Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
W
ith a slight deviation from the pattern of Bell, Alan Exton
the last couple of years, it is again my and Max Schenck,
pleasure to announce that not one but who was succeeded
two award certificates were presented in 2003 by yours
at the Dinner. Highly deserving of the recognition truly!
that is recorded in the award certificate is Dave
Errata
Pitcher, whose lifelong dedication to promoting
An error in the
the excellence of belt conveying is widely known
worked example
in the industry. The second award, for assisting
at the end of the
in promoting the excellence of belt conveying, was
specification CMA
made to our long-serving Secretary, Chris Townsend.
MC01 Rev00 of
Well done to both
2004 “Clamps for
of you and may
Belt Conveyors”
we enjoy many
has been identi- Simon Curry
more years of your
fied. This has now
involvement in the
been corrected and Rev01 issued, which is avail-
belt conveying in-
able as a download from the CMA website www.
dustry.
cmasa.co.za. The error in the example was in the
Among the hon- incorrect calculation of force as 80% of the rated
oured guests at belt tension; the formulae in the specification itself
the Dinner, I was are correct.
very pleased to
And lastly, I would like to remind you that the IMHC
welcome an ex
committee has called for papers for Beltcon 16,
chairman of the
to be held on 3 and 4 August, 2011. If you are
CMA, Brian Bell
interested in presenting a paper, or would like a
and his wife Pat.
paper on a specific topic, please notify the IMHC
In fact, all past
Organising Secretary at ctr@beltcon.org.za.
Chairmen were
there going back Simon Curry
to 1993 with Brian CMA Chairman
Chris Townsend and Dave Pitcher
Understanding Is Key
First you understand the material fully, then
you design everything to facilitate flow. The
traditional approach of concentrating on
structural or mechanical design constraints,
has been turned on its head by Roymec. The
company holds by the maxim that flow comes
first. Understanding the nature and proper-
ties of the material being worked with is key.
Only then does Roymec proceed to an opti-
mised, flow-driven design.
R
udi Pieterse, Divisional Manager Marketing
& Proposals of Roymec, tells “Bulk Handling
Today” that having their own in-house plant
erection capability means that they not only
control all aspects of the design but the construction
as well. “In this way, we are ‘masters of our own
destiny’ and can ensure stringent quality criteria
and delivery deadlines are met at all points along
the value chain.”
Impressive array of engineering and
materials handling projects
Roymec’s national and international clients can
attest to an impressive array of engineering and
materials handling projects that have been success-
fully delivered to date. Rudi adds, “We have grown
significantly since Roymec’s inception in 1979.
Our core business is the delivery of innovative, op-
timised and reliable materials handling solutions to
the mining and industrial markets. We prefer to do
this on a lump sum turnkey basis as Every aspect
of project execution is performed and project-man-
aged in-house.
WITHOUTJuneTRUCKS,
BULK HANDLING TODAY 2010
SOUTH AFRICA STOPS!
CHUTES AND LINERS
U
retech managing director George
Hoffmann says, “Overall material
and maintenance costs have risen
due to resource increases and mon-
etary fluctuations. With polyurethane products
that are more economical than steel-based
lining solutions, our customers have seen the
benefit of implementing our products - not
only to ensure equipment longevity, but to
actually refurbish a piece of equipment in
the shortest possible time.”
In 2008, Uretech introduced dead box lin-
R
ers, graders, TLBs and a fleet of trucks so that we
ichard is a director of a family business, can offer the full complement of rental equipment
Bila Civil Contractors. His brother, wife and needed for bulk earth- moving,” Richard says. “Our
sisters all actively participate in running the philosophy is to buy new equipment, so that we
various business units such as the plant never let the client down.
hire section under the wing of the main company “Experience has taught us that you can’t wait
based at Ivory Park near Midrand. until the demand is high before investing in new
Handling the machine swiftly and precisely, yet gently equipment. You have to have machines readily
and with great care available all the time because people don’t like
to wait around while you run around sourcing
That he’s a down-to-earth man shows immediately equipment,’ he adds. “Having our workshop is
as he starts pointing out the features of the brand also a great help in ensuring that all equipment is
new equipment they’re busy testing. “We’re also serviced and ready to go out at a moment’s notice.
checking out a new operator,” he says with a warm The machinery goes out to all the other provinces,
smile. “You can see he’s a professional, handling which are some distance from us, so we have to
the machine swiftly and precisely, yet gently and ensure that it arrives on site to start working im-
with great care.” mediately without any hitches.”
Construction
In addition to the equipment rental business, Bila
has the staff and infrastructure to handle construc-
tion work on a project basis. The company’s track
record shows work done for government departments
and private entities in all provinces in South Africa.
This includes work like embankment protection,
storm water management systems, road surfacing
and the building of schools, police stations, housing
and commercial properties.
“We even have a stockyard where we keep all
the basic building materials you might need for
construction projects,” Richard adds.
Rentals
For the convenience of clients, Bila offers two rates
for the hire of earthmoving machinery; a dry rate and
a wet rate. “The dry rate, which most people opt
for, does not include diesel and the client therefore
provide his own fuel while we provides fuel at a
flat rate when they hire at the wet rate charge,”
says Richard. “The wet rate is really for those with
a short-term requirement. It’s not unusual to hire
out a machine just for a couple of hours, so we
cater for these clients as well.”
Marginalised
The ideal for any company is the long-term rental
market and in this respect, Richard has some
machines working on the Medupi power station
project. “However, even though we continuously
tender for project work and we certainly have the
capability to do it well, we still feel we’re being
marginalised,” he says.
The workshop
“Despite the fact that we’re an entirely black-owned ing companies, not only in plant hire, but also in where equipment
company with 30% of the shares owned by females, civil construction.” is serviced and
this does not seem to count in our favour when it checked before it
Richard Bila, Bila Civil Contractors, Tel: (011) 261-0241, goes out
comes to projects,” Richard adds. We regularly get Email: info@bila.co.za, Website: www.bila.co.za
promises, but it never materialises and I simply
don’t know why. Our prices
are competitive and we have
a good track record of not
just finishing all our work on
time, but often before time in
some cases.”
We still feel we’re
being marginalised
The future
But Richard’s spirit is not
dampened and entrepreneurial
flare is kept alight. “We’re
always at the ready to take
off at full speed, all we need
is a chance to prove that
we’re better than most,” he
says in conclusion, smiling
broadly. “So we’ll just keep on
tendering, and because we’re
a law-abiding company that
plays by the book in terms of
safety, financial management
and providing opportunities for
our people, we’re determined
to grow into one of the lead-
A TLB form Bila at work
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Let us know your demands.
“
Steinmüller’s Plant Hire’s key differentia-
tors are a personal interface with experts,
customisation of solutions for client needs
through detailed studies, well trained crane
operators and its superior safety record. In addi-
tion, the company has a wide service offering of
equipment for hire, which spans 24 000 items,”
he says.
Marketing tool
The highly professional and personalised service,
Stephan Obser
“
Bulk Handling Today” speaks to Stephan
Obser, regional sales manager of Voith Turbo,
about his findings garnered from experience
in conveyor installations across the globe.
“There are many different drive solutions, but people
tend to forget what happens further down the line
when the speed of the belt constantly changes,” he
says. “A common mistake is that they only focus
on one section, varying the belt speed, while the
rest of the system simply isn’t designed for higher
speeds, resulting in increased wear and higher
Fig. 1: b) variable filling level due to constant belt
energy costs.” speed
Stephan compiled a paper from the studies he the belt circulation around the drums. It has been
conducted worldwide. In this paper he concludes; erroneously assumed that such a measure would
“The general statement that speed regulation increase the service life of the belt connections
on belt conveyors results in energy savings, has and hence the entire belt. Stephan’s paper shows
clearly been disproved,” he says. “Arguments in that this assumption is incorrect.
favour of varying speed in order to prevent wear
have been negated. Arguments in favour of wear Influence of speed adaptation on belt
prevention through variable speed have equally drive components
been negated.” Stephan’s paper focused on the individual com-
ponents of the belt conveyor and highlights their
General observations on speed adaptation relevance on the belt speed.
Adapting the belt speed serves the purpose of
ensuring that the average material filling level on Fig. 2 shows a simplified scheme of the belt con-
the belt is always at maximum capacity. veyor and its key components.
This measure is intended to reduce the frequency of The belt conveyor consists primarily of the two
return drums (head and tail); long belt conveyors The belt is supported by rolls, arranged at regular
have, of course, further drums. For reasons of intervals across the entire length of the conveyor,
space, the drive is consequently not at the head of either as garlands or staggered.
the system, but installed further back with further
Material loading / Material release
drums. In order to introduce higher torque, the
The design of the material release system depends
wrap-around angle of the belt around the drum
on several factors. First of all, there are the flow
is increased.
characteristics of the material. Depending on the
flow characteristics, the release station is designed
either as a chute or a box, in order to prevent mate-
The Eytelwein formula applies: , where rial from sticking to the surface or piling up. At the
μ represents the adhesive value between belt and same time, the material should be released in the
drum, while α denotes the wrap-around angle. direction of the follow-on belt, ideally at the same
Fig. 4: Comparison of specific energy requirements at variable belt speed vs variable filling level.
In fact, the element limiting the service life of the stretched on its outer radius.
idlers are actually the bearings. The load changes also take the straightening of
the belt prior to release into account, as well as
the length of the straightening (ie, the distance
The bearing life is calculated as: with between a sagging and a re-straightened belt). Fig.
C: load rating, P: equivalent load (in radial and axial 3 shows such a load diagram; stress is projected
direction) and p = 3 for grooved ball bearings. above the load cycle.
With load collectives, the load equivalent arises The diagram shows that the load cycle, ie, the
from: number of cycles of a belt connection, rises with
decreasing load. It is noticeable that a load reduc-
tion of just 10% corresponds to almost a doubling
of the stress cycles. In other words: a reduction
of the load and/or the filling level leads to a
longer service life of the belt connections. These
This illustrates that the service life of the bear- findings suggest that speed adaptation would be
ings depends much more on the load (directly disadvantageous.
proportional) than on the speed (proportional to
the third root).
It is noticeable that a load reduction of just 10%
corresponds to almost a doubling of the stress cycles
The service life of the bearings is therefore nega-
tively affected if the average filling level on the
belt conveyor is kept high as a result of speed
adaptation.
Material
The revised German standard DIN 22 101 takes
the long-time rupture strength of the belt connec-
tion into account. The long-time rupture strength
represents the lifetime of the belt connection in
dependence on pulling forces and the varying levels
of load cycles. Load cycles are periods during which
the belt is subjected to high stresses. An example
is the moment when the belt runs around a drum,
as the belt is compressed directly at the drum and Fig. 5: Resistance coefficient
(ie, during conventional start-up procedures), but able to adapt the transfer within this period, if
become highly critical and cause damage to the necessary.
transmissions during longer operation times (when
Conclusion
they reach critical bending frequencies).
The statement that speed regulation at belt con-
This investigation has been theoretically backed up veyors would result in energy savings has been
with a frequency analysis (Fig. 10). It was found clearly disproved. The advantages that result from
that there are certain speed ranges where the belt constant belt speeds and variable filling levels have
conveyor must not be operated, in order to prevent been examined.
damage to the transmissions. In Fig. 10, the affected
areas are shown in red. There is a narrow speed Arguments in favour of variable speeds in order to
window between 400 and 500 1/min, another prevent wear have been negated
one between 650 and 900 1/min, as well as the
nominal speed of 1,200 1/min.
Arguments in favour of variable speeds in order
Yet it must be pointed out that the affected speed to prevent wear have been negated. Arguments in
ranges can be positively influenced by different favour of wear prevention through variable speeds
ratios, different materials and different material have equally been negated. Problems that might
strengths. occur as a result of belt speed control measures,
Control have also been mentioned.
It has been shown that, during highly fluctuating The conclusion is that operators should try to
loading and unloading situations, for example via eliminate bottlenecks at the belt conveyor, so that it
a bucket wheel excavator, a down control of the can always be operated with full material load and
belt speed is possible only to a certain degree, as hence bring in maximum profit, instead of searching
the fluctuations might result in material overflow for solutions aimed at reduced belt speeds.
at the release points. It must also be borne in mind Stephan Obser, Voith Turbo, Tel: +49 7951 32 1986 (Ger-
that speed control with associated monitoring of many), Email: stephan.obser@voith.com or Roy Webster at
the filling level is highly labour-intensive. Increas- Tel: (011) 418-4036, Email: roy.webster@voith.com
ing or decreasing the belt speed does not result in
instant response, but requires a certain amount of
time. In view of the situation at the release point
outlined earlier, the control system must also be
Fluid
Power
A fundamental feature of a hydraulic
drive is the high torque that can be
obtained from a dimensionally small
unit when it drives heavy rotational
equipment at speeds below one
revolution per minute to above 320
revolutions per minute without the
need for mechanical gears. This
powerful mechanical force makes it
possible to optimise the design of
large heavy machinery.
O
ver the past 50 years, Hägglunds Drives
in Sweden has worked on the develop-
ment of hydraulic drive technology to
bring the world an alternative for high
torque applications, particularly the bulk handling
industry. “Bulk Handling Today” speaks to Michael
Gullick of Hägglunds Drives South Africa about this
technology now available in South Africa.
25 - 28 July 2010
Sun City
Gold sponsor: Silver sponsor:
To a New Level
There has been a breakthrough in underground wheeled haul- machine rebuild, then to be discarded.
age technology with the development of the “next generation” Full year of testing
in shuttle car suspension—Joyride, the industry’s most ad- The new Joyride strut system, with its patented
vanced four-wheel independent suspension system. technology significantly reduces forces on the
“
suspension and offers the best-in-class ride today.
We have taken shuttle car suspension technol- “The strut is a product of one-and-a-half years of
ogy to the next level,” says Adam Peterson, design, component testing, and underground ma-
Group Leader Haulage Hydraulics of Joy’s chine testing,” says Adam, “including a full year
Haulage Engineering Department. of testing at Foundation Coal’s Emerald Mine in
Waynesburg, Pennsylvania, USA.
Taken up a notch
“Joy Mining Machinery has offered a four-wheel “The timing for the project was right,” he adds. “Our
independent suspension system as an optional customers had been asking if we could improve the
feature on shuttle cars for more than ten years,” current strut system to facilitate rebuilding, and Joy’s
Adam adds. “What has taken this system up a haulage engineering group was strategically driving
notch is the new Joyride strut incorporated into the need to optimise the design characteristics to
the suspension system.” enable improved performance.
Reduces forces on the suspension and offers the Can be retrofitted
best-in-class ride today “The new struts can be retrofitted to suspension
machines in the field today and a new chassis is
A standard Joy shuttle car without four-wheel not required to do so,” Adam explains.
suspension uses a pivoting axle supporting the
machine’s discharge end wheels, and fixed axles on While productivity and performance were the main
the loading end. The optional four-wheel suspension focus of the new strut development, the goal was
system, introduced a decade ago, is a passive strut to have the best-in-class ride and to “separate Joy
system incorporating internal elastomeric pucks from the competition” by using technology that
and spacer plates designed to last until the next would provide real value to the customer.
JOY 10SC32 shuttle car with the Joyride shuttle car suspension system
Concluding the crane deal, left to right, is Andrew Pimblett managing director of Street Crane
Company with Mark Mackenzie and Hannes Steenberg of GM Technical Services.
O
TH
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AN
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IM
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SO
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SHOW THEM YOU CARE BY MAKING A MONTHLY DONATION! SO
CI ETY F
O
E
E
TH
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As little as R50 a month, or whatever you can comfortably afford, can make a BIG difference in an animal’s life.
S
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S I N DIS T S I N DIS
NAME : ______________________________________________________________________________________________
36 BULK HANDLING TODAY June 2010 Advanced Materials Today September 2007 39
Market Forum
will now offer numerous new features, less downtime equal less cost!
allowing for even more applica- Varma Parag, SKF Platform Manager, Power Transmission,
tion possibilities. Along with 10 explains the advantages, “The Xtra power belts are homoge-
two-step push buttons, the new neous and have a coordinated integration of the belt, flank
version comes with a rotary and the pulley groove. They reduce pulley groove wear due to
switch. Radiomatic iLOG is also optimized cover fabric and offer up to 97% drive efficiency.
standard. The electronic key They are also oil and heat resistant and have an antistatic
enables the quick activation of cover. You only have to worry about one-shot tensioning,
a spare transmitter if the radio and there is no need to re-tension the belts after the initial
control is damaged. A further run in period. They also have improved smooth running
benefit is the powerful NiMH behaviour, low vibration levels and offer good resistance to
rechargeable battery with approx. shock loads”.
30 hours of continuous operating
time (standard version). Tension members for the Xtra power belts are polyester
and specially treated providing high tension loads and low
Another major highlight of the elongation. A fibre filled compound above and below the
new micron 5 is the approval for tension members allows the belts to carry higher dynamic
use in hazardous environments, loadings with no compromise of flexibility and full support
such as Ex zones 1, 2, 21 and of tension cords. The cover fabric provides excellent wear
22. Adding the hand-held trans- and abrasion resistance while also providing excellent bend-
mitter to the impressive line ing strength.
of controls
for hazard-
ous envi-
ronments
s h o w s
why HBC-
radiomatic
is the world-
wide leader in wireless safety. Further
new options are the vibration alarm and
the user identification.
An outstanding innovation for crane con-
trol, is the new spectrum D transmitter.
In addition to the numerous functions
of the spectrum series, this powerful
device comes with a 3.5” color TFT
screen. The display is non-reflective,
allowing for perfect clarity, even in
sunny conditions. In addition, the TFT
is equipped with QVGA technology and
boasts a color depth of 18 Bits including
an extensive internal memory, enabling
the display of various graphics, image
files and language versions.
Bexl Control Systems cc, Tel: (011) 421-
0004/25, Fax: (011) 422-2571,Email: fanie@
bexl.co.za, Web: www.bexl.co.za
From:.........................................................................................
Title: ..........................................................................................
The MDB is designed for high capacities of 10t to 50t and Company: .................................................................................
is insensitive to side load. Constructed of nickel plated alloy
steel, the unit is fully potted and sealed with special chemical
Address: ..................................................................................
compounds to IP67 providing excellent protection against
the ingress of water and moisture.
....................................................................................................
The model MDB can be supplied optionally hermetically
sealed to IP68 to protect in corrosive environments and
......................................................................Code: ..................
under washdown conditions. Another available option is FM
approval: intrinsic safety in Class I, II, III Div I Groups A-G
or non-incendive in Class I Div 2 Groups A-D. Telephone: (.......) ....................................................................
Instrotech (Pty) Ltd, Tel No: (011) 462-1920, Fax: (011) 462-1958,
Fax: (.......) ................................................................................
E-mail: info@instrotech.co.za, Pieter Deysel
Email: .......................................................................................
Index to Advertisers
Afzelia 34
AST Inside Front Cover
Bearings International 18
Bonfiglioli Inside Back Cover
Brelko 23
Dymot 20
Engineer Placements 32
Hägglunds 14
LMI Academy 12
Rema Tip Top Outside Back Cover
RFA 8
Roymec Outside Front Cover
SAID 36
Sapics 30
SEW 26
Short-term Stay 38
Silver A 16
SKF 10
ThyssenKrupp 25
Voith 6