WELDING TECHNOLOGY

Welding Product Technology Theory 1

1. Non-planar defects associated with a weld:

a. are not significant.

b. must be removed.
c. are only usually as significant as planar defects.
d. only exist sub-surface.

2. Lamellar tearing:

a. only occurs in the rolled direction of a parent material.

b. is a H. A. Z. type of crack.
c. is another term for a lamination.
d. all of the above.

3. Cold lapping is another term for:

a. lack of fusion at the toe of a weld.

b. low amperage.
c. undercut.
d. hydrogen cracking.

4. Which of the following sentences applies to the use of basic M. M. A. electrodes?

a. They are used to deposit weld metal in the vertical position only.
b. They are used where deep penetration is a primary requirement.
c. They are usually used to deposit weld metal of a low hydrogen content.
d. Basic electrodes are chosen when ease of use is of importance.

5. What do you understand by the term weld zone?

a. The area in the immediate viscinity of the weld.

b. The weld metal plus H. A. Z.
c. The weld metal only.
d. The weld plus preheat zone.

6. The width of a fusion face in a fillet weld is known as the:

a. Throat.
b. Toe.
c. Face.
 d. Leg.

7. What three criteria are necessary to produce H. I. C. C.?

a. Hydrogen, moisture and heat.

b. Hydrogen, poor weld profile and rapid cooling.
c. Grain structure susceptible to cracking, stress and hydrogen.
d. Weld defects, stress and hydrogen.

8. Which of the following welding processes may be described as a low

hydrogen process in comparison with M. M. A. welding?

a. T. I. G.
b. M. I. G.
c. M. A. G.
d. All o the above.

9. Which of the following standards is the entitled Welding Terms and Symbols?

a. BS 499.
b. BS 639.
c. BS 2633.
d. BS 3683.

10. What is the maximum length of lack of root fusion allowed on a butt weld on a pipe?

a. None.
b. 10 mm per 100 mm of weld length.
c. 25 mm per 300 mm of weld length.
d. Depends on acceptable levels applicable to the work being carried out.

11. Which of the following defects could not be present in a weld made by the M. I. G. /
M. A. G. process?

a. Porosity.
b. Lack of side wall fusion.
c. Slag inclusion / lines.
d. Undercut.

12. Which of the following would show as light indications on a radiograph?

a. Slag inclusions and copper inclusions.

 b. Tungsten inclusions and excessive penetration.
c. Cap undercut and root piping.
d. Excessive cap height and incomplete penetration.

13. Which of the following welding processes does not use a consumable electrode?

a. S. A. W.
b. M. M. A.
c. T. I. G.
d. E. S. W.

14. The hardest grain structure capable of being produced when welding C/Mn steel is,

a. Bainite.
b. Austenite.
c. Pearlite.
d. Martensite.

15. The presence f too much hydrogen when welding C/Mn steels would be to cause the
formation of,

a. Porosity.
b. Lack of fusion.
c. Cracks.
d. Undercut.

16. What term applies if a carbon steel weldment is heated up to a temperature which
creates austenitic grain growth and then is allowed to cool in air?

a. Normalising.
b. Annealing.
c. Quenching.
d. Tempering.

17. Why s stress relief sometimes carried out on weldments?

a. To dissolve entrapped hydrogen.

b. To remove residual stresses.
c. To fuse planar defects.
d. All of the above.

18. When welding a double vee butt with the SAW process the presence of center line
porosity may be due to:
 a. Damp flux.
b. Incomplete penetration.
c. Contamination weld preparations.
d. Atmospheric contamination.

19. The main reason for using a back purge when welding 18/8 stainless steel with the T.
I. G. process is to:

a. Control the root penetration.

b. Prevent root bead porosity.
c. Improve positional welding by making the root bead freeze faster.
d. Prevent the formation of a dense oxide on the root.

20. Which of the following welding processes would produce the highest H2 content?

a. M. A. G. welding with CO2 gas shield.

b. M. M. A. welding with cellulosic electrodes.
c. T. I. G. welding with double deoxidized filler wire.
d. S. A. W. with high basicity flux.