AVAILABILITY OF PHOSPHATE, PHOSPHATE ABSORPTION, AND YIELD OF

CORN (Zea mays L.) DUE TO APPLIED SAGO PITH WASTE BOKASHI WITH
PHOSPHATE FERTILIZER ON ULTISOLS
by Elizabeth Kaya, 2009

SEMESTER FINAL TEST

ENGLISH

GROUP 1 :

MODERATOR : ROSYID RIDLO 0710410057

PRESENTER 1 : ARUMBINANG WAJDI 0710460027
PRESENTER 2 : ROZA ANUGRAHA W. 0710460021
RESPONDER 1 : DIMAS PRIYAANDIKA 0710430013
RESPONDER 2 : PANDU ADI PUTRA 0710430007
SUMMARIZER : MOHAMMAD IBNU K. 0710430011

FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA
MALANG
2011
Name : Rosyid Ridlo
NIM : 0710410057
As : Moderator

Good morning, Ladies and Gentlemen.

Welcome to this seminar on “Availability of phosphate, phosphate absorption, and yield of
corn (Zea mays L.) due to applied sago pith waste bokashi with phosphate fertilizer on
Ultisols” by Elizabeth Kaya in “Soil Science and Environment Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2009)
p: 30-36”.
Before starting the topic, I would like to introduce our group.

We are group 1, S1 students of the study program of Agronomy, Plant Protection, and Soil
Science, the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. As you might have a
noticed, there are six members, and starting from your left is:
o Mr. Arumbinang who is in charge of presenting the first part of the article,
namely the Introduction up to the Material and Method.
o Next to him is Mr. Roza who is in charge of presenting the second part of
the article, starting the Finding through the Conclusion and Suggestions.
o Then comes Mr. Dimas who will respond to the first question or comment.
o Mr. Pandu will be in charge of answering the second question or comment.
o Next to Mr. Pandu is Mr. Ibnu who will summarize our discussion today.
o And I am Rosyid, in charge of ushering through this seminar.
This morning, our group is going to describe availability of phosphate, phosphate
absorption, and yield of corn (Zea mays L.) due to applied sago pith waste bokashi with
phosphate fertilizer on Ultisols.
Our data show that the sago pith waste bokashi combined with phosphate fertilizer
increased soil pH, P availability in soil and dry grains yield of corn, meanwhile the sago
pith waste bokashi and phosphate fertilizer individually increased P-uptake of plant.
We’ll start by looking at overall figures and then look at the Introduction, the Material and
Method, the Result and Discussion in turn.
Finally, we’ll make recommendations for this study based on these figures.
At the end of the presentation there will be time for any questions you have.
Now so as to start the program, allow me to invite Mr. Arumbinang to present the first part
of the article. Mr. Arumbinang, the time is all yours.

Name : Arumbinang Wajdi

NIM : 0710460027
As : Presenter 1
Introduction
Judging from the soil physicochemical aspects, some problems commonly found in
acid soils such as Ultisols, Oxisols, and Inceptisols are most soil reaction (pH) of sour,
along with the toxicity of Al, Fe, and Mn; high P adsorption. Another obstacle in the acid
soils is low cation exchange capacity and the availability of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Mo is
relatively low. Growth and yield of corn on the ground so heavily dependent on the level
of land management and input given.
One of the efforts made to overcome obstacles Ultisol is with organic matter. This
is because organic materials can reduce fixation of phosphate by oxides of Al through the
formation of compounds organo-complex. With decreasing phosphate fixation capacity
will reduce the solubility of Al, in line with the pH of the soil will increase, phosphate free
and available phosphate in soil solution also increased. In addition, organic materials can
improve soil structure through bonding clay grains by organic compounds. Associated with
organic matter to overcome the acid soils, the sago pith waste can be recommended as a
source of organic material which has not been widely used, but are abundantly available in
eastern Indonesia, particularly in Maluku. Sago pith waste if it is processed into bokashi,
may play a role in improving soil productivity in this case improving the physical and
chemical properties of soil. This study aims to determine the available phosphorus,
phosphorus uptake, and yield of maize due to treatment sago pith waste bokashi and
phosphate fertilizer on Ultisol.
Materials and methods
Tools and materials used in this study, namely polybags, sack, shovel, tape
measure, shove, laboratory equipment used for soil and plant analysis, Ultisol, sago pith
waste, cow manure, sugar, lamtoro, EM culture solution -4, Hybrid seed corn varieties
CPI-2, urea fertilizer (46% N), KCl (60% K2O), and SP-36 (45% P2O5), pesticide
(Furadan 3G), ion-free water, and materials Chemical analysis of soil and plants in the
laboratory. The study was designed using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 3 x 3
factorial with 3 replications. The first factor is the sago pith waste bokashi (B) which
consists of three levels, namely B0 without sago pith waste bokashi; B1 100 g pot-1 is
equivalent to 40 tons ha-1, and B2 200 g pot-1 is equivalent to 80 tons ha-1 . The second
factor is the quantity of SP-36 (P) which consists of three levels, ie without fertilizer P P0,
P1 SP-36 1.908 g pot-1 is equivalent to 120 kg P ha-1, and P2 SP-36 3.816 g pot-1
equivalent to 240 kg P ha-1.

Well, that is all from me.

Back to the moderator.

Ladies and gentlemen, that was the first part of the article. Now we are going to hear the
second part. Therefore, I would like to invite Mr. Roza to deliver the second part of the
article. Mr. Roza the time is yours.

Name : Roza Anugraha W.

NIM : 0710460021
As : Presenter 2
Finding
Results of greenhouse experiments showed that both independently sago pith waste
bokashi, phosphate fertilizers, as well as interaction between sago pith waste bokashi with
phosphate fertilizer had significant effect on increasing soil pH.
Applied sago pith waste bokashi together with phosphate fertilizer can increase
yields (dry loose weight) corn is higher than the treatment without fertilizer phosphate. The
treatment without SP-36 fertilizer (0 kg ha-1) when given a good treatment sago pith waste
bokashi 40 tons ha-1 and 80 tons ha-1 was significantly different in weight increase yield
compared to maize with no given sago pith waste bokashi, sago pith waste bokashi while
giving 40 tons ha-1 did not differ with sago pith waste bokashi 80 tons ha-1, although there
is improvement. SP-36 fertilizer treatments either 120 kg P ha-1 and 240 kg P ha-1 without
treatment sago pith waste bokashi or sago pith waste bokashi when given 40 tons ha-1 and
80 tonnes ha-1 was significantly different in increasing yield of maize. SP-36 fertilizer
each dose of 120 and 240 kg ha-1 without being sago pith waste bokashi to raise the yield
of maize respectively, 1.07 and 1.73 tons ha-1, and so if given the sago pith waste bokashi
40 tons ha-1 will increase the yield of maize at 1.72 and 3.89 tons ha-1 and when given
sago pith waste bokashi 80 tons ha-1 can increase the yield of maize 1.58 and 4.71 tonnes
ha -1. The combination of the best dose is 80 tons ha-1 sago pith waste bokashi and 240 kg
P ha-1 in increasing the dry weight of shelled corn at 6.77 tons ha-1.
Conclusion and Suggestions
Applied sago pith waste bokashi along with the phosphate fertilizer can increase
soil pH causes the phosphate available and plant roots can absorb nutrients properly
phosphate, applied sago pith waste bokashi dose of 80 tons ha-1 along with the phosphate
fertilizer dose of 120 kg P ha-1 can improve soil reaction (soil pH) of 6.067, while sago
pith waste bokashi dose of 80 tons ha-1 with a dose of 240 kg of phosphate fertilizer P ha-1
can increase available soil P at 16.233 ppm. Besides applied sago pith waste bokashi dose
of 80 tons ha-1 and 240 kg dose of phosphate fertilizer P ha-1 independently is also able to
increase plant P-uptake, respectively 0.168% and 0.169%. The combination of the best
dose is 80 tons ha-1 sago pith waste bokashi and 240 kg P ha-1 in increasing the dry
weight of shelled corn at 6.77 tons ha-1.

Well, that is all from me.

Back to the moderator.

Ladies and gentlemen, we have just listened to the presentation of the topic. There maybe
matters not well-understood, or questions and comments you would like us to respond to.
All your questions and comments would be very useful feedback for our group. Therefore,
do not hesitate to raise your questions or comments.
However, as the time is limited, we can only respond to two questions or comments. All
the other questions and comments can be expressed in written form and will be answered
by correspondence, so do not forget to state your postal or e-mail address.
To the questioner or commentator, please mention your name and your group you
represent before you raise your question or comment. Thank you.

Name : Dimas Priyaandika

NIM : 0710430013
As : Responder 1
Simulated Question 1
What is the effect of sago pith waste bokashi against P content in the soil?
Mr. Dimas would you please answer question 1?
Your question was what is the effect of sago pith waste bokashi against P content in the
soil?
Is that right? Thanks for the question. In response I would like to say that applied sago pith
waste bokashi to increase the availability of soil P, because it is directly in the composition
of organic matter from sago pith waste bokashi to liberate P to the soil.
Back to Moderator.

Well, Mr. Baihaqi, are you satisfied with the answer?

The next question or comment, please.

Name : Pandu Adi Putra

NIM : 0710430007
As : Responder 2
Simulated Question 2
How does the process of release of P from the bonding of Al and Fe by sago pith waste
bokashi?
Mr. Pandu would you please answer question 2?
Your question was how does the process of release of P from the bonding of Al and Fe by
sago pith waste bokashi?
Is that right? Thanks for the question. In response I would like to say that sago pith waste
bokashi dekompisition results sago produces organic acids that can bind aluminum (Al)
and iron (Fe), organic acids can also dissolve P from its binding with aluminum (Al-P) and
iron (Fe-P). In addition, the higher the phosphate fertilizer phosphate in the soil can
provide, because Ca2 + ions in phosphate fertilizer will replace the ions H + and Al3 + and
Fe3 + in the complex as a result of adsorption of H + ion concentration in solution
decreases and OH-ion concentration increases. Ion Al3 + and Fe3 + in soil solution will
react with the OH-forming compounds Al (OH) 3 and Fe (OH) 3 so that the element of P
can be available in the soil for plants.
Back to Moderator.

Well, Miss Rissya, are you satisfied with the answer?

Ladies and gentlemen, that was the fourth session of today’s program. We have now come
to the fifth session, which is the SUMMING UP session.
Mr. Ibnu would you please sum up our discussion today ?

Name : Mohammad Ibnu K.

NIM : 0710430011
As : Summarizer
To sum up our discussion today, we would like to say that we have talked about
availability of phosphate, phosphate absorption, and yield of corn (Zea mays L.) due to
applied sago pith waste bokashi with phosphate fertilizer on ultisols, our main points were:
1. Efforts are made to overcome obstacles oxisol and Ultisol having toxicity
characteristic Al, Fe, and Mn; high P adsorption is by providing organic matter and
addition of lime to reduce soil acidity to fix phosphate by oxides of Fe and Al
through the formation of compounds Fe organokompleks (OH) 3 and Al (OH) 3
can release the P element into the ground

2. Applied sago pith waste bokashi can produce organic acids that can bind aluminum
(Al) and iron (Fe) and dissolved P from its binding with aluminum (Al-P) and iron
(Fe-P) results in P + ion.

3. The experimental results show applied sago pith waste bokashi along with the
phosphate fertilizer can increase yields (dry loose weight) corn is higher than the
 treatment without fertilizer phosphate. Providing a combination of fertilizer and
fertilizer phosphate sago pith waste bokashi better than just giving it fertilizer or
manure SP36 sago pith waste bokashi course, the best combination dose is 80 ha
sago pith waste bokashi-1 and SP36 240 ha-1 produced 6.77 tons ha-1.
In the next few years we will do a research of how to evaluate availability of phosphate
due to applied sago pith waste bokashi.
Thank you for your attention.
Back to the moderator.

Ladies and gentlemen, that ends our seminar on “Availability of phosphate, phosphate
absorption, and yield of corn (Zea mays L.) due to applied sago pith waste bokashi with
phosphate fertilizer on Ultisols” by Elizabeth Kaya in “Soil Science and Environment
Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2009) p: 30-36”.
We do hope that the information we have shared would be useful to us all. Thank you for
being with us throughout this seminar.
God Bless you.