SEAMEO

REGIONAL CENTRE FOR EDUCATION IN SCIENCE & MATHEMATICS

PS-7112 : LESSON STUDY

ENHANCING INSTRUCTIONAL PRACTICES
IN PRIMARY SCIENCE CLASSROOM

PROJECT TITLE
 GROUP MEMBERS PROFILE

NAME : SITI AMINAH BT HAJI AHMAD

COUNTRY : MALAYSIA

JOB DISCRIPTION : PRIMAY SCIENCE TEACHER

ADDRESS : SEKOLAH KEBANGSAAN BATU BELAH,

JALAN SUNGAI PUTUS, 41200 KLANG,

MALAYSIA

E-MAIL : sitiaminah08@gmail.com

NAME : MERCHANT PYRET

COUNTRY : CAMBODIA

JOB DISCRIPTION : SECONDARY BIOLOGY TEACHER

ADDRESS : 49, ST. 109, VEAL V0NG, KHAN

7MAKARA PNOM PENH

E-MAIL : merchanphyret@gmail.com

NAME : JOSE RIBERIRO DA COSTA

COUNTRY : TIMOR LESTE

JOB DISCRIPTION : TEACHER

ADDRESS : EPP NO. 1 UATO-HACO

/VERILALE
BRIEF INTRODUCTION

CIRCLE OF LIFE
Reproduction is the biological process by which existing organisms create new individual
organisms. Every existing plant, animal or other living organism is the result of biological
reproduction, and all living things reproduce in some way. The many known methods of
reproduction are generally placed into one of two classifications, sexual and asexual
reproduction.

To balance the nature, all living things need to reproduce. Besides that, humans need
animals as their sources of food. Without food humans cannot live. So it is very important to all
humans to control our activities. Excessive development can destroy our environment. The
forest is the habitat of many animals. Without forest, animals cannot live, and without animals,
we are losing our source of food. So that, we need to learn about sustainable development in
order to make our mother earth a better place to live.

For this project, our lesson plan is about animals’ reproduction method. Animals
reproduce by two ways, giving birth and lay eggs. Most all mammals give birth. Other animals
such as reptiles, fish, bird and amphibians lay eggs.

MAMMALS

Most baby mammals grow inside their mother until they are born.
Another important characteristic is that mammal babies drink milk from
their mothers until they are old enough to eat other food.

.
REPTILES

Reptiles usually lay eggs, and the babies then grow inside the egg until they
are ready to come out.

AMFIBIANS

Amphibians lay thousands and sometimes

millions of small, soft eggs, and they lay
them in the water! The eggs are jelly-like.

Amphibian means "double life"... the early

part of an amphibian's life is spent in the water, and usually as they get older then they also
spend time on land. Their young is called tadpole. The process amphibians go through is called
"metamorphosis". Baby amphibian looks completely different than the adult amphibians!

FISH

Fish also lay many eggs - sometimes millions of tiny eggs. They are
also laid in the water.

BIRD

Birds also lay eggs, with a very hard outer shell. Birds generally lay one
to seventeen eggs at a time.
 A Generalised Format of (Science) Lesson Plan
(Lee Shok Mee April 2010)
School BATU LANCHANG NATIONAL SCHOOL Date 23 APRIL 2010
Class YEAR 4 Class size 10 PUPILS
Time period 9.00 – 10.00 AM Duration of lesson 1 HOUR
Subject SCIENCE Learning area LIVING THINGS UNDERGO LIFE PROCESSES
Topic CIRCLE OF LIFE
Key concept (focus) Animals reproduce by two ways ( lay eggs and give birth)
Rationale Pupils will be able to classify animals by the way the animals reproduce
Learning objective Analysing the life processes in animals
Learning outcomes (1) State that animals reproduce
(2) state that some animals give birth and some lay eggs
(3) classify animals according to the way they reproduce
(4) shows interest towards learning Science
Students’ background knowledge Pupils know that all living things reproduce
Pupils know that some animals produce sound
Pupils know the name of different types of animals
Scientific and thinking skills Observing, Classifying, Identifying, Making Inference
Scientific attitudes and noble values Love nature and animals
Protect the environment.
Be thankful to God
Having an interest and curiosity towards nature
Teaching and learning resources (1) Reference Our supervisor ( Mr. Lee Shok Mee)
Science Year 4 Malaysia Curriculum Specification
Library
Internet
Other teachers (friends)
(2) Equipment/apparatus
(3) Materials Animal picture cards, worksheet, blue tack, paper cup, string,
toothpick, water, manila card, plastic bottle, canned drink can, glue,
sticky tape, paper cup, news paper, paper plate, scissors,
Teaching approach (intended) Constructivism
 Lesson development Content/concept Teaching and Learning process Remark/note
Teacher activity Student activity
Stage 1
INTRODUCTION Some animals make sound  Teacher makes a show.  Pupils guess what sound is All free
(Engagement) before or after lay eggs  Teacher makes a chicken that. response from
clucking sound.  Pupils state when does a the pupils
(Time: 5 min.) Science Process Skills  Teacher asks questions chicken clucks. Paper cup,
i. Observation String,
Sound that animal make Water,
Toothpick

Stage 2
STUDENT-CENTRED Animals can be class into  Teacher distribute picture cards  Pupils classify the animals Class is divided
PROCESS 1 two group based on the to each group based on the method of into 3 groups.
(Exploration) way they reproduce  Teacher asks pupils to classify reproduction
i. Give birth the animal.  Pupils cut the pictures and Animals picture
(Time: 15 min.) ii. Lay eggs  Based on their answer, teacher paste them on the manila card cards
asks the method of animals’  One of the group member Blue tack
Animals reproduce to make Science Process Skills reproduction and why animals pastes the manila card on the Glue
sure their continuous of i. Classifying need to reproduce. white board.
their generation. ii. Making Inference  Class discussion  Pupils state the method of Worksheet 1
 Teacher distributes a blank mind animals reproduction (graphic
map.  Class discussion organizer)
 Teacher asks the pupils to fill in  Pupils write their answer
the mind map.  (after discussion) in the HoT
graphic organizer.
Formative
evaluation

Stage 3
STUDENT-CENTRED Making animals using used  Teacher shows one sample  Pupils discuss in their group Plastic bottle
PROCESS 2 materials animal make from used and create one animal using News paper
(Explanation)
(Time: 25 min.) The values of animals and
other living things to
Some animals lay eggs and human being.
some animals give birth
Science Process Skills
i. Prediction
materials materials that have been paper plate
 Teacher distributes materials to provided to them. Glue
each group.  Pupils show and state the Straw
 Teacher asks questions. animals that they have Paper cup
i. What can we obtain created and the method of Scissors
from those animals? reproduction of that animals Canned drink
ii. What will happen  Pupils answer the questions can
when the animals asked by the teacher. Sticky tape
extinct because of
human activities? Creativity
 Based on pupils answer, teacher HoT
emphasizes the values of
animals to human being and the
environment.

Stage 4
STUDENT-CENTRED Short quiz  Teacher distributes a worksheet.  Pupils write their answers in Worksheet 2
PROCESS 3  Teacher asks pupils to look at the worksheet given to them.
(Elaboration/application) Other examples of animals the picture that the teacher will  Pupils need to name the Formative
that lay eggs and give birth show. animals and also their method evaluation
(Time: 10 min.)  Teacher asks pupils to write of reproduction.
their answers in the worksheet  Pupils state why the animals
Enhancing: given to them. need to reproduce.
Understanding the method
of animals reproduce.
Stage 5
ASSESSMENT Emphasizing on the life  Teacher asks pupil what they  Pupils state what they have Worksheet 3
(Evaluation) process that animals have learned. learnt. (Exercise)
undergo (method of  Teacher distributes a  Pupils answer all the
(Time: 5 min.) animals reproduction) worksheet questions in the worksheet

Reflection : Worksheet 4 (Evaluation Form)

LESSON REFLECTION

Lesson conducted was at Sekolah Kebangsaan Batu Lanchang. The lesson was prepared for a group of
Year Four pupils of mixes ability. The class size of 45 pupils was divided in to four groups, where
each group made up of 11 to 12 pupils. Each group did a different activity. In each group, the pupils
were then divided again into three small groups. Our group project was on the topic of animals
reproduction. In this lesson, we included Science Process Skills such as Classifying, Predicting and
Observation and also about sustainable development. The lesson conducted was based on 5-E model.
5-E represents Engagement, Exploration, explanation, Elaboration and Evaluation.

ENGAGEMENT

The demonstration of animals sound managed to arouse pupils’ curiosity. They were surprised that
paper cup, string, toothpick and some water can be used to produce a sound on an animal. They used
their prior knowledge to answer all the questions asked by the teacher.

EXPLORATION

The pupils work in threes or fours in one group. Instructions were given on how the task should be
done. Teacher used simple language when given the instruction so that all pupils are able to
understand. They were informed about their objectives and the aim of the lesson. During the activity,
the pupils were very focused on their task. They showed enthusiasm towards the learning of science.
They were able to and finish the task on time and perform the task without much help. They
collaborated and helped each other to finish the task. They were engaged throughout the activity. They
pupils showed their creativity skills in decorating their project. Pupils were also able to write their
understanding in the form of graphic organizer.

EXPLANATION

Pupils were able to create one animal using used material. They were able to state the method of
reproduction of that animal. During the activity, they were very interested and motivated. They shared
and discussed their ideas with their friends. All of them were able to finish their task on time. They
gave each of them a role. One on the groups came out with a model of a crab. It was very creative.
They also talked about the day’s weather. Through the discussion about their creation, they were able
to engage their knowledge about extinction of animals and plants species due to human’s activities.
They also gave a few suggestions to overcome that problem. This shows that they have higher order
thinking but only they need some guidance from the teacher to elaborate on their thinking skills.

ELABORATION/APPLICATION

Pupils were excited during this activity. The objectives of the lesson were achieved. They were able
to classify the animals based on the animals’ reproduction method without any help. Most of them
were able to state the reason animals reproduce. However, there were two pupils who were not able to
participate during the discussion due to their lack of proficiency in English. They just waited for the
answers.

EVALUATION

All pupils were given written a set of questions. Only two pupils made one mistake. The rest answered
correctly. To challenge the pupils further, other types of questions such as open ended questions,
thinking skill questions or questions that related with Science process Skills could be given. For the
lower ability pupils, they could be given more time to complete their worksheet.

CONCLUSION

The activity was able to engage pupils. Using the pupils’ prior knowledge, the pupils were able to
relate to the task given. They felt excited doing the activity and enjoyed the lesson very much. During
the activity, they provided correct responses and competed with each other . They motivated each other
to do their best. They showed enthusiasm towards the learning of Science. The objectives of the lesson
were met. Only the types of questions for evaluation need to be changed. They need a challenge so
that they can think out of ordinary such as a higher order thinking skills questions. Teacher need to
guide them in their critical and logical thinking
OTHER OBSERVATION

STRENGTH

 The pupils are able to listen and follow instruction and perform the activities excellently.

 Most of the pupils are active and can speak English well

 The activity on classifying animals based on their reproduction method by using the use of cut
out stimulated the pupils to be very active.

 The use of graphic organizer reinforced the pupils understanding on the lesson.

WEAKNESSES

 The classroom is too small for almost 60 people in one class.

 Sometimes teacher cannot hear the respond of the pupils because it is too noisy.

SUGGESTIONS/IMPROVEMENTS

 The class is too small and too crowded. School must prepare a room which is conducive to
learning.

 Prior to the conduct of try-out, the classrooms’ teacher should make the necessary preparations
such as arrangement of the furniture.

 There should be at least two separate group of place/class of pupils to maximize learning and
active participation of the pupils. One class is too noisy because there are four different group
teaching at the same time.
EVALUATION BY THE PUPILS

NO CRITERIA ITEM YES (%) NO(%)

1 OVERALL 1. Pupils are able to follow directions and stay on 100

task.
2. Pupils show enthusiasm towards the activities. 100

3. Pupils are able to complete their work on time. 100

2 CONTENT 1. Pupils are able to state how animals reproduce. 100

2. Pupils are able to name animals that reproduce 100

by giving birth or laying eggs.
3. Pupils are able to create animals’ using used 100
materials.
4. Pupils are able to state why animals need to 100
reproduce.
3 SCIENCE 1. Pupils are able to classify animals based on 91 9
PROCESSES their method of reproduction
2. Pupils are able to make prediction based on 100
their prior knowledge
3. Pupils are able to communicate among 100
themselves and teacher to voice up their ideas
and thoughts.

REFLECTION:

1. I learnt that they are two ways of animal reproduction method.

2. I learnt that animals can be classified based on their reproduction method.

3. I are able to give examples animals that lay eggs and give birth

4. My group is able to create animal using used materials.

5. I learnt reason animals need to reproduce.

6. I learnt the important of animals to humans being.

School Name : SEKOLAH KEBANGSAAN BATU LANCHANG

Group Name : I

Date : 23 APRIL 2010

INSTRUCTION: Please respond to all statements. Put either “0”, or “√ “

NO CRITERIA ITEM √ 0 COMMENT

1 OVERALL 4. Pupils are able to follow 

directions and stay on task.
5. Pupils show enthusiasm 
towards the activities.

6. Pupils are able to complete 0 Two pupils are not able to complete
their work on time. their work on time.

2 CONTENT 5. Pupils are able to state how 

animals reproduce.
6. Pupils are able to name animals
that reproduce by giving birth 
or laying eggs.
7. Pupils are able to create 
animals’ using used materials.
8. Pupils are able to state why 0 One pupil still not able to give reason.
animals need to reproduce.
3 SCIENCE 4. Pupils are able to classify 
PROCESSES animals based on their method
of reproduction
5. Pupils are able to make 
prediction based on their prior
knowledge
6. Pupils are able to communicate 0 One pupil is not communicating with
among themselves and teacher hers group members and did her work
to voice up their ideas and by herself.
thoughts.

Observed by : MERCHANT PYRET

School Name : SEKOLAH KEBANGSAAN BATU LANCHANG

Group Name : II

Date : 23 APRIL 2010

INSTRUCTION: Please respond to all statements. Put either “0”, or “√ “

NO CRITERIA ITEM √ 0 COMMENT

1 OVERALL 7. Pupils are able to follow √

directions and stay on task.
8. Pupils show enthusiasm √
towards the activities.

9. Pupils are able to complete 0 The pupils took a longer time to finish.
their work on time. Their work not met teacher
expectation.
2 CONTENT 9. Pupils are able to state how √
animals reproduce.
10. Pupils are able to name animals √
that reproduce by giving birth
or laying eggs.
11. Pupils are able to create √
animals’ using used materials.
12. Pupils are able to state why √
animals need to reproduce.
3 SCIENCE 7. Pupils are able to classify √
PROCESSES animals based on their method
of reproduction
8. Pupils are able to make √
prediction based on their prior
knowledge
9. Pupils are able to communicate √
among themselves and teacher
to voice up their ideas and
thoughts.

Observed by : JOSE RIBERIRO DA COSTA

School Name : SEKOLAH KEBANGSAAN BATU LANCHANG

Group Name : III

Date : 23 APRIL 2010

INSTRUCTION: Please respond to all statements. Put either “0”, or “√ “

NO CRITERIA ITEM √ 0 COMMENT

1 OVERALL 10. Pupils are able to follow √

directions and stay on task.
11. Pupils show enthusiasm √
towards the activities.

12. Pupils are able to complete √

their work on time.

2 CONTENT 13. Pupils are able to state how √

animals reproduce.
14. Pupils are able to name animals √
that reproduce by giving birth
or laying eggs.
15. Pupils are able to create √
animals’ using used materials.
16. Pupils are able to state why 0 The explanations were not relevant.
animals need to reproduce.
3 SCIENCE 10. Pupils are able to classify √
PROCESSES animals based on their method
of reproduction
11. Pupils are able to make √
prediction based on their prior
knowledge
12. Pupils are able to communicate 0 They were not cooperated among
among themselves and teacher themselves. Only two boys were
to voice up their ideas and sharing their ideas.
thoughts.

Observed by : Siti Aminah Bt Ahmad

Cut the pictures below, paste them onto a manila card based on their method of reproduction.

bat whale shark

goldfish rat lion

Cut the pictures below, paste them onto a manila card based on their method of reproduction.

snake lizard cat

duck frog salamander

 Circle Of Life
WORKSHEET 1

NAME : ……………………………………… DATE : ………………

CLASS: ………………………………………

Fill in the box with the correct answer based on your activity earlier.
Circle Of Life
SHORT QUIZ
CIRCLE OF LIFE
SHORT QUIZ
 Circle Of Life
WORKSHEET 2

NAME : …………………………………………… DATE : ……………………

CLASS: ……………………

Look at the pictures shown by the teacher.

Write your answers in the spaces provided.

Method of Animals’
Reproduction

Give birth Lay Eggs

Reason
 Circle Of Life
WORKSHEET 3
NAME : ………………………………………… DATE : ……………………
CLASS: …………………………………………
Look at the pictures below.
Tick (√) the correct answer.

No. Animals Lay eggs Give Birth

8
 Circle Of Life
PUPILS’ EVALUATION FORM

NAME : …………………………………………………… DATE : ……………

CLASS: …………………………………

Please respond to all the statements below.

Tick (√) either “Yes” or “No”

No. QUESTIONS YES NO

1 I have understood the objectives of today’s lesson

2 I find the lesson interesting

3 I like the lesson

4 The instructions given were clear

5 I have enjoyed the activities

6 All the activities help me learn more about Science

7 I could complete all tasks on time

8 I discussed my ideas during the activity with my partner

9 I like to learn Science more with my friends

10 I think what I have learn today can help me in the future

School Name : SEKOLAH KEBANGSAAN BATU LANCHANG

Group Name :

Date : 23 APRIL 2010

INSTRUCTION: Please respond to all statements. Put either “0”, or “√ “

NO CRITERIA ITEM COMMENT

1 OVERALL 13. Pupils are able to follow

directions and stay on task.
14. Pupils show enthusiasm
towards the activities.

15. Pupils are able to complete

their work on time.

2 CONTENT 17. Pupils are able to state how

animals reproduce.
18. Pupils are able to name animals
that reproduce by giving birth
or laying eggs.
19. Pupils are able to create
animals’ using used materials.
20. Pupils are able to state why
animals need to reproduce.
3 SCIENCE 13. Pupils are able to classify
PROCESSES animals based on their method
of reproduction
14. Pupils are able to make
prediction based on their prior
knowledge
15. Pupils are able to communicate
among themselves and teacher
to voice up their ideas and
thoughts.
Classification Of Animals
- REPRODUCTION METHOD

GROUP 1 GROUP 3

Making Animal Using Used Materials

 MEMORIES OF OUR SCHOOL TRY-OUT

Engagement

Making animals’ sound using paper cup, string, toothpick and water

Exploration

Animals’ classification.
Paper cut outs activity
Explanation

Crab with a hat

Creative thinking skills

Making animal using used materials

Elaboration/Application

Short quiz

Enhancing pupils understanding about the lesson.

Evaluation