managerial Economics in decision making.
2. What is demand forecasting? Explain different methods of demand forecasting.
3. Explain different cost concepts which are essential for business decisions.
4. Define Monopoly. Explain price and output determination under monopoly.
5. What is partnership? What are its features, advantages and disadvantages?
6. Define BEP. How do you determine it? Show graphical presentation of Break Even Point.
7. ABC Co. Ltd. is proposing to mechanize their operations. Two proposals A and B in the
form of quotations have been received from two different vendors. The Proposal in each
case costs Rs. 5, 00,000/-. A discount factor of 12% is used to compare the proposals. Cash
flows after taxes (CFAT) are likely to be as under.
Cash flows after taxes (Rs.)

Year Proposal ‘A’ Proposal’B’
1 1,50,000 50,000
2 2,00,000 1,50,000
3 2,50,000 2,00,000
4 1,50,000 3,00,000
5 1,00,000 2,00,000
Which one do you recommend under Net Present Value Index method?
8. What are the important ratios? Explain any four of them with examples to
Understand the financial statements?

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Code No: V0321
II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Supply Examinations, D

Dec- 2009
KINEMATICS
INEMATICS OF MACHINERY
(Mechanical Engineering)

1. a) Distinguish between completely constrained and successfully constrained motions.
Give
ive example for each
each.
b) Describe the case inversions of single slider crank chain.
2. Show that a pantograph can produce paths exactly similar to the ones traced by a
point on a link on an enla
enlarged or reduced scale
3. Figure 1 shows a slinder

slinder-crank mechanism with the following dimensions:
Crank OA A = 180mm; connecting rod AB = 600mm; the distance of centre of mass
from crank end, AD = 200mm. When the crank is at 1200 as shown in figure 1 and
rotating in clockwise direction, calculate the (a) velocity of D and angular velocity of
AB. (b) acceleration of D and angular acceleration of AB. At the instant, the crank
gular velocity of 50 rad/s and angular acceleration of 800 rad/s2. Also find a
has an angular
point on the connecting ro
rod
d which has zero acceleration at this instant.
Figure 1
4. Derive an expression for the ratio of angular velocities oof the shafts of a Hooke’s
H
joint.
5. Draw the profile of a cam operating a voller reciprocating follower for the following
f
data:
least radius of cam = 25mm.
Life of the follower = 30mm.
Diameter of the roller=15mm.
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Code No: V0321
The cam lifts the follower for 1200 with simple Harmonic motion followed by a dwell
period of 300. Then the follower lowers down during 1500 of the camca rotation with
uniform acceleration and decel
deceleration followed by a dwell period. If the cam
ca rotates
at a uniform speedd of 120 rpm, calculate the maximum
aximum velocity and acceleration of
the follower during the desce
descent period.
6. a)) Differentiate between cyclo
cycloidal teeth and involute teeth.
b) A pinion of 200 involute teeth rotating at 300 rpm meshes with a gear and provides
a gear ratio of 1.8. The number of teeth on the pinpinion is 20 and the module is 8mm.
To avoid interference, determine (i) the addenda
nda on the wheel and the pinion, (ii) the
path of contact and (iii) the maximum velocity of sliding oon n both sides of the pitch
point.
7. a) What is the effect of centrifugal tension on the power transmit
transmitted?
b) What is creep in a belt drive?
c) A belt transmits 10 kW of power from a pulley that is 1m in diameter running at
m. The angle of lap is 1600 and the coefficient of friction between the pulley
250 rpm.
2
and belt is 0.25. The maximum safe wor working
king stress in the belt is 2.4 N/mm
N . The
thickness of the belt is 10mm and density leather iis 0.0012 g/mm3. Find the width of
the belt taking centrifugal tension int
into account.
8. For a compound gear train shown in figure 2, an input torque of 160N-m

160 is given to
shaft B at 900 rpm. The su
sun and planet gears are all of the same diameter and pitch.
What will be the speed and the torque at the output shaft C assuming an efficiency of
94%. Also find the torque required to hold the annu
annulus A1 stationary.
Figure 2
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Code No: V0321

Dec- 2009
KINEMATICS OF MACHINERY

1. a) Define a Kinematic
ic pai
pair. Explain different types.
b)Describe the inversions of double slider crank chain

chain.
2. Sketch a peaucellier and show that it can trace a straight line
3. A toggle mechanism is shown in figure 1. Find the velocities of the points B and C
and the angular velocities of links AB, BQ and BC. The crank rotates at 60 rpm in
clockwise direction.
Figure 1
4. a) What is Hooke’s joint? Where is it used?
b) Sketch a polar velocity diagram of a Hooke’s joi
joint and mark its salient features.
c) What is fundamental equation of steering gears? Which steering gear fulfilsfulfil this
condition?
d) the track arm of a drive steering gear is at a distance of 192 mm from the main axle
where as the difference between their lengths is 96mm. If the distance between betw
steering pivots of the main axle is 1.4
1.4m,
m, determine the length of the chassis between
the front and the rear whwheels. Also, find the inclination
nation of the track arms to the
longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
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Code No: V0321
5. In a 4- stroke petrol engine, the exhaust value opens 400 before the top dead centre
and closes 150 after bottom dead center. The value has a lift of 10mm. The least
radius of the circular arc type cam operating a flat-faced follower is 22mm. The nose
radius is 3mm.The camshaft rotates at 1500 rpm. Calculate the maximum velocity of
the value and the minimum force exerted by the spring to overcome the inertia of the
moving parts that weigh 200g.
6. a) Define the following related to a gear
(i) pitch circle, (ii) circular pitch, (iii) module, (iv) deddendum and (v) pressure angle.
b) Derive expressions for minimum number of teeth on the gear wheel and the pinion
to avoid interference.
7. a) Derive an expression for the ratio of tensions in a flat belt drive.

b) The grooves on the pulleys of a multiple- rope drive have an angle of 450 and
accommodate ropes of 20mm diameter having a mass of 0.6 kg per meter length for
which a safe operating tension of 1000 N has been laid down. Speed of both the
pulleys is 180 rpm. Assuming coefficient of friction as 0.25, determine the diameters
of the pulleys and number of ropes when the power transmitted is 140 kW. The drive
is designed for maximum power conditions and the pulleys are equal size
8. a) What is a reverted gear train? Where is it used?

b) An epicyclic gear train consists of a pinion, a wheel of 40 teeth and an annulus
with 84 internal teeth concentric with the wheel. The pinion gears with the annulus.
The arm that carries the axis of the pinion rotates at 120 rpm. If the annulus is fixed,
find the speed of the wheel.
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Code No: V0321

Dec- 2009

1. a) Distinguish between
i) Lower and higher pairs
ii) Closed and open pairs
iii) Mechanism and machine.
iv) Completely and successfully constrained motions
b) Describe the inversions of double slider crank cchain
2. Sketch Hart mechanism and show that it generator a straight line.

3. a) Define i) Body cecentrode ii) space centrode
b) For the fourr ba
bar mechanism shown in figure-1,, find the linear velocities of the
sliders C and D and the angular velocities of links AC and BD. Use instantaneous
centre method.
Figure 1
4. a) Two shafts connected by a Hooke’s joint have their axes inclined at 150. At
what positions of their driving shafts,
s, the velocities of the two shafts are equal? If
the driving shaft rotates at 1600rpm
1600rpm, find acceleration of the driven shaft at any
one of the above positions.
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Code No: V0321
b) What conditions
ions must be satisfied by the steering mechanism
echanism of a car in order
thatt the wheels may have pure rolling mot
motion
ion when taking a curve? Deduce the
relationship connecting the inclinations of the fro
front
nt stub axles to the rear axle, the
distance between the pivots of the front axles and the wheel base of the car.
5. Derive expressions for dis

displacement and velocity for flat lat faced follower of a
circular cam when a) the contact is on circular flank
flank, b) the contact is on circular
nose.
6. a) State conditions for correct gearing.

b) Two equal gear wheels having involute have stand
standard
ard addendum equal to one
module. Find the least number of teeth on the pinion to avoid interference and the
length of arc of contact in terms of module, if the radial load on
o bearing is 0.35
times the normal thrust.
7. a) What are power transmission chains? Give the various types.

belt having a lap of 1800 has a cross-sectional area of 2.5cm2 and runs in a
b) A V-belt
groove of included angle 500. The density of the belt
elt is 0.0015 kg per cm3 and the
400N/ cm2. Find the maximum power that can be
maximum stress is limited to 400
transmitted, if the wheel has a mea
meann diameter of 30cm and runs at 900rpm.
900 Take
coefficient of friction as 0.2
8. In the epicyclic
picyclic gear train shown in figure2, the compound wheels E and F rotate
freely on the shaft A which carries the planet carr
carrier G. The planets B and C are
compound gears. The number of teeth on each gear is NE = 30, NH = 15, NB = 20,
NC = 18, ND = 68. The shafts A and K rotate in the same direction at 250rpm and
100rpm,, respectively
respectively. Determine the speed of shaft J.
Figure.2
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Code No: V0321

Dec- 2009

1. a) Discuss various types of constrained motions bet

between a pair of links
b) Differentiate between whit worth qquick-return mechanism and crank and slotted-lever
mechanism
c) Describe oldham’s coupling.
d) The distance between two parallel shafts is 16mm and th they
ey are connected by an
oldham’s coupling. Calculate the maximum speed of sliding of the torque of the
intermediate piece along its groove if the driving shaft revol
revolves at 180rpm.
2. a) Under what conditions Scott-Russel el mechanism traces out a straight line and an
ellipse? State the limitations of Scott-Russel mechanism.
b) Show that Tchebicheff mechanism traces an approximate straight line.
3. a) State and Prove Kennedy’

Kennedy’s theorem of three instantaneous centers.
b) The inversion of the slider
slider- crank mechanism shown in figure 1 is driven by link 2 at
60rad/sec in counter clockwise direction. Find the velocity of point B and the angular
velocities
ties of links 3 and 4. Given AA02= 75mm, BA = 400mm; 0402 = 125mm
Figure 1
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Code No: V0321

4. a) Differentiate between Ackermann and Davis steering gear mechanisms.

b) Sketch and explain Ackermann steering gear mechanism.
c) State the conditions to be satisfied in a double Hooke’s joint in order to provide a
uniform velocity ratio throughout a revolution.
d) Two shafts are to be connected by a Hooke’s joint. The driving shaft rotates at a
uniform speed of 600rpm and the speed of the driven shaft must lie between 580 and 620
rpm. Determine the maximum permissible angle between the shafts.
5. Derive expressions for displacement and velocity for a roller follower operated by on
tangent cam when a) the contact is on straight flank , b) the contact is on circular nose.
6. a) Obtain expression for path of contact for involute gears, when the points at which
engagement commences and terminates are within the points of tangency.
b) A straight sided-cutter having standard addendum of one module is required to
generate involute teeth on a gear wheel having 18 teeth. If pitch in module is equal to
8mm, find the smallest pressure angle that can be used to avoid under cutting. Also
determine the maximum velocity of sliding if two such equal wheels rotating at 180rpm
are in mesh.
7. a) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of crossed belts over open belts
b) A pulley of 30cm diameter running at 200rpm is connected by belt to another pulley at
a distance of 300cm.The second pulley has to run at 120rpm. The belt is 5mm thick and
150mm wide and weights 1gm/cm3. Allowing a slip of 3% between belt and each pulley
determine i) the size of the second pulley
ii) The stress in the belt due to centrifugal tension.
iii) Power transmitted
Given coefficient of friction as 0.25.
8. a) What is differential gear of an automobile? How does it function?

b) In a sum and planet gear train, the sum gear wheel having 60 teeth is fixed to the
frame. Determine the number of teeth on the planet and the annulus wheels if the annulus
rotates 120 times and the arm 100 times both in the same direction.
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SET - 1
Code No: V0425
ANALOG COMMUNICATIONS
(Electronics and Communications Engineering)

1. a) Explain the generation of AM wave using square law modulator. (8M)

b) Explain the method of AM detection by envelope detector. (8M)
2. a) Draw the block diagram for the generation of DSB-SC using balanced modulator and
explain its working. (8M)
b) Evaluate the effect of a small frequency error in the local oscillator on synchronous
DSB demodulation. (8M)
3. a) Explain with block diagram the phase shift method of generation of SSB. (8M)
b) Show that a VSB wave plus carrier retains the baseband information in its envelope.
(8M)
4. 8
[ 3
]
a) An Angle modulated signal xc (t ) = 10 cos 10 πt + 3 sin 2π × 10 t is present across a 50
ohm resistive load. Find
(i) the total average power, (ii) the peak phase deviation, (iii) the peak frequency
deviation whether above signal is FM or PM justify your answer and (iv) the modulation
index and transmission band width. (8M)
b) Compare FM and AM (8M)
5. a) Derive an expression for output SNR for DSB-SC system. (8M)

b) Draw the pre-emphasis circuit and explain its working. (8M)
6. a) Draw the block schematic of AM transmitter and explain the function of each block.
(8M)
b) Discuss the frequency stability in FM transmitter. (8M)
7. a) Draw the amplitude limitter circuit and explain its functioning. (8M)
b) List and discuss the factors influencing the choice of IF for a radio receiver. (8M)
8. a) Describe with suitable circuit the scheme of generation of PPM signals. (8M)
b) Write short notes on “TDM”. (8M)
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SET - 2
Code No: V0425

1. a) Derive an expression for AM wave and draw its frequency spectrum. (8M)
b) The signal V (t ) = [1+ m(t )]cos wc t is square law detected by a detector having the
characteristic V0 = V 2 plot the amplitude frequency characteristics of volt. (8M)
2. a) Explain the generation of DSB-SC signal using Ring modulator. (8M)

b) Explain the coherent detector of DSB-SC modulated waves. (8M)
3. a) Draw the block diagram of a phase cancellation SSB generator and explain how the
carrier and unwanted sidebands are separated. (8M)
b) Describe the principle of USB transmission what are its advantages over SSB.
(8M)
4. a) Explain the working of Armstrong method for FM generation with a neat block
schematic. (8M)
b) Explain balanced slope detector for detecting FM signal. (8M)
5. a) Discuss the S/N ratios at the input and output of envelope detector and product demodulator
used for normal AM. Compare their performance. (8M)
b) Distinguish between pre-emphases and de-emphases. (8M)
6. a) Draw the block schematic of phase modulated FM transmitter and explain the function
of each block. (8M)
b) Discuss the effect of feedback on performance of AM transmitter. (8M)
7. a) Discuss the merits of delayed AGC, compared with simple AGC. (8M)
b) Draw the block diagram of FM receiver and explain each block. (8M)
8. a) Explain the generation of PWM. (8M)

b) Explain the demodulation of PPM. (8M)
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SET - 3
Code No: V0425

§ m2 ·
1. a) Show that the power required to transmit the AM wave is Pt = Pc ¨¨1 + ¸ (8M)
© 2 ¸¹
b) Consider an AM signal, φ m (t ) = (1+ A cos ω m t )cos ωc t where the message signal
frequency ω m = 5 kHz and the carrier frequency ωc=100 kHz, the constant A=15, can this
signal be demodulated by an envelope detector? What will be the output of the envelope
detector? (8M)
2. a) Explain the generation of DSB-SC signal using balanced modulator. (8M)

b) Discuss the effect of frequency and phase error in demodulation of DSB-SC wave
using synchronous detector. (8M)
3. a) Draw the block diagram of the frequency discrimination method of generating SSB
waves and explain its working. (8M)
b) Give the comparison of AM techniques. (8M)
4. a) Show that the average power of FM is constant. (8M)

b) Explain the working of Foster Seely discriminator for FM demodulator. (8M)
5. a) Obtain an expression for the SNR at the output of FM demodulator in terms of SNR
at the input. (8M)
b) Explain the use of pre-emphases in FM transmitter. (8M)
6. a) Draw the neat block diagram of an AM transmitter and explain the function of each
block. (8M)
b) Discuss the frequency stability in FM transmitter. (8M)
7. a) What is 3 point tracking? How do tracking error arise in super heterodyne receiver.
(8M)
b) Distinguish between AGC, simple AGC and delayed AGC. (4M)
c) Explain the necessary of limitter circuit in FM receiver. (4M)
8. a) Explain how the PAM signals are generated. (8M)

b) Explain about multiplexing and distinguish between TDM and FDM. (8M)
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SET - 4
Code No: V0425

1. a) Explain the generation of AM by switching modulation technique. (8M)
b) Draw the basic circuit of square law diode detector and explain its working principle.
(8M)
2. a) A modulating signal m(t) is applied to a DSB suppressed carrier system modulator
operating at fc=50kHz. Determine and sketch the spectrum of the modulated signal if
m(t ) = 2 cos (4000π t ) + 5 cos (6000π t ). (8M)
b) Evaluate the effect of a phase error in the local oscillator on synchronous DSB
demodulator. (8M)
3. a) Explain the SSB generation using frequency discrimination method. (8M)

b) What is vestigial side band transmission? Draw the transmitter and receiver filter response
for transmitting and receiving such signals. (8M)
4. a) A rule of bandwidth for FM signal is used as BW = (2m f + 1) f m . Find the fraction of

the signal power that is included in that frequency band. Assume that mf =1 and 10 (8M)
b) Draw the block diagram of PLL technique for demodulation of an FM signal and
explain its operation. (8M)
5. a) Derive an expression for output signal to noise ratio for SSB-SC synchronous detection
system . (8M)
b) Explain what is meant by pre-emphasis. Draw the pre-emphases circuit and explain its
working. (8M)
6. a) Explain the working of variable Reactance type FM transmitter with a neat block
schematics. (8M)
b) Discuss the effect of feedback on performance of AM transmitter. (8M)
7. a)Draw the block schematics of superhecterodyne receiver and explain the operation of
each block. (8M)
b) Explain what is meant by Image frequency. What are the considerations in the choice
of IF in a superhetnodyne receiver. (8M)
8. a)Explain the generation of PPM. (8M)

b)Explain TDM with a help of a block diagram. (8M)
1 of 1
Code No: V0524 ^dͲϭ
OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

(Com. to CSE, Chem, IT, ECC)
__________________________________________________________________________

1. a) Compare structured programming and object oriented programming. (6M)
b) Explain the OOP concepts in detail. (10M)
2. a) Explain parameter passing techniques in JAVA with an example. (6M)

b) What are the Jump stunts in JAVA? Explain them. (4M)
c) Write a Recursive JAVA program to find the factorial of a given number. (6M)
3. a) Explain method overriding with an example. (8M)

b) What are the benefits of Inheritance? (4M)
c) What will happen when you compile and run the following program. (4M)
public class MyClass
{
Public static void main (String args)
{
System.out.println(“Hello world”);
}
}
4. Explain in detail the process of crating, defining, importing and accessing a package with
suitable examples. (16M)
5. a) Explain the life cycle of a thread. (6M)

b) Write a Java program that creates two threads. First tread prints the numbers from 1 to 50
and the other thread prints the numbers from 51 to 100. (10M)
6. a) What is an adapter class? Explain it with an example. (6M)

b) Explain Border and Grid layout managers with an example each. (10M)
7. a) Explain the life cycle of an applet. (4M)

b) What are the differences between AWT and swing components? (4M)
c) Explain passing parameters to an applet with an example. (8M)
8. Write a program for simple chatting using TCP. (16M)

1 of 1
Code No: V0524 ^dͲϮ

(Com. to CSE,Chem, IT,ECC)
__________________________________________________________________________
1. a) What are benefits of object oriented programming. (6M)

b) Explain polymorphism. (6M)
c) Compare generation with specialization. (4M)
2. a) Explain constructor overloading with an example. (8M)

b) Compare string and string Buffer. (4M)
c) Explain about garbage collection. (4M)
3. a) Explain the usage of ‘super’ keyword with an example. (8M)

b) What is command lone argument? How it is useful? (4M)
c) Compare overloading and overriding. (4M)
4. a) Explain the differences between an inference and a class with an example each. (8M)
b) Explain the usage of StingTokenizer class with an example. (8M)
5. a) What is the difference between checked and unchecked exceptions in Java? Explain.
(6M)
b) Explain inter-thread communication with a suitable example. (10M)
6. a) What is an event? Name and explain any four event classes available in
java.awt.event package. (8M)
b) Write a Java program to create a window with two TextFields and a Button. When you
click the button the text entered in first text field will appear in other text field. (8M)
7. a) What are the differences between an applet and an Application. (4M)

b) List and explain the attributes of an applet tag. (6M)
c) Write a Java program to display the month names by JList. (6M)
8. a) What is an Inet address? Write a Java program that demonstrates the concept of
InetAddress. (8M)
b) List and explain any four interfaces available in Java.util package. (8M)
1 of 1
^dͲϯ
Code No: V0524

__________________________________________________________________________
1. a) What is Inheritance? Explain various types of Inheritance and also write its advantages
and disadvantages. (8M)
b) Explain Data Abstraction and data hiding. (4M)
c) What do you mean by messages? (4M)
2. a) Explain the basic data types in Java. (8M)

b) Analyze the output of the following program:
public class xyz. (4M)
{
public static void main (String args[ ])
{
byte a=10, b=5;
short c= a*b;
System.out.println(“The value of C=” + c);
}
}
c) Explain the logical operators in Java. (4M)
3. a) Explain Abstract class with a n example. (8M)

b) Explain the usage of final keyword. (6M)
c) What is the difference between print( ) and println( ) methods. (2M)
4. a) Write a Java program to copy the contents of one file into another file. (10M)
b) Write the differences between an Interface and an Abstract class. (6M)
5. a) Compare and contrast process based multitasking and thread based multi-tasking (6M)
b) Define an excepting called “NotEqualException”, that is thrown when the given string is
not equal to “JNTUK”. Write a program that uses the above user defined exception(10M)
6. a) Write a Java program to illustrate TextEvent. (8M)

b) Write a Java Program to draw a circle inside a rectangle. (8M)
1 of 2
Code No: V0524
^dͲϯ
7. a) What is the default layout of an applet? (2M)

b) Explain the order of method invocation in an applet. (4M)
c) Describe in detail about various components in swing. (10M)
8. a) What are the two important TCP socket classes? Explain them. (6M)
b) Explain the following two classes with an example each. (10M)
(i) Random (ii) Hash table.
2 of 2
Code No: V0524 ^dͲϰ

__________________________________________________________________________
1. a) Explain the following object oriented programming concepts in detail. (10M)

(i) Polymorphism (ii) Inheritance (iii) Encapsulation
b) What are the benefits of object oriented programming. (6M)
2. a) Explain the buzzwords of Java. (10M)

b) Explain the usage of ‘this’ keyword. (6M)
3. a) Explain Dynamic method dispatch mechanism with an example. (8M)

b) What are comments? Describe the various comments used in Java. (4M)
c) Explain about instanceof operator in Java. (4M)
4. a) Explain the various forms of access protection in Java. (4M)

b) Explain the creation and implementation of an interface with an example. (8M)
5. a) Explain the difference between throw and throws keywords with an example. (6M)
b) Explain thread synchronization with an example. (10M)
6. a) What is an event? Explain event delegation model in Java. (6M)

b) Write a Java program to handle mouse events. (10M)
7. a) Explain applet life cycle methods with an example. (6M)

b) Write an Applet program to display the student-Name and Branch using JTable (10M)
8. a) What are the differences between TCP and UDP. (4M)

b) Write short Notes on DNS. (4M)
c) What is an URL? Explain the URL connection with an example. (8M)
1 of 1
Code No: T2122/R07 Set No. 1
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, December 2009
AERODYNAMICS-I
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
?????
1. (a) Make use of neat sketches/diagrams to explain various features of an unsym-

metrical airfoil section used for low speed airplanes. Describe the importance
of L.E. radius of the airfoil. Locate it on the sketch/diagram.
(b) Describe with illustrations two supersonic airfoil sections. What makes such
section not suitable for low speed airplanes? Hence prove the role of thickness
ratio and LE radius. [8+8]
2. What could be the doublet in a uniform flow parallel to the free stream combination
to obtain flow field and pressure variations over a circular cylinder. Present the work
out in full. Demonstrate that this pressure variation is given by Cp = (1 − 4Sin2 θ)
[8+8]
q
3. The complex potential function W = 2π ln(z − z0 ) represents a source located at z0 .
Work out the streamlines and equi- potential lines. Make use of sketches and plots
to show that stream lines and equi-potential lines are orthogonal to each other.
[ 8+8 ]
4. Given is the mean camber line of NACA 23012 airfoil section as below:
z x 3 x 2 x
≤ xc ≤ 0.2025 and zc = 0.02208(1−

c
= 2.6595 ( c
) − 0.6075( c
) + 0.1147( c
) for 0
x x
c
) for 0.2025 ≤ c ≤ 1.0
Calculate
(a) α at zero Cl ,
(b) Cl at α= 5.00 ,
(c) Cm at C/4. [16]
5. Pronounce Biot-Savarts law and explain its application in calculating vortex in-
duced velocities in aerodynamics.Consider
(a) a finite length vortex filament,

(b) an infinite length vortex filament and
(c) a semi-infinite length vortex filament., each having circulation Γ.
Work out general expressions for vortex induced velocities in each of these three
cases. [4+4+4+4]
1 of 2
6. Consider a low aspect ratio planar wing with sweep back and taper. Make use of
Lifting surface theory to develop the following expression (present your work out)
1
RR (x−ξ)γ(ξ,η)+(γ−η)δ(ξ,η) 1
RR (γ−η)δ(ξ,η)
w(x, y) = − 4π [(x−ξ)2 +(y−η)2 ]3/2
dξdη − 4π [(x−ξ)2 +(y−η)2 ]3/2
dξdη,
s w
where the terminology is standard for such work in aerodynamics. [16]
7. (a) A 2-d point source with a strength 50 units is located at T(1.0,1.5). Obtain
the velocity potential Φ(x,z) and velocity components (u,v) at P(3.5,2.5)
(b) What are the preliminary considerations prior to establishing a numerical so-
lution to a non lifting problem using “Source Panel” technique. Hence describe
the types of boundary conditions to be satisfied by such a method. [8+8]
8. (a) A 2-d point vortex of strength 60 units is located at G(2.5,3.45). Develop

an expression for velocity potential and that for velocity components(u,v) at
P(5.5,5.5) . Determine their numerical values as well.
(b) How does a vortex panel method differ from a source panel method and under
what conditions? Hence describe the formulation of a vortex panel method
for a lifting flow over a flat plate in details. [8+8]
?????
2 of 2
AERODYNAMICS-I
?????
1. (a) Make use of neat sketches/diagrams to explain various features of a cambered

airfoil section used for low speed airplanes. Describe the importance of L.E.
radius of the airfoil. Locate it on the sketch/diagram.
(b) Describe the 5digit NACA numbering system for airfoils. Hence explain the
airfoil parameters for NACA 23009. [8+8]
2. (a) Given a flow field V = (a1 x+b1 y +c1 z)i+(a2 x+b2 y +c2 z)j +(a3 x+b3 y +c3 z)k,
where a1 , b1 - - - - - etc. are constants. Determine the conditions under which
this flow field represents an incompressible flow which conserves mass.
(b) Show that the constant potential lines due to a uniform source are concentric
circles with the source as the centre. [8+8]
3. Make use of the Complex Potential Function theory to obtain flow around a station-
ary circular cylinder. Work out its dimensions and streamlines along with pressure
distribution over this object. Present your work out. [ 8+8]
4. (a) What are the basic assumptions of ‘Thin Airfoil Theory developed
dy by Max

Munk? Develop the general solution of the theory given by U dx − α =
1
R c kdx
2π 0 x−x1
for an arbitrary thin airfoil.
(b) What are the limitations of thin airfoil theory as developed above. [12+4]
5. The distribution
q of circulation over a wing planform with span ‘b’ is given below
! 2y 2
Γ(y) = Γ0 1 − b Determine
(a) the type of wing lift distribution

(b) the downwash and its distribution along the planform
(c) αi
(d) CDi [2+6+4+4]
6. Consider a planar wing of aspect ratio 5, taper ratio unity, and swept aft by 450
in the plane of symmetry. Develop the Vortex Lattic Method to calculate lift
coefficient for this wing. Take the uniform chord of the wing as c = 1.0 unit.Show
as much of the work out. (Divide the wing in 2 panels) [16]
the velocity potential Φ (x,z) and velocity components (u,v) at P(3.5,2.5)
1 of 2
8. (a) Explain difference between

i. a point vortex,
ii. a constant strength vortex panel and
iii. a linearly varying strength vortex panel. Make a comparison of the three
in your judgment, and bring out your conclusions.
(b) A planar horse shoe vortex is placed symmetrically along OX on the x-axis
with its BV aligned with the y axis. Determine a general expression for the
down wash in the plane of symmetry. [8+8]
?????
2 of 2
AERODYNAMICS-I
?????
1. (a) Consider flow over a symmetrical airfoil at α 6= 0o in a real fluid. What are
the forces and moments developed on the airfoil in this configuration? Make
use of aerodynamics and sketches to explain the answer.
(b) Show from dimensional analysis that the Lift force L = f [α ,Cl ,Re,M ] on an
airfoil is proportional to the square of the free stream velocity. What are your
comments on this result? [8+8]
2. (a) Define a rotational and irrotational flow fields Hence obtain the vorticity equa-
4
tion for the flow field described by V = 2X 2 Y i + X2 J .
(b) What is the nature of constant potential lines formed by a uniform source?
[8+8]
3. Make use of the Complex Potential Function theory to obtain flow around a rotating
circular cylinder. Work out its dimensions and streamlines over this object. Show
Γ
that the pressure distribution over this object is given by Cp = [1−(2Sinθ + 2πU a
)2 ]
. Does it get lifted up? Present your work out. [8+8]
4. Make use of the thin airfoil theory to work out an expression for Cl and Cm for a
flat plate of chord 450 mm. Obtain the results at α =1.00 . Where does the centre
of pressure lie in this case? What is CmLE in this case? [ 16]
5. Work out from the basics of aerodynamics that the strength of a vortex Γ is constant
along its length and that it equals the dot product of “vorticity ξ and the area S”
. Explain its physics with two clear examples . [8+8]
6. (a) Describe in brief the ‘Lifting Surface Theory’ for predicting lift on a wing with
a given arbitrary shaped planform .Make use of sketches and other represen-
tations in this regard.
(b) Compare the formulation in (a) above with that in the classical lifting line
theory with details. [8+8]
7. A constant source distribution of strength σ (x) = σ = 51 is placed along x-axis
(x1 = 1.0 to x2 =3.5 ). Obtain the velocity potential Φ(x,z) and velocity components
(u,v) at P(4.5,7.5). Represent the source panel and the point P on a diagram.
Explain the situation like this occurring for a non lifting problem of your choice.
[16]
8. A constant strength vortex panel of strength 60 units is located on the X-axis
from x1 =2,5 to x2 =4.65. Determine the influence of this vortex panel at a point
P(5.5,5.5) to evaluate V(u,w). Develop the expressions used for determining
1 of 2
(a) the velocity potential and
(b) the velocity components. [4+12]
?????
2 of 2
AERODYNAMICS-I
?????
1. (a) Define the term Normal pressure drag on an airplane wing. Hence describe in
details the following:
i. Form drag,
ii. Induced drag and
iii. wave drag with an example each.
(b) Compare the skin friction drag and the normal friction drag on a flat plat
i. aligned with the free stream and
ii. normal to the free stream. Can you give examples in these cases.? [8+8]
2. What could be the combination of source and uniform stream to generate flow
around a profile called Half Body. Present the work out with sketches / plots /
diagrams. [16]
3. (a) What are the Cauchy-Reimann relations with reference to complex variable?.
Hence describe Complex Potential Function for studying potential flows.
q
(b) Show that the Complex Potential Function W = 2π ln(z − z0 ), represents
source located at z0 . ( With reference to the terminology in CPFs) [8+8]
4. (a) What are the basic assumptions of ‘Thin Airfoil Theory developed
dy by Max

Munk? Develop the general solution of the theory given by U dx − α =
1
R c kdx
2π 0 x−x1
for an arbitrary thin airfoil.
(b) What are the limitations of thin airfoil theory as developed above. [12+4]
5. Examine the fundamental equation of Prandtl’s Lifting-Line theory given below

b/2
;α(y0 ) = πVΓ(y 0) 1
R (dΓ/dy)dy
∞ c(y0 )
+ αL=0 (y 0 ) + 4πV∞ y0 −y
−b/2
(a) Explain each term in the above equation.

(b) Describe in details three basic aerodynamic characteristics of FINITE WINGS
from the solution Γ = Γ (y0 ) .(you need not solve the above eq.) [4+4+4+4]
6. (a) Lifting surface theory predicts better lift distribution on a wing with an arbi-
trary planform. Can you demonstrate the verification of the statement.
(b) Compare the formulation in (a) above with that in the classical lifting line
theory with details. [8+8]
1 of 2
the velocity potential Φ (x,z) and velocity components (u,v) at P(3.5,2.5)
8. (a) Explain difference between

i. a point vortex,
ii. a constant strength vortex panel and
iii. a linearly varying strength vortex panel. Make a comparison of the three
in your judgment, and bring out your conclusions.
(b) A planar horse shoe vortex is placed symmetrically along OX on the x-axis
with its BV aligned with the y axis. Determine a general expression for the
down wash in the plane of symmetry. [8+8]
?????
2 of 2
INDUSTRIAL INSTRUMENTATION
(Instrumentation & Control Engineering)
?????
1. Describe in detail about absolute and relative length measurement situations with
examples. [16]
2. What are different types of electrical tachometers? Explain in detail. [16]
3. What are load cells? Describe a magneto elastic load cell and strain gauge load
cell. How do they differ in operations aspects? [16]
4. What is vacuum gauge? What are the different types of vacuum gauges? Explain.
[16]
5. Name two types of Mass flow meters and explain in detail with diagrams. [16]
6. Write a short notes on air pressure balance method used for measurement of density.
[16]
7. Explain thermal radiation and blackbody radiation. [16]
8. Explain measurement of liquid level using CAPACITIVE METHODS and using

GAMMA RAYS. [16]
?????
1 of 1
?????
1. (a) What is planimeter? Explain the planimeter technique with suitable sketch?
(b) Describe one method of measuring angle? Explain in detail with neat sketch?
[8+8]
4. What are the basic methods of pressure measurement system? Explain. [16]
5. A Rota meter calibrated for metering liquid of density 1000kg/m3 and has a scale
ranging from 1 to 100 liter per minute; it is intended to use this meter for measuring
the flow gas of density 1.25kg/m3 with flow range between 20 to 2000 liter per
minute. Determine the volume density of the new float, if the original one has a
volume density of 2000 kg/m3 .The shape and volume of both floats is assumed to
be the same.
6. Write short notes on strain gauge load cell method. [16]
7. What is the use of radiation detectors and how many categories are they classified
and explain any one of them. [16]
8. Explain the measurement of humidity using following methods.
(a) Absorption
(b) Electrolytic
(c) Vapour equilibrium. [16]
?????
1 of 1
?????
1. What is interferometric comparator? Explain how interferometric comparator used

for comparing the length of two gauge blocks? [16]
4. (a) Explain how manometers are used to measure pressure.

(b) Explain inductive pickup of electrical pressure transducer. [8+8]
5. Explain the principle used in electromagnetic type flow meters with a circuit and
Write its advantages and limitations. [16]
6. With a simple diagram explain Angular momentum mass flow metre. [16]
7. Explain how an infrared radiation detector is scanned across an object. [16]
8. Explain the Mechanical Resonance Type Frequency Meter with diagram. [16]
?????
1 of 1
?????
1. What are the methods of measuring small bore diameter? Explain with neat
sketches? [16]
3. (a) How stroboscope is used to measure torque of rotating shaft?

(b) What are load cells? Explain different types of load cells. [8+8]
4. What is vacuum gauge? What are the different types of vacuum gauges? Explain.
[16]
5. Explain the principle used in electromagnetic type flow meters with a circuit and
Write its advantages and limitations. [16]
6. Write a short notes on air pressure balance method used for measurement of density.
[16]
7. Photon detectors can be usually of what type and explain any one of them. [16]
8. Which instruments are used for determining phase sequence of three phase supplies,
classify them and explain. [16]
?????
1 of 1
Code No: T2322 ^dͲϭ
INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS

(Biotechnology)
__________________________________________________________________________
1. a) Explain the terms sensitivity and detection limit for instruments. (8M)
b) A least-squares analysis of calibration data for the determination of lead based

upon its flame emission spectrum yielded the equation.
(8M)
I=0.0312+1.12Cpb.
Where Cpb is the lead concentration in the (ppm) and I is measure of the relative
intensity of the lead emission.
Conc of Pb, ppm No. of Replications Mean value of I S

10.0 10 11.62 0.15
1.00 10 1.14 0.025
0.000 24 0.0296 0.0082
Calculate:
i) The calibration sensitivity
ii)The analytical sensitivity at (1cmd/10ppm).
iii) The detection limit.
2. Explain briefly the operation of scanning electron microscope and what its
applications in Bioprocess industries are.
(16M)
3. a) Explain the general principles of ultra centrifugation and write its industrial
applications. (10M)
b) Compare and contrast between gravitational force and centrifugal force (6M)
4. Explain the following

a) Beer’s law and Lambert’s law (5M)
b) Atomic absorption spectroscopy (5M)
c) Spectrofluorimetry (6M)
5. a)Explain the various types of stretching and bending vibrations in IR spectrum

(8M)
b) Explain the principles of the double beam mass spectrometer. (8M)
ϭŽĨϮ
Code No: T2322 ^dͲϭ

6. a) What is thermocouple and explain briefly various types of thermocouples (8M)
b) Define the terms accuracy, repeatability, span and sensitivity (8M)
7. a) Write the principle of gas chromatography and give its uses. (8M)
b) Explain the principle of affinity chromatography (8M)
8. a) Give the principle underlaying in proton NMR spectrometry (8M)

b) Explain with suitable examples the term Spin-Spin coupling. (8M)
ϮŽĨϮ

Code No: T2322 ^dͲϮ

(Biotechnology)
1. a) Write an account on analytical methods based on the physical property

measurement (8M)
b) What you understand the term Detection limit. Explain with suitable example
(8M)
2. a) What are the major differences between scanning electron microscope and
transmission electron microscope (8M)
b) Compare and contrast between bright field and dark field (8M)
3. Explain briefly velocity sedimentation and its measurements along with its
applications in bioprocess industries. (16M)
4. a) Show relation between wavelength and particle properties of electromagnetic

radiation (8M)
b) Describe the components of a spectrophotometer and discuss the use of each
component (8M)
5. a) Write the principle of I.R and also explain the basic content of an IR spectrum
b) What is the principle of ESR? Discuss some important applications of ESR. (8+8)
6. a)Name different types of temperature sensors and mention their range of application
(8M)
b) Explain briefly different types of dissolved oxygen sensors (8M)
7. a) Write short notes on various types of detectors used in gas chromatography. (8M)
b) The following data are obtained in a quantative determination of sample. Calculate
the percentage of A present in the sample
Weight of pure component A injected into a column = 0.0121 g and the area of
relevant peak = 2.42 inch2.
Weight of sample injected into column = 0.115g and the area of peak of component A
in the sample is 4.6 inch2 (8M)
8. a) Write the principle and instrumentation of NMR (8M)

b) Write short notes on the application of NMR in the fields of biology and macro
molecules. (8M)
1 of 1
Code No: T2322 ^dͲϯ

(Biotechnology)
1. a) Describe the uncertainties in instrumental measurements. (10M)

b) A methods for the analysis of potassium in blood serum yielded the accompanying
data
Trial Number :1 2 3 4
Concentration (mg K+/ 100 ml) : 15.3 15.6 15.4 15.3
Calculate the 90% confidence interval for the set, assuming that these are the only
data available (6M)
2. Explain the following

a) Phase contrast
b) Confocal microscopy
c) Dark field
d) Flow cytometry (4x4)
3. a) Explain the basic principle involved in density gradient centrifugation and its uses.
(10M)
b) Write short notes on sedimentation (6M)
4. a)What is meant by electromagnetic radiation ? Describe various regions of
electromagnetic radiation in terms of wave length or energy (10M)
b) What are the requirements for a solvent to be used in UV spectroscopy and why is
ethanol considered as good solvent in UV? (6M)
5. a) Write the applications of quantitative infrared spectroscopy. (8M)

b) What are the two requirements of an inlet system in mass spectrometer (8M)
6. a) Explain briefly the filled in thermal systems for the measurement of temperature in
online
b) What is pH and explain briefly how to measure the pH in online (8+8)
7. a) Explain the instrumentation of HPLC with a neat labeled diagram (8M)

b) Explain briefly reverse osmosis with their applications (8M)
8. a) Why does a signal for a particular set of protons is split into a multiplet (8M)
b) Why it is not possible to determine relative ratio of carbon atoms in a compound
by integration of peak areas in13C NMR as in PMR (8M)
ϭŽĨϭ
Code No: T2322 ^dͲϰ

(Biotechnology)
1. a) Explain briefly different types of analytical methods (10M)

b) Explain the terms confidence level, standard deviation and sensitivity (6M)
2. Explain briefly the operation of scanning electron microscope and what its applications in
Bioprocess industries. (16M)
3. Calculate the molecular mass of the protein where the sedimentation coefficient of the
protein is 7.75*10-13 S in the subsequent analysis the protein was found to have an
average diffusion coefficient of 3.4*10-11 m2S-1an d the partial specific volume of
0.79*10-3m3kg-1 .
a) Convert the molecular mass to relative molecular mass.
b) Express the molecular mass in Daltons. (16M)
4. a) What is Beer’s law and why they are the deviations from the Beers law (8M)
b) Explain briefly the working procedure of single beam UV-VIS spectrophotometer
(8M)
5. a) Describe the two main uses of IR Spectroscopy (6M)
b) Write the principle of mass spectrophotometer with the neat diagram (10M)
6. a) Explain briefly the necessity of controlling agitation in bio-processing applications

(8M)
b) Explain the most common methods of measuring pH and write the relation between
composition and pH (8M)
7. a) Write short notes on the Gel filtration chromatography. (8M)

b) Explain briefly the working procedure of HPLC and mention briefly the importance of
carrier liquid (8M)
8. Explain with suitable examples of the following terms

a) Chemical Shift (6M)
b) Spin-Spin splitting (5M)
c) Spin-Spin couplings (5M)
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Building Planing and Drawing

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Building Planing and Drawing

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Code No: T0121 SET - 1

II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Supply Examinations, Dec- 2009