CELLULAR TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

FOR
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

Contents

™Telecommunication player in Malaysia

™Evolution of Cellular Technology
™An overview of GSM / GPRS technology
™An overview of mobile data/content
services
™An overview of 3G technology
™Celcom Network
™Q & A Session

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 Telecommunication
player in Malaysia

Celcom Profile
™ First established in 1988
™ 2nd cellular service provider in Malaysia
™ Voted 7th fastest growing company by World Link in 1997.
™ Unveiled new logo “Sayap Gemilang” in 1997.

™ Core business : mobile (voice & data), fixed network and

multimedia / value added services
™ Merged in June 2003 with
™ Telekom Malaysia Berhad (TMB) becomes the new parent
company.
™ Control 35% of Malaysia’s cellular customer base (7.3 millions
customers)
™ Vision – to be the leading mobility solution provider in Malaysia

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MAXIS & DIGI Profile

MAXIS PROFILE
™ First established in 1995
™ Merged in July 2003 with TIMECEL.
™The largest cellular customer base of 7.5 mill.

DIGI PROFILE
™Establishedin 1995
™Mostly prepaid customer base
™Cater mainly Chinese market segment
™Customer base of 4 mill.

Evolution of Cellular
Technology

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Vision of Cellular Technology

To provide communications
ability for users on the
move.

It’s in your hands

What is Cellular Technology?

The process of continuing a call from one radio

channel to another using a cell-based technology

RBS

RBS

MTX
MTX

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 GSM Cellular Technology Architecture

(1) MOBILE STATIONS (MS) SUBSYSTEM

The terminating / receiving DTE

(2) BASE STATION SUBSYSTEM

3 MAJOR
Composed two major elements : BTS (Base
ELEMENTS Transceiver Station (BTS) and Base Station
Controller (BSC)
(3) NETWORK SUBSYSTEM
Central component is Mobile Switching Centre
(MSC) which is a mobile switching node

World Cellular History

STANDARD YEAR DESCRIPTION

NMT-450 1978 NORDIC MOBILE TELEPHONE
NMT-900 1980 NORDIC MOBILE TELEPHONE
AMPS 1983 ADVANCED MOBILE PHONE SYSTEM
TACS 1985 TOTAL ACCESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
GSM 1991 GROUPE SPECIAL MOBILE
ADC 1991 AMERICAN DIGITAL CELULLAR
JDC 1991 JAPANESE DIGITAL CELULAR

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 World Evolution of Cellular Technology
™ It emerged in late 70’s in Europe.
™ The most rapidly growing telecommunications service today.

Analogue system provides basic mobile telephony

1G requirements
Faces capacity limitation, lack of security and data
features

2 G. Digital system provides basic mobile telephony

requirements
2.5G &
Less capacity constraint, better security and potential
2.75G data features.

Digital system provides advanced mobile telephony

3G requirements with high speed data feature
Offers enormous potential high speed data-related
service

1 G – First Generation Cellular Technology In Malaysia

™ Analogue-based system is the first cellular technology

™ Widely used system are as follows :-
(a) TACS / ETACS
™ (b) Analog AMPS
™ (c) NMT 450/900 systems

™ launched the first ATUR 450 service in

Malaysia in 1985.

™ launched ART 900 service in Malaysia in 1988

™ Tremendous growth of subscriber base due to single operator
arrangement.

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2G–Second Generation Cellular Technology In Malaysia

™ 2 major digital cellular exists today :

™(a) GSM
™(b) Digital AMPS (TDMA & CDMA)

™ launched the first

CELCOM-GSM service in1994.

™ subsidiary, MOBIKOM
™ launched Digital AMPS service in 1995
together with PNB and MRcb.
™ launched its GSM service in 1955.

™ Tremendous growth of subscriber base.

An Overview of GSM /
GPRS Technology

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 Features of Cellular Technology

Analogue ‰ Early 80s, analogue cellular system rapid growth in

Europe
Cellular – ‰ Constraint : capacity limitation, system proprietary,
1G no roaming facility, lack of security and data features

‰ 1982, CEPT formed Groupe Special Mobile (GSM)

‰ GSM criteria : good subjective speech criteria, low
GSM terminal and service cost, international roaming support,
data termihnnal support, spectrum efficiency, ISDN
Cellular – compatibility.
2G ‰ Mid 1991, first commercial GSM service was launched
‰ By 1994, there were 1.3 millions GSM subscribers with
36 GSM networks in 22 countries

Type of Services For GSM Cellular Technology

(1) Bearer Service

It allows traffic, either synch or asynch to be
transported as a bearer service to/from ISDN
terminal
GSM (2) Teleservices
CELLULAR Basic telephony, emergency service three digits
TECHNOLOGY dialling, SMS (Short Message Service), Cell
broadcast, etc.
(3) Supplementary services
CLIP, call forwarding, call waiting, multiparty
conversations, call barring, etc.

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GSM Driver
Driver (1)
™ The mobile station consist of the physical
such as radio transceiver, display and
digital signal processors and SIM
(Subscriber Identity Module) card.
™ Mobile equipment is uniquely identified by
International Mobile Equipment Identity
(IMEI)
™ SIM card contains IMSI (International
Mobile Subscriber Identity) that identify the
subscriber profile, authentication key and
user information.

GSM Driver
™ Base Station Subsystem composed 2 parts :
(a) Base Transceiver Station (BTS)
(b) Base Station Controller
™ BTS houses radio transceivers that define a
cell and handles radiolink protocols with
the Mobile Station.
™ BTS focuses bon ruggedness, reliability,
BTS
portability and minimal cost.
™ BSC manages radio resources for one or
more BTSs. It handles radio channel set-up,
BSC frequency hopping and handovers.
™ BSC is the connection between Mobile
Station amnd MSC.
™ BSC also translates 13 Kbps voice channel
used over the radio link to the standard 64
Kbps channel used by PSTN or ISDN

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 GSM Driver

™ It is GSM switching node.

™ Handling call routing, call interconnection
and call roaming facility
™HLR (Home Location Register) contains
administartive information of each subscriber
registered in the corresponding GSM network.
™EIR (Equipment Identity Register) is a
databse contains a list of all valid mobile
Tandem equipment on the network.
MSC switch
™ Depend upon network architecture

3 Driver of Telecommunication Industry

FAKTOR (1)
FAKTOR (3) FAKTOR (2)

Litar Suwa
R A N G K A IA N
S Y A R IK AT
T E L E K O M M U N IK A S I

“Gateway” Sambungan
Firewall
Applikasi Internet
Server
Sistem Pesanan Ringkas GPRS Sistem
Applikasi (SMS)
™ Sistem Jualan
™ Pentadbiran logistik
Automatik
Circuit Switched Data ™ Telemetry
™ “Field Service
(CSD) ™ Pengedaran &
Automation”
™ Data 2 Go penghantaran barang
™ Penghantaran
™ “Unified Messaging ™ Perkhidmatan gudang
Automatik
Service (UMS)” ™ Perkhidmatan tiket
™ Perkhidmatan
™ Sistem trafik ™ Perkhidmatan “alerts &
gudang
notification”
™ “Web mail”

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 An Evolution of Mobility
Solution/ Content Services

Emergence of Mobility Solution Offerings

Traditional Traffic
- Voice

Non-voice traffic
Mobile Data
- Data2Go
- CGIA
- SMS
New Generation Terminals - MMS, etc.
PDA, PocketPC, Communicators

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Mobility Solution & Content Market In Malaysia
Entertainment &
Leisure

News & Information

Sports & Info

Games/Quiz

Financial Services

Mobile
Customization
Tools
Travel
• Based on 514 Mobile Data services offered by 3 MNOs
• 65% of all offered MD services covered by News & Information and
Entertainment & Leisure

CELCOM Corporate Mobility Solution Offerings

Corporate Mobility Solutions
... looking at the shape and color of things to come

• More than just mobile phone lines

• Mobile workforce
• Sales and marketing management
• Logistics tracking and management
IC T
• Human resource (HR) tracking co nv ergence
in form ation com m u n ication s
tech n olog y tech n olog y

P a rtne r S olutions
user in terface
data access
communications
inter-application

Consu lting &

P rofe ssio na l
Te chn ology S olu tio ns
S e rvice s ap p licatio n
solutions
mobility

I N T E R N AT I O N AL
ISC

i
SSP
I N T ESCPL L I G E N T
N E T W O R K
( I N )

I PT I PT
I SP I SP

I N T E G R AT E D O T H E R
P AC K E T O P E R AT O R S
( I P ) T AN D E M S
( I T ) e . g .
N E T W O R K
mobility base

T e l e k o m , M a x i s

REG I O N B
e t c
s ystem an d op eratin g system s
i
REG I O N C
REG I O N
L O C AL S W I T C H A

( L S ) & MO BI L E
S W I T C H I N G
C E N T R E ( MS C )

R E MO T E
S W I T C H
BAS E
S T AT I O N
&
n etw o rk

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 Celcom Corporate Mobility Solution Offerings
Driver (2) Driver (1)
Driver (3)

Leased Line
CELCOM GPRS &
G S M N ETW O R K

Broadband
CELCOM

Application Firewall
Application
Server Gateway

SMS Solutions GPRS Solution

Circuit Switched Data
(CSD) •• Fleet
FleetManagement
Management • Sales Automation
• Data 2 Go • Telemetry • Field Service Automation
• Unified Messaging • Delivery - parcel track & •Delivery Automation
Service trace.
•Stock
• SMS OnLine (Bulk & •Stock
Premium) •Web Mail
• Ticketing
• Alerts & Notifications

Benefits of SMS

• Simple and straight forward

• Allows two-way data communication
• SMS information can be stored and retrieve later
• Retry mechanism with store and forward capability
• Cost-effective

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CELCOM GPRS Coverage Map

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 An Overview of 3G
Technology

3G - An Infinite Possibility
™3G promotes the development and integration of data and
voice capability to be greatly improved on distance,
quality and speed.
™Thus, allowing an endless applications development
environment.
™Whatever that is thinkable can be developed and
deployed on the 3G network.
™ Offers packet switched data at bigger bandwidth of 384 Kbps
for mobile access and 2 Mbps for stationary use.
™Excellent voice quality, always-on-data and internet access
™Combines high-speed mobile, fixed and Internet Protocol (IP)
™3G promotes the development and integration of data and voice
capability to be greatly improved on distance, quality and speed.
™Killer applications are on hunt.

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 3G - What It Is?

™ Based upon ITU (International Telecommunication Union)IMT-

2000 standards
™ 3G technology evolved around such systems as WCDMA-DA
(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), CDM-2000 and TD-
SCDMA (Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiplexing
Access).
™ 3G enables sending of data traffic over a greater bandwidth.

3G - Spectrum Allocation

Uplink (MS to Downlink (Base

Frequency Spectrum
Base Station) Station to MS)

Primary GSM-900 Mhz 890 – 905 Mhz 935 – 950 Mhz

Extended GSM – 900 Mhz 888 – 890 Mhz 933 – 935 Mhz

1800 MHz 1735–1760 Mhz 1830–1855Mhz

3G – Utarid FDD 1920–1935 Mhz 2110–2115 Mhz

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3G - Applications For Different Industry Segment

(1) Public Applications

Daily public aplications for personal usage

(2) Private / Enterprise

Customized applications for enterprise usage
3G
(3) Retail applications
APPLICATIONS
(4) Advertising applications
Advertising & promotions applications

(5) Government applications

Safety & health, enforcement, education, fire &
rescue.

3G - In Malaysia

VALUE
3G ADDED
LICENCE CONTENT
OWNER

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 3G – Third Generation Cellular Technology
™ Malaysia 3G licences have been awarded to :
™(a)

™(b)

™ Expected to be launched by 2005.

™ Major constraints :
™ (a) Heavy investment
™ (b) No killer applications

3G TRANSMISSION CONCEPT

Case 1: TM LL (TM LL is available) Strategy:

If the site is a TM site or has TM
existing infra, then TM LL is used.

Node B TM LL
TM Network

Core Network
RNC
Case 2: Celcom E1 (Celcom E1 is available)

Celcom
Network
Node B
PDH Mw
Existing Mw
SDH Mw

Strategy: Node B at Celcom Site

For Celcom site with access
capacity, use Celcom E1. TM Repeater/Node
B at TM site
RNC

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Celcom Corporate Mobility Solution Offerings

GPRS/ SMS
WAP

Access to
Mobile Field Mobile Operators
MMS Service
Mobile
Reservation Mobile
Alerts

Mobile Mobile
Messaging Enforcement Windows
J2ME

Windows
Palm OS Mobile

Corporate Mobility Solution – Connectivity Diagram

PTP Vehicle with

MDT & GSM Modem

PTP

CELCOM 013
SMSC

Leased Line
PTP Vehicle with
MDT & GSM Modem

PTP
PTP AiroGate Wireless
Database Server
App Server Messaging Gateway
CELCOM 019
SMSC

PTP Vehicle with

MDT & GSM Modem

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Corporate Mobility Solution Impact / Benefits

PROFIT

REDUCE COMPANY INCREASE

COST REVENUE

STRATEGIC
MAXIMIZING CHOICES EXPAND
EFFICIENCY & MARKET
EFFECTIVENESS SHARE

INTERNAL & EXTERNAL BUSINESS PROCESS IMPROVEMENTS

3G – Roles & Functionalities

Items Functions
(1) System security or protection for each network
element eg. hardware and software such as
firewall /system system access
(2) Alert & notification
(3) Modern & conclusive system monitoring

(1) Rules & Regulations

(2) Enforcement

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CELCOM Development Centre(CDC) For Mobility Solution

1 2 Development &
Testing
CDC •Celcom application
•Idea Brainstorming
Developer community
•Wireless competition
•Feedback from Celcom,
e.g.. Hotspot
system integrator and end-
• Regional & global market users.
studies
•Rapid prototyping for
•End-user Feedback 3 User Trials & simulation testing
•Regular technical
rapport / workshops Feedback

• Market testing in friendly

user trials
•Sophisticated user-
feedback tool
•Marketing & business plan
information

Q & A Session

Thank You

“FAILURE TO PLAN
IS
PLANNING TO FAIL”

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Rosli Abdullah 019 3303515
rosliabd@celcom.com.my

Ahmad Zaki Salleh 0193303600

Mohd Kamill Kamsah 013 3236333

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