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B&W PGG’s involvement with fluid-bed technology began in the 1950s with the
first combustor at its state-of-the-art research center in Alliance, Ohio. Now, with
an experience base of more than 30 BFB units, these facilities are helping the world
realize the promise of clean energy from a wide variety of fuels.
Fuel Flexible
NOX SO2
Due to the low temperature The intimate contact between
sub-stoichiometric combustion the fuel and bed material allows
processes that occur in the for in-bed capture of sulfur
bubbling bed, the generation dioxide (SO2). When burning
of nitrogen oxides (NOX) is biomass in combination with
inherently lower than that of sulfur fuels, alkali normally
a stoker-fired boiler. present in the biomass will result
in reduced SO2. Limestone can
Because of good carbon burnout, also be added to the bed material
a selective catalytic reduction for greater SO2 capture.
(SCR) system can cost-effectively
be located before dust removal
equipment to further reduce NOX.
Particulate
Due to improved carbon
CO and VOCs burnout compared with a
Due to the intimate contact stoker boiler, the potential for
between the bed material and the fires in back-end environmental
fuel, improved fuel burnout occurs. equipment is significantly
This results in very low carbon reduced. This allows for the use
monoxide (CO) and volatile organic of a baghouse to meet lower
compound (VOC) emissions. particulate requirements.
0.5 0.5
Uncontrolled NOx (lb/106 Btu)
0.4 0.4
CO (lb/106 Btu)
0.3 0.3
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.1
Widely spaced
bubble caps
B&W PGG’s BFB boiler is designed with allow removal
of large tramp
reliability in mind. Several features material.
Tramp material
• An open bottom design permits moves down and
cools before
easy removal of oversized or being removed
through the
foreign material. B&W PGG was the first in bottom hoppers.
Tables ensure
North America to offer the open
• A water-cooled, gas-tight lower furnace bottom BFB design. Designed
even flow from
the bed.
eliminates the potential for gas leaks with no floor, the open
bottom furnace results in
caused from refractory damage. complete debris removal
• Bottom-supported hoppers remove with lower capital costs
load from the boiler, reduce capital and maintenance expenses.
Our advanced controls system The ability to adjust the throw distance
automatically moves air from of the fuel feed system allows fine
the bed to the overfire air system tuning to accommodate variations
and modulates the volume of gas in fuel moisture.
recirculation to adjust for changes
in the fuel or sudden changes in The B&W PGG bubbling fluidized-
steam demand. bed boiler is the ideal biomass
Advanced combustion controls
automatically adjust to changes in combustion system.
operating conditions. The bubbling fluidized bed carries an
inventory of hot bed material that will
Efficient
Lower fuel costs from BFB boiler
B&W PGG’s BFB boilers provide
improved efficiency. Intimate contact
better efficiency specifications
for a variety of
Efficiency improvement from
between the bed materials in the improved carbon burnout
~ 1% Efficiency
30
burning wet wood-based fuels –
between approximately 2800 and
25
3500 Btu/lb HHV (6513 and 8141
% Excess Air
20
kJ/kg) without support fuels
15
Fuels:
Sootblowers
Able to burn a wide range of
conventional fuels and waste fuels
Upper with high moisture, including:
Overfire Air
Ports Upper
Overfire • Wood wastes and bark
Air Supply
Fuel
Duct • Paper mill sludges
Chutes Lower
Overfire
Air Supply
• Recycled paper facility sludges
Top of
Duct
• Sewage sludge
Furnace
Refractory
Lower Drum
• Tire-derived fuel, in combination
Lower
Overfire Air
Ports
Start-Up
Burners
• Oil and natural gas
Air Heater
Sootblowers • Coal, in combination
Sand Fill
Downcomers • Peat
Chute
• Biomass
Top of
Bubble Caps • Sugar cane waste
• Agricultural waste
Flue Gas
Recirculation
Inlet Duct
Lower CO emissions 4
Higher efficiency
from lower O2 4
No moving parts 4
No high-maintenance cinder
4
re-injection system
Capital cost 4 4
Operating cost 4 4
High availability 4 4
www.babcock.com
From engineering
and design through
construction and
startup, B&W provides
total support for your
BFB project.
E101-3161A 3KDC8D