iPhone

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For the Internet appliance line, see Linksys iPhone.

iPhone

Manufacturer
Apple Inc.

Carrier [show]List of carriers[1]

Available Original: June 29, 2007[20]

3G: 11 July 2008[21]
Screen
480×320 px, 3.5 in (89 mm), color
LCD, 3:2 aspect ratio

Camera
2.0 megapixel

Operating
iPhone OS 2.0 (1.2.0 - Build 5A347)
system
Input
4 hardware buttons and Multi-touch
touchscreen
 CPU 620 MHz ARM 1176,[22]
underclocked to 412 MHz[23]
GPU: PowerVR MBX 3D[24]
Ringtone iTunes Store via iTunes, custom
creation using GarageBand[25] or
other tool
Memory 128 MB DRAM[26]
Storage
Flash memory 4, 8, or 16 GB

Networks Quad band GSM 850 900 1800 1900

GPRS/EDGE
3G also includes: Tri band
UMTS/HSDPA 850, 1900, 2100, A-
GPS[27]
Connectivity Dock connector (with USB &
FireWire adapter cables, FireWire
for charging only)
Headphone jack
Wi-Fi (802.11b/g)
Bluetooth 2.0+EDR
Battery Lithium-ion polymer battery[28]
Physical size Original:
4.5 in (115 mm) (h)
2.4 in (61 mm) (w)
0.46 in (11.6 mm) (d)
3G:
4.5 in (115.5 mm) (h)
2.4 in (62.1 mm) (w)
0.48 in (12.3 mm) (d)
Weight
Original: 135 g (4.8 oz)
3G: 133 g (4.7 oz)

Form factor
Candybar Smartphone

Media iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store

iPod
H.264 (YouTube)
Related iPod touch

The iPhone is an Internet-enabled multimedia smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc. It has a
multi-touch screen with virtual keyboard and buttons, but a minimal amount of hardware input. The
iPhone's functions include those of a camera phone and portable media player (equivalent to the iPod) in
addition to text messaging and visual voicemail. It also offers Internet services including e-mail, web
browsing, and local Wi-Fi connectivity. The first generation phone hardware was quad-band GSM with
EDGE; the second generation also adds UMTS and HSDPA.[29]

Apple announced the iPhone on 9 January 2007.[30] The announcement was preceded by rumors and
speculations that circulated for several months.[31] The iPhone was initially introduced in the United States
on 29 June 2007 and is in the process of being introduced worldwide. It was named Time magazine's
Invention of the Year in 2007.[32] On 11 July 2008, the iPhone 3G was released and supported faster 3G
data speeds and Assisted GPS.[29]

Contents

[hide]

• 1 Hardware
o 1.1 Screen and interface
o 1.2 Audio
o 1.3 Battery
o 1.4 SIM card
o 1.5 Storage
o 1.6 Included items and accessories
 1.6.1 Items common to both versions
 1.6.2 Original iPhone
 1.6.3 iPhone 3G
• 2 Software
o 2.1 Applications
o 2.2 Software updates
• 3 Features
o 3.1 Multimedia
o 3.2 Internet connectivity and accessibility
o 3.3 E-mail
o 3.4 Camera
o 3.5 Others
o 3.6 Text input
• 4 History and availability
• 5 Specifications
o 5.1 Features common to both versions
o 5.2 Original model
o 5.3 3G model
• 6 Patents, copyrights, and trademarks
• 7 Restrictions
o 7.1 SIM Lock removal
o 7.2 Activation
o 7.3 Third party applications
• 8 See also
• 9 References

• 10 External links

Hardware
Rear view of an original iPhone. The back is made of metal and black plastic.

A highlighted view of the proximity and ambient light sensors on the first-generation iPhone.

The proximity and ambient light sensors on the iPhone 3G.

Screen and interface

The 9 cm (3.5 in) liquid crystal display (320×480 px at 6.3 px/mm, 160 ppi) HVGA touchscreen with
scratch-resistant glass[33] is specifically created for use with a finger, or multiple fingers for multi-touch
sensing. Because the screen is a capacitive touchscreen, bare skin is required; a stylus or a normal glove
prevents the necessary electrical conductivity.[34][35][36][37]

Almost all input is given through the touch screen, which understands complex gestures using multi-touch.
The iPhone user interface enables the user to move the content itself up or down by a touch-drag motion of
the finger. For example, zooming in and out of web pages and photos is done by placing two fingers on the
screen and spreading them farther apart or closer together. Similarly, scrolling through a long list in a menu
works as if the list is pasted on the outer surface of a wheel: the wheel can be "spun" by sliding a finger
over the display from bottom to top (or vice versa). In either case, the list continues to move based on the
flicking motion of the finger, slowly decelerating as if affected by friction. In this way, the interface
simulates the physics of a real 3D object. There are other visual effects, such as horizontally sliding sub-
selections and co-selections from right and left, vertically sliding system menus from the bottom (e.g.
favorites, keyboard), and menus and widgets that turn around to allow settings to be configured on their
back sides.

The display responds to three sensors. A proximity sensor shuts off the display and touchscreen when the
iPhone is brought near the face to save battery power and to prevent inadvertent inputs from the user's face
and ears. An ambient light sensor adjusts the display brightness which in turn saves battery power. A 3-axis
accelerometer senses the orientation of the phone and changes the screen accordingly.[38] Photo browsing,
web browsing, and music playing support both upright and left or right widescreen orientations, while
videos play in only one widescreen orientation.[citation needed]

A software update allowed the first generation iPhone to use cell towers and Wi-Fi networks to locate itself
despite lacking a hardware GPS. The iPhone 3G includes A-GPS but also uses cell towers and Wi-Fi for
location finding.

A single "home" hardware button below the display brings up the main menu. Subselections are made via
the touchscreen. The iPhone utilizes a full-paged display, with context-specific submenus at the top and/or
bottom of each page, sometimes depending on screen orientation. Detail pages display the equivalent of a
"Back" button to return to the parent menu.

The iPhone has three physical switches on its sides: wake/sleep, volume up/down, and ringer on/off. These
are made of plastic on the original iPhone and metal on the iPhone 3G. All other multimedia and phone
operations are done via the touchscreen.

Audio

The iPhone's headphones are similar to those of most current smartphones, incorporating a microphone. A
multipurpose button in the microphone can be used to play or pause music, skip tracks, and answer or end
phone calls without touching the iPhone. The 3.5 mm TRS connector for the headphones is located on the
top left corner. The headphone socket on the original iPhone is recessed into the casing and is narrow when
compared to some headphone jacks, making it incompatible with most headphones without the use of an
adapter.[39] The iPhone 3G has a flush mounted headphone socket.

Wireless earpieces that use Bluetooth technology to communicate with the iPhone are sold separately. It
does not support stereo audio.

The loudspeaker is used both for handsfree operations and media playback, but does not support voice
recording.

Composite or component video at up to 576i and stereo audio can be output from the dock connector using
an adapter sold by Apple.[40]

Battery

The iPhone features a built-in rechargeable battery that is not user-replaceable, similar to existing iPods,
but dissimilar to most existing cellular phones.[41][42] If the battery prematurely reaches the end of its life
time, the phone can be returned to Apple and replaced for free while still in warranty,[43] one year at
purchase and extended to two years with AppleCare. The cost of having Apple provide a new battery and
replace it when the iPhone is out of warranty is, in the United States, US$79 and US$6.95 for shipping.[44]
Since July 2007 third party battery packs have been available[45] at a much lower price than Apple's own
battery replacement program. These kits often include a small screwdriver and an instruction leaflet, but as
with many newer iPod models the battery in the original iPhone has been soldered in. Therefore a
soldering iron is required to install the new battery. This is not the case with the iPhone 3G as it uses a
different battery fitted with a connector.[46]

The original iPhone's battery was stated to be capable of providing up to seven hours of video, six hours of
web browsing, eight hours of talk time, 24 hours of music or up to 250 hours on standby.[33] Apple's site
says that the battery life "is designed to retain up to 80% of its original capacity after 400 full charge and
discharge cycles",[47] which is comparable to the iPod batteries.

The iPhone 3G's battery is stated to be capable of providing up to seven hours of video, six hours of web
browsing on Wi-Fi or five on 3G, ten hours of 2G talk time, or five on 3G, 24 hours of music, or 300 hours
of standby.[27]

The Foundation for Taxpayer and Consumer Rights, a consumer advocate group, has sent a complaint to
Apple and AT&T over the fee that consumers have to pay to have the battery replaced.[48] Though the
battery replacement service and its pricing was not made known to buyers until the day the product was
launched,[48][49] a similar service had been well established for the iPods by Apple and various third party
service providers.

SIM card

The original iPhone's SIM card slot shown as open, with ejected SIM card.

The SIM card is located in a slot at the top of the device, which can be ejected with a paperclip or a SIM
card ejection tool which is included with the iPhone 3G.[50] In most countries, the iPhone is usually sold
with a SIM lock preventing the use of SIM cards from different mobile networks.

See also: iPhone SIM Lock removal

Storage

The iPhone was initially released with two options for internal storage size; either a 4 GB or 8 GB flash
drive (manufactured by Samsung) model was available. On September 5, 2007, Apple announced they were
discontinuing the 4 GB models.[51] On February 5, 2008, Apple announced the addition of a 16 GB model to
the iPhone lineup.[52] The iPhone does not contain any memory card slots for expanded storage.

Included items and accessories

Both the iPhone and the iPhone 3G came with a series of included accessories and items when purchased.

Items common to both versions

• Appropriate documentation
 • Stereo headset with microphone
• Dock connector to USB cable (standard USB cable for connection)
• Cleaning/polishing cloth

Original iPhone

• Dock
• Standard USB power adapter

iPhone 3G

The iPhone 3G, with a black plastic back and chrome volume control buttons

• SIM ejector tool

• Mini USB power adapter (U.S. model)
• Standard USB power adapter (European model)

Software

Main article: iPhone OS

iPhone OS is the operating system that runs on the iPhone and iPod touch. It is based on a variant of the
same basic Mach kernel that is found in Mac OS X. iPhone OS includes the software component "Core
Animation" from Mac OS X v10.5 which, together with the PowerVR MBX 3D hardware, is responsible
for the smooth animations used in its user interface. The operating system takes up considerably less than
half a GB of the device's total 8 GB or 16 GB storage.[53] It will be capable of supporting bundled and future
applications from Apple.

Like an iPod, the iPhone is managed with iTunes version 7.3 or later, which is compatible with Mac OS X
version 10.4.10 or later, and 32-bit Windows XP or Vista.[54] The release of iTunes 7.6 expanded this
support to include 64-bit versions of XP and Vista,[55] and a workaround has been discovered for previous
64-bit Windows operating systems.[56]

The iPhone's applications can not simply be copied from Mac OS X and have to be written and compiled
specifically for the iPhone. Additionally, the Safari web browser supports web applications written with
AJAX.

Applications

See also: iPhone OS#iPhone SDK

The photo display application

There are several applications located on the Home screen: Text (SMS messaging), Calendar, Photos,
Camera, YouTube, Stocks, Maps (Google Maps), Weather, Clock, Calculator, Notes, Settings, and iTunes
(store). Four other applications, docked at the base of the screen, delineate the iPhone's main purposes:
Phone, Mail, Safari, and iPod.[57]

The YouTube application streams videos over Wi-Fi, 2G, or 3G after encoding them using the open H.264
codec, to which YouTube has converted about 10,000 videos. As a result, the YouTube application on
iPhone can currently view only a certain selection of videos from the site.[58]

At WWDC 2007 on June 11, 2007 Apple announced that the iPhone will support third-party "applications"
via the Safari web browser that share the look and feel of the iPhone interface. On October 17, 2007, Steve
Jobs, in an open letter posted to Apple's "Hot News" weblog, announced that a software development kit
(SDK) would be made available to third-party developers in February 2008. Due to security concerns and
Jobs' praise of Nokia's digital signature system, it was suggested that Apple would adopt a similar method.
The SDK will also allow application development for the iPod touch.[59] The iPhone SDK was officially
announced on March 6, 2008, at the Apple Town Hall facility.[60] The SDK will allow developers to develop
native applications for the iPhone and iPod touch, as well as test them in an "iPhone simulator". However,
loading an application onto the devices is only possible after paying a Apple Developer Connection
membership fee. Developers are free to set any price for their applications to be distributed through the
App Store, of which they will receive a 70 percent share[61]. Developers can also opt to release the
application for free and will not pay any costs to release or distribute the application beyond the
membership fee. The SDK was made available immediately, while the launch of applications had to wait
until the firmware update which was released on July 11, 2008.[62] This update is free for iPhone users and
there is a charge for iPod touch owners.

Many third party Safari "applications" and un-signed native applications are also available.[63] The ability to
install native applications onto the iPhone outside of the App Store will not be supported by Apple. Such
native applications could be broken by any software update, but Apple has stated it will not design software
updates specifically to break native applications other than applications that perform SIM unlocking.[64]

Software updates

Main article: iPhone OS version history

Apple provides free updates to the iPhone's operating system through iTunes, in a similar fashion to the
way that iPods are updated.[53] Security patches, as well as new and improved features, are released in this
fashion.[65]

Features

The iPhone allows audio conferencing, call holding, call merging, caller ID, and integration with other
cellular network features and iPhone functions. Voice dialing and video calling are not supported by the
iPhone.
The iPhone includes a visual voicemail feature allowing users to view a list of current voicemail messages
on-screen without having to call into their voicemail. Unlike most other systems, messages can be listened
to and deleted in a non-chronological order by choosing any message from an on-screen list. AT&T, O2, T-
Mobile Germany, and Orange modified their voicemail infrastructure to accommodate this new feature
designed by Apple. A lawsuit has been filed against Apple and AT&T by Klausner Technologies Inc.
claiming the iPhone's visual voicemail feature infringes two patents.[66][dead link]

A music ringtone feature was introduced in the United States on September 5, 2007. For a fee equal to the
price of the song on iTunes, the user is allowed to create their custom ringtones. It is not yet available in all
countries where the iPhone has been released. The ringtones can be from 3 to 30 seconds in length of any
part of a song, can include fading in and out, can pause from half a second to five seconds when looped,
and never expire. All customizing can be done in iTunes, and the synced ringtones can also be used for
alarms on the iPhone. Custom ringtones can also be created using Apple's GarageBand software 4.1.1 or
later (available only on Mac OS X)[25] and third-party tools.[67]

Multimedia

The layout of the music library is similar to iPods and current Symbian S60 phones, with the sections
divided more clearly alphabetically, and with a larger font. Just like iPods, the iPhone can sort its media
library by songs, artists, albums, videos, playlists, genres, composers, podcasts, audiobooks, and
compilations. Cover Flow, like that on iTunes, shows the different album covers in a scroll-through photo
library. Scrolling is achieved by swiping a finger across the screen.

The iPhone supports gapless playback.[68]

Like the fifth generation iPods introduced in 2005, the iPhone can play video, allowing users to watch TV
shows and films. Unlike other image-related content, video on the iPhone plays only in the landscape
orientation, when the phone is turned sideways. Double tapping switches between wide-screen and full-
screen video playback.

The iPhone allows users to purchase and download songs from the iTunes Store directly to their iPhone
over Wi-Fi with the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store, but not over the cellular data network.[69]

Internet connectivity and accessibility

Wikipedia Main Page on iPhone's Safari in landscape mode

Internet access is available when the iPhone is connected to a local area Wi-Fi or a wide area GSM or
EDGE network, both 2G standards. Steve Jobs stated in September 2007 that 3G would need to become
more widespread in the United States and 3G chipsets would need to become much more energy efficient
before inclusion in the iPhone.[35][70] The iPhone 3G supports UMTS and HSDPA, but not HSUPA networks.
It is not clear whether it supports HSDPA 3.6 or HSDPA 7.2.[citation needed] By default, the iPhone will ask to
join newly discovered Wi-Fi networks and prompt for the password when required, while also supporting
manually joining closed Wi-Fi networks.[71] When Wi-Fi is active, the iPhone will automatically switch
from the EDGE network to any nearby previously approved Wi-Fi network.[72] 802.1X is supported by the
iPhone OS version 2.0, which is used by many university and corporate Wi-Fi networks.[73]

The ubiquitous Internet connection offered by the iPhone has been widely utilized by users. According to
Google, the iPhone generates 50 times more search requests than any other mobile handset.[74] According to
Deutsche Telekom CEO René Obermann, "The average Internet usage for an iPhone customer is more than
100 MBytes. This is 30 times the use for our average contract-based consumer customers."[75]

The iPhone is able to access the World Wide Web via a modified version of the Safari web browser. Web
pages may be viewed in portrait or landscape mode and supports automatic zooming by pinching together
or spreading apart fingertips on the screen, or by double-tapping text or images.[76] The web browser
displays complete web pages similar to a desktop web browser and supports zooming by double-tapping
the screen.[77]

The iPhone does not support Flash[78] nor Java technology[79].

Apple developed an iPhone application for accessing Google's maps service in map, satellite or hybrid
form, a list of search results, or directions between two locations, while providing optional real-time traffic
information. During the product's announcement, Jobs demonstrated this feature by searching for nearby
Starbucks locations and then placing a prank call to one with a single tap.[80][81] Though Flash isn't supported
in Safari on the iPhone, Apple also developed a separate application to view YouTube videos on the iPhone,
similar to the system used for the Apple TV.

E-mail

The iPhone also features an e-mail program that supports HTML e-mail, which enables the user to embed
photos in an e-mail message. PDF, Word, Excel, and Powerpoint attachments to mail messages can be
viewed on the phone.[82] Yahoo! and Google's Gmail[83] currently offer a free Push-IMAP e-mail service,
similar to that on a BlackBerry, for the iPhone; IMAP and POP3 mail standards are also supported,
including Microsoft Exchange[84] and Kerio MailServer.[85] This is currently accomplished by opening up
IMAP on the Exchange server. Apple has also licensed Microsoft ActiveSync and now supports the
platform with the release of iPhone 2.0 firmware.[86][62] The iPhone will sync e-mail account settings over
from Apple's own Mail application, Microsoft Outlook, and Microsoft Entourage, or manually configured
using the device's Settings tool. With the correct settings, the e-mail program can check almost any IMAP
or POP3 account.[87]

Camera

The iPhone features a built in 2.0 megapixel camera located on the back for still digital photos. It has no
optical zoom, flash or autofocus, and does not support video recording.

The iPhone includes software that allows the user to upload, view, and e-mail photos. The user zooms in
and out of photos by "unpinching" and "pinching" them through the multi-touch interface. The software
interacts with iPhoto and Aperture software on the Mac and Photoshop software in Windows. In version 2.0
of the iPhone OS, users can choose to allow location data to be embedded in the pictures producing
geocoded photographs (geotagging).

Others

The built-in Bluetooth 2.x+EDR supports wireless earpieces, which requires the HSP profile, but notably
does not support stereo audio (requires A2DP), laptop tethering (requires DUN and SPP), or the OBEX file
transfer protocol (requires FTP, GOEP, and OPP). The lack of these profiles prevent iPhone users from
exchanging multimedia files with other bluetooth-enabled cell phones, including pictures, music and
videos.

Text messages are presented chronologically in a mailbox format similar to Mail, which places all text from
recipients together with replies. Text messages are displayed in speech bubbles (similar to iChat) under
each recipient's name. The iPhone currently has built-in support for e-mail message forwarding, drafts, and
direct internal camera-to-e-mail picture sending. However, it does not yet have capabilities for delivery
reports, MMS, or copy/cut/paste.[88] Support for multi-recipient SMS was added in the January 2008
(v1.1.3) software update.

Text input

Virtual keyboard on the original iPhone's touchscreen.

For text input, the device implements a virtual keyboard on the touchscreen. It has automatic spell checking
and correction, predictive word capabilities, and a dynamic dictionary that learns new words. The
predictive word capabilities have been integrated with the dynamic virtual keyboard so that users will not
have to be extremely accurate when typing—i.e. touching the edges of the desired letter or nearby letters on
the keyboard will be predictively corrected when possible. The keys are somewhat larger and spaced farther
apart when in landscape mode, currently only available using the Safari web browser. Not focusing more
on texting has been considered a chief weakness of the iPhone, while at the same time others believe the
virtual keyboard to be a bold step and a worthwhile risk.[89] The lack of a physical keyboard allows for the
keyboard to be optimized for different applications and languages.

History and availability

Main article: History of the iPhone

iPhone quarterly sales

iPhone availability around the world(Official): Available in 2007 Available in 2008 Available later

The genesis of the iPhone began with Apple CEO Steve Jobs' direction that Apple engineers investigate
touchscreens.[80] Apple created the device during a secretive and unprecedented collaboration with AT&T
Mobility—Cingular Wireless at the time of the phone's inception—at a development cost of US$150
million by one estimate. During development, the iPhone was codenamed "Purple 2".[90] The company
rejected an early "design by committee" built with Motorola in favor of engineering a custom operating
system and interface and building custom hardware.
The iPhone went on sale in the United States on June 29, 2007. Apple closed its stores at 2:00 pm local
time to prepare for the 6:00 pm iPhone launch, while hundreds of customers lined up at stores
nationwide.[20] Apple sold 270,000 iPhones in the first 30 hours on launch weekend.[91] In 2007, 8 million
iPhones were sold in the U.S. according to the Entertainment Software Association.[92] The original iPhone
was subsequently made available in five other countries: Ireland, the UK, France, Germany, and Austria.

On July 11, 2008, Apple released the iPhone 3G in twenty-two countries, including the original six. Forty-
eight more are expected to follow in the months afterwards.[1] The first iPhone 3G in the world was sold in
Auckland, New Zealand to Jonny Gladwell, a 22-year-old student, at one minute past midnight NZST.[93] In
the United States, purchasing the new phone will require signing a two-year provider contract with
AT&T.[94] On the iPhone 3G release date in the United States, many units initially failed to activate because
Apple's iTunes servers were overloaded.[95] Apple sold 1 million iPhone 3Gs in its first 3 days on sale.[96]

Specifications

Size comparison between a first generation iPod nano, a first generation iPhone, and a fourth generation
iPod, from top to bottom.

Features common to both versions

• Screen size: 3.5 in (89 mm)

• Screen resolution: 480×320 pixels at 163 ppi, with 3:2 aspect ratio
• Input devices: Multi-touch screen interface plus a "Home" button
• Built-in rechargeable, non-removable battery
• 2 megapixel camera
• Location finding by detection of cell towers and Wi-Fi networks
• Samsung S5L8900 (412 MHz[97] ARM 1176 processor, PowerVR MBX 3D graphics co-
processor)[98]
• Memory: 128 MB DRAM[99]
• Storage: 8 GB or 16 GB flash memory
• Operating System: iPhone OS
• Quad band GSM / GPRS / EDGE: GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900
• Wi-Fi (802.11b/g)
• Bluetooth 2.0 with EDR

Original model

• 4 GB model (discontinued after two months)

• Size: 4.5 inches (115 mm) (h) × 2.4 inches (61 mm) (w) × 0.46 inch (11.6 mm) (d)
• Weight: 135 g (4.8 oz)
• Battery has up to 8 hours of talk, 6 hours of Internet use, 7 hours of video playback, and up to 24
hours of audio playback, lasting over 250 hours on standby.[33]
• Headphone jack (recessed)
• Digital SAR of 0.974 W/kg[100][101]

3G model

• Color: Black (8 GB or 16 GB) or white (16 GB)

• Size: 4.5 inches (115.5 mm) (h) × 2.4 inches (62.1 mm) (w) × 0.48 inch (12.3 mm) (d)
 • Weight: 133 g (4.7 oz)
• Headphone jack (non-recessed)
• Battery has up to 10 hours of 2G talk, 5 hours of 3G talk, 5 (3G) or 6 (Wi-Fi) hours of Internet use,
7 hours of video playback, and up to 24 hours of audio playback, lasting over 300 hours on
standby.[27]
• Tri band UMTS / HSDPA: UMTS 850 / 1900 / 2100
• Assisted GPS, with preference to location based on Wi-Fi or cell towers

Patents, copyrights, and trademarks

Apple has filed more than 300 patents related to the technology behind the iPhone.[102][103]

LG Electronics claimed the iPhone's design was copied from the LG Prada. Woo-Young Kwak, head of LG
Mobile Handset R&D Center, said at a press conference, “We consider that Apple copied Prada phone after
the design was unveiled when it was presented in the iF Design Award and won the prize in September
2006.”[104]

On September 3, 1993, Infogear filed for the U.S. trademark "I PHONE"[105] and on March 20, 1996 applied
for the trademark "IPhone".[106] "I Phone" was registered in March 1998,[105] and "IPhone" was registered in
1999.[106] Since then, the I PHONE mark had been abandoned.[105] Infogear's trademarks cover
"communications terminals comprising computer hardware and software providing integrated telephone,
data communications and personal computer functions" (1993 filing),[105] and "computer hardware and
software for providing integrated telephone communication with computerized global information
networks" (1996 filing).[107] Infogear released a telephone with an integrated web browser under the name
iPhone in 1998.[108] In 2000, Infogear won an infringement claim against the owners of the iphones.com
domain name.[109] In June 2000, Cisco Systems acquired Infogear, including the iPhone trademark.[110] On
December 18, 2006 they released a range of re-branded Voice over IP (VoIP) sets under the name
iPhone.[111]

In October 2002, Apple applied for the "iPhone" trademark in the United Kingdom, Australia, Singapore,
and the European Union. A Canadian application followed in October 2004 and a New Zealand application
in September 2006. As of October 2006 only the Singapore and Australian applications had been granted.
In September 2006, a company called Ocean Telecom Services applied for an "iPhone" trademark in the
United States, United Kingdom and Hong Kong, following a filing in Trinidad and Tobago.[112] As the
Ocean Telecom trademark applications use exactly the same wording as Apple's New Zealand application,
it is assumed that Ocean Telecom is applying on behalf of Apple.[113] The Canadian application was opposed
in August 2005 by a Canadian company called Comwave who themselves applied for the trademark three
months later. Comwave have been selling VoIP devices called iPhone since 2004.[110]

Shortly after Steve Jobs' January 9, 2007 announcement that Apple would be selling a product called
iPhone in June 2007, Cisco issued a statement that it had been negotiating trademark licensing with Apple
and expected Apple to agree to the final documents that had been submitted the night before.[114] On January
10, 2007 Cisco announced it had filed a lawsuit against Apple over the infringement of the trademark
iPhone, seeking an injunction in federal court to prohibit Apple from using the name.[115] More recently,
Cisco claimed that the trademark lawsuit was a "minor skirmish" that was not about money, but about
interoperability.[116]

On February 2, 2007, Apple and Cisco announced that they had agreed to temporarily suspend litigation
while they hold settlement talks,[117] and subsequently announced on February 20, 2007 that they had
reached an agreement. Both companies will be allowed to use the "iPhone" name[118] in exchange for
"exploring interoperability" between their security, consumer, and business communications products.[119]

Restrictions
SIM Lock removal

While initially iPhones were only sold on the AT&T network with a SIM lock in place, various hackers
have found methods to "unlock" the phone; more recently some carriers have started to sell unlocked
iPhones[120]. More than a quarter of iPhones sold in the United States were not registered with AT&T. Apple
speculates that they were likely shipped overseas and unlocked.[121] AT&T has stated that the "iPhone
cannot be unlocked, even if you are out of contract".[122]

Unlocked iPhone firmware version 2.0 using GrameenPhone Network in Bangladesh

On November 21, 2007, T-Mobile in Germany announced it would sell the phone unlocked and without a
T-Mobile contract, caused by a preliminary injunction against T-Mobile put in place by their competitor,
Vodafone. In Germany, a company is not allowed to lock the SIM card to itself.[123] On December 4, 2007, a
German court decided to grant T-Mobile exclusive rights to sell the iPhone with SIM lock, overturning the
temporary injunction.[124] In addition, T-Mobile will voluntarily offer to unlock customers' iPhone after the
termination of the contract.[125]

On carriers where removal of the iPhone's SIM lock is allowed the carrier can submit a request to Apple
which will then update the carrier settings on the next restore of the iPhone. Customers of the carriers
Optus and Vodafone in Australia have so far been successful in unlocking their phones to work on any
network.

Activation

The iPhone normally prevents access to its media player and web features unless it has also been activated
as a phone with an authorized carrier. On July 3, 2007, Jon Lech Johansen reported on his blog that he had
successfully bypassed this requirement and unlocked the iPhone's other features with a combination of
custom software and modification of the iTunes binary. He published the software and offsets for others to
use.[126]

Unlike the original, the 3G iPhone must be activated in the store in most countries.[127] This need for in-
store activation, as well as the huge number of first-generation iPhone and iPod Touch users upgrading to
iPhone OS 2.0, caused a worldwide overload of Apple's servers on July 11, 2008, the day on which both the
iPhone 3G and iPhone OS 2.0 updates were released. After the update, devices were required to connect to
Apple's servers to authenticate the update, causing many devices to be temporarily unusable. [128]

However, on the O2 network in the United Kingdom, you can buy the phone online and activate it via
iTunes, as with the previous model. [129] Likewise, in Australia, iPhones purchased as a pre-paid kit do not
require in-store activation, but require activation online at the Optus website and iTunes.[130]

Third party applications

The iPhone's operating system is designed to only run software that has an Apple-approved cryptographic
signature. This restriction can be overcome by "jailbreaking" the phone[131], which involves replacing the
iPhone's firmware with a slightly modified version that does not enforce the signature check. Doing so may
be a circumvention of Apple's technical protection measures[132], which in the United States would be illegal
under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act.

See also

• Timeline of Apple products

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External links

• Quotations related to iPhone at Wikiquote.

• Media related to iPhone at Wikimedia Commons.
• Apple's iPhone website
• iPhone at the Open Directory Project
• iFixit's first look of the iPhone 3G

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Apple hardware since 1998

 [show]

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Apple Inc.

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